Unit 3 Sports and Fitness Reading and Thinking-分层同步练习 2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

Reading and Thinking 一、必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Regular exercise has a direct influence on 　　　　　(fit) and health.  2.I would be honored 　　　　　　　　　　　　(show) around your factory.  3.　　　　　　(determine) to get to the destination,the athlete showed amazing willpower. 4.It is the most 　　　　　　(grace) performance I have ever seen.  5.Regular exercise can 　　　　　　(strength) the heart,thereby reducing the risk of heart attacks.  6.We have got 16 　　　　　　(medal),most of which were won by women.  7.　　　　　　(master) English means we can see the world through a new window.  8.After the heavy work,he sat on the ground,　　　　　　(sweat) all over.  9.The injured 　　　　　　　　　(take) to the hospital as soon as possible yesterday.  10.The plan was 　　　　　total failure,for it had little effect on bettering the environment. Ⅱ.短语填空 lose heart,work out,give up,set an example,fall apart 1.I feel better because I keep a healthy diet and 　　　　　　　　　regularly to be physically fit. 2.Zhang Guimei has 　　　　　　　　　　　　for all of us and we must learn from her.  3.The world’s transport systems would 　　　　　　　　　without a supply of electricity. 4.If it’s rainy tomorrow,we had better 　　　　　　　　the idea of playing tennis outside. 5.No matter what challenges we may face,we should never 　　　　　　　　　.  Ⅲ.单句写作 1.艾琳自三岁起一直专心于滑雪。 Eileen 　　　　　　　　　　　　her heart into skiing since she was three years old.  2.她在2019年6月决定放弃美国国籍。 She 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　her American nationality in June,2019.  3.鲍勃听到这个好消息时似乎很高兴。 Bob 　　　　　　　　　　　　very happy when he heard the good news.  4.他在田径锦标赛中获得了很多金牌,给我们国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。 He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in track and field championships and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　our country. 5.有一次他受伤很严重,因此在一次重要的比赛中没有成功。 Once he 　　　　　　　　　badly,so he didn’t 　　　　　　in an important event.  二、素养能力提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 A A month before my first marathon,one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks,leaving me only two weeks to train.Yet,I was determined to go ahead. I remembered back to my 7th year in school.In my first P.E.class,the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball.I didn’t do either well.He later informed me that I was “not athletic”. The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years.When I started running in my 30s,I realized running was a battle against myself,not about competition or whether or not I was athletic.It was all about the battle against my own body and mind.A test of wills! The night before my marathon,I dreamt that I couldn’t even find the finish line.I woke up sweating and nervous,but ready to prove something to myself. Shortly after crossing the start line,my shoe laces(鞋带) became untied.So I stopped to readjust.Not the start I wanted! At mile 3,I passed a sign:“GO FOR IT,RUNNERS!” By mile 17,I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly.Despite the pain,I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again. By mile 21,I was starving! As I approached mile 23,I could see my wife waving a sign.She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a.m.or questioned my expenses on running. I was one of the final runners to finish.But I finished!And I got a medal.In fact,I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had. Determined to be myself,move forward,free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签),I can now call myself a “marathon winner”. 1.A month before the marathon,though injured,the author 　　　.  A.lost hope B.felt scared C.was well trained D.made up his mind to run 2.Why did the author mention the P.E.class in his 7th year? A.To share a special memory. B.To thank his teacher for his support. C.To show he was not talented in sports. D.To amuse the readers with a funny story. 3.How was the author’s first marathon? A.He made it. B.He gave up halfway. C.He walked to the end. D.He got the first prize. 4.What does the story mainly tell us? A.One is never too old to learn. B.Failure is the mother of success. C.A winner is one with great effort of will. D.A man owes his success to his family support. B Wondering whether it’s worth going for a little jog?A new study shows that any amount of running lowers the risk of premature(过早的) death. In an analysis(分析) of 14 previous studies — from the US,the UK,China and Denmark — the group of researchers from Australia,Thailand and Finland said that increased running participation “would probably lead to improvements in population health.” The studies they used included 232,149 participants over time periods ranging from 5.5 to 35 years.Overall,people who ran any distance were connected with a 27% lower risk of death from all causes than those who did not,one of the studies shows.Running was also connected with a 30% and 23% lower risk of death from heart-related disease and cancer,respectively (分别地). Lead researcher Željko Pedišic',a professor at Victoria University in Melbourne,told CNN:“Our findings may motivate physically inactive people to take up running and those who already run to keep on doing it.” He added that doctors “may be encouraged by our findings to let more people realize that running is a part of ‘lifestyle medicine’.” In their paper,which will be printed in the British Journal of Sports Medicine,the researchers say health professionals are sometimes looking out for the possible danger of encouraging people to run “because vigorous exertion (剧烈运动) has been connected with sudden death.” Pedišic' and his team disagree with this by noting that “the benefit of running is more important than the risk.” However,they do say advice should be given on a case-by-case basis,as running might not be proper for everyone.And although running has a clear health benefit,Pedišic' points out that higher “doses(剂量)” of running may not necessarily reduce the risk of premature death further. 5.What does the research mainly focus on? A.The influence of running on health. B.The possible risks of running. C.The proper way to run. D.The best time to run. 6.What does the underlined word “motivate” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Teach. B.Force. C.Inspire. D.Require. 7.What might be health professionals’ attitude to the research findings? A.Totally uninterested. B.Strongly supportive. C.A bit disappointed. D.A little worried. 8.What is Pedišic'‘s advice to people choosing running as a form of exercise? A.Running regularly. B.Taking professional advice. C.Warming up before running. D.Considering one’s personal condition. C It’s OK to run when it’s cold outside.But is it OK to run when you have a cold?Many runners find the activity addictive.Running releases endorphins (内啡肽) into the brain,which are responsible for mood changes.The harder you run,the more endorphins released,and the happier you are.Some studies show this endorphin rush allows people to continue running even when injured or sick. And that brings us to the point of this article—why people continue their running even when they’re sick.Most of us curl up in bed with some chicken soup and the remote control when we’re under the weather.But runners often hit the road.Are they helping or hurting themselves by jogging with a cold? The best way to decide whether you should exercise is to employ what doctors call the “neck check”.Feel free to go running if your cold is “above the neck”.Doctors advise against proceeding with your exercise if your sufferings are “below the neck”. Some people think that running in cold temperatures will actually make them sick.But this isn’t really true.You can’t freeze your lungs or windpipe (气管).Your body heats the air you breathe.When the air is particularly cold,you may feel a burning in your chest as you breathe.If that’s the case,try covering your mouth with a scarf or wearing a ski mask.That’ll help heat up the air before you breathe it in. Keep in mind,if you have an infection(感染) in your chest or throat,running outside can indeed make things worse.But if you have a simple head cold,it would be fine to take that run,even if it’s cold outside. 9.Why do some people still go running even if they are not in good condition? A.They’d like to keep their figures. B.They don’t realize the harm it does. C.They want to feel the pleasure it brings. D.They enjoy the atmosphere of running with others. 10.What does the underlined word “proceeding” in paragraph 3 mean? A.Stopping. B.Working. C.Changing. D.Continuing. 11.What is the misunderstanding of running in cold weather? A.It will make people ill. B.It will worsen people’s health. C.It will burn your chest. D.It has nothing to do with people’s illness. 12.What can we learn from the text? A.Running when suffering a cold can be harmful. B.Running in cold weather makes people happier. C.Lying in bed is what we all do when catching a cold. D.Covering your mouth when running in cold weather frees you from a cold. 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.fitness　2.to be shown　3.Determined　4.graceful　5.strengthen　6.medals　7.Mastering　8.sweating　9.were taken　10.a Ⅱ.1.work out　2.set an example　3.fall apart　4.give up　5.lose heart Ⅲ.1.has been putting　2.determined to give up　3.seemed to be　4.has won many gold medals;brought honour and glory to　5.was injured;make it Ⅳ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了没有运动天赋的作者在第一次参加马拉松之前脚踝受伤,但仍然决心继续训练,作者认为跑步是与自己的一种较量,最终作者跑完了马拉松并得到了一枚奖牌,这告诉我们决心成为自己,向前迈进,摆脱羞耻和世俗标签,就会成功。 1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段可知,马拉松赛前一个月,虽然受伤,但作者下定决心去跑步,故选D项。 2.C　推理判断题。根据第二段的“In my first P.E.class...that I was ‘not athletic’.”可知,作者提到七年级的体育课是为了表明他在运动方面没有天赋。故选C项。 3.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“I was one of the final runners to finish.But I finished!And I got a medal.”可知,作者第一次马拉松的结果是他越过了终点线,获得了一枚奖牌,也就是成功了。故选A项。 4.C　主旨大意题。 通读全文,结合最后一段内容可知,本文讲述了作者是个没有运动天赋的人,在第一次参加马拉松比赛的前一个月脚踝受伤,但他没有放弃,凭借坚强的意志,最终成功完成了比赛。由此可知,这个故事主要告诉我们:真正的胜利者是有毅力的人。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明,任何程度的跑步都能降低过早死亡的风险。文章对此进行了介绍。 5.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“A new study shows that any amount of running lowers the risk of premature death.”可知,这项研究主要关注跑步对健康的影响。 6.C　词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“physically inactive people to take up running and those who already run to keep on doing it”可知,此处是指这项研究发现可能会激励不运动的人开始跑步,激励已经跑步的人继续坚持,所以motivate意为“激励”。 7.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“health professionals are sometimes looking out for the possible danger of encouraging people to run”可知,健康专业人士对这项研究发现可能有些担忧。 8.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“However,they do say advice should be given on a case-by-case basis,as running might not be proper for everyone.”可知,Pedišic'对选择跑步作为一种锻炼方式的人的建议是要考虑个人情况。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了许多跑步爱好者在感冒时依然坚持跑步的原因,以及如何判断是否适合在感冒时进行运动。 9.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中“The harder you run...even when injured or sick.”可知,由于跑步释放的内啡肽会让人感到快乐,内啡肽的激增使受伤或生病的人也能继续跑步。 10.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的内容“Feel free to go running if your cold is ‘above the neck’.”以及后文“if your sufferings are ‘below the neck’”可知,此处指出如果感冒的症状在“在脖子以上”,则可以继续去跑步,但如果感冒所带来的症状在脖子以下,那么就应该暂停跑步。故此处应该表示医生建议“不要继续跑步”。故画线词与D项“Continuing”为同义词。 11.A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Some people think that running in cold temperatures will actually make them sick.But this isn’t really true.”可知,很多人误认为在低温下跑步会让人生病。 12.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,在感冒的时候是否要跑步是分情况的,如果你的胸部或喉咙感染了,在外面跑步确实会让情况变得更糟。由此可知,感冒时跑步可能是有害的。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $