专题1 阅读理解 语篇类型3 说明文 主题语境3 人与自然-【满分思维】2026年高考英语真题分类

主题语境3 题组(2025·全国I卷：交通领域 室内植物的积极影响+202 (一) 【文章大意】本文通过介绍全球交通运输领域的碳排放问题引出了 绿色能源转型这一主题，接着具体介绍了不同交通方式实现绿色能 源转型的发展方向以及所面临的挑战。 1.C数字计算题【解析】根据第一幅图ROAD VEHICLES部分中 的“ROAD(PASSENGER)45.1%”和“ROAD(GOODS)29.4%” 可知，2018年，道路车辆（客车+货车）的（碳）排放在全球交通运 输（碳）排放中的占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%。故选C。 2.C细节理解题【解析】根据第二幅图中TRAINS一Electricity部 分内容可知，一些火车已通过铁轨或电缆实现电气化，其余火车 也能以相当简单的方式改用电力驱动。结合第二幅图的其他部 分内容和选项可知，飞机、卡车和船舶的环保之路都存在或多或 少的难度，即火车相对更容易实现绿色能源转型。故选C。 3.B细节理解题【定位句】Fortunately,analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task."We need to speed up the development of green energy,and it will all get used,.”says Wipke.(最后一段最 后两句) 译文幸运的是，分析结果表明可再生能源完全能够胜任这项任 务。Wpke说：“我们需要加快绿色能源的开发速度，而且这些能 源都将物尽其用。” 【解析】根据定位句可知，关丁能源转型，Wike建议加大对可再 生能源的开发力度。故选B。 【方法点拨】同义比对：正确选项通常会对原文进行同义转述，因 此在解题过程中可将选项与原文相关信息进行比对，重点匹配动 词和核心名词。如第3题定位句中的speed up和green energy与 正确选项中的Putting more effort into和renewables相呼应。 【长难句分析】As the world races to decarbonize everything,it faces 时间状语从句 particular problems with transportation-which accounts for about a 主谓宾 状语 quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions..（第一段第 定语从句 二句) 分析As引导时间状语从句：which引导定语从句，修饰先行词 transportation 译文随着全球竞相实现全面脱碳，交通运输领域面临着特殊难 题—该领域产生的温室气体的量约占能源相关温室气体排放 总量的四分之一。 【词汇积累】decarbonize.脱去…的碳 aviation n.航空，飞机制造业electrify.使电气化 energy-efficient ad.节能的，高能效的 min-blowing ad心.非常令人兴奋的，给人印象极深的，非常令人吃 惊的 3 人与自然 的绿色能源转型+2025·全国Ⅱ卷： ·浙江1月卷：矩阵种植)》 【常见搭配】account for(数量、比例上)占 be up to胜任 (二) 【文章大意】本文以Sonja Detrinidad开设网店售卖室内盆栽植物意 外获得成功的案例为切入点，阐述了居家时间增多促使室内盆栽植 物产业蓬勃发展这一现象，接着引用佛罗里达大学研究者Melinda Kuh的观，点，说明植物不仅能改善人们的情绪、降低人体内皮质醇 的水平，还能提升学生的学习表现和职场人士的工作效率，甚至能 降低病假率。最后，Detrinidad以医生和律师需要不断实践的例子 作类比，建议人们耐心养护绿植，多多实践。 【语篇结构】 段落划分 内容梗概 通过Sonja Detrinidad开设网店售卖室内盆栽 第一段 植物的意外成功引出话题 通过引用佛罗里达大学研究者Melinda Knuth 第二、三段 的话说明室内植物流行的原因及其对人们生 活的积极影响 第四段 Detrinidad有关养护绿植的建议 1.D 细节理解题【定位句】When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants,she didn't have high hopes for it.But the opposite happened:She was flooded,shipping out 1 200 orders in June of2020 alone.(第一段第一、二句) 译文当Sonia Detrinidad开设网店售卖室内盆栽植物时，她对此 并未抱太高期望。但实际情况却恰恰相反：订单如潮水般涌来， 仪在2020年6月.她就寄出了1200份订单。 【解析】根据定位句可知，Detrinidad最初开网店时并没抱太高期 望，但实际情况却恰恰相反，仪在2020年6月，她就寄出了1200 份订单。由此可知，她的生意出人意料的好。故选D。 2.D细节理解题【定位句】“Students who are around plants perform betler academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,"says Knuth."This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults.Our study showed that there was a 30%decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant--rich workplaces.”(第三段) 译文Kuth说：“周同有植物的学生比在没有植物的教室里的学 生在学业上表现得更好。这种生产率的提升同样适用于成年人 的工作场所。我创的研究表明，在植物丰富的工作场所巾办公的 人，其病假率降低了30%。” 【解析】根据定位句可知，Kuh发现植物能提升学生的学业表现 5 以及成年人在工作场所中的工作效率。故选D。 3.C推理判断题【定位句】“Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant..”(第四段第二句) 译文“医生要（不断）行医，律师要（不断）从事法律（工作），你 (也)应该允许自己花时间去练习养活一株植物。” 【解析】根据定位句可知，医生和律师都需要不断精进相关技能， 同理，养护植物也需要不断练习。由此可推知，Detrinidad试图通 过提及医生和律师来进行类比，以此表明反复努力的重要性。故 选C。 4B标题概括题【解析】根据全文内容尤其是第二段第三、四句 "Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.'Plants can improve our state of mind ..decreasing our level of cortisol.”可知，文章从室内盆栽植物销售火爆讲起，主要介绍了 植物对人们的积极影响，如改善情绪，降低人体内皮质醇水平以及提 高生产力等。B项“植物能改善你的情绪”能概括文章主旨，适合做 本文的标题。故选B。 【长难句分析】When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling 时间状语从句 houseplants,she didn't have high hopes for it..(第一段第一句) 主谓宾 分析When引导时间状语从句；selling houseplants为现在分词短 语作后置定语，修饰online shopo 译文当Sonja Detrinidad开设网店售卖室内盆栽植物时，她对此并 未抱太高期望。 【词汇积累】houseplant n.室内盆栽植物 explosion n.激增，突增productivityn.生产率，生产效率 sustain w.维持（生命，生存） 【常见搭配】have high hopes for对…抱有很高的期望 tend to照料，照硕be invested in全身心投入 （三) 【文章大意】本文介绍了矩阵种植这种新颖的园艺设计方法的起源、 发展和特点等。 【语篇结构】 段落划分 内容梗概 第一段 引出话题：矩阵种植 第二、三段 矩阵种植的起源、发展和特点 第四、五段 矩阵种植的要素以及优点 1.B词义猜测题【解析】根据画线词所在句中的“it's based on an elegantly simple principle:to garden more like nalure does”可知，这 种方法基丁一个简单的原则：以更贴近大白然的方式进行园艺活 动。由此可推知，阵种梢强调植物的白然生长，此处应指避免 ·3 施肥。因此，画线词应意为“避免，避开”，与B项意思相近。故 选B。 2.D细节理解题【定位句】The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War II in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance.(第二段第 一句) 译文这一概念诞生于第二次世界大战后，当时德国的城市规划 者试图以一种可复制且需要最少维护的方式种植大面积的公园 绿地。 【解析】该题问的是为什么要引入矩阵种植理念。根据定位句可 知，引入矩阵种植理念是为了开发低维护成本的公园绿地。故 选D。 3.C推理判断题【定位句】Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf's gardens popularized this style,adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form,including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife.(第三段第一句) 译文荷兰植物学家兼设计师Piet Oudolf的花园推广了这种风格， 在巧妙运用色彩和形态的同时，为植物搭配增添了艺术气息，兼 顾四季景观的变化，并满足野生动物的需求。 【解析】该题问的是以下哪一项最能描述Piet Oudolf的花园。 A项意为“传统的”B项意为“看起来奇怪的，奇特的”：C项意为 “高雅的，雅致的，优美的”；D项意为“受到良好保护的”。根据定 位句可推知，Piet Oudolf的花园十分优美。故选C。 4.A标题概括题【定位句】While matrix gardens appear wild,thcy are carefully planned,with cultural needs the first consideration. 四段第二句) 译文虽然矩阵花园看起来野性自然，但它们是经过精心规划的， 其中栽培需求是首要考虑因素。 【解析】通读全文尤其是定位句可知，本文介绍了矩阵种植白然与 高效的特性。A项“园艺的未来（趋问于）野性自然”能概括文章 大意，适合做木文的标题。故选A。 【长难句分析】In a matrix garden,plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds.(第二段最后一句) 分析so that引导目的状语从句；forming.weeds是现在分词短语 作状语，表示顺其自然的结果。 译文在矩阵花园中，具有相似栽培需求的植物被组合在一起（种 植)，以便它们能在地上和地下一起生长，形成一个协同的生态系 统，既能节约水资源，又能抑制杂草（生长）。 【词汇积累】principle n.原则，法则maintenance n.维护，保养 sculpture n.雕像，雕塑作品substantial ad.价值巨大的，大量的 【常见搭配】be based on基于seek to力图，谋求主题语境3 题组(2025·全国I卷：交通领域 室内植物的积极影响+202 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个 选项中，选出最佳选项。 (-)(7.5分) The greening of planes,trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO,emissions (排放).As the world races to decarbonize everything,it faces particular problems with transportation-which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. SHIPPING OTHER 10.6o 2.20 ROAD VEHICLES ROAD(PASSENGER) 45.1% AIRPLANES RAIL 1160 The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful,but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs.Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. PLANES-Synthetic hydrocarbons CARS—Batteries The hardest sector to decarbonize is Batteris are ryfficinand i aviation.One long-term option for cars can plug into existing systems anc sustainable fuel for planes is to make services.New solid-state batteries will hydrocarbons from recycled air. take a car farther on a single charge. FUTURE FUELS TRAINS-Electricity TRUCKS一Hydrogen SHIPS-Liquid ammonia Some trains are already fuel cells Liquid ammonia is easy to electrified through rails Hydrogen fuel cells are a keep and transport,but it is or wires:others can bo lighter choice than batteries made clectric in pretty for trucks,but making greer hard to ignite(点燃)and simple ways. hydrogen is expensive. requires an engine redesign. This energy transition(变革)is global,.and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is "a little bit mind-blowing",says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.It's estimated that the global demand for 人与自然 的绿色能源转型+2025·全国Ⅱ卷： ·浙江1月卷：矩阵种植) electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately,analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task."We need to speed up the development of green energy,and it will all get used,"says Wipke. 1.What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A.11.6%.B.45.1%.C.74.5%.D.86.1%. 2.Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily? A.Planes. B.Trucks. C.Trains. D.Ships. 3.What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A.Limiting fuel consumption. B.Putting more effort into renewables. C.Improving energy efficiency. D.Making electricity more affordable. (二)(10分) When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants,she didn't have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened:She was flooded, shipping out 1 200 orders in June of 2020 alone.In the past year,Detrinidad sent out more than 70 000 plants.Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry. “Plants are in fashion right now,”says Dr. Melinda Knuth,a researcher from the University of Florida."People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating,”she says..“Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol,the stress hormone()in our body. "Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,"says Knuth."This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults.Our study showed that there was a 30%decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces." If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants,don't beat yourself up if one（or a few!)doesn't make it..“Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant.Tending to plants is an exercise in patience and learning.Be invested in taking care of it,but if it dies,go get another one,"Detrinidad says. 1.How was Detrinidad's business when it started? A.It faced tough competition. B.It suffered a great loss. C.It got lots of financial support. D.It went surprisingly well. 2.What is one of Knuth's findings about plants? A.They appeal more to students. B.They purify the environment. C.They raise the cortisol level. D.They enhance productivity. 3.What does Detrinidad try to explain by mentioning doctors and lawyers? A.The necessity of social skills. B.The meaning of sustainability. C.The importance of repeated efforts. D.The value of professional opinions. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Time to Replace Houseplants B.Plants Boost Your Mood C.Tips on Choosing Houseplants D.Plants Brighten Your Home (三)(10分) A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide.Referred to as matrix planting,this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden,and even some of the designing.Eschewing fertilizers() and power tools,it's based on an elegantly simple principle:to garden more like nature does. The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War II in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance.Planners created planting mixes that could be used modularly(模块化).na matrix garden,plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground,forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf 's gardens popularized this style,adding artistic flavors to the planting mixes while playing with color and form,including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife.Beautiful year-round,they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail,from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads. It takes a lot of thought to look this natural. While matrix gardens appear wild,they are carefully planned,with cultural needs the first consideration. Led by the concept of"right plant,right place",they match plants that enjoy the same soil,sun and weather conditions,and arrange them according to their patterns of growth. The benefits are substantial for both gardener and planet.With human inputs dramatically reduced,the garden's ecology can develop well.Established matrix gardens should not need the life support we give most gardens:fertilizer,dividing,regular watering. 2. Compared to traditional garden plots,they increase carbon absorption,reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. 1.What does the underlined word "Eschewing"in the first paragraph mean? A.Running out of. B.Keeping away from. C.Putting up with. D.Taking advantage of. 2.Why was the idea of matrix planting introduced? A.To control weeds in large gardens. B.To bring in foreign species of plants. 语篇类型4 主题语境人与 题组(2025·北京卷：社会比较的 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个 选项中，选出最佳选项。 (一)(6分) Not too long ago,on a cold winter night,there was a teenager who wanted more screen time and a parent who said no.The teenager was advocating for her right to scroll (for an extra 30 minutes. The parent argued that none of her friends'parents let them have screens after 9 o'clock."I thought,in this family,we don't compare ourselves with other people, Dad?"the teenager replied.The parent-who was me,by the way-just got served.Since they were young,I have told my kids not to compare themselves with other people.I have argued countless times that comparisons are the“thief of joy'”. Although my daughter didn't win,she did help expose one of the worst pieces of advice I have ever given.In my defence,I did what we've all done before,which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances.But now is the time to set the C.To conserve soil and water resources. D.To develop low-maintenance parkland. 3.Which of the following best describes Piet Oudolf's gardens? A.Traditional. B.Odd-looking. C.Tasteful. D.Well-protected. 4.Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A.The future of gardening is WILD B.Nature treats all lives as EQUALS C.Matrix gardens need more CARE D.Old garden plots work WONDERS 议论文 自我&人与社会 效面性+2025·全国I卷：城市街道) record straight,which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy. Social comparisons do,of course,often get us into emotional trouble.But they can be harnessed( for our betterment if we understand how they work.The social comparisons we make-ones that lead us to feel good or bad about ourselves-are vital to our ability to thrive ()Science provides a guide we can use to harness the way we perform these comparisons to reduce their negative emotional impacts. Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you don't,or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation,for example, “If they can achieve that,so can I.”Comparing yourself with someone who is doing worse than you could result in fear and worry if you think about how you could fall into similar circumstances,or it can 3.