语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破(10)-2026届高三英语二轮复习专项

2026-04-21
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高三
章节 -
类型 题集-专项训练
知识点 -
使用场景 高考复习-二轮专题
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
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发布时间 2026-04-21
更新时间 2026-04-21
作者 黑夜5543
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审核时间 2026-04-21
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语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破 第一组 1. It was believed that we could judge a person’s integrity and wisdom by____________ naturally flows from their brush. 答案:what 翻译:人们认为,我们可以通过从笔下自然流淌出的东西来判断一个人的正直和智慧。 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,核心结构是“It was believed that...”(人们认为……),其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。主语从句中,“by + 宾语从句”作方式状语,空格处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作主语(指代“从笔下流淌出的东西”),故用连接代词what。注意:by是介词,后面需接名词性成分,此处宾语从句充当介词by的宾语,不可用which(which引导宾语从句时需有明确指代的先行词,此处无先行词)。 核心知识点:1. It is/was believed that... 句型:固定搭配,“人们认为……”,it为形式主语,that引导的主语从句为真正主语,类似结构还有It is/was said/reported/thought that...(据说/据报道/人们认为……)。例:It is said that he has passed the exam.(据说他通过了考试。) 2. 介词by的用法:此处作“通过……方式”讲,后接名词、代词或宾语从句(名词性从句),不能直接接动词原形。例:We learn English by reading aloud.(我们通过大声朗读学习英语。) 3. what引导宾语从句的用法:what是连接代词,可在宾语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,指代“……的东西/事情/人”,无先行词;而which引导宾语从句时,必须有明确的先行词(指代某一特定的人或物)。例:I don’t know what he wants.(我不知道他想要什么。)/ I don’t know which book he likes.(我不知道他喜欢哪本书。) 2. When ____________(evaluate) calligraphy, experts look for “spirit resonance” (气韵) — a quality extremely difficult to define, yet instantly recognizable to the____________ (train) eye. 答案:evaluating; trained 翻译:在评价书法时,专家们会寻找“气韵”——一种极难定义但训练有素的眼睛能瞬间识别的特质。 详细解析:本句主句为“experts look for ‘spirit resonance’”,逗号前为时间状语从句的省略形式;逗号后为“a quality”作“spirit resonance”的同位语,后接形容词短语“extremely difficult to define, yet instantly recognizable...”作后置定语。① 时间状语从句中,主句主语experts与动词evaluate(评价)之间是主动关系,故用现在分词evaluating,此处是“When they are evaluating calligraphy”的省略(当主从句主语一致,且从句含be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词);② 第二个空格修饰名词eye,需用形容词,train(训练)的形容词形式为trained(受过训练的),“trained eye”表示“训练有素的眼睛”,而training(训练中的)不符合语境。 核心知识点:1. 状语从句的省略:当时间、条件、让步等状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且从句中含有be动词(am/is/are/was/were)时,可省略从句的主语和be动词,从句谓语动词用现在分词(主动关系)或过去分词(被动关系)。例:When (he was) asked about his dream, he kept silent.(当被问及他的梦想时,他保持沉默。)/ While (we are) studying, we should focus.(学习时,我们应该集中注意力。) 2. 分词作形容词的用法:① 现在分词(-ing)作形容词,通常表示“令人……的”,修饰事物或人(侧重主动、进行);② 过去分词(-ed)作形容词,通常表示“感到……的”或“被……的”,修饰人或被修饰的事物(侧重被动、完成)。此处trained(受过训练的)修饰eye,体现“被训练过的”,符合语境;类似例:excited(兴奋的)/ exciting(令人兴奋的),surprised(惊讶的)/ surprising(令人惊讶的)。 3. 同位语的用法:句中“a quality”是“spirit resonance”的同位语,用于解释说明“气韵”的具体含义,后面的形容词短语作后置定语修饰quality,相当于定语从句“a quality that is extremely difficult to define...”。 3. This philosophical depth is evident in the works of Wang Xizhi, ____________calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, whose masterpiece “Lantingji Xu”____________ (celebrate) for centuries as the “world’s best running script,” not only for its artistic excellence but also for the philosophy it ____________(contain). 答案:a; has been celebrated; contains 翻译:这种哲学深度在东晋书法家王羲之的作品中体现得淋漓尽致,他的代表作《兰亭集序》几个世纪以来一直被誉为“天下第一行书”,不仅因为其艺术造诣,还因为它所蕴含的哲学思想。 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,主句为“This philosophical depth is evident in the works of Wang Xizhi”,后面接同位语、定语从句和原因状语。① 第一个空格:calligrapher(书法家)是可数名词单数,此处表示“一位东晋的书法家”,表泛指,故用不定冠词a;② 第二个空格:主语“Lantingji Xu”与动词celebrate(赞美、推崇)之间是被动关系,且时间状语“for centuries”(几个世纪以来)表示从过去持续到现在的动作,故用现在完成时的被动语态has been celebrated;③ 第三个空格:定语从句“it (contain)”修饰先行词the philosophy,主语it(指代《兰亭集序》)是第三人称单数,且此处描述客观事实,用一般现在时,故填contains。 核心知识点:1. 不定冠词a/an的用法:用于可数名词单数前,表示“一个、一位”,表泛指;an用于元音音素开头的单词前,a用于辅音音素开头的单词前。此处calligrapher是以辅音音素/k/开头,故用a;例:a student(一名学生),an apple(一个苹果)。 2. 现在完成时的被动语态:结构为“have/has been + 过去分词”,表示“从过去开始,持续到现在,且主语承受动作”,常与for+时间段、since+时间点等时间状语连用。例:The bridge has been built for 10 years.(这座桥已经建成10年了。) 3. 定语从句:whose引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Wang Xizhi,在从句中作定语(表示“……的”);后面的“it (contain)”是省略关系代词that/which的定语从句,修饰先行词the philosophy,关系代词在从句中作contain的宾语,故可省略。例:This is the book (that/which) I bought yesterday.(这是我昨天买的书。) 4. 一般现在时的用法:用于描述客观事实、真理、习惯性动作,主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词需加-s/-es。例:The earth goes around the sun.(地球绕着太阳转。) 5. not only...but also... 句型:表示“不仅……而且……”,连接两个并列的原因状语(for its artistic excellence 和 for the philosophy...),遵循“就近原则”(谓语动词的单复数由靠近它的主语决定),此处连接两个介词短语,不涉及主谓一致。 4. It serves as a balance to the digital world, offering____________ (individual) a way to slow down, focus their minds, and reconnect with their cultural heritage. 答案:individuals 翻译:它(书法)作为数字世界的一种平衡,为个人提供了一种放慢脚步、集中思绪、重新连接文化遗产的方式。 详细解析:本句主句为“It serves as a balance to the digital world”,逗号后为现在分词短语offering...作伴随状语(表示主句动作发生时伴随的动作)。空格处作offering的宾语,individual(个人)是可数名词,此处表示泛指“所有人、个人们”,故用复数形式individuals。注意:offering是及物动词,后面需接宾语,若用单数individual,前面需加冠词(a/an),但此处表泛指复数,故用individuals更符合语境。 核心知识点:1. 现在分词作伴随状语:当两个动作同时发生,且主语一致时,可用现在分词短语作伴随状语,表主动关系,相当于and连接的并列谓语。例:He walked in the street, singing a song.(他走在街上,唱着歌。) 2. 可数名词的单复数:individual是可数名词,单数表示“一个人”,复数表示“多个人、人们”;表泛指时,要么用复数,要么用“a/an + 单数”。例:an individual(一个人),individuals(人们)。 3. serve as 短语:固定搭配,表示“充当、作为”,相当于act as。例:This room can serve as a meeting room.(这个房间可以用作会议室。) 4. 不定式短语作后置定语:“a way to slow down, focus their minds, and reconnect...”中,to do不定式短语修饰名词way,表示“……的方式”,多个不定式并列时,后面的to可省略(此处slow down, focus, reconnect并列,均省略to)。 5. As an enthusiast of Chinese architecture, I’ve always considered sharing its beauty with international audiences in a way that truly resonates (引起共鸣), so I came back to China _______________ (pursue) a doctoral degree and continue exploring _______________ ancient buildings can be understood and cared for as living heritage. 答案:to pursue; how 翻译:作为一名中国建筑爱好者,我一直想以一种真正能引起共鸣的方式与国际观众分享它的美,所以我回到中国攻读博士学位,并继续探索如何将古建筑作为活态遗产来理解和保护。 详细解析:本句为并列复合句,由so连接两个分句。① 第一个空格:前面“I came back to China”(我回到中国)是主句,空格处用不定式to pursue作目的状语,表示“回到中国的目的是攻读博士学位”,不定式作目的状语时,常放在主句后面,表“为了……”;② 第二个空格:exploring后面接宾语从句,空格处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作方式状语(表示“如何、怎样”),故用连接副词how。注意:explore是及物动词,后面需接宾语从句,此处从句意为“古建筑如何被理解和保护”,故用how,不可用what(what在从句中作主语/宾语,此处不缺主宾)。 核心知识点:1. 不定式作目的状语:结构为“主句 + to do...”,表示“为了做某事”,to do短语可放在句首(后面用逗号隔开)或句末。例:He got up early to catch the bus.(他早起是为了赶公交车。)/ To improve his English, he practices speaking every day.(为了提高英语,他每天练习口语。) 2. how引导宾语从句的用法:how是连接副词,引导宾语从句时,在从句中作方式状语,表示“如何、怎样”,从句用陈述语序(主语+谓语)。例:I don’t know how to solve this problem.(我不知道如何解决这个问题。)/ She asked how he went to school.(她问他是怎么去上学的。) 3. consider的用法:consider doing sth. 表示“考虑做某事”,后面接动名词作宾语,不能接不定式;例:He is considering changing his job.(他正在考虑换工作。);consider + that从句,表示“认为……”,例:I consider that he is right.(我认为他是对的。) 4. 被动语态的隐含用法:“ancient buildings can be understood and cared for”中,understood和cared for是并列的被动语态,省略了第二个be动词(can be understood and (be) cared for),被动语态结构为“be + 过去分词”,此处表示“被理解、被保护”。 6. Gradually, I came to understand that the future of urban development lies in integrating heritage with innovation _______________ in finding vivid ways to tell the stories behind historic buildings. 答案:but also 翻译:渐渐地,我开始明白,城市发展的未来在于将遗产与创新相结合,还在于找到生动的方式来讲述历史建筑背后的故事。 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,that引导宾语从句作understand的宾语,宾语从句的核心结构是“the future...lies in A _______________ in B”,其中A是“integrating heritage with innovation”(将遗产与创新相结合),B是“finding vivid ways...buildings”(找到生动的方式讲述历史建筑背后的故事),A和B是并列关系,结合前文“lies in”(在于),可知此处是“not only...but also...”的省略结构(前面省略了not only),表示“不仅在于……,还在于……”,故填but also。注意:此处不能填and,因为“not only...but also...”更能体现递进关系,符合语境(城市发展的未来不仅在于结合遗产与创新,还在于讲述建筑故事)。 核心知识点:1. not only...but also... 句型:表示“不仅……而且……”,连接两个并列的成分(此处连接两个介词短语in integrating...和in finding...),可用于强调递进关系;当连接两个并列的谓语动词或介词短语时,前面的not only可省略,只保留but also,此处即为省略not only的用法。例:He is not only tall but also strong.(他不仅高,而且壮。)/ She is good at not only English but also math.(她不仅擅长英语,还擅长数学。) 2. lie in 短语:固定搭配,表示“在于”,后面接名词、代词或动名词(doing),例:The success lies in hard work.(成功在于努力。)/ His strength lies in being patient.(他的优势在于有耐心。) 3. 动名词作介词宾语:in是介词,后面接动名词(integrating, finding)作宾语,即“lie in doing sth.”(在于做某事),类似的介词短语(如devote to, pay attention to)后面也需接动名词。 7. On Thursday, we, ______________ company with 45 students from different countries, visited Xianmongtan, one of the 15 heritage components of the Beijing Central Axis. 答案:in 翻译:周四,我们和45名来自不同国家的学生一起参观了鲜鱼口(注:Xianmongtan应为Xianyu Kou,鲜鱼口),它是北京中轴线15个遗产构成部分之一。 详细解析:本句主句为“we visited Xianmongtan”,逗号中间的“______________ company with 45 students...”是插入语,修饰主语we,表示“和……一起”。固定搭配“in company with”表示“和……一起”,相当于together with,故填in。注意:不能填with,因为“with”直接接宾语(we with 45 students...),而此处有company,需用固定短语in company with。 核心知识点:1. 固定短语in company with:表示“和……一起”,是正式用语,相当于together with, along with;例:She went to the park in company with her sister.(她和她姐姐一起去了公园。) 2. 插入语的用法:句中“in company with 45 students from different countries”是插入语,插入语不影响主句的结构(主句主语是we,谓语是visited),只是对主语we进行补充说明;插入语通常用逗号与主句隔开。 3. one of + 复数名词:表示“……之一”,后面的名词需用复数形式,谓语动词用单数形式(此处one of the 15 heritage components表示“15个遗产构成部分之一”)。例:One of my friends is a doctor.(我的一个朋友是医生。) 8. “Involving _______________ (I) in building the wooden structure helped me better understand Chinese culture, which was truly valuable,” said a US student. 答案:myself 翻译:一名美国学生说:“参与木构建筑的搭建让我更好地了解了中国文化,这真的很有价值。” 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,主句为“a US student said”,引号内是宾语从句,宾语从句的主语是“involving _______________ (I) in building the wooden structure”(动名词短语作主语),谓语是helped。空格处作involving的宾语,且主语与宾语是同一人(“我参与”即“让我自己参与”),故用反身代词myself。注意:I是主格,不能作宾语;me是宾格,但此处强调“自身参与”,需用反身代词,故填myself。 核心知识点:1. 反身代词的用法:反身代词(myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves)表示“某人自己”,可作宾语、表语或同位语,强调主语和宾语是同一人。此处involving oneself in sth. 表示“参与某事、投身于某事”,是固定搭配,故用myself。例:He devoted himself to his work.(他全身心投入工作。)/ I hurt myself yesterday.(我昨天伤到自己了。) 2. 动名词短语作主语:“involving myself in building the wooden structure”是动名词短语,在宾语从句中作主语,动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式(此处helped是过去式,单数形式)。例:Reading books is good for us.(读书对我们有好处。) 3. involve的用法:involve doing sth. 表示“涉及做某事”;involve oneself in sth. 表示“参与某事”,例:The job involves working late.(这份工作需要加班。)/ She involved herself in community service.(她参与社区服务。) 4. 定语从句:which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个句子(“参与木构搭建让我更好了解中国文化”这件事),在从句中作主语。例:He passed the exam, which made his parents happy.(他通过了考试,这让他的父母很高兴。) 9. In October 2023, the Shanghai Astronomy Museum launched its first original immersive theater production, "Journey to the Edge of the Universe," as part of an initiative____________ (make) science education more engaging and accessible. 答案:to make 翻译:2023年10月,上海天文博物馆推出了首部原创沉浸式剧场作品《宇宙边缘之旅》,作为一项旨在让科学教育更具吸引力和可及性的举措的一部分。 详细解析:本句主句为“the Shanghai Astronomy Museum launched its first original immersive theater production”,逗号后“as part of an initiative...”作状语,表示“作为……的一部分”,空格处修饰名词initiative(举措),作后置定语,且表示“举措的目的是让科学教育更具吸引力和可及性”,故用不定式to make。注意:此处不定式作后置定语,相当于定语从句“an initiative that is to make...”,表目的,不能用现在分词making(making表主动、进行,不表目的)。 核心知识点:1. 不定式作后置定语:不定式(to do)作后置定语,修饰名词,可表示“要做的事、目的是……的事物”,通常放在被修饰的名词后面,相当于一个定语从句。例:I have a lot of work to do.(我有很多工作要做。)/ This is a plan to solve the problem.(这是一个解决问题的计划。) 2. 名词initiative的用法:initiative作名词时,表示“举措、倡议”,常用搭配“an initiative to do sth.”(一项做某事的举措),例:The government launched an initiative to protect the environment.(政府推出了一项保护环境的举措。) 3. engaging和accessible的用法:两者均为形容词,engaging表示“有吸引力的、引人入胜的”,accessible表示“可及的、易理解的”,此处用于修饰science education(科学教育),作宾语补足语(make sth. + 形容词,使某物变得……)。 4. 时间状语的用法:“In October 2023”是具体的过去时间,主句用一般过去时(launched),表示过去某个时间发生的动作。 10. Inspired by cutting-edge astronomical research and museum's collection of meteorite samples, the production combines live performances, 360-degree projection mapping, and interactive elements____________ (create) a unique educational experience. 答案:the; to create 翻译:受前沿天文研究和该博物馆陨石样本收藏的启发,这部作品结合了现场表演、360度投影映射和互动元素,以打造独特的教育体验。 详细解析:本句主句为“the production combines live performances, 360-degree projection mapping, and interactive elements”,逗号前为过去分词短语“Inspired by...”作状语(表被动,“作品被启发”),逗号后为不定式短语作目的状语。① 第一个空格:museum's collection(博物馆的收藏)特指前文提到的“the Shanghai Astronomy Museum”的收藏,故用定冠词the,表示特指;② 第二个空格:主句动作“combines”(结合)的目的是“打造独特的教育体验”,故用不定式to create作目的状语,表“为了、用来”。 核心知识点:1. 定冠词the的用法:the用于特指前文提到过的人或事物,此处museum特指前文的“the Shanghai Astronomy Museum”,故用the;若表泛指,用不定冠词a/an,此处不表泛指,故不用a。例:I have a book. The book is very interesting.(我有一本书,这本书很有趣。) 2. 过去分词作状语:“Inspired by...”是过去分词短语作状语,主语the production与inspire(启发)之间是被动关系(作品被前沿研究和陨石收藏启发),故用过去分词;类似结构:Seen from the top of the mountain, the city is beautiful.(从山顶看,这座城市很美。) 3. 不定式作目的状语:与第5题、第9题知识点一致,不定式to do作目的状语,表“为了做某事”,此处结合各种元素的目的是打造独特体验,故用to create。 4. 并列结构:“live performances, 360-degree projection mapping, and interactive elements”是三个并列的名词短语,作combines的宾语,并列成分之间用逗号隔开,最后一个成分前加and。 11. Along the way, they encounter explanations of gravitational waves, dark matter, and the cosmic microwave background—concepts ____________are typically difficult for non-experts to grasp. 答案:that/which 翻译:在这个过程中,他们会遇到关于引力波、暗物质和宇宙微波背景的解释——这些概念对于非专业人士来说通常很难理解。 详细解析:本句主句为“they encounter explanations of...”,破折号后面是“concepts”作前面“gravitational waves, dark matter, and the cosmic microwave background”的同位语,空格处引导定语从句,修饰先行词concepts(概念),且在从句中作主语,故用关系代词that或which。注意:先行词是物(concepts),在定语从句中作主语,可用that或which,不能用who(修饰人)或whom(修饰人,作宾语)。 核心知识点:1. 定语从句:关系代词that/which引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词concepts(物),在从句中作主语;当先行词是物时,关系代词可用that或which,两者在多数情况下可互换,但当先行词被最高级、序数词、不定代词修饰时,只能用that。例:This is the book that/which I bought yesterday.(这是我昨天买的书。)/ This is the best book that I have ever read.(这是我读过的最好的书。) 2. 同位语的用法:破折号后的concepts是前面三个名词(引力波、暗物质、宇宙微波背景)的同位语,用于概括说明这三个事物的属性(都是“概念”),后面的定语从句修饰concepts,而非前面的单个名词。 3. 固定句型“it is difficult for sb. to do sth.”:表示“对某人来说做某事很难”,此处从句中省略了it is,完整形式为“concepts that/which are typically difficult for non-experts to grasp”(= concepts that/which it is typically difficult for non-experts to grasp)。例:It is difficult for me to finish the work on time.(对我来说按时完成工作很难。) 12. The museum has also developed educational materials____________ (base) on the production for school groups, including worksheets and discussion guides. 答案:based 翻译:该博物馆还基于这部作品为学校团体开发了教育材料,包括练习题和讨论指南。 详细解析:本句主句为“The museum has also developed educational materials”,空格处修饰名词educational materials(教育材料),作后置定语,base(以……为基础)与educational materials之间是被动关系(材料被基于作品开发),故用过去分词based。固定搭配“be based on”表示“以……为基础”,此处是过去分词短语based on...作后置定语,省略了be动词,相当于定语从句“educational materials that are based on the production”。 核心知识点:1. 过去分词作后置定语:过去分词(-ed)作后置定语,修饰名词,表被动、完成关系,相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。例:The book written by Lu Xun is very famous.(鲁迅写的那本书很有名。)= The book that is written by Lu Xun is very famous. 2. 固定短语be based on:表示“以……为基础、基于……”,是高频短语,主语通常是物(材料、文章、理论等)。例:This novel is based on a true story.(这部小说基于一个真实的故事。) 3. 现在完成时的用法:主句用现在完成时(has developed),表示“从过去开始,持续到现在的动作”,强调动作对现在的影响(博物馆已经开发出了教育材料,现在可以供学校团体使用),常与already, also, yet等副词连用。 4. 现在分词短语作伴随状语:“including worksheets and discussion guides”是现在分词短语作伴随状语,including是介词,意为“包括”,后面接名词作宾语,相当于“which includes...”。例:There are 50 students in our class, including 25 girls.(我们班有50名学生,包括25名女生。) 13. In recent years, China's new energy vehicle (NEV) industry has experienced a sharp rise in growth,____________ (position) itself as a leader in the global industry. 答案:positioning 翻译:近年来,中国新能源汽车产业实现了迅猛增长,跻身全球产业领导者行列。 详细解析:本句主句为“China's new energy vehicle (NEV) industry has experienced a sharp rise in growth”,逗号后为现在分词短语作结果状语,表示主句动作(迅猛增长)带来的自然结果。主语“China's NEV industry”与动词position(使……处于某种位置、跻身)之间是主动关系(产业自身跻身领导者行列),故用现在分词positioning。注意:现在分词作结果状语,通常表示“自然结果”,而不定式作结果状语,通常表示“意外结果”,此处“跻身领导者行列”是“迅猛增长”的自然结果,故用positioning。 核心知识点:1. 现在分词作结果状语:现在分词(-ing)作结果状语,通常放在主句后面,表主动、自然结果,相当于“and thus...”。例:He fell off the bike, breaking his leg.(他从自行车上摔下来,摔断了腿。)(自然结果);不定式作结果状语表意外结果,例:He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.(他匆忙赶到车站,却发现火车已经开走了。)(意外结果) 2. 现在完成时的用法:“In recent years”(近年来)是现在完成时的标志词,表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态,主句用现在完成时(has experienced)。类似的标志词还有so far, up to now, since then等。例:In recent years, we have made great progress.(近年来,我们取得了很大进步。) 3. position的用法:position作动词时,表示“使……处于某种位置、定位”,常用搭配“position oneself as...”表示“将自己定位为……、跻身……”。例:The company positions itself as a leader in the IT industry.(该公司将自己定位为IT行业的领导者。) 14. Chinese companies have made significant progress in battery technology, motor____________ (efficient), and vehicle intelligence. 答案:efficiency 翻译:中国企业在电池技术、电机效率和车辆智能化方面取得了重大进展。 详细解析:本句主句为“Chinese companies have made significant progress”,“in battery technology, motor (efficient), and vehicle intelligence”是介词短语作状语,表示“在……方面”,其中battery technology(电池技术)、motor _______________、vehicle intelligence(车辆智能化)是三个并列的名词短语,作in的宾语,故空格处需用名词形式,efficient(高效的)是形容词,其名词形式为efficiency(效率),“motor efficiency”表示“电机效率”。 核心知识点:1. 词性转换:形容词变名词的规则,efficient(形容词,高效的)→ efficiency(名词,效率);类似的转换还有:different(形容词)→ difference(名词),important(形容词)→ importance(名词),happy(形容词)→ happiness(名词)。 2. 并列结构:“battery technology, motor efficiency, and vehicle intelligence”是三个并列的名词短语,作介词in的宾语,并列成分的词性需一致(均为名词短语),故此处需将形容词efficient改为名词efficiency,保证并列结构的一致性。 3. make progress in sth. 短语:固定搭配,表示“在……方面取得进步”,progress是不可数名词,不能加s,例:He has made great progress in English.(他在英语方面取得了很大进步。) 15. Drawing on large-scale production and cost control capabilities, Chinese manufacturers can offer high-quality NEVs ____________relatively low prices, which has enhanced their global competitiveness. 答案:at 翻译:依托大规模生产和成本控制能力,中国制造商能够以相对较低的价格提供高质量的新能源汽车,这提升了它们的全球竞争力。 详细解析:本句主句为“Chinese manufacturers can offer high-quality NEVs relatively low prices”,逗号前为现在分词短语“Drawing on...”作状语(表主动,“制造商依托……能力”),逗号后为which引导的非限制性定语从句。空格处考查固定搭配“at...prices”,表示“以……的价格”,故填at。注意:表示“价格”时,常用介词at,不能用in或with,例:We bought the book at a low price.(我们以低价买了这本书。) 核心知识点:1. 固定搭配at...prices:表示“以……的价格”,at后面接形容词(low, high, reasonable等)+ prices,是高频搭配。例:The clothes are sold at reasonable prices.(这些衣服以合理的价格出售。) 2. 现在分词作状语:“Drawing on...”是现在分词短语作状语,主语Chinese manufacturers与draw on(依托、利用)之间是主动关系,故用现在分词;draw on 表示“利用、依托”,相当于use, make use of。例:He draws on his experience to solve the problem.(他利用自己的经验解决问题。) 3. 非限制性定语从句:which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个主句(“中国制造商以低价提供高质量新能源汽车”这件事),在从句中作主语,从句谓语动词用单数形式(has enhanced)。 16. In 2025, BYD, led by a team including industry veteran Alfredo Altavilla,____________ (overtake) Tesla to become the world's largest electric vehicle seller, signaling a major shift in the global automotive landscape. 答案:overtook 翻译:2025年,由行业资深人士阿尔弗雷多·阿尔塔维拉领衔的团队领导的比亚迪,超越特斯拉成为全球最大的电动汽车销售商,这标志着全球汽车行业格局的重大转变。 详细解析:本句主句为“BYD (overtake) Tesla to become the world's largest electric vehicle seller”,“led by a team including industry veteran Alfredo Altavilla”是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰主语BYD(表示“被团队领导的比亚迪”),逗号后为现在分词短语signaling...作结果状语。时间状语“In 2025”是具体的过去时间(此处指未来的过去,即站在现在视角,2025年是过去时间),故主句用一般过去时,overtake(超越)的过去式为overtook。 核心知识点:1. 一般过去时的用法:一般过去时表示过去某个具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常与具体的过去时间状语(如in 2025, yesterday, last year, just now等)连用,谓语动词用过去式。overtake的过去式是不规则变化overtook,类似的不规则动词还有take→took, see→saw, go→went等。 2. 过去分词作后置定语:“led by a team...”是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰BYD,BYD与lead(领导)之间是被动关系(比亚迪被团队领导),相当于定语从句“BYD which is led by a team...”。 3. 现在分词作结果状语:与第13题知识点一致,signaling...是现在分词短语作结果状语,表示“超越特斯拉”带来的自然结果(标志着行业格局转变)。 4. 不定式作目的状语:“to become the world's largest electric vehicle seller”是不定式作目的状语,表示“超越特斯拉的目的是成为全球最大电动汽车销售商”。 