Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 单元语法（过去分词做定语，宾补和状语）练习-2025-2026学年译林版高一英语必修第三册

Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 过去分词做定语，宾补和状语 一、语法填空 1．The problem (discuss) at the meeting yesterday has been solved. 2．Notices (post) on the wall remind everyone to save water. 3．A six-meter-tall pavilion, (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden. 4．The library, (situate) on the second floor of the shopping mall, has a quiet reading area. 5．For centuries, silk-making traditions, (pass) down through generations, have shaped Lyon’s identity. 6．The bilingual books are from the Translation Series of a Hundred Jingju Classics, a project (launch) in 2011. 7．The competition, (sponsor) by a big company, attracted hundreds of participants in the housing estate. 8．The policy (intend) to protect wildlife has significantly reduced illegal hunting in the area. 9．The novel, (base) on the author’s childhood in China, has touched millions of readers. 10．From then on, if I wanted to read an ending (guarantee) to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. 11．The five young men (arrest) by the police last week are being questioned in connection with one of the attacks. 12．Cigarette smoking (combine) with a family history of heart disease also seems to greatly increase the risk. 13．The Great Wall of China is the largest structure ever (make) 2,000 years ago. 14．We have collected enough information (relate) to our speech subject. 15．A study (publish) on Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests that challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age. 16．In the court, the judge asked the (accuse) man to stand up. 17．I would recommend that you try (simplify) classic literature, such as short stories and novels rewritten in simple English. 18．Those data (transmit) back to the Earth indicates one giant leap for mankind. 19．The (process) images from the satellite help us better understand the changes in the Earth’s surface. 20．When Ryan was 6, he had trouble believing the words (speak) by his teacher. 21．She had her broken laptop (repair) at a local tech shop last week. 22．As humans, we tend to be easily influenced when it comes to liking or disliking something, and we’re happy to have our existing opinions (confirm). 23．They have already had some everyday words (add) to the new edition of the dictionary. 24．Standing on the stairs, he watched her with his arms (fold) across his chest. 25．The murderer was brought in with his hands (tie) behind his back. 26．They sat on the grass, with their eyes (fix) on the stars in the sky. 27．When you speak English, you are sure to make yourself (understand). 28．They found the window (break) when they came back. 29．He couldn’t make himself (hear) above the noise of the traffic. 30．Jackie Chan’s great performance in the movie made him (love) by more fans. 31．Hannah travels the world giving presentations, getting more people (involve) in the conservation of ocean life. 32．Besides performing and modeling, Hannah travels the world giving presentations and talks, getting more people (involve)in the conservation of ocean life. 33． (defeat) once again, the team didn’t lose their confidence. 34．When you recognize and understand your shyness, and then act (base) on that self-awareness (自我意识), it can also lead you everywhere to success. 35．Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, (compare) with his old one. 36． (warn) by their manager, they became more careful in doing their work. 37．Typically (perform) during festivals and weekends, dashuhua involves melting 500 kilograms of scrap iron at over 1,600℃. 38．After hearing the tragic news, she couldn’t utter a single word, (overcome) with extreme sadness. 39．We put on silly paper hats and had a big turkey with potatoes, (follow) by Christmas pudding. 40．Julie has no idea of what is happening outside, totally (engage) in reading a book. 二、完成句子 41．我再次向他露出歉意的微笑，恳求他延迟付款。 Flashing him another apologetic smile, . 42．几天前做过手术的那位病人现在感觉好多了。 The patient is feeling much better now. 43．Researchers diverse research methods are more adaptable in their work. 接触到多样研究方法的研究人员在工作中更具适应性。 44．小心，否则你会伤了你的手。 Be careful, or you'll have . 45．老实说，我不会让无谓的讨论占用了我的时间。 To be frank, I with useless discussion. 46．这么多眼睛盯着她，玛丽感到很紧张。 With so many eyes her, Mary felt very nervous. 47．他致力于科研工作，无暇顾及家庭事务。 , he has no time to look after his family affairs. 48．为了鼓励经济增长，政府实施了许多新政策。 encouraging economic growth, many new policies have been carried out by the government. 49． , the film is very popular. 以一个真实的故事为基础，这部电影非常受欢迎。 50． the Mogao Grottoes, these ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period of 1,000 years. 以“莫高窟”而闻名，这些古老的洞窟是一千多年前在岩石上雕刻而成的。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Scientists Who Changed the World 过去分词做定语，宾补和状语 一、语法填空 1．The problem (discuss) at the meeting yesterday has been solved. 【答案】discussed 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：昨天会议上被讨论的那个问题已经被解决了。分析句子结构可知，此空考查非谓语，the problem和discuss之间是被动关系，且动作已经发生，应用过去分词作后置定语，修饰前面名词The problem。故填discussed。 2．Notices (post) on the wall remind everyone to save water. 【答案】posted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：贴在墙上的告示提醒每个人节约用水。本句已有谓语remind，动词post“张贴”用非谓语形式，逻辑主语Notices与动词post是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，修饰名词Notices。故填posted。 3．A six-meter-tall pavilion, (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden. 【答案】inspired 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一座受《牡丹亭》启发而建的6米高的亭子，在菲尔花园建成。A six-meter-tall pavilion与inspire之间是被动关系，即亭子是“被《牡丹亭》启发”，所以用过去分词，作后置定语，修饰pavilion。故填inspired。 4．The library, (situate) on the second floor of the shopping mall, has a quiet reading area. 【答案】situated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆位于购物中心的二楼，有一个安静的阅读区。句子已有谓语动词has，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，the library和situate为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填situated。 5．For centuries, silk-making traditions, (pass) down through generations, have shaped Lyon’s identity. 【答案】passed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：几个世纪以来，代代相传的丝绸制作传统塑造了里昂的特色。此处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词silk-making traditions，且pass down与silk-making traditions 之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填 passed。 6．The bilingual books are from the Translation Series of a Hundred Jingju Classics, a project (launch) in 2011. 【答案】launched 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这套双语书籍出自《中国京剧百部经典英译系列》，该项目于2011年启动。本句谓语为are，此处为非谓语动词，且a project与launch“发起”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填launched。 7．The competition, (sponsor) by a big company, attracted hundreds of participants in the housing estate. 【答案】sponsored 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这场由一家大公司赞助的竞赛，在该住宅区吸引了数百名参与者。此处sponsor与competition构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填sponsored。 8．The policy (intend) to protect wildlife has significantly reduced illegal hunting in the area. 【答案】intended 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这项旨在保护野生动物的政策显著减少了该地区的非法捕猎。分析句子结构可知，此空考查非谓语，intend与逻辑主语The policy之间是被动关系，再由语境可知，这里应用过去分词作后置定语，符合语境。故填intended。 9．The novel, (base) on the author’s childhood in China, has touched millions of readers. 【答案】based 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部小说以作者在中国的童年经历为背景，深受数百万读者的喜爱。此处base与novel构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填based。 10．From then on, if I wanted to read an ending (guarantee) to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance. 【答案】guaranteed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从那时起，如果我想读一个保证幸福的结局，我就会选一部爱情小说。guarantee和ending之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作定语，故填guaranteed。 11．The five young men (arrest) by the police last week are being questioned in connection with one of the attacks. 【答案】arrested 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上周被警方逮捕的五名年轻人正在就其中一起袭击事件接受讯问。本句已有谓语are being questioned，动词arrest“逮捕”用非谓语形式，逻辑主语The five young men与动词arrest是动宾关系，用过去分词，作后置定语，修饰名词The five young men。故填arrested。 12．Cigarette smoking (combine) with a family history of heart disease also seems to greatly increase the risk. 【答案】combined 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：吸烟与心脏病家族史相结合似乎也会大大增加患病风险。句中已有谓语动词seems，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词Cigarette smoking，combine和Cigarette smoking之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填combined。 13．The Great Wall of China is the largest structure ever (make) 2,000 years ago. 【答案】made 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的长城是2000年前建造的最大的建筑。“(make) 2,000 years ago”作后置定语，make(制造，建造)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“the largest structure”之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式表被动。故填made。 14．We have collected enough information (relate) to our speech subject. 【答案】related 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们已经收集了足够多的与演讲主题相关的信息。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词information，且be related to是固定短语，意为“与……相关”，因此用过去分词related作后置定语。故填related。 15．A study (publish) on Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests that challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age. 【答案】published 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：周三发表在《神经病学》杂志上的一项研究表明，富有挑战性的工作或可维持年龄增长过程中的认知敏锐度。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词suggests，因此空处需用非谓语动词形式。study (研究)与动词publish是被动关系，且是已发表的研究，应用过去分词published作后置定语，修饰study。故填published。 16．In the court, the judge asked the (accuse) man to stand up. 【答案】accused 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在法庭上，法官让被告男子站了起来。此处accuse与man构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填accused。 17．I would recommend that you try (simplify) classic literature, such as short stories and novels rewritten in simple English. 【答案】simplified 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我建议你尝试阅读简化的经典文学作品，比如那些用简单英语重新创作的短篇小说和长篇小说。所填词作定语修饰名词classic literature(经典文学作品)，classic literature与动词simplify之间是被动关系，用过去分词作前置定语，表被动。故填simplified。 18．Those data (transmit) back to the Earth indicates one giant leap for mankind. 【答案】transmitted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些传送回地球的数据标志着人类的一大步。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“indicates”，因此空格处应用非谓语动词形式。“data”与“transmit”之间为被动关系，即数据被传送，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填 transmitted。 19．The (process) images from the satellite help us better understand the changes in the Earth’s surface. 【答案】processed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：来自卫星的经过处理的图像帮助我们更好地理解地球表面的变化。空处修饰名词images，应填非谓语动词作定语，结合句意可知，images和process之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式，表示“经过处理的”。故填processed。 20．When Ryan was 6, he had trouble believing the words (speak) by his teacher. 【答案】spoken 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当Ryan六岁的时候，他发现相信老师说的话有困难。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰words，words和speak为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填spoken。 21．She had her broken laptop (repair) at a local tech shop last week. 【答案】repaired 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她上周在当地一家技术商店修理了坏了的笔记本电脑。句中已有谓语had，空处作非谓语动词，repair与her broken laptop之间是被动关系，所以空处使用过去分词形式，固定结构have sth. done意为“使某事被做”，repair的过去分词为repaired。故填repaired。 22．As humans, we tend to be easily influenced when it comes to liking or disliking something, and we’re happy to have our existing opinions (confirm). 【答案】confirmed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为人类，我们在喜欢或不喜欢某样东西时往往容易受到他人影响，并且乐于看到自己现有的观点得到证实。设空处作宾语补足语。此处为have sth. done结构，opinions与confirm之间为逻辑上的被动关系，空处用过去分词作宾补。故填confirmed。 23．They have already had some everyday words (add) to the new edition of the dictionary. 【答案】added 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们已经在这本词典的新版本中添加了一些日常用语。句中已有谓语动词 have had，且设空处与 some everyday words 之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填 added。 24．Standing on the stairs, he watched her with his arms (fold) across his chest. 【答案】folded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他站在楼梯上，双臂交叉在胸前看着她。此处为with的复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，his arms与fold之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此使用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填folded。 25．The murderer was brought in with his hands (tie) behind his back. 【答案】tied 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：凶手被带进来时双手被反绑在背后。此处是with的复合结构，tie与hands构成被动关系，用过去分词作宾补。故填tied。 26．They sat on the grass, with their eyes (fix) on the stars in the sky. 【答案】fixed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们坐在草地上，眼睛盯着天空中的星星。fix one’s eyes on“目不转睛地盯着”，为固定短语。此处为with的复合结构，即“with +宾语+宾语补足语”，their eyes和fix之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填fixed。 27．When you speak English, you are sure to make yourself (understand). 【答案】understood 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你说英语时，你一定要让别人听懂你的话。句中谓语是are，空格处用非谓语动词，yourself和understand之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语，故填understood。 28．They found the window (break) when they came back. 【答案】broken 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：他们回来时发现窗户被打破了。分析句子可知，此处为“find + sb. /sth. + 过去分词”表示“发现某人/某物被……”，“他们回来时发现窗户被打破了”，所以此处为过去分词形式broken作宾语补足语。故填broken。 29．He couldn’t make himself (hear) above the noise of the traffic. 【答案】heard 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在车辆的喧闹声中，他无法使自己的声音被听见。此处为make+宾语+宾语补足语结构，且himsel与hear为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填heard。 30．Jackie Chan’s great performance in the movie made him (love) by more fans. 【答案】loved 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：成龙在电影中的出色表现使他受到更多粉丝的喜爱。此处love与him构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填loved。 31．Hannah travels the world giving presentations, getting more people (involve) in the conservation of ocean life. 【答案】involved 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：汉娜周游世界做演讲，让更多的人参与到海洋生物的保护中来。设空处作宾语补足语，宾语more people与动词involve“使参加”构成逻辑上的被动关系，应填过去分词。故填involved。 【点睛】 32．Besides performing and modeling, Hannah travels the world giving presentations and talks, getting more people (involve)in the conservation of ocean life. 【答案】involved 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：除了表演和模特，汉娜周游世界做报告和演讲，让更多的人参与到海洋生物的保护中来。be involved in“参与”，去掉be动词， people与involve之间是被动关系，本句为过去分词作宾语补足语。故填involved。 33． (defeat) once again, the team didn’t lose their confidence. 【答案】Defeated 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：尽管又一次被打败，这支队伍并没有失去信心。此处为非谓语动词作状语，team与defeat之间是被动关系，用过去分词defeated，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Defeated。 34．When you recognize and understand your shyness, and then act (base) on that self-awareness (自我意识), it can also lead you everywhere to success. 【答案】based 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你认识并了解自己的害羞，然后基于这种自我意识行事时，它也能引领你走向成功。“(base) on that self-awareness (自我意识)”作方式状语，base…on…(以……为基础/根据)用非谓语形式，该短语用作非谓语动词是用过去分词表被动。故填based。 35．Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, (compare) with his old one. 【答案】compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与迈克尔的旧房子相比，他的新房子就像一座巨大的宫殿。compare和逻辑主语Michael’s new house之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作状语，故填compared。 36． (warn) by their manager, they became more careful in doing their work. 【答案】Warned 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被经理警告后，他们工作时变得更加谨慎。此处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语they与warn之间为被动关系，且动作已经发生，所以此处用过去分词形式warned，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Warned。 37．Typically (perform) during festivals and weekends, dashuhua involves melting 500 kilograms of scrap iron at over 1,600℃. 【答案】performed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“打树花”通常在节日和周末表演，它需要在超过1600摄氏度的高温下熔化500公斤废铁。“(perform) during festivals and weekends”在句中作伴随状语，perform(演出，表演)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语是dashuhua，之间是被动关系，即“打树花被表演”，用过去分词表被动。故填performed。 38．After hearing the tragic news, she couldn’t utter a single word, (overcome) with extreme sadness. 【答案】overcome 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：在听到这个悲惨的消息后，她因极度的悲伤而说不出一句话。此处为非谓语动词作状语，overcome与逻辑主语she之间为被动关系，需用过去分词overcome。故填overcome。 39．We put on silly paper hats and had a big turkey with potatoes, (follow) by Christmas pudding. 【答案】followed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们戴上傻傻的纸帽子，吃了一只大火鸡和土豆，然后吃了圣诞布丁。此处follow与turkey with potatoes为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填followed。 40．Julie has no idea of what is happening outside, totally (engage) in reading a book. 【答案】engaged 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：朱莉不知道外面发生了什么，她完全沉浸在读书中。空格处作状语，固定搭配be engaged in，意为“专注于”，作非谓语动词时应去掉be动词，用过去分词形式。故填engaged。 二、完成句子 41．我再次向他露出歉意的微笑，恳求他延迟付款。 Flashing him another apologetic smile, . 【答案】I begged him for a delayed payment 【详解】考查时态、固定短语、非谓语动词。表示“我”用I，作主语。表示“恳求某人某事”用beg sb. for sth.，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，谓语用begged。“他”作begged的宾语，用宾格him。“付款”用payment，作for的宾语。表示“推迟”用delay，与payment为被动关系，用过去分词，作定语。表示“延迟付款”用a delayed payment。故填I begged him for a delayed payment。 42．几天前做过手术的那位病人现在感觉好多了。 The patient is feeling much better now. 【答案】operated on the other day 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“给……做手术”应用动词operate on，与atient构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语；表示“几天前”为the other day。故填operated on the other day。 43．Researchers diverse research methods are more adaptable in their work. 接触到多样研究方法的研究人员在工作中更具适应性。 【答案】exposed to 【详解】考查非谓语。结合句意“接触”可知短语为be exposed to，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作定语修饰Researchers。故填exposed to。 44．小心，否则你会伤了你的手。 Be careful, or you'll have . 【答案】your hands hurt 【详解】考查动词的固定结构。分析句子，设空处使用“have +宾语+宾语补足语”结构，表示“伤了你的手”使用have your hands hurt，该结构中使用过去分词作宾补结构，表示被动关系，此处hands与hurt是被动关系。故填have your hands hurt。 45．老实说，我不会让无谓的讨论占用了我的时间。 To be frank, I with useless discussion. 【答案】won’t have my time taken up 【详解】考查固定搭配。“不会……”用won’t表示；“我的时间”翻译为my time；“占用”用动词短语take up表示；my time与动词短语take up之间是被动关系，所以“让……占用了我的时间”应该用have my time taken up表示。故填won’t have my time taken up。 46．这么多眼睛盯着她，玛丽感到很紧张。 With so many eyes her, Mary felt very nervous. 【答案】 focused / fixed on 【详解】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要填入“盯着”，可用动词短语focus/fix on。此处需要非谓语动词作宾语补足语。该动词和宾语so many eyes之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。“with so many eyes focused / fixed on her”意为“这么多双眼睛盯着她”，为with的复合结构在句中作状语。故填①focused / fixed②on。 47．他致力于科研工作，无暇顾及家庭事务。 , he has no time to look after his family affairs. 【答案】Devoted to his scientific research/Devoting himself to his scientific research 【详解】考查非谓语动词。be devoted to...表达为“致力于……”，此处用过去分词短语Devoted to his scientific research作原因状语，因为句子主语he和devote构成被动关系，即“全身心投入”，故用过去分词形式。  devote oneself to...表达为“致力于……”，这里devote与句子主语he构成主动关系，即“他致力于”，所以用现在分词短语Devoting himself to his scientific research作原因状语。  首字母大写。故填Devoted to his scientific research/Devoting himself to his scientific research。 48．为了鼓励经济增长，政府实施了许多新政策。 encouraging economic growth, many new policies have been carried out by the government. 【答案】 Aimed at 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，此处表示“为了”为动词短语be aimed at，所以此处aim与many new policies之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填①Aimed②at 。 49． , the film is very popular. 以一个真实的故事为基础，这部电影非常受欢迎。 【答案】Based on a true story 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据汉语提示，表示“基于……”用be based on，句中is为谓语动词，设空处使用过去分词作状语；表示“一个真实的故事”用a true story。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Based on a true story。 50． the Mogao Grottoes, these ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period of 1,000 years. 以“莫高窟”而闻名，这些古老的洞窟是一千多年前在岩石上雕刻而成的。 【答案】Known as 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。根据汉语句子可知，空格处意为“以……而闻名”，是固定短语be known as，该句的谓语动词是were carved，且无连词，空处应用非谓语动词，be known as省略be，用过去分词作状语。句首字母大写，故填Known as。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $