精品解析：河南省周口市第四初级中学2024-2025学年八年级下学期第二次素养评价英语试卷

八年级第二次素养评价卷 英语试卷 一、阅读理解（20小题, 每小题2分, 共40分） 阅读下面四篇语言材料, 然后按文后要求做题。 A Fruit Store A Business hours: 9: 00 a. m. -8: 30 p. m. Bananas (1 kilo): ￥5.00 Apples (1 kilo): ￥3.80. Watermelons (1 kilo): ￥1.60 Strawberries (1 kilo): ￥4.00 Quality: Very fresh Service: Good Fruit Store B Business hours: 9: 00 a. m. -7: 00 p. m. Bananas (1 kilo): ￥5.20 Apples (1 kilo): ￥3.90 Watermelons (1 kilo): ￥1.40 Strawberries (1 kilo): ￥4.40 Quality: Very fresh Service: Not good Fruit Store C Business hours: 8: 30 a. m. -7: 30 p. m. Bananas (1 kilo): ￥4. 90 Apples (1 kilo): ￥3. 30 Watermelons (1 kilo): ￥1. 68 Strawberries (1 kilo): ￥4. 50 Quality: Not fresh Service: Good Fruit Store D Business hours: 8: 30 a. m. -8: 30 p. m. Bananas (1 kilo): ￥5.00 Apples (1 kilo): ￥3.60 Watermelons (1 kilo): ￥1.70 Strawberries (1 kilo): ￥4.00 Quality: Not bad Service: Bad 1. From the survey results, we know the business hours of ________ are the shortest. A. Fruit Store A B. Fruit Store B C. Fruit Store C D. Fruit Store D 2. The prices of the ________ and ________ in Fruit Store A are the same as those of Fruit Store D. A. bananas; strawberries B. bananas; watermelons C. apples; strawberries D. apples; watermelons 3. The ________ of Fruit Store B is bad. A. fruits B. bananas C. strawberries D. service 4. It’s very necessary for Fruit Store D to ________ in the future. A. make the business time longer B. give better service C. have more kinds of fruits D. cut the prices of fruits 5. If you want to buy fresh fruit, you won’t go to ________. A. Fruit Store A B. Fruit Store B C. Fruit Store C D. Fruit Store D B When I was young, my mom used to give the family a funny special meal from time to time—she would make breakfast food for dinner. I remember she did so one night. She was at work all day but wanted to do something special for us all. On that evening, my mom put a plate of eggs and burnt (烧焦的) bread in front of my dad. I waited to see if anyone noticed. But my dad just took his bread, smiled at my mom and asked me how my day at school was. I don’t remember what I told him that night. But I remember watching him put butter on that bread. He ate it up as usual. After dinner, I remembered hearing my mom apologize to my dad for burning the bread. I’ll never forget what he said, “Honey, I love burnt bread.” Later that night, I went to kiss Daddy good night. I asked him if he really liked his bread burnt. He hugged me and said, “Your mom worked hard. She’s really tired. And a bit of burnt bread never hurts anyone!” Life is full of imperfect things. Nobody is perfect, either. I’m not the best at anything. I forget birthdays and other important events just like everyone else does. But I’ve learned something important from my father. Understanding is the most important to everyone, whether between husband and wife, parent and child or just between two friends. Remember, burnt bread never hurts anyone. It’s the people with the kind thoughts who make life worth living. 6. The writer’s father ________ during the dinner. A. didn’t take the burnt bread B. ate up the burnt bread C. threw away the burnt bread D. didn’t notice the burnt bread 7. What does the underlined word “apologize” mean? A. 辩白 B. 谢罪 C. 道歉 D. 辩护 8. From what the father said to his son, we know the father________. A. could understand his wife B. always argued with his wife C. was a good cook D. worked hard every day 9. Which is the best title of the passage? A. Life is perfect B. The father and the son C. A big dinner D. Burnt bread never hurts anyone 10. What can we learn from the text? A. The father liked to eat burnt bread. B. The mother was not a good mother and was a little funny. C. Understanding is the basis (基础) of everything. D. Life is perfect, but the father is not. C Maybe you’re used to getting takeaway (外卖) to your home these days. Maybe you and your parents even order pizza sometimes. But the first pizza delivery (递送) in history took place nearly 150 years ago—in Italy. In 1878, Queen Margherita became the first queen of Italy. As the story goes, the queen grew tired of eating “fancy” meals and wanted to eat “common” food. Raffaele Esposito, the most famous pizza cook at that time, was asked to deliver a pizza to the queen. He prepared a pizza with tomatoes, and cheese—the red tomatoes, and white cheese standing for the colors of Italy’s new national flag. As soon as the pizza was out of the oven, he quickly delivered it to the queen himself. The queen had never eaten pizza before and said it was one of the best things she’d ever eaten. Today, pizza is one of the world’s most popular fast foods. In 1973, US pizza company Domino’s Pizza promised (承诺) to deliver its pizzas in “30 minutes or less”—if the pizza was late, it would be free. Little Caesars, another US pizza company, offers a “Hot-N-Ready” pizza at nearly all of its stores. These pizzas are cooked around the clock so that there are always fresh pizzas available. You go to the store, pay $6 (about 42 yuan) and walk out with a fresh pizza with no waiting time. Pizza, it seems, might be the real “fast” food. 11. When was the first pizza delivered? A. 100 years ago B. 500 years ago C. In 1878 D. In 1973. 12. Where was the first pizza delivered? A. In India B. In Italy C. In the US D. In China 13. Why does Little Caesars Company cook the pizzas around the clock? A. The company wants to sell the clock at the same time. B. The clock is invented to make a special pizza. C. People should put $6 into the clock to buy one. D. People can always eat or buy fresh pizza in time. 14. Who was Raffaele Esposito? A. The first Queen of Italy. B. The most famous Italian cook. C. The owner of the American pizza company. D. The man who delivered the pizza to the Queen. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. How is pizza delivered B. The fast food pizza in history C. Delicious pizza now D. How was pizza invented D Different countries have different table manners. If you go to a dinner party in England, ____16____ It’s polite to follow them. If you are a guest, you should wait until your host starts eating or says you should begin. If you don’t want to eat some kinds of food or have some special needs, ____17____ ____18____ so don’t take more food than you need. Before taking your food, you should remember to swallow (吞咽) all the food in your mouth. ____19____ you’d better raise your cup or glass and take only a little. When the host serves something, you should always say thank you. If you are in a restaurant, you’d better pay for your food in a proper way. ____20____ If you finish eating, what should you do to let others know? You should put your knife and fork together on your plate. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，内容完整。 A. you must remember the manners. B. When you drink to someone, C. It’s polite to eat up the food on your plate, D. Putting your money on the plate with the bill is better. E. you’d better tell your host before the dinner party. 二、完形填空（15小题, 每小题1分, 共15分） Lucy was a single mother (单亲母亲). She lived with her little son. She lost her ____21____ two years ago and they had a very hard life. Being ____22____ was terrible. Her heart was broken every time when her son asked, “Can I have some more ____23____ please, Mom?” One day, when her son asked the same question again, she decided to prepare a big meal for him ____24____ the only 6 dollars in her hand. She went to the supermarket, ____25____ some food and cooked it at home. Lucy was a shy mother, ____26____ she was also a strong-minded mother. “It’s time to make a change,” she thought. She once loved writing. To make some money, she ____27____ to write for magazines day and night. Things went ____28____. The local food bank started to provide Lucy with some free vegetables every month. Her son finally had enough food to eat. Once he told Lucy that all the ____29____ she made tasted delicious! Then, an idea came to Lucy’s mind: “Why not ____30____ my recipes (食谱) on the Internet?” From then on, she did it ____31____. Many people liked her recipes and she became ____32____. Soon after that, some reporters interviewed her and asked her to write a book on ____33____. When Lucy got the money for the ____34____ she wrote, she was very happy. Now Lucy has a well-paid job and a beautiful house, but she’ll remember the days forever when she worked hard for a good life, and she thinks all these hard days were ____35____ the effort. 21. A. experience B. spirit C. seat D. job 22. A. sick B. poor C. glad D. tired 23. A. food B. space C. advice D. room 24. A. at B. with C. on D. for 25. A. bought B. tasted C. kept D. found 26. A. if B. so C. but D. because 27. A. hated B. began C. refused D. forgot 28. A. better B. faster C. earlier D. harder 29. A. salad B. dessert C. chicken D. dishes 30. A. try B. improve C. share D. change 31. A. regularly B. finally C. politely D. carelessly 32. A. dangerous B. famous C. comfortable D. serious 33. A. working B. teaching C. cooking D. shopping 34. A. book B. name C. sign D. joke 35. A. worthy B. worth C. made D. ordered 三、词语运用（15小题, 每小题1分, 共15分） 第一节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 be, idea, if, much, also, west, give, eat, hungry, for Snacks are usually not the main food for meals. People have different ____36____ about snacks. Some people think snacks are not good ____37____ children. Some children don’t like ____38____ rice or vegetables, so they often eat snacks. Usually, girls like eating snacks ____39____ than boys. Many parents also think eating too many snacks ____40____ not good for people’s health. But ____41____ people eat some snacks at the right time, snacks can be good for people. Many people think of snacks as a supplement to meals. They can keep people far from being ____42____. People may ____43____ get what their bodies need from snacks. For this, afternoon tea, snack time from 3:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. comes out in ____44____ countries. In China, some schools also have snack time. They will _____45_____ students some time to have afternoon tea. 第二节 阅读短文，根据上下文意思填入所缺单词，每空一词。 If you go to a formal western dinner party for the first time, you’d better know about western table manners. It’s polite ____46____ follow them. When you sit down at the table, take your napkin and put it on your lap. When you start dining, you should keep the fork in your left hand. If you use your knife, then put the fork ____47____ your right hand. The dinner always starts with a small dish. It’s polite to eat up the food on your plate, so don’t take more food ____48____ you need. Maybe you don’t know whether it’s polite or not to speak loudly at the table. The answer is that you should speak quietly and smile a lot. When you drink to someone, you’d better raise your cup ____49____ glass and take only a little. Remember not to drink too much. If you can’t remember these rules, just do ____50____ other people do. 四、补全对话（5小题, 每题2分, 共10分） A: Excuse me. May I ask you some questions? B: Certainly. Go ahead. A: _________51_________? B: I eat them every day. A: Do you like them? B: _________52_________. But doctors say fruit and vegetables are good for my health. A: Do you like junk food? B: _________53_________. But I try not to eat it. A: Why? B: _________54_________. A: How many hours do you sleep every night? B: About eight hours. A: Oh, I think you have healthy living habits. You must be in good health. Thank you for answering my questions. B: _________55_________. 五、写作（20分） 56. 假设你叫Kangkang，请你写信给你的好朋友Michael，谈论你对健康饮食的观点。 要求：1. 格式正确； 2. 内容完整； 3. 不少于80个词。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 八年级第二次素养评价卷 英语试卷 一、阅读理解（20小题, 每小题2分, 共40分） 阅读下面四篇语言材料, 然后按文后要求做题。 A Fruit Store A Business hours: 9: 00 a. m. -8: 30 p. m. Bananas (1 kilo): ￥5.00 Apples (1 kilo): ￥3.80. Watermelons (1 kilo): ￥1.60 Strawberries (1 kilo): ￥4.00 Quality: Very fresh Service: Good Fruit Store B Business hours: 9: 00 a. m. -7: 00 p. m. Bananas (1 kilo): ￥5.20 Apples (1 kilo): ￥3.90 Watermelons (1 kilo): ￥1.40 Strawberries (1 kilo): ￥4.40 Quality: Very fresh Service: Not good Fruit Store C Business hours: 8: 30 a. m. -7: 30 p. m. Bananas (1 kilo): ￥4. 90 Apples (1 kilo): ￥3. 30 Watermelons (1 kilo): ￥1. 68 Strawberries (1 kilo): ￥4. 50 Quality: Not fresh Service: Good Fruit Store D Business hours: 8: 30 a. m. -8: 30 p. m. Bananas (1 kilo): ￥5.00 Apples (1 kilo): ￥3.60 Watermelons (1 kilo): ￥1.70 Strawberries (1 kilo): ￥4.00 Quality: Not bad Service: Bad 1. From the survey results, we know the business hours of ________ are the shortest. A. Fruit Store A B. Fruit Store B C. Fruit Store C D. Fruit Store D 2. The prices of the ________ and ________ in Fruit Store A are the same as those of Fruit Store D. A. bananas; strawberries B. bananas; watermelons C. apples; strawberries D. apples; watermelons 3. The ________ of Fruit Store B is bad. A. fruits B. bananas C. strawberries D. service 4. It’s very necessary for Fruit Store D to ________ in the future. A. make the business time longer B. give better service C. have more kinds of fruits D. cut the prices of fruits 5. If you want to buy fresh fruit, you won’t go to ________. A. Fruit Store A B. Fruit Store B C. Fruit Store C D. Fruit Store D 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 【解析】 【导语】本文通过表格形式对比了四家水果店的营业时间、水果价格、品质和服务情况。 【1题详解】 计算四家店的营业时长： A店：9: 00-20: 30，共11.5小时； B店：9: 00-19: 00，共10小时； C店：8: 30-19: 30，共11小时； D店：8: 30-20: 30，共12小时； 可知B店营业时间最短。 【2题详解】 对比A店和D店的水果价格：A店香蕉5元/千克、草莓4元/千克，D店香蕉同样5元/千克、草莓同样4元/千克，二者价格相同。 【3题详解】 根据表格信息，Fruit Store B的标注是“Service: Not good”，也就是B店的服务不好。 【4题详解】 Fruit Store D的现有情况是：营业时间是四家最长，质量不差，只有服务标注为“Service: Bad”，因此它最需要提升服务。 【5题详解】 看四家店的质量标注，只有Fruit Store C的质量标注为“Quality: Not fresh”，因此买新鲜水果不会去C店。 B When I was young, my mom used to give the family a funny special meal from time to time—she would make breakfast food for dinner. I remember she did so one night. She was at work all day but wanted to do something special for us all. On that evening, my mom put a plate of eggs and burnt (烧焦的) bread in front of my dad. I waited to see if anyone noticed. But my dad just took his bread, smiled at my mom and asked me how my day at school was. I don’t remember what I told him that night. But I remember watching him put butter on that bread. He ate it up as usual. After dinner, I remembered hearing my mom apologize to my dad for burning the bread. I’ll never forget what he said, “Honey, I love burnt bread.” Later that night, I went to kiss Daddy good night. I asked him if he really liked his bread burnt. He hugged me and said, “Your mom worked hard. She’s really tired. And a bit of burnt bread never hurts anyone!” Life is full of imperfect things. Nobody is perfect, either. I’m not the best at anything. I forget birthdays and other important events just like everyone else does. But I’ve learned something important from my father. Understanding is the most important to everyone, whether between husband and wife, parent and child or just between two friends. Remember, burnt bread never hurts anyone. It’s the people with the kind thoughts who make life worth living. 6. The writer’s father ________ during the dinner. A. didn’t take the burnt bread B. ate up the burnt bread C. threw away the burnt bread D. didn’t notice the burnt bread 7. What does the underlined word “apologize” mean? A. 辩白 B. 谢罪 C. 道歉 D. 辩护 8. From what the father said to his son, we know the father________. A. could understand his wife B. always argued with his wife C. was a good cook D. worked hard every day 9. Which is the best title of the passage? A. Life is perfect B. The father and the son C. A big dinner D. Burnt bread never hurts anyone 10. What can we learn from the text? A. The father liked to eat burnt bread. B. The mother was not a good mother and was a little funny. C. Understanding is the basis (基础) of everything. D. Life is perfect, but the father is not. 【答案】6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者小时候妈妈因忙碌烤焦面包，爸爸却温柔包容并吃下，借此传递出理解与善意的重要性。 【6题详解】 根据原文第二段末尾“But I remember watching him put butter on that bread. He ate it up as usual.”可知，爸爸把烤焦的面包吃光了。 【7题详解】 结合语境，妈妈把面包烤焦了，因此她为这件事向爸爸道歉，apologize意为“道歉”，“谢罪”程度过重不符合语境。 【8题详解】 从第三段爸爸的话“Your mom worked hard. She’s really tired. And a bit of burnt bread never hurts anyone!”可以看出，爸爸十分理解妻子的辛苦。 【9题详解】 本文围绕烤焦面包的故事展开，结尾也反复点题“Burnt bread never hurts anyone”，以此传递理解包容的人生道理，其它选项：A与文中“Life is full of imperfect things”不符，B、C偏离文章核心，因此选D。 【10题详解】 根据原文最后一段“Understanding is the most important to everyone”可知，文章强调理解的重要性，告诉我们理解是一切的基础。 C Maybe you’re used to getting takeaway (外卖) to your home these days. Maybe you and your parents even order pizza sometimes. But the first pizza delivery (递送) in history took place nearly 150 years ago—in Italy. In 1878, Queen Margherita became the first queen of Italy. As the story goes, the queen grew tired of eating “fancy” meals and wanted to eat “common” food. Raffaele Esposito, the most famous pizza cook at that time, was asked to deliver a pizza to the queen. He prepared a pizza with tomatoes, and cheese—the red tomatoes, and white cheese standing for the colors of Italy’s new national flag. As soon as the pizza was out of the oven, he quickly delivered it to the queen himself. The queen had never eaten pizza before and said it was one of the best things she’d ever eaten. Today, pizza is one of the world’s most popular fast foods. In 1973, US pizza company Domino’s Pizza promised (承诺) to deliver its pizzas in “30 minutes or less”—if the pizza was late, it would be free. Little Caesars, another US pizza company, offers a “Hot-N-Ready” pizza at nearly all of its stores. These pizzas are cooked around the clock so that there are always fresh pizzas available. You go to the store, pay $6 (about 42 yuan) and walk out with a fresh pizza with no waiting time. Pizza, it seems, might be the real “fast” food. 11. When was the first pizza delivered? A. 100 years ago B. 500 years ago C. In 1878 D. In 1973. 12. Where was the first pizza delivered? A. In India B. In Italy C. In the US D. In China 13. Why does Little Caesars Company cook the pizzas around the clock? A. The company wants to sell the clock at the same time. B. The clock is invented to make a special pizza. C. People should put $6 into the clock to buy one. D. People can always eat or buy fresh pizza in time. 14. Who was Raffaele Esposito? A. The first Queen of Italy. B. The most famous Italian cook. C. The owner of the American pizza company. D. The man who delivered the pizza to the Queen. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. How is pizza delivered B. The fast food pizza in history C. Delicious pizza now D. How was pizza invented 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. D 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了披萨外卖的起源与发展，讲述了1878年意大利首次披萨递送，以及现代披萨品牌的快速服务。 【11题详解】 第二段“In 1878, Queen Margherita became...Raffaele Esposito, the most famous pizza cook at that time, was asked to deliver a pizza to the queen.”，说明第一次披萨递送发生在1878年。 【12题详解】 第一段最后一句“But the first pizza delivery (递送) in history took place nearly 150 years ago—in Italy.”，直接指出史上第一次披萨递送发生在意大利。 【13题详解】 倒数第二段“These pizzas are cooked around the clock so that there are always fresh pizzas available...with no waiting time”，提到Little Caesars公司全天候制作披萨，目的是随时都有新鲜披萨供应，顾客不用等待就能买到，对应D选项。 【14题详解】 根据第二段“Raffaele Esposito, the most famous pizza cook at that time, was asked to deliver a pizza to the queen. ... As soon as the pizza was out of the oven, he quickly delivered it to the queen himself.”可知，Raffaele Esposito是当时最著名的披萨厨师，也是亲自给女王送披萨的人，B表述不准确，选D。 【15题详解】 全文从历史上第一次披萨外送起源讲起，再讲到现代披萨作为快餐的配送发展，核心是介绍作为快餐的披萨的发展历史。 D Different countries have different table manners. If you go to a dinner party in England, ____16____ It’s polite to follow them. If you are a guest, you should wait until your host starts eating or says you should begin. If you don’t want to eat some kinds of food or have some special needs, ____17____ ____18____ so don’t take more food than you need. Before taking your food, you should remember to swallow (吞咽) all the food in your mouth. ____19____ you’d better raise your cup or glass and take only a little. When the host serves something, you should always say thank you. If you are in a restaurant, you’d better pay for your food in a proper way. ____20____ If you finish eating, what should you do to let others know? You should put your knife and fork together on your plate. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，内容完整。 A. you must remember the manners. B. When you drink to someone, C. It’s polite to eat up the food on your plate, D. Putting your money on the plate with the bill is better. E. you’d better tell your host before the dinner party. 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了不同国家的餐桌礼仪，重点讲解了英国晚宴及餐厅用餐的礼貌行为规范，旨在引导读者遵循礼仪、文明用餐。 【16题详解】 空前讲去英国参加晚宴，空后说遵循这些礼仪是礼貌的，A选项“you must remember the manners”承上启下，引出下文的礼仪细节，空后them指代manners，逻辑通顺。 【17题详解】 前文提到“不想吃某些食物或有特殊需求”，E选项“you’d better tell your host before the dinner party”给出了对应的礼貌做法，衔接自然。 【18题详解】 空后说因此不要拿超过你需要的食物，C选项“It’s polite to eat up the food on your plate”，正好解释为什么不要多拿，因果逻辑通顺。 【19题详解】 空后提到举起酒杯只喝一点，B选项“When you drink to someone”，引出下文饮酒的礼仪，符合语境。 【20题详解】 空前说在餐厅最好用合适的方式付钱，D选项“Putting your money on the plate with the bill is better.”，正好介绍正确的付账方式。 二、完形填空（15小题, 每小题1分, 共15分） Lucy was a single mother (单亲母亲). She lived with her little son. She lost her ____21____ two years ago and they had a very hard life. Being ____22____ was terrible. Her heart was broken every time when her son asked, “Can I have some more ____23____ please, Mom?” One day, when her son asked the same question again, she decided to prepare a big meal for him ____24____ the only 6 dollars in her hand. She went to the supermarket, ____25____ some food and cooked it at home. Lucy was a shy mother, ____26____ she was also a strong-minded mother. “It’s time to make a change,” she thought. She once loved writing. To make some money, she ____27____ to write for magazines day and night. Things went ____28____. The local food bank started to provide Lucy with some free vegetables every month. Her son finally had enough food to eat. Once he told Lucy that all the ____29____ she made tasted delicious! Then, an idea came to Lucy’s mind: “Why not ____30____ my recipes (食谱) on the Internet?” From then on, she did it ____31____. Many people liked her recipes and she became ____32____. Soon after that, some reporters interviewed her and asked her to write a book on ____33____. When Lucy got the money for the ____34____ she wrote, she was very happy. Now Lucy has a well-paid job and a beautiful house, but she’ll remember the days forever when she worked hard for a good life, and she thinks all these hard days were ____35____ the effort. 21. A. experience B. spirit C. seat D. job 22. A. sick B. poor C. glad D. tired 23. A. food B. space C. advice D. room 24. A. at B. with C. on D. for 25. A. bought B. tasted C. kept D. found 26. A. if B. so C. but D. because 27. A. hated B. began C. refused D. forgot 28. A. better B. faster C. earlier D. harder 29. A. salad B. dessert C. chicken D. dishes 30. A. try B. improve C. share D. change 31. A. regularly B. finally C. politely D. carelessly 32. A. dangerous B. famous C. comfortable D. serious 33. A. working B. teaching C. cooking D. shopping 34. A. book B. name C. sign D. joke 35. A. worthy B. worth C. made D. ordered 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了单亲妈妈Lucy在失业后生活困顿，为了儿子努力改变现状，通过分享食谱、写作最终获得成功的故事。 【21题详解】 句意：她两年前失去了工作，生活过得很艰难。 根据后文“they had a very hard life”可知，Lucy失去工作后生活变得困苦，job符合。 【22题详解】 句意：贫穷的生活很糟糕。 前文提到她失业、生活艰难，因此此处指“贫穷的”状态，poor“贫穷的”。 【23题详解】 句意：每次儿子问“妈妈，我能再要点食物吗？”，她的心都碎了。 后文提到她去买食物做饭，可知儿子索要的是food“食物”。 【24题详解】 句意：有一天，当儿子又一次问出同样的问题时，她决定用手里仅有的 6 美元，给他准备一顿丰盛的饭。 根据语境，此处指用仅有的6美元准备大餐，with表示“用”，符合语境。 【25题详解】 句意：她去超市买了些食物，然后在家做了饭。 根据“went to the supermarket”，对应的动作是bought“买”食物。 【26题详解】 句意：Lucy是个害羞的妈妈，但她也是个意志坚强的妈妈。 前半句说Lucy害羞，后半句说她意志坚强，前后句是转折关系，用but。 【27题详解】 句意：为了赚钱，她开始日夜为杂志写稿。 根据语境，为了赚钱改变生活，她开始日夜给杂志写稿，began“开始”，符合题意。 【28题详解】 句意：情况开始好转。 后文提到当地食品银行开始给她提供免费蔬菜，说明生活变“更好”了，better“更好”。 【29题详解】 句意：有一次他告诉Lucy，她做的所有菜都很美味！ 前文提到她为儿子做饭，因此儿子评价的是她做的“菜肴”，dishes泛指菜肴。 【30题详解】 句意：为什么不在网上分享我的食谱呢？ 根据后文“Many people liked her recipes”可知，她的想法是把食谱放到网上share“分享”给大家。 【31题详解】 句意：从那以后，她定期这么做。 根据后文她因此成名，说明她是“定期”分享食谱，regularly“定期地”，符合语境。 【32题详解】 句意：很多人喜欢她的食谱，她也因此出名了。 前文说很多人喜欢她的食谱，后文也提到记者采访她，可知她变得“有名”了，famous“出名的”。 【33题详解】 句意：不久之后，一些记者采访了她，并请她写一本关于烹饪的书。 前文她分享的是食谱，因此书的主题是cooking“烹饪”。 【34题详解】 句意：当Lucy拿到她写的书的稿酬时，她非常开心。 前文提到记者请她写书，因此她得到的是“书”的稿酬，book“书”。 【35题详解】 句意：现在露西有了一份高薪工作和一栋漂亮的房子，但她会永远铭记那些为了美好生活而努力奋斗的日子，她认为所有这些艰难的时光都是值得的。 固定搭配be worth the effort表示“值得付出努力”。worthy后通常接of，made“制作”、ordered“预定”均不符合用法。 三、词语运用（15小题, 每小题1分, 共15分） 第一节 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 be, idea, if, much, also, west, give, eat, hungry, for Snacks are usually not the main food for meals. People have different ____36____ about snacks. Some people think snacks are not good ____37____ children. Some children don’t like ____38____ rice or vegetables, so they often eat snacks. Usually, girls like eating snacks ____39____ than boys. Many parents also think eating too many snacks ____40____ not good for people’s health. But ____41____ people eat some snacks at the right time, snacks can be good for people. Many people think of snacks as a supplement to meals. They can keep people far from being ____42____. People may ____43____ get what their bodies need from snacks. For this, afternoon tea, snack time from 3:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. comes out in ____44____ countries. In China, some schools also have snack time. They will _____45_____ students some time to have afternoon tea. 【答案】36. ideas 37. for 38. eating 39. more 40. is 41. if 42. hungry 43. also 44. Western 45. give 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了人们对零食的不同看法，说明适量适时吃零食有益健康，部分国家和学校也设有零食时间。 【36题详解】 句意：人们对零食有不同的看法。different后接可数名词复数，此处表示“不同的看法”，用idea的复数形式ideas。 【37题详解】 句意：有些人认为零食对孩子不好。be good for意为“对……有好处”，固定短语。 【38题详解】 句意：有些孩子不喜欢吃米饭或蔬菜，所以他们经常吃零食。like doing sth表示“喜欢做某事”，空处用动名词作宾语。此处表示“不喜欢吃米饭或蔬菜”，用eat的动名词形式eating。 【39题详解】 句意：通常，女孩比男孩更喜欢吃零食。than是比较级的标志词，much的比较级为more，修饰动词like eating snacks，表示“更喜欢”，符合语境。 【40题详解】 句意：许多家长也认为吃太多零食对人们的健康不好。空处缺少谓语动词，be good for意为“对……有好处”，所以空处用be动词。动名词短语作主语，谓语be动词用单数形式，一般现在时中用is。 【41题详解】 句意：但如果人们在合适的时间吃一些零食，零食对人是有好处的。前后句为条件关系，用if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。 【42题详解】 句意：它们可以让人们远离饥饿。be动词后接形容词作表语，此处表示“远离饥饿”，hungry“饥饿的”，符合题意。 【43题详解】 句意：人们也可以从零食中获得身体所需的东西。空处需填一个副词，放在情态动词may之后，实义动词get之前，副词also表“也”，符合语境。 【44题详解】 句意：因此，下午茶，也就是下午3点到5点的零食时间，在西方国家出现了。此处修饰名词countries，需要用形容词，west的形容词形式western表示“西方的”，in Western countries意为“在西方国家”。 【45题详解】 句意：他们会给学生一些时间喝下午茶。 will后接动词原形，give sb. sth.表示“给某人某物”，符合题意。 第二节 阅读短文，根据上下文意思填入所缺单词，每空一词。 If you go to a formal western dinner party for the first time, you’d better know about western table manners. It’s polite ____46____ follow them. When you sit down at the table, take your napkin and put it on your lap. When you start dining, you should keep the fork in your left hand. If you use your knife, then put the fork ____47____ your right hand. The dinner always starts with a small dish. It’s polite to eat up the food on your plate, so don’t take more food ____48____ you need. Maybe you don’t know whether it’s polite or not to speak loudly at the table. The answer is that you should speak quietly and smile a lot. When you drink to someone, you’d better raise your cup ____49____ glass and take only a little. Remember not to drink too much. If you can’t remember these rules, just do ____50____ other people do. 【答案】46. to 47. in 48. than 49. or 50. as 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了正式西式晚宴中的餐桌礼仪，包括餐具使用、用餐规范及注意事项。 【46题详解】 句意：遵循它们是有礼貌的。固定句型It’s polite to do sth.表示“做某事是有礼貌的”，填不定式to。 【47题详解】 句意：如果你使用刀，那么把叉子放在你的左手里。前文提到用餐时刀叉的使用方式“...in your right hand”，此处表达“把叉子放在左手”，用介词in。 【48题详解】 句意：吃光盘子里的食物是有礼貌的，所以不要拿超过你需要的食物。此处是形容词比较级结构more...than，more food than you need表示“比你需要的更多的食物”。 【49题详解】 句意：当你向某人敬酒时，你最好举起你的杯子或玻璃杯，只喝一小口。此处表示选择关系，cup和glass是并列的两种容器，用连词or表示“或者”。 【50题详解】 句意：如果你记不住这些规则，就照着别人做的去做。此处表示“就按照其他人做的方式做”，as表示“按照、正如”，引导方式状语，符合语义，因此填as。 四、补全对话（5小题, 每题2分, 共10分） A: Excuse me. May I ask you some questions? B: Certainly. Go ahead. A: _________51_________? B: I eat them every day. A: Do you like them? B: _________52_________. But doctors say fruit and vegetables are good for my health. A: Do you like junk food? B: _________53_________. But I try not to eat it. A: Why? B: _________54_________. A: How many hours do you sleep every night? B: About eight hours. A: Oh, I think you have healthy living habits. You must be in good health. Thank you for answering my questions. B: _________55_________. 【答案】51. How often do you eat fruit and vegetables 52. No, I don’t 53. Yes, I do 54. Because it is bad for my health 55. You’re welcome 【解析】 【导语】本文是一段采访，主要围绕健康习惯，询问了饮食偏好和作息情况。 【51题详解】 根据下句回答“I eat them every day”和后文提到的“fruit and vegetables”可知，这里问吃果蔬的频率，疑问词how often对频率提问，故填How often do you eat fruit and vegetables。 【52题详解】 上文是do开头的一般疑问句“Do you like them?”，后文转折说医生说果蔬有益健康，可知此处是否定回答，表示“不喜欢”，故填No, I don’t。 【53题详解】 上文是do开头的一般疑问句“Do you like junk food?”，后文转折说“但我尽量不吃”，可知此处是肯定回答，表示“我喜欢”，故填Yes, I do。 【54题详解】 问句“Why?”是询问为什么尽量不吃垃圾食品，结合常识，垃圾食品对健康有害，故填Because it is bad for my health。 【55题详解】 上一句A说“Thank you for answering my questions.”，礼貌回应感谢的常用表达是You’re welcome。 五、写作（20分） 56. 假设你叫Kangkang，请你写信给你的好朋友Michael，谈论你对健康饮食的观点。 要求：1. 格式正确； 2. 内容完整； 3. 不少于80个词。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Michael, How is everything going? I’d like to share my ideas about healthy eating with you. I think healthy eating is really important. We should eat more vegetables and fruit every day. They are good for our bodies. Also, we should have three meals on time. We should try not to eat too much junk food, like hamburgers or fried food. They are bad for our health. If we eat healthily, we will stay strong. I hope you can keep a healthy eating habit too. Yours, Kangkang 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：立意审题] 确定文体：应用文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：提出健康饮食的重要性、说明健康饮食的做法（多吃蔬果、少吃垃圾食品等）、表达对朋友的建议与祝福 确定人称：第一人称为主 注意事项：书信格式正确（称呼、正文、结束语、署名），不少于80词 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：问候朋友，引出“健康饮食”的话题 主体段：具体阐述健康饮食的观点（吃健康食物、少吃垃圾食品、规律三餐） 结尾段：再次强调健康饮食的好处，提出建议并表达祝福。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：问候并引出话题 常用问候语：How is everything going these days? / How are you? 话题引入表达：I’d like to share my ideas about healthy eating with you. / I want to talk about healthy eating habits. 要点二：具体阐述健康饮食的观点 健康饮食的做法：eat more vegetables and fruit / have three meals on time / try not to eat too much junk food / drink enough water every day 表达句式：We should eat more vegetables and fruit because... / It’s important to have three meals on time every day. / We should try not to eat too much junk food like... / Drinking enough water every day helps our bodies work well. 健康饮食的好处：keep healthy / stay strong / have enough energy / keep fit / not get sick easily 等 要点三：给朋友的建议与祝福 建议表达：I hope you can keep a healthy eating habit too. / You should try to eat more healthy food. 祝福语：Wish you good health! / I hope you will be healthy and happy. / Looking forward to your reply. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $