2026年人教版英语中考必考单词 知识点讲解

中考英语一轮复习【词汇短语专题】(1-60词讲义) 1. ability(n. 能力,才能) 词性转换:able(adj. 能的,能够的);unable(adj. 不能的,无能力的,反义词) 核心短语: be able to do sth 能够做某事 be unable to do sth 不能做某事 have the ability to do sth 有能力做某事 中考造句:As a student, we should have the ability to solve problems by ourselves.(作为学生,我们应该有能力自己解决问题。) 2. action(n. 行动) 核心短语: take action to do sth 采取行动做某事 action movies 动作影片 中考造句:We must take action to stop people from cutting down trees.(我们必须采取行动阻止人们砍伐树木。) 3. activity(n. 活动) 词性转换:activities(n. 复数形式);active(adj. 活跃的,积极的) 中考造句:We often take part in different kinds of after-school activities to relax.(我们经常参加各种课外活动来放松。) 4. actor(n. 男演员) 中考造句:The actor won the best actor award in the film festival.(这位男演员在电影节上获得了最佳男演员奖。) 5. actress(n. 女演员) 中考造句:She works hard and hopes to become a successful actress one day.(她努力工作,希望有一天能成为一名成功的女演员。) 6. address(n. 地址) 中考造句:Please write down your email address so that we can contact you.(请写下你的邮箱地址,以便我们联系你。) 7. advantage(n. 优点) 词性转换:disadvantage(n. 缺点,反义词) 中考造句:Using e-books has the advantage of saving paper.(使用电子书有节约纸张的优点。) 8. advice(n. 建议,不可数名词) 词性转换:advise(v. 建议) 核心短语: a piece of advice 一条建议 ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议 中考造句:When you are in trouble, you can ask your teachers for advice.(当你遇到困难时,你可以向老师寻求建议。) 感叹句:What useful advice it is!(多么有用的建议啊!) 9. Africa(n. 非洲) 词性转换:African(adj. 非洲的,非洲人的;n. 非洲人) 核心短语: African countries 非洲国家 South Africa 南非 North Africa 北非 中考造句:South Africa is a beautiful country in Africa with rich natural resources.(南非是非洲一个美丽的国家,拥有丰富的自然资源。) 10. afternoon(n. 下午) 核心短语: in the afternoon 在下午 on the afternoon of May 1st 在5月1日的下午 on a sunny afternoon 在一个晴朗的下午 on a spring afternoon 在一个春天的下午 中考造句:We will have an English exam on the afternoon of June 10th.(6月10日下午我们将有一场英语考试。) 11. age(n. 年龄) 核心短语:at the age of… 在……岁时 中考造句:He started to learn English at the age of five and can speak it well now.(他五岁时开始学英语,现在能说得很好。) 12. agree(v. 同意) 词性转换:agreement(n. 同意);disagree(v. 不同意,反义词) 核心短语: agree with sb 同意某人的意见 agree to do sth 同意做某事 中考造句:I agree to help my classmates with their English after school.(我同意放学后帮同学们补习英语。) 13. air(n. 空气) 核心短语: air pollution 空气污染 fresh air 新鲜空气 中考造句:Planting more trees can reduce air pollution and improve our living environment.(种更多的树可以减少空气污染,改善我们的生活环境。) 14. airport(n. 机场) 核心短语:at the airport 在机场 中考造句:My father will pick me up at the airport when I return from Beijing.(我从北京回来时,爸爸会去机场接我。) 15. America(n. 美国) 词性转换:American(adj. 美国的,美国人的;n. 美国人) 中考造句:American students usually have a long holiday in summer.(美国学生通常在夏天有一个长假。) 16. animal(n. 动物) 核心短语:wild animals 野生动物 中考造句:We should protect wild animals because they are our good friends.(我们应该保护野生动物,因为它们是我们的好朋友。) 17. ant(n. 蚂蚁) 中考造句:Ants are small but they work very hard together.(蚂蚁很小,但它们一起努力工作。) 18. apple(n. 苹果) 谚语:An apple a day keeps the doctor away.(日食一苹果,疾病莫缠我。) 中考造句:Eating an apple every day is good for our health.(每天吃一个苹果对我们的健康有好处。) 19. April(n. 四月) 核心短语:in April 在四月 中考造句:We will hold a school trip in April this year.(今年四月我们将举行一次学校旅行。) 20. area(n. 地域,地区) 核心短语:in poor areas 在贫穷的地区 中考造句:Many schools have been built in poor areas in recent years.(近年来,贫困地区建了许多学校。) 21. arm(n. 手臂) 中考造句:He broke his arm in a traffic accident and had to stay in hospital.(他在一次交通事故中摔断了手臂,不得不住院。) 22. army(n. 部队) 核心短语:join the army 参军 中考造句:It is his dream to join the army and protect our country.(参军保卫我们的国家是他的梦想。) 23. art(n. 艺术) 词性转换:artist(n. 艺术家) 核心短语: art show 艺术展 art club 艺术俱乐部 中考造句:She joined the art club to improve her painting skills.(她加入艺术俱乐部是为了提高自己的绘画技巧。) 24. article(n. 文章) 中考造句:I wrote an article about my summer vacation for the school newspaper.(我为校报写了一篇关于我的暑假的文章。) 25. Asia(n. 亚洲) 词性转换:Asian(n. 亚洲人;adj. 亚洲的,亚洲人的) 中考造句:China is one of the largest countries in Asia.(中国是亚洲最大的国家之一。) 26. attention(n. 注意,关注) 核心短语: pay attention to doing sth 关注做某事 catch/draw one's attention 吸引某人的注意 中考造句:We must pay attention to correcting our mistakes in English.(我们必须注意纠正英语中的错误。) 27. August(n. 八月) 核心短语:in August 在八月 中考造句:Most students have a two-month holiday in August.(大多数学生在八月有一个两个月的假期。) 28. aunt(n. 姑母;姨母;伯母;婶母;舅母) 中考造句:My aunt will bring me a gift when she comes to visit us.(我姑姑来看我们时会给我带一份礼物。) 29. Australia(n. 澳大利亚) 词性转换:Australian(n. 澳大利亚人;adj. 澳大利亚的,澳大利亚人的) 中考造句:Many Australian students come to China to learn Chinese every year.(每年有许多澳大利亚学生来中国学习中文。) 30. autumn(n. 秋天) 核心短语:in autumn = in fall 在秋天 补充短语:fallen leaves 落叶 中考造句:We often go to the park to enjoy the beautiful fallen leaves in autumn.(秋天我们经常去公园欣赏美丽的落叶。) 31. accept(v. 接受,主观上乐于接受) 辨析:receive(v. 收到,客观上收到,不强调主观意愿) 核心短语: receive/get a letter from sb = hear from sb 收到某人的来信 accept one's invitation 接受某人的邀请 turn down one's invitation 拒绝某人的邀请 中考造句:She accepted the invitation to take part in the school English speech contest.(她接受了参加学校英语演讲比赛的邀请。) 32. achieve(v. 实现) 词性转换:achievement(n. 成就) 核心短语:achieve one's dream 实现某人的梦想 补充:sb + achieve + 梦想/目标;梦想 + come true(实现) 中考造句:With hard work, we can achieve our dreams and make them come true.(通过努力,我们可以实现我们的梦想,让它们成真。) 33. add(v. 增加,添加) 核心短语: add up 合计,加起来 add … to … 把……加到……里面去 中考造句:Add two more numbers and you will get the correct answer.(再加上两个数字,你就会得到正确的答案。) 34. advise(v. 建议) 同义词:suggest(v. 建议) 核心短语:advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 被动结构:sb be advised to do sth 某人被建议做某事 中考造句:Our teacher advises us to keep a diary to improve our writing.(我们的老师建议我们写日记来提高写作水平。) 35. afford(v. 负担得起) 核心短语:can't/couldn't afford to do sth 负担不起做某事 中考造句:His family is too poor to afford to buy a new computer for him.(他的家庭太穷,负担不起给他买一台新电脑。) 36. allow(v. 允许) 核心短语: allow sb (not) to do sth 允许某人(不)做某事 被动结构:sb be allowed to do sth 某人被允许做某事 allow doing sth 允许做某事 中考造句:Students are not allowed to bring snacks into the classroom.(学生不允许把零食带进教室。) 37. appear(v. 出现) 词性转换:appearance(n. 出现,外貌);disappear(v. 消失,反义词) 中考造句:The moon appeared in the sky after the rain stopped.(雨停后,月亮出现在天空中。) 38. arrive(v. 到达) 词性转换:arrival(n. 到达) 核心短语: arrive in + 大地点(如城市、国家) arrive at + 小地点(如车站、学校) get to + 地点名词 reach + 地点 中考造句:They will arrive at our school at 9 a.m. tomorrow.(他们明天上午9点将到达我们学校。) 41. ask(v. 请求,要求) 核心短语: ask sb (not) to do sth 要求某人(不)做某事 被动结构:sb be asked (not) to do sth 某人被要求(不)做某事 ask sb for help 向某人寻求帮助 ask sb for advice 向某人寻求意见 ask sb about sth 向某人询问某事 中考造句:When I have difficulty in learning math, I ask my teacher for help.(当我学习数学有困难时,我向老师寻求帮助。) 42. attend(v. 出席,参加) 辨析: attend:参加正式场合(如婚礼、音乐会、毕业典礼) join:参加党派、团体,成为其中一员(如入党、加入俱乐部) take part in:参加活动,强调发挥积极作用 核心短语: attend the wedding 参加婚礼 attend a/the concert 参加音乐会 attend the graduation ceremony 参加毕业典礼 join the Party 入党 take part in a basketball match 参加篮球比赛 take an active part in… 积极参加…… 中考造句:All students are required to attend the school opening ceremony.(所有学生都必须参加学校的开学典礼。) 43. avoid(v. 避免) 核心短语:avoid doing sth 避免做某事 中考造句:We should avoid making careless mistakes in the final exam.(我们应该避免在期末考试中犯粗心的错误。) 44. absent(adj. 缺席的) 核心短语:be absent from 缺席(后接地点) 中考造句:He was absent from the math test because he was seriously ill.(他因为重病缺席了数学考试。) 45. afraid(adj. 害怕的) 核心短语: be afraid of doing sth 担心某事会发生(主观不情愿) be afraid to do sth 因内心恐惧而不敢做某事 中考造句:Many students are afraid to speak English in public.(许多学生害怕在公共场合说英语。) 46. alive(adj. 活着的) 反义词:dead(adj. 死的) 中考造句:After the earthquake, many people were lucky to be alive.(地震后,许多人幸运地活了下来。) 47. ancient(adj. 古代的,古老的) 核心短语:an ancient city 一座古城 中考造句:There are many ancient buildings in our city with a history of 2000 years.(我们城市有许多有着2000年历史的古建筑。) 48. angry(adj. 生气的) 词性转换:angrily(adv. 生气地) 核心短语: be angry with sb 生某人的气 be angry at sth 因某事而生气 中考造句:My teacher was angry with me because I forgot to bring my homework.(我的老师因为我忘记带作业而生我的气。) 49. asleep(adj. 睡着的,仅作表语) 辨析:awake(adj. 醒着的,仅作表语) 核心短语: fall asleep 入睡 feel sleepy 感到困倦的 中考造句:He was so tired after studying all day that he fell asleep quickly.(他学习了一整天,太累了,很快就睡着了。) 50. awful(adj. 很坏的,讨厌的) 中考造句:The food in this restaurant is awful and no one wants to eat here.(这家餐馆的食物很难吃,没人想在这里吃。) 51. abroad(adv. 在国外,到国外) 核心短语: go abroad 出国 study abroad 出国留学 中考造句:Many students hope to study abroad to learn more knowledge.(许多学生希望出国留学,学习更多的知识。) 52. again(adv. 再一次,又一次) 核心短语: again and again 再三地,反复地 over and over again 再三,反复 over again 再一次 中考造句:Our teacher asks us to read the new words again and again to remember them.(老师让我们反复读新单词来记住它们。) 53. ago(adv. 以前) 中考造句:He moved to our city ten years ago and has lived here ever since.(他十年前搬到我们城市,从那以后就一直住在这里。) 54. almost(adv. 几乎,差不多) 中考造句:It's almost time for class; please get ready for the lesson.(快上课了,请准备好上课。) 55. alone(adv. 独自,单独) 辨析: alone:客观上独自一人,无感情色彩,= by oneself = on one's own lonely:adj. 孤独的,寂寞的,荒凉的,强调内心感受 中考造句:Though he lives alone, he often helps others and never feels lonely.(虽然他独自居住,但他经常帮助别人,从不感到孤独。) 56. already(adv. 已经) 用法:多用于现在完成时,位于助动词之后、实义动词之前 中考造句:I have already finished my homework and can watch TV for a while.(我已经完成了作业,可以看一会儿电视了。) 57. also(adv. 也) 辨析: also:肯定句中,位于be动词、助动词之后,实义动词之前 too:肯定句句末,前面常用逗号隔开 either:否定句句末,前面常用逗号隔开 中考造句:I also want to take part in the school sports meeting this year.(我也想参加今年的学校运动会。) 58. always(adv. 总是) 反义词:never(adv. 从不) 中考造句:She always helps her classmates and is popular in our class.(她总是帮助同学,在我们班很受欢迎。) 59. anyway(adv. 而且,加之,无论如何) 中考造句:We were tired, but we went on with our work anyway.(我们很累,但我们还是继续工作。) 60. anywhere(adv. 在任何地方) 用法:多用于否定句、疑问句中,肯定句中常用everywhere 中考造句:I looked for my English book anywhere, but I couldn't find it.(我到处找我的英语书,但就是找不到。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $