英语终极押题猜想 （上海专用）2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲练测

2026年高考英语终极押题猜想（上海专用） 考情为骨·密押为翼 目 录 模块一：语法词汇完形·提分锦囊 押题猜想01 语法填空（核心考点+易错规避） 2 押题猜想02 选词填空（词汇辨析+逻辑连贯） 8 押题猜想03 完形填空（逻辑线索+语境推理） 16 模块二：阅读理解·体裁突破 押题猜想04 记叙文/新闻报道阅读（情感线索/成长励志） 26 押题猜想05 应用文类阅读（海报/操作说明/旅游指南） 36 押题猜想06说明文/议论文阅读（科普/社会现象深度解析） 45 押题猜想07六选四阅读（跨学科/认知心理研究） 55 模块三：读写翻译·逆袭攻略 押题猜想08 概要写作（结构透视/实验研究） 62 押题猜想09 句子翻译（语法为骨/词汇为肉/四字格） 70 模块四：英语作文·高分揭秘 押题猜想10 热点话题押题 73 模块一：语法词汇完形·提分锦囊 押题猜想01 语法填空题（核心考点+易错规避） 试题前瞻·能力先查 【命题说明】 原创试题 题源：The New York Times《纽约时报》 2025年4月 "Urban Green Corridors: Connecting Nature in Concrete Jungles" 主题语境：人与自然——城市生态、绿色发展，贴合高考高频环保主题。 考点覆盖：时态（1个）、被动语态（1个）、定语从句（1个，where）、介词（1个）、状语从句（1个）、非谓语（现在分词1个、过去分词1个、不定式1个）、情态动词（1个）、其它考点（形容词比较级）。 易错设置：非谓语动词辨析、定语从句连接词误用、情态动词用法、状语从句逻辑连词搭配。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Urban green corridors have emerged as a vital solution to balance urban development and ecological protection in modern cities. These linear green spaces, ________1________ (cover) residential areas, commercial districts and industrial zones, connect parks, wetlands and other natural areas, creating a network ________2________ people can get close to nature easily. We ________3________ protect these green spaces because they are crucial to urban ecological balance. ________4_______isolated city parks, green corridors serve as ecological "highways" that link different natural habitats. A recent study conducted by a leading environmental research institute shows that cities with well-designed green corridors have more native species than those without. _______5________ the corridors are properly maintained, they can effectively reduce the risk of species isolation. In recent years, many cities around the world ________6________ (invest) heavily in green corridor construction. For example, Singapore has built over 300 kilometers of green corridors, which connect its famous botanical gardens with suburban forests. These corridors ________7________ (design) to improve people’s quality of life as well as protect the environment. To ensure the long-term success of green corridors, urban planners work closely with ecologists. They focus on planting native plants ________8________ (adapt) to the local climate, as these plants require less care. Additionally, they organize volunteer activities ________9________ (guide) residents to protect the plants and animals in these green spaces. Green corridors make cities ________10________ (livable) by providing fresh air and a peaceful escape from urban chaos. With careful planning, they will become a bridge between humans and nature, ensuring a healthier future for both. 【押题依据】 1.主题贴合高考趋势：上海高考英语语法填空常围绕“人与自然”“生态保护”等热点主题命题，近年多次出现环保类说明文。本文“城市绿色走廊”紧扣生态发展热点，符合命题选材导向； 2. 考点精准匹配高考：10个考点均为上海高考语法填空核心考点，无超纲考点，其中定语从句（where）、非谓语动词（三种形式）、情态动词、状语从句均为高频必考考点，介词侧重固定搭配，时态、被动语态侧重语境运用，与高考命题规律高度一致； 3. 语篇难度适配：文本篇幅、句式复杂度（少量长难句，以简单句、并列句为主）、设空间距，均贴合上海高考真题，适配高三学生刷题节奏，能有效训练核心考点运用能力。 【押题解读】 本文以“城市绿色走廊的作用与建设”为核心，围绕生态保护展开，符合高考“立德树人”的命题导向，传递绿色发展理念。从考点来看，重点考查学生在语境中运用语法知识的能力：非谓语动词侧重主动/被动关系、作定语/状语的辨析，是学生易错点；定语从句（where）侧重“先行词表地点、从句缺状语”的用法，贴合高考定语从句高频考查形式；情态动词（must）、状语从句（If）侧重语境逻辑判断，符合高考“语法服务于语篇”的命题原则。从刷题价值来看，本文能帮助学生熟悉环保类语篇的句式特点，强化核心考点的灵活运用，同时积累环保类相关词汇，适配高考语篇选材趋势，具有较强的押题针对性。 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 词数：385 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然 — 医学研究・阿尔茨海默病早期检测 考点：非谓语、时态、定语从句、情态动词、主语从句 押题指数：★★★★★ A simple blood test can reliably detect signs of brain damage in people on the path to 1 (develop) Alzheimer’s disease even before they show signs of confusion and memory loss, a study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Germany 2 (show). The researchers studied more than 400 people participating in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer’s Network (DIAN) study, 247 who carry an early-onset genetic variant and 162 of their unaffected relatives 3 (include). Each participant had previously visited a DIAN clinic to give blood, undergo brain scans and complete cognitive tests. Roughly half had been evaluated more than once, typically about two to three years apart. They found that in those with the faulty gene variant, protein levels were higher at baseline and rose over time. In contrast, protein levels were low and largely steady in people with the healthy form of the gene, and this difference was detectable 16 years 4 cognitive symptoms were expected to arise. Moreover, when the researchers took a look at participants’brain scans, they found that the protein levels rose quickly in step with the speed at which the precuneus, a part of the brain involved in memory, 5 (thin). To find out whether blood protein levels 6 be used to predict cognitive decline, the researchers collected data on 39 people with disease-causing variants when they returned to the clinic an average of two years after their last visit, and found that people 7 blood protein levels had previously risen rapidly were most likely to show signs of brain atrophy and diminished cognitive abilities when they revisited the clinic. All kinds of neurological damage can cause the neurofilament light protein 8 (spill) out of neurons and into blood. Protein levels are high in people with Lewy body dementia and Huntington’s disease. “It is important 9 we confirm our findings in late-onset Alzheimer’s disease and define the time period over which neurofilament changes have to be assessed for optimal clinical predictability,” said senior author Mathias Jucker, who leads the DIAN study in Germany. The researchers may one day apply the findings to quickly and inexpensively identify brain damage in people with not just Alzheimer’s disease but other neurodegenerative conditions 10 multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury or stroke. Passage 2 词数：326 体裁：议论文 主题：人与自我 — 真实自我・心理成长 考点：代词、非谓语、定语从句、名词性从句、比较级 押题指数：★★★★☆ Are you being true to yourself? Are you being true to yourself? Is it a case of “what you see is what you get?” or is there a mismatch between how you appear to others and the way you feel inside? For most people, the answer is: “it depends”. We’ re ourselves with some people, but put on a facade with others. More often than not, when we wear a mask, it’s to protect 1 . But we put on a show of bravery and confidence 2 (hide) the fact that we’ re trembling inside. We laugh and smile to please others when inwardly 3 (be) bored, resentful or sad. You’d think the extent to 4 we present ourselves falsely would depend merely 5 our personality or our circumstances, but new research suggests we become “more true to ourselves” as we get older-or at least we think we do. Two US psychologist sent questionnaires to over250 volunteers and asked them to rate how true they are to themselves. “True self”, or 6 you really are, was defined as: “Being made up of the characteristics, roles, or attributes that define yourself,   7 those characteristics are different than how you sometimes act in your daily life.” Participants were asked to indicate 8 ________ overlap there was between their true self in the past, how they believe they are today, and how they perceived they will be in the future. A clear trend emerged — most people believed they were closer to their true self now than they 9 (be) in the past, and that the gap would close even more as they got older. What’s more, the participants believed their quest for happiness would increase as they became 10 (authentic). Passage 3 词数：357 体裁：夹叙夹议文 主题：人与社会 — 家庭传承・亲情与文化 考点：主语从句、时态语态、非谓语、定语从句、让步状语 押题指数：★★★★☆ A quilt with a History While visiting my husband’s relatives years ago, I admired his Auntie Doris’ collection of hand stitched (手工缝纫的) quilt. 1 stood out from the rest was a particularly pretty one. Auntie explained that every piece of the quilt 2 (cut) from her favourite clothes and represented an important moment in her life. “This is from a blouse I wore to the very first picture show I ever saw,”she said. Her stories went on. When it was time 3 (leave), she presented me with her valued quilt. I began retelling this story to my 12-year-old granddaughter, 4 some worries. Maybe children 5 (raise)in the 21st century wouldn’t be interested in an old lady’s talking about an old quilt, but I wanted to pass along this piece of family history. To my surprise, my granddaughter loved it, after I explained why old clothes were made quilts. This opened the door to 6 (describe) how mothers passed along the knowledge of cooking, gardening and sewing to their daughters to ensure that their daughters would be well-armed to face life’s demands. In turn, my granddaughter explained how modern mothers pass on knowledge of computers, college and financial planning to ensure their daughters’ success. Surprised by how much my granddaughter had to teach me, I thought about the days 7 multi-generations of families lived under one roof. Sharing knowledge and history 8 have been a daily occurrence at that time. Multi-generational homes may be rarer now, but we can use new ways to promote the love shared by grandparents and grandchildren have always shared. As long as we continue to teach and learn from each other, we can build closeness, 9 they are generations or thousands of miles apart. It can be anything-computer, cooking, gardening, maybe even a young lady’s story told in a quilt-that brings you far 10 (close)to those you love. Passage 4 词数：349 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然 — 动物行为・生物科普 考点：时态语态、定语从句、非谓语、状语从句、主谓一致 押题指数：★★★★☆ Spider found nursing its offspring with milk The words “spider” and “milk” are not two that you’d generally expect to see in the same sentence. But that’s exactly what researchers at an Asian academy of sciences have found: a spider mother feeding her babies with her own milk. This fascinating behavior 1 (observe) in a species of spider called Toxeus magnus. The researchers first made the discovery after noticing a baby spider hanging onto its mother in the lab in a way, 2 reminded them of a baby mammal (哺乳动物). Usually, only mammals produce milk for their babies, but some bird species can produce something known as “crop milk” 3 (feed) their young. However, the level of parental care 4 (see) in these spiders is quite rare. Female spiders of this species can lay up to 36 eggs 5 one time. When the baby spiders first hatched, they ate ‘milk’ that their mother had deposited in droplets around their nest. But soon, they began lining up to drink the milk directly from their mother. They continued doing this 6 they were about 40 days old, well after they were old enough to find food on their own. To test what they were observing, the researchers painted the mother spider to stop the milk 7 (reach) her babies. After this, all the baby spiders younger than 20 days old died. When the mother was removed from the nest, the older spiders grew more slowly and were 8 (likely) to survive to adulthood. This suggests that the milk was giving them a significant advantage. Isn’t it amazing to think about 9 diverse and unexpected nature can be? Spiders, usually thought of as independent and sometimes even scary creatures, showing such intense parental care and producing milk for their young 10 (be) truly a remarkable discovery. This shows that there’s always something new and surprising to learn about the world around us, even from creatures as tiny as spiders! Passage 5 词数：376 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然 — 海洋生物・珊瑚细胞研究 考点：比较级、非谓语、时态语态、连词、宾语从句 押题指数：★★★★ Coral Cultures Studying corals usually requires either observing them alive in the ocean or examining their dead tissue in a laboratory. But new research offers a way to keep all coral cell types alive in a lab cultures for two weeks or 1 (long), opening novel experimental possibilities. The cells of cnidarians (a group that includes corals and sea anemones) are notoriously difficult 2 (culture). These cells 3 (easily damage) during extraction, and corals also have complex microbiomes (微生物群) that are tricky to wipe out with antibiotics. But 4 left alive, the microbes often take over cell cultures. Many cnidarians are both endangered and critical for marine ecosystem health. “We need to do more than just document 5 death,” says University of Miami marine biologist Nikki Traylor-Knowles, who is senior author on a new study in Scientific Reports. In it, her team details how to reduce a coral to its constituent cells and then grow them all together — like 6 (cultivate) the animal on a plate. The researchers made slight changes to a standard growth medium (made of seawater, chemicals and antibiotics) to reach optimal formulas for two different cnidarian species. These formulas let all the 7 (test) species’ cell types grow at once, without microbes or extraneous (无关的) tissues. The new methodology will bring unparalleled visibility into how cell types interact, Traylor-Knowles says, and it will allow for higher-volume experiments without raising or killing whole animals. Scientists do not yet understand all cnidarian cell types, 8 their functions. These cultures could show how different cells respond to stressors, 9 types are most vulnerable to health failures, and possibly where cnidarians get their impressive regenerative abilities. The study is groundbreaking, says molecular biologist Juris Grasis of the University of California, Merced, who was not involved with the paper but also studies cnidarians. He says he was “jealous as hell” when he saw the result. Some cell populations survived for as long as 30 days, he notes, 10 implies the possibility of scaling up cell reproduction for future research. Next up, Grasis says: “How do we translate this back into the field and make corals healthy again?” 押题猜想02 “小猫钓鱼”题（词汇辨析+逻辑连贯） 试题前瞻·能力先查 【命题说明】 主题语境：人与自我 —— 心理健康、生活方式、情绪调节，属于选词填空常考的生活心理类主题。 考点覆盖：名词词义辨析、副词修饰形容词、过去分词作定语、动词词义辨析、动名词作主语、名词固定搭配、副词修饰动词、动词词义辨析、动词固定搭配、名词固定短语。 易错设置：形近词 / 近义词词义混淆、非谓语动词形式误判、固定搭配记忆不牢、词性匹配错误。 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．adopting B．delight C． differently D．employ E. help F. instructed G. predicted H. regulate I. routine J. shifting K. surprisingly All Weekends Can Be Holidays There is a reason most people return to work Monday feeling no better than they did Friday afternoon. Exhaustion and stress on the job are problems for two out of three workers, and weekends usually aren’t much 1 , studies show. New research suggests a 2 simple solution: Pretend your weekend is a vacation. People 3 to adopt a vacation mindset on the weekend returned to work feeling happier and more refreshed, without spending any additional money or time off, according to research on nearly 1,000 full-time workers at the University of California, Los Angeles. Although participants spent a little more time in eating and staying with loved ones, researchers found after controlling the results for specific behaviors that just one factor — their increased focus on the present moment, or mindfulness — 4 greater happiness. “Merely 5 how you’re thinking can have these wonderful effects on your emotional experience and your time,” says Cassie Mogilner Holmes, a researcher on the project. This doesn’t always require changing your normal weekend 6 . It may mean just thinking about and prioritizing activities 7 . Interviews with a dozen people who consciously cultivate mindfulness on the weekend offer insights into the time-management and planning skills they 8 . Mindfulness has been shown in research to improve self-control, helping people 9 their emotions. Those who enjoy vacations tend to take great 10 in positive emotions, expanding feelings of joy and happiness, according to a 2018 study of 42 vacationers. 【押题依据】 1. 聚焦职场压力与周末心态调节，贴近高中生及当代人生活实际，符合上海高考选材贴近生活、关注心理成长的趋势； 2. 选词填空严格遵循上海高考10 选 10命题形式，选项覆盖名、动、副、非谓语等核心词性； 3. 侧重考查语境词义辨析与固定搭配，规避纯语法考查，贴合真题命题逻辑。 【押题解读】 本题侧重考查考生词汇在语境中的灵活运用，要求结合上下文语义、固定搭配、句子结构匹配选项，突出 “语境优先”。语篇传递积极生活态度，兼具语言考查与价值引导，与上海高考选词填空命题思路完全一致。 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 词数：376 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然 — 动物行为・跨物种交流 考点：形容词辨析、非谓语、名词固定短语、副词用法 押题指数：★★★★☆ Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．anchoring    B．chorus    C． cooperative    D．documenting    E. enhance    F. essentially G. host    H. randomly    I. recognizable    J. shoots    K. vocabulary Distant Diplomacy When danger approaches, many creatures seem to follow the ancient proverb that “the enemy of my enemy is my friend.” Researchers have recently been finding subtle ways that animals communicate with other species in this kind of 1 defense treaty. For example, Nature Ecology & Evolution carries a recent study 2 more than 20 bird species on four continents that emit virtually identical “whining (哀鸣)” calls when they spot brood parasites (寄生繁殖) such as cuckoos. “That call is 3 the word for ‘cuckoo,’” says study co-lead author James Kennerley at Cornell University. “And it’s recruiting individuals to come together against this common enemy.” Brood parasites lay eggs in other birds’ nests, manipulating the 4 parents into raising their chicks for them. At a field site in Australia, Kennerley has witnessed individuals from a dozen or more species attack a cuckoo in response to whining calls in 5 . These mobs can be so aggressive that Kennerley needs to cage the specimen used in their experiments to protect it. Otherwise the attacking birds would have “just completely torn it to pieces,” Kennerley says. Many birds also share a common 6 for predators. Research by wildlife ecologist Erick Greene shows that various songbirds produce 7 “seet” calls to warn of a raptor (猛禽) in flight. The calls are too high-pitched for raptors to hear well, so the predators remain unaware as information about their arrival 8 through the forest. If the raptor settles, songbirds switch to “mobbing” calls, a distinct sound that, as Greene puts it, “draws in the troops to drive that raptor off.” Defense is not the only reason for cross-species communication. Among other things, it may help birds migrate and 9 food intake. A recent study found that when seabirds with good vision search for food with seabirds with strong senses of smell, they both have far greater success at catching krill. Unlike with the seet and whining calls, however, it’s unclear whether they’re deliberately signaling to one another or “just 10 following other birds,” says study lead author Jesse Granger, a biophysicist at Duke University. But clearly, “very complex multispecies communication networks are pervasive,” Greene says. “It really benefits animals to pay attention to one another.” Passage 2 词数：389 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会 — 环保科技・碳标签应用 考点：动名词、动词词义、形容词用法、固定搭配 押题指数：★★★★ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．anchor    B．comparing    C． calorie    D．charge   E. operator   F. calculate G. insufficient    H. live     I. plug     J. specializing    K. tailor-made Carbon labelling isn’t new, but it is gaining a lot more traction of late - especially when it comes to travel. Carbon labels should be an easy way of 1 products or services to see which are most sustainable at a glance, by providing a comprehensive, numbered footprint. Increasing numbers of businesses across a variety of sectors are getting onboard with the idea. For example, in the last month alone, exercise tracking app Strava announced a new tool to 2 carbon savings from going for runs, walks, cycles and e-bike rides. But perhaps one of the industries in which the concept could be most complicated is travel. It is one of the most carbon-intensive recreational activities any of us will ever take, and one for which the majority of us have 3 ideas of the impact. If you break it all down,which is really worse: an all-inclusive cruise round the Bahamas? Or a trip to an eco-lodge in Costa Rica that involves a 24-hour round-trip on a plane? As an ordinary individual, it feels like an impossible task to figure out if one holiday is “better”than another. Many a pioneering 4 started doing the hard work of measuring the impact of trips, down to the smallest element, and posting the results on their packages several years ago. Much Better Adventures led the 5 , trailing the idea at the beginning of 2021- the first international travel company to do so. “Do I think it will be everywhere? I do,” Sam Bruce, the business’s co-founder, told me at the time. “It should go beyond travel and they should be on all products that we buy; carbon labels should be the new 6 . In Much Better Adventures’ case, the label includes carbon emissions from all local transport, accommodation, activities, guides, staff and office operations. Pura Aventura, 7 in holidays to Latin America, Spain and Portugal, wasn’t far behind, though with a different slant.” The complexity we have is that all our trips are 8 -so we can’t say we’ve got 50 trips and let’s measure the carbon of each one,“said co-founder and CEO Thomas Power.” Every trip is different. You need a 9 tool — so we built it into our database.“ The company doesn’t just measure the trip itself, but includes the travel to get there, door-to-door: ”We want to know where you live, where the airport is, which flight you’re taking,“says Thomas.”We can 10 into the database your postcode, Gatwick airport, your short-haul flight-and then the carbon factor calculates the journey and the amount of carbon produced. Passage 3 词数：362 体裁：议论文 主题：人与自我 — 心理特质・创造力的双面性 考点：副词辨析、名词搭配、动词词义、固定短语 押题指数：★★★★☆ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．swings B．birth C． deceive D．seeds E. engagement F. rarely G. elevate H. naturally I. necessarily J. note K. eclipse The Dark Side of Creativity Few psychological traits are as desirable as creativity — the ability to come up with ideas that are both novel and useful. Yet it is also true that creativity has been associated with a wide range of unattractive, 1 discussed qualities. Being aware of these tendencies is important for anyone trying to better understand their own creativity, or that of other people. First, research has established a link between creativity and negative moods. You do not have to be depressed to be creative. However, it is true that there is some concrete evidence for the stereotype that artists tend to be depressive or suffer from mood 2 . As German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche once noted: “One must have chaos in oneself to be able to give 3 to a dancing star.” In general, people who are very emotionally stable may be too happy to feel the need to create. After all, if the status quo is fine, why change it? More recently, creativity has been associated with dishonesty, probably because it enables individuals to creatively distort reality. This is not to say that creative people are 4 unethical. Rather, their lower tolerance for boredom and tradition, and their more vivid imaginations, equip them with more sophisticated mental tools to 5 both themselves and others. Research has also found that creative individuals are often more narcissistic (自恋的), and that narcissism can actually boost creative achievements. This makes sense. Narcissistic people are focused on themselves, and 6 spend more time developing their own ideas and less time worrying about pleasing other people. However, it is important to 7 that narcissists tend to think that they are more creative than they actually are. Of course, the bright side of creativity tends to 8 its dark side. At the individual level, creativity has been linked to a wide range of positive emotions, such as flow 9 , and subjective well-being. When people are assigned to meaningful jobs and are given autonomy over their work, they will develop their creativity and enjoy all of its benefits. At the team level, coordinated group behavior can turn creativity into actual innovation, the practical side of creativity. And at the societal level, creativity provides the 10 of change and progress. Without creativity, we would still be living in the dark ages. Passage 4 词数：370 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自我 — 自我管理・意志力培养 考点：副词用法、动名词、动词辨析、形容词修饰 押题指数：★★★★ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．cultivating  B．delayers  C． temptation  D．effectively  E. motivational  F. energized G. scheduling  H. favorable  I. identify  J. vision  K. monitored It is tempting, when your shiny New Year’s resolutions start to collapse, to tell yourself that self-control simply isn’t your strong point. “Oh well,” you might say, surrendering to the desire for a large glass of beer. “No willpower, that’s my problem.” But, according to a body of scientific research, willpower is not a talent that a lucky few are born with. It is a skill to be practised. “Willpower is a dynamic fluctuation resource.” explains Frank Ryan, consultant clinical psychologist and author of Willpower for dummies. “Our level of willpower fluctuates according to our motivation in any given situation. Everybody can learn to use their willpower more 1 .” Even if you are not trying to turn over a new leaf for the new year, 2 willpower is a good idea, as the psychologist Walter Mischel demonstrated in the 1960s and 70s. In his famous study, a group of four-year-olds were offered the choice of one sweet treat now, or two if they could wait 15 minutes. Their performance was then 3 into adulthood. The “high 4 ” went on to achieve greater academic success, better health and lower divorce rates. “To maximize our chances of sticking to resolutions,” Ryan says, “we should 5 our willpower profile. For example: some people are more impulsive than others. That does come down to personality.” Introverts tend to get 6 by thoughts and ideas. So, if that’s you, you should find it easier to get motivated by an inner 7 than extroverts who get fired up by people and social approval. For introverts, 8 time to reflect on your progress, such as keeping a diary can be helpful. For extroverts, signing up for a group such as Parkrun or Weight Watchers where everyone has common goal can help you to strengthen your resolve, as can sharing even small progress with others. “You need to learn the core skills to cope with triggers and cues that activate your reward-seeking response,” Ryan adds. “It’s about coping with 9 which often comes from the environment, the people, places or things that act as 10 magnets to challenge your willpower.” In other words, if you are trying to avoid cake, it is probably best to find a route home that serves the artisanal doughnuts. Passage 5 词数：395 体裁：议论文 主题：人与社会 — 社会现象・“天才” 概念反思 考点：动词时态、副词用法、固定短语、形容词辨析 押题指数：★★★★ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．unsettled  B．leap  C． admittedly   D．point   E. raw   F. confirmed G. grant   H. short   I. brake   J. naturally   K. weakened The MacArthur Foundation late last month announced its latest crop of “genius grants”, and once again you thought maybe, just maybe, this was your year. And why not? These days, we’re all geniuses. We might be “marketing geniuses” or “cooking geniuses” or “TV geniuses”. We have so 1 “genius” that it’s fast joining the company of “natural” and “mindful”, words left inactive through overuse and misuse. The word is 2 tough to nail down. Sometimes we assume genius equivalent to 3 intelligence. But many of humanity’s greatest breakthroughs were achieved by those with only modest IQs. Sometimes we think of the genius as someone extremely knowledgeable, but that definition also falls 4 . During Albert Einstein’s time, other scientists knew more physics than Einstein did, but history doesn’t remember them. That’s because they didn’t make use of that knowledge the way Einstein did. They weren’t able to, as he put it, “regard old questions from a new angle”. The genius is not a know-it-all but a see-it-all, someone who, working with the material available to all of us, is able to make surprising and useful connections. True genius involves not merely an extra advance, but a conceptual 5 . As philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer put it: Talent hits the target no one else can hit; genius hits the target no one else can see. We’ve lost sight of this truth, and too often 6 the title of genius on talented people hitting visible targets. A good example is the much-boasted announcement earlier this year that scientists had, for the first time, recorded the sound of two black holes bumping, a billion light-years away. It was a remarkable discovery, no doubt, but it did not represent a dramatic shift in how we understand the universe. It merely 7 Einstein’s general theory of relativity. As Plato observed, “What is honored in a country is cultivated there.” What do we honor? Digital technology, and the convenience it represents, so 8 we get a Steve Jobs or a Mark Zuckerberg as our “geniuses”, which, in point of fact, they aren’t. The iPhone and Facebook are wonderful inventions. In many ways, they make our lives a bit easier, a bit more convenient. If anything, though, a true genius makes our lives more difficult, more 9 . William Shakespeare’s words provide more anxiety than relief, and the world felt a bit more secure before Charles Darwin came along. Zuckerberg and Jobs may have changed our world, but they haven’t yet changed our worldview. We need to recover genius, and a good place to start is by pressing the 10 on Genius Flooding. 押题猜想03 完形填空题（逻辑线索+语境推理） 试题前瞻·能力先查 【命题说明】 主题语境：人与社会 —— 人际交往、情商修养、尊重他人，是高考完形填空必考的人文素养主题。 考点覆盖：名词词义辨析、副词逻辑关系、动词词义辨析、动词词义辨析、动词词义辨析、名词词义辨析、形容词词义辨析、形容词固定搭配、动词词义辨析、名词词义辨析、动词词义辨析、介词短语辨析、动词词义辨析、名词词义辨析、名词词义辨析。 易错设置：上下文逻辑关系词误用、近义词词义辨析不清、固定短语搭配混淆、语境情感把握偏差。 Throughout our life journey, we are bound to have many people around us. They all play an important role in our lives and help us to become strong human beings. So having respect for the feelings of others is essential for us to grow as strong individuals. As we are all unique in our own way, the people around us may have different feelings, beliefs and behaviors in line with their own needs and 1 . They cannot react the same way in any given situation as we do. 2 , by respecting the feelings of others, we help ourselves to realize our desired goal smoothly and live a truly contented life. By respecting the feelings of others, we encourage them to share their feelings and experiences in a more friendly way, which 3 relationships. Only having respect for them is not enough, and we have to show them that we care about them through empathy and understanding. We should never give advice without being asked, criticize or 4 others because we do not know those people well enough to 5 . In other words, disrespect is a sign of ignorance. The best way to respect the feelings of other people is by listening to them with empathy so that they can share their feelings comfortably, After all, we as human beings have more 6 underneath our skin colour, race and religion. Also, the truth is that everyone deserves respect. So we should treat people in a manner as we expect to be treated. Finally, feelings are what make anyone feel worthwhile or worthless. It requires only a few efforts to make anyone feel 7 . Therefore, we should learn how to respect the feelings of others and have a happy life. Throughout our life journey, conflicts with others are 8 to happen. When facing such situations, respecting others’ feelings can help reduce tensions. It allows us to 9 disagreements with an open mind and seek solutions that take everyone’s 10 into account. Respecting others’ feelings can also 11 a positive atmosphere in our social circles. People feel valued and accepted, which 12 makes them more willing to communicate and cooperate. This creates a cycle of mutual respect that 13 our connections with others. Moreover, respecting the feelings of others is not just about being kind; it’s a 14 of emotional intelligence. It shows that we can recognize and appreciate the inner world of others, which is a key 15 for building meaningful and lasting relationships. 1．A．distributions B．innovations C．assumptions D．motivations 2．A．Nevertheless B．Therefore C．Though D．Furthermore 3．A．injures B．integrates C．promotes D．destroys 4．A．lecture B．persuade C．praise D．warn 5．A．judge B．appreciate C．support D．guarantee 6．A．likenesses B．similarities C．distinctions D．characteristics 7．A．precious B．insignificant C．pleased D．valuable 8．A．likely B．prepared C．keen D．certain 9．A．ignore B．arise C．emerge D．approach 10．A．prospects B．statuses C．perspectives D．fortunes 11．A．envelopes B．fosters C．sustains D．ruins 12．A．by contrast B．in return C．by nature D．in turn 13．A．weakens B．shortens C．strengthens D．loosens 14．A．mark B．sign C．symbol D．signal 15．A．element B．composition C．mission D．outcome 【押题依据】 1. 围绕尊重他人、情商培养展开，契合高考英语立德树人命题导向，是上海高考完形填空高频人文主题； 2. 语篇逻辑清晰，层次分明，设空均匀，考点侧重逻辑推理、词义辨析、语境理解，符合真题命题规律； 3. 选项设置干扰性适中，兼顾基础题与区分度题，适配上海高考难度。 【押题解读】 本题以议论文形式考查语境逻辑与词汇运用，要求考生梳理段落逻辑、把握作者观点，结合上下文语义选择最佳选项。不仅考查语言能力，更渗透人际交往素养，完美贴合上海高考完形填空 “语言 + 思维 + 价值” 三维考查目标。 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 词数：396 体裁：议论文 主题：人与社会 — 伦理争议・动物实验 考点：正反观点对比、固定搭配、副词辨析 押题指数：★★★★☆ Is Animal Testing Defensible?YES Important differences between humans and animals mean animal testing is ethical (合乎道德的) if done properly. In fact, the benefits of conducting animal testing are so great that it would be wrong not to do it. Animals aren’t like people. With the possible 1 of higher mammals (哺乳动物), animals aren’t self-aware, don’t 2 consciousness or experience feelings like people do. That’s why it’s 3 when lions eat zebras, mantises kill their mates or when scientists use mice to test medicines. 4 any unnecessary suffering should be avoided. That’s why laws like the Animal Welfare Act strictly govern the treatment of the 26 million animals used in testing every year in the U. S. Nearly every medical breakthrough in the last 100 years has involved animal testing. Nothing can 5 the research value of using a living test subject. Would it be ethical to keep back 6 life-saving medicine from billions of people because 7 it would require animal testing? Scientific facts save us from making poor decisions 8 on the beliefs that animals behave like humans. The benefits of strictly regulated animal testing, however, are undeniable. Future generations will be thankful for the advantages they’ll enjoy as a result of animal testing today.NO “Ethical animal experimentation” is a 9 in terms. And even if it weren’t, the unnecessary suffering caused by this 10 regulated industry would still be unacceptable. Humans are member of the animal kingdom. Non-human animals also feel emotions such as joy, sadness and fear, just like humans do. Behaving as if people are more important than other animals is speciesism and no 11 for cruelty or exploitation. In the U.S. alone, chemical, drug, food and cosmetics experiments kill over 100 million animals every year! The Animal Welfare Act, meant to protect animals, does not 12 rats, mice, fish and birds, which account for about 95 percent of research animals. This enables what could be considered the torture of millions of animals. The benefits of animal experimentation are often 13 . Very little hard evidence has been linked to its supposed benefits upon closer 14 . On rare occasions when it has, the knowledge gained could have been obtained without the use of animals. Scientists have other avenues to obtain necessary data, two of which are lab-grown tissue and computer modeling. When future generations look back on the unnecessary way people treated research animals and for so little benefit — they’ll be 15 . 1．A．evolution B．exception C．reaction D．stimulation 2．A．recover B．raise C．possess D．contain 3．A．acceptable B．approachable C．available D．agreeable 4．A．Contrarily B．Instead C．Accordingly D．Regardless 5．A．replace B．deserve C．analyse D．restrict 6．A．optimistically B．potentially C．apparently D．physically 7．A．developing B．submitting C．preserving D．reforming 8．A．acted B．concentrated C．reflected D．based 9．A．contradiction B．qualification C．discrimination D．confusion 10．A．strictly B．randomly C．poorly D．emotionally 11．A．demand B．excuse C．guarantee D．doubt 12．A．relate to B．prefer to C．attach to D．apply to 13．A．overstated B．underestimated C．undervalued D．overloaded 14．A．discussion B．cooperation C．competition D．inspection 15．A．grateful B．horrified C．generous D．flexible Passage 2 词数：432 体裁：议论文 主题：人与社会 — 公共空间・乡村开放通道 考点：名词动词辨析、短语动词、语境逻辑 押题指数：★★★★ Permissive Paths I’ve always loved a ‘permissive path’ — a route across private land that the owner, manager or tenant has decided voluntarily to open to all. It’s always seemed like the nicest of 1 . A surprise, a welcome, a generous act, as well as an implied agreement between walker and landowner: here is a safe route to use, 2 . The direct 3 of “get off my land”, it is the action of a farmer or land manager interested in and part of their wider community. Many permissive paths work well and have done for a significant amount of time, enhancing or connecting our network of public footpaths and byways. And there is much to gain in 4 benefit, too. For walkers, perhaps a route that ‘ 5 ’ across the land is scenic, invites curiosity and enquiry into what’s living or growing in a place through the seasons. For land managers, they can introduce a lot of cheer and common 6 : great public relations, a gateway to building understanding and respect for the work and life of the countryside, plus more love for what else lives, or has lived, in a place, historically or ecologically. Many land managers and farmers are critically 7 of the knowledge gap between most people and farming, as well as the need for access to the countryside for all. Many want to share the 8 of the space they live or work in. But it takes a certain amount of kindness, courage and effort to 9 a welcome onto land you are responsible for. Kate Sharp, tenant farmer on the glorious, organic West Town Farm in Devon, 10 by semi-retired farmer Andy Bragg, says she loves “to help people enjoy the beautiful countryside with us and have a 11 to the farming we do here” through permissive paths. But she’s been saddened by the actions of some, with off-lead dogs misbehaving around livestock, poo (屎) not picked up or, weirdly, picked up, bagged, thrown or 12 somewhere. West Town Farm 13 ‘Pasture for Life’ principles, grazing (放牧) animals on 100% rich and diverse fields. There is no place on it for dog poo, or poo in bags hanging from berry-and wildlife-rich hedgerows. Kate emphasises the majority of dog walkers use it in a friendly, respectful way, but the problem has got so bad from a few, she’s considering a no-dog policy. 14 , the Bathurst Estate in Cirencester chose to monetise access after 300 years of use while Bridehead Estate in Dorset shut its access after 65 years and a new owner. When this can happen, and when a few people 15 things for others, bold moves, such as Peer responsibility and the Right to Roam public access movement, offer better gateways to long-term solutions and cultural and social change. They are potential game changers. 1．A．territories B．volunteers C．invitations D．administrations 2．A．responsibly B．straight C．naturally D．alone 3．A．gesture B．equivalent C．command D．opposite 4．A．mutual B．physical C．seasonal D．agricultural 5．A．cuts short B．makes sense C．costs dear D．gets the boot 6．A．wealth B．knowledge C．estate D．goodwill 7．A．fearful B．ignorant C．aware D．ashamed 8．A．map B．privilege C．custom D．rhythm 9．A．extend B．decline C．honour D．receive 10．A．welcomed B．permitted C．tackled D．owned 11．A．restriction B．sacrifice C．connection D．vocation 12．A．dumped B．recycled C．charged D．hung 13．A．plugs into B．operates on C．withdraws from D．backfires on 14．A．Likewise B．For example C．In consequence D．Particularly 15．A．abuse B．adjust C．spoil D．profile Passage 3 词数：427 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自我 — 心理认知・注意力与多任务 考点：科学现象理解、副词形容词、逻辑关系 押题指数：★★★★☆ We are quite good at letting our minds wander while performing a routine motor skill. We can do the dinner dishes while thinking about our next vacation, or drink coffee while reading a newspaper. But psychologists ask this question: Do multitasking humans operate effectively and efficiently when they really need to 1 ？ The 2 suggests that the answer is no. One problem is interference (干扰). In the 1930s, the psychologist John Ridley Stroop showed there is a danger of 3 when the brain receives unexpected information while carrying out a routine task. To see what he found, try this exercise: Say the name of each shape in Column 1 out loud. Then, do the same for Column 2. Then, do the same for Column 3. Most likely you completed the first column 4 , went a bit slower in the second column and hesitated, or even made an error, in the third column. Because you are much quicker at reading words out loud than naming shapes, you had difficulty 5 the incorrect information that you read. Of course, this exercise is a bit unnatural, but it shows that multitaskers are very likely to make mistakes and hesitate if they get interference from the 6 set of stimuli while switching between tasks. Research also suggests that switching between tasks significantly 7 completion. If the two tasks are very routine and not too much 8 — say, singing along to a new tune while milking a crying baby — the brain does not need to switch between the tasks because the two require different input channels. The humming requires listening and singing, while the milking requires sight and the use of arm and hand muscles. But when a similar kind of attention is needed, the pace 9 as the brain must switch back and forth between the two tasks. A study in the Journal of Experimental Psychology found that switching between tasks like solving math problems and identifying shapes increases time 10 , especially with unfamiliar tasks. The brain takes longer to switch and assign resources due to the need to activate different sets of rules for each task. This delay makes multitasking less 11 than focusing on one task.   12 , the brain shows less neural (神经的) activity when handling two complex tasks at the same time, leading to longer completion times. For example, multitaskers took 1.5 times longer to write a report and check email compared to those who did each task 13 . All these 14 do not mean that you should never “whistle while you work”. But what about the digital showoff who sits through a university lecture while text-messaging on a tiny mobile phone screen? Remind them of this: The 15 machinery of our digital world was most likely developed by very single-minded people concentrating intently on a single task. 1．A．hurry B．interfere C．negotiate D．concentrate 2．A．experience B．estimation C．evidence D．emphasis 3．A．disappointment B．injury C．misunderstanding D．error 4．A．accidentally B．innovatively C．effortlessly D．repeatedly 5．A．remembering B．ignoring C．generating D．withdrawing 6．A．internal B．diverse C．wrong D．weak 7．A．delays B．ensures C．monitors D．arranges 8．A．simple B．alike C．necessary D．interesting 9．A．slows B．increases C．varies D．continues 10．A．saved B．lost C．tracked D．found 11．A．popular B．complex C．efficient D．challenging 12．A．Fortunately B．Additionally C．Ultimately D．Alternatively 13．A．separately B．regularly C．vigorously D．originally 14．A．requirements B．tasks C．concerns D．negatives 15．A．multitasking B．mechanical C．specialized D．packaging Passage 4 词数：409 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会 — 信息时代・新闻阅读 考点：情感态度、动词短语、上下文呼应 押题指数：★★★★ Keeping Up With “Irrelevant” News Today’s world is something of a contradiction. Even though we are being given access to more information than ever before, we are 1 enough becoming less informed. As we scroll through thousands of postings each day on social media, we see lots of gossip about celebrities and read people’s opinions about various issues. However, because we can now “choose (whether being forced to or not)” the news we read, we may be missing the news we “need.” According to a new survey released by Gallup, about 58% of Americans get their news from online sources, 38% from television and radio, and only 3% from printed newspapers and magazines. In Shanghai, we can also see the evidence of this drop in print media readership with the 2 of the red kiosks (书报亭) that used to be ubiquitous (无处不在的) around the city. This is 3 , as I see it, since newspapers and magazines, which explain stories in more detail, are still one of the most reliable sources of news today. I got into the habit of reading news stories when I was in high school. Every morning I would 4 a copy of The Globe and Mail, a Canadian newspaper based in Toronto, and read through it during my lunch break. Both top stories on the front page and the small ones on the inside pages looked 5 to me. As an added 6 reading news stories everyday has made me feel better connected to the wider world. Last February, terrible earthquakes hit Turkey and Syria. News about this event spread like wildfire. Instead of seeing it as a tragic story in a faraway place that did not have an effect on other countries, the international community 7 stepped in to help. Within 48 hours rescue teams from around the world were sent to the stricken areas. They worked to save the lives of those who were trapped beneath the rubble of collapsed buildings and to help other survivors 8 the cold of winter by giving them medical aid and supplying them with the basic necessities of life. That being said, some may still argue that all news is, ultimately, 9 to them. It’s likely that few of us would be able to name a news story in the last month that helped us to make a more informed 10 in our personal lives. If there is something I’ve noticed about people, including myself, is that we are almost always poor at 11 between what is and is not “relevant.” For me, I never 12 that the habit of reading news stories would end up helping me with my schoolwork and that it would later help pave the path to my future career. By reading well-written newspaper articles, I was able to include some of the information in my essays and to 13 my own writing skills. 14 , the news allows us to understand the world and our place in it. But bear in mind that online news sources can be less reliable unless they are a(n) 15 source such as Xinhua or, of course, our very own SSP. 1．A．curiously B．fortunately C．interestingly D．strangely 2．A．disadvantage B．disappearance C．disapproval D．disconnection 3．A．meaningful B．necessary C．reasonable D．unfortunate 4．A．hand out B．pick up C．show off D．throw away 5．A．abstract B．boring C．fascinating D．weird 6．A．bonus B．chance C．priority D．task 7．A．hesitantly B．instantly C．pleasantly D．reluctantly 8．A．celebrate B．endure C．record D．realize 9．A．immoral B．insignificant C．irrelevant D．unbelievable 10．A．complaint B．decision C．effort D．mistake 11．A．balancing B．distinguishing C．regulating D．switching 12．A．announced B．expected C．learned D．suggested 13．A．abandon B．boast C．improve D．share 14．A．By contrast B．For instance C．In short D．On average 15．A．controversial B．established C．independent D．profitable Passage 5 词数：415 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会 — 艺术文化・现代艺术大师 考点：人物介绍、艺术词汇、对比逻辑 押题指数：★★★★ “Modern Art” describes art created from the 1860s to the 1970s, including works by famous artists like Vincent Van Gogh, Paul Cezanne, and Pablo Picasso. This period marked a 1 from traditional art, focusing instead on experimentation and new ideas about materials and techniques.Two 2 figures from this era are Robert Rauschenberg and Andy Warhol. While Warhol became widely famous, Rauschenberg is better known within art circles. Robert Rauschenberg, born in Port Arthur, Texas, in 1925, grew up in a town with little 3 inspiration. Despite his father’s 4 of support for his art, his mother encouraged him. Rauschenberg moved to California in 1944, eager to escape his industrial hometown. 5 , Andy Warhol, born in Pittsburgh in 1928, was close to his mother due to his frequent illnesses. Although he missed much school, this time was crucial for developing his artistic skills. He later attended Carnegie Institute, marking his entry into the art world. Both artists eventually moved to New York, which, by the 1950s, was the new center for avant-garde art. Both Rauschenberg and Warhol shared a brave approach to art, adopting popular culture and 6 traditional ideas about what art could be. Rauschenberg was known for his 7 media works, using unconventional materials like metal, glass, and even found objects like socks and car parts. His 1953 piece, “Automobile Tire Print”, was a groundbreaking work that helped establish his 8 in art history. Warhol, on the other hand, gained fame with his “Campbell’s Soup Can” series. His artwork included everyday items, making art more relatable and 9 . Warhol also created famous portraits of celebrities like Marilyn Monroe and Elvis Presley. His 1964 exhibition of sculpture, featuring imitation supermarket products like Brillo and Heinz, further challenged conventional art forms and 10 his reputation. Both artists extended their 11 beyond traditional media. Rauschenberg cooperated with musicians, dancers, and even scientists, expanding the definition of art. His approach has been described as “the wind blowing through the art world”, constantly innovating. Warhol also 12 music, film, and Performance Art. His multimedia show,“The Exploding Plastic Inevitable”, was notable for its lighting innovations that influenced rock concerts. Despite their 13 careers, their paths differed in terms of public engagement. Warhol 14 publicity, wrote books, and socialized with celebrities, while Rauschenberg preferred to stay out of the limelight. Although Warhol’s work is highly commercial and instantly 15 , Rauschenberg’s contributions remain significant for their originality and impact on Modern Art. 1．A．request B．present C．shift D．warning 2．A．literary B．influential C．official D．local 3．A．sudden B．artistic C．seasonal D．permanent 4．A．level B．means C．lack D．nature 5．A．Similarly B．Unfortunately C．Strangely D．Eventually 6．A．expressing B．challenging C．evaluating D．maintaining 7．A．mixed B．regional C．digital D．free 8．A．claim B．place C．business D．version 9．A．accessible B．luxurious C．traditional D．decorative 10．A．damaged B．restored C．solidified D．assessed 11．A．search B．function C．authority D．creativity 12．A．provided B．explored C．sold D．replaced 13．A．conventional B．successful C．temporary D．independent 14．A．explained B．avoided C．doubted D．sought 15．A．recognizable B．realizable C．effective D．productive 模块二：阅读理解·体裁题型全突破 押题猜想04 记叙文/新闻报道（情感线索/成长励志） 试题前瞻·能力先查 【命题说明】 主题语境：人与自我 —— 生活感悟、成长蜕变、内心平静，属于高考记叙文阅读经典成长主题。 考点覆盖：细节理解题、细节理解题、词义猜测题、推理判断题。 易错设置：细节定位偏差、词义猜测脱离语境、推理过度解读原文。 About a year ago, my mother turned on the dishwasher and went to the airport to drop off my father who was headed overseas on a work trip. By the time she got back, there was water all over the kitchen floor. We called a repairman, only to be told the dishwasher would have to be replaced. A new one was ordered but it would not arrive for more than a month. As my mother had a tight schedule, I had no choice but to take on the task of washing dishes by hand after dinner. I soon found myself faced with a pile of thankless dishes in the sink, urging me to get on with it and deliver on my duty. At the beginning, I was annoyed when doing the dishes. I was in a rush to be done with them since I had an endless list of things to finish as a high school student taking a tough course load. Gradually, I realized that, for about 15 minutes every day, I could slow down time and forget everything in the world as my mind, eyes and hands focused on a simple task that would always result in success. We did finally get the new dishwasher placed. However, I continued to wash dishes by hand after dinner, perplexing my mother immensely. Washing dishes by hand has been more educational than I could have ever imagined. I’m running around stressed most of the day. There are homework assignments, projects, quizzes and tests competing for my attention and time. I’ve caged myself in a prison of my ambitions and expectations, cut off from many aspects of the world. However, standing at the same spot every day in front of the kitchen window washing dishes has allowed me to recover some of it. My mind has taken snap-shots of the changing view over the yard outside the kitchen window and meditated on the passage of time in this sliver of the universe in front of me. 1．Why did the author start washing dishes by hand? A．The old dishwasher broke down. B．His mother requested him to do so. C．He attempted to please his father. D．The new dishwasher was over budget. 2．What did the author think of dish-washing initially? A．It was a stress-reliever. B．It was complicated. C．It was a money-saver. D．It was burdensome. 3．What does the underlined word “perplexing” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Offending. B．Puzzling. C．Discouraging. D．Inspiring. 4．What can we learn about the author from the last two paragraphs? A．He grew more sensitive to the beauty of nature. B．He regretted devoting too much time to study. C．He decided to abandon some of his ambitions. D．He desired to move to a house with a larger yard. 【押题依据】 1. 选材为个人生活叙事，以小见大传递成长感悟，是上海高考记叙文阅读核心选材方向； 2. 题型严格匹配上海高考阅读命题题制，覆盖细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断必考题型； 3. 语篇难度、长度与真题一致，侧重考查细节定位与深层推理能力。 【押题解读】 本题通过日常洗碗小事传递生活哲理，考查考生快速定位细节、根据语境猜词、合理推理隐含信息的能力。语篇贴近高中生生活，易于理解但考查深度到位，符合上海高考记叙文阅读 “浅文深考” 特点。 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 词数：412 体裁：新闻报道 主题：人与社会 — 环保政策・新能源 考点：写作手法、例证作用、观点态度 押题指数：★★★★☆ The UK government’s decision to mandate (强制要求) solar panels on all new homes by 2027 marks a significant milestone in its net-zero journey. This policy, while adding £3,000-£4,000 to construction costs per home, promises annual energy savings of £1,000 for homeowners while reducing carbon emissions. Some environmental groups have applauded the move, with campaigner Lily-Rose Ellis calling it a “commonsense decision” that develops and makes use of untapped rooftop potential. The initiative matches broader climate goals. An expert from Energy Secretary emphasizes solar power’s dual benefits: enhancing energy security and cutting household bills. Scotland’s success story — where solar adoption in new buildings jumped from 10% in 2016 to 70% in 2020-demonstrates its availability. Roofing expert Stuart Nicholson highlights the artistic and practical advantages of integrated panels, noting their potential to ease fuel poverty in social housing. However, the policy faces criticism. A former official labels such measures “unwise”, arguing they force financial burdens on citizens with slight global impact. The construction industry warns of delays due to complex permitting, especially for homes with north-facing roofs. Some experts advocate for diversified investments in wind energy and sustainable fuels instead. Nonetheless, the generally accepted opinion is that the adoption of solar energy is a positive step. “New-build homes give out on average a third of the carbon of an older property, saving owners thousands of pounds in energy bills,” Steve Turner, executive director of the Home Builders Federation, has said. “To meet the ever more challenging carbon reductions set by the government, we will see solar on the overwhelming majority of new homes, though it is not appropriate in every situation,” he added. In conclusion, the UK’s solar mandate represents a practical balance between environmental ambition and economic reality. Its success depends on addressing implementation (实施) challenges while maintaining flexibility for alternative solutions. By doing so, the UK can solidify its leadership in sustainable housing and inspire global emulation. 1．How does the author introduce the UK’s solar panel policy in paragraph 1? A．By quoting historical data. B．By defining technical terms. C．By criticizing opposition views. D．By comparing costs and benefits. 2．What is the primary reason for mentioning Scotland in the text? A．To show its advanced solar technology. B．To prove the availability of solar adoption. C．To warn of its slow progress in renewable energy. D．To emphasize its role in the policy-making. 3．Who expresses concerns about the policy’s financial impact? A．An environmental campaigner. B．One construction industry worker. C．One former government official. D．A solar panel businessman. 4．What does Steve Turner think of the solar mandate? A．It’s mostly beneficial. B．It helps improve housing quality. C．It’s useless for carbon cuts. D．It brings extra costs to builders. Passage 2 词数：398 体裁：新闻报道 主题：人与社会 — 文化现象・纸质书复苏 考点：细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意 押题指数：★★★★ A new Barnes & Noble bookstore has opened near the busy corner of Clark and Diversey in Chicago. The Lincoln Park store covers about 8,000 square feet, bringing fresh energy to the neighborhood. Meanwhile, another branch is planned for a large space in a former historic bank building on North Milwaukee Avenue in Wicker Park. Two more locations are also expected in the Chicago area. After closing its stand-alone stores years ago, the company is now returning with confidence and ambition. According to Janine Flanigan, the senior director of store planning and design, Barnes & Noble hopes to have a bookstore in every community. Now the company is experiencing strong growth nationwide and is eager to reconnect with readers in the city. This comeback reflects a wider change. During the pandemic, many people stayed at home with limited choices for entertainment. Reading quietly became a reliable companion. Independent bookstores first noticed this revival, as more customers searched for meaningful stories and knowledge. When large companies like Barnes & Noble begin to invest again, it shows a very hopeful sign. Statistics support this idea. In the United States, print book sales now exceed 700million copies each year. While audio and e-books have a share of the market, the ink-and-paper version remains the most popular book format among U. S. consumers with 65% of adults having read a print book in the last 12 months. Chicago is rich in independent bookstores. Shops such as Unabridged Books and Women and Children First have served their neighborhoods for decades, each reflecting its local culture and charm. These small businesses give readers a sense of belonging and warmth. Some people worry that big chains may threaten smaller stores. Yet large and small bookstores can be compatible. Big stores provide variety and scale, while small ones offer personality and personal service. Together, they keep the culture of reading alive. Books invite us to slow down, think deeply and connect with others, a comfort and powerful tool in a fast-changing world. 1．What do we know about Barnes & Noble in the first two paragraphs? A．It’s opening 4 branches. B．It closes all old stores. C．It’s expanding bookstores. D．It buys a historic bank. 2．Which of the following best describes the print books in the US? A．They fall behind digital books. B．They are readers’ top choice. C．They are increasingly favored. D．They hold the entire market. 3．What does the word “compatible” in Paragraph 6 most nearly mean? A．Fiercely competitive. B．Independently evolved. C．Mutually enhanced. D．Perfectly coexistent. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Peaceful, Deep Reading Is Changing Modern People. B．Rapid, Strong Growth Is Appearing In Book Sales. C．Leafy, Green Shoots Are Growing From Pages. D．Bright, Fresh Life Is Rising In Local Culture. Passage 3 词数：405 体裁：夹叙夹议 主题：人与社会 — 职场・归属感 考点：细节理解、写作目的、推理判断 押题指数：★★★★☆ On my first day at my current job, I came to work expecting a friendly welcome — but I was met with silence. After a quick introduction to the business manager, I was told where to get my ID and then left to figure the rest out on my own. I clearly remember walking into my first departmental meeting, eager to meet my colleagues, only for the boss to skip over introducing me completely. Not really the type of environment that inspires a feeling of belonging. The primary loneliness stuck with me. Instead of waiting for the workplace culture to change, I decided to create my own sense of community. I started a lunch group, which grew into a regular coffee hour. I invited new hires to join informal meetups, promoting connections before and after department meetings. Over time, this small, self-made network became my spirit support at work. But what if I hadn’t built that community myself? Chances are that I would have left the job. Increasingly, researchers are realizing that developing a sense of belonging is critical for workforce stability. Historically, studies on supporting workforce stability have focused on more basic factors like pay, hours, and workload. These are all important qualities that cannot be overlooked. But they are not enough. You must have heard of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. The theory suggests lower-level needs must be met before you can progress to higher-level needs. At the base of Maslow’s hierarchy, physiological and safety needs must be met. This is where fundamentals like pay, hours, and workplace safety would fall. Just above that is the need for love and belonging. In a workplace, this translates to a sense of connection and feeling like part of the team. According to Maslow’s theory, it’s impossible to be the best version of ourselves without meeting these fundamental needs. So although, yes, being paid fairly is important, to motivate employees to operate at their highest level, you need to create an environment where people feel they truly matter. 1．What did the writer experience on the first day of his new job? A．A hearty reception from colleagues. B．Thorough guidance at the workplace. C．Emotional distance between coworkers. D．Brief training from the business manager. 2．What is the writer’s purpose of starting a lunch group? A．Establishing a regular break time. B．Building up a shared identity. C．Passing on the workplace culture. D．Conducting meetings during meals. 3．Why does the writer introduce Maslow’s theory? A．To describe an ideal working environment. B．To discuss spiritual role in job satisfaction. C．To suggest an effective management method. D．To explain factors to keeping the workforce. 4．What does the last paragraph imply for a workplace? A．Basic demands are equal to emotional needs. B．Fair payment is the core of staff motivation. C．A culture of belonging develops staff’s potential. D．Basic needs make the best versions of staff. Passage 4 词数：421 体裁：记叙文 主题：人与社会 — 灾难救助・人文温暖 考点：细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意 押题指数：★★★★ The fire raced through Lahaina last August so fast that it killed 100 people and destroyed more than 2,200 buildings. It left more than 7,000 people without their possessions and in need of shelter. That afternoon, Kalyn Lepre, a 36-year-old nutritional therapist, grabbed her wallet and drove out of town. She lost everything else in her four-bedroom house: clothes, documents, jewelry and seven surfboards. Lepre surfed almost every day; surfing was a source of joy and a means to maintain her mental health. Seeing her surfboards reduced to a pile of fibers — especially her prized baby blue custom long board — was heart-wrenching. “I was so in love with that board,” she says. Jud Lau understood. The 53-year-old Maui native has been riding the waves since he was a teenager, and he’s been building surfboards for the last 15 years. He knows the value of a good surfboard. “A surfboard is part of your whole being especially in Hawaii, where surfing originated,” he says. “Losing a board is like losing a part of your soul. ” So, wanting to help the victims in some way, he started thinking about all the surfers who had lost their boards. “And I thought, that’s my area of expertise,” he says. “Surfing is a healing thing for surfers — getting in the ocean, connecting to Mother Nature. ” He realized he could give that back to them. Lau started by connecting people who wanted to donate extra boards to those who had lost theirs, about 200 boards total. Friends in Oahu and California collected another 550 boards and shipped them to Maui for Lau to distribute. But many surfers, like Lepre, use custom boards designed to accommodate their size or the type of waves they ride. So Lau turned to cash donations — raising about $20,000 — to cover the cost of materials for shaping custom boards to give away. Donating his labor, he made more than 40 boards that typically would have retailed for $ 600 to S1,500 each. He also persuaded the other shapers on the island, about a dozen of them, to make at least one board each, providing around 20 more surfboards. The recipients of Lau’s efforts include Lepre. She messaged him what she’d lost and he shaped her a high-performance, 9-foot, single-fin board with a sunset fading from yellow to orange and “Lahaina” in deep red letters in the middle. “I cried when I saw it.” Lepre says, “He created an art piece for me, and this tool would help me move forward. ” The new board allowed her to get back in the water and start healing. 1．According to the passage, what does surfing mean to Kalyn Lepre? A．It’s critical to her mental health. B．It’s optional in her everyday life. C．It’s a casual form of exercise for her. D．It’s her vital means of making a living. 2．In the second paragraph, the underlined word “heart-wrenching” is closest in meaning to ________. A．distracting B．frightening C．distressing D．puzzling 3．What can be inferred about Jud Lau’s motivation to help fire victims? A．He wanted to profit from selling surfboards B．He aimed to promote his surfboard business C．He believed surfing could aid emotional recovery D．He was ordered by local authorities to take action 4．The passage is mainly concerned with ________. A．the destructive force of a fire in Lahaina B．the significance of surfing for Hawaiian people C．how Kalyn Lepre overcame the grief of losing a surfboard D．how Jud Lau helped those who lost their surfboards in the fire Passage 5 词数：430 体裁：记叙文 主题：人与社会 — 见义勇为・友谊 考点：人物关系、细节判断、主旨标题 押题指数：★★★★ Jameson Lobb, a 24-year-old investment banker from Toronto, was just one week into his new job on Wall Street. Over the past month, he’d been settling into the New York City apartment he was sharing with his college buddy, an artificial intelligence engineer named Raphael Jafri. On Oct. 4, 2023, the two were squeezing in a lunchtime workout on Pier 15, overlooking the East River, when Lobb froze. “Somebody’s in the water,” he said. Before Jafri could respond, Lobb climbed over the rail at the edge of the pier and leaped into the cold water without taking the time to remove his shoes. What Lobb had heard was an alarmed fisherman shouting nearly 50 yards away, “Help! He’s in the water!” And what he’d seen was a person floating, lifeless. Jafri didn’t need to see the victim. Maybe Lobb saw someone in the water who needs our help, he thought. Or maybe it’s Lobb who needs my help. Either way, I’m going in. He pulled off his shoes and swan-dived. Approaching the unconscious victim, Lobb saw that it was a middle-aged man. He was big, around 200 pounds, respectably dressed and sinking fast. The rescuer dove, grasped the man and kicked upward until they both resurfaced. The two friends floated the man on his back. As Jafri looped his arms around the man’s shoulders and Lobb supported the hips and knees, the pair took great pains back to Pier 15. Their muscles burned as they pushed and pulled the immobile figure through the freezing water. When at last they reached Pier 15, they faced a new uncertainty. How to get out? The pier’s decking stood an unreachable 10 feet above their heads. Suddenly the man stirred, breathing again, and beat Jafri confusedly in the face before fading back to near unconsciousness. On the pier, a crowd had gathered. From somewhere, the onlookers produced a rope and a life preserver, which they threw to Jafri and Lobb. With the two men pushing from below and the crowd pulling from above, the man’s body slowly rose until helping hands pulled him onto the pier. Both men, thoroughly exhausted from 15-plus minutes in the water and bleeding from numerous cuts, watched as rescue workers loaded the nearly drowned man into an ambulance and drove away. Lobb and Jafri never learned who he was, what became of him or how he’d fallen into the river. In place of that knowledge, they have a story they get to tell now, another experience that has further cemented their bond. Lots of people were on the piers that day, yet only the two of them jumped in the water - because, they say, they were the fittest people there and, so, had a moral responsibility. “If I know I’m capable,” Lobb says, “why wouldn’t I help?” Jafri adds, laughing, “People always say `If your friend jumps off a cliff, are you jumping?’ I think I answered that one.” 1．What’s the relationship between Lobb and Jafri? A．banker and client B．employer and employee C．workmates D．roommates 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Jafri rushed to be the first to rescue the victim, but he failed. B．The victim unintentionally gave Jafri a blow in the face. C．The rescue workers spent 15-plus minutes pulling the victim out. D．Lobb and Jafri were voted as the fittest to jump into the water. 3．When it comes to the difficulties in the rescue, Lobb and Jafri met with ________. (1) the cold and polluted water (2) the victim’s heavy weight (3) the unreachable deck (4) their muscle fatigue (5) onlookers’ indifference A．(1)(2)(3) B．(2)(3)(4) C．(1)(4)(5) D．(2)(4)(5) 4．The best title of this story might be ________. A．The fittest survives B．Friends in deed C．No pain, no gain D．More haste, less speed 押题猜想05 应用文/说明文（海报/操作说明/旅游指南） 试题前瞻·能力先查 【命题说明】 主题语境：人与社会 —— 科技应用、AI 工具使用指南，贴合应用文阅读科技类热点。 考点覆盖：细节理解题、推理判断题、推理判断题。 易错设置：信息匹配错误、推理脱离原文、表格信息提取失误。 Nano Banana Models: A Quick Guide Nano Banana (Flash) and Nano Banana Pro are AI image generation models designed for different creative needs. Flash is built for speed, excelling at quick edits. Pro, on the other hand, is a reasoning engine that handles complex tasks like detailed infographics (信息图). Prompting (提示词) Strategies Success depends on how you communicate with each model. Remember: Flash needs stories while Pro needs structures. For Flash: ◆Use conversational, narrative prompts ◆Clearly state: Subject + Action + Context + Style Here is an example prompt for Flash: Create an image of a high - fashion model in a grey suit sitting on a stone bench in a formal garden, with soft lighting. For Pro: ◆Provide structured instructions ◆Specify layout (布局) patterns ◆Request logic flow and white space Here is an example prompt for Pro: Create a professional infographic showing ‘How to Make the Perfect Espresso.’ Use an S-curve layout to guide the eye. Include five steps, each with an icon and a short label. Apply a warm color pattern. (see Figure 1) If you encounter the following issues, adjust your prompts using the table below:TROUBLESHOOTING COMMON ISSUES Model Problem Likely Cause Solution Flash Messy composition Unclear prompt Add details: lighting, distance, camera angle Flash Wrong artistic style Weak style cue Use exact terms: e.g., oil painting, pixel art Pro Crowded information No white space guidance Specify: 20% white space, clear gaps between sections Pro Illogical flow Unspecified priority order Define reading paths: top-to-bottom, left-to-right 1．What is the main difference between Flash and Pro? A．Flash is faster but Pro is more accurate. B．Flash creates images but Pro edits them. C．Flash is free while Pro requires payment. D．Flash is for urgency while Pro is for complexity. 2．Which prompt follows the correct strategy for Flash? A．“Design a blue company logo.” B．“Create a Q1-Q4 business chart.” C．“Draw a cat playing in a warm garden.” D．“Generate a left-to-right timeline layout.” 3．According to the table, why is it necessary to define a reading path? A．To guide the logical order. B．To improve color accuracy. C．To speed up image generation. D．To prevent information overload. 【押题依据】 1. 聚焦AI 图像生成工具，紧跟前沿科技热点，符合上海高考应用文阅读实用化、现代化选材趋势； 2. 采用说明文 + 表格形式，是上海高考应用文阅读经典命题结构； 3. 题型侧重信息查找与逻辑推理，考查实用信息获取能力。 【押题解读】 本题为工具使用指南类应用文，考查考生快速提取关键信息、对比分析差异、根据表格解决问题的能力，贴近实际应用场景，完美契合上海高考应用文阅读 “考查实用语言能力” 的核心目标。 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 词数：316 体裁：说明文（产品介绍） 主题：人与社会 — 艺术设计・经典家具 考点：细节理解、特征匹配、文章出处 押题指数：★★★★ Apart from providing a place to rest, a chair can demonstrate the very best in innovative design, indicate the most individual tastes, and can be the measure of wider artistic and cultural movements. Here are some famous chairs of all time. Panton Chair Designer: Verner Panton The Panton Chair is a classic in the furniture market. Designed in 1960, the chair was developed for serial production in 1967. It was the first chair to be made entirely out of plastic in one single piece. The Panton Chair has received several international design awards. Wegner Wishbone Chair Designer: Hans Wegner The Wishbone Chair first appeared in 1949. This chair remains a classic to this day. While designing this chair, Wegner chose to combine the wooden back and armrest into a single piece. To give stability to the top and ensure comfortable support, Wegner developed the characteristic Y-shaped back that the Wishbone chair is named after. Adirondack Chair Designer: Thomas Lee The first Adirondack chair was created by Thomas Lee around 1903. The Adirondack chair is an outdoor chair with wide armrests, a tall back, and a seat that is higher in the front than the back. The original design featured a small number of flat wooden boards, with the seat support combined with the back legs. Director’s Chair Designer: Gold Medal Camp Furniture Company With design roots dating back to a X-shaped Roman seat, the Director’s Chair in the 1920s is widely used on film sets. It is a lightweight chair that folds side-to-side with a scissors action. The seat and back are made of strong fabric that bears the full weight of the user and can be folded. The frame is made of wood, sometimes metal or plastic. 1．Which of the following is an Adirondack Chair? A． B． C． D． 2．What do the four chairs have in common? A．They are in one single piece. B．They received design awards. C．They appeared in the 20th century. D．They are named after the designers. 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A design magazine. B．A chair DIY guide. C．A decoration brochure. D．A furniture advertisement. Passage 2 词数：297 体裁：海报 / 活动介绍 主题：人与自然 — 科考探险・昆虫保护 考点：对象判断、共性对比、服务信息 押题指数：★★★★☆ Expedition Entomology (昆虫学) is a chance for you to join our research and conservation initiatives where you’ll gather samples, document behavior, and discover species while hiking, swimming, climbing, digging, and camping in some of the most remote and biodiverse places on Earth. You’ll gain cultural insight and develop unforgettable bonds with the researchers and fellow participants. Every expedition (探险) generates essential insect biodiversity information from a wide variety of ecosystems. supporting global conservation plans and creating much-needed, long-term environmental datasets. Do you have a research or conservation project you’d like to get started? Do you have a list of insects you want to experience in the wild? Contact us and we can make all the travel arrangements, permit applications, official inquiries, insurance, etc. — we take care of the boring stuff so you don’t have to! Just let us know your bug (虫子) dreams and we’ll make it happen within your budget! 1．Who is Expedition Entomology most suitable for? A．A student majoring in history. B．A teenager crazy about team sports. C．An entomologist seeking financial aid. D．A traveler interested in nature conservation. 2．What do the two expeditions have in common? A．They last ten days. B．They are open to children. C．They are free for singles. D．They offer platform campsites. 3．What service can Expedition Entomology offer? A．Guidance on budget cuts. B．Help with official procedures. C．Care for young participants. D．Training in academic research. Passage 3 词数：289 体裁：旅游指南 主题：人与社会 — 旅行服务・城市通卡 考点：受众判断、细节查找、信息理解 押题指数：★★★★★ Good to knowHow to activate your City Card Buy the City Card at any time. If you choose to get the physical City Card, your card will be activated when you first use it in Amsterdam. If you choose to get the digital City Card, you can activate your card via the I amsterdam City Card app when you are ready to explore the city.Download the app here. How to get on a canal cruise You can use your City Card to enjoy a canal cruise at all major canal tour operators in Amsterdam. There is no need to book ahead. Find a departure location near you and board a canal boat at a time that suits you. Find departure locations here. 1．Who are most likely to order the City Card? A．Online shoppers. B．Amateur cyclists. C．Overseas tourists. D．Facility operators. 2．Which attraction offers cardholders gifts? A．A’dam Lookout. B．Heineken Experience. C．Royal Coster Diamonds. D．ARTIS Amsterdam Royal Zoo. 3．What can we learn from the “Good to know” section? A．Flexible boarding is available for cruises. B．The digital card is valid upon purchase. C．City Card app activates the physical card. D．The museums require advance bookings. Passage 4 词数：305 体裁：操作说明 主题：人与社会 — 生活科技・地震预警 考点：步骤细节、结果判断、文体来源 押题指数：★★★★ If you live in California, you have the ability to enable earthquake alerts. These alerts come when an earthquake occurs and shaking in your area is around the corner. If you do not live in any of these areas, you can still receive alerts through a free app by University of California Berkeley called MyShake. This passage will show you how to enable earthquake alerts on a smartphone. 1. Update your phone. To do so, go to Settings, scroll down to “Software update”, and select “Download and install”. 2. Open your phone’s location settings. Open the Settings and go to “Location”. 3. Tap Earthquake Alerts. This will open up a page where you can enable location services for enhanced earthquake warnings. 4. Ensure the toggle (切换键) is set to On. This will enable earthquake alerts on your phone. ● You will receive a notification if the California earthquake early warning system detects a magnitude 4.5 earthquake or bigger with seismic intensity IV or greater. ● If the toggle is off, you will still receive Wireless Emergency Alerts, provided that you enabled them beforehand. 1．What will tapping Earthquake Alerts cause directly? A．Your phone to be updated. B．The toggle to be set to On. C．You to be taken to a page. D．An alert to be sounded. 2．What will happen if the earthquake alert toggle is off? A．Location settings will be turned on. B．A software update will be required. C．All alerts will be stopped immediately. D．Preset emergency alerts will still work. 3．Where is this passage most probably taken from? A．A technical instruction page. B．An application advertisement. C．A scientific research paper. D．A natural disaster report. Passage 5 词数：342 体裁：赛事通知 主题：人与社会 — 文化活动・写作比赛 考点：写作目的、参赛资格、日期匹配 押题指数：★★★★☆ Contests $4,000 IN AWARDS. Enter New Millennium Writing Awards by January 31, 2026 — $1,000 EACH for Best poetry, fiction, nonfiction, flash fiction. All winners published in our anthology and online. “I love the emphasis on new writers, the blind judging, and the lack of restrictions on subject and style.” — Orlando Dare, recent submitter. Visit www.newmillenniumwritings.org. THE 2026 ORISON Prizes in Poetry & Fiction offer $1,500 and publication by Orison Books for a full-length manuscript in each genre. Judges: Leila Chatti (poetry); fiction judge: Margot Livesey. Entry fee: $25. Entry period: December 1, 2025 — April 1, 2026. For guidelines, visit orison books.com/ submissions. AMERICA MEDIA Foley Poetry Contest. $1,000 prize. No entrance fee. Submissions accepted: January 1 — March 31, 2026. One unpublished poem on any topic. 45 lines or fewer. Submit online: americanedia.submittable.com. Mailed submissions: America Foley Poetry Contest, 1212 Avenue of the Americas, 11th floor, New York, NY 10036. 2026 KENTUCKY Visions Short Story Contest. Enter your fiction (up to 7,500 words) by January 31, 2026, for a chance to win $500! Either the setting or the author must have a Kentucky connection. Visit bluegrasswriterscoalition.com/contest for details. Unleash your creativity and share your Kentucky-inspired story today! 2026 PRIME Number Magazine Awards for Poetry and Short Fiction. $1,000 first prize in each category plus publication. Two runners-up in each category receive $250 plus publication. Reading fee: $15. Open March through April 2026. Submit online through Submittable. Details at www.press53.com/ prime-number-magazine-awards. ANNOUNCING the call for submissions for Wesleyan University Press’s Cardinal Poetry Prize. For first full-length books by poets over 40. Open February 1 — 28, 2026. Judged by Robert Pinsky. $1,000cash prize and publication by Wesleyan University Press. Website: weslpress.org/ the-cardinal-poetry-prize/. 1．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To introduce famous poets and writers. B．To advertise several literary contests. C．To compare different publishing houses. D．To explain how to write a short story. 2．Which of the following could enter Kentucky Visions Short Story Contest? A．A poem about American history. B．A nonfiction novel with 10,000 words. C．A short story based on Kentucky. D．A full-length book written by some poets. 3．Which two contests have the same submission deadline? A．Orison Prizes in Poetry & Fiction & Prime Number Magazine Awards. B．Kentucky Visions Short Story Contest & Orison Prizes in Poetry & Fiction C．Prime Number Magazine Awards & America Media Foley Poetry Contest. D．New Millennium Writing Awards & Kentucky Visions Short Story Contest. 押题猜想06 说明文/议论文（科普/社会现象深度解析） 试题前瞻·能力先查 【命题说明】 主题语境：人与自然 —— 动物习性、生物科学研究，是说明文阅读高频自然科学主题。 考点覆盖：推理判断题、细节理解题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题。 易错设置：主旨概括片面、细节定位不准、词义猜测忽略上下文逻辑。 Woodpeckers (啄木鸟) operate at an extreme level, boring through solid wood with forces more than 30 times their own weight and drilling up to 13 times a second. How do they never miss a beat while head banging so hard? It turns out that the birds tense up their entire body to smash through wood, letting out short, explosive grunts with each strike, report Brown University biologist Nicholas Antonson and his colleagues in the Journal of Experimental Biology. “Woodpeckers really are nature’s hammer in a sense,” Antonson says. To study how the birds tap, the researchers first humanely captured eight wild Downy Woodpeckers and carefully inserted electrodes into their muscles in the laboratory. The electrodes fed into a tiny, fitted backpack that recorded electrical signals from contracting muscles as the birds pecked. They also checked whether the woodpeckers held their breath during exertion (用力) (like weight lifters tend to do) or exhaled (呼气) (like tennis players) while striking the wood by examining airflow through the birds’ air sacs — small, balloon-like structures that help them breathe in and out. By matching these measurements with high-speed videos, the scientists tracked the woodpeckers’ taps down to every four milliseconds. Instead of using a single muscle to control the action, woodpeckers activated “every muscle from the head to the tail,” Antonson says. The birds used their powerful hip flexors to push forward, clenched their tail and abs (腹肌) to prepare for the strike, and stiffened the back of their head and neck on contact — similar to the way you might stiffen the back of your wrist when you hammer a nail. They then engaged a different set of hip and neck muscles to draw back. The birds also perfectly paired their pecks with sharp exhalations “as another means of stabilizing their core muscles and powering through those strikes,” Antonson explains. “To be able to breathe out 13 times per second and inhale on the order of 40 milliseconds is really impressive.” Songbirds, which aren’t closely related to woodpeckers, are the only other birds known to so precisely time their breaths, which they do as they sing. “Pecking is a full-body exercise,” says University of Alabama biologist Nicole Ackermans, who studies brain damage in woodpeckers and head-butting sheep. Coordinating “micro breaths” with muscle clenching and creating “this hammerlike structure in their whole body is such a unique approach,” she adds. 1．What does the question in the first paragraph mean? A．How do woodpeckers avoid injury while pecking? B．Why do woodpeckers peck faster than other birds? C．What makes woodpeckers stronger than other animals? D．How much weight can woodpeckers carry while pecking? 2．Why did the researchers insert electrodes into the woodpeckers’ muscles? A．To test their reaction to electrical signals. B．To record muscle activity during pecking. C．To measure their heart rate while pecking. D．To examine the structure of their muscles. 3．What does the underlined word “clenched” in paragraph 4 most likely mean? A．Tightened. B．Relaxed. C．Stretched. D．Lifted. 4．Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage? A．Woodpeckers: Smart Tool Users B．Woodpeckers: Nature’s Hammers C．Woodpeckers: Amazing Strength D．Woodpeckers: Powerful Muscle Controller 【押题依据】 1. 选取啄木鸟生物习性研究，属于自然科学范畴，贴合上海高考说明文阅读科普化、学术化选材特点； 2. 覆盖细节、推理、猜词、主旨四大必考题型，考点全面； 3. 语篇包含实验研究过程，符合高考科普文命题逻辑。 【押题解读】 本题以科学研究为载体，考查考生梳理实验过程、定位研究结论、概括主旨大意的能力，侧重考查科学思维与信息整合能力，难度梯度合理，与上海高考真题说明文难度、考点完全匹配。 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 词数：418 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会 — 艺术健康・原创艺术疗愈价值 考点：例证作用、观点支撑、细节理解、主旨标题 押题指数：★★★★☆ In an era characterized by burnout and doomscrolling, original artworks offer remarkable therapeutic (治疗的) benefits. A study at London’s Courtauld Gallery shows that volunteers viewing Van Gogh’s, Édouard Manet’s and Paul Gauguin’s originals had significantly lower stress and inflammation levels than those seeing reproductions. The experiment by King’s College London further confirmed this: participants exposed to 19th-century post-impressionist masterpieces in galleries experienced reduced stress, lower heart disease risk and a boosted immune system, compared with those viewing copies in a lab. Cambridge psychologists found that appreciating artistic beauty at Kettle’s Yard Gallery, a Cambridge art museum, frees people from daily mental trappings. Besides, a study by the UK Department for Culture, Media and Sport quantified art’s positive effects on physical and mental health, and showed that it brought an annual £ 1,000 per person economic gain from higher productivity and fewer general practitioner visits. Nature noted the role of original art in preventing chronic diseases. And for the first time in its 202-year history, The Lancet featured art’s life-enhancing effects in a photo essay, turning art from a leisure choice into a valuable tool for public health. Art historian Katy Hessel emphasizes that taking time to immerse oneself in art deeply is vital to its therapeutic effect. Galleries’ quiet atmosphere stops mindless scrolling and fosters contemplation, bringing “psychological distancing” and a broader perspective — great art liberates people to appreciate things beyond themselves. In an age when creativity is increasingly outsourced to AI, original art connects people with human genius, letting them feel the emotions behind artists’ brushstrokes and understand human suffering, which no digital image or AI work can fully copy. Art’s health value raises a question: will doctors soon recommend gallery visits? Amid falling visitors and funding shortages, these studies call for more investment in culture. While the UK government’s £ 270 million funding for cultural infrastructure is welcome, greater efforts are needed to ensure universal access to this “cultural workout”. Science has proven art is vital not only to a nation’s economy but to its public health. 1．Why are the two studies mentioned in paragraph 1? A．To recommend famous art galleries to visitors. B．To highlight the artistic appeal of masterpieces. C．To prove the healing effects of original artworks. D．To expose the negative consequences of reproductions. 2．How does the author support the health benefits of original art in paragraph 2? A．By stating opinions. B．By quoting studies. C．By explaining concepts. D．By analyzing reasons. 3．What does Katy Hessel stress in paragraph 3? A．The importance of gallery atmosphere. B．The beauty of post-impressionist works. C．The immersive experience of authentic art. D．The unique role of generative AI in creation. 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Original Art: A Key to Public Health. B．Art Copies: A Choice for Daily Leisure. C．Artificial Art: A Source of Economic Value. D．Art Appreciation: A Door into Inner Delight. Passage 2 词数：442 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然 — 气候科学・干旱分布规律 考点：原因查找、推理判断、概念理解、写作目的 押题指数：★★★★ Scientists have discovered that ocean temperatures play a key role in limiting how widely droughts spread across the globe. Their findings, based on climate records from 1901 to 2020, show that synchronized droughts typically affect only a small part of Earth’s land at the same time. This is far lower than earlier suggestions that a much larger area could experience drought simultaneously. The research team examined how droughts begin in different parts of the world and whether they occur at roughly the same time. By charting thousands of drought connections, researchers identified several regions that often act as major centers of drought activity. These so-called “drought hubs” include Australia, South America, southern Africa, and parts of North America. In many major agricultural regions, when moderate drought occurs, the probability of crop failure rises sharply. Although such risks could become severe if drought affected many farming regions at the same time, the researchers found that natural climate processes help prevent that scenario. Changes in sea surface temperatures, particularly in the Pacific Ocean, limit how widely drought conditions spread across continents. One of the strongest influences on these shifting patterns is the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, a natural warming and cooling cycle in the Pacific Ocean that affects rainfall around the world. During El Niño phases, Australia often becomes a major drought hub, while other regions respond in different ways. When La Niña conditions develop, drought patterns shift again. Researchers also investigated how rainfall and temperature together influence the intensity of drought. Their analysis suggests that precipitation changes account for about two-thirds of long-term shifts in drought severity over recent decades. The remaining third is linked to increasing evaporative demand caused by rising temperatures. Rainfall remains the dominant driver globally, but the influence of temperature is clearly growing in several mid-latitude regions. The findings show how large-scale analysis of climate patterns can help protect global food supplies. By studying drought as part of an interconnected planetary system rather than as isolated weather events, scientists can identify potential early warning regions. Because droughts do not hit all regions at the same time, smart planning can use this natural diversity to buffer global food supplies. Understanding these climate systems can guide better policy decisions in a warming world, helping to stabilize the global market before crop failures in one region trigger price spikes in another. 1．What prevents droughts from affecting most of the Earth’s land simultaneously? A．The increase in global temperatures. B．The changes in ocean temperature patterns. C．The reduction of agricultural activities. D．The lack of rainfall in specific regions. 2．What can be inferred about “drought hubs” from the text? A．They are regions where crops never fail. B．They are areas less affected by climate change. C．They often experience droughts at the same time as others. D．They are central points where drought activities frequently occur. 3．How does the El Niño-Southern Oscillation affect global droughts? A．It causes droughts to stop completely in all regions. B．It makes drought patterns shift and vary across different areas. C．It ensures that all continents suffer from drought equally. D．It increases the temperature without affecting rainfall. 4．What is the main purpose of studying droughts as an interconnected system? A．To predict exactly when rain will fall in every region. B．To eliminate the need for international food trade. C．To identify early warnings and protect global food security. D．To prove that temperature is the only cause of droughts. Passage 3 词数：395 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会 — 科技农业・光伏材料应用 考点：功能判断、细节推理、注意事项、主旨概括 押题指数：★★★★☆ Scientists from Swansea University have developed a new tool to help identify the best photovoltaic (PV)materials capable of maximizing crop growth while generating solar power. In a recent study published in Solar RRL, academics from the University's Department of Physics have been exploring the effect of semi-transparent PV materials placed over crops — a successful application of agrovoltaics (农业光伏). As part of this work, the team has developed a practical freeware tool that predicts the light transmission,absorption, and power generation of different PV materials nearly anywhere on the globe using geographical,physical, and electrical measurements. This is essential for finding the best balance between growing food and producing clean energy. A key factor for refining agrovoltaics is selecting the appropriate PV material, which requires an understanding of how the material absorbs different wavelengths (colors) of light, as well as its bandgap. A wider bandgap means the material can absorb light that is higher- energy and has a shorter wavelength (blue), while a narrower bandgap allows the absorption of lower-energy, longer wavelength (red) light. By carefully selecting PV materials with specific bandgaps and absorption properties, researchers can accurately control the “color” of light transmitted through semi- transparent PVs to hit the crops, which mainly absorb red and blue light to photosynthesize (光合作用), reflecting green light. Project lead, Associate Professor Ardalan Armin, said,“By refining the combination of solar panels and agriculture, agrovoltaics has the potential to significantly contribute to the decarbonization of the agricultural sector.This approach not only generates clean energy but also enhances food security.” Solar panels or PVs can be attached to the roofs of greenhouses and can also be used to provide shelter for livestock . In return, the livestock can reduce maintenance costs by eating vegetation around the panels. However, careful consideration of the type of livestock is crucial as some species, like goats, can jump onto the PVs and cause serious damage. 1．What is the main function of the newly developed tool? A．To increase agricultural production. B．To lower farming energy expenses. C．To study global climate measurements. D．To forecast PV material performance. 2．What can researchers do to improve crop growth with light? A．Reflect green light to crops. B．Create light colors that suit crops. C．Use PV materials with the right bandgaps. D．Change crop light absorption abilities. 3．What should be considered in using PVs in livestock farming? A．Minimizing maintenance expenses. B．Ensuring animal well- being. C．Setting up physical barriers for the PVs. D．Avoiding animal damage to the panels. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The study of advanced PV materials. B．Cost reduction through solar energy use. C．A tool for boosting crops and solar power. D．New applications of solar panels on farms. Passage 4 词数：386 体裁：议论文 主题：人与自我 — 语言文化・字典不可替代性 考点：特征概括、词义猜测、例证目的、主旨标题 押题指数：★★★★★ Have you ever obeyed the suggestions of a digital writing assistant to replace a word or restructure a sentence? Before the appearance of digital tools, you’d probably have turned to a dictionary for the same assistance. Dictionaries enable us to write not with fail-safe convenience but with originality and a point of view. While AI assistants produce phrases and statements so writers don’t have to think them up, dictionaries provide us with the knowledge to use language ourselves in expressive and potentially infinite (无穷的) ways. They place choice and authority literally in human hands, forcing us to discover how we want to explain ourselves and our ideas to the world. The abundance of digital writing assistants gives greater urgency to debates about what a dictionary should be. In 1946, George Orwell described good writing as “picking out words for the sake of their meaning,” a practice that dictionaries facilitate while digital writing programs stifle. Writers consulting a dictionary make a choice, while writers guided by an app have their choices made for them. The digital-native approach delivers hands-off, derivative (衍生的) communication. The other requires leafing through pages without knowing exactly where you’ll end up. Without dictionaries to provide us with a guide to English’s potential, writing that way is nearly impossible. Our ability to express ourselves is critical — it helps us define who we are. Dictionaries aid us in achieving this: They categorize our unique ways of thinking through language. I’m a Canadian; my feeling of pride in my native land is enhanced by small verbal Canadianisms like “eaves trough” or “serviette”, which are well-documented in dictionaries but rarely used by AI chatbots, for the most part. As digital writing extends deeper into our lives and minds, we need dictionaries more than ever. Abandoning dictionaries and embracing mechanized writing would weaken our capacity for collective identity quite as much as the ability to express ourselves. 1．What might be a distinct feature of dictionaries$ 2026年高考英语终极押题猜想（上海专用） 考情为骨·密押为翼 目 录 模块一：语法词汇完形·提分锦囊 押题猜想01 语法填空（核心考点+易错规避） 2 押题猜想02 选词填空（词汇辨析+逻辑连贯） 16 押题猜想03 完形填空（逻辑线索+语境推理） 31 模块二：阅读理解·体裁突破 押题猜想04 记叙文/新闻报道阅读（情感线索/成长励志） 55 押题猜想05 应用文类阅读（海报/操作说明/旅游指南） 70 押题猜想06说明文/议论文阅读（科普/社会现象深度解析） 84 押题猜想07六选四阅读（跨学科/认知心理研究） 100 模块三：读写翻译·逆袭攻略 押题猜想08 概要写作（结构透视/实验研究） 113 押题猜想09 句子翻译（语法为骨/词汇为肉/四字格） 125 模块四：英语作文·高分揭秘 押题猜想10 热点话题押题 132 模块一：语法词汇完形·提分锦囊 押题猜想01 语法填空题（核心考点+易错规避） 试题前瞻·能力先查 【命题说明】 原创试题 题源：The New York Times《纽约时报》 2025年4月 "Urban Green Corridors: Connecting Nature in Concrete Jungles" 主题语境：人与自然——城市生态、绿色发展，贴合高考高频环保主题。 考点覆盖：时态（1个）、被动语态（1个）、定语从句（1个，where）、介词（1个）、状语从句（1个）、非谓语（现在分词1个、过去分词1个、不定式1个）、情态动词（1个）、其它考点（形容词比较级）。 易错设置：非谓语动词辨析、定语从句连接词误用、情态动词用法、状语从句逻辑连词搭配。 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Urban green corridors have emerged as a vital solution to balance urban development and ecological protection in modern cities. These linear green spaces, ________1________ (cover) residential areas, commercial districts and industrial zones, connect parks, wetlands and other natural areas, creating a network ________2________ people can get close to nature easily. We ________3________ protect these green spaces because they are crucial to urban ecological balance. ________4_______ isolated city parks, green corridors serve as ecological "highways" that link different natural habitats. A recent study conducted by a leading environmental research institute shows that cities with well-designed green corridors have more native species than those without. _______5________ the corridors are properly maintained, they can effectively reduce the risk of species isolation. In recent years, many cities around the world ________6________ (invest) heavily in green corridor construction. For example, Singapore has built over 300 kilometers of green corridors, which connect its famous botanical gardens with suburban forests. These corridors ________7________ (design) to improve people’s quality of life as well as protect the environment. To ensure the long-term success of green corridors, urban planners work closely with ecologists. They focus on planting native plants ________8________ (adapt) to the local climate, as these plants require less care. Additionally, they organize volunteer activities ________9________ (guide) residents to protect the plants and animals in these green spaces. Green corridors make cities ________10________ (livable) by providing fresh air and a peaceful escape from urban chaos. With careful planning, they will become a bridge between humans and nature, ensuring a healthier future for both. 【答案】 1. covering 2. where 3. must 4. Unlike 5. If 6. have invested 7. are designed 8. adapted 9. to guide 10. more livable 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了城市绿色走廊的定义、作用、全球建设情况以及长期维护措施，阐述了绿色走廊在平衡城市发展与生态保护、提升居民生活质量方面的重要意义。 【解析】 1· 考查非谓语动词（现在分词）。句意：这些线性绿色空间覆盖居民区、商业区和工业区，连接着公园、湿地和其他自然区域，形成了一个人们可以轻松亲近自然的网络。cover 与逻辑主语 These linear green spaces 之间为主动关系，作后置定语，用现在分词形式。故填 covering。 2· 考查定语从句关系词。句意：这些线性绿色空间覆盖居民区、商业区和工业区，连接着公园、湿地和其他自然区域，形成了一个人们可以轻松亲近自然的网络。先行词为 network，表示抽象地点，从句中缺少地点状语，用关系副词 where 引导定语从句。故填 where。 3· 考查情态动词。句意：我们必须保护这些绿地，因为它们对城市生态平衡至关重要。根据后文 “crucial to urban ecological balance” 可知此处强调必要性，用情态动词 must。故填 must。 4· 考查介词。句意：与孤立的城市公园不同，绿色走廊是连接不同自然栖息地的生态 “高速公路”。此处表示对比，意为 “不像，不同于”，用介词 Unlike，句首首字母大写。故填 Unlike。 5· 考查连词。句意：如果这些走廊得到妥善维护，它们可以有效降低物种隔离的风险。此处引导条件状语从句，表示 “如果”，用连词 If，句首首字母大写。故填 If。 6· 考查动词时态。句意：近年来，世界上许多城市都在绿色走廊建设上投入巨资。根据时间状语 “In recent years” 可知用现在完成时，主语 many cities 为复数，助动词用 have。故填 have invested。 7· 考查被动语态。句意：这些走廊的设计旨在改善人们的生活质量，同时保护环境。主语 These corridors 与 design 之间为被动关系，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态。故填 are designed。 8· 考查非谓语动词（过去分词）。句意：他们专注于种植适应当地气候的本土植物，因为这些植物需要更少的照料。adapt 与逻辑主语 native plants 之间为被动关系，表示 “被适应”，作后置定语，用过去分词形式。故填 adapted。 9· 考查非谓语动词（不定式）。句意：此外，他们组织志愿者活动来引导居民保护这些绿地中的动植物。此处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填 to guide。 10· 考查形容词比较级。句意：绿色走廊通过提供新鲜空气和远离城市喧嚣的宁静休憩之所，让城市更宜居。根据语境可知暗含与过去对比，应用形容词比较级，livable 的比较级为 more livable。故填 more livable。 【押题依据】 1.主题贴合高考趋势：上海高考英语语法填空常围绕“人与自然”“生态保护”等热点主题命题，近年多次出现环保类说明文。本文“城市绿色走廊”紧扣生态发展热点，符合命题选材导向； 2. 考点精准匹配高考：10个考点均为上海高考语法填空核心考点，无超纲考点，其中定语从句（where）、非谓语动词（三种形式）、情态动词、状语从句均为高频必考考点，介词侧重固定搭配，时态、被动语态侧重语境运用，与高考命题规律高度一致； 3. 语篇难度适配：文本篇幅、句式复杂度（少量长难句，以简单句、并列句为主）、设空间距，均贴合上海高考真题，适配高三学生刷题节奏，能有效训练核心考点运用能力。 【押题解读】 本文以“城市绿色走廊的作用与建设”为核心，围绕生态保护展开，符合高考“立德树人”的命题导向，传递绿色发展理念。从考点来看，重点考查学生在语境中运用语法知识的能力：非谓语动词侧重主动/被动关系、作定语/状语的辨析，是学生易错点；定语从句（where）侧重“先行词表地点、从句缺状语”的用法，贴合高考定语从句高频考查形式；情态动词（must）、状语从句（If）侧重语境逻辑判断，符合高考“语法服务于语篇”的命题原则。从刷题价值来看，本文能帮助学生熟悉环保类语篇的句式特点，强化核心考点的灵活运用，同时积累环保类相关词汇，适配高考语篇选材趋势，具有较强的押题针对性。 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 词数：385 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然 — 医学研究・阿尔茨海默病早期检测 考点：非谓语、时态、定语从句、情态动词、主语从句 押题指数：★★★★★ A simple blood test can reliably detect signs of brain damage in people on the path to 1 (develop) Alzheimer’s disease even before they show signs of confusion and memory loss, a study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Germany 2 (show). The researchers studied more than 400 people participating in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer’s Network (DIAN) study, 247 who carry an early-onset genetic variant and 162 of their unaffected relatives 3 (include). Each participant had previously visited a DIAN clinic to give blood, undergo brain scans and complete cognitive tests. Roughly half had been evaluated more than once, typically about two to three years apart. They found that in those with the faulty gene variant, protein levels were higher at baseline and rose over time. In contrast, protein levels were low and largely steady in people with the healthy form of the gene, and this difference was detectable 16 years 4 cognitive symptoms were expected to arise. Moreover, when the researchers took a look at participants’brain scans, they found that the protein levels rose quickly in step with the speed at which the precuneus, a part of the brain involved in memory, 5 (thin). To find out whether blood protein levels 6 be used to predict cognitive decline, the researchers collected data on 39 people with disease-causing variants when they returned to the clinic an average of two years after their last visit, and found that people 7 blood protein levels had previously risen rapidly were most likely to show signs of brain atrophy and diminished cognitive abilities when they revisited the clinic. All kinds of neurological damage can cause the neurofilament light protein 8 (spill) out of neurons and into blood. Protein levels are high in people with Lewy body dementia and Huntington’s disease. “It is important 9 we confirm our findings in late-onset Alzheimer’s disease and define the time period over which neurofilament changes have to be assessed for optimal clinical predictability,” said senior author Mathias Jucker, who leads the DIAN study in Germany. The researchers may one day apply the findings to quickly and inexpensively identify brain damage in people with not just Alzheimer’s disease but other neurodegenerative conditions 10 multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury or stroke. 【答案】 1．developing 2．shows 3．included 4．before 5．thinned 6．could 7．whose 8．to spill 9．that 10．like 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究表明，通过血液检测可以在人们尚未出现意识混乱和记忆丧失等症状、但正处于可能发展为阿尔茨海默病的阶段时，就可靠地检测出脑损伤的迹象。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：圣路易斯华盛顿大学医学院和德国神经退行性疾病中心的一项研究表明，一种简单的血液检测可以在人们出现意识混乱和记忆丧失的迹象之前，可靠地检测出那些正发展为阿尔茨海默病的人的脑损伤迹象。空前为介词to，其后需接动名词作宾语。故填developing。 2．考查动词时态。圣路易斯华盛顿大学医学院和德国神经退行性疾病中心的一项研究表明，一种简单的血液检测可以在人们出现意识混乱和记忆丧失的迹象之前，可靠地检测出那些正发展为阿尔茨海默病的人的脑损伤迹象。本句描述的是这项研究的结果，为客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语a study为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填shows。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员研究了参与显性遗传阿尔茨海默病网络（DIAN）研究的400多人，其中包括247名携带早发基因变异的人以及162名未受影响的亲属。本句已有谓语studied，空处应填非谓语动词；include与其逻辑主语247 who carry an early-onset genetic variant and 162 of their unaffected relatives之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填included。 4．考查连词。句意：相比之下，携带健康基因形式的人的蛋白质水平较低且基本稳定，而这种差异在认知症状预期出现之前的16年就可以检测到。分析句子结构可知，全句为and连接的并列句，and后到句末为第二并列分句。该分句中空格前后都是完整句子，表明空处需填入连词，用before引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”。故填before。 5．考查动词时态。句意：此外，当研究人员查看参与者的脑部扫描时，他们发现蛋白质水平的上升速度与记忆相关的大脑区域楔前叶变薄的速度同步上升。at which到句末为定语从句，空处为定语从句中的谓语动词，描述的是过去发生的变化，应用一般过去时。故填thinned。 6．考查情态动词。句意：为了确定血液中的蛋白质水平是否可以用来预测认知能力下降，研究人员收集了39名携带致病基因变异者的数据，这些人在上次访问后，平均两年的时间返回诊所，结果发现，那些先前血液蛋白质水平迅速上升的人在再次就诊时最有可能显示出脑萎缩和认知能力下降的迹象。空后为be的原形，表明空处需填入情态动词，表示“可以被用来”，且根据本段后文都使用一般过去时描述过去发生的事可知，空处情态动词应用could。故填could。 7．考查定语从句。句意：为了确定血液中的蛋白质水平是否可以用来预测认知能力下降，研究人员收集了39名携带致病基因变异者的数据，这些人在上次访问后，平均两年的时间返回诊所，结果发现，那些先前血液蛋白质水平迅速上升的人在再次就诊时最有可能显示出脑萎缩和认知能力下降的迹象。空处引导定语从句修饰people，且与从句中的blood protein levels构成所属关系，此时应用whose引导定语从句，whose blood protein levels为定语从句中的主语。故填whose。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：各种神经损伤都可能导致神经丝轻链蛋白从神经元中溢出并进入血液。此处为固定搭配cause sb./sth. to do sth.，表示“导致……做……”，空处需填不定式作宾语补足语。故填to spill。 9．考查主语从句。句意：该研究的资深作者、德国DIAN研究负责人Mathias Jucker表示：“我们必须在迟发性阿尔茨海默病中证实我们的发现，并确定评估神经丝变化以获得最佳临床可预测性的时间段，这一点很重要。”此处为固定句型It is important that...，意为“重要的是……”，it为形式主语，that引导的主语从句为真正的主语。故填that。 10．考查介词。句意：研究人员未来或许可以将这些发现用于快速、平价地识别不仅是患有阿尔茨海默病，还患有多发性硬化症、创伤性脑损伤或中风等其他神经退行性疾病患者的脑损伤迹象。空后内容为对空前名词短语other neurodegenerative conditions的举例，空处需填入介词like，意为“例如，像”。故填like。 Passage 2 词数：326 体裁：议论文 主题：人与自我 — 真实自我・心理成长 考点：代词、非谓语、定语从句、名词性从句、比较级 押题指数：★★★★☆ Are you being true to yourself? Are you being true to yourself? Is it a case of “what you see is what you get?” or is there a mismatch between how you appear to others and the way you feel inside? For most people, the answer is: “it depends”. We’ re ourselves with some people, but put on a facade with others. More often than not, when we wear a mask, it’s to protect 1 . But we put on a show of bravery and confidence 2 (hide) the fact that we’ re trembling inside. We laugh and smile to please others when inwardly 3 (be) bored, resentful or sad. You’d think the extent to 4 we present ourselves falsely would depend merely 5 our personality or our circumstances, but new research suggests we become “more true to ourselves” as we get older-or at least we think we do. Two US psychologist sent questionnaires to over250 volunteers and asked them to rate how true they are to themselves. “True self”, or 6 you really are, was defined as: “Being made up of the characteristics, roles, or attributes that define yourself,   7 those characteristics are different than how you sometimes act in your daily life.” Participants were asked to indicate 8 ________ overlap there was between their true self in the past, how they believe they are today, and how they perceived they will be in the future. A clear trend emerged — most people believed they were closer to their true self now than they 9 (be) in the past, and that the gap would close even more as they got older. What’s more, the participants believed their quest for happiness would increase as they became 10 (authentic). 【答案】 1．ourselves 2．to hide 3．being 4．which 5．on/upon 6．who 7．even if 8．how much 9．were 10．more authentic 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过探讨人们在不同场合下展现出的不同面貌，引出了关于“真实自我”的讨论，并借助一项新的研究结果，阐述了随着年龄增长，人们可能更趋向于展现真实的自我。 1．考查代词。句意：但更多时候，当我们戴上面具时，是为了保护自己。“protect”是及物动词，其后应接名词或代词作宾语；根据上文“when we wear a mask”可知，戴上面具是为了保护“我们自己”，故用反身代词ourselves作宾语。故填ourselves。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：但我们表现出勇敢和自信，以隐藏我们内心颤抖的事实。“(hide) the fact”是“we put on a show of bravery and confidence”的目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to hide。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们内心感到无聊、怨恨或悲伤时，我们却以笑和微笑来取悦他人。“when inwardly ____ (be) bored, resentful or sad”作时间状语，句中没有主语，不是完整的句子，be用非谓语形式，表明其逻辑主语“We”的状态，用现在分词being。故填being。 4．考查定语从句。句意：你可能会认为，我们虚假地展示自己的程度可能仅仅取决于我们的个性或环境，但新的研究表明，随着年龄的增长，我们会变得更“真实”——或者至少我们认为自己会这样。“to ____ we present ourselves falsely”是定语从句，修饰先行词“the extent”，关系词将其代入从句中作介词后宾语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 5．考查介词。句意：你可能会认为，我们虚假地展示自己的程度可能仅仅取决于我们的个性或环境，但新的研究表明，随着年龄的增长，我们会变得更“真实”——或者至少我们认为自己会这样。depend on/upon是固定短语，意为“取决于”。故填on/upon。 6．考查名词性从句。句意：“真实的自我”，或者你真正是谁，被定义为：“由定义你自己的特征、角色或属性组成，即使这些特征与你日常生活中有时的行为方式不同。”“or ____ you really are”与“True self”并列作主语，是主语从句，从句缺少表语，表示“谁”，应用连接代词who引导该从句。故填who。 7．考查让步状语从句。句意：“真实的自我”，或者你真正是谁，被定义为：“由定义你自己的特征、角色或属性组成，即使这些特征与你日常生活中有时的行为方式不同。”根据句意可知，“those characteristics are different than how you sometimes act in your daily life”和“Being made up of the characteristics, roles, or attributes that define yourself”之间是让步关系，应用even if引导让步状语从句。故填even if。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：参与者被要求指出他们过去的真实自我、他们认为自己现在的样子以及他们认为自己未来会成为的样子之间有多少重叠。“____ overlap there was between their true self in the past, how they believe they are today, and how they perceived they will be in the future”是宾语从句，空处缺少连接词，根据句意，表示“多少……重叠”，应用how much引导该从句。故填how much。 9．考查时态。句意：一个明显的趋势出现了——大多数人认为他们现在比过去更接近真实的自我，并且随着年龄的增长，这种差距会进一步缩小。根据“in the past”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语是复数代词“they”，从句谓语动词be用复数形式were。故填were。 10．考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，参与者认为，随着他们变得更加真实，他们对幸福的追求也会增加。提示词作表语，用形容词authentic，结合句意，表示“更真实”，用比较级more authentic。故填more authentic。 Passage 3 词数：357 体裁：夹叙夹议文 主题：人与社会 — 家庭传承・亲情与文化 考点：主语从句、时态语态、非谓语、定语从句、让步状语 押题指数：★★★★☆ A quilt with a History While visiting my husband’s relatives years ago, I admired his Auntie Doris’ collection of hand stitched (手工缝纫的) quilt. 1 stood out from the rest was a particularly pretty one. Auntie explained that every piece of the quilt 2 (cut) from her favourite clothes and represented an important moment in her life. “This is from a blouse I wore to the very first picture show I ever saw,”she said. Her stories went on. When it was time 3 (leave), she presented me with her valued quilt. I began retelling this story to my 12-year-old granddaughter, 4 some worries. Maybe children 5 (raise)in the 21st century wouldn’t be interested in an old lady’s talking about an old quilt, but I wanted to pass along this piece of family history. To my surprise, my granddaughter loved it, after I explained why old clothes were made quilts. This opened the door to 6 (describe) how mothers passed along the knowledge of cooking, gardening and sewing to their daughters to ensure that their daughters would be well-armed to face life’s demands. In turn, my granddaughter explained how modern mothers pass on knowledge of computers, college and financial planning to ensure their daughters’ success. Surprised by how much my granddaughter had to teach me, I thought about the days 7 multi-generations of families lived under one roof. Sharing knowledge and history 8 have been a daily occurrence at that time. Multi-generational homes may be rarer now, but we can use new ways to promote the love shared by grandparents and grandchildren have always shared. As long as we continue to teach and learn from each other, we can build closeness, 9 they are generations or thousands of miles apart. It can be anything-computer, cooking, gardening, maybe even a young lady’s story told in a quilt-that brings you far 10 (close)to those you love. 【答案】 1．What 2．had been cut 3．to leave 4．with 5．raised 6．describing 7．when 8．must 9．whether 10．closer 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者从亲戚手中得到一床承载回忆的旧被子，满怀担忧地讲给孙女听，却意外得到共鸣。祖孙二人交流不同时代的传承知识，感悟到无论相隔多远，相互学习都能拉近彼此距离。 1．考查主语从句。句意：其中最引人注目的是一块特别漂亮的被子。分析句子可知，设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代“在众多被子里脱颖而出的那床”，故句首用连接代词What引导。故填What。 2．考查动词时态和语态。句意：阿姨解释说，被子上的每一块布料都是从她最喜欢的衣物上裁剪下来的，代表着她人生中的一个重要时刻。主句为一般过去时（explained），“布料被裁剪”发生在更早，用过去完成时；piece与cut为被动关系，所以为过去完成时态的被动语态结构had been cut。故填had been cut。 3．考查动词不定式。句意：当我们要离开时，她把这件珍贵的被子送给了我。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型It is time to do sth.“到做某事的时间了”，所以为动词不定式形式。故填to leave。 4．考查介词。句意：我开始向我 12 岁的孙女讲述这个故事，心里有些担忧。根据句意可知，此处为介词with表示“带着，伴随着”构成介词短语作伴随状语，with some worries“带着一些担忧”，符合语境。故填with。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：也许生活在 21 世纪的孩子们不会对一位老太太谈论一块旧被子感兴趣，但我还是想把这段家族历史传承下去。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰children，children与raise（抚养）为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填raised。 6．考查动名词。句意：这为我描述母亲如何将烹饪、园艺和缝纫方面的知识传授给女儿，以确保她们能够充分准备应对生活的挑战打开了大门。分析句子可知，此处为固定搭配：the door to doing sth.“做某事的大门”，此处to为介词，后接动名词。故填describing。 7．考查定语从句。句意：看到孙女能教给我的这么多知识，我感到十分惊讶，我回想起过去那些多代同堂的家庭共同生活在一个屋檐下的日子。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为the days（时间），从句完整，先行词在从句中作状语成分，用关系副词 when引导。故填when。 8．考查情态动词。句意：那时，分享知识和历史想必是每天都会发生的事情。根据语境可知，此处为情态动词must表肯定推测，must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，“在那时，分享知识与往事一定是日常”。故填must。 9．考查让步状语从句。句意：只要我们继续相互学习和教导，无论他们身处何地，无论相隔多远，我们都能建立起亲密的关系。分析句子可知，此处为whether…or…表示“无论……还是……”引导让步状语从句，此处指“无论隔了几代还是千里”。符合语境。故填whether。 10．考查形容词比较级。句意：它可以是任何事物——电脑、烹饪、园艺，甚至可能是年轻女士在被子上讲述的故事——只要它能让你与所爱之人的关系更加亲密。根据句意可知，此处暗含比较级，far修饰形容词比较级，表示程度加深，“让你与所爱之人更亲近”。故填closer。 Passage 4 词数：349 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然 — 动物行为・生物科普 考点：时态语态、定语从句、非谓语、状语从句、主谓一致 押题指数：★★★★☆ Spider found nursing its offspring with milk The words “spider” and “milk” are not two that you’d generally expect to see in the same sentence. But that’s exactly what researchers at an Asian academy of sciences have found: a spider mother feeding her babies with her own milk. This fascinating behavior 1 (observe) in a species of spider called Toxeus magnus. The researchers first made the discovery after noticing a baby spider hanging onto its mother in the lab in a way, 2 reminded them of a baby mammal (哺乳动物). Usually, only mammals produce milk for their babies, but some bird species can produce something known as “crop milk” 3 (feed) their young. However, the level of parental care 4 (see) in these spiders is quite rare. Female spiders of this species can lay up to 36 eggs 5 one time. When the baby spiders first hatched, they ate ‘milk’ that their mother had deposited in droplets around their nest. But soon, they began lining up to drink the milk directly from their mother. They continued doing this 6 they were about 40 days old, well after they were old enough to find food on their own. To test what they were observing, the researchers painted the mother spider to stop the milk 7 (reach) her babies. After this, all the baby spiders younger than 20 days old died. When the mother was removed from the nest, the older spiders grew more slowly and were 8 (likely) to survive to adulthood. This suggests that the milk was giving them a significant advantage. Isn’t it amazing to think about 9 diverse and unexpected nature can be? Spiders, usually thought of as independent and sometimes even scary creatures, showing such intense parental care and producing milk for their young 10 (be) truly a remarkable discovery. This shows that there’s always something new and surprising to learn about the world around us, even from creatures as tiny as spiders! 【答案】 1．was observed 2．which 3．to feed 4．seen 5．at 6．until 7．reaching 8．less likely 9．how 10．is 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现一种蜘蛛会像哺乳动物一样用“奶”哺育后代，这种育儿方式极为罕见。实验证明蜘蛛奶对幼蛛生存至关重要，展现了大自然的神奇与未知。 1．考查时态语态。句意：这种奇特的行为是在一种名为“托克斯马格斯”的蜘蛛物种中被观察到的。主语behavior与observe构成被动关系，且发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was observed。 2．考查定语从句。句意：研究人员最初发现这一现象是在注意到一只幼蛛在实验室中以一种类似于哺乳动物幼崽的方式紧紧依附在母蛛身上的时候，这一发现让他们联想到了哺乳动物幼崽的行为。非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故填which。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：通常，只有哺乳动物会为幼崽产奶，但一些鸟类能分泌被称为 “嗉囊乳” 的物质来喂养幼鸟。此处feed为不定式作目的状语，应填不定式。故填to feed。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，这类蜘蛛所展现出的父母关爱程度实属罕见。此处see与care构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填seen。 5．考查介词。句意：这种雌性蜘蛛一次可以产下多达36枚卵。短语at one time表示“一次”。故填at。 6．考查状语从句。句意：它们一直这样持续下去，直到大约40天大时才停止，而此时它们已经长大到能够独立觅食的程度了。引导时间状语从句，表示“直到”用until。故填until。 7．考查固定短语。句意：为了验证他们的观察结果，研究人员给母蜘蛛身上涂上了涂料，以阻止母蛛分泌的乳汁流入幼蛛体内。短语stop (from) doing sth.表示“阻止做某事”，本空用动名词，作宾语。故填reaching。 8．考查比较级。句意：当母蜘蛛被从巢中移出后，年长的蜘蛛生长速度会变慢，而且存活至成年期的可能性也会降低。根据grew more slowly可知可能性降低，likely的比较级在前面加less。故填less likely。 9．考查宾语从句。句意：想想看，大自然的多样性与奇妙之处难道不令人惊叹吗？引导宾语从句，表示“多么令人惊叹”用how。故填how。 10．考查时态。句意：蜘蛛通常被认为是独立且有时甚至令人畏惧的生物，但它们却展现出如此强烈的养育子女的关怀之情，并为幼崽分泌乳汁，这一发现着实令人惊叹。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语showing such intense parental care and producing milk for their young，谓语用单数。故填is。 Passage 5 词数：376 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然 — 海洋生物・珊瑚细胞研究 考点：比较级、非谓语、时态语态、连词、宾语从句 押题指数：★★★★ Coral Cultures Studying corals usually requires either observing them alive in the ocean or examining their dead tissue in a laboratory. But new research offers a way to keep all coral cell types alive in a lab cultures for two weeks or 1 (long), opening novel experimental possibilities. The cells of cnidarians (a group that includes corals and sea anemones) are notoriously difficult 2 (culture). These cells 3 (easily damage) during extraction, and corals also have complex microbiomes (微生物群) that are tricky to wipe out with antibiotics. But 4 left alive, the microbes often take over cell cultures. Many cnidarians are both endangered and critical for marine ecosystem health. “We need to do more than just document 5 death,” says University of Miami marine biologist Nikki Traylor-Knowles, who is senior author on a new study in Scientific Reports. In it, her team details how to reduce a coral to its constituent cells and then grow them all together — like 6 (cultivate) the animal on a plate. The researchers made slight changes to a standard growth medium (made of seawater, chemicals and antibiotics) to reach optimal formulas for two different cnidarian species. These formulas let all the 7 (test) species’ cell types grow at once, without microbes or extraneous (无关的) tissues. The new methodology will bring unparalleled visibility into how cell types interact, Traylor-Knowles says, and it will allow for higher-volume experiments without raising or killing whole animals. Scientists do not yet understand all cnidarian cell types, 8 their functions. These cultures could show how different cells respond to stressors, 9 types are most vulnerable to health failures, and possibly where cnidarians get their impressive regenerative abilities. The study is groundbreaking, says molecular biologist Juris Grasis of the University of California, Merced, who was not involved with the paper but also studies cnidarians. He says he was “jealous as hell” when he saw the result. Some cell populations survived for as long as 30 days, he notes, 10 implies the possibility of scaling up cell reproduction for future research. Next up, Grasis says: “How do we translate this back into the field and make corals healthy again?” 【答案】 1．longer 2．to culture 3．are easily damaged 4．if 5．their 6．cultivating 7．tested 8．nor 9．which 10．which 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一项突破性的科学研究，该研究成功地在实验室中培养出了所有类型的珊瑚细胞，为海洋生物学研究开辟了新的可能性。 1．考查形容词比较级。句意：但新的研究提供了一种方法，可以在实验室培养中让所有珊瑚细胞类型存活两周或更长时间，从而开启新的实验可能性。根据“keep all coral cell types alive”及“two weeks or”可知，此处表示“更长的时间”，应用形容词比较级longer。故填longer。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：众所周知，刺胞动物(包括珊瑚和海葵的一类生物)的细胞难以培养。be difficult to do sth.是固定结构，意为“做某事有困难”，此处用动词不定式的主动形式to culture表达被动含义。故填to culture。 3．考查动词时态语态。句意：这些细胞在提取过程中很容易受损，而且珊瑚还有复杂的微生物群，用抗生素很难清除。根据“are”及“have”可知，此处描述客观事实，cells与damage是动宾关系，主语cells是复数，应用一般现在时的被动语态are easily damaged。故填are easily damaged。 4．考查连词。句意：但如果让它们存活下来，微生物往往会接管细胞培养。根据“left alive”及“take over cell cultures”可知，此处表条件，应用连词if，引导状语从句，且从句省略主语和be动词，完整形式为“if they are left alive”。故填if。 5．考查代词。句意：迈阿密大学的海洋生物学家Nikki Traylor-Knowles说：“我们需要做的不仅仅是记录它们的死亡。”此处指代前文提到的Many cnidarians，修饰名词death，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这项研究中，她的团队详细介绍了如何将珊瑚分解成其组成细胞，然后将它们全部培养在一起，就像在培养皿中培养动物一样。根据空前介词like可知，应用动名词cultivating，作宾语。故填cultivating。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些配方让所有被测试物种的细胞类型同时生长，没有微生物或无关组织。species与test是动宾关系，此空应是过去分词tested作定语，表示“被测试的”。故填tested。 8．考查连词。句意：科学家们还不了解所有的刺胞动物细胞类型，也不了解它们的功能。空处表示“也不”，应用连词nor。故填nor。 9．考查宾语从句。句意：这些培养物可以显示不同的细胞如何对应激源做出反应，哪些类型最容易受到健康问题的影响，以及刺胞动物可能从哪里获得其令人惊叹的再生能力。此处引导宾语从句，且空处在从句中作定语修饰名词types，表示“哪些”，上文限定了范围“all cnidarian cell types”，应用which。故填which。 10．考查定语从句。句意：他指出，一些细胞群存活了长达30天，这意味着有可能为未来的研究扩大细胞繁殖。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 押题猜想02 “小猫钓鱼”题（词汇辨析+逻辑连贯） 试题前瞻·能力先查 【命题说明】 主题语境：人与自我 —— 心理健康、生活方式、情绪调节，属于选词填空常考的生活心理类主题。 考点覆盖：名词词义辨析、副词修饰形容词、过去分词作定语、动词词义辨析、动名词作主语、名词固定搭配、副词修饰动词、动词词义辨析、动词固定搭配、名词固定短语。 易错设置：形近词 / 近义词词义混淆、非谓语动词形式误判、固定搭配记忆不牢、词性匹配错误。 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．adopting B．delight C． differently D．employ E. help F. instructed G. predicted H. regulate I. routine J. shifting K. surprisingly All Weekends Can Be Holidays There is a reason most people return to work Monday feeling no better than they did Friday afternoon. Exhaustion and stress on the job are problems for two out of three workers, and weekends usually aren’t much 1 , studies show. New research suggests a 2 simple solution: Pretend your weekend is a vacation. People 3 to adopt a vacation mindset on the weekend returned to work feeling happier and more refreshed, without spending any additional money or time off, according to research on nearly 1,000 full-time workers at the University of California, Los Angeles. Although participants spent a little more time in eating and staying with loved ones, researchers found after controlling the results for specific behaviors that just one factor — their increased focus on the present moment, or mindfulness — 4 greater happiness. “Merely 5 how you’re thinking can have these wonderful effects on your emotional experience and your time,” says Cassie Mogilner Holmes, a researcher on the project. This doesn’t always require changing your normal weekend 6 . It may mean just thinking about and prioritizing activities 7 . Interviews with a dozen people who consciously cultivate mindfulness on the weekend offer insights into the time-management and planning skills they 8 . Mindfulness has been shown in research to improve self-control, helping people 9 their emotions. Those who enjoy vacations tend to take great 10 in positive emotions, expanding feelings of joy and happiness, according to a 2018 study of 42 vacationers. 【答案】 1．E 2．K 3．F 4．G 5．J 6．I 7．C 8．D 9．H 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现：采用假期心态过周末能让人们回到工作岗位时感到更快乐、更有活力，并解释了其中的关键在于专注当下（正念），同时给出了相应的建议。 1．考查名词。句意：研究表明，三分之二的员工都面临疲惫和工作压力问题，而周末通常也帮不了什么大忙。根据“There is a reason most people return to work Monday feeling no better than they did Friday afternoon. Exhaustion and stress on the job are problems for two out of three workers”可知，周末对缓解这些问题作用有限。E项“help”意为“帮助”，作名词，“aren’t much help”意为“没有太大帮助”，符合语境。故选E。 2．考查副词。句意：新的研究表明了一个简单得出奇的解决方案：假装你的周末是个假期。根据“simple solution”以及上下文可知，这个解决方案非常简单。K项“surprisingly”意为“惊人地，出奇地”，修饰“simple”，表示“简单得出奇”。故选K。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：加州大学洛杉矶分校对近1000名全职员工的研究表明，被指导在周末采用假期心态的人回到工作岗位时感到更快乐、更有活力，而且没有花费任何额外的金钱或时间。returned为谓语动词，根据“People”和“to adopt a vacation mindset”可知，研究对象是被研究者指导或要求这样做的。F项“instructed”意为“指导，指示”，过去分词作定语，修饰“People”。故选F。 4．考查动词。句意：虽然参与者花了更多的时间吃饭和与亲人在一起，研究人员发现，在控制具体行为后，只有一个因素——他们更多地关注当下，即正念——预示着更大的幸福感。根据“their increased focus on the present moment, or mindfulness”和“greater happiness”可知，正念与更大的幸福感之间存在关联，研究数据表明这种关联。G项“predicted”意为“预示”，符合语境，表示正念这一因素预示着更高的幸福感。故选G。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：“仅仅是改变你的思维方式就能对你的情感体验和时间利用产生如此美妙的影响，”项目研究员卡西·莫吉尔纳·霍姆斯说。根据“how you’re thinking”可知，此处表示改变思维方式。J项“shifting”意为“转变，改变”，动名词形式作主语，符合语境。故选J。 6．考查名词。句意：这并不总是需要改变你正常的周末常规。根据“changing your normal weekend”可知，此处指周末的常规安排或习惯。I项“routine”意为“常规，惯例”，符合语境。故选I。 7．考查副词。句意：这可能仅仅意味着以不同的方式思考并优先安排活动。根据“changing your normal weekend ”和“thinking about and prioritizing activities”可知，此处表示与平时不同的思维方式或做法。C项“differently”意为“不同地”，修饰整个动作，符合语境。故选C。 8．考查动词。句意：对十几位有意识培养周末正念的人的采访，揭示了他们在时间管理和规划技能方面所采用的策略。根据“the time-management and planning skills they”可知，此处指他们使用的技能或方法。D项“employ”意为“使用，采用”，作定语从句的谓语。符合语境。故选D。 9．考查动词。句意：研究表明，正念可以提高自我控制能力，帮助人们调节情绪。根据“improve self-control”和“helping people ____ their emotions”可知，正念有助于调节情绪。H项“regulate”意为“调节，控制”，符合语境。故选H。 10．考查名词。句意：根据2018年对42名度假者的一项研究，那些享受假期的人往往乐于沉浸在积极情绪中，扩展喜悦和幸福的感觉。根据“in positive emotions”可知，积极情绪带来快乐；take great delight in意为“以……为乐，乐于……”。故选B。 【押题依据】 1. 聚焦职场压力与周末心态调节，贴近高中生及当代人生活实际，符合上海高考选材贴近生活、关注心理成长的趋势； 2. 选词填空严格遵循上海高考10 选 10命题形式，选项覆盖名、动、副、非谓语等核心词性； 3. 侧重考查语境词义辨析与固定搭配，规避纯语法考查，贴合真题命题逻辑。 【押题解读】 本题侧重考查考生词汇在语境中的灵活运用，要求结合上下文语义、固定搭配、句子结构匹配选项，突出 “语境优先”。语篇传递积极生活态度，兼具语言考查与价值引导，与上海高考选词填空命题思路完全一致。 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 词数：376 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自然 — 动物行为・跨物种交流 考点：形容词辨析、非谓语、名词固定短语、副词用法 押题指数：★★★★☆ Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．anchoring    B．chorus    C． cooperative    D．documenting    E. enhance    F. essentially G. host    H. randomly    I. recognizable    J. shoots    K. vocabulary Distant Diplomacy When danger approaches, many creatures seem to follow the ancient proverb that “the enemy of my enemy is my friend.” Researchers have recently been finding subtle ways that animals communicate with other species in this kind of 1 defense treaty. For example, Nature Ecology & Evolution carries a recent study 2 more than 20 bird species on four continents that emit virtually identical “whining (哀鸣)” calls when they spot brood parasites (寄生繁殖) such as cuckoos. “That call is 3 the word for ‘cuckoo,’” says study co-lead author James Kennerley at Cornell University. “And it’s recruiting individuals to come together against this common enemy.” Brood parasites lay eggs in other birds’ nests, manipulating the 4 parents into raising their chicks for them. At a field site in Australia, Kennerley has witnessed individuals from a dozen or more species attack a cuckoo in response to whining calls in 5 . These mobs can be so aggressive that Kennerley needs to cage the specimen used in their experiments to protect it. Otherwise the attacking birds would have “just completely torn it to pieces,” Kennerley says. Many birds also share a common 6 for predators. Research by wildlife ecologist Erick Greene shows that various songbirds produce 7 “seet” calls to warn of a raptor (猛禽) in flight. The calls are too high-pitched for raptors to hear well, so the predators remain unaware as information about their arrival 8 through the forest. If the raptor settles, songbirds switch to “mobbing” calls, a distinct sound that, as Greene puts it, “draws in the troops to drive that raptor off.” Defense is not the only reason for cross-species communication. Among other things, it may help birds migrate and 9 food intake. A recent study found that when seabirds with good vision search for food with seabirds with strong senses of smell, they both have far greater success at catching krill. Unlike with the seet and whining calls, however, it’s unclear whether they’re deliberately signaling to one another or “just 10 following other birds,” says study lead author Jesse Granger, a biophysicist at Duke University. But clearly, “very complex multispecies communication networks are pervasive,” Greene says. “It really benefits animals to pay attention to one another.” 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．F 4．G 5．B 6．K 7．I 8．J 9．E 10．H 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了动物之间存在跨物种交流，在防御、迁徙和觅食等方面发挥着重要作用。 1．考查形容词。句意：研究人员最近发现了动物以这种合作的防御方式与其他物种交流的微妙方式。空后为名词短语defense treaty，应用形容词修饰。根据“many creatures seem to follow the ancient proverb that “the enemy of my enemy is my friend.””可知，许多生物似乎都遵循着一句古老的谚语：“敌人的敌人就是朋友。”，这表明动物之间存在一种合作的防御关系。C选项cooperative“合作的”符合语境，作定语，修饰defense treaty。故选C。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，《自然生态与进化》杂志最近发表了一项研究，记录了四大洲20多种鸟类在发现杜鹃等巢寄生鸟类时发出的几乎相同的“哀鸣”声。根据“more than 20 bird species on four continents that emit virtually identical “whining (哀鸣)” calls”可知，研究对此现象进行了记录，D选项documenting“记录”，符合语境，document与study为主动关系，用现在分词，作后置定语，修饰study。故选D。 3．考查副词。句意：康奈尔大学的研究共同负责人詹姆斯·肯纳利说：“这种叫声本质上就是‘杜鹃’的信号”。根据“the word for ‘cuckoo,’”可知，这里强调的是哀鸣声与“杜鹃”这个词之间的本质联系。F选项essentially“本质上”符合语境，修饰整个句子，作状语，说明哀鸣声本质上就是“杜鹃”的代名词。故选F。 4．考查形容词。句意：巢寄生鸟类在其他鸟类的巢中产卵，操纵寄主父母为它们抚养雏鸟。根据“parents into raising their chicks for them”可知，这里指的是被巢寄生鸟类利用的鸟，即寄主父母。G选项host“寄主的，主人的”，形容词，修饰parents，作定语，符合语境。故选G。 5．考查名词。句意：在澳大利亚的一个野外地点，肯纳利看到，十几种或更多种类的鸟会齐声对哀鸣声做出反应，攻击一只杜鹃。根据“individuals from a dozen or more species attack a cuckoo in response to whining calls in”可知，这里描述的是多种鸟同时发出声音攻击杜鹃的场景。B选项chorus“齐声，合唱”，符合题意，in chorus为固定短语，意为“齐声，一起”。故选B。 6．考查名词。句意：许多鸟类也有一个共同的关于捕食者的词汇。根据后文“various songbirds produce ______ “seet” calls to warn of a raptor (猛禽) in flight”提到各种鸣禽发出不同的声音来警告捕食者，可以推断这里说的是鸟类有关于捕食者的共同“词汇”或声音信号。K选项vocabulary“词汇”符合语境，在此处引申为鸟类用来交流关于捕食者信息的声音集合。故选K。 7．考查形容词。句意：野生动物生态学家埃里克·格林的研究表明，各种鸣禽会发出可识别的“嘶嘶”声来警告空中飞行的猛禽。根据““seet” calls to warn of a raptor (猛禽) in flight”可知，这里强调的是“嘶嘶”声能够被其他鸟类识别出来，从而起到警告作用。I选项recognizable“可识别的”符合语境，修饰“seet” calls，作定语。故选I。 8．考查动词。句意：这些叫声音调太高，猛禽很难听清，因此当关于它们来袭的信息在森林中迅速传开时，这些捕食者仍浑然不觉。根据“through the forest”可知，这里描述的是信息在森林中的传播过程。J选项shoots“迅速传播”符合语境，作as引导的时间状语从句的谓语，说明信息在森林中迅速传播而猛禽未察觉。故选J。 9．考查动词。句意：除此之外，它可能有助于鸟类迁徙和增强食物摄入量。根据“food intake. A recent study found that when seabirds with good vision search for food with seabirds with strong senses of smell, they both have far greater success at catching krill”可知，这里强调的是跨物种交流对鸟类食物摄入量的积极影响。E选项enhance“增强，提高”符合语境，说明交流有助于鸟类增强食物摄入量。故选E。 10．考查副词。句意：然而，与“嘶嘶”声和哀鸣声不同，目前尚不清楚它们是否在故意向对方发出信号，还是只是随机跟随其他鸟类。根据“following other birds”可知，这里描述的是鸟类行为的不确定性，即它们是否是有目的地交流还是随机跟随。H选项randomly“随机地”符合语境，修饰following other birds，作状语。故选H。 Passage 2 词数：389 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会 — 环保科技・碳标签应用 考点：动名词、动词词义、形容词用法、固定搭配 押题指数：★★★★ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．anchor    B．comparing    C． calorie    D．charge   E. operator   F. calculate G. insufficient    H. live     I. plug     J. specializing    K. tailor-made Carbon labelling isn’t new, but it is gaining a lot more traction of late - especially when it comes to travel. Carbon labels should be an easy way of 1 products or services to see which are most sustainable at a glance, by providing a comprehensive, numbered footprint. Increasing numbers of businesses across a variety of sectors are getting onboard with the idea. For example, in the last month alone, exercise tracking app Strava announced a new tool to 2 carbon savings from going for runs, walks, cycles and e-bike rides. But perhaps one of the industries in which the concept could be most complicated is travel. It is one of the most carbon-intensive recreational activities any of us will ever take, and one for which the majority of us have 3 ideas of the impact. If you break it all down,which is really worse: an all-inclusive cruise round the Bahamas? Or a trip to an eco-lodge in Costa Rica that involves a 24-hour round-trip on a plane? As an ordinary individual, it feels like an impossible task to figure out if one holiday is “better”than another. Many a pioneering 4 started doing the hard work of measuring the impact of trips, down to the smallest element, and posting the results on their packages several years ago. Much Better Adventures led the 5 , trailing the idea at the beginning of 2021- the first international travel company to do so. “Do I think it will be everywhere? I do,” Sam Bruce, the business’s co-founder, told me at the time. “It should go beyond travel and they should be on all products that we buy; carbon labels should be the new 6 . In Much Better Adventures’ case, the label includes carbon emissions from all local transport, accommodation, activities, guides, staff and office operations. Pura Aventura, 7 in holidays to Latin America, Spain and Portugal, wasn’t far behind, though with a different slant.” The complexity we have is that all our trips are 8 -so we can’t say we’ve got 50 trips and let’s measure the carbon of each one,“said co-founder and CEO Thomas Power.” Every trip is different. You need a 9 tool — so we built it into our database.“ The company doesn’t just measure the trip itself, but includes the travel to get there, door-to-door: ”We want to know where you live, where the airport is, which flight you’re taking,“says Thomas.”We can 10 into the database your postcode, Gatwick airport, your short-haul flight-and then the carbon factor calculates the journey and the amount of carbon produced. 【答案】 1．B 2．F 3．G 4．E 5．D 6．C 7．J 8．K 9．H 10．I 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了碳标签在旅游行业的应用情况。 1．考查动词。句意：碳标签应该是一种通过提供一个全面的、带有数字的碳足迹，让人们一眼就能比较产品或服务，从而看出哪些产品或服务最具可持续性的简单方法。空格前的of是介词，后面接动词时要用动名词形式。根据to see which are most sustainable，这里需要一个表示“比较”的词，comparing符合要求，comparing products or services表示“比较产品或服务”。故选B项。 2．考查动词。句意：例如，仅在上个月，运动追踪应用程序Strava就宣布推出一款新工具，用于计算跑步、散步、骑自行车和骑电动自行车所节省的碳排放量。to后面接动词原形，这里需要一个能和carbon savings搭配的动词，calculate意为“计算”，calculate carbon savings表示“计算碳减排量”，符合语境。故选F项。 3．考查形容词。句意：这是我们所有人参与过的碳密集度最高的休闲活动之一，而且我们大多数人对其影响的了解都不足。ideas是名词，前面需要用形容词修饰。根据后文提到很难判断一次度假是否比另一次“更好”，可知人们对旅行的碳影响了解不够，insufficient表示“不足的”，符合文意。故选G项。 4．考查名词。句意：多年前，许多开拓性的旅游运营商就开始努力测量旅行的影响，直至最小的细节，并将结果标注在他们的旅游套餐上。根据doing the hard work of measuring the impact of trips，这里说的是在旅游行业中做测量旅行影响工作的主体，operator有“经营者，运营商”的意思，travel operator表示“旅游运营商”，符合语境。故选E项。 5．考查名词。句意：Much Better Adventures起了带头作用，在2021年初试行这一理念——它是第一家这样做的国际旅游公司。lead the charge是固定表达，意为“打头阵，带头冲锋”，这里表示该公司在碳标签应用于旅游方面率先做出尝试。故选D项。 6．考查名词。句意：碳标签应该超越旅游领域，出现在我们购买的所有产品上；碳标签应该成为新的“卡路里”标识。calorie意为“卡路里”，现在很多食品等会标注卡路里含量，这里把碳标签和卡路里标识作类比，说明碳标签应该像卡路里标识一样普遍。故选C项。 7．考查动词。句意：Pura Aventura专门提供前往拉丁美洲、西班牙和葡萄牙的度假旅游服务，虽然角度不同，但也紧随其后。specialize in是固定短语，意为“专门从事，擅长”，这里specializing in作后置定语，修饰Pura Aventura，表示该公司的业务范围。故选J项。 8．考查形容词。句意：我们面临的复杂情况是，我们所有的旅行都是量身定制的——所以我们不能说我们有50次旅行，然后去测量每次旅行的碳排放量。根据空格前的are可知，空格处应该用形容词作表语，tailor-made表示“量身定制的”，根据后文Every trip is different可知，该公司的旅行套餐是根据不同客户需求定制的，符合语境。故选K项。 9．考查形容词。句意：你需要一个实时工具——所以我们把它集成到了我们的数据库中。tool是名词，前面用形容词修饰。live在这里表示“实时的”，结合语境，公司需要一个能实时处理数据的工具来计算不同旅行的碳排放量，live tool符合要求。故选H项。 10．考查动词。句意：我们可以将你的邮政编码、盖特威克机场、你的短途航班信息输入数据库——然后碳因子会计算行程和产生的碳排放量。plug...into是固定搭配，意为“把……插入……”，这里表示把相关信息输入数据库，plug符合语境。故选I项。 Passage 3 词数：362 体裁：议论文 主题：人与自我 — 心理特质・创造力的双面性 考点：副词辨析、名词搭配、动词词义、固定短语 押题指数：★★★★☆ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．swings B．birth C． deceive D．seeds E. engagement F. rarely G. elevate H. naturally I. necessarily J. note K. eclipse The Dark Side of Creativity Few psychological traits are as desirable as creativity — the ability to come up with ideas that are both novel and useful. Yet it is also true that creativity has been associated with a wide range of unattractive, 1 discussed qualities. Being aware of these tendencies is important for anyone trying to better understand their own creativity, or that of other people. First, research has established a link between creativity and negative moods. You do not have to be depressed to be creative. However, it is true that there is some concrete evidence for the stereotype that artists tend to be depressive or suffer from mood 2 . As German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche once noted: “One must have chaos in oneself to be able to give 3 to a dancing star.” In general, people who are very emotionally stable may be too happy to feel the need to create. After all, if the status quo is fine, why change it? More recently, creativity has been associated with dishonesty, probably because it enables individuals to creatively distort reality. This is not to say that creative people are 4 unethical. Rather, their lower tolerance for boredom and tradition, and their more vivid imaginations, equip them with more sophisticated mental tools to 5 both themselves and others. Research has also found that creative individuals are often more narcissistic (自恋的), and that narcissism can actually boost creative achievements. This makes sense. Narcissistic people are focused on themselves, and 6 spend more time developing their own ideas and less time worrying about pleasing other people. However, it is important to 7 that narcissists tend to think that they are more creative than they actually are. Of course, the bright side of creativity tends to 8 its dark side. At the individual level, creativity has been linked to a wide range of positive emotions, such as flow 9 , and subjective well-being. When people are assigned to meaningful jobs and are given autonomy over their work, they will develop their creativity and enjoy all of its benefits. At the team level, coordinated group behavior can turn creativity into actual innovation, the practical side of creativity. And at the societal level, creativity provides the 10 of change and progress. Without creativity, we would still be living in the dark ages. 【答案】 1．F 2．A 3．B 4．I 5．C 6．H 7．J 8．K 9．E 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕创造力展开讨论，阐述了创造力的积极面，同时重点分析了其鲜少被讨论的消极面及相关研究发现。 1．考查副词。句意：然而，创造力也确实与一系列不吸引人、鲜少被讨论的特质有关。空处修饰动词discussed，应用副词，结合语境，创造力的消极特质是人们不常提及的，副词rarely“很少；鲜少”符合题意。故选F。 2．考查名词。句意：然而，有具体证据支持这种刻板印象——艺术家往往抑郁或遭受情绪波动的困扰，这是事实。空处作suffer from的宾语，应用名词，结合前文“negative moods”和“depressive”，可知此处指情绪的起伏变化，名词swings“波动；摇摆”符合题意。故选A。 3．考查名词。句意：正如德国哲学家弗里德里希·尼采曾经指出的：“一个人内心必须有混沌，才能孕育出舞动的星辰。” 空处作give的宾语，结合空后“to a dancing star”可知，这里为固定搭配give birth to“孕育；产生”，名词birth“诞生；孕育”符合题意。故选B。 4．考查副词。句意：这并不是说有创造力的人一定不道德。空处修饰形容词unethical，应用副词，结合后文“Rather”的转折可知，有创造力的人并不是一定不道德的人，副词necessarily“必然地；一定”符合题意。故选I。 5．考查动词。句意：相反，他们对无聊和传统的较低容忍度，以及更丰富的想象力，为他们提供了更复杂的心理工具来欺骗自己和他人。空处前有不定式符号to，应用动词原形，结合前文“creatively distort reality”，可知此处指欺骗自己和他人，动词deceive“欺骗；蒙骗”符合题意。故选C。 6．考查副词。句意：自恋的人专注于自己，自然会花更多时间发展自己的想法，而花更少时间担心取悦他人。空处修饰动词spend，应用副词，结合“Narcissistic people are focused on themselves”可知，自恋者的特质决定了他们自然会更关注自身，副词naturally“自然地”符合题意。故选H。 7．考查动词。句意：然而，重要的是要注意，自恋者往往认为自己比实际更有创造力。空处前有不定式符号to，应用动词原形，结合“narcissists tend to think that they are more creative than they actually are”可知，这是人们需要注意的一点，动词note“注意；留意”符合题意。故选J。 8．考查动词。句意：当然，创造力的光明面往往会盖过它的黑暗面。空处前有不定式符号to，应用动词原形。结合后文“At the individual level, creativity has been linked to a wide range of positive emotions, such as flow ____ , and subjective well-being. When people are assigned to meaningful jobs and are given autonomy over their work, they will develop their creativity and enjoy all of its benefits. At the team level, coordinated group behavior can turn creativity into actual innovation, the practical side of creativity.”对创造力积极面的阐述，可知其光明面超过黑暗面，动词eclipse“盖过；使黯然失色”符合题意。故选K。 9．考查名词。句意：在个人层面，创造力与一系列积极情绪有关，比如心流投入和主观幸福感。空处与subjective well-being并列，应用名词，结合“flow”可知，心流状态是一种全身心投入的积极体验，名词engagement“投入；参与”符合题意。故选E。 10．考查名词。句意：在社会层面，创造力播下了变革和进步的种子。空处作provides的宾语，应用名词，结合常识可知，创造力是变革和进步的基础，名词seeds“种子”符合题意。故选D。 Passage 4 词数：370 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自我 — 自我管理・意志力培养 考点：副词用法、动名词、动词辨析、形容词修饰 押题指数：★★★★ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．cultivating  B．delayers  C． temptation  D．effectively  E. motivational  F. energized G. scheduling  H. favorable  I. identify  J. vision  K. monitored It is tempting, when your shiny New Year’s resolutions start to collapse, to tell yourself that self-control simply isn’t your strong point. “Oh well,” you might say, surrendering to the desire for a large glass of beer. “No willpower, that’s my problem.” But, according to a body of scientific research, willpower is not a talent that a lucky few are born with. It is a skill to be practised. “Willpower is a dynamic fluctuation resource.” explains Frank Ryan, consultant clinical psychologist and author of Willpower for dummies. “Our level of willpower fluctuates according to our motivation in any given situation. Everybody can learn to use their willpower more 1 .” Even if you are not trying to turn over a new leaf for the new year, 2 willpower is a good idea, as the psychologist Walter Mischel demonstrated in the 1960s and 70s. In his famous study, a group of four-year-olds were offered the choice of one sweet treat now, or two if they could wait 15 minutes. Their performance was then 3 into adulthood. The “high 4 ” went on to achieve greater academic success, better health and lower divorce rates. “To maximize our chances of sticking to resolutions,” Ryan says, “we should 5 our willpower profile. For example: some people are more impulsive than others. That does come down to personality.” Introverts tend to get 6 by thoughts and ideas. So, if that’s you, you should find it easier to get motivated by an inner 7 than extroverts who get fired up by people and social approval. For introverts, 8 time to reflect on your progress, such as keeping a diary can be helpful. For extroverts, signing up for a group such as Parkrun or Weight Watchers where everyone has common goal can help you to strengthen your resolve, as can sharing even small progress with others. “You need to learn the core skills to cope with triggers and cues that activate your reward-seeking response,” Ryan adds. “It’s about coping with 9 which often comes from the environment, the people, places or things that act as 10 magnets to challenge your willpower.” In other words, if you are trying to avoid cake, it is probably best to find a route home that serves the artisanal doughnuts. 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．K 4．B 5．I 6．F 7．J 8．G 9．C 10．H 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕意志力展开讨论，阐述了意志力并非天生的天赋，而是一种可培养的技能，同时结合科学研究和心理学家的建议，给出了最大化意志力、坚持新年决心的具体方法。 1．考查副词。句意：每个人都能学会更有效地运用自己的意志力。空处修饰动词use，需用副词，结合前文“It is a skill to be practised.”可知此处指“有效运用”，副词effectively“有效地”符合题意。故选D。 2．考查动名词。句意：即使你不想在新的一年里开启新篇章，培养意志力也是一个好主意，正如心理学家沃尔特·米歇尔在20世纪60年代和70年代所证明的那样。空处作主语，结合前文“It is a skill to be practised.”可知此处指“培养意志力”，动名词cultivating“培养”符合题意。故选A。 3．考查动词被动语态。句意：他们的表现随后被追踪监测至成年。空处作谓语，主语Their performance与动词构成被动关系，结合语境，此处指研究中孩子们的表现被持续监测，动词monitor“监测；追踪”符合题意，此处为被动语态，用过去分词形式。故选K。 4．考查名词。句意：那些“高延迟满足者”后来取得了更高的学术成就、更好的健康状况和更低的离婚率。结合前文实验“In his famous study, a group of four-year-olds were offered the choice of one sweet treat now, or two if they could wait 15 minutes.”可知此处指“能延迟满足的人”，名词delayers“延迟者；延迟满足者”符合题意。故选B。 5．考查动词。句意：瑞安说，为了最大限度地提高我们坚持决心的机会，我们应该认清自己的意志力特征。空处前有情态动词should，需用动词原形，结合后文“For example: some people are more impulsive than others.”可知此处指“认清、识别自己的意志力特征”，动词identify“识别；认清”符合题意。故选I。 6．考查动词。句意：内向的人往往会被想法和观点激励。空处作表语，需用形容词，结合后文“you should find it easier to get motivated by an inner”可知此处指“被激励、充满活力”，动词energize“激励”符合题意，get energized by“被……激励”。故选F。 7．考查名词。句意：所以，如果你是内向的人，你会发现，与那些被他人和社会认可激励的外向者相比，你更容易被内在愿景激励。空处前有形容词inner修饰，需用名词，结合语境，此处指“内在的愿景、目标”，名词vision“愿景；构想”符合题意。故选J。 8．考查动名词。句意：对于内向的人来说，安排时间反思自己的进步，比如写日记，会很有帮助。空处作主语，结合“time to reflect on your progress”可知此处指“安排时间”，动名词scheduling“安排；计划”符合题意。故选G。 9．考查名词。句意：这是关于应对诱惑——这种诱惑通常来自环境、人、地方或事物，它们就像有吸引力的磁体，挑战你的意志力。空处作coping with的宾语，结合后文“In other words, if you are trying to avoid cake, it is probably best to find a route home that serves the artisanal doughnuts.”可知此处指“诱惑”，名词temptation“诱惑”符合题意。故选C。 10．考查形容词。句意：这是关于应对诱惑——这种诱惑通常来自环境、人、地方或事物，它们就像有利的/有吸引力的磁体，挑战你的意志力。空处修饰名词magnets，需用形容词，结合语境，此处指“能吸引、挑战意志力的磁体”，形容词favorable“有利的；有吸引力的”符合题意。故选H。 Passage 5 词数：395 体裁：议论文 主题：人与社会 — 社会现象・“天才” 概念反思 考点：动词时态、副词用法、固定短语、形容词辨析 押题指数：★★★★ Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．unsettled  B．leap  C． admittedly   D．point   E. raw   F. confirmed G. grant   H. short   I. brake   J. naturally   K. weakened The MacArthur Foundation late last month announced its latest crop of “genius grants”, and once again you thought maybe, just maybe, this was your year. And why not? These days, we’re all geniuses. We might be “marketing geniuses” or “cooking geniuses” or “TV geniuses”. We have so 1 “genius” that it’s fast joining the company of “natural” and “mindful”, words left inactive through overuse and misuse. The word is 2 tough to nail down. Sometimes we assume genius equivalent to 3 intelligence. But many of humanity’s greatest breakthroughs were achieved by those with only modest IQs. Sometimes we think of the genius as someone extremely knowledgeable, but that definition also falls 4 . During Albert Einstein’s time, other scientists knew more physics than Einstein did, but history doesn’t remember them. That’s because they didn’t make use of that knowledge the way Einstein did. They weren’t able to, as he put it, “regard old questions from a new angle”. The genius is not a know-it-all but a see-it-all, someone who, working with the material available to all of us, is able to make surprising and useful connections. True genius involves not merely an extra advance, but a conceptual 5 . As philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer put it: Talent hits the target no one else can hit; genius hits the target no one else can see. We’ve lost sight of this truth, and too often 6 the title of genius on talented people hitting visible targets. A good example is the much-boasted announcement earlier this year that scientists had, for the first time, recorded the sound of two black holes bumping, a billion light-years away. It was a remarkable discovery, no doubt, but it did not represent a dramatic shift in how we understand the universe. It merely 7 Einstein’s general theory of relativity. As Plato observed, “What is honored in a country is cultivated there.” What do we honor? Digital technology, and the convenience it represents, so 8 we get a Steve Jobs or a Mark Zuckerberg as our “geniuses”, which, in point of fact, they aren’t. The iPhone and Facebook are wonderful inventions. In many ways, they make our lives a bit easier, a bit more convenient. If anything, though, a true genius makes our lives more difficult, more 9 . William Shakespeare’s words provide more anxiety than relief, and the world felt a bit more secure before Charles Darwin came along. Zuckerberg and Jobs may have changed our world, but they haven’t yet changed our worldview. We need to recover genius, and a good place to start is by pressing the 10 on Genius Flooding. 【答案】 1．K 2．C 3．E 4．H 5．B 6．G 7．F 8．J 9．A 10．I 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了“天才”这一概念在当下被滥用的现象。文章指出如今“天才”一词被过度且错误地使用，真正的天才应具备独特的视角和突破能力，而非仅因取得常规成果就被授予这一称号，呼吁重新审视对“天才”的定义。 1．考查动词。句意：我们已经如此削弱了“天才”（这个词的意义），以至于它很快就和“自然的”“留心的”这些因过度使用和滥用而失去活力的词为伍了。“weakened”是“weaken”的过去分词，意为“削弱；使……变弱”。分析句子，“have +过去分词”构成现在完成时，这里表达由于不当使用，“天才”一词原本的意义被削弱，“weakened”符合语境，体现对“天才”一词意义的改变。故填K。 2．考查副词。句意：诚然，这个词很难确切定义。“admittedly”意为“诚然；不可否认地”。分析句子，该词置于句首，修饰整个句子，用于引出对“天才”定义困难这一观点的阐述，表达一种让步、承认事实的态度，“admittedly”符合语境。故填C。 3．考查形容词。句意：有时我们认为天才等同于原始的智力。“raw”意思是“原始的；未经加工的”。分析句子，“intelligence”是名词，需用形容词修饰，“raw intelligence”表示未经后天过多雕琢、纯粹天然的智力，“raw”符合语境，用于描述我们对天才智力方面的一种假设。故填E。 4．考查形容词。句意：有时我们认为天才是知识极其渊博的人，但这个定义也有不足之处。“short”在这里表示“不足的；欠缺的”。分析句子，“fall short”为固定短语，意思是“不足；达不到（标准等）”，根据“bu”可知，此句表明这个关于天才的定义存在缺陷，“short”符合语境。故填H。 5．考查名词。句意：真正的天才不仅涉及额外的进步，而是概念上的飞跃。“leap”意为“跳跃；飞跃”。分析句子，“a conceptual +名词”结构，结合前文对天才超越常人之处的讨论，这里用“leap”来体现天才在概念层面的重大突破，“leap”符合语境。故填B。 6．考查动词。句意：我们忽视了这个事实，并且常常把天才的称号授予那些达到可见目标的有才华的人。“grant”意思是“授予；给予”。分析句子，句子缺少谓语动词，“grant sth. on sb.”表示“把某物授予某人”，根据后文“title of genius on talented people hitting visible targets.”可知，这里指将“天才”称号给予有才华但不一定符合真正天才定义的人，“grant”符合语境。故填G。 7．考查动词。句意：它仅仅证实了爱因斯坦的广义相对论。“confirmed”是“confirm”的过去式，意为“证实；确认”。分析句子，句子缺少谓语动词，根据“Einstein’s general theory of relativity.”可知，该发现对爱因斯坦的理论起到了证实作用，“confirmed”符合语境，描述该发现与爱因斯坦理论之间的关系。故填F。 8．考查副词。句意：我们崇尚什么？数字技术及其代表的便利，所以自然而然地我们把史蒂夫·乔布斯或马克·扎克伯格当作我们的“天才”，而事实上，他们并不是。“naturally”意为“自然地”。分析句子，此副词修饰整个句子，表明由于我们崇尚数字技术及其便利，顺理成章地将相关人物视为天才，“naturally”符合语境，体现一种因果关系中的自然承接。故填J。 9．考查形容词。句意：如果说有什么不同的话，一个真正的天才会让我们的生活更艰难，更不安定。“unsettled”意思是“不安定的；动荡的”。分析句子，“more +形容词”构成比较级，与“more difficult”并列，描述真正天才对生活产生的影响，结合后文举例，“unsettled”符合语境，体现天才给世界带来的不确定性。故填A。 10．考查名词。句意：我们需要重新找回“天才”的真正含义，一个好的开始方式是对“天才泛滥”踩刹车。“brake”意为“刹车”。分析句子，“press the +名词”，这里用“brake”形象地表达要对当下滥用“天才”称号这种“天才泛滥”的情况加以遏制，“brake”符合语境。故填I。 押题猜想03 完形填空题（逻辑线索+语境推理） 试题前瞻·能力先查 【命题说明】 主题语境：人与社会 —— 人际交往、情商修养、尊重他人，是高考完形填空必考的人文素养主题。 考点覆盖：名词词义辨析、副词逻辑关系、动词词义辨析、动词词义辨析、动词词义辨析、名词词义辨析、形容词词义辨析、形容词固定搭配、动词词义辨析、名词词义辨析、动词词义辨析、介词短语辨析、动词词义辨析、名词词义辨析、名词词义辨析。 易错设置：上下文逻辑关系词误用、近义词词义辨析不清、固定短语搭配混淆、语境情感把握偏差。 Throughout our life journey, we are bound to have many people around us. They all play an important role in our lives and help us to become strong human beings. So having respect for the feelings of others is essential for us to grow as strong individuals. As we are all unique in our own way, the people around us may have different feelings, beliefs and behaviors in line with their own needs and 1 . They cannot react the same way in any given situation as we do. 2 , by respecting the feelings of others, we help ourselves to realize our desired goal smoothly and live a truly contented life. By respecting the feelings of others, we encourage them to share their feelings and experiences in a more friendly way, which 3 relationships. Only having respect for them is not enough, and we have to show them that we care about them through empathy and understanding. We should never give advice without being asked, criticize or 4 others because we do not know those people well enough to 5 . In other words, disrespect is a sign of ignorance. The best way to respect the feelings of other people is by listening to them with empathy so that they can share their feelings comfortably, After all, we as human beings have more 6 underneath our skin colour, race and religion. Also, the truth is that everyone deserves respect. So we should treat people in a manner as we expect to be treated. Finally, feelings are what make anyone feel worthwhile or worthless. It requires only a few efforts to make anyone feel 7 . Therefore, we should learn how to respect the feelings of others and have a happy life. Throughout our life journey, conflicts with others are 8 to happen. When facing such situations, respecting others’ feelings can help reduce tensions. It allows us to 9 disagreements with an open mind and seek solutions that take everyone’s 10 into account. Respecting others’ feelings can also 11 a positive atmosphere in our social circles. People feel valued and accepted, which 12 makes them more willing to communicate and cooperate. This creates a cycle of mutual respect that 13 our connections with others. Moreover, respecting the feelings of others is not just about being kind; it’s a 14 of emotional intelligence. It shows that we can recognize and appreciate the inner world of others, which is a key 15 for building meaningful and lasting relationships. 1．A．distributions B．innovations C．assumptions D．motivations 2．A．Nevertheless B．Therefore C．Though D．Furthermore 3．A．injures B．integrates C．promotes D．destroys 4．A．lecture B．persuade C．praise D．warn 5．A．judge B．appreciate C．support D．guarantee 6．A．likenesses B．similarities C．distinctions D．characteristics 7．A．precious B．insignificant C．pleased D．valuable 8．A．likely B．prepared C．keen D．certain 9．A．ignore B．arise C．emerge D．approach 10．A．prospects B．statuses C．perspectives D．fortunes 11．A．envelopes B．fosters C．sustains D．ruins 12．A．by contrast B．in return C．by nature D．in turn 13．A．weakens B．shortens C．strengthens D．loosens 14．A．mark B．sign C．symbol D．signal 15．A．element B．composition C．mission D．outcome 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了尊重他人感受的重要性及益处。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于我们每个人都以自己的方式独一无二，我们周围的人可能根据他们自己的需求和动机有不同的感受、信仰和行为。A. distributions分配；B. innovations创新；C. assumptions假设；D. motivations动机。根据前文“in line with their own needs”可知，与“需求”并列的应是“动机”，指人们的行为受需求和动机驱动。故选D。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，通过尊重他人的感受，我们帮助自己顺利实现期望的目标，过上真正满足的生活。A. Nevertheless然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Though尽管；D. Furthermore此外。根据前文“They cannot react the same way in any given situation as we do.”以及后文“by respecting the feelings of others, we help ourselves to realize our desired goal smoothly and live a truly contented life.”可知，前文提到“他人与我们的反应可能不同”，后文说明“尊重他人感受能带来的好处”，前后为因果关系。故选B。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过尊重他人的感受，我们鼓励他们以更友好的方式分享他们的感受和经历，这促进了关系的发展。A. injures伤害；B. integrates整合；C. promotes促进；D. destroys破坏。根据前文“encourage them to share their feelings and experiences in a more friendly way”可知，鼓励他人分享感受和经历会促进关系的发展。故选C。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不应该在未经询问的情况下给出建议，批评或说教他人，因为我们还不够了解那些人，无法做出判断。A. lecture说教；B. persuade说服；C. praise赞扬；D. warn警告。根据前文“We should never give advice without being asked, criticize”可知，此处指不应该在未经询问的情况下给出建议，批评或说教他人。故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不应该在未经询问的情况下给出建议，批评或说教他人，因为我们还不够了解那些人，无法做出判断。A. judge判断；B. appreciate欣赏；C. support支持；D. guarantee保证。根据前文“we do not know those people well enough”可知，因为不够了解那些人，所以无法做出判断。故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，作为人类，我们在肤色、种族和宗教之下有更多的相似之处。A. likenesses相似物；B. similarities相似之处；C. distinctions区别；D. characteristics特征。根据后文“Also, the truth is that everyone deserves respect.”可知，此处强调人类本质上的共通性，所以是指人类在肤色、种族和宗教之下有更多的相似之处。故选B。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只需要一点努力就能让任何人感到自己有价值。A. precious珍贵的；B. insignificant不重要的；C. pleased高兴的；D. valuable有价值的。根据前文“feelings are what make anyone feel worthwhile or worthless”可知，此处指让任何人感到自己有价值。故选D。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我们的人生旅途中，与他人发生冲突是很有可能发生的。A. likely可能的；B. prepared准备好的；C. keen渴望的；D. certain确定的。根据后文“When facing such situations, respecting others’ feelings can help reduce tensions.”可知，冲突是可能发生的，而非必然。故选A。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它允许我们以开放的心态处理分歧，并寻求考虑到每个人观点的解决方案。A. ignore忽视；B. arise出现；C. emerge浮现；D. approach处理。根据后文“disagreements with an open mind”可知，此处指以开放的心态处理分歧。approach disagreements意为“处理分歧”。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它允许我们以开放的心态处理分歧，并寻求考虑到每个人观点的解决方案。A. prospects前景；B. statuses地位；C. perspectives观点；D. fortunes财富。根据前文“seek solutions”可知，解决方案需要考虑每个人的观点。故选C。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尊重他人的感受也可以在我们的社交圈中营造积极的氛围。A. envelopes包围；B. fosters培养，营造；C. sustains维持；D. ruins毁灭。根据后文“a positive atmosphere”可知，此处指营造积极的氛围。故选B。 12．考查介词短语辨析。句意：人们感到被重视和被接受，这反过来又使他们更愿意沟通和合作。A. by contrast相比之下；B. in return作为回报；C. by nature天生地；D. in turn反过来。根据后文“makes them more willing to communicate and cooperate”可知，人们感到被重视和被接受，这反过来又使他们更愿意沟通和合作。故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这创造了一个相互尊重的循环，加强了我们与他人的联系。A. weakens削弱；B. shortens缩短；C. strengthens加强；D. loosens放松。根据前文“This creates a cycle of mutual respect”可知，相互尊重的循环会加强我们与他人的联系。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，尊重他人的感受不仅仅是善良；这也是情商的一种体现。A. mark标志；B. sign迹象，体现；C. symbol象征；D. signal信号。根据前文“Moreover, respecting the feelings of others is not just about being kind”可知，尊重他人的感受是情商的一中体现。a sign of emotional intelligence意为 “情商的一种体现”。故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这表明我们能够认识和欣赏他人的内心世界，这是建立有意义和持久关系的关键要素。A. element要素；B. composition成分；C. mission任务；D. outcome结果。根据后文“for building meaningful and lasting relationships”可知，重他人感受建立有意义和持久关系的关键要素。故选A。 【押题依据】 1. 围绕尊重他人、情商培养展开，契合高考英语立德树人命题导向，是上海高考完形填空高频人文主题； 2. 语篇逻辑清晰，层次分明，设空均匀，考点侧重逻辑推理、词义辨析、语境理解，符合真题命题规律； 3. 选项设置干扰性适中，兼顾基础题与区分度题，适配上海高考难度。 【押题解读】 本题以议论文形式考查语境逻辑与词汇运用，要求考生梳理段落逻辑、把握作者观点，结合上下文语义选择最佳选项。不仅考查语言能力，更渗透人际交往素养，完美贴合上海高考完形填空 “语言 + 思维 + 价值” 三维考查目标。 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 词数：396 体裁：议论文 主题：人与社会 — 伦理争议・动物实验 考点：正反观点对比、固定搭配、副词辨析 押题指数：★★★★☆ Is Animal Testing Defensible?YES Important differences between humans and animals mean animal testing is ethical (合乎道德的) if done properly. In fact, the benefits of conducting animal testing are so great that it would be wrong not to do it. Animals aren’t like people. With the possible 1 of higher mammals (哺乳动物), animals aren’t self-aware, don’t 2 consciousness or experience feelings like people do. That’s why it’s 3 when lions eat zebras, mantises kill their mates or when scientists use mice to test medicines. 4 any unnecessary suffering should be avoided. That’s why laws like the Animal Welfare Act strictly govern the treatment of the 26 million animals used in testing every year in the U. S. Nearly every medical breakthrough in the last 100 years has involved animal testing. Nothing can 5 the research value of using a living test subject. Would it be ethical to keep back 6 life-saving medicine from billions of people because 7 it would require animal testing? Scientific facts save us from making poor decisions 8 on the beliefs that animals behave like humans. The benefits of strictly regulated animal testing, however, are undeniable. Future generations will be thankful for the advantages they’ll enjoy as a result of animal testing today.NO “Ethical animal experimentation” is a 9 in terms. And even if it weren’t, the unnecessary suffering caused by this 10 regulated industry would still be unacceptable. Humans are member of the animal kingdom. Non-human animals also feel emotions such as joy, sadness and fear, just like humans do. Behaving as if people are more important than other animals is speciesism and no 11 for cruelty or exploitation. In the U.S. alone, chemical, drug, food and cosmetics experiments kill over 100 million animals every year! The Animal Welfare Act, meant to protect animals, does not 12 rats, mice, fish and birds, which account for about 95 percent of research animals. This enables what could be considered the torture of millions of animals. The benefits of animal experimentation are often 13 . Very little hard evidence has been linked to its supposed benefits upon closer 14 . On rare occasions when it has, the knowledge gained could have been obtained without the use of animals. Scientists have other avenues to obtain necessary data, two of which are lab-grown tissue and computer modeling. When future generations look back on the unnecessary way people treated research animals and for so little benefit — they’ll be 15 . 1．A．evolution B．exception C．reaction D．stimulation 2．A．recover B．raise C．possess D．contain 3．A．acceptable B．approachable C．available D．agreeable 4．A．Contrarily B．Instead C．Accordingly D．Regardless 5．A．replace B．deserve C．analyse D．restrict 6．A．optimistically B．potentially C．apparently D．physically 7．A．developing B．submitting C．preserving D．reforming 8．A．acted B．concentrated C．reflected D．based 9．A．contradiction B．qualification C．discrimination D．confusion 10．A．strictly B．randomly C．poorly D．emotionally 11．A．demand B．excuse C．guarantee D．doubt 12．A．relate to B．prefer to C．attach to D．apply to 13．A．overstated B．underestimated C．undervalued D．overloaded 14．A．discussion B．cooperation C．competition D．inspection 15．A．grateful B．horrified C．generous D．flexible 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章围绕“动物实验是否合理”展开辩论：支持方认为规范实验有益，动物与人类不同且推动医学突破；反对方称其矛盾，动物有情感，行业监管差且益处被夸大。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了可能存在的某些高等哺乳动物外，其他动物都没有自我意识，也没有像人类那样的认知能力和情感体验。A. evolution进化论；B. exception例外；C. reaction反应；D. stimulation刺激。根据后文“of higher mammals, animals aren’t self-aware”可知，其他动物都没有自我意识，除了可能存在的某些高等哺乳动物之外。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了可能存在的某些高等哺乳动物外，其他动物都没有自我意识，也没有像人类那样的认知能力和情感体验。A. recover恢复；B. raise筹集；C. possess拥有；D. contain包含。根据后文“consciousness or experience feelings like people do”指动物不像人，拥有认知能力和情感体验。故选C。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么狮子吃斑马、螳螂杀死自己的配偶，或者科学家用老鼠来测试药物这些行为是可以被接受的。A. acceptable可接受的；B. approachable亲切友善的；C. available可获得的；D. agreeable愉悦的。前文“Animals aren’t like people.”提动物与人类不同，因此“狮子吃斑马、科学家用老鼠做实验”是“可接受的”，故选A。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，都应避免任何不必要的痛苦。A. Contrarily反之；B. Instead相反；C. Accordingly相应地；D. Regardless不管，无论如何。衔接前文“实验可接受”与后文“需规范对待动物”用regardless，表让步。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何东西都无法取代使用活体实验对象所带来的研究价值。A. replace取代；B. deserve值得；C. analyse分析；D. restrict限制。根据后文“the research value of using a living test subject”可知，没有什么能替代活体实验对象的研究价值，强调活体实验的不可替代性，支撑“应进行动物实验” 的论点用动词replace。故选A。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果研发这种药物需要进行动物实验，那么就因为这一原因而拒绝向数十亿人提供可能挽救生命的药物，这是否符合道德规范呢？A. optimistically乐观地；B. potentially潜在地；C. apparently显然；D. physically身体上。根据后文“life-saving medicine from billions of people”可知，因需动物实验就阻止可能救命的药物惠及数十亿人，体现药物的潜在价值。potentially副词修饰life-saving，符合语境。故选B。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果研发这种药物需要进行动物实验，那么就因为这一原因而拒绝向数十亿人提供可能挽救生命的药物，这是否符合道德规范呢？A. developing发展；B. submitting提交；C. preserving保留；D. reforming改造。根据上文“life-saving medicine from billions of people because”以及后文it指代medicine，可知是指研发药物，用develop。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学事实使我们避免了因基于“动物的行为与人类相似”这一观点而做出错误的判断。A. acted行动；B. concentrated集中；C. reflected反思；D. based基于。根据后文“on the beliefs that animals behave like humans”可知，科学事实使我们避免了因基于“动物的行为与人类相似”这一观点而做出错误的判断，based on表示“基于……”，故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“伦理动物实验”这种说法本身就是自相矛盾的。A. contradiction矛盾；B. qualification资格；C. discrimination歧视；D. confusion困惑。根据后文“Humans are member of the animal kingdom. Non-human animals also feel emotions such as joy, sadness and fear, just like humans do.(人类属于动物界的一员。非人类的动物也会有诸如喜悦、悲伤和恐惧等情感，就如同人类一样)”可知，此处是反对的理由，指出“伦理动物实验”这种说法本身就是自相矛盾的，“contradiction”（矛盾）直接否定“动物实验伦理”的观点。故选A。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：即便不是这样，这个监管不力的行业所造成的不必要的痛苦也是无法被接受的。A. strictly严格地；B. randomly随机地；C. poorly不充分地，拙劣地；D. emotionally感情上。根据后文“regulated industry would still be unacceptable”可知，体现动物实验行业监管缺失，支撑反对观点，副词poorly符合语境。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果人们的行为表现得好像人类比其他动物更重要，那就是种族主义的表现，这种行为绝不是对残忍行为或剥削行为的正当借口。A. demand要求；B. excuse借口；C. guarantee确保；D. doubt怀疑。根据上文“Behaving as if people are more important than other animals is speciesism and no”以及后文“for cruelty or exploitation”可知，认为人类比其他动物重要是物种歧视，不能成为残忍或剥削的借口。故选B。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：旨在保护动物的《动物福利法》并不适用于老鼠、小鼠、鱼类和鸟类，而这些动物约占实验动物总数的95%。A. relate to与……有关；B. prefer to偏爱；C. attach to附属于；D. apply to适用于。根据后文“rats, mice, fish and birds, which account for about 95 percent of research animals”指《动物福利法》并不适用于老鼠、小鼠、鱼类和鸟类，而它们占实验动物的95%。故选D。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：动物实验所带来的好处往往被夸大了。A. overstated夸张；B. underestimated低估，轻视；C. undervalued低估……的价值；D. overloaded超载。根据后文“Very little hard evidence has been linked to its supposed benefits”可知，其所谓的种种益处却几乎没有任何确凿的证据支持，即动物实验所带来的好处往往被夸大了。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过仔细审视，其所谓的种种益处却几乎没有任何确凿的证据支持。A. discussion讨论；B. cooperation合作；C. competition比赛；D. inspection检查，审视。根据后文“On rare occasions when it has, the knowledge gained could have been obtained without the use of animals.(在极少数情况下，即便使用了动物，所获得的知识也完全可以不通过动物来获取)”可知，仔细审视后，几乎没有确凿证据证明其所谓的益处，upon closer inspection表示“仔细审视后”。故选D。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当后代人们回顾起人们对待实验动物的那种毫无必要的做法，以及这种做法所带来的微不足道的益处时——他们一定会感到震惊的。A. grateful感激的；B. horrified害怕的，感到震惊的；C. generous慷慨的；D. flexible灵活的。根据上文“When future generations look back on the unnecessary way people treated research animals and for so little benefit”以及本部分主要反对动物实验，可知后代回顾人们不必要地对待实验动物的方式，会感到震惊，“horrified”（震惊的、恐惧的）体现对动物实验的否定态度。故选B。 Passage 2 词数：432 体裁：议论文 主题：人与社会 — 公共空间・乡村开放通道 考点：名词动词辨析、短语动词、语境逻辑 押题指数：★★★★ Permissive Paths I’ve always loved a ‘permissive path’ — a route across private land that the owner, manager or tenant has decided voluntarily to open to all. It’s always seemed like the nicest of 1 . A surprise, a welcome, a generous act, as well as an implied agreement between walker and landowner: here is a safe route to use, 2 . The direct 3 of “get off my land”, it is the action of a farmer or land manager interested in and part of their wider community. Many permissive paths work well and have done for a significant amount of time, enhancing or connecting our network of public footpaths and byways. And there is much to gain in 4 benefit, too. For walkers, perhaps a route that ‘ 5 ’ across the land is scenic, invites curiosity and enquiry into what’s living or growing in a place through the seasons. For land managers, they can introduce a lot of cheer and common 6 : great public relations, a gateway to building understanding and respect for the work and life of the countryside, plus more love for what else lives, or has lived, in a place, historically or ecologically. Many land managers and farmers are critically 7 of the knowledge gap between most people and farming, as well as the need for access to the countryside for all. Many want to share the 8 of the space they live or work in. But it takes a certain amount of kindness, courage and effort to 9 a welcome onto land you are responsible for. Kate Sharp, tenant farmer on the glorious, organic West Town Farm in Devon, 10 by semi-retired farmer Andy Bragg, says she loves “to help people enjoy the beautiful countryside with us and have a 11 to the farming we do here” through permissive paths. But she’s been saddened by the actions of some, with off-lead dogs misbehaving around livestock, poo (屎) not picked up or, weirdly, picked up, bagged, thrown or 12 somewhere. West Town Farm 13 ‘Pasture for Life’ principles, grazing (放牧) animals on 100% rich and diverse fields. There is no place on it for dog poo, or poo in bags hanging from berry-and wildlife-rich hedgerows. Kate emphasises the majority of dog walkers use it in a friendly, respectful way, but the problem has got so bad from a few, she’s considering a no-dog policy. 14 , the Bathurst Estate in Cirencester chose to monetise access after 300 years of use while Bridehead Estate in Dorset shut its access after 65 years and a new owner. When this can happen, and when a few people 15 things for others, bold moves, such as Peer responsibility and the Right to Roam public access movement, offer better gateways to long-term solutions and cultural and social change. They are potential game changers. 1．A．territories B．volunteers C．invitations D．administrations 2．A．responsibly B．straight C．naturally D．alone 3．A．gesture B．equivalent C．command D．opposite 4．A．mutual B．physical C．seasonal D．agricultural 5．A．cuts short B．makes sense C．costs dear D．gets the boot 6．A．wealth B．knowledge C．estate D．goodwill 7．A．fearful B．ignorant C．aware D．ashamed 8．A．map B．privilege C．custom D．rhythm 9．A．extend B．decline C．honour D．receive 10．A．welcomed B．permitted C．tackled D．owned 11．A．restriction B．sacrifice C．connection D．vocation 12．A．dumped B．recycled C．charged D．hung 13．A．plugs into B．operates on C．withdraws from D．backfires on 14．A．Likewise B．For example C．In consequence D．Particularly 15．A．abuse B．adjust C．spoil D．profile 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了“任意通行路径”的意义、好处以及面临的问题，并提出了相应的解决方向。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是最美好的邀请。A. territories领土；B. volunteers志愿者；C. invitations邀请；D. administrations管理。根据下文“A surprise, a welcome, a generous act, as well as an implied agreement between walker and landowner”可知，任意通行路径是一份惊喜、一份欢迎、一份慷慨之举，同时也是步行者与土地所有者之间心照不宣的约定，土地所有者自愿开放给所有人的，这像是一种邀请。故选C。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这似乎是最美好的邀请。一份惊喜、一份欢迎、一份慷慨之举，同时也是步行者与土地所有者之间心照不宣的约定：这里有一条安全的路，请负责任地通行。A. responsibly负责任地；B. straight直接地；C. naturally自然地；D. alone独自地。根据上文“here is a safe route to use”以及下文“a gateway to building understanding and respect for the work and life of the countryside”可知，任意通行路径是一条可以安全使用的路线，要负责任地使用，这样才能建立对乡村工作和生活的理解和尊重。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是“别踏入我的土地”的直接对立面，是农民或土地管理者对其更广泛社区感兴趣并成为其中一部分的行动。A. gesture手势；B. equivalent等价物；C. command命令；D. opposite对立面。根据上文“a route across private land that the owner, manager or tenant has decided voluntarily to open to all”以及“get off my land”可知，任意通行路径是土地所有者自愿开放给所有人的，与“别踏入我的土地”是直接的对立面。故选D。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在互惠互利方面也有很多收获。A. mutual相互的；B. physical身体的；C. seasonal季节的；D. agricultural农业的。根据下文“For walkers, perhaps a route that ‘______’ across the land is scenic, invites curiosity and enquiry into what’s living or growing in a place through the seasons. For land managers, they can introduce a lot of cheer and common ______: great public relations, a gateway to building understanding and respect for the work and life of the countryside, plus more love for what else lives, or has lived, in a place, historically or ecologically.”可知，后文分别从步行者和土地管理者两方面说明好处，因此是互利的。故选A。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于步行者来说，一条在这片土地上存在的有意义的路线风景优美，激发人们的好奇心，去探寻一个地方四季里的生物与植被。A. cuts short缩短；B. makes sense有意义；C. costs dear付出高昂代价；D. gets the boot被解雇。根据下文“across the land is scenic, invites curiosity and enquiry into what’s living or growing in a place through the seasons”可知，激发人们的好奇心，去探寻一个地方四季里的生物与植被，所以这路线是有意义的。故选B。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于土地管理者来说，他们可以带来很多欢乐和善意：良好的公共关系，建立对乡村工作和生活理解和尊重的途径，以及对一个地方历史上或生态上生活或曾经生活过的其他生物的更多热爱。A. wealth财富；B. knowledge知识；C. estate庄园；D. goodwill善意。根据下文“great public relations, a gateway to building understanding and respect for the work and life of the countryside”可知，任意通行路径可以带来很多欢乐和善意。故选D。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多土地管理者和农民都深刻地意识到，大多数人与农业之间存在知识差距，以及所有人都需要进入乡村。A. fearful害怕的；B. ignorant无知的；C. aware意识到的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文“the knowledge gap between most people and farming, as well as the need for access to the countryside for all”可知，大多数人与农业之间存在知识差距，以及所有人都需要进入乡村，许多土地管理者和农民都深刻地意识到这一点。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人想分享他们生活或工作空间的特权。A. map地图；B. privilege特权；C. custom习俗；D. rhythm节奏。根据下文“of the space they live or work in”可知，这些被分享的空间本来是属于他们的，他们拥有在这些空间生活或工作的特权。故选B。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在你负责的土地上致以欢迎需要一定的善意、勇气和努力。A. extend延伸，表示；B. decline下降；C. honour尊敬；D. receive收到。根据下文“a welcome onto land you are responsible for”可知，此处指开放这些空间，欢迎别人。extend a welcome 表示“致以欢迎，开放欢迎”。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kate Sharp是德文郡西镇农场的佃农，该农场由半退休农民Andy Bragg所有。她说她喜欢通过任意通行路径“帮助人们和我们一起享受美丽的乡村，并与我们在这里从事的农业建立联系”。A. welcomed欢迎；B. permitted允许；C. tackled处理；D. owned拥有。根据上文“organic West Town Farm in Devon”以及下文“by semi-retired farmer Andy Bragg”可知，这个农场由半退休的农民Andy Bragg拥有。故选D。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kate Sharp是德文郡西镇农场的佃农，该农场由半退休农民Andy Bragg所有。她说她喜欢通过任意通行路径“帮助人们和我们一起享受美丽的乡村，并与我们在这里从事的农业建立联系”。A. restriction限制；B. sacrifice牺牲；C. connection联系；D. vocation职业。根据上文“help people enjoy the beautiful countryside with us”以及下文“to the farming we do here”可知，Kate Sharp喜欢通过任意通行路径帮助人们和她们一起享受美丽的乡村，并与她们在这里从事的农业建立联系。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但一些人的行为让她十分心寒：松开牵引绳的狗在牲畜周围肆意乱跑，狗粪没人清理，更离谱的是，有些即便捡起来装进袋子，也随手扔掉或挂在某个地方。A. dumped倾倒；B. recycled回收；C. charged收费；D. hung悬挂。根据上文“poo (屎) not picked up or, weirdly, picked up, bagged, thrown”和下文“poo in bags hanging from berry-and wildlife-rich hedgerows”可知，此处指狗屎被挂在树上。故选D。 13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：西镇农场奉行“生命牧场”理念，在物种丰富的纯天然牧场上放牧牲畜。A. plugs into插入；B. operates on采用，运作；C. withdraws from退出；D. backfires on产生事与愿违的结果。根据下文“‘Pasture for Life’ principles, grazing (放牧) animals on 100% rich and diverse fields”可知，“生命牧场”是西镇农场采用的原则。故选B。 14．考查副词和短语辨析。句意：例如，赛伦塞斯特的巴瑟斯特庄园在开放300年后，开始对入园收费；而多塞特郡的布莱德黑德庄园在新主人接手后，关闭了持续65年的开放通道。A. Likewise同样地；B. For example例如；C. In consequence结果；D. Particularly特别地。根据上文“she’s considering a no-dog policy”以及下文“the Bathurst Estate in Cirencester chose to monetise access after 300 years of use while Bridehead Estate in Dorset shut its access after 65 years and a new owner”可知，此处是在举例说明一些农场因为一些问题而改变了任意通行路径的政策。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这类事情发生，当少数人破坏了大家共同的便利时，更强有力的举措 —— 如倡导共同责任、推行公共漫游权运动 —— 才能为长期解决方案与社会文化变革提供更好的路径。A. abuse滥用，破坏；B. adjust调整；C. spoil破坏，糟蹋；D. profile概述。根据上文“When this can happen, and when a few people”以及下文“things for others”可知，少数人的不文明行为毁掉了公共开放的机会。故选C。 Passage 3 词数：427 体裁：说明文 主题：人与自我 — 心理认知・注意力与多任务 考点：科学现象理解、副词形容词、逻辑关系 押题指数：★★★★☆ We are quite good at letting our minds wander while performing a routine motor skill. We can do the dinner dishes while thinking about our next vacation, or drink coffee while reading a newspaper. But psychologists ask this question: Do multitasking humans operate effectively and efficiently when they really need to 1 ？ The 2 suggests that the answer is no. One problem is interference (干扰). In the 1930s, the psychologist John Ridley Stroop showed there is a danger of 3 when the brain receives unexpected information while carrying out a routine task. To see what he found, try this exercise: Say the name of each shape in Column 1 out loud. Then, do the same for Column 2. Then, do the same for Column 3. Most likely you completed the first column 4 , went a bit slower in the second column and hesitated, or even made an error, in the third column. Because you are much quicker at reading words out loud than naming shapes, you had difficulty 5 the incorrect information that you read. Of course, this exercise is a bit unnatural, but it shows that multitaskers are very likely to make mistakes and hesitate if they get interference from the 6 set of stimuli while switching between tasks. Research also suggests that switching between tasks significantly 7 completion. If the two tasks are very routine and not too much 8 — say, singing along to a new tune while milking a crying baby — the brain does not need to switch between the tasks because the two require different input channels. The humming requires listening and singing, while the milking requires sight and the use of arm and hand muscles. But when a similar kind of attention is needed, the pace 9 as the brain must switch back and forth between the two tasks. A study in the Journal of Experimental Psychology found that switching between tasks like solving math problems and identifying shapes increases time 10 , especially with unfamiliar tasks. The brain takes longer to switch and assign resources due to the need to activate different sets of rules for each task. This delay makes multitasking less 11 than focusing on one task.   12 , the brain shows less neural (神经的) activity when handling two complex tasks at the same time, leading to longer completion times. For example, multitaskers took 1.5 times longer to write a report and check email compared to those who did each task 13 . All these 14 do not mean that you should never “whistle while you work”. But what about the digital showoff who sits through a university lecture while text-messaging on a tiny mobile phone screen? Remind them of this: The 15 machinery of our digital world was most likely developed by very single-minded people concentrating intently on a single task. 1．A．hurry B．interfere C．negotiate D．concentrate 2．A．experience B．estimation C．evidence D．emphasis 3．A．disappointment B．injury C．misunderstanding D．error 4．A．accidentally B．innovatively C．effortlessly D．repeatedly 5．A．remembering B．ignoring C．generating D．withdrawing 6．A．internal B．diverse C．wrong D．weak 7．A．delays B．ensures C．monitors D．arranges 8．A．simple B．alike C．necessary D．interesting 9．A．slows B．increases C．varies D．continues 10．A．saved B．lost C．tracked D．found 11．A．popular B．complex C．efficient D．challenging 12．A．Fortunately B．Additionally C．Ultimately D．Alternatively 13．A．separately B．regularly C．vigorously D．originally 14．A．requirements B．tasks C．concerns D．negatives 15．A．multitasking B．mechanical C．specialized D．packaging 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨人类在真正需要集中精力时，多任务处理是否能高效进行，并通过实验等证据阐述多任务处理存在干扰、延迟等问题。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但心理学家提出这样一个问题：当人类真正需要集中精力时，同时处理多项任务能做到既有效又高效吗？A. hurry匆忙；B. interfere干扰；C. negotiate协商；D. concentrate集中精力。根据前文“Do multitasking humans operate effectively and efficiently”可知，这里问多任务处理在需要 集中注意力”时是否有效。故选D。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：证据表明答案是否定的。A. experience经历；B. estimation估计；C. evidence证据；D. emphasis强调。根据后文“the answer is no”以及后文通过实验等说明多任务处理的问题，这些是证明答案是否定的证据，故选C。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：20世纪30年代，心理学家约翰·里德利·斯特鲁普（John Ridley Stroop）表明，当大脑在执行常规任务时接收到意外信息，就存在出错的风险。A. disappointment失望；B. injury受伤；C. misunderstanding误解；D. error错误。根据后文“or even made an error, in the third column.”可知，做的实验中人们在第三列容易出错，所以这里是存在出错风险，故选D。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：很可能你毫不费力地完成了第一列，在第二列速度慢了一些，而在第三列犹豫了，甚至出了错。A. accidentally偶然地；B. innovatively创新地；C. effortlessly毫不费力地；D. repeatedly反复地。根据后文“went a bit slower in the second column and hesitated, or even made an error, in the third column.”可知，在第二列变慢，第三列出错，可知第一列完成得轻松，故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为你大声读单词比说出形状名称要快得多，所以你很难忽略读到的错误信息。A. remembering记住；B. ignoring忽略；C. generating产生；D. withdrawing撤回。根据前文“Because you are much quicker at reading words out loud than naming shapes,”可知，在实验中因为读单词快，所以难以忽略单词信息，从而在说形状名称时受干扰，故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，这个练习有点不自然，但它表明，多任务处理者在任务之间切换时，如果受到错误刺激的干扰，很可能会犯错和犹豫。A. internal内部的；B. diverse多样的；C. wrong错误的；D. weak弱的。根据前文“multitaskers are very likely to make mistakes”可知，读单词对于说形状名称来说是错误的刺激，导致多任务处理者出错，故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究还表明，在任务之间切换会显著延迟完成时间。A. delays延迟；B. ensures确保；C. monitors监控；D. arranges安排。根据前文“switching between tasks significantly”以及后文“A study in the Journal of Experimental Psychology found that switching between tasks like solving math problems and identifying shapes increases time.”提到切换任务会增加时间可知。是延迟完成，故选A。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果这两项任务非常常规，且不太相似——比如说，一边给哭闹的婴儿喂奶，一边跟着新曲调哼唱——大脑不需要在任务之间切换，因为这两项任务需要不同的输入渠道。A. simple简单的；B. alike相似的；C. necessary必要的；D. interesting有趣的。根据后文“say, singing along to a new tune while milking a crying baby—the brain does not need to switch between the tasks because the two require different input channels.”可知，举例两项任务需要不同输入渠道，大脑无需切换，可知是说任务不太相似，故选B。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当需要类似的注意力时，速度会减慢，因为大脑必须在两项任务之间来回切换。A. slows减慢；B. increases增加；C. varies变化；D. continues继续。根据前文说切换任务会延迟完成以及后文“as the brain must switch back and forth between the two tasks.”可知，这里类似注意力需求下大脑要切换任务，所以速度减慢。故选A。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：《实验心理学杂志》（Journal of Experimental Psychology）上的一项研究发现，在解决数学问题和识别形状等任务之间切换会增加时间消耗，尤其是对于不熟悉的任务。A. saved节省；B. lost失去，消耗；C. tracked追踪；D. found发现。根据前文“Research also suggests that switching between tasks significantly_____ completion.”说切换任务延迟完成，可知是增加时间消耗，故选B。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种延迟使得多任务处理不如专注于一项任务高效。A. popular流行的；B. complex复杂的；C. efficient高效的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据前文“The brain takes longer to switch and assign resources due to the need to activate different sets of rules for each task.”说切换任务延迟完成，所以多任务处理不如专注一项任务高效，故选C。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，当大脑同时处理两项复杂任务时，神经活动会减少，导致完成时间更长。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Additionally此外；C. Ultimately最终；D. Alternatively或者。这里进一步说明多任务处理的问题，用additionally表示递进，故选B。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，与分别完成每项任务的人相比，同时处理多项任务的人写报告和查看电子邮件的时间要多出1.5倍。A. separately分别地；B. regularly定期地；C. vigorously精力充沛地；D. originally最初地。根据前文“For example, multitaskers took 1.5 times longer to write a report and check email compared to those”可知，这里是将多任务处理和分别完成任务的时间作对比，故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有这些负面影响并不意味着你永远不应该“边工作边吹口哨”（一心二用）。A. requirements要求；B. tasks任务；C. concerns担忧；D. negatives负面影响。根据前文“For example, multitaskers took 1.5 times longer to write a report and check email compared to those who did each task_____.”以及前文提到多任务处理的干扰、延迟等问题，这些都是负面影响，故选D。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：提醒他们这一点：我们数字世界的多任务处理机制很可能是由非常专注于单一任务的人精心开发出来的。A. multitasking多任务处理的；B. mechanical机械的；C. specialized专门的；D. packaging包装的。根据前文“Do multitasking”可知，文章围绕多任务处理展开，这里说数字世界的多任务处理机制，故选A。 Passage 4 词数：409 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会 — 信息时代・新闻阅读 考点：情感态度、动词短语、上下文呼应 押题指数：★★★★ Keeping Up With “Irrelevant” News Today’s world is something of a contradiction. Even though we are being given access to more information than ever before, we are 1 enough becoming less informed. As we scroll through thousands of postings each day on social media, we see lots of gossip about celebrities and read people’s opinions about various issues. However, because we can now “choose (whether being forced to or not)” the news we read, we may be missing the news we “need.” According to a new survey released by Gallup, about 58% of Americans get their news from online sources, 38% from television and radio, and only 3% from printed newspapers and magazines. In Shanghai, we can also see the evidence of this drop in print media readership with the 2 of the red kiosks (书报亭) that used to be ubiquitous (无处不在的) around the city. This is 3 , as I see it, since newspapers and magazines, which explain stories in more detail, are still one of the most reliable sources of news today. I got into the habit of reading news stories when I was in high school. Every morning I would 4 a copy of The Globe and Mail, a Canadian newspaper based in Toronto, and read through it during my lunch break. Both top stories on the front page and the small ones on the inside pages looked 5 to me. As an added 6 reading news stories everyday has made me feel better connected to the wider world. Last February, terrible earthquakes hit Turkey and Syria. News about this event spread like wildfire. Instead of seeing it as a tragic story in a faraway place that did not have an effect on other countries, the international community 7 stepped in to help. Within 48 hours rescue teams from around the world were sent to the stricken areas. They worked to save the lives of those who were trapped beneath the rubble of collapsed buildings and to help other survivors 8 the cold of winter by giving them medical aid and supplying them with the basic necessities of life. That being said, some may still argue that all news is, ultimately, 9 to them. It’s likely that few of us would be able to name a news story in the last month that helped us to make a more informed 10 in our personal lives. If there is something I’ve noticed about people, including myself, is that we are almost always poor at 11 between what is and is not “relevant.” For me, I never 12 that the habit of reading news stories would end up helping me with my schoolwork and that it would later help pave the path to my future career. By reading well-written newspaper articles, I was able to include some of the information in my essays and to 13 my own writing skills. 14 , the news allows us to understand the world and our place in it. But bear in mind that online news sources can be less reliable unless they are a(n) 15 source such as Xinhua or, of course, our very own SSP. 1．A．curiously B．fortunately C．interestingly D．strangely 2．A．disadvantage B．disappearance C．disapproval D．disconnection 3．A．meaningful B．necessary C．reasonable D．unfortunate 4．A．hand out B．pick up C．show off D．throw away 5．A．abstract B．boring C．fascinating D．weird 6．A．bonus B．chance C．priority D．task 7．A．hesitantly B．instantly C．pleasantly D．reluctantly 8．A．celebrate B．endure C．record D．realize 9．A．immoral B．insignificant C．irrelevant D．unbelievable 10．A．complaint B．decision C．effort D．mistake 11．A．balancing B．distinguishing C．regulating D．switching 12．A．announced B．expected C．learned D．suggested 13．A．abandon B．boast C．improve D．share 14．A．By contrast B．For instance C．In short D．On average 15．A．controversial B．established C．independent D．profitable 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了如今信息虽多，人们却反而消息闭塞，纸质媒体日渐衰落令人惋惜。作者坚持读报，认为新闻能拓宽视野、提升能力，还呼吁大家关注权威、可靠的新闻来源。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们如今能够获取到比以往任何时候都多的信息，但奇怪的是，我们的知识水平却在下降。A. curiously好奇地；B. fortunately幸运地；C. interestingly有趣地；D. strangely奇怪地。根据上文“Even though we are being given access to more information than ever before”以及后文“enough becoming less informed”可知，前后是矛盾、反差，指尽管我们如今能够获取到比以往任何时候都多的信息，但奇怪的是，我们的知识水平却在下降。故选D。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在上海，我们还能看到印刷媒体读者数量下降的迹象，那就是那些曾经遍布全城的红色售报亭如今已消失。A. disadvantage缺点；B. disappearance消失；C. disapproval不赞成；D. disconnection断开。根据后文“the red kiosks that used to be ubiquitous around the city.”以及常识可知，那些曾经遍布全城的红色售报亭如今已不复存在了、消失了。故选B。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，这实在是一件令人遗憾的事，因为报纸和杂志能够更详细地解读新闻内容，而它们仍是当今最可靠的新闻来源之一。A. meaningful有意义的；B. necessary必要的；C. reasonable合理的；D. unfortunate不幸的。根据后文“since newspapers and magazines, which explain stories in more detail, are still one of the most reliable sources of news today”可知，作者认为报纸和杂志能够更详细地解读新闻内容，而它们仍是当今最可靠的新闻来源之一，所以消失是一件不幸的事。故选D。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天早上我都会去拿一份《环球邮报》（这是一家总部位于多伦多的加拿大报纸），然后在午餐时间通读这份报纸。A. hand out分发；B. pick up取走，捡起；C. show off炫耀；D. throw away扔掉。根据后文“a copy of The Globe and Mail, a Canadian newspaper based in Toronto, and read through it during my lunch break”可知，作者有早上取报纸阅读的习惯。故选B。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：报纸头版的两篇大新闻以及内页上的几篇小新闻在我看来都极具吸引力。A. abstract抽象的；B. boring无聊的；C. fascinating迷人的；D. weird怪异的。根据上文“since newspapers and magazines, which explain stories in more detail, are still one of the most reliable sources of news today”可知，作者喜欢读报，态度是正面，即新闻具有吸引力。故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另外，每天阅读新闻报道这一做法让我感觉与更广阔的世界的联系更加紧密了。每天阅读新闻报道这一习惯让我感觉与更广阔的世界的联系更加紧密了。A. bonus奖金；B. chance机会；C. priority优先事项；D. task任务。根据前文“Every morning I would________ a copy of The Globe and Mail”和后文“reading news stories everyday has made me feel better connected to the wider world”可知，作者每天读报，读报让我和世界联系更紧密。可推断除了获取信息之外，多出来的一个好处，added bonus 是一个固定搭配，意思是：额外的好处、附加的益处。故选A。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：国际社会并未将其视为发生在遥远国度的悲惨事件，且该事件并未对其他国家产生任何影响，而是立刻采取行动伸出援手。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. instantly立即；C. pleasantly愉快地；D. reluctantly不情愿地。根据上文“Last February, terrible earthquakes hit Turkey and Syria. News about this event spread like wildfire.(去年二月，土耳其和叙利亚遭遇了严重的地震。关于这一事件的消息迅速传遍了各地)”可知，地震后救援强调迅速。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们努力拯救那些被困在倒塌建筑物废墟之下的人的生命，并通过提供医疗援助和提供基本生活必需品来帮助其他幸存者抵御冬季的严寒。A. celebrate庆祝；B. endure熬过，忍受；C. record记录；D. realize意识到。根据后文“the cold of winter by giving them medical aid and supplying them with the basic necessities of life”可知，需要提供帮助来帮助其他幸存者抵御冬季的严寒。endure the cold of winter“忍受冬天的寒冷、抵御寒冬、熬过寒冬”。故选B。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：话虽如此，但仍有部分人可能会认为，归根结底，所有的新闻对他们而言都毫不相干。A. immoral不道德的；B. insignificant无关紧要的；C. irrelevant不相关的；D. unbelievable难以置信的。根据文章标题“Keeping Up With “Irrelevant” News(紧跟“无关紧要”的新闻报道)”可知，部分人可能会认为，归根结底，所有的新闻对他们而言都毫不相干。后文“between what is and is not “relevant.””也是提示。故选C。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很可能我们当中没有多少人能说出上个月有哪一则新闻报道对我们个人生活中的决策有所帮助。A. complaint抱怨；B. decision决定；C. effort努力；D. mistake错误。根据上文“helped us to make a more informed”可知，很少有人能说出上个月哪条新闻帮自己做出更有依据的决定。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果说我对人（包括我自己）有什么观察心得的话，那就是我们几乎总是难以区分哪些是“相关的”，哪些是“不相关的”。A. balancing平衡；B. distinguishing区分；C. regulating调节；D. switching切换。根据后文“between what is and is not “relevant.””可知，需要区分哪些是“相关的”，哪些是“不相关的”。故选B。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，我从未想过阅读新闻报道的习惯最终会对我学业有所帮助，而且后来还会为我未来的职业发展铺平道路。A. announced宣布；B. expected预期；C. learned学习；D. suggested建议。根据后文“that the habit of reading news stories would end up helping me with my schoolwork and that it would later help pave the path to my future career”可知，作者从未预料到读报的习惯会对学业和未来职业有帮助。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过阅读文笔出色的报纸文章，我得以将其中的一些内容融入到我的文章中，并且还能够提高自己的写作技能。A. abandon放弃；B. boast吹嘘；C. improve改进；D. share分享。根据上文“I was able to include some of the information in my essays and to”可知，作者能把信息用在作文里，并提高自己的写作技巧。故选C。 14．考查介词短语辨析。句意：总之，这些新闻让我们能够了解这个世界以及我们在其中的位置。A. By contrast相比之下；B. For instance例如；C. In short总之；D. On average平均。根据后文“the news allows us to understand the world and our place in it”可知，此处为总结，指简言之，新闻让我们理解世界和自身位置。故选C。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但请记住，网络新闻来源的可信度可能较低，除非它们是像新华社这样的独立媒体，当然，还有我们自己的SSP也是如此。A. controversial有争议的；B. established既定的；C. independent独立的；D. profitable有利可图的。根据后文“source such as Xinhua or, of course, our very own SSP”可知，网络新闻不太可靠，除非是像新华社这样的独立媒体。故选C。 Passage 5 词数：415 体裁：说明文 主题：人与社会 — 艺术文化・现代艺术大师 考点：人物介绍、艺术词汇、对比逻辑 押题指数：★★★★ “Modern Art” describes art created from the 1860s to the 1970s, including works by famous artists like Vincent Van Gogh, Paul Cezanne, and Pablo Picasso. This period marked a 1 from traditional art, focusing instead on experimentation and new ideas about materials and techniques.Two 2 figures from this era are Robert Rauschenberg and Andy Warhol. While Warhol became widely famous, Rauschenberg is better known within art circles. Robert Rauschenberg, born in Port Arthur, Texas, in 1925, grew up in a town with little 3 inspiration. Despite his father’s 4 of support for his art, his mother encouraged him. Rauschenberg moved to California in 1944, eager to escape his industrial hometown. 5 , Andy Warhol, born in Pittsburgh in 1928, was close to his mother due to his frequent illnesses. Although he missed much school, this time was crucial for developing his artistic skills. He later attended Carnegie Institute, marking his entry into the art world. Both artists eventually moved to New York, which, by the 1950s, was the new center for avant-garde art. Both Rauschenberg and Warhol shared a brave approach to art, adopting popular culture and 6 traditional ideas about what art could be. Rauschenberg was known for his 7 media works, using unconventional materials like metal, glass, and even found objects like socks and car parts. His 1953 piece, “Automobile Tire Print”, was a groundbreaking work that helped establish his 8 in art history. Warhol, on the other hand, gained fame with his “Campbell’s Soup Can” series. His artwork included everyday items, making art more relatable and 9 . Warhol also created famous portraits of celebrities like Marilyn Monroe and Elvis Presley. His 1964 exhibition of sculpture, featuring imitation supermarket products like Brillo and Heinz, further challenged conventional art forms and 10 his reputation. Both artists extended their 11 beyond traditional media. Rauschenberg cooperated with musicians, dancers, and even scientists, expanding the definition of art. His approach has been described as “the wind blowing through the art world”, constantly innovating. Warhol also 12 music, film, and Performance Art. His multimedia show,“The Exploding Plastic Inevitable”, was notable for its lighting innovations that influenced rock concerts. Despite their 13 careers, their paths differed in terms of public engagement. Warhol 14 publicity, wrote books, and socialized with celebrities, while Rauschenberg preferred to stay out of the limelight. Although Warhol’s work is highly commercial and instantly 15 , Rauschenberg’s contributions remain significant for their originality and impact on Modern Art. 1．A．request B．present C．shift D．warning 2．A．literary B．influential C．official D．local 3．A．sudden B．artistic C．seasonal D．permanent 4．A．level B．means C．lack D．nature 5．A．Similarly B．Unfortunately C．Strangely D．Eventually 6．A．expressing B．challenging C．evaluating D．maintaining 7．A．mixed B．regional C．digital D．free 8．A．claim B．place C．business D．version 9．A．accessible B．luxurious C．traditional D．decorative 10．A．damaged B．restored C．solidified D．assessed 11．A．search B．function C．authority D．creativity 12．A．provided B．explored C．sold D．replaced 13．A．conventional B．successful C．temporary D．independent 14．A．explained B．avoided C．doubted D．sought 15．A．recognizable B．realizable C．effective D．productive 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．B 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍现代艺术，重点讲述两位有影响力的艺术家劳森伯格和沃霍尔，他们突破传统、融合多元创作，风格与公众关注度不同却都影响深远。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个时期标志着从传统艺术的转变，转而聚焦于实验探索，以及关于材料与技法的全新理念。A. request请求；B. present礼物；C. shift转变；D. warning警告。根据后文“from traditional art, focusing instead on experimentation”可知，现代艺术与传统不同，是一种转变。故选C项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个时代两位有影响力的人物是Robert Rauschenberg和Andy Warhol。A. literary文学的；B. influential有影响力的；C. official官方的；D. local当地的。根据后文“Both Rauschenberg and Warhol shared a brave approach to art, adopting popular culture and 　　　　 traditional ideas about what art could be.”描述两位艺术家的贡献可知，他们是有影响力的人物。故选B项。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Robert Rauschenberg于1925年出生在得克萨斯州的阿瑟港，他成长的小镇几乎没有什么艺术氛围。A. sudden突然的；B. artistic艺术的；C. seasonal季节的；D. permanent永久的。根据后文“escape his industrial hometown”可知，这里指Robert Rauschenberg的家乡缺乏艺术氛围。故选B项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管父亲缺乏对他艺术的支持，母亲却鼓励他。A. level水平；B. means方式；C. lack缺乏；D. nature本质。根据后文“his mother encouraged him”的转折可知，这里指父亲缺乏对他艺术的支持。故选C项。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，1928年出生于匹兹堡的Andy Warhol，因自幼体弱多病，与母亲关系十分亲密。A. Similarly相似地；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Strangely奇怪地；D. Eventually最终。根据前文“his mother encouraged him”以及后文“was close to his mother due to his frequent illnesses”可知，此处开始对比两位艺术家的成长，Similarly表示并列比较，符合语境。故选A项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rauschenberg和Warhol都有着大胆的艺术创作手法，他们吸纳流行文化，并挑战了关于艺术本质的传统观念。A. expressing表达；B. challenging挑战；C. evaluating评价；D. maintaining维持。根据前文“brave approach to art”和后文“unconventional materials”和“further challenged conventional art forms”可知，他们挑战传统。故选B项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rauschenberg以他的混合媒介作品闻名，他使用金属、玻璃等非传统材料，甚至利用袜子、汽车零件等拾得物品进行创作。A. mixed混合的；B. regional地区的；C. digital数字的；D. free自由的。根据后文“using unconventional materials like metal, glass, and even found objects like socks and car parts”可知，他是用多种材料混合进行创作的。故选A项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他1953年的作品《Automobile Tire Print》是一幅具有开创性的作品，帮助他奠定了在艺术史上的地位。A. claim声称；B. place位置，地位；C. business生意；D. version版本。根据前文“groundbreaking work”以及语境可知，这里指该作品奠定了他的地位。故选B项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的艺术作品融入了日常物品，让艺术变得更贴近生活、也更易理解与接触。A. accessible可接近的，易懂的；B. luxurious奢华的；C. traditional传统的；D. decorative装饰性的。根据前文“everyday items”以及语境可知，因为艺术贴近生活，所以更容易被接受理解。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他1964年的雕塑展览展出了模仿超市商品的作品，比如Brillo and Heinz，进一步挑战了传统艺术形式，并巩固了他的声望。A. damaged损害；B. restored恢复；C. solidified巩固；D. assessed评估。根据前文“gained fame”和“further challenged”可知，这里指他的名声更加稳固。故选C项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两位艺术家都将创造力延伸到了传统媒介之外。A. search寻找；B. function功能；C. authority权威；D. creativity创造力。根据后文“Rauschenberg cooperated with musicians, dancers, and even scientists, expanding the definition of art. His approach has been described as “the wind blowing through the art world”, constantly innovating.”可知，这里指他们在拓展自己的创造力到其他方面。故选D项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Warhol也探索了音乐、电影和行为艺术。A. provided提供；B. explored探索；C. sold卖；D. replaced取代。根据前文“extended their 　　　　 beyond traditional media”和空格前的“also”以及语境可知，这里指Warhol也探索了新领域。故选B项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们的事业都很成功，但公众参与度不同。A. conventional传统的；B. successful成功的；C. temporary暂时的；D. independent独立的。根据前文“Both Rauschenberg and Warhol shared a brave approach to art, adopting popular culture and 　　　　 traditional ideas about what art could be.”以及描述他们对艺术做出的贡献可知，两位都很有名望，所以事业都成功。故选B项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Warhol追求曝光，写书，与名人交往，而Rauschenberg更喜欢远离聚光灯。A. explained解释；B. avoided避免；C. doubted怀疑；D. sought寻求，追求。根据后文“Rauschenberg preferred to stay out of the limelight”的对比可知，这里指Warhol追求关注度。故选D项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管Warhol的作品高度商业化且易于辨认，Rauschenberg的贡献仍然具有原创性和对现代艺术的影响。A. recognizable可辨认的；B. realizable可实现的；C. effective有效的；D. productive多产的。根据前文“highly commercial”和大众知名度知，这里指其作品很容易被认出。故选A项。 模块二：阅读理解·体裁题型全突破 押题猜想04 记叙文/新闻报道（情感线索/成长励志） 试题前瞻·能力先查 【命题说明】 主题语境：人与自我 —— 生活感悟、成长蜕变、内心平静，属于高考记叙文阅读经典成长主题。 考点覆盖：细节理解题、细节理解题、词义猜测题、推理判断题。 易错设置：细节定位偏差、词义猜测脱离语境、推理过度解读原文。 About a year ago, my mother turned on the dishwasher and went to the airport to drop off my father who was headed overseas on a work trip. By the time she got back, there was water all over the kitchen floor. We called a repairman, only to be told the dishwasher would have to be replaced. A new one was ordered but it would not arrive for more than a month. As my mother had a tight schedule, I had no choice but to take on the task of washing dishes by hand after dinner. I soon found myself faced with a pile of thankless dishes in the sink, urging me to get on with it and deliver on my duty. At the beginning, I was annoyed when doing the dishes. I was in a rush to be done with them since I had an endless list of things to finish as a high school student taking a tough course load. Gradually, I realized that, for about 15 minutes every day, I could slow down time and forget everything in the world as my mind, eyes and hands focused on a simple task that would always result in success. We did finally get the new dishwasher placed. However, I continued to wash dishes by hand after dinner, perplexing my mother immensely. Washing dishes by hand has been more educational than I could have ever imagined. I’m running around stressed most of the day. There are homework assignments, projects, quizzes and tests competing for my attention and time. I’ve caged myself in a prison of my ambitions and expectations, cut off from many aspects of the world. However, standing at the same spot every day in front of the kitchen window washing dishes has allowed me to recover some of it. My mind has taken snap-shots of the changing view over the yard outside the kitchen window and meditated on the passage of time in this sliver of the universe in front of me. 1．Why did the author start washing dishes by hand? A．The old dishwasher broke down. B．His mother requested him to do so. C．He attempted to please his father. D．The new dishwasher was over budget. 2．What did the author think of dish-washing initially? A．It was a stress-reliever. B．It was complicated. C．It was a money-saver. D．It was burdensome. 3．What does the underlined word “perplexing” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Offending. B．Puzzling. C．Discouraging. D．Inspiring. 4．What can we learn about the author from the last two paragraphs? A．He grew more sensitive to the beauty of nature. B．He regretted devoting too much time to study. C．He decided to abandon some of his ambitions. D．He desired to move to a house with a larger yard. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因洗碗机故障而开始手洗碗碟，从最初觉得麻烦到后来将其视为一种放松和思考的时间，最终在洗碗的过程中获得了内心的平静和对生活的感悟。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“We called a repairman, only to be told the dishwasher would have to be replaced. A new one was ordered but it would not arrive for more than a month. As my mother had a tight schedule, I had no choice but to take on the task of washing dishes by hand after dinner. (我们叫了修理工，却被告知洗碗机必须更换。我们订购了一台新的，但需要一个多月才能到货。由于母亲日程紧张，我别无选择，只好承担起晚饭后手洗碗碟的任务)”可知，作者开始手洗碗碟是因为旧洗碗机坏了。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“At the beginning, I was annoyed when doing the dishes. I was in a rush to be done with them since I had an endless list of things to finish as a high school student taking a tough course loa$ 2026年高考英语终极押题猜想（上海通用） 模块一：语法词汇完形·提分锦囊 押题猜想01 语法填空题（核心考点+易错规避） 试题前瞻·能力先查 1. covering 2. where 3. must 4. Unlike 5. If 6. have invested 7. are designed 8. adapted 9. to guide 10. more livable 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1： 1．developing 2．shows 3．included 4．before 5．thinned 6．could 7．whose 8．to spill 9．that 10．like Passage 2： 1．ourselves 2．to hide 3．being 4．which 5．on/upon 6．who 7．even if 8．how much 9．were 10．more authentic Passage 3： 1．What 2．had been cut 3．to leave 4．with 5．raised 6．describing 7．when 8．must 9．whether 10．closer Passage4： 1．was observed 2．which 3．to feed 4．seen 5．at 6．until 7．reaching 8．less likely 9．how 10．is Passage 5： 1．longer 2．to culture 3．are easily damaged 4．if 5．their 6．cultivating 7．tested 8．nor 9．which 10．which 押题猜想02 选词填空（词汇辨析+逻辑连贯） 试题前瞻·能力先查 【答案】 1．E 2．K 3．F 4．G 5．J 6．I 7．C 8．D 9．H 10．B 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1： 1．C 2．D 3．F 4．G 5．B 6．K 7．I 8．J 9．E 10．H Passage 2： 1．B 2．F 3．G 4．E 5．D 6．C 7．J 8．K 9．H 10．I Passage 3： 1．F 2．A 3．B 4．I 5．C 6．H 7．J 8．K 9．E 10．D Passage4： 1．D 2．A 3．K 4．B 5．I 6．F 7．J 8．G 9．C 10．H Passage 5： 1．K 2．C 3．E 4．H 5．B 6．G 7．F 8．J 9．A 10．I 押题猜想03 完形填空（逻辑线索+语境推理） 试题前瞻·能力先查 1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．D 15．B Passage 2： 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．B 15．C Passage 3： 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．A 14．D 15．A Passage4： 1．D 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．C Passage 5： 1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．B 14．D 15．A 模块二：阅读理解·体裁全突破 押题猜想04记叙文/新闻报道阅读（情感线索/成长励志） 试题前瞻·能力先查 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1：1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A Passage 2：1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C Passage 3：1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C Passage4：1．A 2．C 3．C 4．D Passage 5：1．D 2．B 3．B 4．B 押题猜想五 应用文类阅读（海报/操作说明/旅游指南） 试题前瞻·能力先查 1．D 2．C 3．A 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1：1．A 2．C 3．A Passage 2：1．D 2．A 3．B Passage 3：1．C 2．C 3．A Passage4：1．C 2．D 3．A Passage 5：1．B 2．C 3．D 押题猜想六说明文/议论文阅读（科普/社会现象深度解析） 试题前瞻·能力先查 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A Passage2 1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C Passage3 1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C Passage4 1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A Passage5 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 押题猜想七 六选四阅读（跨学科/认知心理研究） 试题前瞻·能力先查 1．F 2．C 3．A 4．D 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 1．A 2．C 3．F 4．B Passage2 1．E 2．C 3．F 4．D Passage3 1．E 2．A 3．F 4．C Passage4 1．F 2．C 3．D 4．A Passage5 1．B 2．F 3．C 4．E 模块三：读写翻译·逆袭攻略 押题猜想八 概要写作（结构透视+实验研究） 试题前瞻·能力先查 Naturalistic observation is a social science research method that observes people in natural environments and only records observations, differing from lab experiments with hypothesis testing and variable control. It’s usable in various settings, valuable for acquiring hard-to-get information and inspiring research ideas, and requires researchers to immerse themselves and do diverse record-taking like field notes and interviews. 密押预测·精练通关 Passage 1 Climate change significantly triggers anxiety, with a multitude of young people openly expressing their worry. To effectively alleviate concerns, obtain accurate information from highly reliable sources. Remember, hope still persists as many are striving to tackle it. Taking small daily practical actions can also truly make a meaningful difference and ease anxiety. Passage 2 As the new school term draws near, parents find it really tough to reject various after-school enrichment classes for their young children, which greatly dismays many frontline educators. They do this mainly to ease deep guilt from insufficient company; however, children badly need unstructured free time instead of overloaded daily schedules. Passage 3 Gratitude means being thankful for what we receive. Today’s young people may lack it due to commercial and social media. It benefits physical and mental health at any age and is infectious, encouraging others to pass on kindness. Practicing gratitude enables us to elevate ourselves while contributing to a world that is kinder and more connected. Passage 4 Researches show that public libraries hold a strong appeal for young people, though some state governments reduce support for their growth. In fact, libraries nowadays function as community centers where people read, do research and socialize with each other. Libraries are also a place for those who want to find personal spaces. In short, libraries are irreplaceable/important in people’s life. (60 words) Passage 5 A long-term study reveals that older male chimpanzees, like aging humans, prefer smaller but established social circles. They develop more mutual friendships and show less aggression with age. This parallels human aging patterns, though the reason remains unclear since chimps likely lack human awareness of mortality. Researchers suggest it may relate to reduced competition for mates. 押题猜想九 句子翻译（语法词汇+固定句型+从句应用） 试题前瞻·能力先查 【1】Why were you absent from the meeting yesterday? 【2】The registration forms for community public welfare activities must be filed before this Wednesday. 【3】Known for its high-quality service, the time-honoured restaurant has attracted many regular customers. 【4】This book house hidden in the downtown, where the atmosphere is quiet and elegant, enables readers to immerse themselves in books and stay away from worldly impetuosity and noise. 密押预测·精练通关 (一) 【1】：Please turn off all the lights before you leave the classroom. 【2】He should have started earlier so that he wouldn't have missed the flight. 【3】The city night-running activity relaxes people physically and mentally, improving citizens’ health index by 40% and leading a new fashion of healthy life. 【4】This exhibition hall built by the water, which is ingeniously designed, allows visitors to immerse themselves in history and experience culture during off-peak hours. (二) 【1】Is there a book about Chinese history on the desk? 【2】To our surprise, the shy girl won first place in the competition. 【3】However hard the road of study is, learners keep practicing diligently and move towards the ideal shore with accumulation. 【4】This cultural hall themed with solar terms, whose furnishings are simple and elegant, enables visitors to understand natural rhythms and feel Chinese wisdom. (三) 【1】The museum is open to the public for free. 【答案】The campus safety publicity brochures must be distributed to every student before Thursday. 【答案】It struck everyone that this food delivery man knew every detail of the historic buildings in old Shanghai like the back of his hand. 【答案】The urban pocket parks have been transformed for years, keeping natural charm and adding convenience facilities, which wins wide praise from citizens. (四) 【1】：How can we finish the task efficiently in the limited time? 【2】This waterproof and wear-resistant material is firm and practical, widely used in the production of outdoor mountaineering equipment. 【3】It astonished people that this young designer had a thorough knowledge of the aesthetics of Jiangnan gardens. 【4】This woodworking workshop hidden in the downtown, where the atmosphere is simple and pure, allows enthusiasts to create by hand and feel the beauty of craftsmanship. (五) 【1】Don’t you think it is important for everyone to obey the rules? 【2】How I wish I hadn’t missed the wonderful lecture yesterday! 【3】This degradable environmental material is safe and non-toxic, quite suitable for making food packaging. 【4】The historic and cultural blocks have undergone overall renovation and renewal, keeping the old city’s texture and activating new vitality, attracting an endless stream of tourists. 模块四：英语作文·高分揭秘 押题猜想十 英语作文（热点话题/分类透视） 试题前瞻·能力先查 【参考范文】 Dear Librarian, I am Li Hua, a student from Hongxing Middle School. Learning that the library plans to introduce "Silent Pods," I am writing to express my strong support for this initiative. In today’s fast-paced academic environment, deep focus is increasingly scarce. Silent Pods would provide a sanctuary for students to concentrate on complex tasks without distraction, significantly boosting efficiency. Moreover, having designated quiet zones helps cultivate a respectful atmosphere for all readers. However, I understand concerns about reduced interaction space. To balance individual study and group collaboration, I suggest setting up separate "Discussion Zones" equipped with whiteboards near the entrance. This way, students can switch between modes seamlessly without disturbing others. I believe this adjustment will make our library a more versatile and user-friendly space. Thank you for considering my suggestion. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 密押预测·精练通关 Passage1： 【参考范文】 Welcome to Shanghai! I am delighted to introduce you to a unique cultural treasure: Shanghai-style Paper Cutting. Unlike traditional folk paper cutting, this art form blends Chinese intricate patterns with Western realistic styles, creating a distinct "Haipai" aesthetic. Participating in a paper-cutting workshop is not just about crafting; it is a journey into history. You will learn how a simple pair of scissors can transform red paper into vivid stories of luck and happiness. It requires patience and precision, offering a rare chance to slow down and appreciate the beauty of details. We warmly invite you to join our upcoming workshop. It is a perfect opportunity to get your hands dirty and take home a personalized piece of Shanghai culture. Let’s explore the magic of scissors together! passage 2： 【参考范文】 The Power of Small Steps Many dream of big achievements but hesitate to start. My experience learning the guitar taught me that consistency beats intensity. Initially, I aimed to master a complex song in a week, only to feel frustrated by my clumsy fingers. I nearly quit. Then, I changed my strategy: practicing just 15 minutes daily. No matter how tired I was, I stuck to this small step. Gradually, calluses formed on my fingertips, and chords became clear. Three months later, I could play fluently. This journey revealed a truth: great progress is the sum of small efforts repeated day in and day out. Small steps reduce anxiety and build momentum. Instead of waiting for the perfect moment, we should take imperfect action now. Remember, a thousand-mile journey begins with a single step. Passage 3： 【参考答案】 As a senior three student from Future High School, I’m glad to introduce our school’s Robot Club to you. As one of the most popular clubs, it welcomes students interested in science and technology. Members regularly attend weekly meetings, learn basic programming and cooperate to design and make robot models. Besides, it often holds creative competitions to inspire students. The club is set up to enrich after-school life and combine textbook knowledge with practice. It not only helps students improve hands-on skills and creative thinking, but also cultivates their teamwork spirit. Up to now, many members have won prizes in various regional contests. It truly offers a great platform for students to explore their potential. Passage 4 【参考答案】 Dear Tom, I’m thrilled to hear from you and share with you one of the most unforgettable group activities in my high school life. Last autumn, as the class monitor, I organized a 3-day field study to a nearby ecological reserve for my senior 2 classmates. We conducted field surveys on local plant species, interviewed environmental workers, and presented our findings in a group exhibition. Despite the harsh weather and tight schedule, we collaborated seamlessly, pooling our expertise in biology, photography and report writing to complete the project. This experience is far more than a simple outing. It not only honed our practical research skills and fostered a deeper awareness of ecological protection, but also strengthened our class unity. It taught me that true leadership lies in inspiring collective effort, and that the bond forged through shared challenges is the most precious gift of high school. I’d love to hear about your memorable group activities too. Yours sincerely, Li Hua Passage 5： 【参考答案】 As an essential part of middle school education, aesthetic education is widely carried out in our school, with music and art courses provided. Yet many students have a superficial understanding of beauty, focusing merely on external forms, skill mastery or fashion trends and lacking the ability to truly appreciate traditional arts like calligraphy and Chinese painting. There are three main reasons for this. For one thing, buried in academic work, students have little time to explore traditional art. For another thing, aesthetic courses lay more stress on skill training rather than guiding students to feel art’s inner beauty and cultural connotation. Finally, popular culture exerts a great influence, making students favor trendy things over traditional arts. To change this situation, joint efforts are needed. It is schools that should hold traditional art activities to arouse students’ interest. Teachers, meanwhile, ought to adjust teaching methods. They inspire students to understand the charm behind artworks. As for students, they need to take the initiative to learn traditional culture, cultivating the ability to discover inner beauty. Only in this way can aesthetic education play its real role and help students form a correct view of beauty. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 2 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $