Unit 5 Nature’s Temper Section B vocabulary in use 课件 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit Five Nature’s Temper vocabulary in use How do natural disasters affect our lives? Learning Objectives 1. 掌握自然灾害相关的动词搭配，如hit, rock, happen 等 ，并描述自然灾害的发生和影响。 2. 能够理解并识记常见的与灾难救援相关的复合词。 3. 能运用所学词汇和搭配完成语篇填空练习。 What natural disasters do you know? Free talk drought flood tsunami typhoon wildfire snowstorm How to describe a disaster? happen/ take place 发生 hit 袭击 rock 摇晃，震动 The earthquake . How to describe a disaster? hit 袭击 The tsunami . land 着陆 sweep through 席卷 Let’s learn hit 作名词：碰撞/很火的人或物 Eg. The song is a hit. 这首歌很火。 作动词：击打,碰撞 Eg. The car hit a tree, but no one was hurt. 常见搭配： hit on/upon：突然想到（好主意）；偶然发现 hit out (at)：猛烈抨击 hit back: 回击；反驳 Let’s learn rock 作名词：岩石/摇滚乐 Eg. He threw a rock into the river. 作动词：摇晃/震动/震惊 Eg. The explosion rocked the building. 常见搭配： be rocked by sth：被某事震动/震惊 on the rocks：触礁；（关系）破裂 Let’s learn happen 表示“偶然发生”（最常见） Eg. A strange thing happened yesterday. 表示“（结果）发生”（某种情况出现） Eg. What happens if we miss the bus? happen to + 人/物”：表示“某人/物出了什么事” Eg. What happened to your eye? It's red. “happen to do”：表示“碰巧做某事” Eg. I happened to see her on the street. Let’s learn take place 辨析： happen 侧重“偶然、自发发生” (无被动语态) take place 侧重“有计划、按安排发生” 表示“发生”：多指会议、比赛、节日、变化等。 Eg. The meeting will take place next Monday. 表示“举行”：强调经过安排。 Eg. The wedding took place in a garden. Let’s learn land 作名词：陆地/土地 Eg. After 20 days at sea, they saw land. 作动词：着陆/降落 Eg. The plane landed safely. 常见搭配： land on sb/sth：指“选定、敲定”（方案等） land yourself in trouble：让自己惹上麻烦 Let’s learn sweep through 表示“迅速蔓延 / 席卷”，强调某事物像风扫过一样，快速传遍一个区域或群体。 Eg. The virus swept through the community. 病毒在社区里迅速蔓延。 表示“扫视 / 环视”，指目光或光线快速、连续地移动。 Eg. Her eyes swept through the crowd. 她的目光扫过人群。 Let’s learn blow across 字面义：风/气流“吹过”表面 Eg. A cold wind blew across the lake. 冷风吹过湖面。 比喻义：描述一种潮流、感觉或声音快速传开，但暗示来得快去得也快，不像 “sweep through” 那样席卷彻底。 Eg. A wave of relief blew across the crowd. 一阵如释重负的感觉掠过人群。 2a Some words for natural disasters go together with certain verbs. Use these collocations to make sentences. earthquake: hit / rocked / happened /took place An earthquake hit Japan yesterday. _____ ___ typhoon: hit /landed / blew across A typhoon landed at 9 o'clock last night. _____ __ tsunami: hit/came/swept through The tsunami swept through the village. _____ __ The earthquake rocked the city in 2009. The typhoon landed in Xiamen, bringing heavy rain. The tsunami swept through the town. Let’s learn landslide 名词，意为“山体滑坡/塌方”指泥土岩石大量从山坡上滑落下来。 常见动词搭配： Trigger / cause：引发（常由暴雨、地震导致） Eg. The heavy rain triggered a landslide. Block：阻塞（道路、河流） Eg. The road was blocked by a landslide. Let’s learn snowstorm 名词，意为“暴风雪”指伴有强风、大量降雪且能见度很低的恶劣天气。 常见动词搭配： Hit / Strike：袭击（某地） Eg. A severe snowstorm hit the city. Move through / sweep across：移动/横扫 Eg. The snowstorm swept across the region. Blanket / bury：覆盖/埋（形容雪量极大） Eg. The storm blanketed the town in snow. Let’s learn earthquake 名词，意为“地震”。 形容震级： a magnitude 7.0 earthquake 形容强弱： a strong/massive earthquake 动词搭配： An earthquake hits / strikes... （地震发生） An earthquake shakes / rocks... （地震摇动某地） ... was hit by an earthquake （某地遭地震袭击） Let’s learn safeguard 作动词：保护，捍卫 作名词：防护措施，保障条款 常用结构有两种： safeguard + 名词：保护某事物 safeguard against + 名词：防范某种风险 Eg. The law safeguards consumers from unfair practices.法律保护消费者免受不公平对待。 Let’s learn floodwater 不可数名词，意思是“洪水、洪涝的水流”。它强调流动的、具有破坏性的水体，而不是静止的积水。 例句对比： The flood destroyed bridges. 洪灾毁了桥。（ 指整个事件） Brown floodwater rushed through the street. 棕色的洪水冲过街道。（指具体的水流） Let’s learn manpower 名词，意为“人力”。指为完成特定任务而投入的所有人员（通常强调数量，而非个人技能）。 常见动词搭配： Provide / supply：提供人力 Need / require：需要人力 Boost / increase：增加人力 Lack / be short of：缺乏人力 Eg. We need more manpower to finish the project on time. 我们需要更多人力来按时完成项目。 Let’s learn wildfire 名词，意为“野火”。指在森林、灌木丛或草原等野外区域不受控制地燃烧的大火。 常见动词搭配： Break out：爆发 Eg. A wildfire broke out in the forest. Spread：蔓延（常因风或干燥天气） Eg. The fire spread rapidly due to strong winds. Rage：肆虐 Eg. The wildfire raged for several days. Let’s learn heartbeat 名词，意为“心跳”。 常见搭配： 形容词：regular（规律的）, rapid（急促的）, pounding（猛烈的） Eg. After a few minutes of rest, his heartbeat became regular again. 动词：monitor（监测）, listen to（听） Eg. You can monitor your heartbeat with a smartwatch during exercise. 2b Look at the compound words in the box. Do you know what they mean? Complete the sentences using five of these words. landslide 1. The rescue workers need more to clear the streets. 2. The family built strong roofs to their house from heavy storms. 3. The doctor listened to the man's carefully. 4. During the storm, the nearly reached our windows. 5. People should avoid driving during a because it can be very difficult to see clearly on the roads. snowstorm earthquake safeguard floodwater manpower wildfire heartbeat n. v. n. n. n. 2b Look at the compound words in the box. Do you know what they mean? Complete the sentences using five of these words. landslide 1. The rescue workers need more to clear the streets. 2. The family built strong roofs to their house from heavy storms. 3. The doctor listened to the man's carefully. 4. During the storm, the nearly reached our windows. 5. People should avoid driving during a because it can be very difficult to see clearly on the roads. snowstorm earthquake safeguard floodwater manpower wildfire heartbeat compound words Compound words are words made by combining two or more simple words. They have a new meaning that relates to the original words. snow man snowman Let’s learn refuse v.拒绝 refuse + 名词：拒绝接受某物 Eg. She refused the gift.（她拒绝了礼物。） refuse to do something：拒绝做某事 Eg. He refused to sign the contract.（他拒绝签合同。） refuse + 双宾语：拒绝给予某人某物 Eg. They refused him a visa.（他们拒绝给他签证。） Let’s learn drought n.干旱 常见动词搭配： Have / experience / suffer (from)：遭受干旱 The region is suffering from a severe drought. Break / end：缓解/结束干旱 The rain finally broke the drought. Cause / lead to：导致干旱 Let’s learn warn warn sb (not) to do sth 告诚某人(不要)做某事 Eg. The teacher warned him to pay attention to his learning habits. warn sb about/of sth 提醒某人注意某事 Eg. smoke alarm warns you of the danger. warn sb against (doing) sth告诚某人提防某事 Eg. My parents warn me against playing tricks on others. v.警告;告诫 Let’s learn safe adj. 安全的；可靠的 常见动词搭配： safe and sound：安然无恙 Eg. He arrived safe and sound. safe to say：完全可以说 Eg. It’s safe to say he’s angry. better safe than sorry：有备无患，宁可稳妥别后悔 safety n. 安全 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. In August 2022, China experienced a great heatwave. It caused in different parts of the country. The heatwave the southwestern city of Chongqing very hard. Large swept through the forests and mountains there. Over 5,000 firefighters, police, and volunteers all worked together to keep the people and their homes safe. They put out the fires, brought more than 1,500 people to , and others to stay away from dangerous areas. It was very hard to fight the fires because of the high temperatures and changeable winds, but the rescue workers to give up. By the end of August, they managed to put out all the fires. hit safe wildfire refuse drought warn n. v. n. v./n. v. v. 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. In August 2022, China experienced a great heatwave. It caused in different parts of the country. The heatwave the southwestern city of Chongqing very hard. Large swept through the forests and mountains there. Over 5,000 firefighters, police, and volunteers all worked together to keep the people and their homes safe. They put out the fires, brought more than 1,500 people to , and others to stay away from dangerous areas. It was very hard to fight the fires because of the high temperatures and changeable winds, but the rescue workers to give up. By the end of August, they managed to put out all the fires. hit safe wildfire refuse drought warn s s ty ed d Summary when where why who rescue sourthwestern city of Chongqing in August 2022 the temperature was high and the winds were changeable. firefighter, police and volunteers worked together Group work Design a rescue plan What disaster is it? Eg. An earthquake is coming. What may happen? Eg. Building fell down. What rescue actions are needed? Eg. We need more manpower. We should ... Show Time Language Points avoid doing sth 避免做某事 Eg. I try to avoid crowded places on weekends. 我周末尽量避开人多的地方。 Eg. She always avoids talking about her work at dinner. 她吃饭时总避免聊工作。 Eg.You should avoid eating too much sugar before bed. 睡前你该避免吃太多糖。 Language Points keep + 宾语 +宾语补足语 意为“使...保持某种状态” 【形容词、副词、动词-ing形式或介词短语充当宾补】 Eg. This coat will keep you warm. 这件外套让你暖和。 Eg. The cold weather kept him in bed. 冷天让他待在床上 Language Points stay away from... 远离... 远离地点： Stay away from the edge.  别靠近边缘 远离人： Stay away from him. He's lying. 离他远点，他在撒谎 远离坏习惯/食物： Stay away from junk food.  别吃垃圾食品 同义：keep away from Language Points volunteer n.志愿者V.自愿做 voiunteer to do sth 自愿做某事 Eg. She volunteered to clean the room. 她自愿打扫房间。 volunteer as...自愿充当... Eg. He volunteered as a tour guide at the museum.  他在博物馆当志愿导游 Language Points rescue v./n. 援救 rescue team 救援队 Eg. A rescue team arrived by helicopter.  救援队乘直升机到达 come to sb's rescue 挽救某人 Eg. When I forgot my wallet, my friend came to the rescue.  我忘带钱包时，朋友赶来救急 rescue ... from ... 从......中营救 Eg. He rescued a child from drowning.  他救起了一个溺水的孩子) Language Points by the end of 在...结束时 相关短语： in the end 最终、到头来 at the end of 在......的末尾 from start to end 从头到尾 Homework Must-do 必做 Review the vocabularies and phrases. Choose-to-do 选做 Use the key words in this lesson to make your own sentences. $