13-主题三 人与自然-话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe）（正文）-【金牌中考总复习】2026年中考英语总复习

第三部分 话题专题训练 1 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘 （The earth and the exploration of the universe） 1 仿写练习 2 时文阅读 3 话题特训 2 单 词 1. information n. 信息 2. earth n. 地球 3. Internet n. 互联网 4.computer n. 电脑 5.spirit n. 精神 6.astronaut n. 宇航员 7.space n. 空间；太空 8.technology n. 科技 9.science n. 科学 10.produce v. 生产 11.float v. 漂浮 12.create v. 创造 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 3 单 词 13.research n. 研究 14.send v. 发送 15.gravity n. 重力；地球引力 16.test n. 测试 17.machine n. 机器 18.task n. 任务 19.modern adj. 现代的 20.pioneer n. 先驱 21.air n. 空气 22.spacesuit n. 航天服 23.spaceship n. 宇宙飞船 24.scientist n. 科学家25.Mars n. 火星 26.moon n. 月亮；月球 27.planet n. 行星 28.breathe v. 呼吸 29. succeed v. 成功 30. rocket n. 火箭 续表 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 4 短 语 1. on the radio 通过收音机 2. send up 发送 3. surf the Internet 上网 4. take the place of 取代 5. try out 试验；试用 6. keep in touch with sb.与某人保持联系 7. make great progress 取得巨大进步 8. be responsible for 对……负责 续表 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 5 短 语 9. be thirsty for 渴望 10. out of order 出毛病 11. space travel 太空旅行 12. make full use of 充分利用 13. with the development of 随着……的发展 14. have problems doing sth. 做某事有困难 15. take pride in/be proud of 以……为骄傲 16. make a contribution to 为……作贡献 续表 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 6 1. Without gravity, our bodies may become weak. 没有重力，我们的身体会变得虚弱。 2. As for teenagers, we are thirsty for knowledge. 作为青少年，我们对知识充满了渴望。 3. We should study hard and make a contribution to our mother land. 我们应该努力学习，为祖国做贡献。 4. I can learn more about space from the books. 我可以从书本上了解更多关于太空的知识。 5. We have to do sports every day to make us stronger. 我们必须每天运动来使我们身体更强壮。 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 7 1. Shopping online is becoming more and more popular. 网购变得越来越受欢迎。 【要点讲解】more and more … /比较级+and+比较级，意为“越来 越……”。 【仿写练习】我们的国家变得越来越强大。 _______________________________________ Our country becomes stronger and stronger. 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 仿写练习 8 2. We are proud of what we did. 我们为我们所做的一切感到骄傲。 【要点讲解】be proud of 意为“为……感到骄傲”。 【仿写练习】我们为伟大的科学家们感到骄傲。 _________________________________ We are proud of the great scientists. 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 仿写练习 9 3. We must keep in touch with each other. 我们一定要保持联系。 【要点讲解】get/keep in touch with … 意为“与……取得联系”。 【仿写练习】我每天通过网络和家人保持联系。 ________________________________________________ I keep in touch with my family through the Internet. 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 仿写练习 10 1. God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。 2. Great hopes make great men. 伟大的抱负造就伟大的人物。 3. Where there is a will， there is a way. 有志者事竟成。 4. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 仿写练习 11 神舟十八号载人飞船全体工作人员顺利完成太空行走任务 BEIJING, May 28, 2024（Xinhua News Agency）—The Shenzhou- 18 crew（全体工作人员） completed the first spacewalk of their mission（任务） at 6:58 p.m. （Beijing Time） on Tuesday, according to the CMSA（中国载人航天局）. 时文阅读 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 12 The two members of the Shenzhou-18, Ye Guangfu and Li Guangsu, started their spacewalk. They worked outside the Tiangong space station for nearly 8.5 hours. With the help of space equipment （设备） and a team on Earth, they successfully completed many tasks during their spacewalk, including some difficult fixing tasks. Now they have returned to the Wentian lab module（实验舱）. The third crew member, Li Cong, stayed inside Tiangong to provide support. 时文阅读 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 13 The Shenzhou-18 crew has set a new record for the longest single spacewalk by Chinese astronauts. This marked Ye's second time to have a spacewalk, and his first spacewalk was in the Shenzhou-13 mission, but this is the first time for Li Guangsu to start a spacewalk.▲ First of all, the three members will do a series of space science experiments （实验） and many necessary tests. And then, they will carry out more activities and do some fixing work outside the space station. The three astronauts will work on board Tiangong until late October, according to the CMSA. 时文阅读 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 14 So far, Chinese astronauts have successfully carried out 15 spacewalks in all. On September 27, 2008, astronaut Zhai Zhigang in Shenzhou-7 mission made history as China's first person to take a spacewalk, which lasted about 19 minutes. The Shenzhou-15 crew has achieved a milestone（里程碑） by having 4 spacewalks, marking the highest number of spacewalks by a single Chinese astronaut crew. The Shenzhou-17 members completed, for the first time, the repair work to keep the equipment in good condition during their second spacewalk, which lasted about 8 hours. 时文阅读 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 15 1. What is the news mainly about?( ) C A. Li Cong provided support inside the space station. B. The Shenzhou-17 crew started to carry out new tasks. C. The Shenzhou-18 crew completed the first spacewalk. D. Ye Guangfu worked outside the space station for 8.5 hours. 时文阅读 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 16 2. What is the new record set by the Shenzhou-18 crew?( ) A A. The longest single spacewalk. B. The most difficult fixing tasks. C. The most successful experiments. D. The highest number of spacewalks. 时文阅读 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 17 3. Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank “▲” in Paragraph 3?( ) A A. The mission will include many tasks. B. The mission will be easy. C. The mission will get them into trouble. D. The mission will be out of order. 时文阅读 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 18 4. What will the three members do in their mission according to the passage?( ) D A. Planting some fruits. B. Giving lessons to students. C. Receiving education. D. Doing many necessary tests. 时文阅读 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 19 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the last 3 paragraphs?( ) B A. The Shenzhou-17 crew has completed 4 spacewalks in all. B. China has made great achievements in Space Technology so far. C. Zhai Zhigang made history by taking a spacewalk for 190 minutes. D. The Shenzhou-15 crew completed the repair work for the first time. 时文阅读 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 20 A.完形填空。（2024·杭州二模改编 ） Gui Haichao is not only an astronaut but also a teacher of a university. On May 30th, 2023, he took the Shenzhou-16 Spacecraft （宇宙飞船） with Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu and flew to space. He won a great deal of . .1. . as he was the first man who wears glasses to space. 1. ( ) A. competitions B. fights C. races D. attention D 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 21 Gui was . .2. . in a village in Yunnan in 1986. His interest in . .3. . began at the age of 17 when he got the news of Yang Liwei's trip to space on the radio. The news . .4. . him. At that time, he . .5. . being an astronaut like Yang. 2. ( ) A. caught B. born C. interested D. experienced B 3. ( ) A. study B. life C. space D. village C 4. ( ) A. encouraged B. surprised C. reminded D. taught A 5. ( ) A. heard of B. dreamed of C. took care of D. spoke of B 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 22 Gui has got excellent educational achievements, but it's not enough. He must go through . .6. . physical training. He never thought about giving up. . .7. ., he realized his dream. 6. ( ) A. nervous B. afraid C. strict D. strange C 7. ( ) A. Finally B. Suddenly C. Usually D. Importantly A 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 23 In the eyes of his students, Gui is . .8. ..“During his training, he keeps reading our essays（论文）. Sometimes during dinner time, he would call me to give . .9. . on my essays. He is really a helpful teacher and I like him,” one of his students says. 8. ( ) A. interesting B. hard-working C. friendly D. funny B 9. ( ) A. advice B. orders C. interviews D. rules A 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 24 We have heard too many arguments about the “uselessness of studying” at our times, and we also know that there are many children in mountainous areas who may never get out of there. However, Gui . .10. . a good example to everyone. Studying can really change our life. So just dream big and study hard. 10. ( ) A. praises B. keeps C. follows D. sets D 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 25 B.阅读理解B篇。（2024·湖北） So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites （卫星） and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired（赋予灵感） by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 26 Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang'e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China's first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang'e I. More interestingly, the moon rover（巡视器） was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang'e in the story. These old stories carry people's best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 27 Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to“visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 28 Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China's first quantum（量子） science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 29 From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 1. In China, space scientists get ideas from ________ when naming satellites.( ) B ①old stories ②traditional projects ③ancient famous people ④popular inventions A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②④ D. ③④ 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 30 2. What do we know about Chang'e I according to the passage?( ) A A. It moves around the moon. B. It protects the Jade Rabbit. C. It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D. It is the world's first man-made satellite. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 31 3. How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4?( ) C A. By listing numbers. B. By comparing facts. C. By giving an example. D. By reporting a result. 4. Which is the right structure of the passage? （①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, …）( ) A A. B. C. D. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 32 5. What's the writer's main purpose of writing the passage?( ) D A. To spread the traditional Chinese culture. B. To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C. To introduce the achievements in our science and technology. D. To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 33 C.短文填空。（2024·安徽改编） 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空，使文章完整连贯。 注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 village finally decision an although face he because the for hard give On April 25, 2024, China successfully sent the Shenzhou-18 spaceship with three astronauts on board. This marked another great milestone（里程碑） in China's space exploration efforts. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 34 The commander（指令长）is Ye Guangfu, 1.____ astronaut with rich experience and leadership skills. an Ye grew up in a small 2._______ in Sichuan. He was deeply inspired（激励） by the strength of 3.____ mother who raised Ye and his sister up after their father passed away early. Ye recalled that it was 4._____ for his family to find enough money, even just 50 yuan, for him to try out to become an air force pilot. village his hard village finally decision an although face he because the for hard give 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 35 5._________ life was difficult, his love for flying and hard work got him into the Air Force Aviation University of China. This 6.________ changed his life. Although decision In 2009, Ye applied（申请） to be an astronaut. The journey wasn't easy. He had to go through difficult training, like living in the wild 7.____ 48 hours. for village finally decision an although face he because the for hard give 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 36 Becoming an astronaut, one must 8._____ many challenges and disappointments. But Ye never 9._____ up his dream. 10._______, his hard work paid off. He flew into space on the Shenzhou-13 mission on October 16, 2021. Ye was thankful for all the difficult times because they helped him keep going and stick to his dreams. face gave Finally village finally decision an although face he because the for hard give 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 37 D.读写综合。（2024·黑龙江改编） （一）回答问题。 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写 答案语法正确、语义完整。 Have you ever met your true heroes? A group of Chinese astronauts visited Hong Kong and Macao in China. They met young people there and encouraged them to have a dream of space exploration （探索）. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 38 During the visit, the group of Chinese astronauts went to many middle schools and two universities in Hong Kong. They also gave a talk in Macao and met thousands of students in both places. “The Chinese space station is really a home for the motherland in space,” Chen Dong said. He is one of the Shenzhou-14 astronauts. He hopes that he can see people from Hong Kong and Macao in the Chinese space station in the future. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 39 During a special show, Shum, a Hong Kong middle school student, felt really excited to meet the astronauts. She thinks that the astronauts are true heroes. “I am proud of our country and this makes me even interested in space,” Shum said. “The visit is special and important for students,” the chief executive of the Macao SAR（澳门特别行政区行政长官） said. He thinks that China has taken the education of science and technology seriously. The visit to Hong Kong and Macao was really successful. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 40 1. Where did a group of Chinese astronauts visit in China? _______________________________________________________________ They visited Hong Kong and Macao in China./Hong Kong and Macao. 2. Who is Chen Dong? ______________________________________ He is one of the Shenzhou-14 astronauts. 3. How did Shum feel when she met the astronauts? _______________________ She felt excited./Excited. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 41 4. What did the chief executive of the Macao SAR say? __________________________________________ The visit is special and important for students. 5. Was the visit to Hong Kong and Macao successful? ____________ Yes, it was. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 42 （二）书面表达。（2024·西安一模） 随着科技的进步，中国的航天事业得到飞速发展，在世界领域已占 有一席之地。为了储备更多的人才，西安航天基地开设了少年“航天班”， 作为新时代的青少年，我们应以成为“责任担当者”为目标。假如你就是 一名航天有志者，请根据以下问题，给“航天班”的老师写一封电子邮件， 毛遂自荐。 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 43 内容包括： 1. 自我介绍（姓名、年龄、兴趣爱好、特长等）。 2.如何实现自己的航天梦。（至少3点） 作文要求： 1. 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。 2.语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 44 Dear teacher, It's my pleasure to write to you. First of all, let me introduce myself._________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 45 第一步：分析题目 文体：________ 时态：_______________________ 人称：__________ 申请书 一般现在时&一般将来时 第一人称 第二步：列好提纲 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 46 第三步：高分句型 1. If I … , I will … 意为“如果我……，我会……”。 【例句】如果我有时间，我会和朋友去公园打篮球。 If I have time, I will go to the park to play basketball with my friends. 【仿写】如果我获得这次机会，我会很开心。 ______________________________________ If I get the chance, I will be very happy. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 47 2. enrich one's brain意为“充实某人的头脑”。 【例句】学生们努力学习，获取各种各样的知识来充实他们的头脑。 Students study hard to get all kinds of knowledge to enrich their brain. 【仿写】为了充实我的头脑，我阅读各种各样的书籍。 __________________________________________ To enrich my brain, I read all kinds of books. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 48 3. It is … for sb.to do sth.意为“做某事对某人来说……”。 【例句】学会与他人合作对我们来说很重要。 It is important for us to learn to cooperate with others. 【仿写】每天锻炼身体对我们来说很必要。 __________________________________________ It's necessary for us to do exercise every day. 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 49 第四步：运用and， in fact， not only … but also … ， besides， when， in a word等连接词连接句子 第五步：语段练习 Dear teacher, It's my pleasure to write to you. First of all, let me introduce myself. My name is ________. I am ____________. I like _________________. If I have time, I often _______________________ _______________________ on weekends. Science is my favourite subject and _______________. Li Hua 13 years old playing basketball go to the park to play basketball with my friends I am good at it 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 50 Everyone has a dream and my dream is _________________. First of all, I will ___________________________________________________ _____. Second, I will ___________________________________________ ____________. The body is the root of everything. Third, I will _________________________________________________________. Finally, when I am in trouble, I will ______________________________ _______________. Besides, ______________________________________ _____. to be an astronaut work hard to learn all kinds of knowledge to enrich my brain take an active part in physical exercise to build up my body be brave enough to face different challenges and never give up try my best or ask others for help if necessary it is important to learn to cooperate with others 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 51 I will be happy _______________________. I'm looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua if I am given the chance 话题特训 话题十三 地球与宇宙探秘（The earth and the exploration of the universe） 53 $