Unit 5 Be Green（单元自测·基础卷）英语新教材北师大版八年级下册

2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit5·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一．单项选择（10分） 1．—China’s Shenzhou-19 spaceship has successfully returned to ________ Earth. —Wow, what ________ exciting news it is! A．/, the B．an, / C．the, / D．an, a 2．________ necessary water is in our daily life！ A．What a B．How C．What an D．What 3．When you speak to a stranger about environmental protection, you should use ________ English. A．informal B．formal C．simple D．difficult 4．Which of the following is NOT a good personal habit for a green lifestyle? A．Recycling waste. B．Using reusable shopping bags. C．Leaving the lights on all day. D．Taking public transport. 5．Using LED lights instead of old bulbs is a good way to save ________. A．water B．food C．electricity D．time 6．Our country has taken many national ________ to solve environmental problems, such as developing new energy. A．actions B．difficulties C．habits D．hobbies 7．We can make personal ________ to protect the environment, like saving electricity every day. A．gifts B．resolutions C．problems D．questions 8．Air and water ________ are common environmental problems around the world. A．pollution B．progress C．protection D．production 9．We should make some green ________ to help the environment every year. A．trips B．resolutions C．ideas D．problems 10．If everyone takes action to protect the environment, our earth ________ more beautiful. A．becomes B．became C．will become D．has become 二．完形填空（10分） Lina is a 19-year-old volunteer in a small town. She has spent 300 days cleaning up the river 11 her home. The river used to be a beautiful place for people to walk and play, 12 now it is full of rubbish because of littering from visitors. Lina promised to pick up the rubbish 13 by people along the river, and she posted her progress on a short-video platform. Now she has over 20,000 followers, and many people come to join her 14 the cleaning work. Lina started this work when she learned that the town would hold a 15 tourism festival the next year. She thought the dirty river would be a bad impression for visitors, so she decided to do something. She started with the part of the river 16 it is closest to her home, and then she cleaned longer and longer every day. Thanks to her work, the river is now clean again. There is no more rubbish in the water, and fish have come back. However, her work doesn’t 17 . She goes back to the river every weekend to keep it clean. When she was asked about her 18 , Lina said, “Whether it is sunny or 19 , it doesn’t matter. I stay there for at least an hour every day, picking up rubbish.” She often 20 everyone to take action to protect the environment. “Heroes don’t always have superpowers. Even a small action can make a big difference,” she said. 11．A．near B．from C．with D．to 12．A．and B．but C．so D．or 13．A．leaving B．forgot C．left D．forgetting 14．A．with B．for C．at D．in 15．A．national B．international C．local D．personal 16．A．where B．which C．that D．what 17．A．start B．end C．continue D．work 18．A．experience B．life C．interest D．hobby 19．A．warm B．cold C．rainy D．late 20．A．warns B．refuses C．advises D．stops 三．阅读理解（40分） A April 22nd is the Earth Day. What about planting a tree on this day? Trees are good for the planet. They make clean air for us to take in. They give us the shade (阴凉) we need on hot days. Planting trees makes the world a healthier place. The following steps will show you how. Step 1 Dig a deep hole. Step 2 Place the tree in the hole. Step 3 Place soil (土壤) around the tree. Step 4 Water the tree. Be sure to plant a kind of tree that grows naturally in your area. It is better for other plants and animals. Ask your parents or teachers to help you. 21．What does the writer think of planting trees? A．Safe. B．Great. C．Free. D．Common. 22．How many steps do we need to plant a tree? A．3 B．4 C．5 D．6 23．In which part of a website can you probably read this passage? A．Travel. B．Culture. C．History. D．Environment. B Glaciers (冰川) hold about 70% of the Earth’s fresh water. They are large pieces of closely packed ice and snow. Glaciers only form in very cold places. Every year, new snow falls on top of the old snow. The layers (层) of snow press down on each other, and then the snow crystals (晶体) start to change. They get smaller, and air pockets are pushed out of the snow. This allows the crystals to grow longer. Over time, the snow layer at the bottom of all the other snow layers becomes ice. The whole process of making a glacier takes about 100 years. Some ice is packed so closely that it looks blue. The snow on top of a glacier looks white because it reflects all of the light. But the ice layers of the glacier do not have many air pockets. They absorb different parts of light and reflect blue light. Some of the glaciers on the Earth may be very old. Scientists think that a few glaciers have ice that is about 8 million years old. Not all of the glaciers are so old, though. A number of glaciers in Alaska (阿拉斯加) are only about 100 years old. There are different kinds of glaciers. An ice stream is a kind of glacier that forms on another glacier, and it looks like a frozen river. Rock glaciers are made when ice, rock, and other objects get mixed together. 24．The underlined word “absorb” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”. A．cut down B．take in C．make up 25．Why does the writer talk about Alaska’s glaciers? A．Because some of the glaciers are not very old. B．Because they are the oldest glaciers on the Earth. C．Because the weather in Alaska is very cold. 26．How does the writer support his idea in the last paragraph? A．By asking questions. B．By showing numbers. C．By giving examples. 27．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To make an introduction about glaciers. B．To describe different kinds of fresh water. C．To point out the importance of glaciers. C More and more schools in China are starting to do garbage sorting (垃圾分类), and No.2 Middle School in Nantong is one of them. Since September 2024, the school has carried out a garbage sorting activity to teach students about environmental protection and sustainable development (可持续发展). The school has put different colored garbage bins in every classroom and on the playground. Green bins are for kitchen waste, blue for recyclable waste, red for harmful waste, and grey for other waste. The teachers teach students how to sort different kinds of garbage and why it’s important. For example, recyclable waste like paper and plastic can be made into new things, and harmful waste like batteries can pollute the earth if not sorted properly. To make the activity more interesting, the school holds a garbage sorting competition every month. Students need to sort different kinds of garbage quickly and correctly. The winning class gets a small prize, like a green plant or a book about the environment. Many students said the competition makes them remember the sorting rules better. So far, the school’s garbage sorting activity has been very successful. The amount of recyclable waste has increased by 40%, and the amount of harmful waste has been sorted correctly by over 90%. The headmaster said, “Garbage sorting is a small thing, but it’s a big step for environmental protection. We hope our students can form a good habit of sorting garbage and take the habit home to their families. In this way, more people can join in the environmental protection work.” 28．What color of garbage bin is for recyclable waste in No.2 Middle School? A．Green. B．Blue. C．Red. D．Grey. 29．What does the school do to make the garbage sorting activity more interesting? A．It puts garbage bins in every classroom. B．It teaches students the sorting rules. C．It gives students a lot of money as a prize. D．It holds a garbage sorting competition every month. 30．How much has the amount of recyclable waste increased in the school? A．By 30%. B．By 40%. C．By 90%. D．By 100%. 31．What does the headmaster hope the students can do? A．To only sort garbage at school. B．To forget the garbage sorting rules after the activity. C．To form a garbage sorting habit and take it home. D．To take part in more competitions and win prizes. D Governments around the world are pushing for an end to plastic straws (吸管) and bags. More and more businesses are changing to paper products. Using paper products is considered to be better than plastic. However, it is harmful to the environment, too. Paper bags and straws are made from trees. Trees are good for the environment. They can slow down climate change. An increase in the use of paper bags need to cut down more trees. The production of paper things requires more energy and water. You might say that we can use recycled paper to save that energy and water. This seems to be a good idea. However, it takes even more energy and water to go through the recycling process than to make a newspaper bag. Paper products are heavier than plastic ones. That means they require more energy to transport (运输). Seven trucks are needed to transport two million paper bags, while only one truck is needed to transport the same number of plastic bags. The increased weight also leads to a larger amount of waste once the bags are thrown away. Paper products are actually a lose-lose for both the environment and businesses. They are more expensive than plastic products. A paper straw costs about 5 to 12 cents, while a plastic one usually costs only about 2 cents. The most environment-friendly way is to avoid single-use things. Products like glass water bottles can be used over and over again. They are much better than either paper products or plastic products. By increasing the use of these things you can greatly reduce your throwaway waste and truly make our earth a greener place! 32．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 1? A．Using plastic straws. B．Using plastic bags. C．Using paper products. D．Using single-use things. 33．What does the writer think of the recycled paper? A．It saves energy and water. B．It seems not to be a good idea. C．It is better than single-use paper. D．It’s easy to make by recycling process. 34．Why does the writer compare the prices of a paper straw and a plastic straw? A．To show paper products aren’t good for businesses. B．To show paper products are better than plastic ones. C．To show paper products are pop lar among the businesses. D．To show paper products are harmful to the environment, too. 35．What is the best title of the text? A．Paper or Plastics? Either! B．Environment and Businesses? Either! C．Paper or Plastics? Neither! D．Environment and Businesses? Neither! E 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Yangtze River is the longest river in China and the third longest river in the world. 36 It is about 6,300 kilometres long. It starts from the Tanggula Mountains and runs through some provinces. 37 During the long history of ancient China, this river helped feed millions of people and develop ancient cultures. Many important cities such as Shanghai and Nanjing are sitting along the river. 38 In the past, the water in it was clean but now it is dirty. A lot of fish died because of water pollution. Luckily, people realized the importance of protecting the Yangtze River. A program was set up in 1989 to protect the water and land around the river. It was successful because it helped improve the environment. 39 It helps protect white-flag dolphins, one of the rarest animals in the world. The number of white-flag dolphins in China dropped because of the pollution in the Yangtze River. 40 However, we still have a long way to go to protect the great river. Let’s work together to help our mother river become as clean as it used to be. A．So far, we have made some achievements. B．Finally, it runs into the East China Sea. C．Another program is carried out to protect them. D．However, the Yangtze River is facing serious pollution. E．A great program was set up to save the river. F．It is just shorter than the Nile River in Africa and the Amazon River in South America. 四．阅读填空（10分） 请认真阅读下面短文，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As we all know, the forest is the lung of the earth. However, the forests around the world are 41 great danger now. Every year, millions of trees are cut down, and the green areas are getting smaller and smaller. To protect the forests, our country has made new rules. Many of the old forests 42 (protect) in the new national parks next year. Local government will close some of 43 (it) mountain areas to stop people from cutting down trees. The mountain here is so famous that 44 (million) of tourists visit it every year. They leave lots of rubbish, which does great harm to the forest. Most of the old paths in the forest 45 (close) next month to let the plants grow back. Experts said 46 over 30% of the country’s forests have been damaged so far. Too many tourists cause a lot of 47 (pollute) to the forest areas. An expert said the biggest problem 48 (be) the uncontrolled tourism and wood cutting. He believed the 49 (good) way to protect the forest is to build more national parks. He said, “I hope the government can take steps 50 (protect) the forests. At the same time, I also hope all of us can try our best to save paper and plant more trees. 五．阅读表达（10分） Wang Yue is a middle school student and an active volunteer in her neighborhood. Every weekend, she spends hours helping to build a better community. In the past year, she has led a “Green Community” project, where she organized her classmates to clean up the local park, plant over 100 trees, and set up recycling bins in every building. For the elderly who live alone, Wang Yue visits them twice a month to teach them how to sort garbage into different bins— recyclable, kitchen waste, and harmful waste. She even made colorful posters with simple pictures to help them remember the rules. During the summer holiday, she started a “Little Volunteers” club for primary school students, teaching them about the importance of saving water and electricity through fun games and stories. Wang Yue says, “Volunteering makes me realize that even small actions can bring big changes. When I see the park become cleaner or the elderly smile because they understand recycling, I feel proud of what we’re doing together.” Her passion has inspired more than 30 neighbors to join the volunteer team, and the community now looks greener and more harmonious (和谐的). 51．How often does Wang Yue help the elderly learn garbage sorting? 52．According to Wang Yue, what does volunteering make her realize? 53．When did Wang Yue start the “Little Volunteers” club for primary school students? 54．Why did Wang Yue make colorful posters with simple pictures? 55．If you could join Wang Yue’s volunteer team, what new activity would you suggest? Why? 六．书面表达（20分） 56．假如你是李华，你的学校正在开展“绿色校园”活动。请你根据以下提示，写一篇短文介绍你和同学们如何保护环境。 提示： 1. 节约用水（关水龙头、用雨水浇花等）； 2. 节约用电（关灯、使用节能灯等）； 3. 减少垃圾（垃圾分类、使用可重复使用的物品等）； 4. 你的感受。 要求： 1. 内容全面，语言通顺，条理清晰； 2. 词数70左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元自测 Unit5·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：90分钟，满分：100分） 一．单项选择（10分） 1．—China’s Shenzhou-19 spaceship has successfully returned to ________ Earth. —Wow, what ________ exciting news it is! A．/, the B．an, / C．the, / D．an, a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——中国神舟十九号飞船已成功返回地球。——哇，多么令人兴奋的消息啊！ /零冠词；the定冠词；an一个，用于元音音素开头单词前；a一个，用于辅音音素开头单词前。第一空，Earth指独一无二的地球，前面需加定冠词the；第二空，中心词news是不可数名词，不能用不定冠词a/an修饰，符合“What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓!”结构，此处不填冠词。 2．________ necessary water is in our daily life！ A．What a B．How C．What an D．What 【答案】B 【详解】句意：水在我们的日常生活中是多么必要啊！ 本句中心词是形容词“necessary”，感叹形容词要用How引导，符合结构“How+形容词+主谓”。 3．When you speak to a stranger about environmental protection, you should use ________ English. A．informal B．formal C．simple D．difficult 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你和陌生人谈论环境保护时，你应该使用正式的英语。 informal非正式的；formal正式的；simple简单的；difficult困难的。根据“When you speak to a stranger”可知，与陌生人交谈出于礼貌和尊重，通常使用正式的语言，而非非正式用语。 4．Which of the following is NOT a good personal habit for a green lifestyle? A．Recycling waste. B．Using reusable shopping bags. C．Leaving the lights on all day. D．Taking public transport. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：以下哪一项不是绿色生活方式的良好个人习惯？ Recycling waste回收废物；Using reusable shopping bags使用可重复使用的购物袋；Leaving the lights on all day整天开着灯；Taking public transport乘坐公共交通工具。根据常识可知，绿色生活方式倡导节约能源，而“整天开着灯”是浪费能源的行为，不属于绿色生活方式的良好个人习惯，应填Leaving the lights on all day。 5．Using LED lights instead of old bulbs is a good way to save ________. A．water B．food C．electricity D．time 【答案】C 【详解】句意：使用LED灯代替旧灯泡是节约用电的好方法。 water水；food食物；electricity电；time时间。根据“Using LED lights instead of old bulbs”可知，LED灯相比旧灯泡更节能，消耗的是电能，符合节约用电的语境。 6．Our country has taken many national ________ to solve environmental problems, such as developing new energy. A．actions B．difficulties C．habits D．hobbies 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我国已经采取了许多国家行动来解决环境问题，例如开发新能源。 actions行动；difficulties困难；habits习惯；hobbies爱好。根据“to solve environmental problems”及“such as developing new energy”可知，此处指为了解决问题而采取的“行动”，take actions意为“采取行动”，符合语境。 7．We can make personal ________ to protect the environment, like saving electricity every day. A．gifts B．resolutions C．problems D．questions 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们可以制定个人决心来保护环境，比如每天节约用电。 gifts礼物；resolutions决心；problems难题；questions问题。此处是指制定个人决心。make resolutions“立下行动决心”，personal resolutions指个人的行动决意。 8．Air and water ________ are common environmental problems around the world. A．pollution B．progress C．protection D．production 【答案】A 【详解】句意：空气和水污染是世界各地常见的环境问题。 pollution污染；progress进步；protection保护；production生产。根据“common environmental problems”可知，空气和水污染属于环境问题。 9．We should make some green ________ to help the environment every year. A．trips B．resolutions C．ideas D．problems 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们应该每年制定一些环保计划来帮助环境。 trips旅行；resolutions决心；ideas主意；problems问题。根据“to help the environment every year”可知，此处指制定环保计划，固定表达green resolutions，指“环保决心，环保计划”。应填resolutions。 10．If everyone takes action to protect the environment, our earth ________ more beautiful. A．becomes B．became C．will become D．has become 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果每个人都采取行动保护环境，我们的地球将会变得更加美丽。 if 引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时，应填will become。 二．完形填空（10分） Lina is a 19-year-old volunteer in a small town. She has spent 300 days cleaning up the river 11 her home. The river used to be a beautiful place for people to walk and play, 12 now it is full of rubbish because of littering from visitors. Lina promised to pick up the rubbish 13 by people along the river, and she posted her progress on a short-video platform. Now she has over 20,000 followers, and many people come to join her 14 the cleaning work. Lina started this work when she learned that the town would hold a 15 tourism festival the next year. She thought the dirty river would be a bad impression for visitors, so she decided to do something. She started with the part of the river 16 it is closest to her home, and then she cleaned longer and longer every day. Thanks to her work, the river is now clean again. There is no more rubbish in the water, and fish have come back. However, her work doesn’t 17 . She goes back to the river every weekend to keep it clean. When she was asked about her 18 , Lina said, “Whether it is sunny or 19 , it doesn’t matter. I stay there for at least an hour every day, picking up rubbish.” She often 20 everyone to take action to protect the environment. “Heroes don’t always have superpowers. Even a small action can make a big difference,” she said. 11．A．near B．from C．with D．to 12．A．and B．but C．so D．or 13．A．leaving B．forgot C．left D．forgetting 14．A．with B．for C．at D．in 15．A．national B．international C．local D．personal 16．A．where B．which C．that D．what 17．A．start B．end C．continue D．work 18．A．experience B．life C．interest D．hobby 19．A．warm B．cold C．rainy D．late 20．A．warns B．refuses C．advises D．stops 【答案】11．A 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．C 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了19岁的志愿者莉娜花费300天清理家乡附近河流的故事，强调了保护环境的重要性。 11．句意：她已经花了300天清理她家附近的河流。 根据“her home”，这里表示“在……附近”，应用near，from“从”，with“和”，to“到”均不符合语境。 12．句意：这条河过去是人们散步和玩耍的美丽地方，但现在由于游客乱扔垃圾，河里满是垃圾。 前半句说过去是美丽的地方，后半句说现在满是垃圾，前后是转折关系，应用but，and表示并列，so表示因果，or表示选择，均不符合语境。 13．句意：莉娜承诺要捡起人们留在河边的垃圾，并且她在短视频平台上发布了自己的进展。 根据“pick up the rubbish...by people”，这里表示“留下”的垃圾，且leave和rubbish之间是被动关系，用过去分词left作后置定语修饰rubbish，leaving是现在分词，forgot是forget的过去式，意思不符，forgetting是现在分词，均不符合语境。 14．句意：现在她有超过2万名粉丝，许多人来加入她和她的清理工作。 join sb. in sth.表示“加入某人做某事”，强调参与、加入正在进行的活动，with“和”，for“为了”，强调为了某个目的一起去，多用于吃饭、聚会等，at“在”，均不符合该搭配。 15．句意：莉娜是在得知小镇明年将举办一个地方旅游节时开始这项工作的。 根据“the town would hold a...tourism festival”，这里说的是小镇举办的旅游节，应用local“地方的”，national“国家的”，international“国际的”，personal“个人的”，均不符合语境。 16．句意：她从离她家最近的河流部分开始，然后她每天清理得越来越长。 此处是一个定语从句，先行词是the part of the river，在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导，which、that在定语从句中作主语或宾语，what不能引导定语从句，均不符合语境。 17．句意：然而，她的工作并没有结束。 根据后文“She goes back to the river every weekend to keep it clean.”，她每周都回去保持河流清洁，说明工作没结束，应用end，start“开始”，continue“继续”，work“工作”，均不符合语境。 18．句意：当被问及她的经历时，莉娜说…… 根据语境，这里说的是被问到她的经历，应用experience“经历”，life“生活”，interest“兴趣”，hobby“爱好”，均不符合语境。 19．句意：无论晴天还是雨天，都没关系。 根据前文“Whether it is sunny”以及or，这里应是与晴天相对的天气，应用rainy“下雨的”，warm“温暖的”，cold“寒冷的”，late“晚的”，均不符合语境。 20．句意：她经常建议每个人采取行动保护环境。 根据后文“‘Heroes don’t always have superpowers. Even a small action can make a big difference,’ she said.”，她在建议大家行动起来，应用advises“建议”，warns“警告”，refuses“拒绝”，stops“停止”，均不符合语境。 三．阅读理解（40分） A April 22nd is the Earth Day. What about planting a tree on this day? Trees are good for the planet. They make clean air for us to take in. They give us the shade (阴凉) we need on hot days. Planting trees makes the world a healthier place. The following steps will show you how. Step 1 Dig a deep hole. Step 2 Place the tree in the hole. Step 3 Place soil (土壤) around the tree. Step 4 Water the tree. Be sure to plant a kind of tree that grows naturally in your area. It is better for other plants and animals. Ask your parents or teachers to help you. 21．What does the writer think of planting trees? A．Safe. B．Great. C．Free. D．Common. 22．How many steps do we need to plant a tree? A．3 B．4 C．5 D．6 23．In which part of a website can you probably read this passage? A．Travel. B．Culture. C．History. D．Environment. 【答案】21．B 22．B 23．D 【导语】本文介绍地球日种树的意义及步骤，倡导种植本土树木。 21．第一段提到：“Planting trees makes the world a healthier place”，表明作者认为种树能让世界更健康，态度是积极认可的，“Great”符合文意。 22．文中列出：“Step1 Dig a deep hole; Step2 Place the tree in the hole; Step3 Place soil around the tree; Step 4 Water the tree”，共4个步骤。 23．全文围绕种树、环保主题展开，和环境相关内容对应网站的环境板块。 B Glaciers (冰川) hold about 70% of the Earth’s fresh water. They are large pieces of closely packed ice and snow. Glaciers only form in very cold places. Every year, new snow falls on top of the old snow. The layers (层) of snow press down on each other, and then the snow crystals (晶体) start to change. They get smaller, and air pockets are pushed out of the snow. This allows the crystals to grow longer. Over time, the snow layer at the bottom of all the other snow layers becomes ice. The whole process of making a glacier takes about 100 years. Some ice is packed so closely that it looks blue. The snow on top of a glacier looks white because it reflects all of the light. But the ice layers of the glacier do not have many air pockets. They absorb different parts of light and reflect blue light. Some of the glaciers on the Earth may be very old. Scientists think that a few glaciers have ice that is about 8 million years old. Not all of the glaciers are so old, though. A number of glaciers in Alaska (阿拉斯加) are only about 100 years old. There are different kinds of glaciers. An ice stream is a kind of glacier that forms on another glacier, and it looks like a frozen river. Rock glaciers are made when ice, rock, and other objects get mixed together. 24．The underlined word “absorb” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”. A．cut down B．take in C．make up 25．Why does the writer talk about Alaska’s glaciers? A．Because some of the glaciers are not very old. B．Because they are the oldest glaciers on the Earth. C．Because the weather in Alaska is very cold. 26．How does the writer support his idea in the last paragraph? A．By asking questions. B．By showing numbers. C．By giving examples. 27．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To make an introduction about glaciers. B．To describe different kinds of fresh water. C．To point out the importance of glaciers. 【答案】24．B 25．A 26．C 27．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了冰川的形成过程、颜色成因、年龄差异以及不同类型。 24．根据第二段内容，冰川顶部的雪反射所有光线所以呈白色，而冰川冰层几乎没有气泡，会 “吸收” 光线的不同部分、只反射蓝光，因此画线词absorb的意思是 “吸收”，与take in的意思相近。 25．根据第三段中“Scientists think that a few glaciers have ice that is about 8 million years old. Not all of the glaciers are so old, though. A number of glaciers in Alaska (阿拉斯加) are only about 100 years old.”，作者先说明地球上有些冰川非常古老（约 800 万年），接着用转折，举例阿拉斯加的冰川只有约 100 年历史，是为了说明 “并非所有冰川都很古老”。 26．根据最后一段中“There are different kinds of glaciers.”，作者随后列举了ice stream（冰流）和rock glaciers（岩石冰川）两种冰川作为例子，因此是通过举例子支撑观点。 27．通读全文可知，文章从冰川的淡水占比、形成过程、外观、年龄、类型等多个方面，全面介绍了冰川的相关知识。 C More and more schools in China are starting to do garbage sorting (垃圾分类), and No.2 Middle School in Nantong is one of them. Since September 2024, the school has carried out a garbage sorting activity to teach students about environmental protection and sustainable development (可持续发展). The school has put different colored garbage bins in every classroom and on the playground. Green bins are for kitchen waste, blue for recyclable waste, red for harmful waste, and grey for other waste. The teachers teach students how to sort different kinds of garbage and why it’s important. For example, recyclable waste like paper and plastic can be made into new things, and harmful waste like batteries can pollute the earth if not sorted properly. To make the activity more interesting, the school holds a garbage sorting competition every month. Students need to sort different kinds of garbage quickly and correctly. The winning class gets a small prize, like a green plant or a book about the environment. Many students said the competition makes them remember the sorting rules better. So far, the school’s garbage sorting activity has been very successful. The amount of recyclable waste has increased by 40%, and the amount of harmful waste has been sorted correctly by over 90%. The headmaster said, “Garbage sorting is a small thing, but it’s a big step for environmental protection. We hope our students can form a good habit of sorting garbage and take the habit home to their families. In this way, more people can join in the environmental protection work.” 28．What color of garbage bin is for recyclable waste in No.2 Middle School? A．Green. B．Blue. C．Red. D．Grey. 29．What does the school do to make the garbage sorting activity more interesting? A．It puts garbage bins in every classroom. B．It teaches students the sorting rules. C．It gives students a lot of money as a prize. D．It holds a garbage sorting competition every month. 30．How much has the amount of recyclable waste increased in the school? A．By 30%. B．By 40%. C．By 90%. D．By 100%. 31．What does the headmaster hope the students can do? A．To only sort garbage at school. B．To forget the garbage sorting rules after the activity. C．To form a garbage sorting habit and take it home. D．To take part in more competitions and win prizes. 【答案】28．B 29．D 30．B 31．C 【导语】本文讲述了南通第二中学自2024年9月起开展垃圾分类活动，通过设置不同颜色的垃圾桶、教授分类知识、举办月度竞赛等措施，取得了显著成效，旨在培养学生的环保习惯并带动家庭参与。 28．文章第二段指出“blue for recyclable waste”，直接说明了蓝色垃圾桶用于可回收垃圾。 29．文章第三段提及“the school holds a garbage sorting competition every month”，表明学校通过每月举办垃圾分类竞赛来增加活动趣味性。 30．文章第四段明确说明“The amount of recyclable waste has increased by 40%”，直接给出了可回收垃圾增加的比例。 31．文章第四段校长提到“We hope our students can form a good habit of sorting garbage and take the habit home to their families”，表明校长希望学生养成垃圾分类习惯并影响家庭。 D Governments around the world are pushing for an end to plastic straws (吸管) and bags. More and more businesses are changing to paper products. Using paper products is considered to be better than plastic. However, it is harmful to the environment, too. Paper bags and straws are made from trees. Trees are good for the environment. They can slow down climate change. An increase in the use of paper bags need to cut down more trees. The production of paper things requires more energy and water. You might say that we can use recycled paper to save that energy and water. This seems to be a good idea. However, it takes even more energy and water to go through the recycling process than to make a newspaper bag. Paper products are heavier than plastic ones. That means they require more energy to transport (运输). Seven trucks are needed to transport two million paper bags, while only one truck is needed to transport the same number of plastic bags. The increased weight also leads to a larger amount of waste once the bags are thrown away. Paper products are actually a lose-lose for both the environment and businesses. They are more expensive than plastic products. A paper straw costs about 5 to 12 cents, while a plastic one usually costs only about 2 cents. The most environment-friendly way is to avoid single-use things. Products like glass water bottles can be used over and over again. They are much better than either paper products or plastic products. By increasing the use of these things you can greatly reduce your throwaway waste and truly make our earth a greener place! 32．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 1? A．Using plastic straws. B．Using plastic bags. C．Using paper products. D．Using single-use things. 33．What does the writer think of the recycled paper? A．It saves energy and water. B．It seems not to be a good idea. C．It is better than single-use paper. D．It’s easy to make by recycling process. 34．Why does the writer compare the prices of a paper straw and a plastic straw? A．To show paper products aren’t good for businesses. B．To show paper products are better than plastic ones. C．To show paper products are pop lar among the businesses. D．To show paper products are harmful to the environment, too. 35．What is the best title of the text? A．Paper or Plastics? Either! B．Environment and Businesses? Either! C．Paper or Plastics? Neither! D．Environment and Businesses? Neither! 【答案】32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讨论了纸质产品和塑料产品对环境的影响。 32．词句猜测题。根据文中“Using paper products is considered to be better than plastic. However, it is harmful to the environment, too.”可知，前文提到使用纸质产品被认为比塑料好，接着用“However”转折，说“它”对环境也有害，这里“it”指代的就是“Using paper products”。故选C。 33．观点态度题。根据文中“You might say that we can use recycled paper to save that energy and water. This seems to be a good idea. However, it takes even more energy and water to go through the recycling process than to make a newspaper bag.”可知，你可能会说可以用再生纸节省能源和水，这看似是个好主意，但回收过程比制作纸袋耗费更多能源和水，所以作者认为使用再生纸看似不是个好主意。故选B。 34．推理判断题。根据文中“Paper products are actually a lose-lose for both the environment and businesses. They are more expensive than plastic products. A paper straw costs about 5 to 12 cents, while a plastic one usually costs only about 2 cents.”可知，纸质产品对环境和企业来说实际上是双输，它们比塑料产品贵，通过对比纸吸管和塑料吸管的价格，是为了表明纸质产品对企业不利。故选A。 35．最佳标题题。文章指出纸质产品和塑料产品都对环境有不利影响，最环保的方式是避免使用一次性用品，即两者都不选，“Paper or Plastics? Neither!”（纸还是塑料？都不是！）能很好地体现文章主旨。故选C。 E 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Yangtze River is the longest river in China and the third longest river in the world. 36 It is about 6,300 kilometres long. It starts from the Tanggula Mountains and runs through some provinces. 37 During the long history of ancient China, this river helped feed millions of people and develop ancient cultures. Many important cities such as Shanghai and Nanjing are sitting along the river. 38 In the past, the water in it was clean but now it is dirty. A lot of fish died because of water pollution. Luckily, people realized the importance of protecting the Yangtze River. A program was set up in 1989 to protect the water and land around the river. It was successful because it helped improve the environment. 39 It helps protect white-flag dolphins, one of the rarest animals in the world. The number of white-flag dolphins in China dropped because of the pollution in the Yangtze River. 40 However, we still have a long way to go to protect the great river. Let’s work together to help our mother river become as clean as it used to be. A．So far, we have made some achievements. B．Finally, it runs into the East China Sea. C．Another program is carried out to protect them. D．However, the Yangtze River is facing serious pollution. E．A great program was set up to save the river. F．It is just shorter than the Nile River in Africa and the Amazon River in South America. 【答案】36．F 37．B 38．D 39．C 40．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了长江的地理概况、历史作用、面临的环境问题以及为保护长江所采取的措施。 36．前文提到长江在世界排名第三，空处需要补充它的排名相关情况。F项“它仅比非洲的尼罗河和南美洲的亚马逊河短。”承接上文，具体解释了“世界第三长河”的含义。 37．前文提到它发源于唐古拉山脉，流经若干省份，空处需要补充它的终点信息。B项“最终汇入东海。”和前文形成完整逻辑。 38．后文提到过去河水干净，现在变脏了，空处需要引出长江面临的污染问题。D项“然而，长江正面临严重的污染。”自然引出下文对污染现状的描述。 39．前文提到1989年的保护项目很成功，后文又提到保护白鱀豚的内容，空处需要衔接另一个保护项目。C项“另一个项目已实施来保护它们。”自然衔接前文。 40．后文提到“但我们还有很长的路要走”，空处需要先说明已经取得的成果。A项“迄今为止，我们已经取得了一些成就。”和后文形成转折关系，自然引出后文。 四．阅读填空（10分） 请认真阅读下面短文，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As we all know, the forest is the lung of the earth. However, the forests around the world are 41 great danger now. Every year, millions of trees are cut down, and the green areas are getting smaller and smaller. To protect the forests, our country has made new rules. Many of the old forests 42 (protect) in the new national parks next year. Local government will close some of 43 (it) mountain areas to stop people from cutting down trees. The mountain here is so famous that 44 (million) of tourists visit it every year. They leave lots of rubbish, which does great harm to the forest. Most of the old paths in the forest 45 (close) next month to let the plants grow back. Experts said 46 over 30% of the country’s forests have been damaged so far. Too many tourists cause a lot of 47 (pollute) to the forest areas. An expert said the biggest problem 48 (be) the uncontrolled tourism and wood cutting. He believed the 49 (good) way to protect the forest is to build more national parks. He said, “I hope the government can take steps 50 (protect) the forests. At the same time, I also hope all of us can try our best to save paper and plant more trees. 【答案】41．in 42．will be protected 43．its 44．millions 45．will be closed 46．that 47．pollution 48．was 49．best 50．to protect 【导语】本文围绕森林保护展开，介绍了全球森林面临的危机、我国出台的保护措施，以及专家对森林保护的建议，呼吁人们共同守护森林资源。 41．句意：然而，全世界的森林现在正处于极大的危险之中。此处是常用搭配in great danger，意为“处于极大的危险中”。 42．句意：明年，许多古老的森林将在新的国家公园中得到保护。主语Many of the old forests与动词protect是被动关系，且时间状语next year表示将来，需用一般将来时的被动语态will be protected。 43．句意：当地政府将关闭其部分山区，以阻止人们砍伐树木。此处修饰名词mountain areas，需用形容词性物主代词its，指代Local government。 44．句意：这里的山非常有名，每年有数百万游客前来参观。millions of 是常用搭配，意为“数百万的”，表示不确定的大数。 45．句意：下个月，森林里的大多数旧小路将被关闭，让植物重新生长。主语Most of the old paths与动词close是被动关系，且时间状语next month表示将来，需用一般将来时的被动语态will be closed。 46．句意：专家表示，到目前为止，该国超过30%的森林已遭到破坏。此处引导宾语从句，从句语义完整，需用连接词that。 47．句意：过多的游客给林区造成了大量污染。a lot of后接名词，pollute是动词，需变为名词形式pollution。 48．句意：一位专家表示，最大的问题是不受控制的旅游业和伐木。主句An expert said是一般过去时，宾语从句需用相应的过去时态，主语the biggest problem是单数，be动词应用was。 49．句意：他认为保护森林最好的方法是建立更多的国家公园。定冠词the后接形容词最高级，good的最高级是best。 50．句意：我希望政府能够采取措施保护森林。take steps to do sth.是常用搭配，意为“采取措施做某事”，故填动词不定式to protect。 五．阅读表达（10分） Wang Yue is a middle school student and an active volunteer in her neighborhood. Every weekend, she spends hours helping to build a better community. In the past year, she has led a “Green Community” project, where she organized her classmates to clean up the local park, plant over 100 trees, and set up recycling bins in every building. For the elderly who live alone, Wang Yue visits them twice a month to teach them how to sort garbage into different bins— recyclable, kitchen waste, and harmful waste. She even made colorful posters with simple pictures to help them remember the rules. During the summer holiday, she started a “Little Volunteers” club for primary school students, teaching them about the importance of saving water and electricity through fun games and stories. Wang Yue says, “Volunteering makes me realize that even small actions can bring big changes. When I see the park become cleaner or the elderly smile because they understand recycling, I feel proud of what we’re doing together.” Her passion has inspired more than 30 neighbors to join the volunteer team, and the community now looks greener and more harmonious (和谐的). 51．How often does Wang Yue help the elderly learn garbage sorting? 52．According to Wang Yue, what does volunteering make her realize? 53．When did Wang Yue start the “Little Volunteers” club for primary school students? 54．Why did Wang Yue make colorful posters with simple pictures? 55．If you could join Wang Yue’s volunteer team, what new activity would you suggest? Why? 【答案】51．Twice a month. 52．Volunteering makes her realize that even small actions can bring big changes. 53．During the summer holiday. 54．To help the elderly who live alone remember the garbage sorting rules. 55．I would suggest organizing a “Community Gardening Day” to let neighbors plant flowers together. This can not only make the community more beautiful but also help people get to know each other better. (开放性题目，言之有理即可) 【导语】本文主要介绍了中学生王悦作为社区志愿者，通过开展绿色社区、教老人垃圾分类、创办小小志愿者俱乐部等活动，为建设美好社区贡献力量，并带动更多人参与志愿服务的故事。 51．第二段指出：“Wang Yue visits them twice a month to teach them how to sort garbage into different bins”，说明王悦每个月看望独居老人两次，教他们垃圾分类，答案直接提取即可。 52．第三段指出：“Volunteering makes me realize that even small actions can bring big changes”，说明志愿服务让王悦意识到即使是微小的行动也能带来巨大的改变，答案直接提取即可。 53．第三段指出：“During the summer holiday, she started a ‘Little Volunteers’ club for primary school students”，说明王悦在暑假期间为小学生创办了 “小小志愿者” 俱乐部，答案直接提取即可。 54．第二段指出：“She even made colorful posters with simple pictures to help them remember the rules”，说明王悦制作带简单图画的彩色海报是为了帮助独居老人记住垃圾分类规则，答案从文中提取并整理即可。 55．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一。结合文章和自己的看法，合理作答即可。 六．书面表达（20分） 56．假如你是李华，你的学校正在开展“绿色校园”活动。请你根据以下提示，写一篇短文介绍你和同学们如何保护环境。 提示： 1. 节约用水（关水龙头、用雨水浇花等）； 2. 节约用电（关灯、使用节能灯等）； 3. 减少垃圾（垃圾分类、使用可重复使用的物品等）； 4. 你的感受。 要求： 1. 内容全面，语言通顺，条理清晰； 2. 词数70左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文 My school is having a “Green School” activity. We try to protect the environment. First, we save water. We turn off the tap when brushing teeth and use rainwater to water flowers. Second, we save energy. We turn off lights when leaving the classroom and use energy-saving bulbs. Third, we reduce waste. We sort rubbish into different bins and use reusable bags. I feel proud to help the Earth. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性文章，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：保护环境的具体做法（节约用水、节约用电、减少垃圾）、个人感受 确定人称：第一人称（We/I） 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，说明学校正在开展“绿色校园”活动及目的 主体段：分别介绍节约用水、节约用电、减少垃圾的具体做法 结尾段：总结个人感受，升华环保主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：节约用水 具体做法：turn off the tap when brushing teeth/use rainwater to water flowers等 作用效果：save much water/protect the limited water resources等 要点二：节约用电 具体做法：turn off lights when leaving the classroom/use energy-saving bulbs等 作用效果：save energy/reduce electricity waste等 要点三：减少垃圾 具体做法：sort rubbish into different bins/use reusable bags等 作用效果：keep our school clean/reduce environmental pollution等 要点四：我的感受 感受表达：feel proud/happy to help the Earth/realize the importance of protecting the environment等 具体说明：It’s our duty to protect the environment/we should keep doing these things to make our school greener等 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $