内容正文:
动词专项
动词时态语态3(将来时)
高中英语语法全攻略
CONTENTS
语法详解
01
阅读理解长难句
02
语法填空考查
03
写作应用
04
一般将来时典型用法
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
1.will/shall do表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,是最常见的一般将来时表达形式。
We shall leave for Beijing next Monday.我们下周一将动身去北京。
I will help you with your homework this evening.今晚我会帮你做作业。
2. be going to do也是一般将来时表达方式,表示推测时强调说话有充分依据,尤指天气变化。
Look at those dark clouds—it is going to rain soon.看那些乌云,马上要下雨了。
3. “be about to+动词原形”表示打算或据安排即将发生的动作。它不与表示时间的副词或其他时间状语连用。
She is about to speak—please be quiet.她马上要发言了 —— 请安静。
段际的逻辑连贯
用法拓展:
注意will do还可以表示不以人的意志为转移的自然规律;表示临时性决定或打算,还可以用于“祈使句 + and + 陈述句”中。
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
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一般将来时典型用法
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
4.“be to+动词原形”表示约定的、计划中的或按职责、义务要求要发生的动作,这种动作通常是人的意志所能控制的,或用于征求意见。
The new library is to open to the public next week.新图书馆定于下周向公众开放。
You are to report to the manager as soon as you arrive.你一到就必须向经理报到。
5. come, go, leave, start, move, arrive等位置转移的动词现在进行时表将来。
The train is coming in five minutes—hurry up!火车五分钟后就到了 —— 快点!
She is returning to her hometown next month.她下个月要回老家。
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一般将来进行时用法
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
一般将来进行时典型用法
注意
将来进行时表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作,常用的时间状语有by this time tomorrow等等。
At 7 p.m. tomorrow, I will be having dinner with my family.
明天晚上 7 点,我会正和家人吃晚饭。
When you arrive at the party, we will be dancing to the music.
你到派对时,我们会正随着音乐跳舞。
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
5
将来完成时典型用法
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
By next July, I will have lived in this city for 10 years.
By the time the concert starts, they will have sold all the tickets.
1.
一般将来完成时(will have done)表示将来某一时间或动作发生之前已经完成的动作,通常与before或by, by the end of, by the time…等结构连用。
He thought they would have arrived in Paris by that time.
If we had started earlier, we would have reached the destination by sunset.
2.
过去将来完成时(would have done)表示将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作,多与宾语从句和虚拟语气连用。
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
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易混易错
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
一般过去时和现在完成时的误用
例1.
I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I __________ too busy.
A. was B. had been C. would be D. would have been
错因分析
此题容易误选B或D,认为前句用了had hoped,这里是表示"我本来希望去车站为她送行的,但是我太忙了",忙是过去的一个事实,而B是过去完成时,表示过去的过去发生的动作;D项的"would have been"是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是"本来会做",均与语境不符,所以此处不能选B或D。
前一句谓语用的是had hoped,表示的是过去未曾实现的想法或打算,可以译为"本想",而后一句说"我太忙",这是陈述过去的一个事实,所以要用一般过去时。
A
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易混易错
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
一般过去时和过去进行时的误用
例2.
She ________ to someone on the phone, so I just nodded to her and went away.
A. talked B. has talked C. had talked D. was talking
错因分析
有些考生看到nodded就马上想到要用一般过去时,于是误选A。根据句意可知,这里表示我看到她的时候,打电话这一动作正在进行,因此要用过去进行时。
考查时态。句意:她正在和别人通电话,所以我只是向她点点头就走了。此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,所以用过去进行时态,故选D。
D
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8
易混易错
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
一般过去时和过去完成时的误用
例3.
Did you have difficulty finding Ann’ house?
—Not really. She ______________ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.
A. was to give B. had given C. was giving D. would give
错因分析
一些考生可能会在做本题时,看到were able to就想当然地认为这里应该用一般过去时,在分析了语境之后,我们可以知道give发生在过去的过去,因此要用过去完成时。
句意:——你觉得找到安娜家的位置困难么?——不会。她告诉我们很清晰的方向,并且我们很容易就找到了。根据题干可知,安娜告诉他们方向发生在他们找到她家之前,因此,发生在过去动作之前的动作要采用过去完成时。故选B。
B
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9
易混易错
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
一般现在时表示将来的误用
例4.
He is very busy. I don’t know if he ________________ or not tomorrow.
A. come B. comes C. will come D. is coming
错因分析
此题容易误选 B,认为if引导的是条件状语从句,从句谓语要遵循"主将从现"原则,即要用一般现在时表示将来意义。其实,句中 if引导的不是条件状语从句(即 if≠如果),而是宾语从句(即 if=是否)。
句意:他很忙,我不知道明天他是否会来。if在此表示"是否",引导的是宾语从句,结合语境可知,come是将来发生的动作,因此要用一般将来时。
C
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10
易混易错
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
被动语态和主动语态的误用
例5.
—Do you like the material?
—Yes, it _____________ very soft.
A. is feeling C. feels B. felt D. is felt
错因分析
此题容易误选 D,想当然地根据"这布料摸起来很柔软"这一句意,认为"布料"应是"被摸",所以feel选用了被动语态。
因为feel在此为连系动词,而连系动词均为不及物动词,不能用于被动语态,尽管有时其汉语意思有被动意味,但要用主动形式表示被动含义。
C
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高考动词时态语态考情
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
卷别 现在时 过去时 将来时(含被动)
2025全国一卷 are revealed; tries
2025全国二卷 is
2025北京卷 are achieved had made, left
2024新课标I卷 walks
2024新课标II卷 were;was built
2024全国甲卷 were (should) be done
2024北京卷 gives was named; joggged
2023新高考II卷 wished
2023全国甲卷 become改为becomes make改为made (can) be employed
2023全国乙卷 was amazed
2023全国北京卷 has established had arrived would throw
2022新高考I卷 is designed were
2022新高考II卷 were fixing; threw
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高考动词时态语态考情
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
卷别 现在时 过去时 将来时(含被动)
2022全国甲卷 has walked was-were; become-became
2022全国乙卷 lives-live; 去have后been addressed
2022北京卷 has; has increased
2021新高考I卷 was
2021新高考II卷 was
2021全国甲卷 are改为is was built; hired
2021全国乙卷 删去are
2021北京卷 connects
2020全国I卷 means; is constructed touched
2020全国II卷 carries start改为started
2020全国III卷 had改成have pointed (would) be chosen
2020新高考卷 are called; is formed
2019全国I卷 has reported;are
1.动词时态是语法填空题必考点,每份试卷考查1-2次;
2.一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时是三大考查重点;
3.掌握每种动词时态的用法要点及固定句式是核心任务和突破点。
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动词时态语态(将来时)
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
长难句
Next weekend at this time, the entire family will be gathering at our grandparents’ house, enjoying a delicious homemade meal.
翻译句子
下周末的这个时候,全家人将聚集在我们祖父母家,享受一顿美味的自制大餐。
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
14
动词时态语态(将来时)
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
长难句
I’m not available at three o’clock this Saturday. I will be wandering in the park with my daughter, which is a special time for her.
翻译句子
这个星期六三点钟我没空。我会和我的女儿在公园里闲逛,这对她来说是一个特殊的时刻。
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
15
动词时态语态(将来时)
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
长难句
I’m not available at three o’clock this Saturday. I will be wandering in the park with my daughter, which is a special time for her.
翻译句子
这个星期六三点钟我没空。我会和我的女儿在公园里闲逛,这对她来说是一个特殊的时刻。
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
16
动词时态语态(将来时)
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
长难句
I will have visited all 50 U.S. states by my 13th birthday next month, becoming the youngest person ever to do so.
翻译句子
到下个月我13岁生日时,我将访问美国所有50个州,成为有史以来访问过美国50个州的最年轻的人。
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
考查动词的时态
Mr. Jones can’t participate in our party at 8 o’clock this evening because he a lecture then. (deliver)
句意:琼斯先生今晚8点不能参加我们的晚会,因为那时他要发表演讲。设空处是because引导的原因状语从句的谓语动词,结合句中的in our party at 8 o’clock this evening以及then为将来进行时的时间标志,表示动作在未来的某一刻正在发生。故填will be delivering。
will be delivering
动词时态语态(将来时)
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
考查动词的时态
If the trend continues, by 2050, the world (lose) two-thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity.
句意:如果这一趋势继续下去,到2050年,世界将失去三分之二的脊椎动物的生物多样性。分析可知,设空处为谓语,根据时间状语by 2050,可知表示对将来造成的影响,所以用将来完成时,故填will have lost。
will have lost
动词时态语态(将来时)
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
考查动词的时态
Caring for the environment is becoming more and more important, because the earth’s natural resources _________________ (run) out.
句意:关心环境变得越来越重要,因为地球的自然资源就要耗尽了。由“the earth’s natural resources”可知,句子表示“关心环境变得越来越重要,因为地球的自然资源就要耗尽了”,run out用现在进行时表示将来,主语resources是复数,因此空格处是are running。
are running
动词时态语态(将来时)
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
考查动词的时态
In the past few years, online learning (become) a significant part of the university and college experience.
句意:在过去的几年里,在线学习已经成为大学和学院体验中一个重要的部分。根据时间状语In the past few years可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语online learning是第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has become。
has become
动词时态语态(将来时)
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动词时态语态(将来时)
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 技巧01
将来时态基础用法
1. will / shall + 动词原形
最通用的将来时表达。shall 多用于第一人称I/We的正式书面、疑问句中,表征求意见;will 适用于所有人称,表主观意愿、临时决定、预测、客观趋势。
例句:I will help you with your English composition after school.
2. be going to + 动词原形
侧重强调事先计划、打算好的动作,或根据现有迹象、证据做出的推测。
例句:We are going to hold a charity sale next weekend to help poor students.
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
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动词时态语态(将来时)
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 技巧01
将来时态基础用法
3. 现在进行时表将来(be + doing)
仅限表示位置移动、行程安排的短暂性动词,如go, come, leave, arrive, start, fly等,通常有明确的时间状语,表按计划即将发生。
例句:My cousin is arriving in Wuhan tomorrow morning.
4. 一般现在时表将来
用于时间表、日程表、客观规定,以及时间、条件状语从句中,替代将来时。
例句:The school sports meeting begins at 8:00 a.m. next Friday.
从句例句:I will tell you the result as soon as I get it.
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动词时态语态(将来时)
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 技巧02
应用文(书信、通知、演讲稿)
应用文是将来时态使用高频文体,核心是表达计划、邀请、建议、承诺。
1. 通知、活动策划:优先使用 be going to、现在进行时、一般现在时,突出活动的计划性、确定性。
适用句式:Our school is going to organize a summer camp. / The lecture starts at 2 p.m. this Saturday.
2. 建议信、求助信:多用 will,表达自己的意愿、承诺、提出的可行方案。
适用句式:I will follow your valuable advice and make continuous progress.
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动词时态语态(将来时)
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 技巧03
记叙文(故事、日记、游记)
1. 回忆类记叙文:以过去时态为主,将来时态仅用于回忆中“当时的计划、对未来的展望”。
示例:I thought I would visit the museum the next day.(过去将来时,高中进阶考点)
2. 畅想类、规划类记叙文:通篇以 will、be going to 为主,描绘未来的场景、计划。
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动词时态语态(将来时)
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 技巧04
议论文
议论文中将来时,多用于提出展望、预测趋势、发出倡议,通常放在文章结尾,升华主旨。
避免全文大量使用将来时,论证部分以一般现在时为主。
示例:If we take action now, our environment will become better and better.
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 翻译01
将来进行时和将来完成时
At this time next week, we will be taking part in an important international English speech contest and will have finished all the preparations.
下周这个时候,我们将正在参加一场重要的国际英语演讲比赛,并且会已经完成了所有的准备工作。
语法剖析
◦ At this time next week 是明确的将来时间状语,指向将来某一具体时刻。
◦ 将来进行时:will be doing:强调在将来特定时间,动作正在进行,此处对应“将正在参加”。
◦ 将来完成时:will have done:表示在将来某一时间之前,动作已经完成,此处对应“会已经完成”。
动词时态语态(将来时)
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 翻译02
一般将来时
The community library to be built next month will provide local residents with abundant books and a comfortable reading environment.
下个月即将建成的社区图书馆,将会为当地居民提供丰富的书籍以及舒适的阅读环境。
语法剖析
◦ 句子用非谓语动词表将来,结合一般将来时,构成复杂的将来时态表达。
◦ 不定式 to be done:作后置定语,to be built 表示“即将被建造的”,被动语态,体现将来和被动的双重含义。
◦ 句子主干使用一般将来时 will provide,说明图书馆未来的功能。
动词时态语态(将来时)
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 翻译03
一般将来时
By the end of this year, we will have learned at least 3,500 core senior high school English words, which will lay a solid foundation for our college English study.
到今年年底,我们将已经学习了至少3500个高中英语核心单词,这将为我们的大学英语学习打下坚实的基础。
语法剖析
◦ By the end of this year(到今年年底)是将来完成时的标志性时间状语,结构为 will have done,强调截止将来某一时间点动作的完成。
◦ 后半句为非限制性定语从句,which 指代前面整句话的内容,从句描述将来的结果,使用一般将来时 will do。
动词时态语态(将来时)
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 翻译04
一般将来时
It is reported that the famous scientist will give an online lecture about artificial intelligence to all the teachers and students in our school next month.
据报道,这位著名的科学家下个月将要给我们学校的全体师生做一场关于人工智能的线上讲座。
语法剖析
◦ 主句为固定句型 It is reported that...(据报道……),主句用一般现在时,从句描述将来的计划,使用一般将来时 will do。
◦ 句中 next month 是典型的将来时间状语,是使用一般将来时的核心标志。
◦ 该句式是高考书面表达、阅读理解的高频句型,可替换为 It is said/ believed/ announced that。
动词时态语态(将来时)
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高中英语语法全攻略
Thank You !
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