举一反三题目(15道,长难句为主) 1. It is widely accepted that the value of a cultural relic lies not only in its appearance but also in _______________ it carries the historical memory and spiritual connotation of a nation. 答案:what 翻译:人们普遍认为,一件文物的价值不仅在于它的外观,还在于它所承载的一个民族的历史记忆和精神内涵。 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,核心结构是“It is widely accepted that...”(人们普遍认为……),it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。主语从句中,“not only...but also...”连接两个并列的介词短语“in its appearance”和“in _______________ it carries...”,空格处引导宾语从句,作介词in的宾语,且在从句中作carries(承载)的宾语(指代“承载的内容”),故用连接代词what。注意:此处不能用which,因为which引导宾语从句时需有明确的先行词,而此处无先行词,what可指代“……的东西/内容”,符合语境。 核心知识点:1. It is + 形容词 + that... 句型:固定结构,it为形式主语,that引导的主语从句为真正主语,常见形容词有accepted(公认的)、important(重要的)、necessary(必要的)、obvious(明显的)等。例:It is obvious that he is right.(很明显他是对的。) 2. not only...but also... 句型:连接两个并列的介词短语,表递进关系,遵循“就近原则”,此处连接两个in短语,不涉及主谓一致;若连接两个主语,谓语动词的单复数由靠近它的主语决定。例:Not only he but also I am a student.(不仅他,我也是一名学生。) 3. what引导宾语从句的用法:what是连接代词,可在宾语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,无先行词,指代“……的东西/内容”;此处作carries的宾语,符合语境。例:She doesn’t know what he needs.(她不知道他需要什么。) 4. lie in 短语:固定搭配,表示“在于”,后面接名词、代词或宾语从句,例:The beauty of the poem lies in its simplicity.(这首诗的美在于它的简洁。) 2. When _______________ (ask) about the secret of his success in protecting ancient buildings, the architect said that patience and professional knowledge were the key factors, which _______________ (help) him overcome numerous difficulties. 答案:asked; helped 翻译:当被问及在保护古建筑方面成功的秘诀时,这位建筑师说耐心和专业知识是关键因素,这些因素帮助他克服了无数困难。 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,主句为“the architect said that...”,that引导宾语从句,逗号前为时间状语从句的省略形式,逗号后为which引导的非限制性定语从句。① 第一个空格:时间状语从句中,主句主语the architect与动词ask(询问)之间是被动关系(建筑师被询问),且主从句主语一致、从句含be动词,故省略从句的主语和be动词,用过去分词asked,相当于“When he was asked...”;② 第二个空格:定语从句修饰先行词the key factors(复数),且主句时态为一般过去时(said),从句描述过去发生的动作,故用一般过去时helped。 核心知识点:1. 状语从句的省略:当时间、条件、让步等状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且从句含be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词,从句谓语用过去分词(被动关系)或现在分词(主动关系)。例:If (it is) necessary, I will help you.(如果有必要,我会帮你。)/ While (she was) studying, she fell asleep.(她学习时睡着了。) 2. 一般过去时的用法:主句said是一般过去时,从句(宾语从句、定语从句)描述过去的动作或状态,也用一般过去时,保持时态一致。例:He said he went to the park yesterday.(他说他昨天去公园了。) 3. 非限制性定语从句:which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the key factors(复数),在从句中作主语,谓语动词用复数形式(helped,过去式的复数形式与单数形式一致)。 4. 被动语态的省略:asked此处是过去分词,隐含被动语态,完整形式为“when he was asked”,省略后更简洁,是英语中常见的省略结构。 3. With the rapid development of AI technology, more and more schools are introducing intelligent teaching tools, _______________ (aim) to improve teaching efficiency and help students learn in a more personalized way. 答案:aiming 翻译:随着人工智能技术的快速发展,越来越多的学校正在引入智能教学工具,旨在提高教学效率,帮助学生以更个性化的方式学习。 详细解析:本句主句为“more and more schools are introducing intelligent teaching tools”,逗号前为“With the rapid development of...”(随着……的发展)作伴随状语,逗号后为现在分词短语作目的状语。主语“more and more schools”与动词aim(旨在、目的是)之间是主动关系(学校引入工具的目的是……),故用现在分词aiming。注意:aiming此处作目的状语,相当于“which aim to...”,也可理解为伴随状语,表主动关系;不能用不定式to aim,因为不定式作目的状语时,通常放在主句前面或后面,且前面不加逗号,此处用现在分词更符合长难句的表达习惯。 核心知识点:1. 现在分词作目的/伴随状语:现在分词短语aiming to...作状语,表主动关系,此处既可以看作目的状语(表“引入工具的目的”),也可以看作伴随状语(表“引入工具时伴随的目的”);现在分词作状语时,逻辑主语与主句主语一致(均为schools)。 2. With的复合结构:“With the rapid development of AI technology”是with的复合结构,用于表示“随着……”,结构为“with + 名词 + 介词短语”,常作状语,相当于as引导的时间状语从句(As AI technology develops rapidly...)。例:With the help of my teacher, I made great progress.(在老师的帮助下,我取得了很大进步。) 3. 现在进行时的用法:主句用现在进行时(are introducing),表示“当前正在进行的动作”(越来越多的学校正在引入工具),常与now, recently, with the development of...等语境连用。 4. aim的用法:aim to do sth. 表示“旨在做某事、目的是做某事”,例:The program aims to help poor children.(这个项目旨在帮助贫困儿童。);aim at doing sth. 也表示“旨在做某事”,与aim to do sth. 可互换,例:The policy aims at improving people’s living standards.(这项政策旨在提高人们的生活水平。) 4. The professor, who has devoted decades to studying ancient Chinese literature, told us that the classic works _______________ (pass) down from generation to generation are not only literary treasures but also carriers of traditional culture. 答案:passed 翻译:这位致力于研究中国古代文学数十年的教授告诉我们,代代相传的经典作品不仅是文学瑰宝,也是传统文化的载体。 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,主句为“The professor told us that...”,who引导非限制性定语从句修饰professor,that引导宾语从句作told的宾语。宾语从句中,“_______________ (pass) down from generation to generation”作后置定语,修饰先行词the classic works(经典作品),works与动词pass(传递)之间是被动关系(作品被代代相传),故用过去分词passed。注意:此处过去分词短语passed down...相当于定语从句“which are passed down...”,表被动、完成,不能用现在分词passing(passing表主动、进行,不符合“代代相传”的语境)。 核心知识点:1. 过去分词作后置定语:与第12题知识点一致,过去分词(-ed)作后置定语,修饰名词,表被动、完成关系,相当于被动语态的定语从句。例:The letters written by my father are very precious.(我父亲写的信非常珍贵。) 2. 非限制性定语从句:who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the professor(人),在从句中作主语,从句时态为现在完成时(has devoted),表示“从过去持续到现在的动作”(教授数十年一直致力于研究)。 3. 现在完成时的用法:“has devoted decades to studying”中,现在完成时表示动作从过去开始,持续到现在,常与for decades, for years等时间状语连用;devote...to... 固定搭配,表示“致力于……”,to是介词,后面接动名词(studying)。 4. pass down 短语:固定搭配,表示“传递、传承”,常用被动语态“be passed down”(被传递),例:These traditions have been passed down for hundreds of years.(这些传统已经传承了数百年。) 5. It is important that we should attach great importance to protecting cultural heritage, because it is _______________ we can find the roots of our nation and inherit our spiritual wealth. 答案:where 翻译:我们重视保护文化遗产是很重要的,因为这里是我们能找到民族根源、传承精神财富的地方。 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,主句为“It is important that...”,that引导主语从句(it为形式主语),because引导原因状语从句。原因状语从句中,空格处引导表语从句,作系动词is的表语,且在从句中作地点状语(表示“在文化遗产中”),故用连接副词where。注意:where引导表语从句时,强调“……的地方”,从句用陈述语序;此处不能用what(what在表语从句中作主语/宾语,此处不缺主宾),也不能用that(that引导表语从句时,无实际意义,不作句子成分,不符合语境)。 核心知识点:1. It is important that... 句型:固定结构,it为形式主语,that引导的主语从句为真正主语,从句中常用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形,should可省略),例:It is important that we (should) study hard.(我们努力学习是很重要的。) 2. attach importance to sth. 短语:固定搭配,表示“重视某事”,to是介词,后面接名词、代词或动名词,例:We should attach importance to environmental protection.(我们应该重视环境保护。) 3. where引导表语从句的用法:where是连接副词,引导表语从句时,在从句中作地点状语,表示“……的地方”,从句用陈述语序。例:This is where I was born.(这是我出生的地方。)/ The question is where we can find the solution.(问题是我们在哪里能找到解决办法。) 4. because引导原因状语从句:because表示“因为”,引导原因状语从句,回答why提出的问题,语气较强,不能与so连用(主句和从句不能同时用because和so)。 6. By the end of last year, the team of researchers _______________ (complete) the study on the preservation of ancient pagodas, which provided valuable data for future protection work. 答案:had completed 翻译:到去年年底,研究团队已经完成了对古佛塔保护的研究,这为未来的保护工作提供了宝贵的数据。 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,主句为“the team of researchers _______________ (complete) the study...”,逗号后为which引导的非限制性定语从句。时间状语“By the end of last year”(到去年年底)是过去完成时的标志词,表示“截止到过去某个时间点,动作已经完成”,故主句用过去完成时,结构为“had + 过去分词”,complete(完成)的过去分词为completed,故填had completed。注意:过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,此处“完成研究”发生在“去年年底”之前,是“过去的过去”,故用had completed,不能用一般过去时completed(一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作,不强调“完成”)。 核心知识点:1. 过去完成时的用法:过去完成时表示“过去的过去”,即动作发生在另一个过去动作之前,常与by the end of + 过去时间、before + 过去时间、when + 一般过去时等标志词连用,结构为“had + 过去分词”。例:By the time he arrived, we had already left.(他到达时,我们已经离开了。) 2. 时间状语“by the end of...”的用法:by the end of + 过去时间,用过去完成时;by the end of + 现在时间,用现在完成时;by the end of + 将来时间,用将来完成时。例:By the end of this year, we will have finished the project.(到今年年底,我们将完成这个项目。) 3. 非限制性定语从句:which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个主句(“研究团队完成研究”这件事),在从句中作主语,从句用一般过去时(provided),与主句的过去完成时形成时态对比(先完成研究,再提供数据)。 4. complete的用法:complete作动词时,表示“完成”,过去式和过去分词均为completed;作形容词时,表示“完整的、彻底的”,例:a complete set of books(一套完整的书)。 7. _______________ (equip) with modern technology, the new museum is able to show cultural relics in a more vivid way, allowing visitors to have a better understanding of history. 答案:Equipped 翻译:配备了现代技术,这座新博物馆能够以更生动的方式展示文物,让游客更好地了解历史。 详细解析:本句主句为“the new museum is able to show cultural relics in a more vivid way”,逗号前为过去分词短语“_______________ (equip) with modern technology”作状语,逗号后为现在分词短语allowing...作结果状语。主语“the new museum”与动词equip(配备)之间是被动关系(博物馆被配备现代技术),故用过去分词Equipped,固定搭配“be equipped with”表示“配备有……”,此处省略be动词,用过去分词短语作状语。注意:开头首字母需大写,不能用Equipping(Equipping表主动,不符合“博物馆被配备”的语境)。 核心知识点:1. 过去分词作状语:与第10题、第12题知识点一致,过去分词短语作状语,表被动关系,逻辑主语与主句主语一致(均为the new museum),相当于“Because it is equipped with modern technology”。 2. 固定短语be equipped with:表示“配备有……、装有……”,主语通常是物(设备、建筑、工具等),例:The lab is equipped with advanced instruments.(这个实验室配备了先进的仪器。) 3. 现在分词作结果状语:allowing...是现在分词短语作结果状语,表示“博物馆能够生动展示文物”带来的自然结果(让游客更好了解历史),与第13题、第16题知识点一致。 4. 不定式作宾语补足语:“allow visitors to have a better understanding of history”中,allow sb. to do sth. 是固定搭配,表示“允许某人做某事”,不定式to do作宾语补足语。 8. We wonder _______________ the ancient city was abandoned suddenly thousands of years ago and what caused the people living there to leave their homes. 答案:why 翻译:我们想知道,这座古城为什么在数千年前突然被遗弃,以及是什么导致住在那里的人们离开家园。 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,主句为“We wonder”,后面接两个并列的宾语从句(由and连接):“_______________ the ancient city was abandoned suddenly thousands of years ago”和“what caused the people...to leave their homes”。第一个宾语从句中,空格处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作原因状语(表示“为什么被遗弃”),故用连接副词why。注意:why引导宾语从句时,从句用陈述语序,此处从句为被动语态(was abandoned),符合“古城被遗弃”的语境;不能用how(how表方式)或when(when表时间),不符合句意。 核心知识点:1. why引导宾语从句的用法:why是连接副词,引导宾语从句时,在从句中作原因状语,表示“为什么”,从句用陈述语序。例:I don’t know why he was late.(我不知道他为什么迟到。)/ She asked why we didn’t come.(她问我们为什么没来。) 2. 并列宾语从句:and连接两个并列的宾语从句,作wonder的宾语,两个从句均用陈述语序;第一个从句为被动语态(was abandoned),第二个从句为主动语态(caused),时态均为一般过去时(描述数千年前发生的动作)。 3. 被动语态的用法:“the ancient city was abandoned”是一般过去时的被动语态,结构为“was/were + 过去分词”,表示“过去某个时间被发生的动作”,abandon的过去分词为abandoned。 4. 现在分词作后置定语:“living there”是现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰先行词the people,people与live之间是主动关系(人们住在那里),相当于定语从句“who lived there”。 9. The number of people who are interested in learning traditional Chinese calligraphy _______________ (increase) steadily in recent years, showing that more and more people are paying attention to cultural inheritance. 答案:has increased 翻译:近年来,对学习中国传统书法感兴趣的人数一直在稳步增加,这表明越来越多的人开始关注文化传承。 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,主句为“The number of people _______________ (increase) steadily in recent years”,who引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词people,逗号后为现在分词短语showing...作结果状语。① 主语是“The number of people”(……的人数),the number of 表示“……的数量”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;② 时间状语“in recent years”(近年来)是现在完成时的标志词,故用现在完成时has increased。注意:不能用have increased(the number of 作主语,谓语用单数),也不能用is increasing(现在进行时表示当前正在进行的动作,不强调“从过去持续到现在”)。 核心知识点:1. the number of 与a number of 的区别:① the number of + 复数名词,表示“……的数量”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数;② a number of + 复数名词,表示“许多、大量”,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例:The number of students is 50.(学生的数量是50人。)/ A number of students are reading.(许多学生在读书。) 2. 现在完成时的用法:与第13题、第14题知识点一致,“in recent years”是现在完成时的标志词,表示动作从过去持续到现在,主句用现在完成时(has increased)。 3. 限制性定语从句:who引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词people(人),在从句中作主语,从句用一般现在时(are interested),表示“当前的状态”(人们对书法感兴趣)。 4. be interested in doing sth. 短语:固定搭配,表示“对做某事感兴趣”,in是介词,后面接动名词(learning),例:She is interested in playing the piano.(她对弹钢琴感兴趣。) 10. It is reported that a new cultural center _______________ (build) in our city next year, which will be used to display local cultural relics and hold cultural activities. 答案:will be built 翻译:据报道,我们城市明年将建一座新的文化中心,它将用于展示当地文物和举办文化活动。 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,核心结构是“It is reported that...”(据报道……),it是形式主语,that引导的主语从句为真正主语,逗号后为which引导的非限制性定语从句。① 主语从句中,主语“a new cultural center”与动词build(建造)之间是被动关系(文化中心被建造);② 时间状语“next year”(明年)是一般将来时的标志词,故用一般将来时的被动语态will be built。注意:不能用will build(主动语态,不符合“文化中心被建造”的语境),也不能用is built(一般现在时的被动语态,不表示将来)。 核心知识点:1. It is reported that... 句型:固定搭配,“据报道……”,it为形式主语,that引导的主语从句为真正主语,类似结构还有It is said/announced/expected that...(据说/据宣布/预计……)。 2. 一般将来时的被动语态:结构为“will be + 过去分词”,表示“将来某个时间会被发生的动作”,常与next year, tomorrow, in the future等将来时间状语连用。例:A new bridge will be built over the river next year.(明年这条河上将建一座新桥。) 3. 非限制性定语从句:which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a new cultural center,在从句中作主语,从句用一般将来时(will be used),与主语从句的时态一致(均为将来时)。 4. be used to do sth. 短语:固定搭配,表示“被用来做某事”,是被动语态;注意与“be used to doing sth.”(习惯于做某事)区分开。例:The knife is used to cut things.(这把刀被用来切东西。)/ He is used to getting up early.(他习惯于早起。) 11. No matter how difficult it is, we will stick to our goal of protecting cultural heritage, because we believe _______________ efforts we make, we will eventually achieve what we want. 答案:whatever 翻译:无论多么困难,我们都会坚持保护文化遗产的目标,因为我们相信,无论我们付出多少努力,我们最终都会实现我们想要的。 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,主句为“we will stick to our goal of protecting cultural heritage”,No matter how引导让步状语从句,because引导原因状语从句,原因状语从句中又包含一个让步状语从句“_______________ efforts we make”和一个宾语从句“we will eventually achieve what we want”。空格处引导让步状语从句,修饰名词efforts(努力),表示“无论多少努力”,故用连接形容词whatever(无论什么、无论多少),相当于“no matter what”。注意:whatever修饰名词,后面接名词(efforts);而however修饰形容词或副词,此处efforts是名词,故用whatever,不能用however。 核心知识点:1. whatever引导让步状语从句的用法:whatever是连接形容词,引导让步状语从句,修饰名词,相当于“no matter what + 名词”,表示“无论什么……”,从句用陈述语序。例:Whatever difficulties we meet, we will never give up.(无论我们遇到什么困难,我们都不会放弃。) 2. whatever与however的区别:① whatever 修饰名词,后面接名词;② however 修饰形容词或副词,后面接形容词/副词。例:However difficult it is, we will keep trying.(无论多么困难,我们都会继续努力。)/ Whatever problems you have, I can help you.(无论你有什么问题,我都能帮你。) 3. stick to 短语:固定搭配,表示“坚持”,后面接名词、代词或动名词,例:He sticks to his opinion.(他坚持自己的观点。)/ She sticks to studying every day.(她坚持每天学习。) 4. what引导宾语从句:“what we want”是宾语从句,作achieve的宾语,what在从句中作want的宾语,指代“我们想要的东西”,与第1题、第19题知识点一致。 12. The scientist spent years researching the mystery of the universe, and his efforts _______________ (pay) off finally when he made a great discovery about black holes. 答案:paid 翻译:这位科学家花了数年时间研究宇宙的奥秘,当他在黑洞方面取得重大发现时,他的努力终于得到了回报。 详细解析:本句为并列复合句,由and连接两个分句,第二个分句中又包含when引导的时间状语从句。① 第一个分句时态为一般过去时(spent),表示“过去花了数年时间”;② 第二个分句中,时间状语从句时态为一般过去时(made),主句动作“pay off”(得到回报)与从句动作“made a great discovery”同时发生,或在从句动作之后发生,故主句也用一般过去时,pay的过去式为paid。注意:pay off 是不及物动词短语,没有被动语态,不能用were paid off;现在完成时(has paid off)不符合语境,因为此处强调“过去某个时间得到回报”,而非“从过去持续到现在”。 核心知识点:1. 一般过去时的用法:并列句中,两个分句描述过去发生的动作,时态保持一致,第一个分句spent是一般过去时,第二个分句也用一般过去时paid。 2. pay off 短语:固定搭配,表示“得到回报、取得成功”,是不及物动词短语,无被动语态,主语通常是efforts, hard work等。例:All his hard work paid off in the end.(他所有的努力最终都得到了回报。) 3. spend的用法:spend...doing sth. 固定搭配,表示“花费……做某事”,例:He spent two hours doing his homework.(他花了两个小时做作业。);spend...on sth. 表示“在某事/某物上花费……”,例:She spent a lot of money on books.(她在书上花了很多钱。) 4. when引导时间状语从句:when表示“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句也用一般过去时,表示“过去某个时间发生的动作”。 13. We are supposed to respect the cultural differences between different countries, because each culture has its own characteristics and _______________ (value) that should be cherished by all of us. 答案:values 翻译:我们应该尊重不同国家之间的文化差异,因为每种文化都有其自身的特点和值得我们所有人珍惜的价值。 详细解析:本句为主从复合句,主句为“We are supposed to respect the cultural differences between different countries”,because引导原因状语从句。原因状语从句中,“its own characteristics and _______________ (value)”是并列结构,characteristics(特点)是复数形式,为保持并列结构的一致性,空格处也需用复数形式,value(价值)的复数形式为values(此处表示“多种价值”)。注意:value作“价值”讲时,是可数名词,复数形式values表示“多种价值、价值观”;此处与characteristics并列,故用复数values,不能用单数value。 核心知识点:1. 可数名词的单复数:value作“价值”讲时,是可数名词,单数表示“一种价值”,复数表示“多种价值、价值观”;此处与复数名词characteristics并列,故用复数values。例:The book has great value.(这本书有很大的价值。)/ Different cultures have different values.(不同的文化有不同的价值观。) 2. 并列结构的一致性:并列成分的词性、单复数需保持一致,此处“characteristics(复数)and values(复数)”是并列的名词短语,作has的宾语,符合并列结构的要求。 3. be supposed to do sth. 短语:固定搭配,表示“应该做某事”,相当于should do sth.,例:We are supposed to be on time.(我们应该准时。) 4. 定语从句:“that should be cherished by all of us”是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“characteristics and values”(复数),关系代词that在从句中作主语,从句用被动语态(should be cherished),表示“被珍惜”。 14. _______________ (know) that cultural heritage is the treasure of human civilization, we should take active measures to protect it and pass it down to the next generation. 答案:Knowing 翻译:知道文化遗产是人类文明的瑰宝,我们应该采取积极措施保护它,并将它传承给下一代。 详细解析:本句主句为“we should take active measures to protect it and pass it down to the next generation”,逗号前为现在分词短语“_______________ (know) that...”作原因状语。主语“we”与动词know(知道)之间是主动关系(我们知道),故用现在分词Knowing,此处相当于“Because we know that...”,现在分词短语作原因状语,表主动、伴随。注意:开头首字母需大写,不能用Known(Known表被动,不符合“我们知道”的语境);也不能用To know(不定式作原因状语时,通常放在主句后面,且前面不加逗号)。 核心知识点:1. 现在分词作原因状语:现在分词短语作原因状语,表主动关系,逻辑主语与主句主语一致(均为we),通常放在主句前面,逗号隔开,相当于because引导的原因状语从句。例:Knowing he was ill, I went to see him.(知道他生病了,我去看了他。)= Because I knew he was ill, I went to see him. 2. 现在分词与不定式作状语的区别:① 现在分词作原因状语,通常放在主句前面,表主动、伴随;② 不定式作原因状语,通常放在主句后面,表“出乎意料的原因”或“目的”。例:I was surprised to hear the news.(听到这个消息,我很惊讶。)(不定式作原因状语,表出乎意料) 3. take measures to do sth. 短语:固定搭配,表示“采取措施做某事”,例:The government took measures to control pollution.(政府采取措施控制污染。) 4. pass down 短语:固定搭配,表示“传承、传递”,此处pass it down to the next generation表示“将它传承给下一代”,与第4题、第23题知识点一致。 15. It is not until we realize the importance of cultural heritage _______________ we will take real action to protect it, instead of just talking about it. 答案:that 翻译:直到我们意识到文化遗产的重要性,我们才会采取真正的行动去保护它,而不仅仅是谈论它。 详细解析:本句为强调句型,核心结构是“It is not until...that...”(直到……才……),用于强调时间状语“not until we realize the importance of cultural heritage”。强调句型的基本结构是“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分”,此处被强调的是时间状语,故用that,不能用who(who用于强调人)。注意:强调句型中,去掉“It is/was + that/who”,句子仍然完整,此处去掉后为“Not until we realize the importance of cultural heritage will we take real action to protect it...”(否定词not until置于句首,主句用部分倒装),句子结构完整,符合强调句型的特点。 核心知识点:1. 强调句型“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分”:用于强调句子的主语、宾语、状语(时间、地点、原因等),被强调部分是人时,可用who或that;被强调部分是物或状语时,只能用that。例:It was he who/that helped me.(是他帮助了我。)(强调人)/ It was yesterday that I met him.(是昨天我遇到了他。)(强调时间状语) 2. not until 用于强调句型:“It is not until...that...”表示“直到……才……”,until后面接时间状语(从句或短语),that后面的主句不用倒装(若not until置于句首,主句需用部分倒装,强调句型中无需倒装)。例:It is not until midnight that he went to bed.(直到午夜他才睡觉。) 3. instead of 短语:固定搭配,表示“而不是”,后面接名词、代词或动名词,例:He went to work instead of staying at home.(他去上班了,而不是待在家里。) 4. realize的用法:realize作动词,表示“意识到、认识到”,后面可接名词、代词或that从句,例:I realize my mistake.(我意识到了我的错误。)/ She realized that she was wrong.(她意识到自己错了。) 第二组 1. there are challenges such as trade barriers in the US and EU markets, Chinese NEV brands are actively exploring overseas markets and enhancing their global presence through technology export and international collaboration. 答案:Although/Though/While 翻译:尽管美国和欧盟市场存在贸易壁垒等挑战,但中国新能源汽车品牌正积极开拓海外市场,并通过技术出口和国际合作提升其全球影响力。 详细解析:观察题干可知,前后两个分句存在“转折关系”——前半句讲“存在挑战”,后半句讲“品牌积极开拓市场”,空格处需填一个引导让步状语从句的连词。结合句意,“尽管、虽然”符合逻辑,故填Although/Though/While(三者可互换,注意首字母大写)。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 让步状语从句的引导词:最常用的有Although、Though、While,三者用法区别如下: ① Although:语气较强,可置于句首或句中,不能与but连用(但可与yet、still连用),例:Although he is tired, he still keeps working.(尽管他很累,还是继续工作。) ② Though:语气较弱,可置于句首、句中或句末,同样不能与but连用,可与yet、still连用,例:He is tired, though he still keeps working.(他很累,但还是继续工作。) ③ While:语气介于Although和Though之间,可置于句首或句中,强调“对比”,除了表让步,还可表“当……时候”“然而”,例:While he is good at math, his sister is good at English.(尽管他擅长数学,他妹妹却擅长英语。) 2. 常见固定搭配:such as 表示“例如”,用来列举同类人或事物的部分例子,区别于for example(通常用于句首或句中,用逗号隔开,只举一个例子),例:I like fruits such as apples, bananas and oranges.(我喜欢水果,比如苹果、香蕉和橙子。) 3. 重点短语:explore overseas markets(开拓海外市场)、enhance global presence(提升全球影响力)、technology export(技术出口)、international collaboration(国际合作)。 2. The performers use their skills to guide the puppets, leading the audience into a world (fill) with myths and legends, explains Chen Lei, a shadow puppetry performer participating in the exhibition. 答案:filled 翻译:参与展览的皮影戏演员陈磊解释说,表演者们运用技巧操控木偶,将观众带入一个充满神话和传说的世界。 详细解析:空格处修饰名词world,且world与fill之间是“被动关系”——“世界被充满神话和传说”,故用过去分词作后置定语。fill的过去分词是filled,固定搭配be filled with = be full of(充满……),此处省略be动词,直接用filled作后置定语。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 过去分词作后置定语:当名词与后置定语的动词之间是“被动关系”时,用过去分词;若为主动关系,用现在分词。例:a book written by Lu Xun(一本鲁迅写的书,book与write是被动关系,用written);a boy running on the playground(一个在操场跑步的男孩,boy与run是主动关系,用running)。 2. 固定搭配:be filled with = be full of,两者可互换,均表示“充满……”,例:The bottle is filled with water. = The bottle is full of water.(瓶子里装满了水。) 3. 非谓语动词作伴随状语:句中leading the audience...是现在分词作伴随状语,逻辑主语是the performers,performers与lead是主动关系,故用现在分词,表“伴随动作”——表演者操控木偶的同时,将观众带入另一个世界。 4. 同位语用法:a shadow puppetry performer participating in the exhibition是Chen Lei的同位语,用来补充说明Chen Lei的身份;participating in the exhibition是现在分词作后置定语,修饰performer(performer与participate是主动关系)。 3. “A skilled performer always (try) to make the performance touching, not just by the skills, also by the deep connection with the story.” 答案:tries; but 翻译:“一名技艺精湛的表演者总是努力让表演感人,不仅仅是通过技巧,还通过与故事的深度联结。” 详细解析:第一空,主语a skilled performer是第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时(always是一般现在时的标志词),故谓语动词try需变第三人称单数tries;第二空,结合句意“不仅仅是……,还……”,固定搭配not just...but also...(不仅……而且……),故填but(also可省略,此处题干已给出also,只需填but)。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 一般现在时的主谓一致:当主语是第三人称单数(如he、she、it、单数名词、不可数名词)时,谓语动词需加-s/-es。try的第三人称单数是tries(以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i加-es),类似单词:study→studies、carry→carries。 2. 固定搭配:not just...but (also)...,表示“不仅……而且……”,连接两个并列的成分(此处连接两个by短语),also可省略。注意:连接两个主语时,谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”,例:Not just he but also his parents are fond of music.(不仅他,他的父母也喜欢音乐,谓语动词随his parents用复数)。 3. 使役动词make的用法:make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语,此处宾语补足语是touching(形容词),表示“使……处于某种状态”,例:make the room clean(使房间干净)、make her happy(让她开心)。注意:touching(令人感动的)修饰物,touched(感动的)修饰人,例:The performance is touching.(表演令人感动。)She is touched by the performance.(她被表演感动了。) 4. Lin says that the unique shapes of the shadow puppets, the beauty in the (careful) arranged storylines, and the cultural meanings behind each character inspired artists to create paintings, sculptures, digital artworks for the exhibition. 答案:carefully; and 翻译:林说,皮影戏独特的造型、精心安排的故事情节中蕴含的美感,以及每个人物背后的文化内涵,启发了艺术家们为展览创作绘画、雕塑和数字艺术品。 详细解析:第一空,空格处修饰动词arranged(安排),修饰动词需用副词,careful的副词形式是carefully(仔细地、精心地);第二空,空格前的paintings(绘画)、sculptures(雕塑)和空格后的digital artworks(数字艺术品)是并列关系,故用and连接,表“和”。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 形容词与副词的转换及用法:形容词修饰名词,副词修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。careful(形容词,修饰名词)→ carefully(副词,修饰动词),类似单词:quick→quickly、slow→slowly、happy→happily。例:a careful student(一个细心的学生,修饰名词);He writes carefully.(他写得很细心,修饰动词)。 2. 并列结构:and用于连接两个或多个并列的名词、动词、形容词等,表“并列关系”。此处连接三个并列的名词短语(paintings, sculptures, and digital artworks),注意并列成分最后一个前面加and(即“A, B, and C”结构),这是英语中的规范表达。 3. 宾语从句:Lin says that...中,that引导宾语从句,作says的宾语,that可省略(此处题干保留that,无需改动);宾语从句的主语是三个并列的名词短语(the unique shapes..., the beauty..., and the cultural meanings...),谓语动词是inspired(一般过去时,表过去发生的动作)。 4. 固定搭配:inspire sb. to do sth.(启发/鼓励某人做某事),例:His words inspired me to keep going.(他的话启发我继续前进。) 5. These works aim to let more people appreciate the charm of Chinese shadow puppetry in the context of modern art, (bridge) the gap between tradition and modernity. 答案:bridging 翻译:这些作品旨在让更多人在现代艺术的语境下欣赏中国皮影戏的魅力,弥合传统与现代之间的鸿沟。 详细解析:空格处是非谓语动词,逻辑主语是these works(这些作品),works与bridge(弥合)之间是“主动关系”——“作品弥合鸿沟”,故用现在分词作伴随状语,表“伴随动作”,即“作品旨在让人们欣赏魅力的同时,弥合传统与现代的鸿沟”,bridge的现在分词是bridging。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 现在分词作伴随状语:当非谓语动词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致,且两者是主动关系时,用现在分词,表“伴随、结果、原因”等。此处表伴随,即两个动作同时发生(aim to do和bridge同时存在)。例:He sat by the window, reading a book.(他坐在窗边,读着一本书,reading作伴随状语)。 2. 固定搭配:aim to do sth.(旨在做某事、目的是做某事),同义短语:aim at doing sth.,例:The project aims to help the poor. = The project aims at helping the poor.(这个项目旨在帮助穷人。) 3. 重点短语:appreciate the charm of(欣赏……的魅力)、in the context of(在……的语境下)、bridge the gap between...and...(弥合……与……之间的鸿沟),gap此处意为“鸿沟、差距”,还可表示“缝隙”,例:the gap between rich and poor(贫富差距)。 4. 非谓语动词辨析:现在分词(doing)表主动、进行;过去分词(done)表被动、完成;不定式(to do)表目的、将来。此处表伴随动作,主动关系,故用doing。 6. (combine) traditional paper-cutting techniques with features of various painting forms, such as Chinese painting and oil painting, Li has created her own art style: multi-layered, colored paper-cutting. 答案:Combining 翻译:李将传统剪纸技艺与多种绘画形式的特点(如中国画和油画)相结合,创造出了自己的艺术风格——多层彩色剪纸。 详细解析:空格处是非谓语动词,逻辑主语是Li(李),Li与combine(结合)之间是“主动关系”——“李结合技艺和特点”,故用现在分词作状语,表“方式、伴随”,放在句首,首字母大写,combine的现在分词是Combining。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 现在分词作状语:当非谓语动词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致,且为主动关系时,用现在分词,可置于句首、句中或句末,表方式、原因、伴随、时间等。此处表方式,即“通过结合技艺和特点,李创造了自己的风格”。例:Working hard, he passed the exam.(通过努力学习,他通过了考试,working作方式状语)。 2. 固定搭配:combine A with B(将A与B相结合),同义短语:connect A with B、link A with B,区别:combine强调“融合、结合在一起”,connect强调“连接(物理或逻辑上)”,link强调“关联、联系”。例:Combine theory with practice.(将理论与实践相结合。) 3. 同位语补充:multi-layered, colored paper-cutting是her own art style的同位语,用来具体说明她的艺术风格,其中multi-layered(多层的)、colored(彩色的)是形容词作定语,修饰paper-cutting。 4. 插入语用法:such as Chinese painting and oil painting是插入语,用来列举various painting forms(多种绘画形式)的例子,插入语可省略,不影响句子主干。 7. Each layer of the whole paper-cutting piece, which is made from the paper of one single colored sheet, can (view) as a complete single-layer paper-cutting artwork. 答案:be viewed 翻译:整幅剪纸作品的每一层都是用一张单色纸制作而成的,每一层都可以被视为一幅完整的单层剪纸艺术品。 详细解析:空格处是谓语动词,主语each layer(每一层)与view(视为、看作)之间是“被动关系”——“每一层被视为艺术品”,故用被动语态;情态动词can后面接动词原形,被动语态的结构是“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”,view的过去分词是viewed,故填be viewed。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 被动语态的构成及用法:被动语态表示“动作的承受者”,结构为“be + 过去分词”,不同时态的被动语态需变化be动词的形式。此处有情态动词can,故用“can + be + 过去分词”,类似:must be done(必须被做)、should be done(应该被做)。例:The letter can be sent tomorrow.(这封信可以明天寄出去。) 2. 固定搭配:be viewed as = be regarded as = be considered as(被视为、被看作),三者可互换,例:He is viewed as a great scientist.(他被视为一位伟大的科学家。) 3. 定语从句:which is made from...是定语从句,修饰先行词each layer,which在从句中作主语;be made from与be made of的区别:be made from(由……制成,看不出原材料),be made of(由……制成,能看出原材料),例:Paper is made from wood.(纸由木头制成,看不出原材料);The table is made of wood.(桌子由木头制成,能看出原材料)。 4. 主谓一致:each layer是单数,故定语从句中的be动词用is,主句中的情态动词can不受主语单复数影响,后面接动词原形。 8. oil painter was deeply impressed by the completed paper-cutting artwork, saying that Li’s artwork was better than his (origin) painting. 答案:An; original 翻译:一位油画家被这幅完成的剪纸作品深深打动,他说李的作品比他自己的原创画作还要好。 详细解析:第一空,oil painter是可数名词单数,此处表示“一位油画家”,且oil以元音音素/ɔɪ/开头,故用不定冠词An(首字母大写);第二空,空格处修饰名词painting(画作),修饰名词需用形容词,origin(名词,起源、源头)的形容词形式是original(原创的、原始的),符合句意“他的原创画作”。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 不定冠词a/an的用法:a用于以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前,an用于以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前(注意:是“元音音素”,不是“元音字母”)。例:a book(辅音音素/b/)、an apple(元音音素/æ/)、an hour(元音音素/aʊ/,h不发音)、a university(辅音音素/ju:/)。此处oil以元音音素/ɔɪ/开头,故用an,句首首字母大写为An。 2. 名词与形容词的转换:origin(名词)→ original(形容词,原创的、原始的),类似单词:nature→natural、culture→cultural、nation→national。例:original works(原创作品)、natural beauty(自然之美)。 3. 固定搭配:be impressed by(被……打动、对……印象深刻),例:I was deeply impressed by her kindness.(我被她的善良深深打动。) 4. 比较级结构:better than(比……更好),是形容词good的比较级,good→better→best;than后面接比较对象,此处his original painting与Li’s artwork进行比较,注意比较对象的一致性(都是“作品”)。 9. The robots, (equip) with advanced sensors, could mimic the subtle movements of Tai Chi with remarkable (precise). 答案:equipped; precision 翻译:这些配备了先进传感器的机器人,能够以极高的精准度模仿太极的细微动作。 详细解析:第一空,空格处是非谓语动词,逻辑主语是the robots(机器人),robots与equip(配备)之间是“被动关系”——“机器人被配备传感器”,故用过去分词作后置定语,equip的过去分词是equipped,固定搭配be equipped with(配备有……),此处省略be动词,直接用equipped;第二空,空格处前面有形容词remarkable(非凡的、显著的),形容词修饰名词,故填precise(形容词,精准的)的名词形式precision(精准度)。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 过去分词作后置定语:当名词与后置定语的动词是被动关系时,用过去分词,此处equipped with advanced sensors修饰robots,相当于定语从句which are equipped with advanced sensors(可省略which are)。例:a man dressed in black(一个穿黑衣服的男人,man与dress是被动关系,用dressed)。 2. 固定搭配:be equipped with(配备有……),例:The lab is equipped with advanced equipment.(这个实验室配备了先进的设备。) 3. 形容词与名词的转换:precise(形容词,精准的)→ precision(名词,精准度),类似单词:accurate→accuracy(准确性)、efficient→efficiency(效率)、patient→patience(耐心)。 4. 重点短语:mimic the subtle movements(模仿细微动作)、advanced sensors(先进传感器)、with remarkable precision(以极高的精准度),with后面接名词,表“凭借、用……”。 10. Experts say this performance signals a new era where technology serves not just as a tool, as a partner in cultural inheritance. 答案:but 翻译:专家表示,这场表演标志着一个新时代的到来——在这个时代,技术不仅仅作为一种工具,还作为文化传承的伙伴发挥作用。 详细解析:结合句意“不仅仅作为工具,还作为伙伴”,固定搭配not just...but (also)...(不仅……而且……),此处题干已给出not just as a tool和as a partner,中间需填but,连接两个并列的as短语,also可省略,符合语境。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 固定搭配not just...but (also)...:重复题干3的知识点,重点补充:该短语连接两个并列的成分(此处是两个as短语as a tool和as a partner),当连接两个介词短语时,also可省略,结构更简洁。例:She works not just in the office, but at home.(她不仅在办公室工作,还在家工作。) 2. 定语从句:where technology serves...是定语从句,修饰先行词a new era(一个新时代),where在从句中作地点状语,相当于in which,即a new era in which technology serves...。例:This is the city where I was born.(这是我出生的城市,where = in which)。 3. 重点短语:signal a new era(标志一个新时代的到来)、serve as(作为……发挥作用、充当……)、cultural inheritance(文化传承),inheritance是名词,动词形式是inherit(继承),例:inherit culture(继承文化)。 4. 宾语从句:Experts say that...中,that引导宾语从句,that可省略(此处题干省略了that,符合语法规范)。 11. This innovative approach makes culture (access) to the younger generation. 答案:accessible 翻译:这种创新的方法使文化对年轻一代来说变得可接触、可理解。 详细解析:空格处是宾语补足语,结合固定搭配make + 宾语 + 形容词(使宾语处于某种状态),此处需填access(名词/动词,接触、获取)的形容词形式accessible(可接触的、可理解的、易获得的),符合句意“使文化对年轻一代可接触”。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 使役动词make的用法:make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语,宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词、不带to的不定式(主动语态)、过去分词(被动关系)。此处是形容词作宾语补足语,例:make the problem easy(使问题变得简单)、make him a doctor(使他成为一名医生)、make her laugh(让她笑,不带to的不定式)、make the letter sent(让信被寄出,过去分词)。 2. 名词与形容词的转换:access(名词/动词)→ accessible(形容词),常见搭配:be accessible to sb.(对某人来说可接触、可获得),例:The information is accessible to everyone.(这些信息对每个人来说都可获得。) 3. 重点短语:innovative approach(创新方法)、the younger generation(年轻一代)、make sth. accessible to sb.(使某物对某人可接触/可获得)。 4. 派生词拓展:access的其他派生词:accessibly(副词,可接触地)、inaccessible(形容词,难以接触的、不可获得的,反义词)。 12. So (fundamental) has Chinese civilization been guided by this rhythm that even time itself (measure) through the 24 solar terms. 答案:fundamentally; is measured 翻译:中华文明一直以来都被这种节奏从根本上引导着,以至于甚至时间本身都是通过二十四节气来衡量的。 详细解析:第一空,此处是“so + 副词 + that...”的倒装结构,so置于句首,句子需部分倒装(助动词has提前),空格处修饰动词guided(引导),故用fundamental(形容词,根本的)的副词形式fundamentally(根本地);第二空,主语time itself(时间本身)与measure(衡量)之间是“被动关系”——“时间被衡量”,时态为一般现在时(描述客观事实),故用一般现在时的被动语态is measured。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. so...that...的倒装结构:当so + 形容词/副词置于句首时,句子需部分倒装(助动词/情态动词/be动词提前),目的是强调so后面的内容。结构:So + 形容词/副词 + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语 + that从句。例:So fast does he run that no one can catch up with him.(他跑得如此快,以至于没人能追上他。)此处so fundamentally置于句首,助动词has提前,构成部分倒装。 2. 形容词与副词的转换:fundamental(形容词,根本的、基础的)→ fundamentally(副词,根本地、从根本上),类似单词:basic→basically、important→importantly。 3. 一般现在时的被动语态:结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”,用于描述客观事实、真理、习惯性动作。此处“时间通过二十四节气衡量”是客观事实,故用is measured;measure的过去分词是measured。 4. 重点短语:be guided by(被……引导)、the 24 solar terms(二十四节气)、even time itself(甚至时间本身)。 13. (structure) around spring, summer, autumn, and winter, the piece mirrors the agricultural wisdom has long connected Chinese people to the land. 答案:Structured; that/which 翻译:这部作品以春、夏、秋、冬为结构框架,反映了长期以来将中国人民与土地紧密相连的农耕智慧。 详细解析:第一空,空格处是非谓语动词,逻辑主语是the piece(这部作品),the piece与structure(构建结构、以……为结构)之间是“被动关系”——“作品被以四季为结构”,故用过去分词作状语,structure的过去分词是Structured,句首首字母大写;第二空,空格处引导定语从句,修饰先行词the agricultural wisdom(农耕智慧),从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词that或which。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 过去分词作状语:当非谓语动词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致,且为被动关系时,用过去分词,此处表“方式”,即“作品被以四季为结构”。例:Built in 1990, the building is very old.(这座建筑建于1990年,非常古老,built作状语,表被动)。 2. 定语从句的关系代词that/which:当先行词是物(此处是the agricultural wisdom),且从句中缺少主语、宾语时,用that或which。此处从句has long connected...缺少主语,故用that/which,在从句中作主语,不可省略。例:The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书很有趣,that/which作宾语,可省略);The book that/which is on the desk is mine.(桌子上的那本书是我的,that/which作主语,不可省略)。 3. 重点短语:be structured around(以……为结构框架)、agricultural wisdom(农耕智慧)、connect...to...(将……与……连接起来)。 4. 非谓语动词与定语从句的区别:第一空的Structured是过去分词作状语,相当于一个定语从句Which is structured around...;第二空是定语从句,修饰先行词,补充说明“什么样的农耕智慧”。 14. Beginning in spring and returning to it, the music reflects the renewal of all living things — theme central to the classical Chinese philosophy. 答案:a 翻译:这部音乐从春天开始,又回归春天,反映了万物复苏的主题——这是中国古典哲学的核心主题之一。 详细解析:空格处修饰名词theme(主题),theme是可数名词单数,此处表示“一个主题”,且theme以辅音音素/θ/开头,故用不定冠词a;破折号后面的内容是对前面的the renewal of all living things(万物复苏)的补充说明,指“万物复苏是一个核心主题”。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 不定冠词a的用法:重复题干8的知识点,重点补充:此处a表示“泛指”,指“一个、一种”,区别于定冠词the(特指)。例:I have a book.(我有一本书,泛指任意一本书);The book is on the desk.(那本书在桌子上,特指某一本)。此处theme是泛指“一个主题”,故用a。 2. 现在分词作状语:Beginning in spring and returning to it是现在分词短语作状语,逻辑主语是the music,music与begin、return是主动关系,表“伴随动作”,即“音乐从春天开始、回归春天的同时,反映了万物复苏”。 3. 破折号的用法:此处破折号用于补充说明,补充说明“万物复苏”是一个什么样的主题(中国古典哲学的核心主题),相当于which is a theme central to...。 4. 重点短语:the renewal of all living things(万物复苏)、classical Chinese philosophy(中国古典哲学)、central to(对……来说是核心的),例:Honesty is central to his character.(诚实是他性格的核心。) 15. Inspired by Vivaldi yet determined (move) beyond imitation, Wen crafted melodies of distinct Chinese scenes: the quiet rain of Qingming, cicadas (蝉) singing in the summer heat, the glorious harvest moon, the stillness of winter fields. 答案:to move 翻译:受到维瓦尔第的启发,但决心超越模仿,温创作了具有鲜明中国场景特色的旋律:清明的细雨、盛夏的蝉鸣、皎洁的中秋月、冬日田野的静谧。 详细解析:空格处考查固定搭配be determined to do sth.(决心做某事),determined(形容词,决心的)后面接不定式to do,故填to move;句首的Inspired by Vivaldi是过去分词作状语,逻辑主语是Wen,Wen与inspire是被动关系——“温被维瓦尔第启发”。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 固定搭配:be determined to do sth.(决心做某事),determined是形容词,类似搭配:be willing to do sth.(愿意做某事)、be ready to do sth.(准备好做某事)、be eager to do sth.(渴望做某事)。例:He is determined to achieve his dream.(他决心实现自己的梦想。) 2. 过去分词作状语:Inspired by Vivaldi = Though he was inspired by Vivaldi,此处省略了主语和be动词(逻辑主语与句子主语一致,且为被动关系),表“让步”,即“尽管受到维瓦尔第的启发,但还是决心超越模仿”。 3. 重点短语:beyond imitation(超越模仿)、craft melodies(创作旋律)、distinct Chinese scenes(鲜明的中国场景)、the quiet rain of Qingming(清明的细雨)、glorious harvest moon(皎洁的中秋月)。 4. 并列结构:冒号后面的四个短语(the quiet rain..., cicadas singing..., the glorious harvest moon, the stillness...)是并列关系,用来具体说明distinct Chinese scenes(鲜明的中国场景),其中cicadas singing in the summer heat是“名词+现在分词”结构,singing作后置定语,修饰cicadas(蝉与唱歌是主动关系)。 16. What emerges is more than a (describe) of nature; it is a cultural memory shaped by harmony between humanity and the natural world. 答案:description 翻译:呈现出来的不仅仅是对自然的描述;更是一种由人与自然和谐相处所塑造的文化记忆。 详细解析:空格处前面有不定冠词a,a后面接可数名词单数,故填describe(动词,描述)的名词形式description(描述),符合句意“对自然的描述”。 核心知识点(详细补充):1. 动词与名词的转换:describe(动词)→ description(名词,描述),类似单词:inform→information(信息)、decide→decision(决定)、celebrate→celebration(庆祝)。注意:description是可数名词,有复数形式descriptions,例:two descriptions of the accident(对事故的两种描述)。 2. 主语从句:What emerges是主语从句,在句中作主语,what在从句中作主语,意为“所呈现出来的东西、所出现的东西”。例:What he said is true.(他说的话是真的,What he said是主语从句)。 3. 固定搭配:more than(不仅仅是、超过),此处表“不仅仅是”,例:He is more than a teacher; he is my friend.(他不仅仅是一位老师,更是我的朋友。) 4. 过去分词作后置定语:shaped by harmony...是过去分词作后置定语,修饰a cultural memory(文化记忆),memory与shape(塑造)是被动关系——“文化记忆被和谐所塑造”,相当于定语从句which is shaped by...。 5. 重点短语:harmony between humanity and the natural world(人与自然的和谐),harmony是名词,形容词形式是harmonious(和谐的),固定搭配in harmony with(与……和谐相处),例:We should live in harmony with nature.(我们应该与自然和谐相处。) 举一反三题目(共15道,长难句为主) 题干1: the development of AI technology has brought great convenience to people’s lives, it has also raised some ethical and social problems that need to be solved. 答案:Although/Though/While 翻译:尽管人工智能技术的发展给人们的生活带来了极大的便利,但它也带来了一些需要解决的伦理和社会问题。 详细解析:题干前后分句存在转折关系——前半句讲AI技术的好处,后半句讲其带来的问题,空格处需填引导让步状语从句的连词,结合知识点,Although/Though/While均符合,首字母大写即可。 核心知识点:1. 让步状语从句引导词:Although/Though/While的用法及区别(同原题1),三者均可表“尽管”,可互换,不能与but连用,可与yet、still连用。 2. 重点短语:the development of AI technology(人工智能技术的发展)、bring convenience to(给……带来便利)、raise ethical and social problems(带来伦理和社会问题)、need to be solved(需要被解决,被动语态)。 3. 定语从句:that need to be solved是定语从句,修饰先行词ethical and social problems,that在从句中作主语,可省略。 题干2:The old man, (devote) his entire life to protecting the environment, was awarded the highest honor in the local area for his selfless contributions. 答案:devoting 翻译:这位老人将自己的一生都致力于保护环境,因其无私的贡献,他被授予了当地的最高荣誉。 详细解析:空格处是非谓语动词,逻辑主语是the old man,老人与devote(致力于)之间是主动关系——“老人致力于保护环境”,故用现在分词作后置定语,修饰the old man,devote的现在分词是devoting,固定搭配devote oneself to doing sth.(致力于做某事)。 核心知识点:1. 现在分词作后置定语:当名词与后置定语的动词是主动关系时,用现在分词,此处devoting his entire life...相当于定语从句who devoted his entire life...。 2. 固定搭配:devote oneself to doing sth.(致力于做某事),to是介词,后面接动名词(doing),例:She devotes herself to teaching.(她致力于教学。) 3. 被动语态:was awarded是一般过去时的被动语态,表“被授予”,award的过去分词是awarded,固定搭配be awarded sth.(被授予某物)。 4. 重点短语:entire life(一生)、protect the environment(保护环境)、selfless contributions(无私贡献)、highest honor(最高荣誉)。 题干3:With the help of online courses, students from remote areas can not only access high-quality educational resources, also interact with top teachers from all over the country. 答案:but 翻译:在网络课程的帮助下,偏远地区的学生不仅可以获取高质量的教育资源,还可以与来自全国各地的顶尖教师进行互动。 详细解析:题干中出现not only,结合句意“不仅……还……”,固定搭配not only...but (also)...,此处需填but,连接两个并列的谓语动词短语(access...和interact...),also可省略,符合语境。 核心知识点:1. 固定搭配not only...but (also)...:连接两个并列的谓语动词时,句子无需倒装;若not only置于句首,句子需部分倒装(助动词提前),例:Not only can students access resources, but they can also interact with teachers.(学生不仅可以获取资源,还可以与教师互动。) 2. 重点短语:with the help of(在……的帮助下)、online courses(网络课程)、remote areas(偏远地区)、high-quality educational resources(高质量教育资源)、interact with(与……互动)、top teachers(顶尖教师)。 3. 情态动词can的用法:can后面接动词原形,表“能够、可以”,此处连接两个并列的动词原形access和interact。 题干4:The novel, which tells a story of courage and perseverance, has been translated into more than 20 languages and (read) by millions of people around the world. 答案:is read 翻译:这部讲述勇气与毅力故事的小说,已被翻译成20多种语言,并被全世界数百万人阅读。 详细解析:空格处与前面的has been translated是并列的谓语动词,主语the novel与read(阅读)之间是被动关系,时态为一般现在时(描述客观事实——小说被数百万人阅读),故用一般现在时的被动语态is read;which tells...是定语从句,修饰the novel。 核心知识点:1. 被动语态的并列:当两个被动语态的谓语动词并列时,第二个被动语态的be动词可根据时态省略,但此处时态不同(has been translated是现在完成时,is read是一般现在时),故be动词is不能省略。 2. 定语从句:which tells a story of courage and perseverance是定语从句,which在从句中作主语,修饰the novel,可替换为that。 3. 重点短语:a story of courage and perseverance(勇气与毅力的故事)、be translated into(被翻译成……)、millions of(数百万的)、around the world(全世界)。 4. 时态辨析:现在完成时(has been translated)表“过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响”(小说被翻译后,现在能被全世界阅读);一般现在时(is read)表“客观事实”。 题干5: (face) with the increasing pressure of work and study, many young people choose to take up hobbies to relax themselves and relieve stress. 答案:Faced 翻译:面对日益增长的工作和学习压力,许多年轻人选择培养爱好来放松自己、缓解压力。 详细解析:空格处是非谓语动词,固定搭配be faced with(面对……),逻辑主语是many young people,people与face之间是被动关系(be faced with是固定搭配,表“被动承受”),故用过去分词Faced作状语,句首首字母大写,省略be动词。 核心知识点:1. 固定搭配be faced with:表“面对……”,相当于face sth.,但作状语时,常用过去分词Faced with,例:Faced with difficulties, we should never give up.(面对困难,我们永远不应该放弃。)= Facing difficulties, we should never give up.(主动形式,face sth.) 2. 过去分词作状语:此处Faced with...表“原因”,即“因为面对压力,所以年轻人选择培养爱好”。 3. 重点短语:increasing pressure(日益增长的压力)、take up hobbies(培养爱好)、relax themselves(放松自己)、relieve stress(缓解压力)。 4. 非谓语动词辨析:Faced with(被动,固定搭配)与Facing(主动,face sth.)均可作状语,含义相同,可互换。 题干6:So precious the cultural heritage that we must take all possible measures to protect it from being destroyed. 答案:is 翻译:文化遗产是如此珍贵,以至于我们必须采取一切可能的措施来保护它不被破坏。 详细解析:此处是“so + 形容词 + that...”的倒装结构,so precious置于句首,句子需部分倒装(be动词提前),主语the cultural heritage是单数,时态为一般现在时,故be动词用is,构成“So precious is the cultural heritage that...”。 核心知识点:1. so...that...的倒装结构:so + 形容词置于句首,句子部分倒装(be动词/助动词/情态动词提前),主语是单数时,be动词用is/was,复数用are/were。例:So beautiful is the girl that everyone likes her.(这个女孩如此漂亮,以至于每个人都喜欢她。) 2. 固定搭配:take measures to do sth.(采取措施做某事)、protect sth. from being destroyed(保护某物不被破坏),from是介词,后面接动名词的被动形式being destroyed(表“被破坏”)。 3. 重点短语:cultural heritage(文化遗产)、all possible measures(一切可能的措施)、be destroyed(被破坏,被动语态)。 题干7:The scientist, who has devoted years to researching renewable energy, announced that his team (make) a major breakthrough in solar power technology. 答案:had made 翻译:这位致力于可再生能源研究多年的科学家宣布,他的团队在太阳能技术方面取得了重大突破。 详细解析:空格处是宾语从句的谓语动词,主句的谓语动词announced是一般过去时,宾语从句中的动作“取得突破”发生在“宣布”之前(过去的过去),故用过去完成时,结构为“had + 过去分词”,make的过去分词是made,故填had made。 核心知识点:1. 过去完成时的用法:结构为“had + 过去分词”,表示“过去的过去”,即动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。例:He said he had finished his homework.(他说他已经完成了作业,“完成作业”发生在“说”之前,用过去完成时)。 2. 定语从句:who has devoted years to researching renewable energy是定语从句,修饰先行词the scientist,who在从句中作主语,从句时态为现在完成时(has devoted),表“从过去持续到现在的动作”。 3. 固定搭配:devote years to doing sth.(致力于做某事多年),to是介词,后面接动名词researching;make a major breakthrough(取得重大突破)、renewable energy(可再生能源)、solar power technology(太阳能技术)。 4. 宾语从句时态:当主句是一般过去时,宾语从句需用相应的过去时态(过去完成时、一般过去时、过去进行时等),此处“取得突破”在“宣布”之前,用过去完成时。 题干8:The art exhibition, which showcases works created by young artists from all over the country, (attract) thousands of visitors since it opened last month. 答案:has attracted 翻译:这场展示了来自全国各地年轻艺术家作品的艺术展览,自上个月开幕以来已经吸引了数千名参观者。 详细解析:空格处是主句的谓语动词,结合时间状语since it opened last month(自上个月开幕以来),since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,主句需用现在完成时,结构为“have/has + 过去分词”;主语the art exhibition是单数,故用has,attract的过去分词是attracted,填has attracted。 核心知识点:1. 现在完成时的用法:与since引导的时间状语从句连用,从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时,表“从过去某一时间开始,持续到现在的动作或状态”。例:I have lived here since I was a child.(我从小就住在这里。) 2. 定语从句:which showcases works...是定语从句,修饰先行词the art exhibition,which在从句中作主语,时态为一般现在时(showcases),表“客观事实”;created by young artists是过去分词作后置定语,修饰works(works与create是被动关系)。 3. 重点短语:art exhibition(艺术展览)、showcase works(展示作品)、young artists(年轻艺术家)、thousands of visitors(数千名参观者)、since it opened last month(自上个月开幕以来)。 4. 主谓一致:主语the art exhibition是单数,现在完成时的助动词用has,复数主语用have。 题干9:It is necessary for us to realize that protecting cultural relics is not just the responsibility of the government, also the duty of every citizen. 答案:but 翻译:我们有必要意识到,保护文物不仅仅是政府的责任,也是每个公民的义务。 详细解析:题干中出现not just,结合句意“不仅仅是……也是……”,固定搭配not just...but (also)...,此处连接两个并列的名词短语(the responsibility of the government和the duty of every citizen),需填but,also可省略,符合语境。 核心知识点:1. 固定搭配not just...but (also)...:连接两个并列的名词短语时,表“不仅……而且……”,also可省略,结构对称,强调两者的并列关系。例:It is not just a job, but a career.(这不仅仅是一份工作,更是一份事业。) 2. 固定句型:It is necessary for sb. to do sth.(对某人来说做某事是必要的),it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式to realize that...。 3. 宾语从句:that protecting cultural relics...是宾语从句,作realize的宾语;从句的主语是动名词短语protecting cultural relics(保护文物),动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数(is)。 4. 重点短语:cultural relics(文物)、the responsibility of the government(政府的责任)、the duty of every citizen(每个公民的义务)。 题干10: (know) that the exam would be difficult, the students spent more time reviewing their lessons and asking teachers for help. 答案:Knowing 翻译:知道考试会很难,学生们花了更多时间复习功课并向老师求助。 详细解析:空格处是非谓语动词,逻辑主语是the students,students与know(知道)之间是主动关系——“学生们知道考试很难”,故用现在分词作状语,表“原因”,即“因为知道考试难,所以学生们花更多时间复习”,know的现在分词是Knowing,句首首字母大写。 核心知识点:1. 现在分词作状语:当非谓语动词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致,且为主动关系时,用现在分词,此处表“原因”,相当于Because the students knew that...。 2. 宾语从句:that the exam would be difficult是宾语从句,作know的宾语;主句的谓语动词spent是一般过去时,从句用过去将来时(would be),表“过去看来将要发生的动作”。 3. 固定搭配:spend time doing sth.(花时间做某事),例:She spends an hour reading every day.(她每天花一小时阅读。);ask sb. for help(向某人求助),例:He asked his friend for help with his homework.(他向朋友求助做作业。) 4. 重点短语:review lessons(复习功课)、difficult exam(困难的考试)。 题干11:The new library, which (equip) with modern facilities and a large number of books, will be open to the public next month. 答案:is equipped 翻译:这座配备了现代化设施和大量书籍的新图书馆,将于下个月向公众开放。 详细解析:空格处是定语从句的谓语动词,主语which指代the new library(单数),library与equip(配备)之间是被动关系——“图书馆被配备设施和书籍”,时态为一般现在时(描述图书馆的现状),故用一般现在时的被动语态is equipped,固定搭配be equipped with(配备有……)。 核心知识点:1. 一般现在时的被动语态:结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”,主语是单数时用is,复数用are;此处which指代单数名词the new library,故用is equipped。 2. 定语从句:which is equipped with...是定语从句,修饰先行词the new library,which在从句中作主语,可替换为that。 3. 固定搭配:be equipped with(配备有……),例:The classroom is equipped with a projector.(这间教室配备了投影仪。) 4. 重点短语:modern facilities(现代化设施)、a large number of books(大量书籍)、be open to the public(向公众开放)、next month(下个月,一般将来时的标志词,主句用will be open)。 题干12:What we need to do now is to take action to protect the environment, (prevent) the earth from being polluted further. 答案:preventing 翻译:我们现在需要做的是采取行动保护环境,防止地球进一步被污染。 详细解析:空格处是非谓语动词,逻辑主语是前面的整个句子(What we need to do now is to take action...),“采取行动保护环境”这个动作与prevent(防止)之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作结果状语,表“自然而然的结果”,prevent的现在分词是preventing。 核心知识点:1. 现在分词作结果状语:当现在分词作结果状语时,表“自然而然的结果”,通常放在句子末尾,逻辑主语是前面的整个句子;而不定式作结果状语时,表“出乎意料的结果”。例:He fell off the bike, breaking his leg.(他从自行车上摔下来,摔断了腿,自然而然的结果);He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.(他匆忙赶到车站,却发现火车已经开走了,出乎意料的结果)。 2. 主语从句:What we need to do now是主语从句,在句中作主语,what在从句中作宾语,意为“我们现在需要做的事情”。例:What she said made me happy.(她的话让我很开心。) 3. 固定搭配:take action to do sth.(采取行动做某事)、prevent sth. from being done(防止某物被……),from是介词,后面接动名词的被动形式being polluted(表“被污染”)。 4. 重点短语:protect the environment(保护环境)、be polluted further(进一步被污染)。 题干13:So difficult the task that none of the students could finish it within the given time. 答案:was 翻译:这项任务如此困难,以至于没有一个学生能在规定时间内完成它。 详细解析:此处是“so + 形容词 + that...”的倒装结构,so difficult置于句首,句子需部分倒装(be动词/助动词提前);主语the task是单数,从句的谓语动词could finish是一般过去时,主句也用一般过去时,故be动词用was,构成“So difficult was the task that...”。 核心知识点:1. so...that...的倒装结构:so + 形容词/副词置于句首,句子部分倒装,时态需与从句保持一致;此处从句用一般过去时(could finish),主句也用一般过去时,be动词用was。例:So hard did he work that he achieved great success.(他工作如此努力,以至于取得了巨大的成功。) 2. 固定搭配:none of + 复数名词/代词(此处是none of the students),表示“没有一个……”,作主语时,谓语动词可用单数或复数,此处could是情态动词,不受单复数影响。 3. 重点短语:within the given time(在规定时间内)、finish the task(完成任务)、so difficult(如此困难)。 题干14:The teacher suggested that we (prepare) for the exam in advance and avoid putting off our study until the last minute. 答案:(should) prepare 翻译:老师建议我们提前为考试做准备,避免把学习拖到最后一刻。 详细解析:空格处是宾语从句的谓语动词,主句的谓语动词suggested表示“建议”,当suggest表“建议”时,宾语从句需用虚拟语气,结构为“(should) + 动词原形”,should可省略,故填(should) prepare。 核心知识点:1. 虚拟语气(suggest后的宾语从句):当动词suggest、advise、propose、order、demand等表示“建议、命令、要求”时,后面的宾语从句需用虚拟语气,结构为“(should) + 动词原形”,should可省略。例:He suggested that we (should) go there by bus.(他建议我们坐公交车去那里。) 2. 重点短语:suggest sth. to sb.(向某人建议某事)、prepare for the exam(为考试做准备)、in advance(提前)、put off(推迟、拖延)、until the last minute(直到最后一刻)。 3. 并列结构:宾语从句中,prepare for...和avoid putting off...是并列的谓语动词,均用动词原形(受虚拟语气影响);avoid doing sth.(避免做某事),put off doing sth.(推迟做某事),均需接动名词。 题干15:As a traditional art form with a history of thousands of years, Chinese calligraphy (pass) down from generation to generation and is still popular among people today. 答案:has been passed 翻译:作为一种有着数千年历史的传统艺术形式,中国书法被一代又一代地传承下来,至今仍然受到人们的喜爱。 详细解析:空格处是谓语动词,主语Chinese calligraphy(中国书法)与pass down(传承)之间是被动关系——“书法被传承”;结合时间状语from generation to generation(一代又一代)和still popular today(至今仍然流行),可知动作从过去持续到现在,故用现在完成时的被动语态,结构为“have/has + been + 过去分词”;主语是单数,用has,pass的过去分词是passed,故填has been passed。 核心知识点:1. 现在完成时的被动语态:结构为“have/has + been + 过去分词”,表“从过去开始,持续到现在的被动动作”。例:The old custom has been passed down for hundreds of years.(这个古老的习俗已经传承了数百年。) 2. 介词短语作状语:As a traditional art form with a history of thousands of years是介词短语作状语,as表示“作为”,with a history of...表示“有着……的历史”。 3. 固定搭配:pass down(传承、传递)、from generation to generation(一代又一代)、be popular among sb.(受到某人的喜爱)。 4. 主谓一致:主语Chinese calligraphy是不可数名词,视为单数,现在完成时的被动语态助动词用has。 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破 第一组 1. It was believed that we could judge a person’s integrity and wisdom by naturally flows from their brush. 2. When (evaluate) calligraphy, experts look for “spirit resonance” (气韵) — a quality extremely difficult to define, yet instantly recognizable to the (train) eye. 3. This philosophical depth is evident in the works of Wang Xizhi, calligrapher of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, whose masterpiece “Lantingji Xu” (celebrate) for centuries as the “world’s best running script,” not only for its artistic excellence but also for the philosophy it (contain). 4. It serves as a balance to the digital world, offering (individual) a way to slow down, focus their minds, and reconnect with their cultural heritage. 5. As an enthusiast of Chinese architecture, I’ve always considered sharing its beauty with international audiences in a way that truly resonates (引起共鸣), so I came back to China _______________ (pursue) a doctoral degree and continue exploring _______________ ancient buildings can be understood and cared for as living heritage. 6. Gradually, I came to understand that the future of urban development lies in integrating heritage with innovation _______________ in finding vivid ways to tell the stories behind historic buildings. 7. On Thursday, we, ______________ company with 45 students from different countries, visited Xianmongtan, one of the 15 heritage components of the Beijing Central Axis. 8. “Involving _______________ (I) in building the wooden structure helped me better understand Chinese culture, which was truly valuable,” said a US student. 9. In October 2023, the Shanghai Astronomy Museum launched its first original immersive theater production, "Journey to the Edge of the Universe," as part of an initiative (make) science education more engaging and accessible. 10. Inspired by cutting-edge astronomical research and museum's collection of meteorite samples, the production combines live performances, 360-degree projection mapping, and interactive elements (create) a unique educational experience. 11. Along the way, they encounter explanations of gravitational waves, dark matter, and the cosmic microwave background—concepts are typically difficult for non-experts to grasp. 12. The museum has also developed educational materials (base) on the production for school groups, including worksheets and discussion guides. 13. In recent years, China's new energy vehicle (NEV) industry has experienced a sharp rise in growth, (position) itself as a leader in the global industry. 14. Chinese companies have made significant progress in battery technology, motor (efficient), and vehicle intelligence. 15. Drawing on large-scale production and cost control capabilities, Chinese manufacturers can offer high-quality NEVs relatively low prices, which has enhanced their global competitiveness. 16. In 2025, BYD, led by a team including industry veteran Alfredo Altavilla, (overtake) Tesla to become the world's largest electric vehicle seller, signaling a major shift in the global automotive landscape. 举一反三题目(15道,长难句为主) 1. It is widely accepted that the value of a cultural relic lies not only in its appearance but also in _______________ it carries the historical memory and spiritual connotation of a nation. 2. When _______________ (ask) about the secret of his success in protecting ancient buildings, the architect said that patience and professional knowledge were the key factors, which _______________ (help) him overcome numerous difficulties. 3. With the rapid development of AI technology, more and more schools are introducing intelligent teaching tools, _______________ (aim) to improve teaching efficiency and help students learn in a more personalized way. 4. The professor, who has devoted decades to studying ancient Chinese literature, told us that the classic works _______________ (pass) down from generation to generation are not only literary treasures but also carriers of traditional culture. 5. It is important that we should attach great importance to protecting cultural heritage, because it is _______________ we can find the roots of our nation and inherit our spiritual wealth. 6. By the end of last year, the team of researchers _______________ (complete) the study on the preservation of ancient pagodas, which provided valuable data for future protection work. 7. _______________ (equip) with modern technology, the new museum is able to show cultural relics in a more vivid way, allowing visitors to have a better understanding of history. 8. We wonder _______________ the ancient city was abandoned suddenly thousands of years ago and what caused the people living there to leave their homes. 9. The number of people who are interested in learning traditional Chinese calligraphy _______________ (increase) steadily in recent years, showing that more and more people are paying attention to cultural inheritance. 10. It is reported that a new cultural center _______________ (build) in our city next year, which will be used to display local cultural relics and hold cultural activities. 11. No matter how difficult it is, we will stick to our goal of protecting cultural heritage, because we believe _______________ efforts we make, we will eventually achieve what we want. 12. The scientist spent years researching the mystery of the universe, and his efforts _______________ (pay) off finally when he made a great discovery about black holes. 13. We are supposed to respect the cultural differences between different countries, because each culture has its own characteristics and _______________ (value) that should be cherished by all of us. 14. _______________ (know) that cultural heritage is the treasure of human civilization, we should take active measures to protect it and pass it down to the next generation. 15. It is not until we realize the importance of cultural heritage _______________ we will take real action to protect it, instead of just talking about it. 第二组 1. there are challenges such as trade barriers in the US and EU markets, Chinese NEV brands are actively exploring overseas markets and enhancing their global presence through technology export and international collaboration. 2. The performers use their skills to guide the puppets, leading the audience into a world (fill) with myths and legends, explains Chen Lei, a shadow puppetry performer participating in the exhibition. 3. “A skilled performer always (try) to make the performance touching, not just by the skills,   also by the deep connection with the story.” 4. Lin says that the unique shapes of the shadow puppets, the beauty in the (careful) arranged storylines, and the cultural meanings behind each character inspired artists to create paintings, sculptures, digital artworks for the exhibition. 5. These works aim to let more people appreciate the charm of Chinese shadow puppetry in the context of modern art, (bridge) the gap between tradition and modernity. 6. (combine) traditional paper-cutting techniques with features of various painting forms, such as Chinese painting and oil painting, Li has created her own art style: multi-layered, colored paper-cutting. 7. Each layer of the whole paper-cutting piece, which is made from the paper of one single colored sheet, can (view) as a complete single-layer paper-cutting artwork. 8. oil painter was deeply impressed by the completed paper-cutting artwork, saying that Li’s artwork was better than his _ _ (origin) painting. 9. The robots, _ (equip) with advanced sensors, could mimic the subtle movements of Tai Chi with remarkable (precise). 10. Experts say this performance signals a new era where technology serves not just as a tool, as a partner in cultural inheritance. 11. This innovative approach makes culture (access) to the younger generation. 12. So (fundamental) has Chinese civilization been guided by this rhythm that even time itself (measure) through the 24 solar terms. 13. (structure) around spring, summer, autumn, and winter, the piece mirrors the agricultural wisdom has long connected Chinese people to the land. 14. Beginning in spring and returning to it, the music reflects the renewal of all living things — _ theme central to the classical Chinese philosophy. 15. Inspired by Vivaldi yet determined (move) beyond imitation, Wen crafted melodies of distinct Chinese scenes: the quiet rain of Qingming, cicadas (蝉) singing in the summer heat, the glorious harvest moon, the stillness of winter fields. 16. What emerges is more than a (describe) of nature; it is a cultural memory shaped by harmony between humanity and the natural world. 举一反三题目(共15道,长难句为主) 题干1: the development of AI technology has brought great convenience to people’s lives, it has also raised some ethical and social problems that need to be solved. 题干2:The old man, (devote) his entire life to protecting the environment, was awarded the highest honor in the local area for his selfless contributions. 题干3:With the help of online courses, students from remote areas can not only access high-quality educational resources, also interact with top teachers from all over the country. 题干4:The novel, which tells a story of courage and perseverance, has been translated into more than 20 languages and (read) by millions of people around the world. 题干5: (face) with the increasing pressure of work and study, many young people choose to take up hobbies to relax themselves and relieve stress. 题干6:So precious the cultural heritage that we must take all possible measures to protect it from being destroyed. 题干7:The scientist, who has devoted years to researching renewable energy, announced that his team (make) a major breakthrough in solar power technology. 题干8:The art exhibition, which showcases works created by young artists from all over the country, (attract) thousands of visitors since it opened last month. 题干9:It is necessary for us to realize that protecting cultural relics is not just the responsibility of the government, also the duty of every citizen. 题干10: (know) that the exam would be difficult, the students spent more time reviewing their lessons and asking teachers for help. 题干11:The new library, which (equip) with modern facilities and a large number of books, will be open to the public next month. 题干12:What we need to do now is to take action to protect the environment, (prevent) the earth from being polluted further. 题干13:So difficult the task that none of the students could finish it within the given time. 题干14:The teacher suggested that we (prepare) for the exam in advance and avoid putting off our study until the last minute. 题干15:As a traditional art form with a history of thousands of years, Chinese calligraphy (pass) down from generation to generation and is still popular among people today. 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破(10)-2026届高三英语二轮复习专项
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语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破(10)-2026届高三英语二轮复习专项
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