Unit 5 Lead-in～Reading知识点讲练 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

课 题 8A Unit 5 Good manners 文明礼仪（Lead-in to Reading 课文讲解及单词） 教学目标 1. 掌握Unit 5所有单词的音、形、义及用法。 2. 理解Lead-in部分内容，为Reading做铺垫，读懂Reading课文，把握主旨大意和关键细节。 重难点透视 Reading中长难句的理解； 单词在具体语境中的准确使用； 将课文知识转化为解题能力。 知识点剖析 序号 知识点 预估时间 掌握情况 1 Lead-in导入及Unit 5单词学习 （含学生学校月考卷答疑） 85 min 2 Reading课文讲解 35 min 教 学 内 容 ( 8 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 单元单词 1. 2. manners /ˈmænəz/n. [pl.] 礼仪，礼貌 3. litter /ˈlɪtə(r)/n. 垃圾 4. tap /tæp/n. 水龙头 5. wait in line 排队等候 6. patiently /ˈpeɪʃntli/adv. 耐心地 7. congratulations /kənˌɡrætʃəˈleɪʃnz/n. [pl.] 祝贺 8. hallway /ˈhɔːlweɪ/n. 走廊；正门过道 9. on time 准时 10. feel at home 舒适自在，不拘束 11. normally /ˈnɔːməli/adv. 通常 12. address /əˈdres/vt. 称呼（某人） 13. politeness /pəˈlaɪtnəs/n. 礼貌 14. realize /ˈriːəlaɪz/vt. & vi. (= realise) 意识到 15. behave /bɪˈheɪv/vi. 表现 16. differently /ˈdɪfrəntli/adv. 不同地 17. when it comes to (doing) sth 当涉及某事（或做某事）时 18. praise /preɪz/n. & vt. 称赞，赞美 19. pleased /pliːzd/adj. 高兴 20. instead of prep. 代替，作为… 的替换 21. reply /rɪˈplaɪ/vt. & vi. 回答，答复 22. modest /ˈmɒdɪst/adj. 谦虚的 23. openly /ˈəʊpənli/adv. 公开地，毫不隐瞒地 24. host /həʊst/n. 主人 25. hospitable /hɒˈspɪtəbl/adj. 好客的，热情友好的 26. plate /pleɪt/n. 盘子，碟子 27. refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/vi. & vt. 拒绝，回绝 28. get used to sth 习惯于某事 29. fully /ˈfʊli/adv. 完全地，全部地，充分地 30. all at once 一起，同时 31. jump the line 插队 32. loudly /ˈlaʊdli/adv. 大声地；吵闹地 33. cool off 变凉，冷却下来 34. case /keɪs/n. 特殊情况；病例 35. in case 以防万一 36. run into sb/sth 撞上 37. push /pʊʃ/vi. & vt. 挤开；推动 38. past /pɑːst/prep. 在另一边，到另一侧 39. in one's way 挡着… 的路 40. discussion /dɪˈskʌʃn/n. 讨论 41. cheat /tʃiːt/vi. & vt. 欺骗 42. promise /ˈprɒmɪs/vt. & vi. 承诺，许诺 43. keep one's word 信守诺言 44. pear /peə(r)/n. 梨 45. even though 尽管，即使 46. own /əʊn/vt. 拥有 47. respectfully /rɪˈspektfəli/adv. 尊敬地 48. move /muːv/vt. 使感动，打动 49. earphones /ˈɪəfəʊnz/n. [pl.] 耳机 50. circle /ˈsɜːkl/n. 圆圈 51. tip /tɪp/n. 小费 52. peaceful /ˈpiːsfl/adj. 安宁的，平静的 53. impolite /ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt/adj. 失礼的，粗鲁的 54. trouble /ˈtrʌbl/vt. 麻烦；使烦恼；折磨 55. one another pron. 互相 56. hug /hʌɡ/n., vt. & vi. 拥抱 57. kiss /kɪs/n., vt. & vi. 亲吻 58. quietly /ˈkwaɪətli/adv. 安静地；平静地 59. tasty /ˈteɪsti/adj. 美味的，可口的 60. rush /rʌʃ/vt. & vi. 急促；仓促行事；vi. 冲，涌 61. unless /ənˈles/conj. 除非 62. be about to do sth 即将，正要（做某事） 单元课文 Good manners and kindness are always in fashion. 良好的礼仪与善意永远不过时。 In this unit, we will read about different manners in the UK and China; 阅读了解中英两国不同的礼仪习俗 learn about good manners in China; 学习中国的文明礼仪； write about manners in different situations; 书写不同场景下的礼仪规范； become more aware of how to behave properly. 进一步懂得如何举止得体。 It is the Good Manners Week at Sunshine Middle School.Let’s learn about manners around the world and discuss how to behave properly in different situations or countries. 阳光中学正在开展文明礼仪周活动。让我们一起了解世界各地的礼仪，探讨在不同场合、不同国家该如何举止得体。 Doing the right things 做文明得体的事 a Drop litter 乱扔垃圾 b Leave the tap running 让水龙头一直开着 c Keep quiet in the library 在图书馆保持安静 d Pick flowers in the park 在公园里摘花 e Follow traffic rules 遵守交通规则 f Wait in line patiently 耐心排队等候 Shirley: I’m so excited to start school, Amy! ( 礼仪规则常用句型 It's important to … …… 是很重要的 You should … 你应该 …… Remember … 记住 …… Don't forget to … 别忘了 …… )Amy: Congratulations, Shirley. You’re a primary school student now! But I’d like to tell you a few school rules. First, it’s very important to show respect for your teachers. Shirley: I understand. Amy: And you should be kind to your classmates. Shirley: I will. I can’t wait to meet my new classmates! Amy: Remember, you shouldn’t run in the hallways after class. And don’t forget to return to class on time. Shirley: I see. What else? Amy: Don’t leave rubbish anywhere. Help keep the school clean. Shirley: I will. Thanks, Amy. 【译文】： · 雪莉：艾米，马上就要上学啦，我太激动了！ · 艾米：恭喜你呀雪莉！你现在是一名小学生啦！不过我要跟你说几条校规。首先，尊敬老师是非常重要的。 · 雪莉：我明白啦。 · 艾米：你还要友善对待同学。 · 雪莉：我会的！我已经迫不及待想见新同学了！ · 艾米：记住，课后不要在走廊里奔跑。还有别忘了准时回到教室。 · 雪莉：知道啦。还有别的吗？ · 艾米：不要到处乱扔垃圾，一起维护校园整洁。 · 雪莉：我一定会的。谢谢你，艾米。 Reading ：When in Rome, do as the Romans do 入乡随俗 written by Robert 作者：罗伯特 posted on 03/10 发布日期：10 月 3 日 I’ve been in China for a month. My Chinese friends are kind enough to make me feel at home, but I’ve noticed some interesting differences in manners. 我来到中国已经一个月了。中国朋友们十分友善，让我在这里舒适自在、毫不拘束，但我也发现了两国礼仪里一些有趣的差异。 In the UK, people use the word “please” all the time to be polite. The Chinese have their own way of being polite. For example, they normally use nin to address others in a formal situation. If you want to show politeness and respect for others, you can’t go wrong with nin. 在英国，人们时刻说着 “请” 来表达礼貌。中国人有着属于自己的礼貌方式。比如在正式场合，大家都会用 “您” 来称呼他人。如果你想向别人表达礼貌与敬重，用 “您” 永远不会出错。 I’ve also realized that the Chinese behave differently from the British when it comes to praise. If someone says my Chinese is good, I’ll be pleased and tell them I love learning the language. But when I praise my Chinese friends, instead of saying “thank you”, they often smile and reply, “Nali, nali.” They are too modest to accept praise openly. 我还发现，在面对夸赞时，中国人和英国人的处事方式大不相同。如果有人夸奖我中文说得好，我会十分开心，并告诉对方我很喜欢学习这门语言。可当我夸赞我的中国朋友时，他们并不会说 “谢谢”，反而常常笑着回复 “哪里哪里”。他们十分谦虚，不会坦然大方地接受赞美。 Here, eating is a special time for people to connect. One day, my host was nice enough to invite me to dinner, and he was so hospitable. He was telling me to eat more and kept putting food on my plate. This was his way of showing how much he cared about me. I ate so much because I was too polite to refuse! In the UK, people show that they care about their guests in a different way. They usually ask if everything is OK or if you want another drink. 在中国，用餐是人们增进感情的特殊时刻。有一天，房东热情邀请我去家里吃饭，他待人十分好客。他一直劝我多吃点，不停地往我的盘子里夹菜。这是他表达关心我的方式。出于礼貌我不好推辞，吃了很多很多！而在英国，人们用完全不同的方式关照客人。他们通常只会询问你用餐是否舒心，要不要再来一杯饮品。 It can be hard at first to get used to all these differences. But if you are in another country, my advice is: when in Rome, do as the Romans do. 一开始很难适应这些礼仪差异。但如果你身在异国他乡，我的建议是：入乡随俗。 【知识点小贴士】 · Facts 事实：通常包含人名、日期、事件、数字 · Opinions 观点：表达个人信念、感受与想法 · 我们可以用事实支撑观点，也可以先陈述事实，再表达个人看法。 【针对性练习】 一、根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词 1. The teacher always tells students to mind their ______（礼仪） in public. 2. We shouldn't leave the ______（水龙头） running when we brush our teeth. 3. He sat ______（耐心地） in the waiting room, reading a magazine to pass the time. 4. Dropping ______ （垃圾）everywhere is not good for our environment. 5. We usually ______ （称呼）teachers as "Mr" or "Mrs" instead of using their first names in class. 6. Teaching children ______ （礼貌）from an early age helps them grow into respectful people. 7. As the ______（主人）, he prepared delicious food and drinks to welcome his friends to the party. 8. I need to r to her email before the end of the day. 9. She always ______ （表现）well in class and listens carefully to the teacher. 10. She put the fresh fruits on a white ______ （盘子）and served them to guests. 11. She ______ （拒绝）his invitation to the party because she had to finish her homework. 12. He hasn't ______（回复） to the email yet, so we need to wait a little longer. 13. She finally r her mistake and said sorry to her classmate. 二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1. It is very important ______ (keep) a balanced diet for long-term health. 2. Don't forget ______ (water) the plants while we're away on vacation. 3. You should ______ (check) the weather forecast before going out for a picnic. 4. He raised his glass and said, "______ (congratulation) to the happy couple!" 5. He's never been ______(somewhere) outside Britain. 6. Amy is good at her lessons and her parents are ______ (please) with her. 7. People from different countries often think ______ (different) about the same problem. 8. Miss Sun is always patient enough ______ (help) us with our English. 9. Children sometimes find it hard to talk ______ (open) with their parents about their worries. 10. Small acts of ______(polite), like saying "thank you" or holding the door, can make daily interactions warmer. 11. I am too busy ______ (watch) the film today. I have so much work to do. 12. He didn't ______ (full) realize how important this opportunity was until it was too late. 13. Let's have a ______(discuss) on where to spend the summer holiday after class. 14. My dad promised ______ (take) us to the zoo if we get good grades in the exam. 15. The students laughed ______(loud) when their teacher told a funny story. 三、单项选择（选项横向排列） 1. It is bad ______ to talk with your mouth full. A. efforts B. chances C. rules D. manners 2. The teacher always tells us we ______ run in the hallways because someone might get hurt. A. shouldn't B. should C. can D. must 3. We must arrive at the meeting ______, or we'll miss the important part. A. on time B. in time C. at time D. for time 4. You'd better wait ______. You should show good manners. A. in need B. in person C. in line D. in danger 5. What should you do in public places when you are in China? A. Keep quiet in the library B. Drop litter C. Pick flowers in the park D. Greet people with a kiss 6. Did Simon invite you to his party? Yes. But I had to ______ it because it is hard for me to spare time for it. A. repeat B. refuse C. return D. receive 7. The little boy has kept ______ for a long time because he can't find his mother. A. cry B. crying C. cries D. cried 8. Millie has spent ______ on her study, but the result of her study isn't ______. A. enough time; enough good B. enough time; good enough C. time enough; well enough D. time enough; enough good 9. What ______ folk music! Yes. When I listen to it, I feel very ______. A. pleased; pleasant B. pleasant; pleasant C. pleasant; pleased D. pleased; pleased 10. She was too ______ to talk about her own contributions to the project. A. hospitable B. modest C. honest D. creative 11. Apart from my ______, I didn't know a single person in the party. A. guest B. tourist C. host D. address 12. Please ______ yourself at the party and don't make any trouble. A. behave B. develop C. treat D. support 13. Sounds ______ to be true. How does it work? A. enough good B. easy enough C. too good D. too easy 14. I ______ return to my village at least once a year, but I ______ the city life here now. A. used to; get used to B. get used to; used to C. used to; used to D. get used to; get used to 15. In Britain, people won't touch you or push past you if you're ______. A. on their way B. in their way C. by the way D. in this way 16. She finished the race ______ she was tired. A. so that B. in case C. even though D. as long as 17. You are ______ to decide things by yourself. A. too old B. too young C. old enough D. enough old 18. I am ______ busy ______ pick you up. A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. enough; to 19. You should not ______ when all your classmates are waiting for the school lunch. It's unfair to others. A. jump the line B. keep the line C. stand in line D. talk about the line 四、方框选词填空（短文填空，一题多余） ( 选词 1：all the time , feel at home , realize , go wrong , praise , open ) 1. Everything ________ during my trip—my flight was delayed and my luggage got lost. 2. They talked ________ about their plans for the future without hiding any details. 3. It rains ________ in this city during the rainy season. 4. The teacher ________ her for her creative solution to the math problem. 5. Even though I was in a foreign country, the locals' kindness made me ________. ( 选词 2：jump , run into , in case , past , keep one's word , pear ) 6. Be careful not to ________ the wall when you're running in the corridor. 7. Can you pass me that ________? I want to share it with my sister. 8. He ________ and took us to the cinema last weekend. 9. The cat ________ onto the windowsill to watch the birds outside just now. 10. The teacher asked us to bring dictionaries ________ we needed them. ( 选词 3：as well as , abroad , including , took place , importance , instead ) 11. The 5th Life Festival ________ from May 13 to 14 in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. 12. Around 100 artists from home and ________ took part in the event. 13. The theme of the festival this year was "reborn", with the purpose of remembering the past ________ hoping for a better future. 14. Yang Ping shared her view on the ________ and value of humans and called on people to make the most of each day. 15. The Life Festival will continue to keep an eye on life art and fields ________ education, women and so on. 五、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 使用公筷夹菜是一种良好的餐桌礼仪。 It is good to pick up food serving chopsticks. 2. 她教她的孩子们通过每天早上礼貌地问候父母来表达对父母的尊重。 She teaches her children to by greeting them politely every morning. 3. 我们每个人都应该遵守交通规则。 Every one of us should . 4. 不要采路两边的花。 on both sides of the road. 5. 我等不及下个月去度假了。(can't wait to) I next month. 6. 他们决定待在家里看电影，而不是去拥挤的商场。 They decided to stay at home and watch a movie . 7. 说到礼仪，在别人说话时耐心倾听以表达礼貌是很重要的。 manners, it's very important to by listening patiently when others are speaking. 8. 她的同学们非常友好，帮她整理笔记，这让她在新班级里感觉像在自己家一样自在。 Her classmates were to help her with notes, making her in the new class. 9. 她渐渐习惯了乘飞机旅行。(get used to) She is by plane. 六、首字母短文填空 There is going to be a talk on visiting manners. The purpose of the talk is to teach students 1. r______ for visiting. Good visiting manners make our experiences 2. h______. Whether visiting museums, places of interest, or friends' homes, it's important to 3. f______ proper rules. When visiting museums, remember three rules. First, many places have 4. p______ signs saying "No touching" or "No photos". Follow these instructions. Second, keep your 5. v______ down. Just enjoy art and history quietly. Third, never run or shout as it troubles others. When visiting a friend's home, bring a small 6. g______ like flowers or chocolates. You are 7. e______ to take off shoes in some families. Never 8. t______ private things if the host doesn't agree. For group visits like school trips, stay with your group and listen 9. c______ to guides. Put up your hand for questions 10. i______ of shouting out. As the saying goes, "Good manners will open doors that the best education cannot." Let's all be polite visitors. 七、完形填空 The Qingming Festival, Tomb-sweeping Day, is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It comes in early 1 every year. During this time, the whole country has a solemn (庄严的) and 2 feeling. This festival has a long history and is an 3 part of Chinese culture. People think that during the Qingming Festival, the line between the living (活着的人) and the dead is not so far. It's a time for people to 4 their ancestors (祖先). Families get together and bring things like fresh flowers, fruits, and 5 Chinese food. They go to cemeteries (墓地) or the tombs (坟墓) of their ancestors. These tombs are usually in quiet and beautiful countryside places with green mountains and clear water around them. When they get to the tombs, they clean the area 6 , getting rid of weeds and trash. They put the offerings in front of the tombstones with great respect. Besides tomb-sweeping, the Qingming Festival is also a good time for outings. Spring comes during this festival. The grass turns 7 , many colourful flowers bloom, and willow (柳树) branches (枝条) 8 gently in the wind. People enjoy the nice weather outside. They fly kites with traditional Chinese designs and these 9 stand for good wishes. In parks and the areas outside the cities, there are people 10 and having fun in the fresh air. So, the Qingming Festival has both the serious part of remembering ancestors and the happy part of enjoying the new life in spring. 1. A. March B. April C. May D. June 2. A. nervous B. angry C. sad D. afraid 3. A. interesting B. easy C. exciting D. important 4. A. prevent B. touch C. separate D. remember 5. A. soft B. dry C. traditional D. modern 6. A. excitedly B. coldly C. confidently D. carefully 7. A. blue B. red C. green D. yellow 8. A. swim B. walk C. run D. move 9. A. kites B. flowers C. mountains D. willows 10. A. laughing B. crying C. sleeping D. complaining 答案： 一、1. manners 2. tap 3. patiently 4. litter 5.. address 6. politeness 7. host 8. reply；9.behaves 10. plate 11. refused 12. replied 13. realized 二、1.to keep 2. to water 3. check 4. Congratulations 5. anywhere 6. pleased 7. differently 8. to help 9. openly 10. politeness 11. to watch 12. fully 13. discussion 14. to take 15. loudly 三、1~5. DAACA 6-10. BBBCB 11-14.CACA 四、1. went wrong 2. openly 3. all the time 4. praised 5. feel at home 6. run into 7. pear 8. kept his word 9. jumped 10. in case 11. took place 12. abroad 13. as well as 14. importance 15. including 五、1. table manners; with/using 2. show respect for parents 3. follow the traffic rules 4. Don't pick the flowers 5. can't wait to go on vacation. 6. instead of going to the crowded mall 7. When it comes to show politeness 8. friendly enough; feel at home 9. getting used to travelling. 六、1. rules 2. happy 3. follow 4. public 5. voice 6. gift 7. expected 8. touch 9. carefully 10. instead 七、1~5. BCDDC 6~10. DCDAA $