11-主题二 人与社会-话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations）（正文）-【金牌中考总复习】2026年中考英语总复习

第三部分 话题专题训练 1 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规 （Public order, laws and regulations） 1 仿写练习 2 时文阅读 3 话题特训 2 单 词 1. law n. 法律 2. harm n./v.损害；伤害 3. warn v. 警告 4.protect v. 保护 5.prevent v. 防止 6.safety n. 安全性 7.government n. 政府 8.spread v. 传播 9.accident n. 事故；意外 10.uniform n. 制服;校服 11.society n. 社会 12.rule n. 规则 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 3 单 词 13.regret v. 后悔 14.safety n. 安全 15.responsibility n. 责任 16.harmful adj. 有害的 17.obey v. 遵守 18.punish v. 惩罚 19.support n./v. 支持 20. happen v. 发生 续表 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 4 短 语 1. get in the way of 妨碍 2. have the right to do sth. 有权利做某事 3. offer/give one's help to do 提供帮助去做…… 4. of all ages 所有年龄段的 5. be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事 6. break out 爆发 7. be against the rules 违反规则 8. personal safety 人身安全 9. look into 向……里面看；调查 10. campus violence 校园暴力 11. keep away from 远离 12. in danger 处在危险状态 续表 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 5 1. We should try our best to escape or prevent the campus violence. 我们应尽我们最大的努力避免或阻止校园暴力。 2. We should stop factories from producing harmful gases. 我们应该阻止工厂生产有害气体。 3. It's very necessary for us to obey the traffic rules. 对我们来说遵守交通规则是很有必要的。 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 6 4. No matter where we travel， we should pay attention to our personal safety. 无论我们到哪里旅游，我们都要注意自己的人身安全。 5. I think the government should take action（s） to solve this problem. 我认为政府应当采取行动来解决这个问题。 续表 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 7 1. We must keep in mind that pride goes before a fall. 我们必须牢记，骄者必败。 【要点讲解】“keep in mind that+句子”意为“记住；牢记”。 【仿写练习】每个人都应该记住，交通安全是非常重要的。 ____________________________________________________________ Everyone should keep in mind that traffic safety is very important. 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 仿写练习 8 2. Although there are differences, most tricks have one thing in common． 尽管有差异，但是绝大多数的骗术都有一个共同之处。 【要点讲解】although 意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，同一个句子中 不与but连用。 【仿写练习】虽然别人可能不会说什么，但是我们也要注意自己公共场 合的行为。 _______________________________________________________________ ________________________ Although people may not say anything, we should also pay attention to our own public behavior. 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 仿写练习 9 3. You must pay attention to protecting the environment. 你必须注意保护环境。 【要点讲解】pay attention to（doing） sth. 意为“注意（做）某事”。 【仿写练习】网络上，人们应该注意他们个人信息的安全性。 _______________________________________________________________ _________________ People are supposed to pay attention to the safety of their personal information online. 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 仿写练习 10 1. Only by taking precautions can we take precautions. 只有防微杜渐， 才能防患未然。 2. Be careful not to make a big mistake. 小心无大错，粗心铸大过。 3. Safety comes first. 安全第一。 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 仿写练习 11 乞丐行骗方式的转变 Some beggars（乞丐） have been found to accept donations（捐赠） by mobile phone recently in eastern China. Pictures of a beggar with a printout of a QR code（二维码） round his neck in Jinan, Shandong province, have appeared on social media. The man is among several beggars accepting cash-free payments in the city. He is said to have a mental illness and is given the QR code by his family. 时文阅读 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 12 In China's increasingly cashless society, the code allows passers-by to donate by scanning（扫描） the code with their phones. Beijing News said: “A beggar armed with a smart phone and skillfully operating his or her account is probably not a person that is really in need. Technology is supposed to make life and work easier, but should never become a means（方式） for those who want to be successful without making any contribution to the world.” It called on people to refuse to help these professional（专业的） beggars and said that the police should prevent them from disturbing others. 时文阅读 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 13 As many as 60 percent of China's 700 million internet users make payments by their phone, using WeChat, which is owned by Tencent, or its rival Alipay, owned by Alibaba. WeChat users need only to have a mobile phone number to register and accept payments, which can be linked to a bank account（账户） or used to spend directly from the phone. 时文阅读 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 14 Some social media users praised the beggar.“Even beggars are keeping up with the times. There is no excuse for common people like us,” one wrote on Weibo. Others were less kind, “I wouldn't give a penny to him,” one wrote. “He's able to work and walk, not to mention using a smart phone.” 时文阅读 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 15 1. The first paragraph in the passage is used to ________.