精品解析：湖南省长沙市明德中学2025-2026学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题

2025-2026：明德中学高二下学期第一次月考 英 语 注意事项： 1、答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号； 2、必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效； 3、答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示； 4、请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁; 5、答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸； 6、本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。 试卷分四个部分，67小题，时量120分钟，满分150分。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 1. Why do the two speakers want to go in to a bar? A. Because they don’t want to be caught in the rain. B. Because they want to have a drink. C. Because they want to meet another friend. 2. How long will the man have to wait before the plane takes off at the airport? A. 105 minutes. B. 80 minutes. C. 75 minutes. 3. What is the woman going to buy? A. Pants suit. B. A blouse. C. A coat. 4. What can we learn from this conversation? A. Michael is playing in the garden. B. Sally is playing in the garden. C. Sally is not present here. 5. What kind of coffee does the man prefer? A. White coffee without sugar. B. Coffee with sugar. C. Coffee without milk or sugar. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. For which day did the man book a room finally? A. April 22nd. B. April 21st. C. April 23rd. 7. How much will the man pay for the room? A. 100 dollars. B. 99 dollars. C. 108 dollars. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why doesn’t the man book the seats downstairs? A. It’s too expensive. B. It’s too crowded. C. It’s too far. 9. When does the man plan to see the performance? A. Next Saturday. B. On October 21st. C. On October 25th. 10. How much does each upstairs ticket cost? A. $10. B.$3.75. C. $2.50. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Saleswoman and customer. 12. Where is Tom Brown working now? A. In the Spanish department. B. At the French Company. C. In the National Bank. 13. Which language do you think Kathy Smith teaches now? A. German. B. Spanish. C. French. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a bank. B. At an airport ticket office. C. At a police station. 15. Where was the woman’s money probably stolen? A. Near the bank. B. On the moving stair from the underground. C. Around the police station. 16. What’s the woman doing in the city? A. Doing a business. B. Paying a visit. C. Having lessons 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What was children’s education like in the past? A. Children liked to sit in the classroom for hours. B. Children kept repeating until they memorized C. Children could think and learn by themselves. 18. What do we learn from the passage? A. Children today like staying in school. B. Some children hate to leave when the teachers ask them to. C. We must encourage children to self-learn. 19. Why can’t some of the children find jobs? A. They are too young to do so. B. Their parents won’t allow them to do so. C. The teachers won’t help them do so. 20. What do many teachers consider? A. Wondering if they can make children learn. B. Wondering if children can learn by themselves. C. Wondering what they should do to help children learn. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15个小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Fort Street Hotel Fort Street Hotel is located in a beautiful historic building in Auckland CBD (Central Business District). Facilities include free coffee, a sauna, a rooftop kitchen with beautiful views of the city and harbor. Free daily activities include walking tours and barbecue events. Fort Street Hotel is within a 10-minute walk from Spark Arena, Sky Tower and Viaduct Harbor. It is a 5-minute walk to Britomart Train Station and Queen Street is just around the corner. You can relax in the sauna, then head down to the bar, located on Darby Street, to meet fellow travelers from all over the world. Free Wi-Fi is available 24 hours a day in the common area on Level 1. Great location: 16-20 Fort Street, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand — show map Most popular facilities #Non-smoking rooms # Free Wi-Fi #Free parking #24-hour front desk # Laundry Room Types Sleeps Today’s Price Your Choices Budget Double Room without Window 1 full-size bed 12 m² Private Bathroom / TV / Free Wi-Fi / Shower / Hairdryer / Fan / Towels / Sheets (extra fee) / Upper floors accessible by elevator / Toilet paper Maximum: 2 people USD 237 USD 225 Includes taxes and fees •Non-refundable •Pay in advance •Only 4 rooms left on our site Standard Twin Room with Shared Bathroom 2 twin beds 20 m² Free Wi-Fi / Shower / Toilet paper / Shared bathroom Maximum: 4 people USD 303 USD 287 Includes taxes and fees •Free cancellation until 11:59 pm on April 2, 2022 •Pay in advance •Only 6 rooms left on our site Triple Room with Shared Bathroom 3 twin beds 30 m² Free Wi-Fi / Shower / Toilet paper / Shared bathroom Maximum: 6 people USD 483 USD 358 Includes taxes and fees •Free cancellation until 11:59 pm on April 2, 2022 •Pay in advance •Only 5 rooms left on our site 1. What is an advantage of this hotel? A. Free laundry. B. Favorable location. C. Independent smoking space. D. A unique underground kitchen. 2. How much should the Smiths with 2 kids pay for 2 nights at this hotel? A. USD 574. B. USD 358. C. USD 606. D. USD 450. 3. Where does the text probably come from? A. A magazine. B. A travel guide. C. A web page. D. A reference book. B When I arrived at the Sign Language Center in Manhattan for my first American Sign Language (ASL) class, a man took one look at my hesitant posture and held up some fingers. One? Two? I put up one finger, and he directed me to the Level 1 class. It was disorienting: Class time was strictly “voices off” to encourage immersive learning and to show respect to the deaf teachers. Without the power of speech, all my classmates and I could do was smile and nod at one another as we took in the new vocabulary. Learning ASL in the early weeks was a culture shock. As a writer, I pride myself on a certain facility with language. I was taught that there’s a perfect combination of words that can most precisely communicate any thought. With ASL, I expected to feel similarly, and thought fluency would come once I collected a critical mass of signs. The first thing you learn in ASL class is the alphabet. As my classmates and I asked and answered questions using words we didn’t have the signs for, those early weeks were filled with laborious spelling. It was embarrassing: Seeing a dozen politely smiling faces watching me as I slowly spelled, misspelled and restarted spelling words —often multiple times — was its own kind of torture. Over time, I picked up on new conventions, like waving a hand or stomping (跺脚) on the ground to get someone’s attention. My fingers stopped as they reached for new shapes, and I struggled to differentiate very similar looking signs. Eventually I realized that when you’re communicating in sign language, diction (措辞) is not as important as the way you embody (具体化) what you’re communicating. I once asked a teacher how to sign the word “desperate”. “ASL doesn’t have a direct translation of every English word,” he told me. “If you want to sign ‘desperate’, you might just sign the word ‘want’, but with the appropriate facial and body posturing to show your desperation. It doesn’t make sense to sign ‘frustrated’ if your face doesn’t look at all frustrated,” he added — it’s like speaking in a single unvarying tone while claiming you’re angry. I’ve been attending ASL classes for almost two years. Initially, my reason was insignificant: a childhood fascination with “secret languages”. While ASL may not wholly share a vocabulary with English, that doesn’t mean it lacks precision. Its precision, I’ve learned, lies in the common language of the body. 4. How did the author feel in the first ASL class? A. Confused. B. Frustrated. C. Anxious. D. Ambitious. 5. What made the author embarrassed when learning the alphabet? A. Putting on smiling facial expressions. B. Being made fun of in front of the class. C. Misspelling and respelling words repeatedly. D. Waving a hand to get someone’s attention. 6. According to the passage, what can we learn about ASL? A. It requires a combination of signs and emotions. B. It conveys more emotions than verbal language. C. It’s a universal language system across cultures. D. It has a direct translation of signs for every word. 7. What has the author learned from her learning experience? A. ASL prioritizes precision over communication. B. Diction is what gives language flavour. C. Fluency comes from the mastery of signs. D. The body is what gives language life. C When visiting a doctor a few years from now, you can expect to be accompanied by a virtual version of yourself. This so-called digital twin will be a working model of your body that can be displayed onto a physician’s computer screen. Updated with your latest vital signs, it will help the doctor make an accurate diagnosis. It also opens the door for medicines and procedures designed specifically for you, increasing recovery rates. This might seem like fantasy, but the foundations are being laid. Researchers at Queen Mary University of London (QMUL)already use computer simulations(模拟)of the hearts of patients to assess different treatments for a heart disorder. It would be far too dangerous to experiment this way on someone’s real heart. Digital twins are starting to pop up everywhere, monitoring the health of jet engines on airliners and letting carmakers shave years off the development of new models by simulating test drives and crashes. All this is being turbocharged by recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI), which gives twins the ability to make predictions about their physical counterparts(对应的事物), and fine-tune themselves on new information. Digital twins began as basic computer models of physical objects and systems and have become more advanced with computers becoming more powerful. Complex design and modelling software means many physical objects initially take shape in the virtual world. Small sensors feed twins with real-time data, ensuring that they mirror their physical counterparts. Digital twins make it easier for humans to tackle complex problems, allowing people to peer into the future, spotting problems before they materialize and testing wild ideas without real-world consequences. For businesses, this should mean better designs and operations. For society, the promise is equally appealing: personalized health care, and clues as to how the planet might avoid environmental catastrophe. Could these virtual twins go out of control? They might if they are programmed badly, or hacked into. Digital twins will gobble up(吞噬) mountains of data, some of it wrong or prejudiced and much of it raising concerns about privacy. Yet these risks are not specific to digital twins. They apply to all emerging technologies, as they always have and always will. The emergence of the digital mirror world will doubtless raise new questions, but its potential advantages are already plain to see. 8. What is the main function of a digital twin of a patient? A. To replace the patient in doctor visits. B. To track the results of physical checkups. C. To assist doctors in making accurate diagnoses. D. To store all the patient’s past medical records. 9. Why do researchers at QMUL use computer simulations of hearts? A. Because it can reduce the cost of the operation. B. Because it is more convenient than using real hearts. C. Because it can help increase patients’ recovery rates. D. Because it can avoid the risk of experimenting on real hearts. 10. How does AI contribute to the development of digital twins? A. It creates the basic computer models of physical systems. B. It offers the ability to forecast and adjust based on new data. C. It enables the perfect simulation of all physical objects. D. It tackles the complex problems in the real-world application. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the digital twins? A. Cautious. B. Indifferent. C. Optimistic. D. Critical. D I’m sure you’ve all taken some personality tests, like MBTI test or those in psychology class, that can be great for icebreaker activities but how do introversion and extroversion (内向与外向) play out in our daily lives? An introverted brain has a high automatic system reactivity which means that they are far less likely to seek out stimulation. Hence, introverts tend to be less social, avoid conflict and often process things the best when alone. Extroverts, however, draw their attention from the environment because of their brain’s low stimulation. They seek out social situations and often feel more comfortable in group settings. Our current education system emphasizes the need for “collaborative learning”, “project-based learning” and “flipped classrooms (翻转课堂)”. In this system, introversion in students can be commonly misinterpreted by teachers as boredom or problematic issues. Furthermore, introverted students are less likely to participate in group discussions, and oftentimes feel more pressure and anxiety to become extroverted. These feelings can easily flow into other aspects of life and impact an introvert’s social and academic life. However, there are still upsides to being an introvert. Introverts may not always thrive in the social aspects of a class, but their intense concentration and tendency to be organized and methodical can reflect further success in conventional forms of education like grades and exams. On average, more intelligent children are-found to be introverts than extroverts. So, what can teachers do? Firstly, one of the most important steps is recognizing; understanding the need to accommodate introverted students, while supporting extroverted students. For example, teachers can redefine participation. Participation shouldn’t just represent the times a student raises their hand or speaks in a discussion. Helping others, volunteering, revising work, etc. all reflect a student’s participation in the class. Besides, they can consider playing with space. Grouped desks might be great for extroverts but consider creating “quiet zones” for students willing to focus on a task or create submission boxes for introverted students to leave their discussion thought. 12. What is the cause of the difference between introverts and extroverts? A. Communication abilities. B. Attitude towards conflicts. C. Problem processing capability. D. Brain reactivity to stimulation. 13. What does the underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Succeed. B. Emerge. C. Withdraw. D. Struggle. 14. What does the author suggest teachers do? A. Develop students’ self-management skills B. Guide students to develop intense concentration. C. Encourage students to participate in class debates. D. Create an introvert-friendly learning environment. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Introverts & Extroverts: How Students React to Teaching B. Psychology of Personality: Challenges of Being Introverted C. Introverts & Extroverts: When Classrooms Overlook Introverts D. Psychology of Personality: Discussions on Class Participation 第二节（共5个小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 No More Chicken Wings, Please! Could I eat another bite? I glanced at my car seat, piled high with takeaway chicken wings. Six orders in one afternoon had pushed me to my limit. Feeling overly full was nothing new for a food critic, but I’d finally had enough of this stressful, unhealthy job. Six years earlier, I’d been thrilled to land this job. I drove hundreds of miles every week, eating out four to five times a day to hunt for hidden restaurants, unique dishes and untold stories. ____16____ “Wait! You get paid to eat? That’s my dream job,” they’d say. Outwardly it seemed like a dream job, but it was far from enjoyable. I never complained about the pressure, rushing from meal to meal and deadline to deadline, constantly putting off regular medical check-ups. ____17____ “I’d like this number lower,” my doctor said, pointing at my high cholesterol. “I can’t control my diet for work,” I replied. Many food writers only take one bite of each dish, but I always finished the meals I loved. My weight climbed steadily, exercise did little to help, and long-term overeating did lasting harm to my body. One day, my doctor warned me seriously, “You’re pre-diabetic.” ____18____ I tried to process the shocking news while eating fish tacos nearby, still unable to turn down the food in front of me. I stayed in the job for another year, but I gradually began to dream of simple home cooking instead of endless restaurant meals. ____19____ “I’m leaving the newspaper,” I told my boss. “Are you sure?” she asked in surprise. Yes, I was completely certain. ____20____ It took months to control my oversized appetite and break bad eating habits, but I was determined to regain my health. Nine months later, I’ve lost the extra weight and my blood sugar is back to normal. Less stress has even made me look younger. “You look so relaxed,” friends said. A. Tight deadlines took up all my personal time. B. A huge weight was instantly lifted off my mind. C. I decided to quit for my health before it was too late. D. People envied my job the moment they heard about it. E. My blood test results were alarming when I saw a doctor. F. The tiring work and overeating ruined my health gradually. G. OK, so my blood sugar had become a worrying problem too. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Simon Griffiths is the founder of Who Gives A Crap, a company that has ____21____ the toilet paper industry. His journey began with a(n) ____22____ statistic — 2.4 billion people don’t have ____23____ to a toilet, about 40% of the world! While volunteering in Asia and Africa, Simon ____24____ organizations doing incredible things to help people there, but the lack of sustainable funding greatly ____25____ their work. Inspired by his experience in developing countries, Simon ____26____ to sell goods to make a difference. But what he should sell? One day, Simon walked into the bathroom and a good idea ____27____ him: he could sell toilet paper and donate half profits to help fund organizations build toilets. Who Gives A Crap was born. Too often, people buy products that ____28____ to their taste but without clever packaging, so his ____29____ was to create something that ____30____ quality and aesthetics (美学), so that people would want to put it in their bathroom. It was not beyond their ____31____ that their goods sold well. Their donation to WaterAid Australia has grown from the initial 2, 500 AUD to 5.85 million AUD, they becoming its largest ____32____. When interviewed, Simon said “I tried various jobs before Who Gives A Crap. But after working in both corporate and non-profit organizations, I ____33____ I wanted to combine business with social ____34____ so I found the way to use profits from everyday products to do good ____35____.” 21. A. created B. transformed C. occupied D. disturbed 22. A. interesting B. obvious C. shocking D. awesome 23. A. access B. fantasy C. entrance D. preference 24. A. announced B. witnessed C. imagined D. suggested 25. A. took up B. weighed up C. held back D. appealed to 26. A. revealed B. revised C. resigned D. resolved 27. A. annoyed B. struck C. bothered D. chose 28. A. subscribe B. react C. stick D. cater 29. A. intention B. attitude C. assumption D. criterion 30. A. ignored B. combined C. evaluated D. adopted 31. A. expectation B. description C. passion D. occupation 32. A. partner B. client C. opponent D. donor 33. A. blamed B. denied C. realized D. detected 34. A. impacts B. careers C. prospects D. conflicts 35. A. appropriately B. immediately C. globally D. individually 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2016, Shennongjia made it onto the UNESCO World Heritage List. It was awarded this status because it meets two criteria ____36____(require) by the list. It contains a naturally-balanced environment that allows the many and various species ____37____(live)and prosper. It is also one of the rare locations in the world where scientists can observe the ecological and biological processes ____38____ occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve. For the first criterion, Shennongjia is ____39____(apparent) one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world. The region rises from about 400 metres to over 3,000metres above sea level, ____40____(result)in a great variation in climatic conditions and a wide variety of species. Some of the plants and animals ____41____(regard)as living fossils. What’s more, according to official statistics, over 3,000 plant species have been recorded, which represents more than ten percent of China’s total floral ____42____(rich). Shennongjia also supports more than 600 vertebrate species and around 4,300 insect species. Therefore, it is ____43____ challenge to look after so many species. Thanks to people’s efforts, the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey’s population ____44____(double)since the 1980s. The most-impressive aspect is the local people, who take things from nature ____45____ causing damage. All of this highlights how understanding, awareness and hard work have contributed towards protecting the unique natural world. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是高中生李华，你的美国笔友David热爱中国传统文化，最近打算来中国工作生活一段时间，但是不确定应该去往哪个城市，写信向你咨询。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： (1)你推荐的城市； (2)推荐的理由(不少于两条)； (3)美好祝愿。 注意：(1)词数80左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear David, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jane was the fastest runner in the school’s track and field team (田径队). Every morning, she’d be the first to reach the track, her old running shoes hitting the ground-their bottoms were broken, and the laces had been tied many circles to keep them from falling apart. Life at home was a mess: her dad’s small repair shop closed down, and her mom had to take on two part-time jobs to pay the bills. But Jane never complained (抱怨); running was her way to relax, and she’d even won third place in the last city 800-meter race with those worn shoes. One afternoon, the coach called the team together: “The city’s track competition is next month. All runners must wear new running shoes for safety and better performance — no old or worn ones allowed.” Jane’s heart dropped. She looked down at her shoes, knowing a new pair would cost too much and that her family couldn’t afford it. That night, she sat on her bed, touching the shoes over and over, all kinds of ideas flying across the mind. She thought of giving up the competition, but the thought of letting her team down made her heart ache. The next day, Jane fell behind during practice, her steps slower than usual. Sarah, the team’s leader and her closest friend, noticed. “You’re not your usual self — what’s troubling you?” At first, Jane shook her head, but she opened up at last. She talked about the new shoes and her family’s trouble. Sarah listened quietly, and then said, “We’ll work this out together.” After practice, Sarah gathered the team except Jane secretly. “Jane’s our top long-distance runner — we can’t let her miss the competition!” They discussed ideas: a bake sale, a charity (慈善) concert... and finally decided on a second-hand book and toy charity sale. For a week, they collected things from classmates and teachers, set up a stand every afternoon, and told everyone about Jane’s story. By Sunday evening, they’d raised more than enough for the shoes — and even a little extra for her family. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Sarah handed Jane a pair of shoes and some money, Jane was surprised. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On the day of the competition, Jane stepped onto the track in her new shoes. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026：明德中学高二下学期第一次月考 英 语 注意事项： 1、答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号； 2、必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效； 3、答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示； 4、请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁; 5、答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸； 6、本学科试卷中听力材料以中速朗读两遍。 试卷分四个部分，67小题，时量120分钟，满分150分。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 1. Why do the two speakers want to go in to a bar? A. Because they don’t want to be caught in the rain. B. Because they want to have a drink. C. Because they want to meet another friend. 2. How long will the man have to wait before the plane takes off at the airport? A. 105 minutes. B. 80 minutes. C. 75 minutes. 3. What is the woman going to buy? A. Pants suit. B. A blouse. C. A coat. 4. What can we learn from this conversation? A. Michael is playing in the garden. B. Sally is playing in the garden. C. Sally is not present here. 5. What kind of coffee does the man prefer? A. White coffee without sugar. B. Coffee with sugar. C. Coffee without milk or sugar. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. For which day did the man book a room finally? A. April 22nd. B. April 21st. C. April 23rd. 7. How much will the man pay for the room? A. 100 dollars. B. 99 dollars. C. 108 dollars. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why doesn’t the man book the seats downstairs? A. It’s too expensive. B. It’s too crowded. C. It’s too far. 9. When does the man plan to see the performance? A. Next Saturday. B. On October 21st. C. On October 25th. 10. How much does each upstairs ticket cost? A. $10. B.$3.75. C. $2.50. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Classmates. C. Saleswoman and customer. 12. Where is Tom Brown working now? A. In the Spanish department. B. At the French Company. C. In the National Bank. 13. Which language do you think Kathy Smith teaches now? A. German. B. Spanish. C. French. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a bank. B. At an airport ticket office. C. At a police station. 15. Where was the woman’s money probably stolen? A. Near the bank. B. On the moving stair from the underground. C. Around the police station. 16. What’s the woman doing in the city? A. Doing a business. B. Paying a visit. C. Having lessons 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. What was children’s education like in the past? A. Children liked to sit in the classroom for hours. B. Children kept repeating until they memorized C. Children could think and learn by themselves. 18. What do we learn from the passage? A. Children today like staying in school. B. Some children hate to leave when the teachers ask them to. C. We must encourage children to self-learn. 19. Why can’t some of the children find jobs? A. They are too young to do so. B. Their parents won’t allow them to do so. C. The teachers won’t help them do so. 20. What do many teachers consider? A. Wondering if they can make children learn. B. Wondering if children can learn by themselves. C. Wondering what they should do to help children learn. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15个小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Fort Street Hotel Fort Street Hotel is located in a beautiful historic building in Auckland CBD (Central Business District). Facilities include free coffee, a sauna, a rooftop kitchen with beautiful views of the city and harbor. Free daily activities include walking tours and barbecue events. Fort Street Hotel is within a 10-minute walk from Spark Arena, Sky Tower and Viaduct Harbor. It is a 5-minute walk to Britomart Train Station and Queen Street is just around the corner. You can relax in the sauna, then head down to the bar, located on Darby Street, to meet fellow travelers from all over the world. Free Wi-Fi is available 24 hours a day in the common area on Level 1. Great location: 16-20 Fort Street, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand — show map Most popular facilities #Non-smoking rooms # Free Wi-Fi #Free parking #24-hour front desk # Laundry Room Types Sleeps Today’s Price Your Choices Budget Double Room without Window 1 full-size bed 12 m² Private Bathroom / TV / Free Wi-Fi / Shower / Hairdryer / Fan / Towels / Sheets (extra fee) / Upper floors accessible by elevator / Toilet paper Maximum: 2 people USD 237 USD 225 Includes taxes and fees •Non-refundable •Pay in advance •Only 4 rooms left on our site Standard Twin Room with Shared Bathroom 2 twin beds 20 m² Free Wi-Fi / Shower / Toilet paper / Shared bathroom Maximum: 4 people USD 303 USD 287 Includes taxes and fees •Free cancellation until 11:59 pm on April 2, 2022 •Pay in advance •Only 6 rooms left on our site Triple Room with Shared Bathroom 3 twin beds 30 m² Free Wi-Fi / Shower / Toilet paper / Shared bathroom Maximum: 6 people USD 483 USD 358 Includes taxes and fees •Free cancellation until 11:59 pm on April 2, 2022 •Pay in advance •Only 5 rooms left on our site 1. What is an advantage of this hotel? A. Free laundry. B. Favorable location. C. Independent smoking space. D. A unique underground kitchen. 2. How much should the Smiths with 2 kids pay for 2 nights at this hotel? A. USD 574. B. USD 358. C. USD 606. D. USD 450. 3. Where does the text probably come from? A. A magazine. B. A travel guide. C. A web page. D. A reference book. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一家名为“Fort Street Hotel”的旅馆，介绍了它的地理位置，服务和房间类型。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Fort Street Hotel is within a 10-minute walk from Spark Arena, Sky Tower and Viaduct Harbor. It is a 5-minute walk to Britomart Train Station and Queen Street is just around the corner.”（Fort Street Hotel距离星火竞技场、天空塔和高架桥港仅需步行10分钟。步行5分钟即可到达布里托马特火车站，皇后街就在拐角处。）可知，这家酒店地理位置优越，离著名景点和火车站都很近，由此可知，这家酒店的一个优势是拥有优越的地理位置。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据题目可知，史密斯夫妇和两个孩子共四个人，结合房间类型的表格可知，他们需要选择“Standard Twin Room with Shared Bathroom”，这个房型最多可以住四个人，结合“Standard Twin Room with Shared Bathroom”部分关键句“USD 303, USD 287, Includes taxes and fees”（原价303美元，现价287美元，包括税费）可知，这个房型现价287美元，包括税费，经过简单的计算可知，在这个房型住两晚该付574美元，由此可知，史密斯夫妇和两个孩子在这家酒店住两晚该付574美元。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读文章，结合第四段内容“Great location: 16-20 Fort Street, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand — show map”（地理位置优越：新西兰奥克兰1010号福特街16-20号——展示地图）中的“show map”可知，这是一篇介绍旅馆的文章，可以点击网页上的“show map”查看旅馆的地理位置，由此可知，文章可能来自网页。故选C项。 B When I arrived at the Sign Language Center in Manhattan for my first American Sign Language (ASL) class, a man took one look at my hesitant posture and held up some fingers. One? Two? I put up one finger, and he directed me to the Level 1 class. It was disorienting: Class time was strictly “voices off” to encourage immersive learning and to show respect to the deaf teachers. Without the power of speech, all my classmates and I could do was smile and nod at one another as we took in the new vocabulary. Learning ASL in the early weeks was a culture shock. As a writer, I pride myself on a certain facility with language. I was taught that there’s a perfect combination of words that can most precisely communicate any thought. With ASL, I expected to feel similarly, and thought fluency would come once I collected a critical mass of signs. The first thing you learn in ASL class is the alphabet. As my classmates and I asked and answered questions using words we didn’t have the signs for, those early weeks were filled with laborious spelling. It was embarrassing: Seeing a dozen politely smiling faces watching me as I slowly spelled, misspelled and restarted spelling words —often multiple times — was its own kind of torture. Over time, I picked up on new conventions, like waving a hand or stomping (跺脚) on the ground to get someone’s attention. My fingers stopped as they reached for new shapes, and I struggled to differentiate very similar looking signs. Eventually I realized that when you’re communicating in sign language, diction (措辞) is not as important as the way you embody (具体化) what you’re communicating. I once asked a teacher how to sign the word “desperate”. “ASL doesn’t have a direct translation of every English word,” he told me. “If you want to sign ‘desperate’, you might just sign the word ‘want’, but with the appropriate facial and body posturing to show your desperation. It doesn’t make sense to sign ‘frustrated’ if your face doesn’t look at all frustrated,” he added — it’s like speaking in a single unvarying tone while claiming you’re angry. I’ve been attending ASL classes for almost two years. Initially, my reason was insignificant: a childhood fascination with “secret languages”. While ASL may not wholly share a vocabulary with English, that doesn’t mean it lacks precision. Its precision, I’ve learned, lies in the common language of the body. 4. How did the author feel in the first ASL class? A. Confused. B. Frustrated. C. Anxious. D. Ambitious. 5. What made the author embarrassed when learning the alphabet? A. Putting on smiling facial expressions. B. Being made fun of in front of the class. C. Misspelling and respelling words repeatedly. D. Waving a hand to get someone’s attention. 6. According to the passage, what can we learn about ASL? A. It requires a combination of signs and emotions. B. It conveys more emotions than verbal language. C. It’s a universal language system across cultures. D. It has a direct translation of signs for every word. 7. What has the author learned from her learning experience? A. ASL prioritizes precision over communication. B. Diction is what gives language flavour. C. Fluency comes from the mastery of signs. D. The body is what gives language life. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者学习美国手语（ASL）的经历，从初期的困惑、尴尬，到逐渐理解手语的交流特点，领悟到其精准性源于肢体语言的表达。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It was disorienting: Class time was strictly “voices off” to encourage immersive learning and to show respect to the deaf teachers. Without the power of speech, all my classmates and I could do was smile and nod at one another as we took in the new vocabulary.(这让人晕头转向：为了鼓励沉浸式学习并尊重聋人教师，上课时间严格要求“保持安静”。没有了说话的能力，我和所有同学只能一边学习新词汇，一边互相微笑点头。)”可知，“disorienting”意为“令人困惑的”，作者在第一堂手语课上因课堂规则和交流方式的陌生而感到困惑。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was embarrassing: Seeing a dozen politely smiling faces watching me as I slowly spelled, misspelled and restarted spelling words — often multiple times — was its own kind of torture.(这很尴尬：看着十几张礼貌微笑的脸注视着我，我慢慢地拼写、拼错，然后重新拼写——通常要重复好几次——这本身就是一种折磨。)”可知，作者在学习字母表时，因反复拼写、拼错单词而感到尴尬。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的““If you want to sign ‘desperate’, you might just sign the word ‘want’, but with the appropriate facial and body posturing to show your desperation. It doesn’t make sense to sign ‘frustrated’ if your face doesn’t look at all frustrated,” he added — it’s like speaking in a single unvarying tone while claiming you’re angry. (“如果你想表达“极度渴望”，或许只需比出“想要”这个手语，但要配合恰当的面部表情和肢体姿态来传递那种迫切感。”他补充道，“如果你的表情完全看不出沮丧，那比出“沮丧”的手语也毫无意义 ——这就好比你声称自己很生气，说话的语气却平淡无波。”)”可知，美国手语需要手势与情感相结合。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While ASL may not wholly share a vocabulary with English, that doesn’t mean it lacks precision. Its precision, I’ve learned, lies in the common language of the body. (虽然美国手语可能与英语没有完全相同的词汇，但这并不意味着它缺乏精准性。我了解到，它的精准性在于肢体这一通用语言。)”可知，作者从学习经历中领悟到，肢体是赋予语言生命力的关键，手语的精准性正是通过肢体表达实现的。故选D项。 C When visiting a doctor a few years from now, you can expect to be accompanied by a virtual version of yourself. This so-called digital twin will be a working model of your body that can be displayed onto a physician’s computer screen. Updated with your latest vital signs, it will help the doctor make an accurate diagnosis. It also opens the door for medicines and procedures designed specifically for you, increasing recovery rates. This might seem like fantasy, but the foundations are being laid. Researchers at Queen Mary University of London (QMUL)already use computer simulations(模拟)of the hearts of patients to assess different treatments for a heart disorder. It would be far too dangerous to experiment this way on someone’s real heart. Digital twins are starting to pop up everywhere, monitoring the health of jet engines on airliners and letting carmakers shave years off the development of new models by simulating test drives and crashes. All this is being turbocharged by recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI), which gives twins the ability to make predictions about their physical counterparts(对应的事物), and fine-tune themselves on new information. Digital twins began as basic computer models of physical objects and systems and have become more advanced with computers becoming more powerful. Complex design and modelling software means many physical objects initially take shape in the virtual world. Small sensors feed twins with real-time data, ensuring that they mirror their physical counterparts. Digital twins make it easier for humans to tackle complex problems, allowing people to peer into the future, spotting problems before they materialize and testing wild ideas without real-world consequences. For businesses, this should mean better designs and operations. For society, the promise is equally appealing: personalized health care, and clues as to how the planet might avoid environmental catastrophe. Could these virtual twins go out of control? They might if they are programmed badly, or hacked into. Digital twins will gobble up(吞噬) mountains of data, some of it wrong or prejudiced and much of it raising concerns about privacy. Yet these risks are not specific to digital twins. They apply to all emerging technologies, as they always have and always will. The emergence of the digital mirror world will doubtless raise new questions, but its potential advantages are already plain to see. 8. What is the main function of a digital twin of a patient? A. To replace the patient in doctor visits. B. To track the results of physical checkups. C. To assist doctors in making accurate diagnoses. D. To store all the patient’s past medical records. 9. Why do researchers at QMUL use computer simulations of hearts? A. Because it can reduce the cost of the operation. B. Because it is more convenient than using real hearts. C. Because it can help increase patients’ recovery rates. D. Because it can avoid the risk of experimenting on real hearts. 10. How does AI contribute to the development of digital twins? A. It creates the basic computer models of physical systems. B. It offers the ability to forecast and adjust based on new data. C. It enables the perfect simulation of all physical objects. D. It tackles the complex problems in the real-world application. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the digital twins? A. Cautious. B. Indifferent. C. Optimistic. D. Critical. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是数字孪生技术的发展及所产生的影响。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Updated with your latest vital signs, it will help the doctor make an accurate diagnosis. (更新你的最新生命体征，它将帮助医生做出准确的诊断。)”可知，数字孪生可以帮助医生做出准确的诊断。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“It would be far too dangerous to experiment this way on someone’s real heart. (在人的心脏上做这种实验太危险了。)”可知，直接在人的心脏上做实验很危险，而使用模拟心脏可以避免这种风险。故选D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“All this is being turbo-charged by recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI), which gives twins the ability to make predictions about their physical counterparts(对应的事物), and fine-tune themselves on new information. (人工智能（AI）的最新进展为这一切提供了动力，它使数字孪生技术能够对他们的物理对手做出预测，并根据新信息对自己进行微调。)”可知，人工智能(AI)技术的最新发展赋予了数字孪生预测实体状态并依据最新数据实现自我优化的能力。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet these risks are not specific to digital twins. They apply to all emerging technologies, as they always have and always will. The emergence of the digital mirror world will doubtless raise new questions, but its potential advantages are already plain to see. (然而，这些风险并不是数字孪生技术所特有的。它们适用于所有新兴技术，过去是这样，将来也会是这样。数字镜像世界的出现无疑会引发新的问题，但它的潜在优势已经显而易见。)”可知，作者对于数字孪生技术是乐观认可的态度。故选C项。 D I’m sure you’ve all taken some personality tests, like MBTI test or those in psychology class, that can be great for icebreaker activities but how do introversion and extroversion (内向与外向) play out in our daily lives? An introverted brain has a high automatic system reactivity which means that they are far less likely to seek out stimulation. Hence, introverts tend to be less social, avoid conflict and often process things the best when alone. Extroverts, however, draw their attention from the environment because of their brain’s low stimulation. They seek out social situations and often feel more comfortable in group settings. Our current education system emphasizes the need for “collaborative learning”, “project-based learning” and “flipped classrooms (翻转课堂)”. In this system, introversion in students can be commonly misinterpreted by teachers as boredom or problematic issues. Furthermore, introverted students are less likely to participate in group discussions, and oftentimes feel more pressure and anxiety to become extroverted. These feelings can easily flow into other aspects of life and impact an introvert’s social and academic life. However, there are still upsides to being an introvert. Introverts may not always thrive in the social aspects of a class, but their intense concentration and tendency to be organized and methodical can reflect further success in conventional forms of education like grades and exams. On average, more intelligent children are-found to be introverts than extroverts. So, what can teachers do? Firstly, one of the most important steps is recognizing; understanding the need to accommodate introverted students, while supporting extroverted students. For example, teachers can redefine participation. Participation shouldn’t just represent the times a student raises their hand or speaks in a discussion. Helping others, volunteering, revising work, etc. all reflect a student’s participation in the class. Besides, they can consider playing with space. Grouped desks might be great for extroverts but consider creating “quiet zones” for students willing to focus on a task or create submission boxes for introverted students to leave their discussion thought. 12. What is the cause of the difference between introverts and extroverts? A. Communication abilities. B. Attitude towards conflicts. C. Problem processing capability. D. Brain reactivity to stimulation. 13. What does the underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Succeed. B. Emerge. C. Withdraw. D. Struggle. 14. What does the author suggest teachers do? A. Develop students’ self-management skills B. Guide students to develop intense concentration. C. Encourage students to participate in class debates. D. Create an introvert-friendly learning environment. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Introverts & Extroverts: How Students React to Teaching B. Psychology of Personality: Challenges of Being Introverted C. Introverts & Extroverts: When Classrooms Overlook Introverts D. Psychology of Personality: Discussions on Class Participation 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了内向学生在课堂上容易受到忽视，作者建议老师给学生创设适合内向学生学习的课堂环境。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“An introverted brain has a high automatic system reactivity which means that they are far less likely to seek out stimulation. Hence, introverts tend to be less social, avoid conflict and often process things the best when alone. Extroverts, however, draw their attention from the environment because of their brain’s low stimulation.(内向的大脑具有很高的自动系统反应性，这意味着他们不太可能寻求刺激。因此，内向的人往往不太善于社交，避免冲突，并且经常在独处时处理事情最好。然而，外向的人会因为他们的大脑刺激性低而将从周围的环境中吸引注意力。)”可知，造成内向和外向差异的原因就是大脑对刺激的反应，内向对刺激的反应高，而外向的人大脑对刺激的反应低。故选D。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段“......but their intense concentration and tendency to be organized and methodical can reflect further success in conventional forms of education like grades and exams(但是，他们的高度专注和有组织有条理的倾向，可以反映出他们在成绩和考试等传统教育形式中取得的进一步成功。) ”可知，内向的人也可以取得成功。根据此句中的“but”可知，前句应表示内向的人不总是取得成功，故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Firstly, one of the most important steps is recognizing; understanding the need to accommodate introverted students, while supporting extroverted students.(首先，最重要的步骤之一是认识;理解需要容纳内向的学生，同时支持外向的学生。)”和“Grouped desks might be great for extroverts but consider creating “quiet zones” for students willing to focus on a task or create submission boxes for introverted students to leave their discussion thought.(分组办公桌可能对外向的人很好，但考虑为愿意专注于任务的学生创建“安静区域”，或者为内向的学生创建提交箱，让他们留下讨论的想法。)”可知，作者建议老师适合内向学生的学习环境。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“So, what can teachers do? Firstly, one of the most important steps is recognizing; understanding the need to accommodate introverted students, while supporting extroverted students. (那么，老师们能做些什么呢？首先，最重要的步骤之一是认识到；理解需要容纳内向的学生，同时支持外向的学生。)”和本文的主要内容可知此文主要讲述了内向学生在课堂上容易受到忽视，作者建议老师给学生创设适合内向学生学习的课堂环境，故选C。 第二节（共5个小题；每小题 2.5 分, 满分 12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 No More Chicken Wings, Please! Could I eat another bite? I glanced at my car seat, piled high with takeaway chicken wings. Six orders in one afternoon had pushed me to my limit. Feeling overly full was nothing new for a food critic, but I’d finally had enough of this stressful, unhealthy job. Six years earlier, I’d been thrilled to land this job. I drove hundreds of miles every week, eating out four to five times a day to hunt for hidden restaurants, unique dishes and untold stories. ____16____ “Wait! You get paid to eat? That’s my dream job,” they’d say. Outwardly it seemed like a dream job, but it was far from enjoyable. I never complained about the pressure, rushing from meal to meal and deadline to deadline, constantly putting off regular medical check-ups. ____17____ “I’d like this number lower,” my doctor said, pointing at my high cholesterol. “I can’t control my diet for work,” I replied. Many food writers only take one bite of each dish, but I always finished the meals I loved. My weight climbed steadily, exercise did little to help, and long-term overeating did lasting harm to my body. One day, my doctor warned me seriously, “You’re pre-diabetic.” ____18____ I tried to process the shocking news while eating fish tacos nearby, still unable to turn down the food in front of me. I stayed in the job for another year, but I gradually began to dream of simple home cooking instead of endless restaurant meals. ____19____ “I’m leaving the newspaper,” I told my boss. “Are you sure?” she asked in surprise. Yes, I was completely certain. ____20____ It took months to control my oversized appetite and break bad eating habits, but I was determined to regain my health. Nine months later, I’ve lost the extra weight and my blood sugar is back to normal. Less stress has even made me look younger. “You look so relaxed,” friends said. A. Tight deadlines took up all my personal time. B. A huge weight was instantly lifted off my mind. C. I decided to quit for my health before it was too late. D. People envied my job the moment they heard about it. E. My blood test results were alarming when I saw a doctor. F. The tiring work and overeating ruined my health gradually. G. OK, so my blood sugar had become a worrying problem too. 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者曾热爱美食评论家工作，却因长期暴饮暴食损害健康，在被警告健康危机后毅然辞职，最终恢复健康、重获轻松。 【16题详解】 由上文“Six years earlier, I’d been thrilled to land this job. I drove hundreds of miles every week, eating out four to five times a day to hunt for hidden restaurants, unique dishes and untold stories.(六年前，我得到这份工作时激动不已。我每周驱车数百英里，每天在外就餐四到五次，去寻找小众餐馆、特色菜品和不为人知的故事。)”可知，前文描述了美食评论家这份看似美好的工作，空格后直接引用他人羡慕的话语，D项“People envied my job the moment they heard about it.(人们一听说我的工作就十分羡慕。)”符合语境，引出下文的直接引语“ “Wait! You get paid to eat? That’s my dream job,” they’d say.(“等等！你拿工资吃饭？那是我梦寐以求的工作，”他们会说。)”，衔接自然。故选D项。 【17题详解】 由上文“I never complained about the pressure, rushing from meal to meal and deadline to deadline, constantly putting off regular medical check-ups.(我从不抱怨压力，一顿接一顿地赶场、一个截稿日期接一个截稿日期，还总是推迟定期体检。)”可知，前文讲述工作带来的忙碌与压力，空格后提到医生指出胆固醇过高，E项“My blood test results were alarming when I saw a doctor.(我去看医生时，验血结果令人担忧。)”符合语境，承上启下，连接身体出现问题与医生的话语。故选E项。 【18题详解】 由上文“One day, my doctor warned me seriously, “You’re pre-diabetic.” (有一天，医生严肃地警告我：“你处于糖尿病前期。”)”可知，前文医生告知血糖相关的严重问题，G项“OK, so my blood sugar had become a worrying problem too.(好吧，看来我的血糖也成了一个令人担忧的问题。)”符合语境，是对医生话语的内心回应，并衔接下文对这一消息的消化。故选G项。 【19题详解】 由上文“I stayed in the job for another year, but I gradually began to dream of simple home cooking instead of endless restaurant meals.(我又在这份工作上坚持了一年，但渐渐开始向往简单的家常菜，而不是没完没了的饭店餐食。)”可知，前文写作者厌倦工作、向往健康饮食，C项“I decided to quit for my health before it was too late.(我决定趁还来得及，为了健康辞职。)”符合语境，承接上文心态变化，并引出下文向老板提出离职。故选C项。 【20题详解】 由上文““I’m leaving the newspaper,” I told my boss. “Are you sure?” she asked in surprise. Yes, I was completely certain.(“我要离职了。”我告诉老板。“你确定吗？”她惊讶地问。是的，我非常确定。)”可知，前文作者坚定地提出辞职，B项“A huge weight was instantly lifted off my mind.(一块大石头瞬间从心头落下。)”符合语境，描述了做出辞职决定后轻松的心情，并衔接下文改变饮食习惯、恢复健康的内容。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Simon Griffiths is the founder of Who Gives A Crap, a company that has ____21____ the toilet paper industry. His journey began with a(n) ____22____ statistic — 2.4 billion people don’t have ____23____ to a toilet, about 40% of the world! While volunteering in Asia and Africa, Simon ____24____ organizations doing incredible things to help people there, but the lack of sustainable funding greatly ____25____ their work. Inspired by his experience in developing countries, Simon ____26____ to sell goods to make a difference. But what he should sell? One day, Simon walked into the bathroom and a good idea ____27____ him: he could sell toilet paper and donate half profits to help fund organizations build toilets. Who Gives A Crap was born. Too often, people buy products that ____28____ to their taste but without clever packaging, so his ____29____ was to create something that ____30____ quality and aesthetics (美学), so that people would want to put it in their bathroom. It was not beyond their ____31____ that their goods sold well. Their donation to WaterAid Australia has grown from the initial 2, 500 AUD to 5.85 million AUD, they becoming its largest ____32____. When interviewed, Simon said “I tried various jobs before Who Gives A Crap. But after working in both corporate and non-profit organizations, I ____33____ I wanted to combine business with social ____34____ so I found the way to use profits from everyday products to do good ____35____.” 21. A. created B. transformed C. occupied D. disturbed 22. A. interesting B. obvious C. shocking D. awesome 23. A. access B. fantasy C. entrance D. preference 24. A. announced B. witnessed C. imagined D. suggested 25. A. took up B. weighed up C. held back D. appealed to 26. A. revealed B. revised C. resigned D. resolved 27. A. annoyed B. struck C. bothered D. chose 28. A. subscribe B. react C. stick D. cater 29. A. intention B. attitude C. assumption D. criterion 30. A. ignored B. combined C. evaluated D. adopted 31. A. expectation B. description C. passion D. occupation 32. A. partner B. client C. opponent D. donor 33. A. blamed B. denied C. realized D. detected 34. A. impacts B. careers C. prospects D. conflicts 35. A. appropriately B. immediately C. globally D. individually 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。Simon Griffiths创立了Who Gives A Crap，通过销售环保厕纸并捐赠利润来改善全球卫生条件，成功转型了厕纸行业。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Simon Griffiths是Who Gives A Crap的创始人，这是一家改变了卫生纸行业的公司。A. created创建；B. transformed改变；C. occupied占据；D. disturbed打扰。根据下文“Too often, people buy products that ____ to their taste but without clever packaging, so his ____ was to create something that ____ quality and aesthetics (美学), so that people would want to put it in their bathroom.”可知，人们购买的产品符合自己的品味，但没有巧妙的包装，所以他的目的是创造一种结合质量和美学的东西，这样人们就会想把它放在他们的浴室里，因此这家公司改变了行业现状。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的旅程始于一个令人震惊的数据——24亿人没有厕所可用，约占世界人口的40%！A. interesting有趣的；B. obvious明显的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. awesome极好的。根据下文的“2.4 billion people don’t have ____ to a toilet, about 40% of the world!”可知，24亿人没有厕所可用，约占世界人口的40%，这是令人震惊的数据。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. access使用权；B. fantasy幻想；C. entrance入口；D. preference偏好。根据下文“to a toilet”可知，这里是指没有使用厕所的权利或机会。have access to“有机会使用”。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在亚洲和非洲做志愿者时，Simon目睹了一些组织在那里的惊人工作，但缺乏可持续资金大大阻碍了他们的工作。A. announced宣布；B. witnessed见证，目睹；C. imagined想象；D. suggested建议。根据下文“organizations doing incredible things to help people there”可知，这里是说他目睹了那些组织的工作。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. took up占据；B. weighed up权衡；C. held back阻碍；D. appealed to吸引。根据上文“the lack of sustainable funding greatly”可知，资金缺乏阻碍了他们的工作。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到在发展中国家的经历的启发，Simon决定通过销售商品来改变世界。A. revealed透露；B. revised修订；C. resigned辞职；D. resolved决定。根据下文“to sell goods to make a difference”可知，这里是指他决定要出售商品。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，Simon走进浴室，突然想到一个好主意：他可以卖厕纸，然后把一半的利润捐赠给一些组织，帮助他们建造厕所。A. annoyed使恼怒；B. struck突然想到；C. bothered困扰；D. chose选择。根据下文“he could sell toilet paper and donate half profits to help fund organizations build toilets”可知，Simon突然想到一个好主意。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，人们购买的产品满足自己的品味，但没有巧妙的包装，所以他的意图是创造一种结合质量和美学的东西，这样人们就会想把它放在他们的浴室里。A. subscribe订阅；B. react反应；C. stick坚持；D. cater满足。根据上文“people buy products”和下文“to their taste”可知，这里是指人们购买的产品满足人们的口味。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. intention意图；B. attitude态度；C. assumption假设；D. criterion标准。根据下文“was to create something that ____ quality and aesthetics, so that people would want to put it in their bathroom.”可知，创造一种结合质量和美学的东西，这样人们就会想把它放在他们的浴室里，这是他的意图或目的。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意8小题。A. ignored忽视；B. combined结合；C. evaluated评估；D. adopted采纳。根据下文“quality and aesthetics”可知，这里是指结合质量和美学的东西。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的货物卖得很好，这并未超出他们的预期。A. expectation期望；B. description描述；C. passion激情；D. occupation职业。根据上“Too often, people buy products that ____ to their taste but without clever packaging, so his ____ was to create something that ____ quality and aesthetics (美学), so that people would want to put it in their bathroom.”可知，具有创新的货物获得人们的青睐、卖得好，这是意料之内的。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对WaterAid Australia的捐赠从最初的2500澳元增长到585万澳元，成为其最大的捐赠者。A. partner伙伴；B. client客户；C. opponent对手；D. donor捐赠者。根据上文“Their donation to WaterAid Australia has grown from the initial 2, 500 AUD to 5.85 million AUD, they becoming its largest”可知，他们捐赠了很多，他们成为其最大的捐赠者。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在企业与非营利组织都工作过之后，我意识到自己想将商业与社会影响结合起来，于是找到了一条利用日常产品的利润在全球做好事的道路。A. blamed责备；B. denied否认；C. realized意识到；D. detected检测。根据下文“I wanted to combine business with social”可知，这里是指他意识到了这一点。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. impacts影响；B. careers事业；C. prospects前景；D. conflicts冲突。根据上文“Their donation to WaterAid Australia has grown from the initial 2, 500 AUD to 5.85 million AUD, they becoming its largest”可知，Simon意识到想把商业和社会影响结合起来。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同13小题。A. appropriately恰当地；B. immediately立刻；C. globally全球地；D. individually个别地。根据上文“he could sell toilet paper and donate half profits to help fund organizations build toilets”可知，Simon想在全球范围内做好事。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 2016, Shennongjia made it onto the UNESCO World Heritage List. It was awarded this status because it meets two criteria ____36____(require) by the list. It contains a naturally-balanced environment that allows the many and various species ____37____(live)and prosper. It is also one of the rare locations in the world where scientists can observe the ecological and biological processes ____38____ occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve. For the first criterion, Shennongjia is ____39____(apparent) one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world. The region rises from about 400 metres to over 3,000metres above sea level, ____40____(result)in a great variation in climatic conditions and a wide variety of species. Some of the plants and animals ____41____(regard)as living fossils. What’s more, according to official statistics, over 3,000 plant species have been recorded, which represents more than ten percent of China’s total floral ____42____(rich). Shennongjia also supports more than 600 vertebrate species and around 4,300 insect species. Therefore, it is ____43____ challenge to look after so many species. Thanks to people’s efforts, the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey’s population ____44____(double)since the 1980s. The most-impressive aspect is the local people, who take things from nature ____45____ causing damage. All of this highlights how understanding, awareness and hard work have contributed towards protecting the unique natural world. 【答案】36. required 37. to live 38. which##that 39. apparently 40. resulting 41. are regarded 42. richness 43. a 44. has doubled 45. without 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章讲述了2016年神农架入选联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，并且介绍了原因。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它被授予这一地位是因为它满足了清单所要求的两个标准。分析句子可知，空处缺少非谓语动词修饰前面的名词criteria作后置定语，与require构成被动关系，用过去分词。故填required。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它包含了一个自然平衡的环境，允许许多不同的物种生存和繁荣。allow sb. to do sth.意思为：允许某人做某事，空处用不定式作宾补。故填to live。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它也是世界上为数不多的科学家可以观察动植物发展和进化过程的生态和生物过程的地点之一。分析句子可知，先行词为processes，作从句occur的主语，表示事物，用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：就第一个标准而言，神农架显然是世界上最“完整”的自然区域之一。空处缺少副词作状语修饰谓语，apparently“显然”，符合题意。故填apparently。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该地区海拔约400米至3000多米，气候条件变化很大，物种种类繁多。分析句子可知，空处用非谓语动词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词。故填resulting。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：有些动植物被认为是活化石。主语为Some of the plants and animals，与regard构成被动关系，且结合句意可知，描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数形式。故填are regarded。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：更重要的是，根据官方统计，超过3000种植物已被记录，这代表了中国总花卉丰富度的10%以上。分析句子可知，空处作动词represent的宾语用名词，rich对应的名词为richness。故填richness。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：因此，照顾这么多的物种是一个挑战。challenge意思为：挑战，此处表示“一个挑战”为泛指，且challenge以辅音音素开始发音，不定冠词用a。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：由于人们的努力，自20世纪80年代以来，金丝猴的数量翻了一番。根据since the 1980s可知，句子为现在完成时，主语population为单数。故填has doubled。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：最令人印象深刻的是当地人，他们从自然中获取东西而不造成破坏。根据句意可知，当地人从自然获取东西但是不会造成破坏，causing为非谓语动词，空处缺少介词，空后为动名词作宾语，without意思为：没有，符合题意。故填without。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是高中生李华，你的美国笔友David热爱中国传统文化，最近打算来中国工作生活一段时间，但是不确定应该去往哪个城市，写信向你咨询。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： (1)你推荐的城市； (2)推荐的理由(不少于两条)； (3)美好祝愿。 注意：(1)词数80左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear David, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear David, I am so pleased to learn that you are to spend some time in China. I recommend you stay in Beijing, the capital and cultural center of China. The city enjoys a high reputation for its abundance of ancient architecture, which represents the traditional local lifestyles. And there are also plenty of museums where precious relics of historical interest are waiting for you to explore. Besides, the exceptional Peking Opera performances there are also what you can't miss. I wish you a very happy and meaningful time in China! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是高中生李华，你的美国笔友David热爱中国传统文化，最近打算来中国工作生活一段时间，但是不确定应该去往哪个城市，写信向你咨询。请你给他写一封回信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 许多：plenty of→a lot of 珍贵的：precious→valuable 高兴的：pleased→delighted 此外：besides→in addition 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I recommend you stay in Beijing, the capital and cultural center of China. 拓展句：I recommend you stay in Beijing, which is the capital and cultural center of China. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I am so pleased to learn that you are to spend some time in China. (运用了that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] And there are also plenty of museums where precious relics of historical interest are waiting for you to explore. (运用了where引导定语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Jane was the fastest runner in the school’s track and field team (田径队). Every morning, she’d be the first to reach the track, her old running shoes hitting the ground-their bottoms were broken, and the laces had been tied many circles to keep them from falling apart. Life at home was a mess: her dad’s small repair shop closed down, and her mom had to take on two part-time jobs to pay the bills. But Jane never complained (抱怨); running was her way to relax, and she’d even won third place in the last city 800-meter race with those worn shoes. One afternoon, the coach called the team together: “The city’s track competition is next month. All runners must wear new running shoes for safety and better performance — no old or worn ones allowed.” Jane’s heart dropped. She looked down at her shoes, knowing a new pair would cost too much and that her family couldn’t afford it. That night, she sat on her bed, touching the shoes over and over, all kinds of ideas flying across the mind. She thought of giving up the competition, but the thought of letting her team down made her heart ache. The next day, Jane fell behind during practice, her steps slower than usual. Sarah, the team’s leader and her closest friend, noticed. “You’re not your usual self — what’s troubling you?” At first, Jane shook her head, but she opened up at last. She talked about the new shoes and her family’s trouble. Sarah listened quietly, and then said, “We’ll work this out together.” After practice, Sarah gathered the team except Jane secretly. “Jane’s our top long-distance runner — we can’t let her miss the competition!” They discussed ideas: a bake sale, a charity (慈善) concert... and finally decided on a second-hand book and toy charity sale. For a week, they collected things from classmates and teachers, set up a stand every afternoon, and told everyone about Jane’s story. By Sunday evening, they’d raised more than enough for the shoes — and even a little extra for her family. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Sarah handed Jane a pair of shoes and some money, Jane was surprised. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On the day of the competition, Jane stepped onto the track in her new shoes. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: When Sarah handed Jane a pair of shoes and some money, Jane was surprised. “Here is a pair of running shoes for you and some extra money for your family,” Sarah said, smiling. The shoes were bright blue — Jane’s favorite color — and they felt soft. Jane’s eyes welled up. She tried to speak, but her throat felt tight. “Why would you all do this?” she finally asked. “Because we’re a team,” Sarah said softly. “Teammates help each other when things get hard.” Holding the shoes, Jane felt a flood of warmth she hadn’t felt in months — hope, not just for the race, but for her family. On the day of the competition, Jane stepped onto the track in her new shoes. The shoes fit perfectly, light and comfortable. When the starting gun fired, she rushed forward, her legs moving faster than ever. She could hear her teammates cheering from the stands, and their voices gave her strength. In the end, she crossed the finish line first, breaking the city’s record. After the race, she hugged her teammates tightly. “This win is for all of you,” she said. She knew the shoes weren’t just footwear — they were a symbol of friendship that would carry her through any hard time. 【解析】 【导语】本文以简的跑鞋为线索展开，讲述了简是学校田径队最快的跑步者，但因家庭经济困难无法购买新跑鞋。队友们得知后，通过慈善义卖为她筹集了足够的资金。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当莎拉递给简一双鞋和一些钱时，简很惊讶。”可知，第一段可描写简看到鞋子和钱后的反应，以及莎拉对她的鼓励。 ②由第二段首句内容“比赛当天，简穿着新鞋走上了跑道。”可知，第二段可描写简穿着新鞋比赛的表现，以及她对队友们的感激之情。 2. 续写线索：简感到惊讶——莎拉鼓励简——简穿着新鞋比赛——简打破纪录——简感激队友 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①尝试：try/attempt ②问：ask/inquire ③帮助：help/assist 感激：thank/be grateful/appreciate 情绪类 ①轻声地：softly/quietly/gently ②拥抱：hug/embrace 【点睛】[高分句型1] Teammates help each other when things get hard. (运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] The shoes fit perfectly, light and comfortable.(运用了形容词作伴随状语) [高分句型3] She knew the shoes weren’t just footwear — they were a symbol of friendship that would carry her through any hard time. (运用了省略连词that的宾语从句和关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $