生物类阅读押题（考前必练）2026年高考英语阅读理解突破策略及押题

2026高考英语生物类专属押题阅读理解 Passage 1 Gene Editing and Crop Improvement（基因编辑育种） 押题理由 核心押题点：基因编辑育种是2026高考生物类阅读高频热点，贴合“粮食安全”国家战略，聚焦中国农业生物科技成就，符合新课标“科技与生活”命题导向；4道题均为高考基础题型（细节理解），覆盖“技术优势、成果特征、潜在风险、国家态度”核心考点，是基础题必练篇目，贴合高考A篇难度与选材方向。 With the growing global population and frequent extreme weather, food safety has become a vital and urgent challenge worldwide. In recent years, gene editing technology has greatly developed and brought revolutionary changes to modern agriculture in China. Different from traditional transgenic technology, gene editing can accurately change local genes of crops without introducing foreign genes, which is safer and more controllable in food safety and has been widely recognized by the international community. Chinese scientists have made great breakthroughs in gene editing breeding in recent years. They have successfully improved many main food crops including rice, wheat and corn. By editing specific genes related to stress resistance and yield, the new crop varieties have stronger resistance to natural disasters such as drought, flood and typhoon, and are less likely to be attacked by pests and diseases, thus greatly reducing the use of chemical pesticides and protecting the agricultural ecological environment. Besides, the new rice varieties have higher nutrition content and can maintain stable output even in poor soil conditions. Up to now, the new crop varieties have been widely planted in many rural areas of China, not only increasing farmers’ income and improving local agricultural production level, but also helping solve regional food supply problems effectively. However, many agricultural experts point out that overuse of gene editing technology may influence the diversity of original crop genes and bring potential ecological risks. Some studies have shown that long-term planting of gene-edited crops may lead to the reduction of local wild plant species, which is not conducive to the long-term stability of the agricultural ecosystem. Therefore, reasonable and standardized application is the key to the healthy development of this technology. China has built strict rules and supervision systems on agricultural gene technology. While vigorously developing advanced biological technology, scientists will also pay more attention to protecting natural biological diversity, ensuring that modern biotechnology can better serve food safety and sustainable agricultural development. 1. What is the advantage of gene editing compared with traditional transgenic technology? A. It introduces more foreign genes into crops. B. It is safer and better controlled in food safety. C. It costs much less in agricultural production. D. It can grow crops in outer space directly. 2. What improved features do the new rice varieties have? A. Faster growing speed and less water requirement. B. Higher nutrition and stronger anti-disaster ability. C. Better taste and longer storage time. D. Larger size and more leaves. 3. What is the possible risk of overusing gene editing technology? A. Higher price of all farm products. B. Loss of original crop gene diversity. C. Serious pollution of farmland soil. D. Shortage of agricultural labor. 4. What is China’s attitude towards agricultural gene technology? A. Ban all related research completely. B. Develop it strictly under reasonable rules. C. Encourage unlimited wide application. D. Depend totally on foreign technology. Passage 2 Synthetic Biology and Green Production（合成生物学） 押题理由 核心押题点：合成生物学是2026年前沿生物科技热点，衔接“碳中和”“绿色发展”高考高频话题，融入中国科研领先成果，符合高考“科技前沿+国家成就”命题趋势；题型以细节理解为主，穿插简单推理判断，贴合B篇中档难度，覆盖“技术用途、优势、应用、局限”核心考点，是高考中档题重点押题方向。 Synthetic biology has become one of the hottest and most promising biological technologies in 2026. It integrates biology, engineering and chemistry to design and construct new biological systems and functional organisms, which has opened up a new path for green and low-carbon development in the world. Instead of relying on traditional high-pollution chemical industry, it uses natural microbes or engineered strains to produce various useful materials, which greatly reduces environmental pollution and energy consumption, and conforms to the global green development trend. Compared with traditional chemical synthesis, synthetic biology has obvious advantages in environmental protection and resource utilization, making it a key technology to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Chinese research teams have achieved world-leading progress in the field of synthetic biology. They have successfully developed new high-efficiency microbial strains to produce environmentally friendly materials, natural medicine ingredients and green energy substances. These achievements not only reduce China’s dependence on imported raw materials, but also promote the upgrading of related industries. Besides the daily chemical and medical fields, synthetic biology also plays an important role in helping achieve carbon neutrality. Special engineered microbes developed by Chinese scientists can efficiently absorb carbon dioxide from the air and convert it into valuable organic substances, providing a new green way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, the technology is still in the process of continuous development. The high cost of microbial culture, the unclear long-term ecological influence and the lack of mature industrial application technology limit its large-scale industrial use. Scientists are continuously improving microbial efficiency, optimizing culture processes and reducing production cost. It is generally believed in the industry that with the continuous breakthrough of technology, synthetic biology will become the core power of green industry in the near future, bringing more surprises to global sustainable development. 5. What is synthetic biology mainly used to do? A. Clone all ancient extinct animals. B. Create new biological systems and green products. C. Change all human genes completely. D. Control global climate directly. 6. What advantage does synthetic biology have over traditional chemical industry? A. Less pollution and lower energy consumption. B. Faster production speed only. C. Much cheaper raw materials. D. Wider product categories. 7. How does synthetic biology help with carbon neutrality? A. By cutting down all industrial factories. B. By using microbes to fix and change CO₂. C. By planting more green forest trees. D. By stopping all fossil fuel burning. 8. What restricts the wide use of synthetic biology now? A. No practical products can be made. B. High cost and uncertain ecological influence. C. It is completely banned by international laws. D. No countries have related core technology. Passage 3 Plant Stress Resistance and Climate Adaptation（植物抗逆科学） 押题理由 核心押题点：植物抗逆性贴合“全球气候变化”“生态修复”高考高频话题，聚焦中国西部生态治理成就，符合新课标“生态环保”命题导向；题型涵盖词义猜测（第9题）、细节理解、推理判断（第12题），贴合C篇中难难度；考点覆盖“概念定义、科研发现、技术应用、作者建议”，是高考生态类阅读重点押题篇目，贴合外刊选材趋势。 Global climate change has brought more frequent extreme weather events including high temperature, severe drought and sudden heavy rain, which seriously threaten global plant growth and the stability of terrestrial ecosystem. As a result, plant stress resistance has become a research focus of botanists worldwide. Plant stress resistance refers to the inherent ability of plants to survive and grow normally under terrible environmental conditions. This ability is formed through long-term natural evolution, and different plants have different resistance mechanisms according to their living environments. For example, desert plants often have thick leaves to reduce water loss, while cold-resistant plants can secrete special substances to resist freezing damage. Chinese plant scientists have made important scientific discoveries in recent years. They have deeply studied the internal molecular mechanism of plant stress resistance and found that special proteins inside plants can effectively control their response to drought and high temperature. In dry environments, these proteins can slow down water loss of plants and maintain the activity of plant cells. Based on this mechanism, scientists have adopted non-gene editing biological improvement technology to effectively improve plant stress resistance. This advanced technology has been widely used in ecological restoration projects in China, especially in the dry and sandy areas in western China, where a large number of improved shrubs and herbaceous plants have been planted. These plants grow well in dry land, can effectively fix moving sand, improve local soil quality, and protect the fragile desert ecosystem from further degradation. Besides wild ecological plants, the technology also benefits urban garden greening and urban agriculture. Nevertheless, the natural adaptation speed of wild plants still cannot keep up with the rapid climate change, so continuous scientific research and the combination of artificial improvement and natural protection are urgently needed. 9. What does plant stress resistance mean? A. Plants’ ability to grow under bad environments. B. Plants’ fast reproduction speed in forests. C. Plants’ function of producing fresh oxygen. D. Plants’ ability to prevent all animal eating. 10. What is the key discovery of Chinese scientists? A. Special proteins control plants’ anti-adversity ability. B. All plants can change their genes freely in drought. C. High temperature is good for all plant growth. D. Desert plants have no living cells inside. 11. What is the use of the improved plants in dry western areas? A. Producing large amounts of commercial wood. B. Fixing sand and improving local soil conditions. C. Providing enough food for local wild animals. D. Creating large man-made lakes in deserts. 12. What is the author’s suggestion on plant protection? A. Only depend on artificial plant improvement. B. Combine artificial improvement with natural protection. C. Stop all human activities in natural areas completely. D. Plant the same single species everywhere. Passage 4 Gut Microbes and Human Health（肠道微生物） 押题理由 核心押题点：肠道微生物是2026年人体健康类生物热点，贴合“亚健康”“健康生活方式”全民关注话题，符合高考“科技与健康”命题趋势；题型涵盖细节理解、词义猜测（第14题）、推理判断，贴合D篇高难难度；文章为议论文体，重点考查“观点提炼、逻辑推理”，是高考议论文阅读重点押题方向，贴合外刊健康类文章选材风格。 In recent years, medical biology research has found that the human body is closely connected with countless microbes, forming a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship. Among all these microbes, gut microbes have the greatest influence on human physical and mental health, which has attracted widespread attention from the medical community. Gut microbes are not useless bacteria in the digestive system, but a key biological system that regulates human health and maintains the balance of the body. A balanced structure of gut microbes helps maintain normal body functions in many ways, and its role even extends beyond the digestive system to affect the whole body. Good gut bacteria can not only help the human body digest food and absorb nutrients effectively, but also produce necessary vitamins that the human body cannot synthesize by itself. More importantly, modern medical studies have proved that gut microbes are closely related to the human immune system. A healthy microbial balance can significantly strengthen the body’s immunity and reduce the risk of various diseases. Besides, scientists have discovered the gut-brain axis: gut microbes can send chemical signals to the brain through the nervous system, thus influencing people’s mood, sleep quality and even mental state. This explains why some people with intestinal discomfort often feel anxious or sleepy. Unhealthy lifestyle habits can easily damage the balance of gut microbes. Irregular eating, excessive intake of junk food, long-term staying up late and lack of physical exercise will all cause disorder of intestinal flora, leading to a series of sub-health symptoms. Fortunately, people can rebuild the balance of gut microbes through scientific methods. A proper diet, regular physical exercise and good living habits are the best ways to protect gut health, while overusing antibiotics should be avoided as much as possible. 13. What is the function of healthy gut microbes? A. Cure all kinds of serious diseases directly. B. Help digestion, nutrition absorption and immune improvement. C. Replace all human internal organs. D. Produce enough oxygen for human breathing. 14. What is the gut-brain axis according to the text? A. A physical organ connecting stomach and brain. B. Microbe signals affecting brain mood and state. C. A kind of disease attacking both gut and brain. D. New medical operation technology. 15. What causes gut microbe imbalance? A. Enough outdoor exercise every day. B. Scientific healthy eating habits. C. Unhealthy lifestyle and irregular diet. D. Proper probiotic nutrition supplement. 16. What is experts’ advice on gut health? A. Take plenty of antibiotics frequently. B. Keep healthy lifestyle and avoid blind medicine use. C. Only depend on medical treatment completely. D. Eat high-fat junk food to feed microbes. Passage5 Wild Animal Protection and Biodiversity（野生动物保护） 押题理由 核心押题点：生物多样性、野生动物保护是高考生物类阅读必考话题，贴合“生态保护”国家战略，融入中国大熊猫、朱鹮等珍稀动物保护成就，符合高考“家国情怀+生态责任”命题导向；题型涵盖细节理解、推理判断，贴合E篇中难难度；考点覆盖“濒危原因、保护成果、技术助力、保护关键”，是高考生态类阅读必练篇目，命题频率极高。 Biodiversity is the basis of global ecological security and an important guarantee for the sustainable development of human society. It maintains the stability of the global ecosystem and provides rich resources for human survival and development. In the past decades, due to habitat loss caused by human activities, illegal hunting and environmental pollution, many wild animal species have faced the risk of extinction, and the global ecological balance has been severely damaged. Some species have even disappeared forever, which has brought irreversible losses to the global biodiversity. In 2026, global biological protection has entered a new stage, and China has made outstanding achievements in the field of wild animal protection. China has built a complete natural reserve system and formulated strict wildlife protection laws and regulations, providing a solid guarantee for wildlife protection. A large number of national parks have been constructed to provide safe and suitable living habitats for rare wild animals. With continuous and in-depth protection, the population of many rare species has increased greatly: giant pandas have improved their survival level from endangered to vulnerable, and wild elephants, crested ibis and snow leopards have also returned to their natural homes in larger numbers. Modern biological technology also provides strong support for wild animal protection. Scientists use GPS tracking, DNA detection and other advanced technologies to monitor the activities of wild animals in real time, providing scientific data support for formulating scientific protection plans. Nevertheless, new challenges still remain, and protecting wild animals requires the joint efforts of governments and the public. Only by working together can we protect biodiversity and maintain the balance of the global ecosystem. 17. Why did wild animals face extinction before? A. Natural climate was always mild and warm. B. Habitat loss, illegal hunting and pollution. C. Too many natural reserves existed. D. Animals had enough food and living space. 18. What progress has China made in wild animal protection? A. Some rare species’ population has grown greatly. B. All endangered animals have completely disappeared. C. All wild animals are raised in man-made zoos. D. Stopped all global environmental pollution. 19. How does modern technology help wild animal protection? A. By cloning all extinct wild animals again. B. By tracking and monitoring animals with scientific data. C. By feeding all wild animals with man-made food. D. By moving all animals to cold polar areas. 20. What is the key to global biodiversity protection? A. Stopping all human economic development. B. Joint efforts of government and public together. C. Protecting only large powerful wild animals. D. Introducing more foreign species into nature. Passage 6 Marine Biology and Ocean Ecological Protection（海洋生物） 押题理由 核心押题点：海洋生物与海洋生态保护是2026年高考新增热点，贴合“海洋强国”国家战略，聚焦中国珊瑚礁修复、海洋治污等成就，符合高考“生态保护+国家发展”命题趋势；题型以细节理解为主，贴合F篇中档难度；覆盖“海洋威胁、核心物种重要性、国家措施、全球合作”考点，选材贴合外刊海洋生态类文章，是高考冷门但重点押题方向。 The ocean covers more than 70 percent of the earth’s surface and is the largest ecosystem on the planet. Marine biology not only supports the whole ocean ecosystem but also plays an important role in maintaining global ecological balance and regulating the earth’s climate. In recent years, due to overfishing, serious ocean plastic pollution and sea temperature rise caused by global warming, the marine living environment has been greatly damaged. This not only threatens the survival of various sea creatures but also breaks the balance of the marine ecosystem, making global marine biological protection extremely urgent. Chinese marine biologists have carried out rich and in-depth research and protection projects, focusing on protecting coral reefs. Coral reefs are known as “ocean rainforests” because they provide living homes for countless fish and other marine organisms, and play a key role in maintaining marine biodiversity. Due to global warming, the continuous rise of sea water temperature has caused widespread coral bleaching and death. To solve this problem, scientists use advanced biological restoration technology to cultivate healthy coral seedlings and rebuild the coral reef ecosystem in coastal areas. Besides coral protection, China also takes a series of effective measures to protect marine biology, such as setting annual fishing ban periods and building marine protected areas. Meanwhile, scientists are actively developing new methods to deal with ocean plastic pollution.However, ocean pollution spreads across national boundaries, which requires close global international cooperation. All countries need to work together to protect ocean life and keep marine biological balance for the benefit of future generations. 21. What harms marine organisms most recently? A. Enough sea water and natural food. B. Overfishing, pollution and rising sea temperature. C. Growing number of marine protected areas. D. Scientific research on sea creatures. 22. Why are coral reefs important? A. They produce all fresh water on the earth. B. They are living homes for abundant marine lives. C. They can stop all ocean waves and storms. D. They provide cheap fuel for human use. 23. What measure does China take to recover fish population? A. Unlimited free fishing all year round. B. Annual fishing bans and marine protected areas. C. Catching all wild sea fish for raising. D. Adding much waste into deep ocean. 24. What is necessary for global ocean protection? A. Global international cooperation. B. Independent development of each country. C. Developing more marine medical products. D. Building more man-made coastal ports. Passage 7 Rare Disease Biology and Medical Gene Therapy（罕见病·基因治疗） 押题理由 核心押题点：罕见病与基因治疗是2026年生物医疗前沿热点，贴合“医疗公平”“生物科技惠民”命题导向，融入中国基因治疗科研突破，符合高考“科技与民生”命题趋势；题型涵盖细节理解、推理判断，贴合G篇中难难度；文章为议论文体，重点考查“技术优势、局限、未来方向”，是高考医疗类阅读重点押题篇目，贴合外刊医疗科技选材风格。 Rare diseases have always been difficult medical problems worldwide, affecting millions of people and bringing heavy burdens to families and society. Most rare diseases are caused by gene defects, and they are usually difficult to diagnose and treat, which makes the lives of patients and their families extremely difficult. Before the development of gene therapy, there were few effective medicines and treatment methods, leaving many patients with no way to get effective treatment. Some patients even had to endure severe pain for a long time, and the treatment cost also brought huge economic pressure to their families. In 2026, with the rapid development of biological gene therapy technology, new hope has come for rare disease patients. Modern gene therapy technology can accurately correct abnormal genes in the human body and solve diseases from the root, which is a revolutionary breakthrough in the field of rare disease treatment. Chinese medical biological teams have achieved great breakthroughs in rare disease gene treatment. For many genetic rare diseases caused by single gene mutation, scientists use safe and efficient gene editing tools to repair defective human genes inside the body, bringing the possibility of cure to patients. Nevertheless, gene therapy still has strict limitations. The high cost of treatment makes it difficult for most patients to afford, and the long-term safety of gene operation in the human body still needs continuous clinical observation. In addition, ethical problems also appear concerning human gene modification. The future goal of rare disease treatment is to make gene therapy safer, cheaper and more widely accessible, so that every rare disease patient can get equal medical help and live a normal life. 25. What causes most rare diseases? A. Unhealthy daily eating habits. B. Human internal gene defects. C. Serious outdoor bacterial infection. D. Lack of enough daily exercise. 26. What is the advantage of gene therapy over traditional medicine? A. It only reduces disease surface symptoms. B. It repairs defective genes and cures from the root. C. It costs much less for all patients. D. It can treat all diseases in the world. 27. What are the present challenges of gene therapy? A. High cost, uncertain long-term safety and ethical problems. B. No medical teams master related technology at all. C. It is totally banned by global medical laws. D. It only works on common ordinary diseases. 28. What is the future goal of rare disease biological treatment? A. Make gene therapy safe, cheap and widely accessible. B. Stop all gene related medical research completely. C. Use gene technology to change all human genes freely. D. Only provide treatment for wealthy patients. Passage 8 Biomimicry: Biology Inspiring Human Technology（生物仿生学·跨学科科技+生物高考冷门押题） 押题理由 核心押题点：生物仿生学是高考生物类阅读冷门但重点押题方向，属于“生物+工程”跨学科热点，贴合新课标“跨学科融合”命题导向，融入中国蛛丝仿生、昆虫仿生等科研成果；题型以细节理解为主，贴合H篇中档难度；覆盖“概念定义、实例应用、中国成就、科研建议”考点，选材新颖，符合高考“冷门热点”命题规律，可有效提升考生应对新颖题型的能力。 Biomimicry, also called bionics, is a frontier interdisciplinary field that combines biology, engineering and design. It studies the structures, functions and survival strategies of natural organisms to inspire the creation of human technology and products, which is a perfect combination of nature and science. For thousands of years, nature has been the greatest designer. Through long-term natural evolution, creatures have developed perfect body structures and unique survival abilities to adapt to various harsh environments. These excellent characteristics have become the source of inspiration for human invention and creation. Many great inventions in human history come from biomimicry. For example, people learned from the structure of bird wings to design the wings of airplanes, and drew inspiration from the smooth surface of shark skin to create low-resistance materials. Recently, the superhydrophobic structure of lotus leaves has inspired the development of self-cleaning waterproof materials. Chinese researchers have made new and important achievements in bionic biological technology in recent years. They studied the strong adsorption ability of spider silk and successfully developed a new type of environmental protection material, which can efficiently absorb heavy metal pollution in water.Besides, bionic robots imitating the movement mode of insects have been created. These robots can finish small-space detection and rescue work in narrow and dangerous areas that are difficult for humans to reach, playing an important role in emergency rescue and other fields. Biomimicry closely connects biology with engineering, but simple copying of biological structures is not enough. Scientists need to deeply understand the internal biological mechanism, so as to better apply natural wisdom to human technology and promote sustainable development. 29. What is biomimicry mainly about? A. Studying animal fossils of ancient times. B. Learning from biology to create human technology. C. Cloning all natural wild organisms artificially. D. Protecting endangered wild biological species. 30. What invention comes from lotus leaf structure? A. Self-cleaning waterproof building materials. B. Low-resistance ship surface materials. C. New airplane wing structures. D. Heavy metal absorbing materials. 31. What is the new Chinese bionic material used for? A. Producing new daily food. B. Absorbing water heavy metal pollution. C. Building large modern ships. D. Making soft medical cloth. 32. What should scientists do for better biomimicry? A. Only copy surface biological appearance directly. B. Explore deep biological internal mechanisms. C. Stop all research on natural creatures. 2026高考英语生物类押题阅读答案详解 Passage 1 1. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第9段“Different from traditional transgenic technology, gene editing can accurately change local genes of crops without introducing foreign genes, which is safer and more controllable in food safety”，明确基因编辑与传统转基因技术相比，优势是“更安全、食品安全可控性更强”，对应选项B；A选项与原文“without introducing foreign genes”矛盾；C、D选项原文未提及，属于无中生有。 2. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第10段“the new crop varieties have stronger resistance to natural disasters”和第11段“the new rice varieties have higher nutrition content”，可知新型水稻品种的改良特征是“更高的营养价值和更强的抗灾能力”，对应选项B；A、C、D选项中“生长速度、口感、尺寸”等特征原文未提及。 3. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第12段“overuse of gene editing technology may influence the diversity of original crop genes and bring potential ecological risks”，即过度使用基因编辑技术可能导致“原有作物基因多样性的丧失”，对应选项B；A、C、D选项均未在原文中出现，属于无关干扰项。 4. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第13段“China has built strict rules and supervision systems on agricultural gene technology. While vigorously developing advanced biological technology, scientists will also pay more attention to protecting natural biological diversity”，可知中国对农业基因技术的态度是“在合理规范下大力发展”，对应选项B；A选项“完全禁止”、C选项“无限制应用”、D选项“完全依赖国外技术”均与原文表述矛盾。 Passage2 5. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第39段“It integrates biology, engineering and chemistry to design and construct new biological systems and functional organisms”，结合第40段“produce various useful materials”，可知合成生物学的主要用途是“创造新的生物系统和绿色产品”，对应选项B；A、C、D选项均为极端表述，原文未提及“克隆灭绝动物、改变人类所有基因、直接控制气候”。 6. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第40段“it uses natural microbes or engineered strains to produce various useful materials, which greatly reduces environmental pollution and energy consumption”，明确合成生物学相比传统化工产业的优势是“污染更少、能耗更低”，对应选项A；B选项“仅速度更快”、C选项“原料更便宜”、D选项“产品种类更全”均未在原文中体现。 7. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第42段“Special engineered microbes developed by Chinese scientists can efficiently absorb carbon dioxide from the air and convert it into valuable organic substances”，即合成生物学通过“微生物吸收并转化二氧化碳”助力碳中和，对应选项B；A、C、D选项均与原文中合成生物学的作用无关，属于干扰项。 8. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第43段“The high cost of microbial culture, the unclear long-term ecological influence and the lack of mature industrial application technology limit its large-scale industrial use”，可知限制合成生物学广泛应用的因素包括“高成本、长期生态影响不明确”，对应选项B；A选项与原文“produce environmentally friendly materials”矛盾；C、D选项均为极端表述，原文未提及“被国际禁止、无国家掌握核心技术”。 Passage 3 9. 【考查类型】词义猜测题 【解题思路】定位原文第72段“Plant stress resistance refers to the inherent ability of plants to survive and grow normally under terrible environmental conditions”，“terrible environmental conditions”对应选项A中的“bad environments”，因此植物抗逆性指“植物在恶劣环境下生长的能力”，对应选项A；B、C、D选项均与原文定义无关，属于无关干扰。 10. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第73段“they have deeply studied the internal molecular mechanism of plant stress resistance and found that special proteins inside plants can effectively control their response to drought and high temperature”，明确中国科学家的关键发现是“植物体内的特殊蛋白控制其抗逆能力”，对应选项A；B、C、D选项均为极端错误表述，与原文不符。 11. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第75段“These plants grow well in dry land, can effectively fix moving sand, improve local soil quality”，可知西部干旱地区改良植物的用途是“固沙和改善土壤条件”，对应选项B；A、C、D选项原文未提及，属于无中生有。 12. 【考查类型】推理判断题 【解题思路】定位原文第76段“so continuous scientific research and the combination of artificial improvement and natural protection are urgently needed”，作者明确提出建议“人工改良与自然保护相结合”，对应选项B；A选项“仅依赖人工改良”、C选项“完全停止人类活动”、D选项“种植单一物种”均与原文建议矛盾，属于极端表述。 Passage 4 13. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第105段“Good gut bacteria can not only help the human body digest food and absorb nutrients effectively... A healthy microbial balance can significantly strengthen the body’s immunity”，可知健康肠道微生物的功能是“帮助消化、吸收营养和提升免疫力”，对应选项B；A选项“直接治愈所有严重疾病”、C选项“替代所有内脏”、D选项“产生氧气”均为极端错误表述，原文未提及。 14. 【考查类型】词义猜测题 【解题思路】定位原文第106段“gut microbes can send chemical signals to the brain through the nervous system, thus influencing people’s mood, sleep quality and even mental state”，明确肠-脑轴是“肠道微生物通过信号影响大脑情绪和状态”，对应选项B；A选项“连接胃和大脑的器官”、C选项“一种疾病”、D选项“医疗手术技术”均与原文定义不符。 15. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第107段“Unhealthy lifestyle habits can easily damage the balance of gut microbes. Irregular eating... will all cause disorder of intestinal flora”，可知肠道菌群失衡的原因是“不健康的生活方式和不规律饮食”，对应选项C；A、B、D选项均是“维持肠道菌群平衡”的有利因素，与题干要求相反。 16. 【考查类型】推理判断题 【解题思路】定位原文第108段“A proper diet, regular physical exercise and good living habits are the best ways to protect gut health, while overusing antibiotics should be avoided”，可推理出专家建议“保持健康生活方式，避免盲目用药（滥用抗生素）”，对应选项B；A选项“频繁服用抗生素”、C选项“仅依赖医疗治疗”、D选项“吃高脂垃圾食品”均与原文建议矛盾。 Passage 5 17. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第136段“In the past decades, due to habitat loss caused by human activities, illegal hunting and environmental pollution, many wild animal species have faced the risk of extinction”，明确野生动物面临灭绝的原因是“栖息地丧失、非法捕猎和环境污染”，对应选项B；A、D选项是有利于野生动物生存的条件，与题干矛盾；C选项“过多自然保护区”原文未提及，属于无中生有。 18. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第138段“With continuous and in-depth protection, the population of many rare species has increased greatly”，可知中国在野生动物保护方面的进步是“许多珍稀物种种群数量大幅增长”，对应选项A；B选项“所有濒危动物完全消失”、C选项“所有野生动物都在人工动物园饲养”、D选项“停止所有环境污染”均为极端表述，与原文不符。 19. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第139段“Scientists use GPS tracking, DNA detection and other advanced technologies to monitor the activities of wild animals in real time, providing scientific data support”，可知现代技术通过“追踪监测野生动物并提供科学数据”助力保护工作，对应选项B；A选项“克隆所有灭绝动物”、C选项“人工喂养所有野生动物”、D选项“将所有动物转移到极地”均未在原文中体现。 20. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第140段“protecting wild animals requires the joint efforts of governments and the public”，明确全球生物多样性保护的关键是“政府和公众的共同努力”，对应选项B；A选项“停止所有人类经济发展”、C选项“只保护大型强大野生动物”、D选项“引入更多外来物种”均与原文表述矛盾。 Passage 6 21. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第143段“In recent years, due to overfishing, serious ocean plastic pollution and sea temperature rise caused by global warming, the marine living environment has been greatly damaged”，可知最近危害海洋生物的主要因素是“过度捕捞、污染和海水升温”，对应选项B；A选项是有利于海洋生物生存的条件，与题干矛盾；C、D选项与“危害海洋生物”无关，属于干扰项。 22. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第144段“Coral reefs are known as ‘ocean rainforests’ because they provide living homes for countless fish and other marine organisms”，可知珊瑚礁的重要性在于“为大量海洋生物提供栖息家园”，对应选项B；A选项“产生地球上所有淡水”、C选项“阻挡所有海浪风暴”、D选项“提供廉价燃料”均为极端错误表述，原文未提及。 23. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第146段“China also takes a series of effective measures to protect marine biology, such as setting annual fishing ban periods and building marine protected areas”，可知中国恢复鱼类种群的措施是“年度休渔和建立海洋保护区”，对应选项B；A选项“全年无限制捕鱼”、C选项“捕捉所有野生海鱼人工饲养”、D选项“向深海投放大量垃圾”均与保护措施相悖。 24. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第147段“ocean pollution spreads across national boundaries, which requires close global international cooperation”，可知全球海洋保护需要“各国密切合作”，对应选项A；B选项“各国独立发展”、C选项“研发更多海洋医疗产品”、D选项“建造更多人工港口”均与原文要求不符。 Passage 7 25. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第169段“Most rare diseases are caused by gene defects”，明确大多数罕见病的成因是“人体内部基因缺陷”，对应选项B；A选项“不健康饮食习惯”、C选项“严重户外细菌感染”、D选项“缺乏运动”均不是大多数罕见病的成因，原文未提及。 26. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第171段“Modern gene therapy technology can accurately correct abnormal genes in the human body and solve diseases from the root”，可知基因治疗相比传统药物的优势是“修复缺陷基因，从根源治愈疾病”，对应选项B；A选项“仅缓解表面症状”是传统药物的特点，与基因治疗无关；C选项“成本更低”、D选项“治疗所有疾病”均为极端表述，与原文不符。 27. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第173段“The high cost of treatment... the long-term safety of gene operation... In addition, ethical problems also appear”，可知基因治疗目前的挑战是“高成本、长期安全性不确定和伦理问题”，对应选项A；B选项“无医疗团队掌握技术”、C选项“被全球医疗法规禁止”、D选项“仅对普通疾病有效”均与原文矛盾。 28. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第174段“The future goal of rare disease treatment is to make gene therapy safer, cheaper and more widely accessible”，明确罕见病生物治疗的未来目标是“让基因治疗更安全、更廉价、更普及”，对应选项A；B选项“停止所有基因相关研究”、C选项“自由改变人类所有基因”、D选项“仅为富裕患者提供治疗”均与原文目标相悖。 Passage 8 29. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第196段“It studies the structures, functions and survival strategies of natural organisms to inspire the creation of human technology and products”，可知生物仿生学的主要内容是“借鉴生物学知识创造人类技术”，对应选项B；A选项“研究古代动物化石”、C选项“人工克隆所有野生生物”、D选项“保护濒危物种”均与仿生学定义无关。 30. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第198段“the superhydrophobic structure of lotus leaves has inspired the development of self-cleaning waterproof materials”，可知源自荷叶结构的发明是“自清洁防水材料”，对应选项A；B选项“减阻船舶材料”源自鲨鱼皮，C选项“飞机机翼”源自鸟类翅膀，D选项“重金属吸附材料”源自蛛丝，均与荷叶无关。 31. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第199段“They studied the strong adsorption ability of spider silk and successfully developed a new type of environmental protection material, which can efficiently absorb heavy metal pollution in water”，可知中国新型仿生材料的用途是“吸附水体重金属污染”，对应选项B；A、C、D选项均未在原文中提及，属于无中生有。 32. 【考查类型】细节理解题 【解题思路】定位原文第201段“Scientists need to deeply understand the internal biological mechanism, so as to better apply natural wisdom to human technology”，可知科学家更好开展仿生学研究需要“探索生物内在机理”，对应选项B；A选项“仅直接复制生物表面外观”与原文表述矛盾；C选项“停止所有自然生物研究”、D选项“不参考自然发明产品”均与仿生学理念相悖。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $