Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 词性转换卷 -2025-2026学年高中英语译林版（2020）必修第三册

必修三 Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 词性转换卷 班级：__________ 姓名：_______________ 1、 词性转换 1. deadly adj.致命的；十足的，彻底的→ ___________________ 短语：致命的疾病→__________ adj.死亡的；死的→ ___________vi. 死，死亡，凋谢 →__________ n. 死，死亡→__________ adj.垂死的 2. broad adj.广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的→ ________________________短语：面带灿烂微笑→___________ adv.广泛地；大体上；基本上→ __________________ v. 变宽；开阔；增长（经验、知识等）→ ________________________短语：开拓视野→___________ n. 宽度 3. intend vi.&vt.想要，计划；意指→________________短语：打算做某事→_____________ n. 打算→__________ adj. 为……打算（或设计）的→______________________________ 短语：专门为…；专门给… 4. experiment n.实验，试验；尝试，实践；vi./vt/ 进行实验，做试验；尝试→_______________________________________短语：做实验→ __________________实验性的adj. 5. trial n．试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验vi.&vt.测试，试验→ __________________短语：试错法；反复试验→ _______________短语：在试验中；在受审→_______ v. 尝试 6. limited adj.有限的→__________________________________________ 短语：有限的资源/限量版/有限的空间→___________ n. 限度，限制，极限vt. 限制→____________________________ 短语：限速/时间限制 7. container n．容器；集装箱，货柜→___________ vt.包含，抑制→ ____________________________________________________ 短语：抑制我的激动/愤怒/泪水；克制自己 8. wisdom n. 智慧，知识，学问；才智；明智→___________ adj. 明智的，聪明的→______________________________ 句型：某人做某事很明智 9. beneficial adj.有益的，有用的→____________ n.益处；vt.对…有益处→___________________ 短语： 对...有益→ __________________ 短语：从...中受益 → _____________________短语：为了....的利益 10. illustrate vt.说明，解释；加插图于→_________________ n．图解，图示，插图 11. surround vt.围绕，环绕；包围；与…紧密相关→__________________________ adj.周围的，附近的→______________n．环境；周围的事物 → ____________________________短语：被…包围/环绕 12. accident n. 意外，偶然的事；事故，意外遭遇 → _____________ adj. 意外的；偶然的→__________________ adv. = ______________ 偶然，意外地 13. intelligent adj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的→______________ n.智力；聪明；智能→ ___________________短语：人工智能→______________adj. 脑力的；有才智的；n. 知识分子，脑力劳动者 14. favour/favor vt. 较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n．帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒→______________ adj. 赞同的；支持的；有利的→_______________ adj. 最喜爱的 n. 特别喜爱的人（事物）→ __________________________短语：帮某人忙→________________ 短语：同意；支持；赞成 15. charge vt.&vi. 充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n. 收费；控告；谴责；掌管→ __________________________短语：免费→ __________________________短语：由……负责→ __________________________短语：指控某人某事 16. involve vt. 包含；牵涉，影响；（使）参加→ __________________________ 短语：把某人牵涉到某事中，让某人参与做某事→ ____________ adj.参与的，卷入的→ ____________________ 短语：参与；卷入→ _______________ n. 参与，涉及 17. scientific adj.科学的，关于科学的；细致严谨的→_______________ adv.→___________ n.科学→_____________n．科学家 18. apply vt. & vi. 应用；申请；涂；有关→________________短语：申请一份工作→ ___________________________使（自己）全神贯注于；集中于→_____________ n．应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷→_____________ n．申请人 19. ignorance n．无知→___________ adj.无知的，愚昧的→______________________短语：不知道，不了解 →__________ vt. 忽视 20. freedom n．自由→______ adj.自由的；免费的v. 释放，使自由；使摆脱→___________短语：使某人摆脱... 21. permit vt. & vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能→_______________(过去式/过去分词)→ _________________(现在分词) → ______________短语：允许做某事→__________________短语：允许某人做某事→_____________ n．允许，许可→______________________________得到许可/未经允许 22. nationality n．国籍；民族→____________ adj.国家的；民族的→______________ adv. 在全国范围内，全国性地→___________ n．国家；民族→ ______________国际的adj. 23. marriage n．结婚，婚姻；已婚状态→__________ v．结婚 → ____________________________________短语：（和某人）结婚 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2、 活学活用 1. 【动词】The earthquake was so deadly that thousands of people _____________(lose) their lives within minutes. 2. Their marriage grew stronger after they ______________(survive) the earthquake together. 3. A broad smile _______________(spread) across the rescuer’s face as he ____________(see) the survivor alive. 4. There _______________(be) a notebook and several test tubes on the scientist’s desk. 5. Either you or your partner _______________(need) to record the data before the experiment ends. 6. Here _______________(be) some tips from the expert on how to stay safe during an earthquake. 7. The only thing that _______________(matter) to the scientist is finding the truth, not fame or money. 8. After the disaster, the government took broad measures _____________(help) the victims rebuild their homes. 9. The photos ______________(take) after the earthquake illustrated the full scale of the destruction. 10. Tu Youyou intended to find a cure for malaria, and her strong belief kept her _______________(go) through hundreds of failures. 11. The scientist made an accidental discovery while _______________(test) a new material in his lab. 12. After ___________(finish) the experiment, the scientist finally had the freedom to relax and enjoy a cup of tea. 13. The young couple got ______________(marry) in Suzhou and chose to work together in the same research lab. 14. Weather ______________(permit), the rescue helicopter will take off at dawn. 15. 【名词】The workers used large containers to transport relief _______________(supply) to the disaster area. 16. Artificial intelligence has greatly helped scientists analyze large ___________(amount) of data in a short time. 17. The rescue team was made up of volunteers of different ______________(nationality), all working together to save lives. 18. 【词性转换】His __________(ignore) of the lab rules once caused a small accident, which taught him a lesson. 19. Regular exercise is ___________(benefit) to both physical and mental health, especially after a stressful event. 20. The _______________ disease caused many _______________, and those who were _______________ hoped for a miracle. (die) 21. The project ______________ many students, and their deep _______________ made it a success.(involve) 22. He _______________ for the job and filled out the _______________ form carefully.(apply) 23. They ____________ the birds from the cage, and the birds enjoyed their ______________ in the sky.(free) 24. The ancient garden in Suzhou _______________ by quiet rivers and green hills, and its peaceful _______________ attract many visitors every year.(surround) 25. 【无提示词】Scientists are conducting ______ experiment to find out how plants survive in extreme climates. 26. Could you do me __________ favour and help me carry these medical supplies to the ambulance? 27. The intelligent rescue robot can search for survivors in places __________ humans cannot reach. 28. It is wise __________ the scientist to double-check the data before publishing the paper. 29. The young scientist was __________ charge of the new project, and he took his responsibility seriously. 30. He applied __________ a research position at a famous institute in Suzhou and was excited to get it. 31. The new policy is beneficial _________ the poor, and everyone can benefit __________ it. 32. The research involved both months of hard work __________ close cooperation among team members. 33. The rescue team intended to reach the flooded village before dark, ________ the heavy rain slowed them down. 三、反思与小结 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案： 一、词性转换 1. deadly → a deadly disease 短语：致命的疾病 → dead adj. 死亡的；死的 → die vi. 死，死亡，凋谢 → death n. 死，死亡 → dying adj. 垂死的 2. broad → a broad smile 短语：面带灿烂微笑 → broadly adv. 广泛地；大体上；基本上 → broaden v. 变宽；开阔；增长（经验、知识等） → broaden one’s horizons 短语：开拓视野 → breadth n. 宽度 3. intend → intend to do sth. 短语：打算做某事 → intention n. 打算 → intended adj. 为……打算（或设计）的 → be intended for / to do sth. 短语：专门为…；专门给… 4. experiment → do / carry out / conduct an experiment 短语：做实验 → experimental 实验性的 adj. 5. trial → trial and error 短语：试错法；反复试验 → on trial 短语：在试验中；在受审 → try v. 尝试 6. limited → limited resources / limited edition / limited space 短语：有限的资源/限量版/有限的空间 → limit n. 限度，限制，极限 vt. 限制 → speed limit / time limit 短语：限速/时间限制 7. container → contain vt. 包含，抑制 → contain my excitement / anger / tears / contain oneself 短语：抑制我的激动/愤怒/泪水；克制自己 8. wisdom → wise adj. 明智的，聪明的 → It is wise of sb. to do sth. 短语：某人做某事很明智 9. beneficial → benefit n. 益处；vt. 对…有益处 → be beneficial to 短语：对...有益 → benefit from 短语：从...中受益 → for the benefit of 短语：为了....的利益 10. illustrate → illustration n．图解，图示，插图 11. surround → surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 → surroundings n．环境；周围的事物 → be surrounded by / with 短语：被…包围/环绕 12. accident → accidental adj. 意外的；偶然的 → accidentally / by accident 偶然，意外地 13. intelligent → intelligence n. 智力；聪明；智能 → artificial intelligence (AI) 短语：人工智能 → intellectual adj. 脑力的；有才智的；n. 知识分子，脑力劳动者 14. favour/favor → favourable adj. 赞同的；支持的；有利的 → favourite adj. 最喜爱的 n. 特别喜爱的人（事物） → do sb. a favour 短语：帮某人忙 → in favour of 短语：同意；支持；赞成 15. charge → free of charge / for free 短语：免费 → in charge of 短语：由……负责；负责…… → charge sb. with sth. 短语：指控某人某事 16. involve → involve sb. in (doing) sth. 短语：把某人牵涉到某事中，让某人参与做某事 → involved adj. 参与的，卷入的 → be involved in 短语：参与；卷入 → involvement n. 参与，涉及 17. scientific → scientifically adv. → science n. 科学 → scientist n．科学家 18. apply → apply for a job 短语：申请一份工作 → apply oneself to (doing) sth. 使（自己）全神贯注于；集中于 → application n．应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷 → applicant n．申请人 19. ignorance → ignorant adj. 无知的，愚昧的→ be ignorant of / about 短语：不知道，不了解→ ignore vt. 忽视 20. freedom → free adj. 自由的；免费的 v. 释放，使自由；使摆脱 → free sb. from / of 短语：使某人摆脱... 21. permit → permitted 过去式 / 过去分词 → permitting 现在分词 → permit doing sth. 短语：允许做某事 → permit sb. to do sth. 短语：允许某人做某事 → permission n．允许，许可 → get / receive permission / without permission 得到许可/未经允许 22. nationality → national adj. 国家的；民族的 → nationally adv. 在全国范围内，全国性地 → nation n．国家；民族 → international 国际的 adj. 23. marriage → marry v．结婚 → marry sb /get married to sb. 短语：（和某人）结婚 二、活学活用 1. lost 2. survived 3. spread；saw 4. is 5. needs 6. are 7. matters 8. to help 9. taken 10. going 11. testing 12. finishing 13. married 14. permitting 15. supplies 16. amounts 17. nationalities 18. ignorance 19. beneficial 20. deadly；deaths；dying 21. involved；involvement 22. applied；application 23. freed；freedom 24. is surrounded；surroundings 25. an 26. a 27. where 28. of 29. in 30. for 31. to；from 32. and 33. but $