Unit 8 How do people get along with each other（易错题专项练习·语法提升）英语沪教版四年级下册（新教材）

Unit 8 How do people get along with each other? 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 高频易错点03 情态动词的礼貌用法（表示请求 / 许可） 高频易错点01 一般现在时 vs 现在进行时 高频易错点02 礼貌请求句型 May I...? / Can I...? 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 一般现在时 vs 现在进行时高频易错点01 本单元核心语法，用来区分习惯性动作和此刻正在进行的动作。 基本用法对比： 时态 用法 结构 例句 一般现在时 表示经常性、习惯性的动作（usually/often/sometimes） 主语 + 动词原形 / 三单 She often goes to the park. 现在进行时 表示此刻正在进行的动作（now/today） 主语 + am/is/are + 动词 - ing She's looking after her brother now. 易错点提示 1. ❌ 错误：She often going to the park.（习惯性动作用了 - ing 形式） ✅ 正确：She often goes to the park.（一般现在时用三单形式） 2. ❌ 错误：She look after her brother now.（现在进行时缺少 be 动词和 - ing） ✅ 正确：She is looking after her brother now.（be + 动词 - ing） 3. ❌ 错误：It's 9:15. Miss Lu works in the office.（此刻正在做的事用了一般现在时） ✅ 正确：It's 9:15. Miss Lu is helping the old people today.（用现在进行时表示此刻 / 今天的特殊情况） 小练笔 1、 用括号内动词的适当形式填空 1. Miss Lu usually __________ (work) in the office. 2. Today she __________ (help) the old people in a hospital. 3. She often __________ (read) a book in the evening. 4. Now she __________ (listen) to music. 5. The children __________ (play) basketball at school every day. 2、 按要求改写句子 1. She usually has a meeting at 2:30 p.m.（改为现在进行时，today） ________________________________________ 2. They are sharing their toys now.（改为一般现在时，usually） ________________________________________ 点拨 1、 答案： 1. works 2.is helping 3. reads 4.is listening 5.play 解析： usually/often/every day 表示习惯性动作，用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数时动词加 - s。 today/now 表示此刻 / 今天正在进行的动作，用现在进行时（be + 动词 - ing）。 2、 答案： 1. She is having a meeting today. 解析：改为现在进行时，用 is having，易错点：不要漏写 is，动词用 - ing 形式。 2. They usually share their toys. 解析：改为一般现在时，主语 they 是复数，动词用原形 share，易错点：不要加 - s。 礼貌请求句型 May I...? / Can I...?高频易错点02 本单元用来礼貌地提出请求，是口语交流的核心句型。 基本结构： May I + 动词原形...?（更礼貌，用于正式场合） Can I + 动词原形...?（更口语化，用于日常交流） 例句： May I come in?（我可以进来吗？） May I use your coloured pencils?（我可以用你的彩笔吗？） 易错点提示 1. ❌ 错误：May I uses your eraser?（动词用了三单形式） ✅ 正确：May I use your eraser?（情态动词后必须跟动词原形） 2. ❌ 错误：Can I borrow your basketball? Sure. You can't use it now.（答句逻辑矛盾） ✅ 正确：Can I borrow your basketball? Sure. Here you are.（肯定答句要匹配请求） 3. ❌ 错误：May I come in? Yes, you can't.（答句前后矛盾） ✅ 正确：May I come in? Yes, please.（礼貌请求的肯定答句用 Yes, please.） 小练笔 1、 选择合适的单词补全句子 1. __________ (May / Am) I use your coloured pencils? 2. Can I __________ (borrows /borrow) your eraser? 3. May I come in? __________ (No, you can't. / Yes, please.) 4. __________ (Can / Am) I use your skipping rope? 5. May I __________ (uses /use) your paints? 二、连词成句 1.your, use, may, pencils, coloured, I (?) _________________________________________ 2.borrow, I, can, basketball, your (?) _________________________________________ 点拨 1、 填空答案： 1. May 2.borrow 3.Yes, please. 4.Can 5.use 解析： May 和 Can 是情态动词，后面必须跟动词原形；礼貌请求的肯定答句用 Yes, please. 易错点：不要在情态动词后加动词的 - s/-ing 形式，答句不要前后矛盾。 2、 连词成句答案： 1. May I use your coloured pencils? 解析：礼貌请求句型，易错点：不要把 May 写成 Am，use 用原形。 2. Can I borrow your basketball? 解析：口语请求句型，易错点：不要把 Can 写成 Am，borrow 用原形。 高频易错点03 情态动词的礼貌用法（表示请求 / 许可） 本单元用来表达礼貌的请求和回应，重点掌握常用的礼貌用语。 常用表达： 请求：May I...? / Can I...? 回应：Yes, please. / Sure. Here you are. / Sorry, I'm using it now. 礼貌用语：please / thank you / excuse me 易错点提示 1. ❌ 错误：Borrow your pencil!（不礼貌的直接请求） ✅ 正确：May I borrow your pencil, please?（用 May I 和 please 表示礼貌） 2. ❌ 错误：Here you are. （没有回应请求的礼貌用语） ✅ 正确：Here you are. Thank you.（请求方要回应 Thank you） 3. ❌ 错误：Excuse me, where is the pencil?（excuse me 用在不合适的场景） ✅ 正确：Excuse me, may I borrow your pencil?（excuse me 用于引起注意，再提出请求） 小练笔 1、 选择合适的礼貌用语补全对话 1. — __________ (Excuse me / Sorry), may I use your skipping rope? — Sure. Here you are.— __________ (Thank you / Please). 2. — May I come in? — __________ (No / Yes), please. 3. — Can I use your paints? — __________ (Sorry / No), I'm using them now. 4. — __________ (Please / Excuse me) pass the ball. — OK. Here you are. 1、 按要求改写句子 1. I want to use your eraser.（用 May I 改写为礼貌请求） __________________________________________________ 2. Give me your coloured pencils.（改为礼貌请求句） __________________________________________________ 点拨 1、 填空 答案：1. Excuse me; Thank you 2.Yes 3.Sorry 4.Please 解析： Excuse me 用于礼貌地引起注意；Thank you 用于回应别人的帮助；Yes, please. 用于回应请求；Sorry 用于拒绝请求并说明原因；Please 用于表示礼貌的祈使句。 易错点：不要用 No 回应礼貌请求，拒绝时要用 Sorry 并说明原因。 2、 改写句子答案： 1. May I use your eraser, please? 解析：用 May I 改写请求，加上 please 表示礼貌，易错点：不要漏写 please。 2. May I use your coloured pencils, please? / Can I borrow your coloured pencils? 解析：将祈使句改为礼貌请求句，易错点：不要用直接命令的语气，要用 May I/Can I。 综合训练 一、单项选择 1．She _______ at her friends and says hello. (    ) A．smile B．smiles C．smiling 2．There _______ a new friend in our group. (    ) A．is B．are C．am 3．We _______ happily with our good friends. (    ) A．play B．plays C．playing 4．—_______ do people get along with each other? (    ) —Be kind and helpful. A．How B．What C．Where 5．He _______ about his friends very much. (    ) A．care B．cares C．caring 6．What _______ you do to be friendly? (    ) A．do B．does C．is 7．She _______ her food with her deskmate. (    ) A．share B．shares C．sharing 8．I _______ my classmates very well. (    ) A．get along with B．gets along with C．getting along with 二、选择合适短语，用适当形式填空 get along with,  help each other,  share toys,  be kind to,  play together 1．We should our classmates at school. 2．Good friends always when they are in need. 3．She likes to with her little sister. 4．We must old people around us. 5．My friends and I often on the playground. 三、句型转换 1．We are kind to old people. (改为一般疑问句) _______ you _______ to old people? 2．He talks with his friend after class. (对划线部分提问) _______ does he _______ after class? 3．She shares her toys with me. (改为一般疑问句) _______ she _______ her toys with you? 4．We get along well by sharing. (对划线部分提问) _______ do you get along well? 5．They help each other at school. (改为否定句) They _______ _______ each other at school. 四、句子匹配。 A．We play games together. B．Yes, we do. C．By being kind and sharing. D．I care about their feelings. E. My desk mate and my group members. 1．How do people get along with each other? ( ) 2．What do you do with your friends? ( ) 3．Do you help each other at school? ( ) 4．Who do you get along with? ( ) 5．What do you do to care about friends? ( ) 五、阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。 Today is Saturday. It’s fine. My parents and I go to the zoo. First, we come to see the monkeys. Look at those monkeys! Some are playing with each other. Some are swinging (荡秋千) in the tree, some are making faces, and some are eating bananas. Then we go to see the peacocks (孔雀) . How beautiful they are! They have long tails and small mouths. They are all wearing colourful clothes. They look pretty. They are dancing together happily. At last, we come to see a very big animal. It has a long nose and two big ears. Its ears look like two big fans. What is it? Ha-ha, it’s an elephant. It’s very friendly. My father takes a photo for it. I am very happy today. I hope people can get along well with (与……友好相处) the animals forever. 1．I go to the zoo with my dad and mom. ( ) 2．The monkeys are playing, swimming and dancing. ( ) 3．The peacocks are beautiful. ( ) 4．The elephant has a long nose and two big eyes. ( ) 5．We should love animals. ( ) 参考答案 一、1．B 【详解】句意：她朝朋友们微笑并打招呼。本题考查动词的形式，句子是陈述句肯定形式，时态为一般现在时，主语She是第三人称，动词用第三人称单数smiles，故选B。 2．A 【详解】句意：我们组有一位新朋友。本题考查there be句型。a new friend是单数，be用is，故选A。 3．A 【详解】句意：我们和我们的好朋友们开心地玩耍。本题考查动词的形式，句子是陈述句的肯定形式，时态是一般现在时，主语We是第一人称复数，动词用原形play，故选A。 4．A 【详解】句意：—人们如何彼此相处？—待人友善，乐于助人。本题考查疑问词，How用于询问行为方式，What用于询问具体事物或内容，Where用于询问地点，答句是在说明相处的方式，故选A。 5．B 【详解】句意：他非常关心他的朋友。本题考查动词的形式，句子是陈述句肯定形式，时态为一般现在时，主语He是第三人称，动词用第三人称单数cares，故选B。 6．A 【详解】句意：你做什么来表现友好？本题考查助动词。句中已有实义动词do，故排除选项C，句子时态为一般现在时，主语you是第二人称，变一般疑问句要借助助动词do，排除选项B，故选A。 7．B 【详解】句意：她和她的同桌分享食物。本题考查动词的形式。句子是一般现在时，句子主语She是第三人称，动词用第三人称单数shares，故选B。 8．A 【详解】句意：我和我的同学相处得很好。本题考查动词的形式。get along with相处融洽，该句是一般现在时，主语I是第一人称，动词用原形get，故选A。 二、1．get along with 2．help each other 3．share toys 4．be kind to 5．play together 【解析】1．句意：我们在学校应该和我们的同学和睦相处。get along with和睦相处，符合句意，故答案为get along with。 2．句意：好朋友总是在他们需要时互相帮助。help each other互相帮助，符合句意，故答案为help each other。 3．句意：她喜欢和她的小妹妹分享玩具。share toys分享玩具，符合句意，故答案为share toys。 4．句意：我们必须善待周围的老人。be kind to善待，符合句意，故答案为be kind to。 5．句意：我的朋友们和我经常在操场上一起玩。play together一起玩，符合句意，故答案为play together。 三、1． Are kind 【详解】原句句意：我们对老人很友善。本题考查句型转换。题目要求改为一般疑问句。句中有be动词are，变一般疑问句只需要将其提到主语前，其余不变。故答案为Are；kind。 2．What do 【详解】原句句意：他下课后和朋友聊天。本题考查句型转换。句子是一般现在时，划线部分是具体活动，用what来提问，问句为：他下课后做什么？助动词does后的动词用原形，do做，故答案为What；do。 3．Does share 【详解】原句句意：她和我分享她的玩具。本题考查句型转换。原句谓语动词shares是第三人称单数，改为一般疑问句，助动词用does，shares变原形share，故答案为Does；share。 4．How 【详解】句意：我们通过分享相处融洽。本题考查句型转换，划线部分是方式，用how提问，句子是一般现在时，主语we变you，助动词用do，故答案为How。 5．don’t help 【详解】原句句意：在学校他们相互帮助。本题考查句型转换。题目要求改为否定句。句中有实义动词help，句子时态为一般现在时，主语they是复数，变否定要借助助动词don’t(do not的缩写)，后跟动词原形help。故答案为don’t，help。 四、1．C 2．A 3．B 4．E 5．D 【解析】1．句意：人们是如何相处的？答语回答如何相处。选项C“通过善良和分享。”与句子匹配，故选C。 2．句意：你和你的朋友们都做些什么？答语回答做什么。选项A“我们一起玩游戏。”与句子匹配，故选A。 3．句意：你们在学校里互相帮助吗？答语回答是或不是。选项B“是的，我们相互帮助。”与句子匹配，故选B。 4．句意：你和谁相处得来？答语回答谁。选项E“我的同桌和我的小组成员。”与句子匹配，故选E。 5．句意：你如何关心朋友？答语回答方式。选项D“我关心他们的感受。”与句子匹配，故选D。 五、1．T 2．F 3．T 4．F 5．T 【导语】本文主要介绍作者周末在动物园的见闻。 1．句意：我和我的爸爸和妈妈一起去动物园。根据“My parents and I go to the zoo.”可知是和父母一起去动物园，故答案为T。 2．句意：猴子正在玩，游泳和跳舞。根据“Some are playing with each other. Some are swinging (荡秋千) in the tree, some are making faces, and some are eating bananas.”可知是正在玩，荡秋千，做鬼脸和吃香蕉，故答案为F。 3．句意：孔雀是漂亮的。根据“Then we go to see the peacocks (孔雀) . How beautiful they are!”可知孔雀是漂亮的，故答案为T。 4．句意：大象有长鼻子和两只大眼睛。根据“It has a long nose and two big ears.”可知是大耳朵，故答案为F。 5．句意：我们应该爱动物。根据“I hope people can get along well with (与……友好相处) the animals forever.”可知应该爱动物，故答案为T。 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $