专题11 动词专项之动词时态语态2（过去时）(课件)-高中英语语法全攻略

动词专项 动词时态语态2（过去时） 高中英语语法全攻略 CONTENTS 语法详解 01 阅读理解长难句 02 语法填空考查 03 写作应用 04 一般过去时典型用法 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 The company launched a new product last year.公司去年推出了新产品。 He didn’t go to school yesterday because he was sick. 1. 一般过去时表示过去已发生的动作，并有明确的时间状语，如yesterday, last week, in 2024。 When I was a child, I often played soccer in the street. They didn’t always agree with each other when they worked together. 2. 一般过去时表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作，常与often等频度副词连用。 I wish I didn’t have to work today.我倒希望今天不用上班。 I wish she had more free time.我倒希望她有更多空闲时间。 3. I wish that…表示“我倒希望……”，从句与现在事实相反用一般过去时。 Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 3 一般过去时典型用法 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 It’s high time the government took action to reduce pollution. It is time that schools should teach students practical life skills. 4. It is (high) time that…“早该……”，从句用一般过去时或should do。 I would rather (that) it were sunny tomorrow.我倒宁愿明天是晴天。 5. I would rather that…表示“我倒宁愿……”，与现在、将来事实相反均用一般过去时。 If only he were here with me now.（要是他现在和我在一起就好了。 6. If only…“要是……该多好！”，从句与现在事实相反用一般过去时。 If I were a doctor, I would help more people.要是我是医生，我会帮助更多人。 7. If虚拟条件句与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时。 Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 4 过去进行时典型用法 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 1.过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，往往有明确时间状语at 7:00 last night。 At 7:00 last night, I was watching a documentary on TV.昨晚 7 点，我正在看电视上的纪录片。 2. 过去进行时还表示过去一段时间内频繁发生或一直进行的动作，伴随有时间状语this morning, yesterday。 While I was studying in my room, my brother was playing video games downstairs. 我在房间学习时，弟弟在楼下玩电子游戏。 3. go, come, leave等瞬间动词用于过去进行时表示将要发生动作。 The train was leaving at 6:00 a.m., so we had to hurry.火车原定早上 6 点出发，所以我们得加快。 Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 5 过去进行时典型用法 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 4. 过去进行时与as, when, while等状语从句呼应，表示另一动作发生的背景。 While they were waiting for the bus, it started raining.他们等公交时，开始下雨了。 As the weather was getting colder, we were preparing for winter.随着天气变冷，我们在为冬天做准备。 5. 频度副词如 always, forever, continually, constantly 与过去进行时连用时，通过重复的动作传递强烈的感情色彩，如赞扬、喜爱、抱怨、不满、不耐烦等。 She was always changing her mind. 她总是改变主意。 In the past he was constantly asking me for money. 过去他总是不停要钱。 Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 6 过去完成时典型用法 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 1. 表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成，核心是“过去的过去”。 By 9 o'clock last night, I had finished my homework.昨晚 9 点前，我已经做完作业了。 After they had discussed the plan for hours, they finally made a decision. 2. 与before, until, when, than连用，表示在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成。 The rain had stopped before we started our hike.我们开始徒步前，雨已经停了。 When I called her, she had already left for the airport. 3. intend, mean, plan, want等动词过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而未做的事。 I had intended to call you yesterday, but I got stuck in traffic. He had meant to apologize for his words, but he didn’t have the courage. Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 7 过去完成时典型用法 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 4. It was the first time that…句型that从句用过去完成时。 It was the first time that she hadn’t finished her homework on time.那是她第一次没有按时完成作业。 5. hardly…when…和no sooner… than…句型主句用过去完成时。 Hardly had she finished her speech when the audience burst into applause. No sooner had he opened the door than a cat rushed out. 6. If虚拟条件句，I wish that…, If only…, I’d rather that…等从句表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。 If only we had started the project sooner.要是我们早点启动项目就好了。 I’d rather you had told me the news earlier.我宁愿你早点告诉我这个消息。 Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 8 过去将来时典型用法 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 I thought I should/would fail the exam, but I passed. When I was a child, my father would read me stories before bed. 1. “should/would +动词原形”表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作，多用于主从复合句中。 I was about to leave the house when it started raining heavily. He was about to win the race when he tripped and fell. 2. was/were about to do…when…表示“正要……这时发生另一件事”。 Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 9 过去将来时典型用法 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 The new law was to take effect on January 1st of that year. Little did he know that this decision was to change his life forever. 4. was/were to do强调计划性，“将要做某事”。 She was going to the supermarket when I met her yesterday. The train was leaving in five minutes, so we ran to the platform. 3. go, come leave等动词的过去进行时表示将要发生的动作。 Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 10 如何区分谓语和非谓语 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 11 如何区分谓语和非谓语 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 理解： 双无—一个句子无谓语，无连接词，所给动词应考虑填谓语。 双有—一个句子有谓语，且有连接词，所给动词应考虑填谓语。 有谓无连—一个句子有谓语，但是后边动词所在句子无连接词，考虑非谓语。 解释： 句子谓语三种类型：单谓语、双谓语（A and B）或三谓语（A, B and C） 区分谓语和非谓语关键在于长难句分析：括号法-（从句）（非谓语）（介词短语）（名词短语） 单谓语：Ordinary soap can deal with bacteria effectively. 双谓语：Our hosts shared many of their experiences and recommended wonderful places to visit. 三谓语：On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, bought some bananas and visited her cousin.  Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 12 【跟踪训练】 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 1. The guide ________ (lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. 2. The guide ________ (lead) the way, so we had no trouble getting out of the forest. 3. ________ (call) me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result. 4. ________ (call) me tomorrow, I’ll let you know the lab result. 5. He volunteered to help control traffic, ________ (donate) an hour of his time every week. 6. He volunteered to help control traffic, and ___________ (donate) an hour of his time every week. 7.There __________ no bus, we had to walk home. 8.There ______ no bus and we had to walk home. 9. Jim was listening attentively to the lecture, and all his attention ____________ (fix) on it. leading led Call Calling donating donated being was was fixed Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 13 动词时态语态（过去时） 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 段际的逻辑连贯 2024新课标II卷 长难句 “Some of the things that Tang was writing about were also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.” 翻译句子 汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。 Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 14 动词时态语态（过去时） 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 段际的逻辑连贯 2024新课标II卷 长难句 Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 翻译句子 两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。 Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 15 动词时态语态（过去时） 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 段际的逻辑连贯 2023全国乙卷 长难句 Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 翻译句子 在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。 Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 16 动词时态语态（过去时） 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 段际的逻辑连贯 2022新课标I卷 长难句 The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 翻译句子 该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。 Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 17 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 段际的逻辑连贯 考查动词语态 2025北京卷 Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you ____________ (make) several decisions even without noticing. 句意：当你刷牙的时候，你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the time you brushed your teeth”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时，谓语用had made。填had made。 had made 动词时态语态（过去时） Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 18 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 段际的逻辑连贯 考查动词语态 2024九省联考 Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable. 句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语long ago可知，应用一般过去时，主语Fountain pens和动词use之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。 were used 动词时态语态（过去时） Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 19 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 段际的逻辑连贯 考查动词语态 2024全国甲卷 They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 were 动词时态语态（过去时） Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 20 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 段际的逻辑连贯 考查动词语态 2024浙江1月卷 However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes __________ (offer) in smaller packs. 解析：考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 be offered 动词时态语态（过去时） Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 21 动词时态语态（过去时） 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 ✅ 技巧01 一般过去时 适用场景：描述过去发生的动作、存在的状态、过去的习惯，是高中过去时写作最基础、使用频率最高的时态。 结构：主语+动词过去式（规则动词+ed，不规则动词需特殊记忆） 写作例句： ◦ I visited the old museum with my classmates last Sunday.（上周日我和同学参观了古老的博物馆。） ◦ She was a top student in junior high school.（她初中时是尖子生。） Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 22 动词时态语态（过去时） 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 ✅ 技巧02 过去进行时 适用场景：描述过去某个具体时间点/时间段正在进行的动作；用于故事背景铺垫，让叙事更生动。 结构：主语+was/were+doing 写作例句： ◦ At 8 o'clock last night, I was doing my English homework.（昨晚八点，我正在写英语作业。） ◦ When the rainstorm came, we were climbing the mountain.（暴雨来袭时，我们正在爬山。） Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 23 动词时态语态（过去时） 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 ✅ 技巧03 过去完成时 适用场景：强调“过去的过去”，即动作发生在过去某个动作/时间之前；用于写作中体现动作先后顺序，提升语法丰富度。 结构：主语+had+过去分词 写作例句： ◦ Before I came to this school, I had learned 2000 English words.（在来到这所学校之前，我已经学了2000个英语单词。） ◦ The movie had started when we arrived at the cinema.（我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。） Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 24 动词时态语态（过去时） 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 ✅ 技巧04 过去将来时 适用场景：立足于过去的时间，描述从过去看将要发生的动作，多用于宾语从句、故事叙事。 结构：主语+would/was going to+动词原形 写作例句： ◦ He said he would take part in the English speech contest.（他说他会参加英语演讲比赛。） ◦ We were going to have a picnic, but it rained heavily.（我们本打算去野餐，但是下了大雨。） Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 25 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 ✅ 翻译01 过去进行时（过去某时刻正在进行的动作） I was watching a classic English movie in the living room at eight last night when the doorbell suddenly rang. 昨晚八点我正在客厅看一部经典的英文电影，突然门铃响了。 语法剖析 主句（过去进行时）+ when引导的时间状语从句（一般过去时）。这是高中必考的经典句型，when 在此处表示“就在那时”，突出一个长动作（看电影）被一个短暂动作（门铃响）打断。 动词时态语态（过去时） Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 26 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 ✅ 翻译02 过去完成时（过去的过去） When I arrived at the railway station, the train bound for Beijing had been away for ten minutes. 当我到达火车站时，那辆开往北京的火车已经离开十分钟了。 语法剖析 句子中出现延续性时间状语 for ten minutes，短暂性动词 leave 不能和时间段连用，因此将 had left 改为延续性表达 had been away，这是高中时态改错和写作的核心易错点。 动词时态语态（过去时） Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 27 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 ✅ 翻译03 一般过去时（叙述过去连续动作） He walked into the classroom, put down his schoolbag, took out his textbook and began to listen to the teacher carefully yesterday afternoon. 他昨天下午走进教室，放下书包，拿出课本，开始认真听老师讲课。 语法剖析 这是一个简单句+并列谓语结构。四个动词 walked、put、took、began 均使用过去式，通过 and 连接，共同作主语 He 的谓语，体现动作的先后顺序。 动词时态语态（过去时） Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 28 语法详解 阅读理解 语法填空 写作应用 ✅ 翻译04 过去完成进行时 The engineer had been working continuously for three whole months before the project was finally accepted. 那位工程师在项目最终验收之前，已经连续工作了整整三个月。 语法剖析 过去完成进行时，结构为 had been + doing。该时态强调动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到过去另一个时间，并且侧重动作的持续性和重复性。 动词时态语态（过去时） Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one 29 高中英语语法全攻略 Thank You ！ $