阅读理解——人文自然类-【衡水金卷·先享题】2026年新高考英语专项分组练(湖南专版)

阅读理解一 (限时15分钟，每小是 While the rest of us are sleeping,freshwater turtles (from Central America to Asia are getting out of the water and basking at night(月光浴).There have been reports of this behavior before,but now a new study is the first to document the widespread occurrence. The findings suggest this may be a common and almost entirely overlooked aspect of many species'ecology. Dr.Donald McKnight,one of the researchers,said he and a colleague first observed freshwater turtles night basking at the Ross River in Townsville,Australia. "We think it's related to temperature.The water is staying so warm at night that it's actually warmer than the turtles like to be and they can cool down by coming out of the water,"said McKnight. For the study,researchers put cameras to watch the night activity of as many freshwater turtle species as possible.The cameras were set up in 25 locations. They were programmed to take a photo every two minutes.They collected data on 29 species of freshwater turtles. It would be lovely to think the turtles are just enjoying some leisure time when things are quiet.But the researchers noted that in most cases,the turtles got out of water when the water was too warm and the air was cooler.Given the warming planet,that's admittedly a bit depressing.However,not all of the nighttime baskers were escaping too-warm water.According to the study,turtles in India exhibited more basking on cooler nights,rather than on warmer nights,and those in Africa spent more time basking at night in winter than in summer.The reasons for these differences are unclear.It may be that at some sites or seasons,turtles are escaping unfavorably warm water temperatures, while at others,they are taking advantage of the warm air to increase their body temperature and escape unfavorably cold water. Regardless of the "why"behind different species' reasons for midnight basking,it's a fascinating look at behaviors not previously documented by scientists.And it is at least encouraging to know that turtles are figuring out important behaviors tied to climate change. 1.Why do the freshwater turtles from Australia get out of water at night? A.To search for extra food. B.To avoid natural enemies. C.To cool themselves down. D.To enjoy the quietness outside. 英语第11) -人文自然类 题2.5分，满分30分) 2.What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A.How the study was conducted. B.What the study brought about. C.Why the study was carried out. D.Where the study was made. 3.Which of the following are the researchers certain about? A.Turtles in Africa flee water often on summer nights. B.The water is unfavorable for turtles to survive in India. C.The reasons for turtles'different behaviors are obvious. D.Night basking is caused by the change of water temperature. 4.How does the author feel about the finding? A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Surprised. D.Desperate. B In India,tigers haven't just survived-they've made a comeback.Despite a growing population and increasing pressure on their habitats,the number of wild tigers is rising.The reason?A combination of ecological restoration,economic initiatives,and political stability.And just as important:a deeply rooted respect for tigers that has shaped a culture where humans and large predators(捕食性动物)can coexist. India's tiger conservation strategy combines two approaches:some areas are strictly protected reserves, while others are multi-use landscapes where tigers and people share space.And this isn't just for the benefit of the tigers. "The advantage of combining these two methods is that reserves act as a source of tigers for surrounding areas.And if coexistence no longer works,the reserves provide a fallback(应变的)option-一ensuring that tigers are not at risk of extinction,"explains Ninad Mungi,assistant professor at Aarhus University and co- author of the study. According to researchers,human population density alone is not what determines whether tigers can thrive-it's people's lifestyles,economic conditions, and cultural attitudes that shape their willingness to share space with large predators. In relatively wealthier regions where ecotourism and government compensation schemes(补偿计划) generate income,tolerance for tigers is much higher.In fact,for some Indian farmers,losing cattle to a tiger does not essentially spell disaster.Farmers who keep their livestock (in barns and enclosures are (共52页)】 rarely affected by tigers.However,when cattle are off Belgium,Denmark,France,Germany,Iceland, released to graze in tiger-inhabited areas,and if a tiger Ireland,the Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain, eats cattle,the farmer receives financial compensation and the UK. from the government-turning a loss into a gain. Lead author,James Robbins,said,"This change India's model could provide valuable insights far is likely to put more pressure on the marine beyond its borders.In Europe,many countries are environment,and may influence the protection of at-risk struggling with wolves attacking livestock,and India's species.Renewed monitoring effort is needed to make experience may inspire new approaches that protect both sure that protective measures are enough to save species wildlife and farmers'livelihoods. under threat in a changing environment." "There are,of course,cultural challenges,but Some of the greatest shipping increases were found culture can change over time.India's experience proves in areas close to the Spanish coast.The Espacio Marino that large predators can survive in a modern world-if de la Costa da Morte saw a rise of 413 percent in vessel we are willing to think creatively and find a balance activity.It is an area used to protect seabirds. between protection and coexistence,"says Ninad. Dr.Sarah Marley,Visiting Researcher at the 1.What is the benefit of combining two approaches to University of Portsmouth,said,"Shipping is the most tiger conservation? widespread human activity in our oceans,carrying a set A.It promotes local ecotourism. of threats-from unnoticeable effects like underwater B.It ensures the survival of tigers noise pollution to serious results when ships hit whales." C.It offers more land for farmers. Professor Alex Ford,from the University's Institute D.It increases the number of tigers in zoos. of Marine Sciences,said,"Given the well-documented 2.How might a farmer feel about his cattle being eaten effects that shipping can have on the marine by a tiger? environment,it is necessary that this situation continues A.Unworried. B.Depressed. to be monitored-particularly in areas used to protect C.Terrified. D.Unfortunate. vulnerable(脆弱的)species which may already be 3.What can we know about how India's tiger conservation under pressure..” model might affect other nations? 1.What can we say about the new research? A.It may help solve similar wildlife conflict issues. A.It started in 2018. B.It is applicable to tiger conservation in all countries. B.It is the first of its kind. C.It has already been widely adopted by other C.It was carried out by AIS. countries. D.It covers the whole Atlantic. D.It will replace existing conservation methods in 2.What do the underlined words "This change"in Europe. paragraph 3 refer to? 4.What does Ninad think of India's ways of tiger A.Rapid population growth. conservation? B.Rising global temperatures. A.They are ineffective.B.They are traditional. C.The huge increase in shipping. C.They are contradictory.D.They are innovative. D.The disappearance of marine life. C 3.What does Dr.Sarah Marley want to tell us in New research from the University of Portsmouth has paragraph 5? shown a marked increase in shipping in the North East A.Marine areas should be monitored more carefully. Atlantic.Scientists now warn that more monitoring is B.Noise pollution is closely related to human activity. required to help protect sea life. C.Shipping can be a danger to the marine environment. Researchers at the University of Portsmouth have D.Shipping plays an important role in the local discovered that rates of shipping in the North East economy. Atlantic area rose by 34 percent in a five-year period. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the The research is the first detailed survey of shipping text? activity in the North East Atlantic.Researchers used A.New Waterways across the Atlantic data from over 530 million vessel positions ( B.The Shipping Industry in the North East Atlantic recorded by Automatic Identification System (AIS). C.New Research Opens Windows into Life under They looked at the change in shipping between 2018 the Water and 2022 across 10 different vessel types.In total the D.Sea Life Needs Better Protection from an Increase study area covered 1.I million km2,including waters in Shipping 题号 1234.1234。 1234得分 B 答案 英语第12页（共52页）英语 different materials like rubber,which was too thick.I decided to print a film sensor with pressure-sensitive ink particles.”可知，橡胶太厚了，所以作者选择打印薄膜 传感器，因为它很薄。故选A。 4.C【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要围 绕作者为防止患有阿尔茨海默病的祖父走失，发明压 力传感器设备来保障其安全的故事。故选C。 及 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 83岁的Al Merritt在他的社区里一直是一个可靠和令人 愉快的存在。在不离开自己的社区的情况下，他完成了 “环球”骑行一一24901英里。这一壮举鼓舞了社区所 有的人。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“For the past 11 years,83-year-old Al Merritt has been a reliable and cheerful presence in his neighborhood.”可知，83岁的 Al Merritt在11年前，也就是他70多岁时就开始进行 这项任务。故选C。 2.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“At first,his rides were about five miles long,then 10 to 12 miles, and gradually the length of his outings grew.As time went by,he began to think big-the circumference of the Earth.”可知，是他的体能逐渐提高，使他产生“环球” 冒险的想法的。故选D。 3.C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“We wan- ted to tell the story of this guy.What Al Merritt repre- sents is how an individual's small acts can change an en- tire community”可推知，拍摄这部纪录片短片的目的 是激发积极的生活态度。故选C。 4.D【解析】主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章 主要讲述了83岁的Al Merritt在他的社区里一直是 一个可靠和令人愉快的存在。在不离开自己的社区 的情况下，他完成了“环球”骑行一一24901英里。这 一壮举鼓舞了社区所有的人。故选D。 C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。为了让更多的 人看到并了解自己的祖国，来自津巴布韦的Tawanda Kanhema自愿成为谷歌街景地图的志愿者并下定决心 完成津巴布韦的谷歌街景拍摄。 l.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段“Harare wasn't on Google Street View.And neither was the rest of Zimb- abwe.As Kanhema looked around more,many Western cities were on the platform,but only a handful of African countries were.”和“a lot of countries in the region were 参考答案及解析 not on the map,”可知，绝大多数非洲国家都没有出现 在谷歌街景地图中，这让Kanhema感到非常吃惊。故 选C。 2.B【解析】段落大意题。根据第三段“Google Street View helps people with everyday tasks like checking out a new commute route,choosing a restaurant or deciding where to go on vacation.The platfomm also provides a large amount of data used by Google to improve its map- ping services and by local govemments looking to make improvements to an area.”可知，该段主要介绍了谷歌 街景地图在人们日常生活中所起到的重要作用。故 选B。 3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“For Kanhema, the omission highlighted a digital divide between his hometown and major Westem cities.So he decided to try to get Zimbabwe on Google Street View.”及“We should do more to make sure that those communities are repre- sented,”可知，Kanhema为了让世界看到并了解自己 的祖国，他决定成为谷歌街景地图的志愿者来拍摄自 己的祖国。故选D。 4.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，Kanhe- ma自掏腰包开车穿越家乡的街道和高速公路并徒步 穿过河流与丛林，拍摄了2000英里的全景街景照片， 补齐了津巴布韦的谷歌地图。由此可知，他是一个具 有奉献精神、热爱祖国的人。故选B。 阅读理解—人文自然类 > 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项 关于水温变化对海龟“月光浴”行为影响的研究。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“The water is staying so warm at night that it's actually warmer than the turtles like to be and they can cool down by coming out of the water'”可知，海龟出水是为了让自己凉快。故 选C。 2.A【解析】段落大意题。根据第三段可知，研究员 进行实验的过程，包括相机位置，摄像时间间隔，收集 到的数据等。故选A。 3.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句对原 因的猜测可知，两种猜测均与水温变化有关。故 选D。 4.B【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Regardless of”,“fascinating'”,“encouraging'”可推测，作者对于这 项研究发现的态度是积极的。故选B。 参考答案及解析 B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了 印度通过综合保护策略与文化共存促进野生老虎数量 增长的成功案例，并为其他国家提供了借鉴经验。 l.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“The advantage of combining these two methods is that reserves act as a source of tigers for surrounding areas.And if coexistence no longer works,the reserves provide a fallback option- ensuring that tigers are not at risk of extinction,”可知， 结合两种保护老虎的方法的好处是能确保老虎的生 存。故选B。 2.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段“In fact,for some Indian farmers,losing cattle to a tiger does not es- sentially spell disaster.Farmers who keep their livestock in barns and enclosures are rarely affected by tigers. However,when cattle are released to graze in tiger- inhabited areas,and if a tiger eats cattle,the farmer re- ceives financial compensation from the government- turning a loss into a gain.”可推知，当农民的牛被老虎 吃掉时，他们可能会得到政府的补偿，所以他们不会 担心。故选A。 3.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段的内容可知， 印度的保护模式可能为其他国家提供解决类似野生 动物与人类冲突问题的思路，尤其是欧洲一些国家面 临的狼攻击牲畜的问题。故选A。 4.D【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段Ninad说的 "India's experience proves that large predators can sur- vive in a modem world-if we are willing to think crea- tively and find a balance between protection and coexis- tence,”可知，Ninad认为印度的经验证明了大型捕食 性动物可以在现代世界生存，前提是我们愿意创造性 地思考并在保护和共存之间找到平衡，这说明Ninad 认为印度保护老虎的方法是创新的。故选D。 C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。随着航运的急速 增长，海洋生物需要得到更好的保护。 I.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“The research is the first detailed survey of shipping activity in the North East Atlantic..”可知，该项研究是对大西洋东北 部航运活动的首次详细调查。故选B。 2.C【解析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“New research from the University of Portsmouth has shown a marked increase in shipping in the North East Atlantic..”和第二 "Researchers at the University of Portsmouth have dis- 英语 covered that rates of shipping in the North East Atlantic area rose by34 percent in a five-year period.”可知， 项新的研究发现大西洋东北部航运活动明显增加， James Robbins指出这一变化会给海洋环境带来更大 的压力。由此可推知，“This change”指的是上文中提 到的研究发现，即“航运活动的大幅度增加”。故 选C。 3.C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Shipping is the most widespread human activity in our oceans, carrying a set of threats-from unnoticeable effects like underwater noise pollution to serious results when ships hit whales..”可知，Dr.Sarah Marley通过列举水下噪 音污染和船只撞击鲸鱼的例子告诉读者航运活动会 威胁海洋环境。故选C。 4.D【解析】主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了一项关于 大西洋航运活动的最新研究，接着通过引用相关研究 人员的论述，指出航运活动的急速增加会严重威胁海 洋环境，呼吁人们密切关注航运活动对海洋生物保护 的影响，因此D项最能概括文章主旨。故选D。 阅读理解—社会现象类 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了举办 音乐节背后鲜为人知的故事。 l.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“I'd already reached my daily goal of 5,000 steps before 10 am.I did over 12,000 steps over the course of that day.That's common at a music festival.I have walked at least doub- le that amount in a single day and gone four days with next to no sleep,and I know people who have done even more,being on the ground from a week before the event to two-to-three days after.”可知，作者认为筹备音乐节 是一个体力活，需要他经常东奔西跑、熬夜通宵。故 选A。 2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“I've had artist- facing roles at many music festivals and that is quite a hot potato.”和“Not all artists and their teams are that friendly though.”可知，对于作者来说，工作中很有挑 战性的方面是自己要面对不同的艺人和团队，因为并 不是所有的艺人和团队都是友好的。故选B。 3.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文“Not all artists and their teams are that friendly though.”和下文“star- ted shouting."以及“he was quickly shut down by the or- ganizers.”可知，作者曾经遇到过一个很不友好的艺