内容正文:
动词专项
动词时态语态1(现在时)
高中英语语法全攻略
CONTENTS
语法详解
01
阅读理解长难句
02
语法填空考查
03
写作应用
04
一般现在时典型用法
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
She brushes her teeth every morning. 她每天早上刷牙。
My father reads newspapers after dinner usually. 我爸爸通常晚饭后看报纸。
1.
一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态,常与表示频率的时间状语连用,如 always总是、usually通常、often经常、sometimes有时、every week每周。
The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。
2.
一般现在时表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然规律。
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home. 如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。
She won’t go to bed until her brother comes back. 直到哥哥回来,她才会睡觉。
3.
在时间、条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替将来时,“主将从现”
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3
一般现在时典型用法
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
Flight CA185 takes off every Friday at 10:15 from Guangzhou Baiyun Airport.
The train leaves Beijing at 9:30 a.m. and arrives in Shanghai at 7:00 p.m.
4.
一般现在时表示飞机、火车、轮船(“飞火轮”)时刻表且有明确时间状语。
The hero opens the door and enters the room quietly.
Messi runs with the ball, passes it to his teammate, and the teammate scores!
5.
一般现在时用于文章标题、图片、影评、剧评及场景解说等场合。
Here comes the bus! Let’s hurry.公交车来了!咱们快点。
Look! There flies a bird across the sky.看!一只鸟正从天上飞过。
6.
以here/there开头的倒装句用一般现在时,表示正在发生的动作/状态。
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现在进行时典型用法
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
1.现在进行时可以表示此时此刻正在进行的动作,有标志性词汇now, currently, look, listen等。
She is cooking dinner at the moment.她此刻正在做晚饭。
Look! The children are playing football in the park.看!孩子们正在公园里踢足球。
2.现在进行时可用来描述当前一段时间内正在进行,但说话瞬间未必正在进行的动作。这类用法常与表示 “一段持续时间” 的状语连用。标志性词汇有these days , this week等。
My father is working on a new project this month.我爸爸这个月在做一个新项目。
He is not playing video games these days. He’s busy with exams.这些天他没在玩电子游戏,他在忙着考试。
3. leave, take, run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可表示将来发生的动作。
My parents are coming to visit next weekend. 我父母下周末要来拜访。
We are meeting our clients at the office tomorrow. 我们明天要在办公室见客户。
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5
现在进行时典型用法
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
4. 频度副词如 always, forever, continually, constantly 与现在进行时连用时,通过重复的动作传递强烈的感情色彩,如赞扬、喜爱、抱怨、不满、不耐烦等。
He is always losing his keys. It’s so annoying! 他总是弄丢钥匙,太烦人了!
The car is continually breaking down—we need to buy a new one.这辆车老是出故障,我们得买辆新的了。
易错提醒
always, constantly等频度副词即可与一般现在时连用,有能与现在进行时连用,注意把握含义。
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6
现在完成时典型用法
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
1.
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have known him since we were children.我从小就认识他。
So far, they have won three games.到目前为止,他们赢了三场比赛。
2.
现在完成时常见副词标志:recently/lately最近already已经。
We have already visited that museum twice.我们已经去过那个博物馆两次了。
They haven’t contacted me recently.他们最近没联系过我。
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现在完成时典型用法
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
3.
4.
现在完成时常见句型标志:It is the first time that….; It has been….since ….; the +最高级+名词+that从句。
To date, the project has cost more than we expected.到目前为止,这个项目的花费超出了我们的预期。
Over the past five weeks, she has read 10 books.在过去五周内,她读了 10 本书。
It is the first time that she has eaten Sichuan hotpot. 这是她第一次吃四川火锅。
It has been a month since she moved to New York. 自从她搬到纽约已经一个月了。
That is the worst storm that we have experienced in years.那是我们多年来经历过的最严重的暴风雨。
现在完成时常见短语标志:so far/up to now/up till now/do date到目前为止;for 20 years二十年;since 2023自从2023年以来;in/over the past five weeks在过去五周内。
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现在完成进行时用法
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
1.现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作,常和for,since引导的时间状语连用。
2. 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的用法比较
She has lived in London for 5 years.
她在伦敦住了 5 年,强调 “住” 的状态持续到现在,可能继续住。
She has been living in London for 5 years.
她在伦敦住了 5 年,强调 “一直在住” 的过程,更突出持续性。
现在完成进行时 现在完成时 示例
表示动作的重复 一般不表示重复性 Have you been meeting him recently? 你最近常和他见面吗?
Have you met him recently? 你最近见到过他吗?
含有感情色彩 一般是平铺直叙 I have been waiting for you for two hours. 我一直等了你两个小时。(表示不满)
I have waited for you for two hours. 我等了你两个小时。(说明事实)
强调事情的过程 强调事情结果 Who has been eating the oranges? 谁一直在吃这些桔子呀?(还剩余一些)
Who has eaten the oranges? 谁把桔子吃光了?(强调吃得一个不剩)
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9
利用“四看”巧解
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
10
利用“四看”巧解
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
一看时间状语, 按图索骥,对号入座。
时间状语类型 对应时态 示例标志词
经常性、习惯性动作 一般现在时 often, usually, every day
过去某一具体时间 一般过去时 yesterday, last week, in 2020
将来某一时间 一般将来时 tomorrow, next month, in + 将来时间
过去某时正在进行 过去进行时 at 8 last night, when + 过去时
从过去持续到现在 现在完成时 since + 时间点,for + 时间段,recently
过去的过去 过去完成时 by + 过去时间,before + 过去时
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11
利用“四看”巧解
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
二看整个固定句型, 依据其特定用法作答。
在动词时态语态题中,许多固定句型有其特定的时态搭配规则,掌握这些 “固定句型的特定用法” 能快速锁定答案。
例题 1:It is the third time that she ___________ (win) the prize.
主句为 “it is”→ 从句用现在完成时。
例题 2:It was the first time that we _____________ (travel) abroad.
主句为 “it was”→ 从句用过去完成时。
例题 3:No sooner ______ (she finish) the report than the boss asked for it.
否定词 “no sooner” 位于句首,主句倒装。
has won
had traveled
had she finished
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利用“四看”巧解
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
1. 主句谓语动词是现在或将来时,从句谓语动词可以用任何需要的时态。
I'll tell you what I will be doing at 8 o'clock tomorrow. 我会告诉你明天8点我将在做什么。
三看主从句时态照应, 依据其用法作答。
2. 主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句谓语动词需用相应的过去时态。
She told me that she was watching TV at 8 o'clock last night. 她告诉我她昨晚8点在看电视。
3. 主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句表示客观真理时其时态不用改变。
Our physics teacher said that light travels faster than sound. 物理老师说光比声音传播得快。
四看特定语境照应, 依据其用法作答。
注意
语法填空科技类多用一般现在时,故事经历类多用一般过去时。
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动词时态语态(现在时)
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
2024浙江1月卷
长难句
Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
翻译句子
在过去的两年里,一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装,设计成两半,拆分成两份。
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
14
动词时态语态(现在时)
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
2021北京卷
长难句
There has been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
翻译句子
根据联合国的一份新报告,过去20年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
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动词时态语态(现在时)
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
2022全国甲卷
长难句
In the last five years, Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
翻译句子
在过去的五年中,曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。
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动词时态语态(现在时)
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
2022北京卷
长难句
The use of those plastics has increased by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
翻译句子
自从2019年,那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
考查动词语态
2025全国一卷
“The players’ personalities (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds.
句意:她补充说:“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来,一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示,显示”为被动关系,所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态,主语为复数,be动词用are。故填are revealed。
are revealed
动词时态语态(现在时)
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
考查动词语态
2025浙江1月卷
The concept (be) certainly not new – men have been renting good suits for decades – but for female shoppers, it is just taking off.
考查时态和主谓一致。由but后的并列分句可知,本句描述的是现在的情况,且主语The concept为单数,故填is。
is
动词时态语态(现在时)
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
考查动词语态
2024新课标I卷
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
句意:此外,围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through,意为“带领某人穿过……”,空处为本句谓语动词,根据上文可知,本句时态为一般现在时,主语the Silk Route Garden为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
walks
动词时态语态(现在时)
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
20
语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
段际的逻辑连贯
考查动词语态
2025北京卷
Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes _________________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance.
句意:通常,通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略,可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语“Usually”可知,此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作,时态应用一般现在时;主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态;主语better outcomes是复数,be动词应用are。故填are achieved。
are achieved
动词时态语态(现在时)
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 技巧01
一般现在时(最常用)
1. 核心用法:描述客观事实、真理、习惯性动作、常态化的状态;用于介绍人物、地点、课程安排、规章制度等固定内容。
2. 写作高频场景:校园生活介绍、家乡风物说明、个人爱好阐述、议论文论点陈述、图表作文数据解读。
3. 关键句式
◦ 主语+动词原形/动词三单形式+其他
◦ It is known to all that + 客观真理(从句用一般现在时)
◦ 表示安排、计划:The school holds a sports meeting every autumn.
动词时态语态(现在时)
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 技巧02
现在进行时
1. 核心用法:表示此时此刻正在进行的动作;现阶段正在进行但说话瞬间不一定发生的动作;部分动词用进行时表将来(如go, come, leave, arrive)。
2. 写作高频场景:现场报道类记叙文、活动现场描写、表达近期的计划与安排。
3. 关键句式:主语+am/is/are+doing+其他
动词时态语态(现在时)
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 技巧03
现在完成时
1. 核心用法:动作发生在过去,对现在造成影响或结果;动作从过去开始,持续到现在,常与for+时间段、since+时间点连用。
2. 写作高频场景:个人经历总结、活动成果汇报、议论文中论证长期现象。
3. 关键句式:主语+have/has+done+其他
动词时态语态(现在时)
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 技巧04
现在完成进行时
1. 核心用法:强调动作从过去开始,一直持续到现在,且仍在进行,突出动作的持续性。
2. 写作高频场景:描述长期坚持的爱好、学习过程、持续开展的活动。
3. 关键句式:主语+have/has+been+doing+其他
动词时态语态(现在时)
Let’s expereiemce them between the lines one by one
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 翻译01
一般现在时
No matter what difficulties we encounter, we always believe that perseverance and hard work enable us to realize our dreams.
无论遇到什么困难,我们始终相信坚持和努力会让我们实现梦想。
语法剖析
1. No matter what + 陈述句语序:引导让步状语从句,从句主语we,谓语动词encounter,用原形契合一般现在时。
2. believe后接宾语从句:从句主语perseverance and hard work是复数概念,谓语动词enable使用原形。
3. enable sb. to do sth.:固定搭配,意为“使某人能够做某事”。
动词时态语态(现在时)
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 翻译02
一般现在时
Research shows that reading classic literary works regularly not only broadens our horizons but also improves our language literacy.
研究表明,经常阅读经典文学作品不仅能拓宽我们的视野,还能提升我们的语言素养。
语法剖析
1. 主句主语Research为不可数名词,属于第三人称单数,谓语动词show 变为shows。
2. 动名词短语reading classic literary works regularly作宾语从句的主语,视作单数,因此并列谓语broaden、improve 均加**-s**。
3. not only...but also...:连接并列谓语,遵循就近一致原则,此处因主语为单数,谓语形式统一。
动词时态语态(现在时)
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 翻译03
一般现在时
With the rapid development of society, people are increasingly aware that protecting the environment is of great importance to future generations.
随着社会的快速发展,人们越来越意识到保护环境对子孙后代的重要性。
语法剖析
1. With + 名词短语:构成伴随状语,不影响句子时态。
2. 主句主语people为集合名词,表复数含义,系动词be用are。
3. 从句主语protecting the environment是动名词短语,作单数看待,系动词be用is;be of great importance = be very important,是高级书面表达。
动词时态语态(现在时)
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语法详解
阅读理解
语法填空
写作应用
✅ 翻译04
一般现在时
Only by forming good study habits can we master the knowledge of various subjects in senior high school efficiently.
只有养成良好的学习习惯,我们才能高效地掌握高中阶段的各科知识。
语法剖析
1. Only + 介词短语置于句首,主句需部分倒装,结构为:Only + 状语 + 助动词/系动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 谓语原形。
2. 句中can为情态动词,后接动词原形master,这是一般现在时的特殊形式,不受主语单复数影响。
3. by doing sth.:方式状语,意为“通过做某事”。
动词时态语态(现在时)
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高中英语语法全攻略
Thank You !
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