( ) D A. tell readers the living conditions of beggars B. ask readers about the meaning of a QR code C. describe why beggars all use a QR code D. introduce the topic of the passage to readers 2. What is round the beggar's neck in Jinan?( ) B A. Some pictures. B. A printout of a QR code. C. A mobile phone. D. Some money. 时文阅读 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 16 3. Which of the following is true according to Beijing News?( ) C A. People don't need to care about the beggars. B. A beggar armed with a smart phone is really in need. C. We should prevent technology from helping the professional beggars. D. Those who make no contributions to the world can be successful in China. 4. As many as ________ of China's 700 million internet users make payments by their phone.( ) B A. 50% B. 60% C. 70% D. 100% 时文阅读 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 17 5. From the passage, we know that ________.( ) B A. in China, people live a happy cash-free life B. some social media users dislike the beggars C. people should learn from the beggars above-mentioned D. more than 700 million internet users make payments by their mobile phone 时文阅读 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 18 A.语法选择。 During the 1950s and 1960s, there was a healthy social environment. If you offered your seat to . .1. . old or children, everyone would look . .2. . to you. At that time, being selfless（无私的）, honest and serving people were good, and all people learned from the . .3. .— Lei Feng. 1. ( ) A. a B. an C. the C 2. ( ) A. down B. up C. after B 3. ( ) A. hero B. heros C. heroes A 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 19 Nowadays, . .4. . most people still offer their seats to others, we can also find the fact that some young people have excuses . .5. . offering their seats. Some drivers often call out, “Who . .6. . offer the old your seat? ” It usually doesn't work. 4. ( ) A. if B. although C. unless B 5. ( ) A. to avoid B. avoided C. avoiding A 6. ( ) A. must B. should C. can C 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 20 As teenagers, what can we do? Every time an old man . .7. . next to me, I'll stand up to offer my seat. After that I feel good. Perhaps someone will say you can't change the society . .8. . alone. That's right. But I do think a little thing can change the world some day. I often talk about my idea with my classmates, and they all agree with me. 7. ( ) A. stand B. stands C. will stand B 8. ( ) A. easy B. easily C. easier B 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 21 They think that a good environment can be formed with joint（共同的） effort. . .9. . dreams of changing the world, so let's take action from simple acts like picking up waste, saving water, using both sides of paper. . .10. . small the act is, we can do it every day to help change the world for better. 9. ( ) A. Everybody B. Nobody C. Somebody A 10. ( ) A. Whatever B. Whenever C. However C 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 22 B.完形填空。（2023·珠海三模） The Law on Physical Culture and Sports（《体育法》） was used on June 24， 2022， and came into effect（生效） from January 1， 2023.According to the law， students' performance in sports competitions and activities at school should be . .1. . as a major part of their overall assessment（评估） in schools. Time for PE classes should not be . .2. . by other subjects. 1. ( ) A. included B. refused C. harmed D. doubted A 2. ( ) A. brought up B. put up C. given up D. taken up D 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 23 Each student should . .3. . at least an hour a day at school. Besides traditional sports， such as soccer and basketball， they can build up their bodies by . .4. . activities such as climbing， skateboarding and jumping rope. 3. ( ) A. think B. exercise C. cook D. cry B 4. ( ) A. watching B. choosing C. inventing D. catching B 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 24 Because of the law， schools start to design creative sports classes and activities according to the . .5. . of the students. Since last year， playing diabolo（空竹）， a traditional folk game， has been everyday exercise for . .6. . all the 367 students at Nanjing Yuhua Primary School. The much-loved . .7. . includes whole-body movements.“The sport is my favourite. 5. ( ) A. areas B. looks C. interests D. studies C 6. ( ) A. nearly B. hardly C. recently D. sadly A 7. ( ) A. animal B. food C. sport D. music C 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 25 It can help me exercise my brain and strengthen my body， and most . .8. .， it's so cool and fun，” Ma Jiayin， a fifth-grade student， said. Shen Zhuzhen， headmaster of the primary school， said， “We want to make our students stay . .9. . while having fun. And our school has also started PE classes to help learn the dragon dance，another . .10. . activity.” 8. ( ) A. poorly B. silently C. worriedly D. importantly D 9. ( ) A. uneasy B. fit C. upset D. bored B 10. ( ) A. traditional B. common C. modern D. strange A 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 26 C.阅读理解A篇。（2024·南京一模） While fake（虚假） news can take many forms, it can be divided into two broad types: misinformation and disinformation. Misinformation Misinformation is when false information is shared by someone who believes that information to be true. Normally it isn't done on purpose. Disinformation Disinformation is when misleading or even false information is shared with the intention to deceive（欺骗） others. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 27 There are lots of reasons why people share fake news. Often the person sharing it doesn't realize that it's fake. Sometimes it's done to advertise a service or product, so that someone can make money. It could even be done to make people laugh. Fake news can also be shared by someone who wants others to hear their own personal opinions and be affected by them. Still, fake news is shared to influence the opinions and beliefs of others about organizations and business. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 28 Fake news? Question it! To work out whether the “news” we are reading is fake, we can use our critical（批判性的） thinking skills to ask ourselves the following questions. Is it a mistake or just a joke? People sometimes share information, believing that it's true, because they don't realize that it's a joke. It might even be April Fools' Day! Are there lots of spelling and grammar mistakes? 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 29 If yes, it's a sign that no one is checking the content. This could mean that those writing the content are not professional writers or journalists and the news content is untrustworthy（不可靠的）. Is the article advertising something? Sometimes a news article can influence us to buy something. Companies will often pay a news organization to talk about their product as if it's “news” to encourage people to buy it. Is the headline believable? 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 30 Sensational（耸人听闻的） headlines encourage us to click on a story because they catch our attention. Some people get paid for every click, so before clicking, ask yourself, does the story sound made-up, or even impossible? Is there bias（偏见）? Sometimes certain facts have been left out of a story because the writer wants the readers to believe it. Bias is an underlying（隐含的） opinion that guides our actions. See if you can fact-check the story with another news source if you're unsure. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 31 When fake news causes stress or hurt to the person or people it targets（将……作为目标）, it is often the case that those who have helped spread it will claim they were not to blame. However, sharing fake news is just like adding fuel（燃料） to a fire. If the false information doesn't get shared, it doesn't get seen and cannot fulfil its purpose. When it comes to fake news, it's not enough to not write something, we must refuse to share it, too. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 32 1. What's the main difference between disinformation and misinformation?( ) B A. Disinformation is harmful to the public, while misinformation is not. B. Disinformation is shared to deceive others, while misinformation is often not. C. Disinformation is aimed at young people, while misinformation is aimed at older ones. D. Disinformation is produced by professionals, while misinformation by ordinary people. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 33 2. People spread fake news for the following reasons except to ________.( ) B A. trick or entertain people B. challenge the news industry C. make money through advertising D. influence public opinions and beliefs 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 34 3. According to the writer, what do lots of spelling or grammar mistakes show?( ) B A. The news report is published in a hurry. B. The news report isn't professionally written. C. The person who checks the content is careless. D. The news report is likely to be written by a machine. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 35 4. Which of the following can help us tell if a piece of news is fake?( ) ①a biased fact is given ②its headline is sensational ③the news content seems like a joke ④any product or service is mentioned A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ A 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 5. Which of the following best describes the writer's opinion on sharing fake news?( ) D A. Support. B. Praise. C. Doubt. D. Disagree. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 37 D.读写综合。 （一）回答问题。 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。 Zhang Yi is a 21-year-old girl from Guangzhou, China. Now she studies in Britain. One day, when she was taking a train from London to Oxford, she heard loud noises on the train. Before, the train had been very quiet. Some people were resting while others were reading books or listening to music. Suddenly, a group of Chinese people laughed loudly as they played a card game. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 38 Now more and more Chinese people are traveling abroad. However, their bad manners have given them a bad reputation（名声）.A recent US survey of 5,600 people from five countries showed that Chinese people are the second worst tourists. The worst are American tourists. Some Chinese tourists talk loudly in places like cafes and museums. Some Chinese tourists also like to write or draw pictures on famous buildings. In Singapore, some Chinese tourists are fined（罚款） because they were smoking in non-smoking areas. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） Some people may say that they can do everything that they want because they spend money in the country. In fact it is not true. While enjoying ourselves, we should also respect local customs and take care of the environment. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 1. Which country does Zhang Yi study in now? __________________________ Zhang Yi studies in Britain. 2. What game did the group of Chinese people play on the train? _______________________________________________________ The group of Chinese people play a card game on the train. 3. What has given Chinese tourists a bad reputation? _____________________________________________________________ Their bad manners（have given Chinese tourists a bad reputation）. 4. Who are the worst tourists in those five countries? ____________________________________________________________ American tourists（are the worst tourists in those five countries ）. 5. Why were Chinese tourists fined in Singapore? _____________________________________________ Because they were smoking in non-smoking areas. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 41 （二）书面表达。 古语有云“没有规矩, 不成方圆”, 作为生活在当今和谐社会 （harmonious society）中的我们，不论是在家里还是外出旅行，都应该 遵守相关的规则。假如下周你的班级将举办关于这个话题的班会，请你 根据以下要点提示，届时在班会上向同学们谈谈你的看法。 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 42 作文要求： 1. 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。 2.语句连贯，词数80个左右。作文的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear classmates, We're living in a harmonious society. As teenagers,______________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That's all. Thank you. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 43 第一步：分析题目 文体：________ 时态：____________ 人称：__________ 说明文 一般现在时 第三人称 第二步：列好提纲 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 44 第三步：高分句型 1. so that … 意为“为了……”。 【例句】我努力学习是为了赶上其他人。 I study hard so that I can catch up with others. 【仿写】有些人不经允许采花来拍照是为了在网络上炫耀。 _______________________________________________________________ _______________ Some pick flowers without permission to take photos so that they can show off online. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 45 2. result in 意为“导致”。 【例句】这个实验导致了一个令人惊讶的发现。（实验：experiment ） The experiment resulted in a surprising discovery. 【仿写】有些人为了好玩去爬树，这可能会导致严重的事故。 ___________________________________________________________ Some climb trees for fun , which may result in serious accidents. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 46 3. keep away from 意为“远离……”。 【例句】你认为我们青少年应该远离网络吗？ Do you think we teenagers should keep away from the Internet? 【仿写】他们应该小心点不给当地人造成麻烦，并远离危险。 （造成：cause） _______________________________________________________________ ______________________ They should be careful not to cause trouble to the local people and keep away from danger. 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 47 第四步：运用however， besides， so that等连接词连接句子 第五步：语段练习 Dear classmates, We're living in a harmonious society. As teenagers, _____________ ______________________________________. Everybody should make an effort. However, some people _______________________________________. Some visitors ________________________________________________________. Besides, some __________________________________________ so that it's necessary for us to obey some rules when we travel still behave badly in public when traveling throw rubbish everywhere and leave plastic bags flying around pick flowers without permission to take photos 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 48 they can show off online. And some __________________, which may result in ________________. I think it's wrong to enjoy oneself at the cost of others. Visitors _______________________________________________________________ _________. They should _______________________. And they should be careful not to _______________________________________________ ______. Let's _______________________________, no matter where we travel. That's all. Thank you. climb trees for fun serious accidents are supposed to protect the environment, like putting rubbish into proper bins cherish flowers and trees cause trouble to the locals and keep away from danger try our best to be a polite person 话题特训 话题十一 公共秩序与法律法规（Public order, laws and regulations） 50 $