综合训练05 语法综合练之宾语、状语和定语从句易错题精练50题-备战2026年中考英语热点押题预测（上海专用）

备战2026年中考英语重难点热点押题预测系列，一线教师制作遴选。 备战2026年中考英语重难点热点押题预测系列，一线教师制作遴选。 综合训练05 语法综合练之宾语、状语和定语从句易错题精练50题 选题说明：本节选题60%来自于上海近三年真题及模考真题，40%为押题预测，难易适中，适合中考冲刺刷题使用。 ( 建议用时： 30 分钟 实际 用时：分钟 ) 一、单项选择，每小题1分，满分30分 1．________ he studies hard, he will never pass the examination. A．If B．Unless C．Although D．Even if 2．President Xi encourages all Chinese people to plant trees ________ our country can be greener and more beautiful. A．as long as B．even though C．so that D．ever since 3．Shanghai is experiencing another extreme heatwave, ________ has become more frequent in recent years due to climate change. A．that B．which C．who D．when 4．Did Lucas tell you ________ in Japan last month? A．where he went B．where he goes C．where did he go D．where does he go 5．You’ll do much better ________ you’re more careful with your spelling. A．if B．before C．although D．so 6．The notice said there ________ a basketball match in our school next week. A．will be B．is C．would have D．would be 7．You won’t pass the exam ________ you study harder. A．unless B．if C．although D．because 8．—Could you tell me ________ the digital museum? —You can take the No. 12 bus and get off at the Culture Station. A．how can I get to B．how I can get to C．when I can get to D．when can I get to 9．—Who is the girl standing over there? —She is my cousin, _______ name is Mary. A．whose B．who C．which D．that 10．She didn’t go to school yesterday _______ she had a bad cold. A．because B．so C．but D．though 11．_______ he is very young, he knows a lot about Chinese history. A．Although B．Because C．Since D．If 12．—Could you please tell me _______? —Sure, it’s on Center Street. A．where the bank is B．where is the bank C．where the bank was D．where was the bank 13．This is the best movie _______ I have ever watched. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 14．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________ I can get to the library? —Sure. Go straight and turn left at the end of the road. You’ll see the library there. A．when B．how C．why D．what 15．This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 16．You can’t get a job in this area ________ you have experience. A．until B．unless C．because D．if 17．She only slept for three hours last night. She got ________ little sleep that she is tired now. A．too B．such C．quite D．so 18．The kid kept knocking at the door ________ someone answered it. A．if B．until C．unless D．when 19．She gave me a key ________ I could let myself in. A．as a result B．as soon as C．so that D．as long as 20．A: Are you going camping this afternoon? B: It’s going to rain heavily. I’m not sure ________ it will be safe to go. A．which B．what C．whether D．why 21．Do you know where ________ tickets for John Owen-Jones’s Unmasked tour in China? A．we can buy B．can we buy C．we could buy D．could we buy 22．Could you tell me how long ________? A．you have bought the watch B．you have kept this science book C．have you been away from China D．have you been a member of Greener China 23．Be patient with your elderly parents. If you ________, you’ll make them sad. A．don’t B．aren’t C．do D．are 24．Life is a long race ________ we fight against all the difficulties to realize our dreams. A．when B．which C．how D．where 25．We wanted to know ________. A．when will the exam begin B．when the exam will begin C．when would the exam begin D．when the exam would begin 26．Tina wondered ________. A．who will be responsible for the project B．what was the matter with the printer C．whether the boy had understood her instructions D．that the meeting would be held next Tuesday 27．Michael didn’t decide ________. A．If he will give us a lecture B．whether he would go with us C．when he has started his lecture D．how he travelled there 28．Many tourists came to try the pork and vegetable wontons ________ the film Shanghai Wonton became a hit. A．so that B．though C．after D．unless 29．Peter doesn’t tell me when he ________. I’ll telephone you as soon as he ________. A．will come, comes B．will come, will come C．comes, will come D．comes, comes 30．We will have to cancel the outdoor activity ________ the rain stops before noon. A．until B．though C．unless D．because 二、完成句子，每小题1分，满分20分 31．他们需要新鲜空气和大的他们可以自由奔跑的开放空间。 They always need fresh air and _________. 32．The librarian said to Bob, “Don’t talk loudly in the library!”（改为间接引语） The librarian told Bob ________________ talk loudly in the library. 33．“Can you buy some vegetables for dinner?” I asked Ray. (改为间接引语) I asked Ray ________ he ________ buy some vegetables for dinner. 34．Tom and Mary set out early in the morning in order to see the sunrise. (保持原句意思不变) Tom and Mary set out early in the morning ________________ they could see the sunrise. 35．Lily asked me, "Can you help me with the chemistry project?"（改为含有宾语从句的主从复合句） Lily asked me ________ I ________ help her with the chemistry project. 36．“Will you come home early tomorrow?” The mother asked her son. (保持句意基本不变) The mother asked her son ________ he ________ come home early the next day. 37．“When can I start working from home?” Ben asked the manager. (改成间接引语) Ben asked the manager ________ he ________ start working from home. 38．“Are you going to visit the museum tomorrow?” Tom asked me. (改为宾语从句) Tom asked me if ________________ going to visit the museum the next day. 39．I won’t go to Kitty’s birthday party if she doesn’t invite me.(保持句意基本不变) I won’t go to Kitty’s birthday party ________ she ________ me. 40．Jack asked Mary, “Are you going to visit the astronomy museum tomorrow?” (改为间接引语) Jack asked Mary if ________________ going to visit the astronomy museum the next day. 41．“Has the main structure of the Palace Museum’s northern campus been fully completed?” Linlin asked. (改为间接引语) Linlin wondered ________ the main structure of the Palace Museum’s northern campus ________ been fully completed. 42．Sometimes children are too young to tell the bad from the good. (保持句意基本不变) Sometimes children are ________ young ________ they can’t tell the bad from the good. 43．the tea, that, is, have been grown, without, comes from, the use of any chemicals, plants, that, This (连词成句) _______________________________________________ 44．If he doesn’t ask for help, he won’t be able to finish the job. He won’t be able to finish the job ________ he ________ for help. (保持句意不变) 45．What does Peter prefer to do? Peter’s mother wanted to know. (合并成宾语从句) Peter’s mother wanted to know ________ Peter ________ to do. 46．The piece of furniture is too big to fit in the room. (保持句意不变) The piece of furniture is ________ big ________ it can’t fit in the room. 47．“Will you take part in the science fair?” Mr. Li asked me. (改为间接引语) Mr. Li asked me ________ I ________ take part in the science fair. 48．The box is so heavy that she can’t carry it. (改为同义句) The box is _______ heavy _______ her to carry. 49．“Don’t forget to turn off the light when you leave,” said the teacher. (改为间接引语) The teacher ________________ to turn off the light when I left. 50．speak louder, you, so that, must, by all, can, you, be heard (连词成句) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________. 4 备战新中考，天天有收获，周周有进步，月月有突破！ 3 备战新中考，天天有收获，周周有进步，月月有突破！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 备战2026年中考英语重难点热点押题预测系列，一线教师制作遴选。 备战2026年中考英语重难点热点押题预测系列，一线教师制作遴选。 综合训练05 语法综合练之宾语、状语和定语从句易错题精练50题 选题说明：本节选题60%来自于上海近三年真题及模考真题，40%为押题预测，难易适中，适合中考冲刺刷题使用。 ( 建议用时： 30 分钟 实际 用时：分钟 ) 一、单项选择，每小题1分，满分30分 1．________ he studies hard, he will never pass the examination. A．If B．Unless C．Although D．Even if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：除非他努力学习，否则他将永远不会通过考试。 考查连词辨析。if如果；unless除非；although虽然；even if即使。主句“he will never pass the examination”表示否定结果，从句需表示否定条件，用unless引导条件状语从句，符合逻辑。故选B。 2．President Xi encourages all Chinese people to plant trees ________ our country can be greener and more beautiful. A．as long as B．even though C．so that D．ever since 【答案】C 【详解】句意：习主席鼓励所有中国人植树，以便我们的国家能更绿更美。 考查连词辨析。as long as只要；even though即使；so that以便；ever since自从。根据句意，植树的目的或结果是让国家更绿更美，应选用表目的或结果的连词。so that以便，表示目的。故选C。 3．Shanghai is experiencing another extreme heatwave, ________ has become more frequent in recent years due to climate change. A．that B．which C．who D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：上海正在经历又一场极端热浪，由于气候变化，这类极端热浪近年来变得愈发频繁。 考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。that不能引导非限制性定语从句；which先行词是物；who先行词是人；when先行词是时间。根据“extreme heatwave”可知，先行词指物，应用which引导。故选B。 4．Did Lucas tell you ________ in Japan last month? A．where he went B．where he goes C．where did he go D．where does he go 【答案】A 【详解】句意：卢卡斯告诉了你上个月他在日本去了哪里吗？ 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除C、D；根据时间状语last month可知，动作发生在过去，从句应用一般过去时。故选A。 5．You’ll do much better ________ you’re more careful with your spelling. A．if B．before C．although D．so 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你在拼写上更仔细一些，你会做得更好。 考查连词辨析。if如果，表条件；before在……之前，表时间；although虽然，尽管，表让步；so因此，所以，表结果。根据句意，前一句“你会做得更好”是在后一句“你在拼写上更仔细”的条件下发生的，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 6．The notice said there ________ a basketball match in our school next week. A．will be B．is C．would have D．would be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：通知上说下周我们学校将有一场篮球比赛。 考查there be句型的时态。根据“there ... a basketball match”可知，句子是there be句型；主句谓语“said”为一般过去时，从句应用过去的某个时态，结合“next week”可知，此处应用过去将来时would be。故选D。 7．You won’t pass the exam ________ you study harder. A．unless B．if C．although D．because 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你不会通过考试，除非你更努力学习。 考查连词辨析。unless除非；if如果；although尽管；because因为。由于前句“You won’t pass the exam”与后句“you study harder”之间是条件关系，且后句是前句的否定条件，即“如果不更努力，就不会通过”，需用unless引导条件状语从句。故选A。 8．—Could you tell me ________ the digital museum? —You can take the No. 12 bus and get off at the Culture Station. A．how can I get to B．how I can get to C．when I can get to D．when can I get to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎么去数字博物馆吗？——你可以乘坐12路公交车，在文化站下车。 考查宾语从句的语序。根据“You can take the No. 12 bus...”可知，问句询问的是去数字博物馆的“方式”，因此用how引导，排除C和D；宾语从句需用陈述句语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语”。A是疑问句语序，不符合宾语从句规则。故选B。 9．—Who is the girl standing over there? —She is my cousin, _______ name is Mary. A．whose B．who C．which D．that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——站在那边的女孩是谁？——她是我的表妹，她的名字叫玛丽。 考查关系代词辨析。whose谁的；who谁；which哪一个；that可指人/物。根据“…name is Mary”可知，此处需修饰名词“name”，表示“表妹的名字”，需用关系代词whose作定语。故选A。 10．She didn’t go to school yesterday _______ she had a bad cold. A．because B．so C．but D．though 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她昨天没去上学，因为她得了重感冒。 考查连词辨析。because因为；so所以；but但是；though尽管。根据句意，句中“she had a bad cold”是“didn’t go to school”的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 11．_______ he is very young, he knows a lot about Chinese history. A．Although B．Because C．Since D．If 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管他很年轻，但他对中国历史了解很多。 考查连词辨析。Although尽管；Because因为；Since既然/自从；If如果。根据“…he is very young, he knows a lot about Chinese history.”，前后分句存在转折关系，表示“虽然年轻，但了解得多”，需用表示让步的连词。故选A。 12．—Could you please tell me _______? —Sure, it’s on Center Street. A．where the bank is B．where is the bank C．where the bank was D．where was the bank 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我银行在哪里吗？——当然，它在中央大街。 考查宾语从句的语序。根据答语“Sure, it’s on Center Street.”可知，此处应询问银行现在的位置，用一般现在时，主句“Could you please tell me…”后接宾语从句，从句用陈述语序（主语+谓语）。故选A。 13．This is the best movie _______ I have ever watched. A．that B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是我看过的最好看的电影。 考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句，先行词“movie”被最高级“the best”修饰，只能用that。故选A。 14．—Excuse me, could you tell me ________ I can get to the library? —Sure. Go straight and turn left at the end of the road. You’ll see the library there. A．when B．how C．why D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去图书馆吗？——当然。直走，在路的尽头左转。你会在那里看到图书馆。 考查疑问词辨析。when什么时候；how怎样；why为什么；what什么。根据答语“Go straight and turn left...”可知，问路者是在询问“如何到达”图书馆，应使用how表示方式。故选B。 15．This is the best movie ________ I have ever seen. A．which B．that C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我看过的最好的电影。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。which指物，作主语或宾语；that指人或物，作主语或宾语；who指人，作主语；whom指人，作宾语。先行词“movie”是物，且被形容词最高级“the best”修饰，定语从句中缺宾语，此时关系词通常用“that”而不用“which”。故选B。 16．You can’t get a job in this area ________ you have experience. A．until B．unless C．because D．if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你在这个领域找不到工作，除非你有经验。 until直到……为止；unless除非；如果不；because因为；if如果。 根据“You can’t get a job...you have experience”可知，前后是条件关系，表达“没有经验就找不到工作”的含义，unless符合语境。 17．She only slept for three hours last night. She got ________ little sleep that she is tired now. A．too B．such C．quite D．so 【答案】D 【详解】句意：她昨晚只睡了三个小时。她睡的觉如此少以至于她现在很累。 too太，常与to搭配；such如此，修饰名词；quite相当；so如此，修饰形容词/副词。so后可接“little/few/much/many + 名词”，本题是“so + little + 不可数名词 + that...”固定结构，表示“如此少的……以至于……”，sleep为不可数名词，应填so。 18．The kid kept knocking at the door ________ someone answered it. A．if B．until C．unless D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个孩子不停地敲门，直到有人应答为止。 if如果；until直到……为止；unless除非；when当……时。根据“The kid kept knocking at the door”可知动作持续进行，结合“someone answered it”可知持续到有人应答动作才结束，符合until引导时间状语从句的用法。 19．She gave me a key ________ I could let myself in. A．as a result B．as soon as C．so that D．as long as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她给了我一把钥匙，以便我可以自己进去。 as a result结果；as soon as一……就……；so that为了，以便；as long as只要。根据句意，前句是动作，后句是目的，前后构成目的关系，so that引导目的状语从句，符合语境。 20．A: Are you going camping this afternoon? B: It’s going to rain heavily. I’m not sure ________ it will be safe to go. A．which B．what C．whether D．why 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你今天下午要去露营吗？——将要下大雨了。我不确定去是否安全。 which哪一个；what什么；whether是否；why为什么。根据“I’m not sure”可知此处表示不确定，且从句“it will be safe to go”结构完整，整句表示不确定“是否”安全，应用whether引导。 21．Do you know where ________ tickets for John Owen-Jones’s Unmasked tour in China? A．we can buy B．can we buy C．we could buy D．could we buy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你知道我们在哪里能买到约翰·欧文-琼斯在中国举办的《面具》巡回演唱会的门票吗？   we can buy我们能买；can we buy（语序错误）；we could buy我们可以买（过去式）；could we buy（语序错误）。此句是宾语从句，需用陈述语序（主语在前、谓语在后），排除B、D；主句“Do you know”是一般现在时，从句描述现在的能力，用一般现在时“can”，不用过去式“could”，排除C。“we can buy”符合语法及语境。应填“we can buy”。 22．Could you tell me how long ________? A．you have bought the watch B．you have kept this science book C．have you been away from China D．have you been a member of Greener China 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能告诉我你持有这本科学书多久了吗？ 考查宾语从句及延续性动词。根据“Could you tell me how long”可知，此处是how long引导的宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，排除C、D选项；且how long需与延续性动词使用，A选项bought是buy的过去分词，buy是短暂性动词，故排除A选项。故选B。 23．Be patient with your elderly parents. If you ________, you’ll make them sad. A．don’t B．aren’t C．do D．are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：对你年老的父母要有耐心。如果你没耐心的话，你会让他们伤心。 考查条件状语从句的谓语动词。don’t不，用于实义动词否定；aren’t不是，用于be动词否定；do是，用于实义动词肯定；are是，用于be动词肯定。前句“Be patient”是祈使句，省略了主语you，其中“patient”是形容词，因此后句if条件句中需用“be + patient”结构，根据句意“you’ll make them sad.”可知，条件句的意思为如果你没耐心，应使用否定形式aren’t。故选B。 24．Life is a long race ________ we fight against all the difficulties to realize our dreams. A．when B．which C．how D．where 【答案】D 【详解】句意：生活是一场漫长的赛跑，在这场赛跑中我们与所有困难斗争以实现梦想。   考查定语从句关系词。when先行词表时间；which先行词表事物；how不引导定语从句；where先行词表地点。先行词“race”为抽象地点（赛跑/过程），且从句“we fight against...”不缺主干成分，需用关系副词where引导定语从句，相当于in which。故选D。 25．We wanted to know ________. A．when will the exam begin B．when the exam will begin C．when would the exam begin D．when the exam would begin 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们想知道考试什么时候开始。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句遵循“主过从必过”的原则，本句主句中的“wanted”是一般过去式，所以从句中的will也要用过去式would，排除AB；宾语从句要使用陈述语序，所以主语the exam在前，动词would在后。故选D。 26．Tina wondered ________. A．who will be responsible for the project B．what was the matter with the printer C．whether the boy had understood her instructions D．that the meeting would be held next Tuesday 【答案】C 【详解】句意：蒂娜想知道男孩是否理解了她的指示。 宾语从句需满足三个规则：时态一致（主句为一般过去时，从句用相应过去时态）、陈述语序、连接词语义符合逻辑。 A选项从句时态为一般将来时，不符合主句是一般过去时时态一致的要求，排除；“what was the matter”结构中what作主语，本身就是“主语+系动词”的陈述语序，变为宾语从句时语序不变，B选项语序错误，排除；C选项连接词whether符合主句谓语动词wondered（想知道）的疑问语义，从句为过去完成时、陈述语序，符合所有规则；wondered表示“疑惑、想知道”，本身含有疑问含义，that用于引导陈述性宾语从句，语义逻辑不符，排除D选项。 27．Michael didn’t decide ________. A．If he will give us a lecture B．whether he would go with us C．when he has started his lecture D．how he travelled there 【答案】B 【详解】句意：迈克尔没有决定他是否会和我们一起去。 根据“Michael didn’t decide”可知，主句是一般过去时，宾语从句需用相应的过去时态，排除A、C选项；didn’t decide后接疑问词引导的从句时，需表示“未确定的未来/选择”，D项travelled是一般过去时，表已发生的动作，不符合“未决定”的语境；B项would是过去将来时，符合“主过从过”原则，且逻辑通顺。 28．Many tourists came to try the pork and vegetable wontons ________ the film Shanghai Wonton became a hit. A．so that B．though C．after D．unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在电影《上海馄饨》走红后，许多游客都来品尝猪肉蔬菜馄饨。 so that以便，为了；though尽管；after在……之后；unless除非。根据“Many tourists came to try the pork and vegetable wontons...the film Shanghai Wonton became a hit.”可知，许多游客来品尝猪肉蔬菜馄饨是在电影《上海馄饨》走红之后，所以这里用after引导时间状语从句。 29．Peter doesn’t tell me when he ________. I’ll telephone you as soon as he ________. A．will come, comes B．will come, will come C．comes, will come D．comes, comes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：彼得没有告诉我他什么时候会来。他一到我就给你打电话。 考查时态。will come将会来，一般将来时；comes来，一般现在时第三人称单数。第一空，为when引导宾语从句，根据主句“doesn’t tell me”可知，“come”是将要发生的动作，应用一般将来时will come。第二空，为as soon as引导的时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句“I’ll telephone you”为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时comes表将来。故选A。 30．We will have to cancel the outdoor activity ________ the rain stops before noon. A．until B．though C．unless D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：除非中午前雨停，否则我们将不得不取消户外活动。 until直到 (引导时间状语从句)；though虽然 (引导让步状语从句)；unless除非 (引导条件状语从句，相当于if not)；because因为 (引导原因状语从句)。根据句意，除非中午前雨停，否则我们将不得不取消户外活动，因此应选unless。 二、完成句子，每小题1分，满分20分 31．他们需要新鲜空气和大的他们可以自由奔跑的开放空间。 They always need fresh air and _________. 【答案】large open spaces where they can run freely 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，空格处表示“大的他们可以自由奔跑的开放空间”，此处需用定语从句修饰“开放空间”，翻译时需将“大的”作为前置定语，而“他们可以自由奔跑的”处理为后置定语从句，用关系副词“where”引导，表示地点；大的开放空间large open spaces；哪里where；他们可以自由奔跑they can run freely。故填large open spaces where they can run freely。 32．The librarian said to Bob, “Don’t talk loudly in the library!”（改为间接引语） The librarian told Bob ________________ talk loudly in the library. 【答案】 not to 【详解】句意：图书管理员对鲍勃说：“别在图书馆里大声说话！”直接引语为祈使句的否定形式：“Don’t talk loudly in the library!”间接引语需改为 “tell/ask/order + 宾语 + not to + 动词原形” 的结构，即“not to talk loudly in the library”。故填not；to。 33．“Can you buy some vegetables for dinner?” I asked Ray. (改为间接引语) I asked Ray ________ he ________ buy some vegetables for dinner. 【答案】 if/whether could 【详解】句意：我问雷“你能为晚餐买些蔬菜吗”。直接引语为一般疑问句，改为间接引语时需用if/whether引导宾语从句，表示“是否能买些蔬菜”，主句为一般过去时，从句也应该为一般过去时，原句的情态动词can需改为过去式could，故填if/whether；could。 34．Tom and Mary set out early in the morning in order to see the sunrise. (保持原句意思不变) Tom and Mary set out early in the morning ________________ they could see the sunrise. 【答案】 so that 【详解】句意：汤姆和玛丽一大早就出发了，为的是去看日出。“in order to+动词短语”相当于“so that+从句”，两者都是表目的。故填so；that。 35．Lily asked me, "Can you help me with the chemistry project?"（改为含有宾语从句的主从复合句） Lily asked me ________ I ________ help her with the chemistry project. 【答案】 if/whether could 【详解】句意：莉莉问我“你能帮我做化学课题吗？” 直接引语为一般疑问句，改为宾语从句用引导词if/whether；主句时态为一般过去时，从句需相应变为过去时态，can变为could。 36．“Will you come home early tomorrow?” The mother asked her son. (保持句意基本不变) The mother asked her son ________ he ________ come home early the next day. 【答案】 if/whether would 【详解】句意：“你明天会早回家吗？”母亲问她的儿子。改为间接引语时，一般疑问句用if或whether引导，改为陈述语序，主句asked为过去时，从句用过去将来时，will的过去式是would。 37．“When can I start working from home?” Ben asked the manager. (改成间接引语) Ben asked the manager ________ he ________ start working from home. 【答案】 when could 【详解】句意：“我什么时候可以开始在家工作？”本问经理。改为间接引语时，特殊疑问句的疑问词“when”作为引导词，且原句的直接引语是一般现在时，在间接引语中要变为一般过去时，“can”变为“could”。 38．“Are you going to visit the museum tomorrow?” Tom asked me. (改为宾语从句) Tom asked me if ________________ going to visit the museum the next day. 【答案】 I was 【详解】句意： 汤姆问我：“你明天打算去参观博物馆吗？”直接引语为一般疑问句，改为宾语从句时用 if/whether 引导，从句用陈述语序。时态呼应：主句asked是一般过去时，从句are going to要变为过去式was going to；人称变化：直接引语的you变为间接引语的I；时间状语tomorrow变为the next day。故填I； was。 39．I won’t go to Kitty’s birthday party if she doesn’t invite me.(保持句意基本不变) I won’t go to Kitty’s birthday party ________ she ________ me. 【答案】 unless invites 【详解】句意：如果凯蒂不邀请我，我就不去参加她的生日派对。原句是if引导的条件状语从句的否定形式，保持句意基本不变时，可用unless代替if...not，unless本身表示“除非，如果不”；从句主语she是第三人称单数，句子是一般现在时，谓语动词用invite的第三人称单数形式invites。 40．Jack asked Mary, “Are you going to visit the astronomy museum tomorrow?” (改为间接引语) Jack asked Mary if ________________ going to visit the astronomy museum the next day. 【答案】 she was 【详解】句意：杰克问玛丽：“你明天要去参观天文博物馆吗？”原句是直接引语，改为间接引语时，人称要对应转换，直接引语中的you指代玛丽，变为间接引语时用she；主句asked是一般过去时，从句时态要相应变为过去将来时，are going to变为was going to，主语she对应的be动词是was。 41．“Has the main structure of the Palace Museum’s northern campus been fully completed?” Linlin asked. (改为间接引语) Linlin wondered ________ the main structure of the Palace Museum’s northern campus ________ been fully completed. 【答案】 if/whether had 【详解】句意：琳琳问：“故宫北院区的主体结构已经全部完工了吗？”直接引语为一般疑问句，改为间接引语时，需用连接词if或whether引导宾语从句，表示“是否”。同时，直接引语是现在完成时，在改为间接引语时，因为主句“Linlin wondered”是一般过去时，所以从句的时态要变为过去完成时，即“has been”要变为“had been”。 42．Sometimes children are too young to tell the bad from the good. (保持句意基本不变) Sometimes children are ________ young ________ they can’t tell the bad from the good. 【答案】 so that 【详解】句意：有时孩子还太小，不能分辨好坏。原句中的too+adj.+to do sth“太……而不能……”，可以与so…that+从句“如此……以至于……”来互换。故填so；that。 43．the tea, that, is, have been grown, without, comes from, the use of any chemicals, plants, that, This (连词成句) _______________________________________________ 【答案】This is the tea that comes from plants that have been grown without the use of any chemicals. 【详解】根据提示词可知，此句为陈述句。This is“这是”；the tea“茶”，作表语；that引导定语从句；comes from“来自”，作定语从句的谓语；plants“植物”，作宾语；that引导定语从句；have been grown“已被种植”；without“没有，缺乏”；the use of any chemicals“使用任何化学物质”。故填This is the tea that comes from plants that have been grown without the use of any chemicals.“这是从没有使用任何化学物质的植物中提取出来的茶。” 44．If he doesn’t ask for help, he won’t be able to finish the job. He won’t be able to finish the job ________ he ________ for help. (保持句意不变) 【答案】 unless asks 【详解】句意：如果他不求助，他就无法完成这项工作。原句中“If he doesn’t ask for help”表示“如果不……”，可用“unless”（除非）引导条件从句来转换；unless引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句需用一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，因此动词ask需变为第三人称单数形式asks。故填unless；asks。 45．What does Peter prefer to do? Peter’s mother wanted to know. (合并成宾语从句) Peter’s mother wanted to know ________ Peter ________ to do. 【答案】 what preferred 【详解】句意：彼得更喜欢做什么？彼得的妈妈想知道。原句是特殊疑问句“What does Peter prefer to do?”，合并为宾语从句时，需保留原疑问词what作为引导词；主句“Peter’s mother wanted to know”是一般过去时，从句也需要用一般过去时，prefer的过去式是preferred。故填what；preferred。 46．The piece of furniture is too big to fit in the room. (保持句意不变) The piece of furniture is ________ big ________ it can’t fit in the room. 【答案】 so that 【详解】句意：这件家具太大了，放不进房间。原句中“too…to…”结构意为“太……而不能……”，可改为“so…that…”结构，引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，两者含义相同，保持句意不变。 47．“Will you take part in the science fair?” Mr. Li asked me. (改为间接引语) Mr. Li asked me ________ I ________ take part in the science fair. 【答案】 if/whether would 【详解】句意：“你会参加科学展吗？”李老师问我。原句是直接引语的一般疑问句，改为间接引语时需用“if/whether”引导宾语从句，根据“Mr. Li asked me”可知，主句时态为一般过去时，遵循“主过从过”原则，从句用过去将来时would do，故填if/whether；would。 48．The box is so heavy that she can’t carry it. (改为同义句) The box is _______ heavy _______ her to carry. 【答案】 too for 【详解】句意：这个箱子太重了，她搬不动。原句“so...that...”（如此……以至于……）表否定含义时，可转换为“too...for sb. to do”（对某人来说太……而不能……）的固定结构，故填too；for。 49．“Don’t forget to turn off the light when you leave,” said the teacher. (改为间接引语) The teacher ________________ to turn off the light when I left. 【答案】 reminded me 【详解】句意：“当你离开时别忘了关灯，”老师说。直接引语为否定祈使句，改为间接引语时，可用“remind sb. to do sth.”结构，将原句中的告诫内容转化为动词不定式，时态为一般过去时，remind的过去式为reminded，人称由you改为me。 50．speak louder, you, so that, must, by all, can, you, be heard (连词成句) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________. 【答案】You must speak louder so that you can be heard by all 【详解】本句为主从复合句。“You”意为“你”，作主句主语，位于句首，首字母大写；“must speak louder”意为“必须更大声说话”；“so that”意为“以便”，引导目的状语从句；“you can be heard by all”为从句部分，意为“你能被所有人听到”，其中“you”作从句主语，“can be heard”作从句谓语，“by all”作状语。 12 备战新中考，天天有收获，周周有进步，月月有突破！ 11 备战新中考，天天有收获，周周有进步，月月有突破！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $