专题12 三大从句（复习讲义）（上海专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题12 三大从句（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 四大高频状语从句 考点二 宾语从句 考点三 定语从句 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1.从命题形式上看，主要出现在单项选择、完成句子、句型转换等题型中，以单项选择为核心考查形式。 2.从命题内容上看，状语从句连词辨析、宾语从句语序与时态为高频考点，状语从句占比最高，宾语从句侧重语序与时态搭配。 热考角度 考点 2026年 2025年 条件状语从句（if/unless） 嘉定、松江、奉贤、长宁、黄浦、金山、宝山、普陀、闵行、杨浦、徐汇 静安、金山、奉贤、嘉定、青浦、闵行、宝山、松江、徐汇、普陀、浦东、黄浦 让步状语从句（though/although） 松江、奉贤、长宁、徐汇 静安、奉贤、青浦、闵行、宝山、虹口、黄浦、浦东、崇明、杨浦、徐汇 时间状语从句（when/while/until/as soon as） 嘉定、黄浦、虹口、徐汇 金山、嘉定、闵行、宝山、虹口、松江 原因状语从句（because/since） 宝山 嘉定、黄浦、青浦 目的状语从句（so that） 宝山、虹口 闵行、宝山 宾语从句（引导词 +语序） 嘉定、徐汇、闵行、浦东、金山、黄浦、青浦、长宁 静安、浦东、黄浦、金山、徐汇 宾语从句（时态） 嘉定、徐汇、闵行、浦东、金山、黄浦、青浦、长宁 静安、浦东、黄浦、金山、徐汇 命题预测 1.语境化：结合校园、生活、科技、社会热点等场景考查句意理解与连词、从句运用。 2.高频化：unless/if/though/until连词辨析、宾语从句陈述语序、主从句时态一致为必考核心。 3.句型化：状语从句同义转换（unless=if…not）、宾语从句直接引语变间接引语、祈使句与条件状语从句转换为常考变形。 4.易错化：while 只接延续性动词、not…until 固定搭配、宾语从句真理用一般现在时、主句过去时从句倒退时态是失分重点。 考点一四大高频状语从句 1．（2025·四川凉山）—Labor education is important for students’ development. —Sure. ________ schools put it into practice, students will be more independent. A．Although B．Unless C．If 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——劳动教育对学生的发展很重要。——当然。如果学校把它付诸实践，学生将更加独立。 考查if引导的条件状语从句。Although尽管；Unless除非；If如果。根据“...schools put it into practice, students will be more independent.”可知，如果学校把它付诸实践，学生将更加独立，用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。 2．（2025·山东东营）________ you’ve finished your homework, you may go out and play. A．Since B．Before C．Unless D．Although 【答案】A 【解析】句意：既然你完成了作业，你就可以出去玩。 考查连词辨析。Since既然；Before在……之前；Unless除非；Although虽然。根据“you’ve finished your homework, you may go out and play.”可知是指既然完成了作业，就可以出去玩了。故选A。 3．（2025·江苏无锡）________ it may not work on everyone, it may work on you. A．Though B．But C．Because D．Since 【答案】A 【解析】句意：虽然它可能不会对每个人都有效，但它可能对你有效。 考查连词辨析。Though尽管，虽然；But但是；Because因为；Since自从。根据“... it may not work on everyone, it may work on you.”可知，此处表示让步关系，表示尽管它可能不会对每个人有效，但可能对你有效，用though引导让步状语从句。故选A。 4．（2025·四川成都）Xu Dawei wants to pass the Civilian Mobile Library on to his son ________ it can stay open forever. A．before B．although C．so that 【答案】C 【解析】句意：徐大伟想把民间流动图书馆传给儿子，让它永远开放。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；although虽然；so that以便于。分析句子可知，“把民间流动图书馆传给儿子”的目的是“让它永远开放”，用so that引导目的状语从句。故选C。 5．（2025·江苏连云港）________ over 400 million adults are too heavy, China has made a plan to help its people with weight control. A．Since B．Unless C．Though D．Until 【答案】A 【解析】句意：因为超过4亿成年人体重超标，中国制定了一个计划来帮助人们控制体重。 考查从属连词辨析。Since因为；Unless除非；Though尽管；Until直到。根据“over 400 million adults are too heavy”可知，“超过4亿成年人体重超标”是“制定计划来帮助人们控制体重”的原因，用since引导原因状语从句。故选A。 1. 时间状语从句（中考最高频） 引导词 核心用法（中考必记） 例句 易错提醒 when 接延续性 / 短暂性动词；主句过去进行时+从句一般过去时（表 “突然”） ① When I arrived, she was cooking.（arrive 短暂性） ② I was walking when it rained.（突然下雨） 可互换 while（接延续性动词时），但 while 不可接短暂性动词 while 接延续性动词；主从句均为进行时（表 “同时”） While she was reading, I was cleaning. 不可接短暂性动词（如 rain/arrive） as 表 “一边…… 一边” 或 “随着” As we walked, we chatted. 中考仅考 “同步进行” 用法 since 主句现完时+从句过去时；表 “自从” I have lived here since I was born. 时态搭配是中考必考点 as soon as 一…… 就……；遵循主将从现 As soon as he comes, I will call you. 高频主将从现考点 2. 条件状语从句（中考高频） 引导词 核心用法 例句 同义转换 if 如果；主将从现（真实条件） If you work hard, you will pass. —— unless 除非（=if not）；主将从现 Unless you work hard, you won't pass. = If you don't work hard, you won't pass. as long as 只要（中考偶尔考） As long as you practice, you will improve. 可替换 if，语气更强 3. 让步 / 原因状语从句（中考常考） 从句类型 引导词 核心用法 例句 禁忌 让步 though/although 尽管；不可与 but 连用 Though he is short, he is strong. 错：Though he is short, but he is strong. even if 即使（偶尔考） Even if it rains, we will go. —— 原因 because 因为（语气最强，回答 why） Why are you late? Because I missed the bus. 不可与 so 连用 since 既然（已知原因） Since you know, I won't explain. 错：Because he is ill, so he didn't come. 4. 结果状语从句（中考必考） 引导词 结构 例句 区别要点 so...that so+形容词/副词+that从句 ① She is so tall that she can reach. ② He runs so fast that no one catches up. so后接 adj/adv，无名词 such...that such+（a/an）+adj+名词+that 从句 1 It's such a beautiful flower that everyone likes it. 2 ② They are such kind people that they help others. such后接 “adj+名词”，可数单数加 a/an 考点二 宾语从句 1．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨）—Could you please tell me ________? —Certainly. There are so many to follow. For example, we can’t be noisy or eat there. A．where the school library is B．what the school library rules are C．if there’s a library in our school 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你能告诉我学校图书馆的规则是什么吗？——当然。有很多规则要遵守。例如，我们不能吵闹或在那里吃东西。 考查宾语从句。where the school library is学校图书馆在哪里；what the school library rules are学校图书馆的规定是什么；if there’s a library in our school我们学校是否有一个图书馆。根据答语中“There are so many to follow. For example, we can’t be noisy or eat there.”可知，问句是在询问图书馆的规则，而非位置或是否存在。故选B。 2．（2025·江苏无锡）—That sounds interesting! May I ask ________ to see the changes? —Well, it depends. Some people take a while, and some others take forever. A．how much will it cost B．how long will it take C．how much it will cost D．how long it will take 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——听起来很有趣！请问需要多长时间才能看到变化？——嗯，这要看情况。有些人需要一段时间，有些人则需要一辈子。 考查特殊疑问词及宾语从句。how much多少钱；how long多长时间。根据“Some people take a while, and some others take for ever.”可知，此处询问花费时间的长短，用how long引导宾语从句，且宾语从句需要用陈述语序。故选D。 3．（2025·黑龙江绥化）—What did Peter say to you just now, Kate? —He asked me ________. A．if I have read the book Little Women B．whether will I believe in him C．if I joined the music club 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——凯特，彼得刚才跟你说了什么？——他问我是否加入了音乐俱乐部。 考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除B；根据“asked”可知主句是过去时，故从句用过去的某个时态，排除A。故选C。 4．（2025·四川乐山）—There will be a robot which can dance on show in our city next month. —Really? I wonder ________. A．what does it like B．what is it like C．what it is like 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——下个月我们城市将有一个会跳舞的机器人表演。——真的吗？我想知道它是什么样子的。 考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AB。故选C。 5．（2025·湖北武汉）—David, what’s the meaning of “A promise is a promise”? —It tells us ________. A．what promise we must keep B．when do we make a promise C．why should we make a promise D．how important keeping a promise is 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——大卫，“承诺就是承诺”是什么意思？——它告诉我们信守诺言是多么重要。 考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除BC；根据“A promise is a promise”可知，“承诺就是承诺”告诉我们信守诺言很重要，用how引导宾语从句。故选D。 6．（2025·江苏南通）—Daniel, I want to read the book Journey to the West. But I don’t know ________. —You can try Nantong Library. A．how I can get one B．what I should take with me C．when I can borrow one D．if I can take Underground Line 1 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——丹尼尔，我想读《西游记》这本书。但我不知道怎样才能弄到一本。——你可以去南通图书馆试试。 考查宾语从句。how I can get one我怎样才能得到一本；what I should take with me我该带些什么；when I can borrow one我什么时候能借到一本；if I can take Underground Line 1我是否能乘坐地铁1号线。根据答语“You can try Nantong Library.”可知，此处对方是提问怎样得到这本书，故选A。 1.宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 1.1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. 1.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? I don’t know why the train is late. 1.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 2.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 2.1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。 He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy. 2.2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。 Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard. 3. 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题。 3.1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 3.2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 3.3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。 4.宾语从句种类具体分述 4.1.that引导的宾语从句 that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。 4.1.1.that 引导的宾语从句的用法 4.1.1.1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。 ①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：　She says that she will help me learn English this evening. 她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。 ②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如： He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。 ③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如：I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。 4.1.1.2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较： He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 4.1.1.3. 引导词that可以省略的几种情况： 引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略： She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。 I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。 4.1.1.4. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况： that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。 ①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略； We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。 ②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。 ③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。 如：I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。 4.1.1.5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。 如：We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。 4.1.1.6. 宾语从句的否定转移。 在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。 I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？ He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？ 4.1.1.7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如： We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he? 我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？ 4.1.1.8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。如：It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。 4.2.疑问词引导的宾语从句 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。 ①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。 主句 宾语从句 Do you know how old Liz is? 你知道兹几岁吗? I know how old Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。 I don’t know how old Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。 宾语从句＂how old Liz is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。 ②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句 When is Ann going to lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？ → Do you know when Ann is going to lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？ → I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。 What should I do? 我该怎么办？ → Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？ → Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。 Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？ → Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？ → I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。 ③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。 Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？ → Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？ → I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。 What does Sue think about Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？ → Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？ → I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。 注意： （1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子： How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. （2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her. What’s the matter? 怎么了？→ He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him?→ We want to know what has happened to him. 4.3.if/whether引导的宾语从句 当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。 I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。 Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。 考点三 定语从句 1．（2025·四川成都）It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers ________ have spent the past three years with us. A．which B．who C．what 【答案】B 【解析】句意：和那些过去三年与我们共度时光的老师们告别很难。 考查定语从句关系代词的用法。which先行词指物；who先行词指人；what不引导定语从句。空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词teachers，指人，需用关系代词who引导。故选B。 2．（2025·四川成都·二模）Home is always a place ________ you can feel love and warmth whatever problems you face. A．which B．where C．when 【答案】B 【解析】句意：家永远是一个无论你面临什么问题，都能感受到爱与温暖的地方。 考查定语从句。which在定语从句中作主语或宾语；where在定语从句中作地点状语；when在定语从句中作时间状语。先行词“a place”是地点，在从句“you can feel love and warmth whatever problems you face”中作地点状语，即“在这个地方能感受到爱与温暖”。故选B。 3．（2025·西藏）The story ________ my grandfather told me about Qian Xuesen is touching. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我祖父告诉我的关于钱学森的故事很感人。 考查定语从句关系代词。who指代人，在句中作主语；whom指代人，在句中作宾语；whose表示所属关系，在句中作定语；which指代事物，在句中作主语或宾语。根据“The story... mygrand father told me about Qian Xuesen...”可知，先行词是“story”故事，指代事物，且从句中缺少宾语，故选D。 4．（2025·黑龙江）The high-technology clothes ________ the players wore helped them perform better in the 9th Asian Winter Games. A．that B．who C．what 【答案】A 【解析】句意：运动员穿的高科技服装帮助他们在第九届亚冬会上表现更好。 考查定语从句的引导词。that无实义，引导定语从句，先行词指物或人；who谁，引导定语从句，先行词指人；what什么，引导宾语从句。根据“The high-technology clothes…the players wore”可知原句是定语从句，且先行词是物，应用that引导。故选A。 5．（2025·黑龙江绥化）—Did you watch the most exciting dance ________ was performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake? —Yes, it was amazing. A．which B．that C．who 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你看过蛇年春节联欢晚会上机器人表演的最激动人心的舞蹈吗？——是的，它太棒了。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是dance，且先行词有最高级修饰，关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。故选B。 1.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.1.定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 1.2. 定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 1.3.关系代词的基本用法 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose 指物 which/that which/that/省略 1.3.1. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。 He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. 他是喜欢打篮球的男孩子之一。 He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball. 他就是那个喜欢打篮球的男孩子。 1.3.2. 通常在以下六种情况下只能用that而不能用which： （1）先行词为all，much，something，everything，nothing，little，none，the one等代词时。 （2）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.。 （3）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。 （4）先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。 （5）先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which。 （6）先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。 （7）主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which。 1.3.3. 关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况： （1）先行词为that， those时，用which，而不用that。 （2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。 （3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that。 2.关系副词引导的定语从句 2.1.关系副词的基本用法 2.1.1. when在句中作状语，表示时间。 He remembers the day when he joined the League. 他记得他入团那天。 2.1.2. where在句中作状语，表示地点。 This is the place where Lu Xun was born. 这就是鲁迅出生的地方。 2.1.3. why在句中作状语，表示原因。 This is the reason why he is late today. 这就是他今天迟到的原因。 【易错提醒1】 1. 当先行词为地点名词时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如： ☛This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago. 这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。（定语从句中缺少主语，所以要用which/that，而不用where） 2. 当position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导。如： ☛It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently. 把孩子们放在一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中对他们很有帮助。 3. 关系副词why指原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason。 ☛Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our help? 这是他拒绝我们帮助的理由吗？ 【易错提醒2】 当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如： ☛Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语） ☛Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（that或which作spent的宾语） 一、单项选择 1．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）—Could you tell me ________ you spent New Year’s Day this year, Peter? —We had a family get-together and went to an amusement park. A．what B．when C．how D．where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 彼得，你能告诉我今年你是怎么过元旦的吗？—— 我们举办了家庭聚会，还去了游乐园。 考查特殊疑问词辨析。what询问“事物”；when询问“时间”；how询问“方式、方法”；where询问“地点”。根据答句“had a family get-together and went to an amusement park”（举办家庭聚会、去游乐园）可知，此处是询问过元旦的“方式”，“how”符合语境。故选C。 2．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）Lisa keeps improving her work ________ the final result matches the design in her mind. A．if B．until C．when D．since 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Lisa不断改进她的工作，直到最终结果与她脑海中的设计相匹配。 考查连词辨析。if如果；until直到；when当……时；since自从。根据“keeps improving her work ... the final result matches the design in her mind.”可知，是指一直改进工作，直到与脑海中的设计相匹配，强调某个动作持续到另一个状态出现，用until引导时间状语从句。故选B。 3．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）________ the chef was cooking in the kitchen, the waiters were setting the tables. A．Since B．When C．While D．As soon as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当厨师在厨房做饭时，服务员在布置餐桌。 考查时间状语从句连接词辨析。Since自从、因为；When当……时；While当……时；As soon as一……就……。根据句意，两个动作“was cooking”和“were setting”均使用过去进行时，强调同时进行的延续性动作，因此需用“While”引导时间状语从句，When不强调动作的持续同步性，更侧重一个动作发生时另一个动作突然发生。故选C。 4．（2026·上海虹口·一模）Mr Jones prefers to stay at the hospital _______ he can care for his mother. A．before B．as soon as C．even if D．so that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：琼斯先生更喜欢待在医院里，这样他就能照顾他的母亲。 考查连词短语。before在……之前；as soon as一……就；even if即使；so that以便，为了。根据“he can care for his mother”可知，待在医院的目的是照顾母亲，so that引导目的状语从句，符合语境。故选D。 5．（2026·上海闵行·一模）Mum won’t use that smart kitchen ________ it can be controlled by her voice easily. A．unless B．so that C．because D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：妈妈不会使用那个智能厨房，除非它能轻松地用她的声音控制。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；so that以便；because因为；when当……时。根据“Mum won’t use that smart kitchen…it can be controlled by her voice easily”可知，妈妈使用智能厨房的条件是“它能轻松地用她的声音控制”，即“除非能这样，否则不用”，表示条件关系。故选A。 6．（2026·上海普陀·一模）Miss Wang won’t accept late homework ________ you have a good reason, like being sick. A．unless B．because C．if D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：王老师不会接受迟交的作业，除非你有一个好的理由，比如生病。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；because因为；if如果；when当……时。根据“Miss Wang won’t accept late homework…you have a good reason, like being sick.”可知，主句“不会接受迟交的作业”与从句“有好的理由”之间是条件关系，且从句是主句成立的否定条件，即“没有好理由就不接受”，需用 unless引导条件状语从句。故选A。 7．（2026·上海宝山·一模）We don’t want to go out for a walk ________ it is raining heavily outside. A．so B．or C．but D．because 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们不想出去散步，因为外面正下着大雨。 考查连词辨析。so所以；or或者；but但是；because因为。根据前后句意可知，“外面下大雨”是“不想出去散步”的原因，应选用表示原因的连词。故选D。 8．（2026·上海宝山·一模）David saves money every month ________ he can replace his old car with a new one soon. A．so that B．since C．although D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：大卫每个月都存钱，以便他能尽快用新车替换旧车。 考查连词辨析。so that以便；since自从/既然；although尽管；when当……时。根据句意，存钱的目的是为了尽快换新车，表示目的应用so that。故选A。 9．（2026·上海金山·一模）________ Li Ming keeps practicing playing the guitar, he will probably win the competition. A．Although B．Because C．If D．Unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果李明坚持练习弹吉他，他可能会赢得比赛。 考查连词辨析。Although虽然；Because因为；If如果；Unless除非。根据句意，前半句“Li Ming keeps practicing playing the guitar”是后半句“he will probably win the competition”的条件，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。 10．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）The team worked on the project for many years ________ they made a breakthrough. A．if B．until C．because D．although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个团队在这个项目上工作了多年，直到他们取得了突破。 考查连词辨析。if如果；until直到；because因为；although尽管。根据“The team worked on the project for many years…they made a breakthrough”可知，团队持续工作多年，最终取得突破，表示动作持续到某个时间点为止，应用“until”连接。故选B。 11．（2026·上海长宁·一模）_________ all the members work together, we won’t be able to finish the task on time. A．If B．Unless C．Because D．Although 【答案】B 【详解】句意：除非所有成员一起合作，否则我们将无法按时完成任务。 考查连词辨析。If如果；Unless除非；Because因为；Although尽管。根据“all the members work together, we won’t be able to finish the task on time.”可知，前句是后句的否定条件，表示“除非”，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。 12．（2026·上海松江·一模）My parents still booked the flight tickets for our winter holiday ________ the prices were high. A．if B．until C．because D．although 【答案】D 【详解】句意：尽管价格很高，我父母还是预订了我们寒假的机票。 考查连词辨析。if如果，引导条件状语从句；until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句；because因为，引导原因状语从句；although尽管，引导让步状语从句。根据“My parents still booked the flight tickets for our winter holiday...the prices were high.”可知，前后句之间存在让步关系，即尽管价格高，父母还是预订了机票，所以此处应该用although来引导让步状语从句。故选D。 13．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·月考）Shanghai is experiencing another extreme heatwave, ________ has become more frequent in recent years due to climate change. A．that B．which C．who D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上海正在经历又一场极端热浪，由于气候变化，这类极端热浪近年来变得愈发频繁。 考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。that不能引导非限制性定语从句；which先行词是物；who先行词是人；when先行词是时间。根据“extreme heatwave”可知，先行词指物，应用which引导。故选B。 14．（24-25九年级下·上海·月考）The movie ________ we watched yesterday was directed by Zhang Yimou. A．who B．which C．where D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们昨天看的那部电影是由张艺谋导演的。 who谁；which哪个；where哪里；when什么时候。先行词是“The movie”，指物，且在从句中作宾语，应用which引导定语从句。 15．（2026·上海杨浦·一模）The shop will stay closed ________ someone fixes the door before noon. A．although B．so that C．because D．unless 【答案】D 【详解】句意：商店将保持关闭，除非有人在中午前修好门。 考查连词辨析。although尽管；so that以便；because因为；unless除非。根据“someone fixes the door before noon.”可知，商店关闭的条件是门没有被修好，因此需用表示条件的连词“unless”。故选D。 16．（2026·上海奉贤·一模）______ the ancient building is more than 500 years old, it still looks beautiful and strong. A．Because B．Unless C．Though D．If 【答案】C 【详解】句意：虽然这座古建筑已有500多年的历史，但它看起来仍然美丽而坚固。 考查连词辨析。Because因为，引导原因状语从句；Unless除非，引导条件状语从句；Though虽然，引导让步状语从句；If如果，引导条件状语从句。根据“…the ancient building is more than 500 years old, it still looks beautiful and strong.”可知，虽然这座古建筑已有500多年的历史，但它看起来仍然美丽而坚固。前后句之间存在转折或让步关系。故选C。 17．（25-26九年级上·上海杨浦·月考）Life is a long race ________ we fight against all the difficulties to realize our dreams. A．when B．which C．how D．where 【答案】D 【详解】句意：生活是一场漫长的赛跑，在这场赛跑中我们与所有困难斗争以实现梦想。   考查定语从句关系词。when先行词表时间；which先行词表事物；how不引导定语从句；where先行词表地点。先行词“race”为抽象地点（赛跑/过程），且从句“we fight against...”不缺主干成分，需用关系副词where引导定语从句，相当于in which。故选D。 二、完成句子 18．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）“Will you take part in the talent show this term, Jimmy?” Susan asked. (改为宾语从句) Susan asked Jimmy ________ he ________ take part in the talent show this term. 【答案】 if/whether would 【详解】句意：“吉米，这学期你会参加才艺表演吗？”苏珊问道。根据题意，苏珊问吉米，这学期他是否会参加才艺表演。此处可用if或whether表示“是否”的含义，引导宾语从句；又因为主句的时态是一般过去时，所以从句的时态也要用过去的某种时态，但是从句表达的内容是将来时，所以此处用过去将来时，所以动词take要用would take。故填if/whether；would。 19．（2026·上海虹口·一模）“Could you please make a plan to help me stay fit?” Anna asked me. (改为宾语从句) Anna asked me ______________ could make a plan to help her stay fit. 【答案】 if/whether I 【详解】句意：“你能制定一个计划来帮助我保持健康吗？”安娜问我。原句是直接引语，直接引语中的疑问句“Could you please...”是一个一般疑问句（可以用yes/no回答），所以在宾语从句前需要添加引导词 if/whether来表示“是否”；主语由直接引语中的“you”改为“I”，故填if/whether；I。 20．（2026·上海奉贤·一模）“Do you know the way to the lecture hall?” Professor Brown asked Ben. (改为间接引语) Professor Brown asked Ben ______ he ______ the way to the lecture hall. 【答案】 if/whether knew 【详解】句意：“你知道去演讲厅的路吗？”布朗教授问本。原句为直接引语，是一般疑问句，改为间接引语时，通常用if或whether引导宾语从句；同时，主句的谓语动词“asked”表明句子时态为一般过去时，所以从句中的一般现在时“know”要改为一般过去时“knew”。故填if/whether；knew。 21．（2026·上海宝山·一模）“Are you interested in the writing contest?” Amy asked me. (改为间接引语) Amy asked me ________ I ________ interested in the writing contest. 【答案】 if/whether was 【详解】句意：艾米问我：“你对写作比赛感兴趣吗？”原句是直接引语，为一般疑问句，改为间接引语时需添加连词“if”或“whether”（是否）。主语“you”根据逻辑改为“I”。原句时态为一般过去时（asked），从句时态需相应调整为过去时，因此“are”需改为“was”。故填if/whether；was。 22．（2026·上海浦东新·一模）“Where will we go for the winter camp?” My friend asked me. (改为间接引语) My friend asked me ________ we ________ go for the winter camp. 【答案】 where would 【详解】句意：“我们冬令营去哪？”我的朋友问我。改为间接引语后属于宾语从句，从句引导词是where“哪里”，主句是一般过去时，从句也用过去的时态，will需变为过去式would。故填where；would。 23．（2026·上海闵行·一模）The reporter asked Martin, “Are you naturally gifted at dancing?”（改为间接引语) The reporter asked Martin ________ he ________ naturally gifted at dancing. 【答案】 if/whether was 【详解】句意：记者询问马丁，“你是天生有舞蹈天赋吗？”直接引语是一般疑问句，改为间接引语时需用if/whether引导宾语从句；主句谓语动词asked是一般过去时，宾语从句需用相应的过去时态；原句的主语you要变为he，he是第三人称单数，所以are要变为was。故填if/whether；was。 24．（2026·上海长宁·一模）“What do you think of my new haircut?” Ms Green asked her husband.（改为间接引语） Ms Green asked her husband what ________________ of her new haircut. 【答案】 he thought 【详解】句意：格林女士问她的丈夫：“你觉得我的新发型怎么样？” 原句为直接引语，是特殊疑问句，改为间接引语时，特殊疑问词what直接引导宾语从句，宾语从句需使用陈述语序；主句的谓语动词 “asked”表明句子时态为一般过去时，所以从句中的一般现在时“think”要改为一般过去时“thought”，从句主语指代“her husband”，用he。故填he；thought。 25．（2026·上海金山·一模）“Where did you hide the important document?” the detective asked the suspect. (改为间接引语) The detective asked the suspect where ________________ hidden the important document. 【答案】 he/she had 【详解】句意：侦探问嫌疑人：“你把重要文件藏在哪里了？”直接引语是特殊疑问句，改为间接引语时需用原疑问词“where”引导，语序变为陈述语序（主语+谓语）。直接引语的时态为一般过去时，主句时态也是一般过去时，因此从句时态需后退为过去完成时：had+过去分词，hide的过去分词是hidden。根据“the suspect”可知，直接引语的主语“you”指一个人，改为间接引语时需将其改为第三人称单数“he”或“she”。故填he/she；had。 26．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）“I’m sorry for taking up your time,” said Mary to her father. (改为间接引语) Mary ________________ her father for taking up his time. 【答案】 apologized to 【详解】句意：玛丽对父亲说：“很抱歉占用了你的时间。” 题干要求将原句改为间接引语，原句是表达道歉的直接引语，可用apologize to sb for doing sth“因为做某事而向某人道歉”结构，原句时态为一般过去时，间接引语时态需保持一致，apologize的过去式为apologized。故填apologized；to。 27．（2026·上海青浦·一模）“Is your necklace made of freshwater pearls?” Mrs White asked me.  (改为宾语从句) Mrs White asked ________________ necklace was made of freshwater pearls. 【答案】 if/whether my 【详解】句意：怀特夫人问我：“你的项链是用淡水珍珠做的吗？”直接引语是一般疑问句，改为宾语从句时，需要用if或whether引导；同时，直接引语中的第二人称“your”要根据主句的宾语“me”改为第一人称“my”。故填if/whether；my。 28．（2026·上海杨浦·一模）Add clear pictures, and readers will understand the story easily.（保持句意基本不变） ________ you ________ clear pictures, readers will understand the story easily. 【答案】 If add 【详解】句意：添加清晰的图片，读者就能很容易地理解故事了。原句是“祈使句+and+陈述句”的结构，表达“做某事，就会产生某结果”，可转换为if引导的条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时，第一空填if“如果”，首字母要大写；第二空，主语是you，所以谓语用动词原形add。故填If；add。 29．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）Students may lose critical thinking skills unless teachers balance AI use with traditional teaching methods. (保持基本句意不变) ________ teachers ________ balance AI use with traditional teaching methods, students may lose critical thinking skills. 【答案】 If don’t 【详解】句意：如果教师不能在使用人工智能的同时兼顾传统教学方法，学生们就可能会丧失批判性思维能力。unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句，相当于“if...not”，句首单词if的首字母需大写；主句是含有情态动词“may”的一般现在时，if引导的从句通常用一般现在时，从句含有实义动词“balance”，并且主语“teachers”为复数，应借助助动词don’t构成否定句。故填If；don’t。 30．（2026·上海宝山·一模）Listen to the teacher carefully, or you won’t understand the lesson. (保持句意基本不变) ________ you ________ to the teacher carefully, you won’t understand the lesson. 【答案】 Unless listen 【详解】句意：认真听老师讲课，否则你会听不懂课。保持句意基本不变，表达可以为：除非你认真听老师讲课，否则你会听不懂。Unless“除非”，用来引导条件状语从句，符合“主将从现”的时态规则；从句主语为you，谓语动词listen用原形即可。故填Unless；listen。 31．（2026·上海金山·一模）The plot of the adventure story was very exciting. We couldn’t stop reading it. (合并为句) The plot of the adventure story was ________ exciting ________ we couldn’t stop reading it. 【答案】 so that 【详解】句意：这个冒险故事的情节非常扣人心弦。我们读起来就停不下来。根据“was”和“couldn’t”可知，合并后可以使用so...that...句型，表示“如此……以至于……”。故填so；that。 32．（2026·上海松江·一模）My sister asked me, “Can you water my plants while I’m away?” (改为间接引语) My sister asked me ________ I ________ water her plants while she was away. 【答案】 if/whether could 【详解】句意：我姐姐问我：“我不在的时候你能给我的植物浇水吗？”直接引语是一般疑问句，改为间接引语时用if/whether引导宾语从句，且主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态，can的过去式是could。故填if/whether；could。 33．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）I’m curious to know. Does remote work become common now?  (合并两句成一句) I’m curious to know ________ remote work __________ common now. 【答案】 whether/if becomes 【详解】句意：我很好奇。远程工作现在变得普遍了吗？将一般疑问句“Does remote work become common now?”并入主句“I’m curious to know”中作宾语从句时，需要用if或whether引导，语序改为陈述句语序，时态与主句一致，does去掉，动词become用第三人称单数形式becomes。故填whether/if；becomes。 34．（2026·上海松江·一模）We can’t start the meeting unless our class teacher is here. (保持句意基本不变) We can’t start the meeting ________ our class teacher ________ here. 【答案】 if isn’t 【详解】句意：除非我们的班主任在这里，否则我们不能开始会议。原句中“unless”表示“除非”，相当于“if...not...”的结构。所以，要将原句保持句意基本不变，需将“unless”替换为“if...not...”，即第一个空填“if”，第二个空在“our class teacher”后加“isn’t”来表示否定。故填if；isn’t。 35．（2026·上海静安·一模）so that. don’t make, check your work, any careless mistakes, you (连词成句) ____________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】Check your work so that you don’t make any careless mistakes 【详解】根据所给标点和单词可知，本句是一个复合句，主句为祈使句，so that引导目的状语从句。时态为一般现在时。Check your work“检查你的作业”，为祈使句，作主句；so that“以便，为了”，连词短语，引导目的状语从句；you“你”，作从句主语；don’t make“不要犯”，作从句谓语；any careless mistakes“任何粗心的错误”，作从句宾语。故填Check your work so that you don’t make any careless mistakes“检查你的作业，以免犯任何粗心的错误”。 36．（2026·上海奉贤·一模）My mum always waits for sales in order to get the best deal. (保持句意基本不变) My mum always waits for sales ____________ she can get the best deal. 【答案】 so that 【详解】句意：我妈妈总是等待促销，以便能得到最划算的交易。原句中“in order to”表示目的，意为“为了”，在改写后的句子中，需要用“so that”来替换“in order to”以保持句意基本不变，“so that”引导目的状语从句，表示“以便，为了”，故填so；that。 37．（2026·上海静安·一模）The whole project will be delayed if we don’t finish our parts. (保持句意基本不变) The whole project will be delayed ________ we ________ our parts. 【答案】 unless finish 【详解】句意：如果我们不完成我们的部分，整个项目将会被延误。原句为“if”引导的条件状语从句。保持句意不变，可用“unless”引导的条件状语从句替换，意为“除非”，即“除非我们完成我们的部分，否则整个项目将会延误”。从句需用一般现在时代替一般将来时。故填unless；finish。 38．（2026·上海长宁·一模）The old man was so weak that he couldn’t climb the stairs without help. (保持句意基本不变) The old man wasn’t ________________ to climb the stairs without help. 【答案】 strong enough 【详解】句意：这个老人如此虚弱以至于在没有帮助的情况下不能爬楼梯。根据题干可知，缺少的信息“如此虚弱以至于……”，not strong enough意为“不够强壮”。本题可以用strong enough来表达。故填strong；enough。 39．（2026·上海浦东新·一模）You are not allowed to borrow books unless you show your student card. (保持句意基本不变) You are not allowed to borrow books ________ you ________ show your student card. 【答案】 if do not/don’t 【详解】句意：你不被允许借书，除非你出示你的学生证。原句中的“unless”，意为“除非”，它的同义替换结构为“if…not”，表示“如果不”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“you”，变为否定句式要借助助动词do，因此“unless you show your student card”可以改写为if you do not show your student card，do not可缩写为don’t。故填if；do not/don’t。 40．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）Respect the rules, and traffic can flow safely and smoothly. (保持句意基本不变) ________________ respect the rules, traffic can flow safely and smoothly. 【答案】 If we 【详解】句意：遵守规则，交通就能安全、顺畅地通行。原句是“祈使句+and+陈述句”的结构，表示条件和结果的关系，可以转换为if引导的条件状语从句，将祈使句“Respect the rules”改为陈述形式“we respect the rules”，前面加if构成条件状语从句，if位于句首，首字母要大写。故填If；we。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题12 三大从句（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 四大高频状语从句 考点二 宾语从句 考点三 定语从句 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 1.从命题形式上看，主要出现在单项选择、完成句子、句型转换等题型中，以单项选择为核心考查形式。 2.从命题内容上看，状语从句连词辨析、宾语从句语序与时态为高频考点，状语从句占比最高，宾语从句侧重语序与时态搭配。 热考角度 考点 2026年 2025年 条件状语从句（if/unless） 嘉定、松江、奉贤、长宁、黄浦、金山、宝山、普陀、闵行、杨浦、徐汇 静安、金山、奉贤、嘉定、青浦、闵行、宝山、松江、徐汇、普陀、浦东、黄浦 让步状语从句（though/although） 松江、奉贤、长宁、徐汇 静安、奉贤、青浦、闵行、宝山、虹口、黄浦、浦东、崇明、杨浦、徐汇 时间状语从句（when/while/until/as soon as） 嘉定、黄浦、虹口、徐汇 金山、嘉定、闵行、宝山、虹口、松江 原因状语从句（because/since） 宝山 嘉定、黄浦、青浦 目的状语从句（so that） 宝山、虹口 闵行、宝山 宾语从句（引导词 +语序） 嘉定、徐汇、闵行、浦东、金山、黄浦、青浦、长宁 静安、浦东、黄浦、金山、徐汇 宾语从句（时态） 嘉定、徐汇、闵行、浦东、金山、黄浦、青浦、长宁 静安、浦东、黄浦、金山、徐汇 命题预测 1.语境化：结合校园、生活、科技、社会热点等场景考查句意理解与连词、从句运用。 2.高频化：unless/if/though/until连词辨析、宾语从句陈述语序、主从句时态一致为必考核心。 3.句型化：状语从句同义转换（unless=if…not）、宾语从句直接引语变间接引语、祈使句与条件状语从句转换为常考变形。 4.易错化：while 只接延续性动词、not…until 固定搭配、宾语从句真理用一般现在时、主句过去时从句倒退时态是失分重点。 考点一四大高频状语从句 1．（2025·四川凉山）—Labor education is important for students’ development. —Sure. ________ schools put it into practice, students will be more independent. A．Although B．Unless C．If 2．（2025·山东东营）________ you’ve finished your homework, you may go out and play. A．Since B．Before C．Unless D．Although 3．（2025·江苏无锡）________ it may not work on everyone, it may work on you. A．Though B．But C．Because D．Since 4．（2025·四川成都）Xu Dawei wants to pass the Civilian Mobile Library on to his son ________ it can stay open forever. A．before B．although C．so that 5．（2025·江苏连云港）________ over 400 million adults are too heavy, China has made a plan to help its people with weight control. A．Since B．Unless C．Though D．Until 1. 时间状语从句（中考最高频） 引导词 核心用法（中考必记） 例句 易错提醒 when 接延续性 / 短暂性动词；主句过去进行时+从句一般过去时（表 “突然”） ① When I arrived, she was cooking.（arrive 短暂性） ② I was walking when it rained.（突然下雨） 可互换 while（接延续性动词时），但 while 不可接短暂性动词 while 接延续性动词；主从句均为进行时（表 “同时”） While she was reading, I was cleaning. 不可接短暂性动词（如 rain/arrive） as 表 “一边…… 一边” 或 “随着” As we walked, we chatted. 中考仅考 “同步进行” 用法 since 主句现完时+从句过去时；表 “自从” I have lived here since I was born. 时态搭配是中考必考点 as soon as 一…… 就……；遵循主将从现 As soon as he comes, I will call you. 高频主将从现考点 2. 条件状语从句（中考高频） 引导词 核心用法 例句 同义转换 if 如果；主将从现（真实条件） If you work hard, you will pass. —— unless 除非（=if not）；主将从现 Unless you work hard, you won't pass. = If you don't work hard, you won't pass. as long as 只要（中考偶尔考） As long as you practice, you will improve. 可替换 if，语气更强 3. 让步 / 原因状语从句（中考常考） 从句类型 引导词 核心用法 例句 禁忌 让步 though/although 尽管；不可与 but 连用 Though he is short, he is strong. 错：Though he is short, but he is strong. even if 即使（偶尔考） Even if it rains, we will go. —— 原因 because 因为（语气最强，回答 why） Why are you late? Because I missed the bus. 不可与 so 连用 since 既然（已知原因） Since you know, I won't explain. 错：Because he is ill, so he didn't come. 4. 结果状语从句（中考必考） 引导词 结构 例句 区别要点 so...that so+形容词/副词+that从句 ① She is so tall that she can reach. ② He runs so fast that no one catches up. so后接 adj/adv，无名词 such...that such+（a/an）+adj+名词+that 从句 1 It's such a beautiful flower that everyone likes it. 2 ② They are such kind people that they help others. such后接 “adj+名词”，可数单数加 a/an 考点二 宾语从句 1．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨）—Could you please tell me ________? —Certainly. There are so many to follow. For example, we can’t be noisy or eat there. A．where the school library is B．what the school library rules are C．if there’s a library in our school 2．（2025·江苏无锡）—That sounds interesting! May I ask ________ to see the changes? —Well, it depends. Some people take a while, and some others take forever. A．how much will it cost B．how long will it take C．how much it will cost D．how long it will take 3．（2025·黑龙江绥化）—What did Peter say to you just now, Kate? —He asked me ________. A．if I have read the book Little Women B．whether will I believe in him C．if I joined the music club 4．（2025·四川乐山）—There will be a robot which can dance on show in our city next month. —Really? I wonder ________. A．what does it like B．what is it like C．what it is like 5．（2025·湖北武汉）—David, what’s the meaning of “A promise is a promise”? —It tells us ________. A．what promise we must keep B．when do we make a promise C．why should we make a promise D．how important keeping a promise is 6．（2025·江苏南通）—Daniel, I want to read the book Journey to the West. But I don’t know ________. —You can try Nantong Library. A．how I can get one B．what I should take with me C．when I can borrow one D．if I can take Underground Line 1 1.宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 1.1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. 1.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? I don’t know why the train is late. 1.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 2.宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 2.1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。 He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy. 2.2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。 Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard. 3. 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题。 3.1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 3.2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 3.3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。 4.宾语从句种类具体分述 4.1.that引导的宾语从句 that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。 4.1.1.that 引导的宾语从句的用法 4.1.1.1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。 ①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：　She says that she will help me learn English this evening. 她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。 ②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如： He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。 ③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如：I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。 4.1.1.2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较： He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 4.1.1.3. 引导词that可以省略的几种情况： 引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略： She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。 I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。 4.1.1.4. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况： that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。 ①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略； We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。 ②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。 ③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。 如：I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。 4.1.1.5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。 如：We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。 4.1.1.6. 宾语从句的否定转移。 在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。 I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？ He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？ 4.1.1.7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如： We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he? 我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？ 4.1.1.8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。如：It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。 4.2.疑问词引导的宾语从句 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。 ①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。 主句 宾语从句 Do you know how old Liz is? 你知道兹几岁吗? I know how old Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。 I don’t know how old Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。 宾语从句＂how old Liz is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。 ②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句 When is Ann going to lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？ → Do you know when Ann is going to lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？ → I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。 What should I do? 我该怎么办？ → Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？ → Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。 Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？ → Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？ → I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。 ③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。 Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？ → Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？ → I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。 What does Sue think about Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？ → Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？ → I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。 注意： （1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子： How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. （2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her. What’s the matter? 怎么了？→ He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him?→ We want to know what has happened to him. 4.3.if/whether引导的宾语从句 当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。 I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。 Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。 考点三 定语从句 1．（2025·四川成都）It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers ________ have spent the past three years with us. A．which B．who C．what 2．（2025·四川成都·二模）Home is always a place ________ you can feel love and warmth whatever problems you face. A．which B．where C．when 3．（2025·西藏）The story ________ my grandfather told me about Qian Xuesen is touching. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 4．（2025·黑龙江）The high-technology clothes ________ the players wore helped them perform better in the 9th Asian Winter Games. A．that B．who C．what 5．（2025·黑龙江绥化）—Did you watch the most exciting dance ________ was performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake? —Yes, it was amazing. A．which B．that C．who 1.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.1.定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 1.2. 定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 1.3.关系代词的基本用法 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose 指物 which/that which/that/省略 1.3.1. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。 He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. 他是喜欢打篮球的男孩子之一。 He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball. 他就是那个喜欢打篮球的男孩子。 1.3.2. 通常在以下六种情况下只能用that而不能用which： （1）先行词为all，much，something，everything，nothing，little，none，the one等代词时。 （2）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.。 （3）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。 （4）先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。 （5）先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which。 （6）先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。 （7）主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which。 1.3.3. 关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况： （1）先行词为that， those时，用which，而不用that。 （2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。 （3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that。 2.关系副词引导的定语从句 2.1.关系副词的基本用法 2.1.1. when在句中作状语，表示时间。 He remembers the day when he joined the League. 他记得他入团那天。 2.1.2. where在句中作状语，表示地点。 This is the place where Lu Xun was born. 这就是鲁迅出生的地方。 2.1.3. why在句中作状语，表示原因。 This is the reason why he is late today. 这就是他今天迟到的原因。 【易错提醒1】 1. 当先行词为地点名词时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如： ☛This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago. 这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。（定语从句中缺少主语，所以要用which/that，而不用where） 2. 当position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导。如： ☛It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently. 把孩子们放在一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中对他们很有帮助。 3. 关系副词why指原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason。 ☛Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our help? 这是他拒绝我们帮助的理由吗？ 【易错提醒2】 当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如： ☛Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语） ☛Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（that或which作spent的宾语） 一、单项选择 1．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）—Could you tell me ________ you spent New Year’s Day this year, Peter? —We had a family get-together and went to an amusement park. A．what B．when C．how D．where 2．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）Lisa keeps improving her work ________ the final result matches the design in her mind. A．if B．until C．when D．since 3．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）________ the chef was cooking in the kitchen, the waiters were setting the tables. A．Since B．When C．While D．As soon as 4．（2026·上海虹口·一模）Mr Jones prefers to stay at the hospital _______ he can care for his mother. A．before B．as soon as C．even if D．so that 5．（2026·上海闵行·一模）Mum won’t use that smart kitchen ________ it can be controlled by her voice easily. A．unless B．so that C．because D．when 6．（2026·上海普陀·一模）Miss Wang won’t accept late homework ________ you have a good reason, like being sick. A．unless B．because C．if D．when 7．（2026·上海宝山·一模）We don’t want to go out for a walk ________ it is raining heavily outside. A．so B．or C．but D．because 8．（2026·上海宝山·一模）David saves money every month ________ he can replace his old car with a new one soon. A．so that B．since C．although D．when 9．（2026·上海金山·一模）________ Li Ming keeps practicing playing the guitar, he will probably win the competition. A．Although B．Because C．If D．Unless 10．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）The team worked on the project for many years ________ they made a breakthrough. A．if B．until C．because D．although 11．（2026·上海长宁·一模）_________ all the members work together, we won’t be able to finish the task on time. A．If B．Unless C．Because D．Although 12．（2026·上海松江·一模）My parents still booked the flight tickets for our winter holiday ________ the prices were high. A．if B．until C．because D．although 13．（25-26九年级上·上海徐汇·月考）Shanghai is experiencing another extreme heatwave, ________ has become more frequent in recent years due to climate change. A．that B．which C．who D．when 14．（24-25九年级下·上海·月考）The movie ________ we watched yesterday was directed by Zhang Yimou. A．who B．which C．where D．when 15．（2026·上海杨浦·一模）The shop will stay closed ________ someone fixes the door before noon. A．although B．so that C．because D．unless 16．（2026·上海奉贤·一模）______ the ancient building is more than 500 years old, it still looks beautiful and strong. A．Because B．Unless C．Though D．If 17．（25-26九年级上·上海杨浦·月考）Life is a long race ________ we fight against all the difficulties to realize our dreams. A．when B．which C．how D．where 二、完成句子 18．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）“Will you take part in the talent show this term, Jimmy?” Susan asked. (改为宾语从句) Susan asked Jimmy ________ he ________ take part in the talent show this term. 19．（2026·上海虹口·一模）“Could you please make a plan to help me stay fit?” Anna asked me. (改为宾语从句) Anna asked me ______________ could make a plan to help her stay fit. 20．（2026·上海奉贤·一模）“Do you know the way to the lecture hall?” Professor Brown asked Ben. (改为间接引语) Professor Brown asked Ben ______ he ______ the way to the lecture hall. 21．（2026·上海宝山·一模）“Are you interested in the writing contest?” Amy asked me. (改为间接引语) Amy asked me ________ I ________ interested in the writing contest. 22．（2026·上海浦东新·一模）“Where will we go for the winter camp?” My friend asked me. (改为间接引语) My friend asked me ________ we ________ go for the winter camp. 23．（2026·上海闵行·一模）The reporter asked Martin, “Are you naturally gifted at dancing?”（改为间接引语) The reporter asked Martin ________ he ________ naturally gifted at dancing. 24．（2026·上海长宁·一模）“What do you think of my new haircut?” Ms Green asked her husband.（改为间接引语） Ms Green asked her husband what ________________ of her new haircut. 25．（2026·上海金山·一模）“Where did you hide the important document?” the detective asked the suspect. (改为间接引语) The detective asked the suspect where ________________ hidden the important document. 26．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）“I’m sorry for taking up your time,” said Mary to her father. (改为间接引语) Mary ________________ her father for taking up his time. 27．（2026·上海青浦·一模）“Is your necklace made of freshwater pearls?” Mrs White asked me.  (改为宾语从句) Mrs White asked ________________ necklace was made of freshwater pearls. 28．（2026·上海杨浦·一模）Add clear pictures, and readers will understand the story easily.（保持句意基本不变） ________ you ________ clear pictures, readers will understand the story easily. 29．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）Students may lose critical thinking skills unless teachers balance AI use with traditional teaching methods. (保持基本句意不变) ________ teachers ________ balance AI use with traditional teaching methods, students may lose critical thinking skills. 30．（2026·上海宝山·一模）Listen to the teacher carefully, or you won’t understand the lesson. (保持句意基本不变) ________ you ________ to the teacher carefully, you won’t understand the lesson. 31．（2026·上海金山·一模）The plot of the adventure story was very exciting. We couldn’t stop reading it. (合并为句) The plot of the adventure story was ________ exciting ________ we couldn’t stop reading it. 32．（2026·上海松江·一模）My sister asked me, “Can you water my plants while I’m away?” (改为间接引语) My sister asked me ________ I ________ water her plants while she was away. 33．（2026·上海徐汇·一模）I’m curious to know. Does remote work become common now?  (合并两句成一句) I’m curious to know ________ remote work __________ common now. 34．（2026·上海松江·一模）We can’t start the meeting unless our class teacher is here. (保持句意基本不变) We can’t start the meeting ________ our class teacher ________ here. 35．（2026·上海静安·一模）so that. don’t make, check your work, any careless mistakes, you (连词成句) ____________________________________________________________________________________________. 36．（2026·上海奉贤·一模）My mum always waits for sales in order to get the best deal. (保持句意基本不变) My mum always waits for sales ____________ she can get the best deal. 37．（2026·上海静安·一模）The whole project will be delayed if we don’t finish our parts. (保持句意基本不变) The whole project will be delayed ________ we ________ our parts. 38．（2026·上海长宁·一模）The old man was so weak that he couldn’t climb the stairs without help. (保持句意基本不变) The old man wasn’t ________________ to climb the stairs without help. 39．（2026·上海浦东新·一模）You are not allowed to borrow books unless you show your student card. (保持句意基本不变) You are not allowed to borrow books ________ you ________ show your student card. 40．（2026·上海黄浦·一模）Respect the rules, and traffic can flow safely and smoothly. (保持句意基本不变) ________________ respect the rules, traffic can flow safely and smoothly. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $