Unit 6 Learning（话题阅读精练）英语新教材北师大版八年级下册

Unit 6 Learning （话题阅读精练） 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了联合国教科文组织每年2月21日举办国际母语日，旨在防止世界语言消失。 实战演练 Passage1 完形填空 说明文 介绍了培养良好英语阅读习惯的四条建议，帮助人们更好地学习英语。 Passage2 完形填空 记叙文 文章介绍了18岁的英国女孩黛西·拉芬创建了一个在线学习网站，向全球人们教授中文的故事。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 主要介绍了“give me five”的含义、流行地区、使用场景及起源，还建议人们在开心时用它互动。             Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了肢体语言的作用，以及它在不同文化中的共性与差异，旨在帮助人们理解跨文化交流中肢体语言的重要性。 Passage5 阅读理解 记叙文 文章主要讲述了一位英国人最初因认为汉语难学且在上海可用英语交流而没学中文，一年后受其他侨民鼓舞开始学习，并克服听力等困难取得进步的故事。 Passage6 阅读理解 说明文 主要介绍费曼学习法。 Passage7 阅读理解 说明文 主要介绍了学习外语的四个建议：投入时间、每天听读、关注词汇短语、放松享受过程。 Passage8 阅读理解 说明文 主要讲了大脑对氧气的需求，并给出了“告诉他人、学习后入睡、拆分信息、放松心态、联想画面”等提高记忆力的具体方法。 Passage9 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了如何使课堂笔记更有效的方法。 Passage10 阅读理解 说明文 主要介绍了波士顿大学的研究人员关于语言学习关键期的研究发现，指出儿童学习第二语言的最佳年龄以及影响语言学习能力的因素。 Passage11 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了四种常见的学习方式：视觉学习、听觉学习、动觉学习以及读写学习，并鼓励读者找到适合自己的学习方式。 Passage12 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了广东茂名的农民陈丽容学习英语、用“广式英语”推广家乡农产品的故事。 Passage13 阅读理解 说明文 主要讲述了父母如何通过调整自己的交流方式来帮助孩子发展语言技能。 Passage14 阅读理解 说明文 文章针对如何成为流利的英语使用者给出建议，指出英语学习包含读、听、说、写四项技能 Passage15 阅读理解 议论文 主要围绕“学校是否应禁止学生使用俚语”展开讨论。 时文阅读 Passage1 Each year on Feb 21, UNESCO ( 联合国教科文组织) holds an International Mother Language Day (IMLD, 国际母语日 ) to help prevent the disappearance (消失) of the world’s languages; many of them are disappearing each year. UNESCO sees this as a terrible fact. What happens when a language dies out? Something great is lost—not just sounds and signs but the way that people understand the world and communicate with each other. We keep different cultures and traditions through languages. Kill a language and all these are killed too. Through IMLD, more and more people come to realize the terrible situation and try to stop it. Google’s 2018 Endangered (濒临灭绝的) Languages Project is a good example. Many speakers and protectors of endangered languages upload (上传) texts, audios, and videos to the project website. They want to introduce the way that people communicate and express themselves around the world. The Myaamia Project is the same kind of project to revive the language spoken by the Miami tribes (部落) of the United States. Project members work to support people in studying and communicating with this language, which died out in the 1960s. These activities give life to those endangered languages. People who work to keep languages alive are not limited to the past. Many young people design apps and use social media to support their activities. They use words to save the world. So, while the problem of disappearing languages is still a very serious one, there is hope. We all have a special feeling for our mother language. This is why we should remember the wise words of the late president of South Africa, Nelson Mandela, “If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to a man in his own language, that goes to his heart.” 1．What did people do in Google’s 2018 Endangered Languages Project? A．Discuss how to make good use of Google. B．Offer online courses on endangered languages. C．Share things about endangered languages online. D．Translate endangered languages into mother languages. 2．What does the underlined word “revive” mean in Paragraph ( 段落) 5? A．to cause something B．to learn something C．to bring something back to life D．to take away something 3．What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 6? A．It is more difficult to protect endangered languages. B．The disappearance of languages has already stopped. C．Young people don’t care about endangered languages. D．Young people have new ways to protect languages. 4．The writer mentions Nelson Mandela’s words in order to ________. A．tell the importance of one’s mother language B．show his actions to protect languages C．tell the trouble in learning endangered languages D．show that it is possible to protect mother languages 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了联合国教科文组织每年2月21日举办国际母语日，旨在防止世界语言消失。 1．细节理解题。根据“Many speakers and protectors of endangered languages upload (上传) texts, audios, and videos to the project website.”可知，在谷歌2018年濒危语言项目中，人们在线分享濒危语言相关内容。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“The Myaamia Project is the same kind of project to revive the language spoken by the Miami tribes (部落) of the United States. Project members work to support people in studying and communicating with this language, which died out in the 1960s.”可知，revive意思是让消失的语言重新恢复生机，即to bring something back to life。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Many young people design apps and use social media to support their activities. They use words to save the world.”可知，说明年轻人有新的方式保护语言。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to a man in his own language, that goes to his heart.”可知，此句强调了用母语交流能深入人心，体现了母语的重要性，可推测作者引用是为了说明母语的重要性。故选A。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Reading is a great way to improve your English. Do you want to have a good reading habit? Here is some useful 1 for you. It can help you enjoy reading and learn English better. First, choose the right books. You can pick storybooks or magazines that are 2 for your English level. Don’t choose books that are too hard. You will feel 3 if you can’t understand most of the words. Second, read for 15 to 20 minutes every day. It’s a short time, but it’s very 4 . You can read before breakfast or after dinner. Try to do it at the same time every day, and it will be a good 5 . Third, take some notes when you read. You can write down new words and their 6 in a notebook. It can help you 7 the words well. You can also draw mind maps to remember the main ideas of the story. Fourth, share your reading with your friends. When you finish a book, you can 8 it with your classmates. You can talk about your favorite characters or the most interesting parts. It will make reading more 9 . If you follow these tips, you will find that reading is not boring at all. It will become your good friend and help you 10 your English a lot. 1．A．money B．advice C．activity D．problem 2．A．fit B．famous C．ready D．sorry 3．A．happy B．excited C．tired D．relaxed 4．A．useless B．helpful C．expensive D．different 5．A．habit B．dream C．lesson D．plan 6．A．prices B．meanings C．numbers D．colors 7．A．lose B．leave C．remember D．forget 8．A．try B．share C．buy D．sell 9．A．boring B．terrible C．interesting D．difficult 10．A．improve B．change C．choose D．describe 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了培养良好英语阅读习惯的四条建议，帮助人们更好地学习英语。 1．句意：这里有一些有用的建议给你。 根据前文“想养成好的阅读习惯”以及后文“帮助你享受阅读、学好英语”，此处应是给出建议，advice“建议”符合语境。money“钱”、activity“活动”、problem“问题”均不符合。 2．句意：你可以挑选适合你英语水平的故事书或杂志。 根据后文“不要选太难的书”，可知要选适合自己水平的，fit“适合的”符合。famous“著名的”、ready“准备好的”、sorry“抱歉的”均不符合。 3．句意：如果你大部分单词都不懂，你会感到疲惫。 读不懂内容会产生挫败、疲惫的感觉，tired“疲惫的”符合。happy“开心的”、excited“兴奋的”、relaxed“放松的”均不符合语境。 4．句意：时间很短，但非常有帮助。 前文说每天读15到20分钟，转折后强调其作用，helpful“有帮助的”符合。useless“无用的”、expensive“昂贵的”、different“不同的”均不符合。 5．句意：尽量每天同一时间做，它会成为一个好习惯。 根据前文“每天固定时间阅读”，这会养成习惯，habit“习惯”符合。dream“梦想”、lesson“课程”、plan“计划”均不符合。 6．句意：你可以在笔记本上写下新单词和它们的意思。 学习新单词需要记意思，meanings“意思”符合。prices“价格”、numbers“数字”、colors“颜色”均与单词无关。 7．句意：这能帮助你很好地记住这些单词。 记单词的目的是记住，remember“记住”符合。lose“丢失”、leave“离开”、forget“忘记”均不符合。 8．句意：当你读完一本书，你可以和同学分享它。 根据前文“和朋友分享你的阅读”，share“分享”符合。try“尝试”、buy“买”、sell“卖”均不符合。 9．句意：这会让阅读更有趣。 和他人交流讨论能让阅读变得更有趣，interesting“有趣的”符合。boring“无聊的”、terrible“糟糕的”、difficult“困难的”均不符合。 10．句意：它会成为你的好朋友，帮助你大大提高英语水平。 文章开头就说阅读是提高英语的好方法，improve“提高”符合。change“改变”、choose“选择”、describe“描述”均不符合。 Passage2 Learning Chinese may seem difficult for foreigners outside China. However, Daisy Raffan, an 18-year-old girl in Britain, hopes to bring the 1 to the young people. Daisy has 2 an online learning website to teach the language to people all over the world. With China’s 3 development in the world, Daisy thinks it is important for people to learn the language. Daisy 4 learning Putonghua at the age of five. Two years ago, after she decided to help with the 5 of Putonghua, she came up with the idea for the website, kidschineseclub.com. She said, “People are afraid to learn Putonghua. One of the main 6 is that they think it’s an impossible language to learn, but I have fun doing it.” Her website offers videos of Daisy to 7 a group of students about Chinese culture. Daisy’s website 8 the support (支持) of several important persons—Gordon Brown, the British Prime Minister (首相). She said, “I wrote to him and told him what I was doing and got a 9 back. He said that it was a really good idea. I thought it was amazing. I was 10 that someone so important was supporting what we’re doing. “ 1．A．novel B．ability C．language D．business 2．A．stayed up B．shown up C．set up D．given up 3．A．fast B．patient C．harmful D．perfect 4．A．stopped B．started C．remembered D．forgot 5．A．flag B．reason C．passage D．spread 6．A．notes B．partners C．reasons D．memories 7．A．teach B．scan C．suffer D．see 8．A．won B．suited C．served D．lost 9．A．textbook B．toy C．report D．letter 10．A．sad B．excited C．angry D．safe 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．A 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了18岁的英国女孩黛西·拉芬创建了一个在线学习网站，向全球人们教授中文的故事。 1．句意：然而，英国18岁的女孩黛西·拉芬希望把这门语言带给年轻人。 novel小说；ability能力；language语言；business生意。根据原文“Learning Chinese may seem difficult to foreigners outside China”可知，前文围绕学习中文展开，此处指把“中文这门语言”带给年轻人，故选C。 2．句意：黛西创建了一个在线学习网站，向全世界的人教授这门语言。 stayed up熬夜；shown up出现；set up创建、建立；given up放弃。根据原文“an online learning website”可知，搭配“创建”网站，用set up，故选C。 3．句意：随着中国在世界上的快速发展，黛西认为学习这门语言对人们来说很重要。 fast快速的；patient有耐心的；harmful有害的；perfect完美的。根据原文“development in the world”可知，中国的发展是“快速的”，故选A。 4．句意：黛西五岁开始学习普通话。 stopped停止；started开始；remembered记得；forgot忘记。根据原文“at the age of five”可知，此处指“开始”学习普通话，故选B。 5．句意：两年前，在她决定助力普通话传播后，她想到了创建kidschineseclub.com这个网站的主意。 flag旗帜；reason原因；passage段落；spread传播。根据原文“teach the language to people all over the world”可知，网站的目的是教授中文，助力其“传播”，故选D。 6．句意：其中一个主要原因是他们认为这是一门不可能学会的语言，但我却乐在其中。 notes笔记；partners伙伴；reasons原因；memories回忆。根据原文“they think it’s an impossible language to learn”可知，这是人们害怕学中文的“原因”，故选C。 7．句意：她的网站提供黛西的视频，向一群学生教授中国文化。 teach教授；scan扫描；suffer遭受；see看见。根据原文“an online learning website to teach the language”可知，网站的功能是“教授”语言和文化，故选A。 8．句意：黛西的网站获得了几位重要人士的支持——英国首相戈登·布朗。 won获得；suited适合；served服务；lost失去。根据原文“the support of several important persons”可知，搭配“获得”支持，用won，故选A。 9．句意：她说：“我写信给他，告诉了他我在做的事情，然后收到了回信。” textbook课本；toy玩具；report报告；letter信。根据原文“I wrote to him”可知，写信后收到“回信”，故选D。 10．句意：我很兴奋，这么重要的人竟然支持我们所做的事情。 sad伤心的；excited兴奋的；angry生气的；safe安全的。根据原文“someone so important was supporting what we’re doing”可知，得到重要人士的支持，黛西应是“兴奋的”，故选B。 Passage3 If someone says “give me five” to you, don’t hurry to look for five yuan in your bag. He isn’t asking for your money at all—what he really wants is your hand! In America, “give me five” and “give me the high five” are very popular. You can often see people do this action in videos and on TV. It’s an easy and fun gesture: two people clap their right hands together. Sometimes they even put their hands a little high when they clap—that’s why it’s also called “high five”! People usually do “give me five” when good or lucky things happen to them. For example, after a football game, if a team wins, the players will run to each other and give one another five. They use this gesture to show their happiness and excitement about the win. Do you know where “give me five” comes from? It has a long history—it comes from an old Roman gesture. A long time ago in Rome, when people went to meet the emperor, they would raise their right hands. They did this to let the emperor see clearly that there was nothing in their hands. In this way, the emperor could meet them safely, without worrying that they might have dangerous things. Well, now you know all about “give me five.” What are you waiting for? Next time you have a happy moment with your friends—like when you both get good grades or win a small game—try doing “give me five” with them. It will make your happy time even more fun! 1．What does someone really want when he says “give me five” to you? A．Five yuan. B．Your hand. C．A gift. D．A book. 2．Where is “give me five” very popular according to the text? A．In China. B．In Australia. C．In Japan. D．In America. 3．When do people usually do “give me five”? A．When they feel sad. B．When good things happen. C．When they are hungry. D．When they need help. 4．What did old Roman people do when they met the emperor? A．They gave the emperor five yuan. B．They clapped their hands with the emperor. C．They raised their right hands. D．They bowed to the emperor. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】 本文是说明文。主要介绍了“give me five”的含义、流行地区、使用场景及起源，还建议人们在开心时用它互动。             1．细节理解题。根据第一段“He isn’t asking for your money at all—what he really wants is your hand!”可知，当他对你说“give me five”时，他想要的是“你的手”而不是五元钱。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“In America,‘give me five’and‘give me the high five’are very popular.”可知，“give me five”和“give me the high five”在美国非常受欢迎。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“People usually do‘give me five’when good or lucky things happen to them.”可知，当好事或幸运的事发生在他们身上时，他们通常会“give me five”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“...when people went to meet the emperor, they would raise their right hands.”可知，当他们去见皇帝时，他们会举起右手。故选C。 Passage4 ①Have you ever watched a silent film and tried to guess what the characters were saying? Body language, like facial expressions, is the mirror of a person’s feelings. It helps us communicate without saying much at all. ②Sometimes we can share the common sense from culture to culture. Turning red-faced shows one’s anger, shock or excitement. The wide eyes with a half-opened mouth mean surprise. Also, some other body movements can express the same meanings in different cultures. For example, being back in one’s seat and yawning at a talk show people are not interested, and looking at the watch from time to time in a conversation means people have something to do in a hurry. ③However, not all body language can show the same meanings in different cultures. What holds true for Indians may not be the same in Africa. First of all, in some cultures, people respect and encourage the direct eye contact. In English, there is a saying, “Don’t trust anyone who won’t look you in the eye.” In many countries, direct eye contact between two people is considered important. According to most Western cultures, if a person looks directly at you, it is a sign that the person is honest and sincere and even can be trusted. While many cultures believe that direct eye contact from a child to an adult is an act of respect. ④The OK sign, which is commonly used in many cultures, also has different meanings across the cultures. It means agreement in North American culture. But to French, it means “zero” or “valueless”, not “fine” or “OK”. Touching is another example. At times, saying hello could turn into a disaster if one does not consider the use of touch in another culture. A general and accepted way of saying “Hello” in Western culture is a simple handshake. A great deal of importance has been placed on how one should shake hands. ⑤So, the next time you decide to travel to another country, besides looking up places to visit, a quick search or a book can guide you on how to use proper body language to better communicate with the local people, and avoid being impolite to them during your stay! 1．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．A silent film. B．The mirror. C．Body language. D．A person’s feeling. 2．According to the passage, which one has the similar meaning from culture to culture? A．Turning red-faced. B．Direct eye contact. C．The OK sign. D．A simple handshake. 3．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Body language is more important B．Body language helps you go travelling C．Body language changes among cultures D．Body language influences communication 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了肢体语言的作用，以及它在不同文化中的共性与差异，旨在帮助人们理解跨文化交流中肢体语言的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据第①段“Body language, like facial expressions, is the mirror of a person’s feelings. It helps us communicate without saying much at all.”可知，这里的“It”指代前文提到的“Body language”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第②段“Sometimes we can share the common sense from culture to culture. Turning red-faced shows one’s anger, shock or excitement.”可知，脸红在不同文化中表达的含义相似。而直接眼神交流、OK 手势、简单握手在文中都被提到有文化差异。故选A。 3．篇章结构题。文章第①段总起，引出肢体语言的话题；第②段介绍不同文化中肢体语言的共性；第③④段通过具体例子说明肢体语言在不同文化中的差异；第⑤段总结，给出跨文化交流时的建议。因此文章结构为“总—分—总”。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕“肢体语言在不同文化中的异同”展开，既提到了共性，也重点阐述了差异，核心是文化间的变化。选项C“Body language changes among cultures”最能概括全文主旨。故选C。 Passage5 Before arriving in China, I had read lots of books about China. Therefore, when I arrived, I was excited to be living in this huge, historically and culturally rich country. It was so greatly different from the UK. The food, the landmarks, the big cities and everyday life—I couldn’t wait to explore. However, learning Chinese hadn’t even entered my mind, not because I was lazy, but because I had no confidence to learn the most difficult language in the world. Besides this, once I moved to China, I lived in Shanghai. It is an international city, with many people speaking English as a second language. So I thought English would be enough. But after a year in China, I found many expats (侨民) spoke Chinese. Perhaps it was achievable (可达到的) after all, I felt uncomfortable because so many Chinese people could speak English, while I couldn’t even speak the most basic Chinese. To face the challenge, I decided to begin my language journey and my only regret is that I didn’t start earlier. In the two years since starting to learn, I have made great progress. Now, I am able to talk in Chinese on many topics. Learning to speak Chinese isn’t as difficult as I once expected. When I speak to Chinese people in Chinese, they almost always understand me. The most challenging thing is listening since Chinese people talk at such a speed (速度). I can’t always understand what’s been said, but my weekly online language exchanges help with this. Learning Chinese has taken a lot of hard work. But there is still a long way to go before I reach my goal of fluency (流利). Learning Chinese not only helps me in day-to-day life, but deepens (加深) my cultural understanding of such a great country. So, to all my non-Chinese friends I say this, don’t be afraid, face the challenge and be confident. 1．What did the writer do after arriving in China? A．He read a lot of books about China. B．He couldn’t wait to study Chinese. C．He tried to learn more about China. D．He missed his life in his home of the UK. 2．How long has the writer learned Chinese since he came to China? A．For a year. B．For two years. C．For three years. D．For four years. 3．Why does the writer think listening is the most challenging? A．He has a hearing problem. B．Chinese people speak too fast. C．Chinese is the most difficult language. D．He doesn’t know much about many topics. 4．What does the writer want to tell us according to the passage? A．It’s never too late to learn. B．A good beginning makes a good ending. C．Great hopes make a great man. D．Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位英国人最初因认为汉语难学且在上海可用英语交流而没学中文，一年后受其他侨民鼓舞开始学习，并克服听力等困难取得进步的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The food, the landmarks, the big cities and everyday life—I couldn’t wait to explore.”可知，作者到达中国后，迫不及待地想要探索中国的食物、地标、大城市和日常生活，即尝试更多地了解中国。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“But after a year in China, I found many expats (侨民) spoke Chinese. Perhaps it was achievable (可达到的) after all, I felt uncomfortable... I decided to begin my language journey...”以及第四段中“In the two years since starting to learn, I have made great progress.”可知，作者在中国待了一年之后开始学习中文，并且自从开始学习以来已经两年了，所以作者学习中文的时间为两年。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The most challenging thing is listening since Chinese people talk at such a speed (速度).”可知，作者认为听力是最具挑战性的，因为中国人说话速度太快。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。全文通过作者从不敢学中文到克服困难、取得进步的经历，最后鼓励大家“don’t be afraid, face the challenge and be confident”，强调只要勇于尝试，困难就能克服，与“Nothing is difficult to the man who will try” (世上无难事，只怕有心人) 含义相符。故选D。 Passage6 ①The Feynman Technique was developed by Nobel Prize-winning physicist Richard Feynman. It’s a study method that helps students learn by teaching others. ②The Feynman Technique has been one of the most effective study methods for many years. For one thing, it helps students really understand something instead of just memorizing information. Plus, unlike traditional study methods like rereading textbooks or reviewing notes, it pushes students to take a more active part in the learning process. ③If you want to use the Feynman Technique to study better, follow these steps. ④To begin with, choose a topic you want to learn, including subtopics. If not, you’ll end up jumping between topics without developing a deeper understanding of any of them. ⑤The second step is the heart of the Feynman Technique: make the explanation simple enough to be understood by a sixth-grade student. This requires you to help the child understand by using the simplest and clearest language possible. This step helps divide topics that are difficult to understand into their most basic parts. ⑥Next, review your explanation and try to find any area where you felt that you couldn’t explain the topic in a simple way. When possible, it can be very helpful to get advice from someone whose understanding is similar to that of a sixth-grader. ⑦The fourth step is to improve your explanation, using the information collected from the third step. ⑧Finally, follow the steps over and over again. The Feynman Technique works best with repetition, and that is why going through all the prior (先前的) steps just once is usually not enough to fully understand the topic. ⑨Once you’re confident you’ve learned the topic well, it’s time to give yourself a prize. Perhaps, like me, enjoy a nice cup of coffee. 1．Why is the Feynman Technique better than traditional study methods? A．It saves students’ study time. B．It allows students to study in groups. C．It encourages students to do active learning. D．It helps students memorize more information. 2．Who might you get suggestions from according to the third step? A．Your parents. B．Your teachers. C．An expert in learning. D．A 12-year-old girl. 3．Which of the following is the correct order for the Feynman Technique? a. Pick a topic to learn.     b. Improve the weak areas.     c. Explain it in the simplest words. d. Repeat the steps until you really learn it.    e. Find the “imperfect part” of your explanation. A．acebd B．aebcd C．cbaed D．cebda 4．Which might be the best structure of the passage? A．①②/③④⑤⑥⑦/⑧⑨ B．①②/③④⑤⑥⑦⑧/⑨ C．①②③/④⑤⑥⑦⑧/⑨ D．①/②③/④⑤⑥⑦⑧/⑨ 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍费曼学习法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Plus, unlike traditional study methods like re-reading textbooks or reviewing notes, it pushes students to take a more active part in the learning process.”此外，与重复读教科书或复习笔记等传统学习方法不同，它促使学生更积极地参与学习过程。可知与传统学习方法不同，它让学生积极参与其中。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“When possible, it can be very helpful to get advice from someone whose understanding is similar to that of a sixth-grader.”可知，如果可能的话，从一个理解力与六年级学生相似的人那里得到建议会非常有帮助。不是家长，不是老师也不是专家，而是六年级的学生，六年级学生可以推测出是12岁的孩子。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“To begin with, choose a topic you want to learn.”、“The second step is the heart of the Feynman Technique: explaining the topic simply enough to be understood by a sixth-grade student.”、“Next, review your explanation and try to find any area where you felt that you couldn’t explain the topic simply.”、“The fourth step is to improve your explanation using the information collected from the third step.”及“Finally, repeat the steps.”可知，步骤顺序：选择主题、用简单语言解释、找出解释中的不足、改进不足之处、重复步骤，故正确顺序为a­c­e­b­d。故选A。 4．篇章结构题。本文主要介绍费曼学习法。第一、二段主要说明费曼学习法是谁发明的和它与传统教学方法的不同和优点。第三、四、五、六、七、八段主要介绍费曼学习方法具体步骤。第九段总结。故选B。 Passage7 Here is some advice to help you become good at a foreign language. Spend the time! The most important factor (要素) is how much time you spend with the language. The more time you spend, the faster you will learn. This means spending time on what you are learning—and enjoying it. Listen and read every day! Listen wherever you are. Read what you are listening to. Listen to and read things that you like, things that you can mostly understand, or even partly understand. If you keep listening and reading, you will get used to the language. Focus on words and phrases! Build up your vocabulary because you’ll need lots of words. Learn these words and phrases through your listening and reading. Read online, use online dictionaries, and make your own vocabulary lists for review, then you will be able to use them. Relax and enjoy yourself! Do you worry about what you can’t remember, or can’t yet understand, or can’t yet say? You are learning and improving. The language will gradually become clearer in your brain, but this will happen at a time that you can’t control. 1．The foreign language learner will get _______ suggestion(s) from the text. A．one B．two C．three D．four 2．According to the text, the most important requirement (需求) of learning a foreign language is ________. A．spending time on it B．listening and reading C．words and phrases D．learning and using 3．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．It’s natural to forget the words and phrases. B．You can control when you will get the language. C．There is an easy way to learn a foreign language. D．You will learn and improve the language sooner or later. 4．What is the purpose of writing this passage? A．To help improve vocabulary. B．To introduce a foreign language. C．To tell the ways of learning a foreign language. D．To solve problems about listening and speaking. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了学习外语的四个建议：投入时间、每天听读、关注词汇短语、放松享受过程。 1．文中包含四个小标题：“Spend the time!”、“Listen and read every day!”、“Focus on words and phrases!”以及“Relax and enjoy yourself!”，这直接说明提出了四条建议。 2．第二段第一句指出：“The most important factor (要素) is how much time you spend with the language.”，这说明学习外语最重要的需求是投入时间。 3．最后一段提到：“You are learning and improving. The language will gradually become clearer in your brain...”，由此推断学习者迟早会学会并提高外语的水平。 4．首段点明“Here is some advice to help you become good at a foreign language.”，随后提出四条学习外语的建议，因此本文旨在介绍学习外语的方法。 Passage8 Do you have difficulty remembering things? Do you want to know how to improve your memory? The human brain is very small and light. It is only 2% of our total body weight, but it needs about 20% of the oxygen (氧气) that our bodies take in. We can’t think well if our brains aren’t getting enough oxygen. So we should always make sure there’s enough oxygen in the air when we need to remember something! How can you improve your memory? Here are some suggestions. ●When you want to remember something, tell someone about it. This way the new information becomes easier to remember. Later on, thinking about the conversation will make you think of the thing. ●Our memory works well when we’re asleep. If you want to remember something, try going to sleep right after learning it. ●If you have to remember something big, break it down into small parts. It’s easier to remember 198756430387 if you break it into four small parts:198-756-430-387. ●If you want to remember some information but you can’t, don’t get angry. Just relax and try again later. ●One of the best ways of remembering things is to make “pictures” in your mind. If you want to buy many things including bread, flowers, gloves, a notebook and oil, just make up a story with them: Lisa was hungry and was looking for some BREAD．She opened the fridge, and saw it was full of FLOWERS. She decided to wear her GLOVES and leave the house. But she tripped over (被绊倒) a bottle of OIL and found her important NOTEBOOK under the sofa... Let yourself be surprised by your memory! 1．The writer first talked about the importance of ______ for a good memory. A．a big brain B．strong light C．enough oxygen D．proper body weight 2．Which of the following may help you to remember things according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 3．Why did the writer mention the story about Lisa? A．To show why going shopping is fun. B．To show how important it is to be careful. C．To show how “pictures” help improve memory. D．To show why we should learn to draw pictures. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．How to improve your sleeping habit. B．How to get more oxygen for your memory. C．How to put on weight. D．How to improve your memory. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了大脑对氧气的需求，并给出了“告诉他人、学习后入睡、拆分信息、放松心态、联想画面”等提高记忆力的具体方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“We can’t think well if our brains aren’t getting enough oxygen. So we should always make sure there’s enough oxygen in the air when we need to remember something!”可知，作者首先谈论了充足的氧气对良好记忆力的重要性。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Our memory works well when we’re asleep. If you want to remember something, try going to sleep right after learning it.”可知，睡眠有助于记忆。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“One of the best ways of remembering things is to make ‘pictures’ in your mind. If you want to buy many things including bread, flowers, gloves, a notebook and oil, just make up a story with them: Lisa was hungry...”可知，作者提到Lisa的故事是为了展示“画面联想”如何帮助提高记忆力。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。根据“Do you want to know how to improve your memory? How can you improve your memory? Here are some suggestions.”可知，文章主要围绕“如何提高记忆力”展开，给出了具体建议。故选D。 Passage9 ①Taking notes is a common but useful study skill. But if your notes are messy and unclear, you’re not going to get much use out of them. Now we’ll show you how to make your notes as effective (有效的) as possible. ②First, you should be an active listener. When taking notes, many students write down every word, but they don’t really understand its meaning. This is totally wrong. While you’re in class, the most important thing is to listen carefully and understand what your teacher is saying instead of just writing it down. ③Take down only key words to help you review what you have learned after class. Usually, your writing speed falls far behind of your teacher’s speaking speed. It’s unrealizable for you to write down every word the teacher is saying. Taking down just key words helps you save time and keep up with the teacher. ④What your notes look like is also important. If your notes are messy and difficult to read, you will be less likely to go back to studying them. So make sure your notes are clear and easy to read. Many people like to add some colors to the notes to make the information easier to read. This is because colors make your notes look more interesting and clearer. ⑤Having good class notes will help you to be better prepared for tests. 1．According to the writer, what is the most important thing in class? A．Doing homework carefully. B．Answering questions actively. C．Writing down the teacher’s words. D．Understanding the teacher’s words. 2．Why do many people like to add colors to the notes? A．To make the notes beautiful. B．To improve note-taking skills. C．To develop creativity in note-taking. D．To make the information easy to read. 3．What would be the best structure of the text? A．B． C． D． 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to be an active listener. B．How to review notes effectively. C．How to take effective notes. D．How to develop good study habits. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了如何使课堂笔记更有效的方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“While you’re in class, the most important thing is to listen carefully and understand what your teacher is saying instead of just writing it down.”可知，在课堂上，最重要的事情是仔细听，并理解老师在说什么。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Many people like to add some colors to the notes to make the information easier to read. This is because colors make your notes look more interesting and clearer.”可知，许多人喜欢在笔记上添加一些颜色，这样使得信息更容易阅读。故选D。 3．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段表明记笔记是一种常见且有用的学习技巧，并点明本文是关于如何让笔记尽可能发挥效用的；第二到四段进行了具体介绍；第五段是总结拥有好的课堂笔记的重要性，即能帮助学生更好地备考。因此本文是总分总结构。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了如何使课堂笔记更有效的方法，强调了积极听讲、记录关键词和保持笔记整洁的重要性。好的课堂笔记有助于更好地备考。故选C。 Passage10 The older you get, the more difficult it is to learn a new language. But no one knows exactly what the turning point is—at what age it becomes harder. In one of the largest studies, researchers from Boston-based universities found that children are good at learning a second language up until the age of 18, about 10 years later than earlier thought. But the study also showed that it is best to start by age 10 if you want to get to the level of grammatical fluency (熟练) of someone who grows up speaking the language. To work out this problem, the research team collected information on a person’s age, language level and time studying English. They created a short online test called “Which English” that checked grammar skills like matching subjects with verbs (动词), using the right pronouns (代词), and the right use of prepositions (介词). They wanted to find out when the “critical period” (关键期) of developing the highest levels of grammatical fluency ends. After learning about people’s grammar scores and information about their learning of English, the researchers did some research to find out how long it takes to become fluent in a language and the best age to start learning. They found that the ability to learn a new language, at least grammatically, is strongest until the age of 18. To become completely fluent, however, learning should start before the age of 10. There are three main ideas about why language-learning ability falls at 18—social changes, influence (影响) from one’s mother language and the development of their brains (脑). At 18, kids usually finish high school and start college or enter the workplace full-time. Once they do, they may no longer have the time or the chance to study a second language. Or it is possible that after one learns a first language, its rules interfere with the ability to learn a second language. Finally, changes in the brain that keep happening during the late teens and early 20s may somehow make learning harder. This is not to say that we cannot learn a new language if we are over 20. There are many examples of people who pick up a language later in life. Though the study was carried out only in English, the researchers believe the findings will work on other languages and they are developing some other tests for Spanish and Chinese. 1．In Paragraph 2, “this problem” means ________. A．at what age people can do the test B．how people improve their language abilities C．why people find it hard to learn grammar rules D．in what period people can learn a new language well 2．Why does people’s language-learning ability fall at 18? A．Because they have no good learning environment (环境). B．Because they are busy developing other life abilities. C．Because they needn’t improve the language ability. D．Because they pay more attention to their mother language. 3．What do the underlined words “interfere with” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Make something begin to work. B．Help something to develop. C．Pay no attention to something. D．Stop something from succeeding. 4．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To tell the readers about a finding. B．To help the readers work out problems. C．To start a conversation with the readers. D．To show the writer’s agreement on a study. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了波士顿大学的研究人员关于语言学习关键期的研究发现，指出儿童学习第二语言的最佳年龄以及影响语言学习能力的因素。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“To work out this problem, the research team collected information on a person’s age, language level and time studying English.”可知，为了解决这个问题，研究团队收集了一个人的年龄、语言水平和学习英语的时间等信息。由此可知，这个问题与“年龄和语言学习”有关，因此“this problem”指的是“在什么时期人们可以学好一门新语言”。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“At 18, kids usually finish high school and start college or enter the workplace full-time. Once they do, they may no longer have the time, or the chance to study a second language.”可知，18岁时，孩子们通常高中毕业，开始上大学或全职工作。一旦如此，他们可能不再有时间或机会学习第二语言，即没有好的学习环境。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第4段“Once they do, they may no longer have the time, or the chance to study a second language. Or it is possible that after one learns a first language, its rules interfere with the ability to learn a second language.”可知，他们可能不再有时间或机会学习第二语言，或者在学习第一语言后，其规则会影响学习第二语言的能力。此处体现规则的负面作用，结合选项可知，“interfere with”意为“阻碍某事成功”。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。全文围绕波士顿大学的研究发现展开，介绍了语言学习关键期的年龄和相关因素，目的是向读者传递这一研究发现。因此，作者写作目的是“告诉读者一项研究发现”。故选A。 Passage11 There are different ways for us to learn new things every day. Knowing these ways can help students study better. Let’s explore some common types of learning. First, visual (视觉) learning means learning through seeing. Some students remember facts more easily with pictures, charts (表格), or short videos. For example, when they learn about animals, looking at colourful pictures of them can help these students keep information in mind. They may also draw simple pictures in their notebooks to remember key points. Second, auditory (听觉) learning is all about learning through hearing. These students enjoy listening to teachers’ talks, educational podcasts (教育播客), or even songs about lessons. They often repeat sentences aloud to memorize words or concepts. Hearing sounds helps them remember things fast. Third, kinesthetic (动觉) learning involves moving and doing. These learners need to use their hands to learn well. In science class, they love doing small experiments. They may also build models for maths or history lessons, as acting and touching make learning real for them. Fourth, reading and writing learning works best with books, notes, or lists. These students like reading short stories or textbooks carefully. They also write down important ideas many times, as writing helps them understand and remember what they learn. These are some common types of learning. Which is your favourite learning type? Try to find it to make your study easy! 1．What does the underlined word “them” refer to (指代)? A．Animals. B．Charts. C．Concepts. D．Experiments. 2．If Lily always writes down physics concepts to remember them, which learning type does she use? A．Visual learning. B．Auditory learning. C．Kinesthetic learning. D．Reading and writing learning. 3． What’s the structure of the text (文章结构)? (P1= Paragraph 1…) A．B．C． D． 4．What is the writer trying to do in the text? A．Ask us to learn new things every day. B．Encourage us to use visual learning. C．Show us some students’ favourite types of learning. D．Introduce some ways of learning to us. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四种常见的学习方式：视觉学习、听觉学习、动觉学习以及读写学习，并鼓励读者找到适合自己的学习方式。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“For example, when they learn about animals, looking at colourful pictures of them can help these students keep information in mind.”可知，当他们学习关于动物的知识时，看这些动物的彩色图片可以帮助这些学生记住信息，因此“them”指代的是“animals”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Fourth, reading and writing learning works best with books, notes, or lists. These students like reading short stories or textbooks carefully. They also write down important ideas many times, as writing helps them understand and remember what they learn.”可知，读写学习最适合用书本、笔记或列表，这些学生喜欢仔细阅读短篇故事或教科书，他们也会多次写下重要的想法，因为写作帮助他们理解和记住所学的内容，因此如果Lily总是写下物理概念来记住它们，她使用的是读写学习。故选D。 3．篇章结构题。文章第一段总述有不同学习方式，中间四段分别介绍四种学习方式，最后一段总结并鼓励读者找到适合自己的学习方式，因此文章结构为总分总结构。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“There are different ways for us to learn new things every day. Knowing these ways can help students study better. Let’s explore some common types of learning.”可知，作者试图在文章中向我们介绍一些学习方式。故选D。 Passage12 Chen Lirong is a woman farmer. She was born in the 1990s in Maoming, Guangdong Province. She only has a middle school education.   However, she has been learning English for four years while working. She shares her English learning experiences on Douyin and even sells Maoming’s farm products in “Cantonese-style (广式) English”, getting a lot of support and likes from people.   At the age of 18, Chen left home to work in big cities. However, every year during the busy season, she would come home to help with the lychee harvest (荔枝收成). This year, while picking lychees, Chen suddenly had the idea of making short English videos to introduce the lychees. Now she has her own business (生意) in her hometown.   When asked about the secret to learning English, Chen’s answer is “interest” and “being persistent”. She got into the habit of practicing listening, speaking, memorizing words, and writing sentences every day. “If you insist (坚持) on it for years, you can have a result,” said Chen. 1．What did Chen do during the busy season? A．She learned to make short videos. B．She visited her middle school. C．She helped her family do farm work. D．She went on a trip to the countryside. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．The farm work of picking lychees. B．The habit of learning English. C．The way of making English short videos. D．The interest of selling lychees. 3．What is the secret to learning English according to Chen Lirong? A．Talent and being smart. B．Persistence and interest. C．Expensive courses and tutors. D．Luck and chance. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Sharing Maoming’s food B．Teaching Cantonese-style English C．“90s” farmer Chen Lirong D．A wonderful English learner 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了广东茂名的农民陈丽容学习英语、用“广式英语”推广家乡农产品的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“every year during the busy season, she would come home to help with the lychee harvest”可知，陈丽容在旺季会帮家里做农活。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“She got into the habit of practicing listening, speaking, memorizing words, and writing sentences every day. ‘If you insist on it for years, you can have a result,’ said Chen.”可知，it指的是学习英语的习惯。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“When asked about the secret to learning English, Chen’s answer is ‘interest’ and ‘being persistent’”可知，陈丽容认为学习英语的秘诀是兴趣和坚持。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。文章主要围绕“90后”农民陈丽容的英语学习和创业故事展开，所以最佳标题是 “‘90 后’农民陈丽容”。故选C。 Passage13 Researchers found how parents’ communication styles help their young children to develop language skills. Daniel Yurovsky, professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University and his team developed a method to experimentally evaluate (评估) how parents use what they know about their children’s language when they talk to them. They found that parents have exact models of their children’s language knowledge, and use these models to tune (调整) the language they use when speaking to them. “We have known for years that parents talk to children more differently than to other adults in a lot of ways. For example, simplifying their speech, repeating words and stretching out vowel sounds.” said Yurovsky. “That helps young kids get a toehold into language, but that parents change the way they talk as children are learning language, gives children language input that is ‘just right’ for learning the next thing.” Yurovsky and his team continued to study to understand exactly how parents tune their interactions to match their child’s speech development. The team developed a game where parents helped their children to pick a specific animal from a set of three. Half of the animals in the matching game were animals that children typically learn before age 2, like cat and cow. And the other half were animals that are typically learned later such as peacock and leopard. The researchers asked 41 child-adult pairs to play the game. They measured the differences in how parents talked about animals they thought their children knew and those they thought their children did not know. They found parents had an unbelievably exact knowledge of their child’s language because they watched them grow and learn. These results showed that parents leveraged (利用) their knowledge of their children’s language development to fine-tune the information they provided. “We found that parents not only used what they already knew about their children’s language knowledge before the study, but also that if they found out they were wrong—their child didn’t actually know ‘leopard’, for example, they changed the way they talked about that animal the next time around.” said Yurovsky. “Right now we train language models by giving them all of the language data we can get our hands on all at once. But we might do better if we could give them the right data at the right time, keeping it at just the right level that they are ready for.” Yurovsky added. 1．Why do parents talk to children differently than to other adults? A．To call for their kids’ attention. B．To make their talks understood. C．To reduce kids’ fear to face difficulties. D．To help develop their kids’ languages. 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The ways parents tune to match their child’s speech. B．The game that helps children to pick a specific animal. C．The experiment to find out how parents love their children. D．The methods children and parents use to talk with each other. 3．According to the writer, language trainers or teachers should ________. A．explain the word “leopard” in another way B．leverage children’s knowledge to fit theirs C．offer language information when it’s proper D．have lots of children’s language knowledge 4．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A．How Young Children Start to Learn Skills from Their Parents. B．How Parents’ Ways of Talking Benefit Kids’ Language Skills. C．Why Communication Styles Help Develop Children’s Learning. D．Why Educated Parents Have Knowledge of Their Kids’ Language. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了父母如何通过调整自己的交流方式来帮助孩子发展语言技能。 1．细节理解题。根据“Researchers found how parents’ communication styles help their young children to develop language skills.”和“That helps young kids get a toehold into language”可知，父母与孩子交流方式不同的目的是帮助孩子发展语言能力。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据“Yurovsky and his team continued to study to understand exactly how parents tune their interactions to match their child’s speech development.”可知，本段主要讲述父母如何调整交流方式以匹配孩子的语言发展。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“But we might do better if we could give them the right data at the right time, keeping it at just the right level that they are ready for.”可知，语言培训者或教师应在适当的时候提供语言信息。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。全文围绕父母如何通过调整交流方式帮助孩子发展语言技能展开，因此最佳标题应体现这一主题。选项B“How Parent’s Ways of Talking Benefit Kids’ Language Skills”最符合文章主旨。故选B。 Passage14 If you want to become a fluent (流利的) English speaker, you should take some advice: There are four skills in learning English. They are reading, listening, speaking, and writing. The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills, you should first master the skills of reading and listening. Read as much as you can. But your reading must be active. It means that you must think about the meaning of the sentence, the meanings of the unfamiliar (不熟悉的) words, etc. There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammar or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you come across, but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them, for example, in other passages or books, is enough. It would be better to prepare a notebook so you can write down the important words or sentences in it. As for listening, there are two choices: besides reading, you can listen every day for about 30 minutes. You can only pay attention to your reading and become skillful at your reading, then you can catch up on your listening. Since you have lots of inputs in your mind, you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say. This never means that you should not practice listening. For listening, you can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially made for English learners. Or if you are good at listening, you can listen to VOA or BBC programs every day. Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and taking some notes. If you follow these pieces of advice, your speaking and writing will improve automatically (自动地), and you can be sure that with a little effort, they will become perfect. 1．According to the author, which should you improve first among the four skills? A．Reading and writing. B．Reading and listening. C．Writing and speaking. D．Speaking and listening. 2．The underlined phrase “come across” in Paragraph 2 can probably be replaced by “________”. A．meet by chance B．discover C．find on purpose D．look for 3．The author seems to agree with the view that ________. A．everyone should listen to VOA or BBC programs every day B．you needn’t practice listening if you keep on reading every day C．being good at reading is helpful in improving your listening D．you should take notes of whatever you are hearing 4．The passage is mainly about how to ________. A．choose suitable listening materials B．deal with new words in reading C．read as many English books as possible D．become fluent in speaking and writing English 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章针对如何成为流利的英语使用者给出建议，指出英语学习包含读、听、说、写四项技能，强调若想提升说和写的能力，需先掌握读和听的技能，并分别介绍了有效阅读和听力练习的方法，最后说明遵循这些建议能自动提升说和写的能力。 1．细节理解题。根据“The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills, you should first master the skills of reading and listening.”可知，作者认为在四项技能中，应先提升阅读和听力技能，故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammar or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you come across”可知，“come across”在此处指阅读时“偶然遇到”不熟悉的单词，与“meet by chance”含义相近，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“You can only pay attention to your reading and become skillful at your reading, then you can catch up on your listening. Since you have lots of inputs in your mind, you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say.”可知，作者认为擅长阅读有助于提升听力，C选项表述正确，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“If you want to become a fluent English speaker, you should take some advice... The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills, you should first master the skills of reading and listening.”以及后文对阅读和听力方法的介绍，可知文章主要围绕“如何提升英语说和写的能力，成为流利的英语使用者”展开，D选项符合主旨，故选D。 Passage15 Several schools are trying to stop students from using slang (俚语). But is it worth it? The Harris Academy in Upper Norwood (London) is one school that’s taking action. Students there aren’t allowed to use words such as coz (because), ain’t (isn’t/aren’t, etc.) and yeah (yes) when they’re speaking. A letter has been sent to parents explaining the decision, according to an article in the Daily Mail. But why? “The big problem is that many of these words are appearing in written work,” explained Mr. Hank, an English teacher. “This puts many children at a disadvantage. We do want them to be able to communicate properly with people and be understood. We are going to teach them the rules. If they decide not to use these rules with friends, that is fine. But I want them to know that when writing and speaking in a formal (正式的) situation, they should use Standard English.” So, what’s causing the problem? Firstly, slang is just about everywhere these days: in TV soaps, reality shows, songs and films. Secondly, with more and more people using it in conversations with friends and workmates, it’s becoming more acceptable. Also, the increase in the use of mobile phones and social networking sites is having an influence—while texting, people often use abbreviations or phonetic forms of words, such as wot (what), dat (that), dis (this), n (and), w (with), gonna (going to) and wanna (want to). However, many people think that the effort to control languages doesn’t make sense. “The very nature of English is its flexibility (灵活性),” said a Jamaican poet in a recent interview. “You can’t control the type of language that people use,” he added. “The reason why English is such a popular language is because it develops well to fit the way it is being used,” a language expert explained. Is the “war” on slang worth fighting? 1．How does the writer show that slang is not allowed in some schools? A．By telling a story. B．By using a saying. C．By giving an example. D．By describing a picture. 2．How many reasons for people to use slang are mentioned? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．What can we infer from the Jamaican poet’s words in Paragraph 5? A．Any language has its own rules. B．English is the most popular language. C．It’s acceptable for people to use slang. D．The effort to control slang is really meaningful. 4．Which is the best title for this passage? A．Slang matters, doesn’t it? B．Is slang learning necessary at school? C．How to teach slang at school? D．Slang or not slang at school? 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要围绕“学校是否应禁止学生使用俚语”展开讨论。 1．推理判断题。根据“The Harris Academy in Upper Norwood...according to an article in the Daily Mail.”可知，作者通过具体案例（伦敦某校禁止俚语并通知家长）说明这一现象。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Firstly, ...Secondly, ...Also, ...”可知，提到了人们使用俚语的三个原因。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据诗人观点“The very nature of English is its flexibility”和“You can’t control the type of language that people use”可知，他认为俚语的使用是语言灵活性的体现，无法控制人们使用的语言类型。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。根据文章开头“Several schools are trying to stop from students using slang. But is it worth it?”和最后“Is the ‘war’ on slang worth fighting?”以及全文可知，本文主要讨论了学校是否应禁止学生使用俚语这一话题。故选D。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Learning （话题阅读精练） 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了联合国教科文组织每年2月21日举办国际母语日，旨在防止世界语言消失。 实战演练 Passage1 完形填空 说明文 介绍了培养良好英语阅读习惯的四条建议，帮助人们更好地学习英语。 Passage2 完形填空 记叙文 文章介绍了18岁的英国女孩黛西·拉芬创建了一个在线学习网站，向全球人们教授中文的故事。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 主要介绍了“give me five”的含义、流行地区、使用场景及起源，还建议人们在开心时用它互动。             Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了肢体语言的作用，以及它在不同文化中的共性与差异，旨在帮助人们理解跨文化交流中肢体语言的重要性。 Passage5 阅读理解 记叙文 文章主要讲述了一位英国人最初因认为汉语难学且在上海可用英语交流而没学中文，一年后受其他侨民鼓舞开始学习，并克服听力等困难取得进步的故事。 Passage6 阅读理解 说明文 主要介绍费曼学习法。 Passage7 阅读理解 说明文 主要介绍了学习外语的四个建议：投入时间、每天听读、关注词汇短语、放松享受过程。 Passage8 阅读理解 说明文 主要讲了大脑对氧气的需求，并给出了“告诉他人、学习后入睡、拆分信息、放松心态、联想画面”等提高记忆力的具体方法。 Passage9 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了如何使课堂笔记更有效的方法。 Passage10 阅读理解 说明文 主要介绍了波士顿大学的研究人员关于语言学习关键期的研究发现，指出儿童学习第二语言的最佳年龄以及影响语言学习能力的因素。 Passage11 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了四种常见的学习方式：视觉学习、听觉学习、动觉学习以及读写学习，并鼓励读者找到适合自己的学习方式。 Passage12 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了广东茂名的农民陈丽容学习英语、用“广式英语”推广家乡农产品的故事。 Passage13 阅读理解 说明文 主要讲述了父母如何通过调整自己的交流方式来帮助孩子发展语言技能。 Passage14 阅读理解 说明文 文章针对如何成为流利的英语使用者给出建议，指出英语学习包含读、听、说、写四项技能 Passage15 阅读理解 议论文 主要围绕“学校是否应禁止学生使用俚语”展开讨论。 时文阅读 Passage1 Each year on Feb 21, UNESCO ( 联合国教科文组织) holds an International Mother Language Day (IMLD, 国际母语日 ) to help prevent the disappearance (消失) of the world’s languages; many of them are disappearing each year. UNESCO sees this as a terrible fact. What happens when a language dies out? Something great is lost—not just sounds and signs but the way that people understand the world and communicate with each other. We keep different cultures and traditions through languages. Kill a language and all these are killed too. Through IMLD, more and more people come to realize the terrible situation and try to stop it. Google’s 2018 Endangered (濒临灭绝的) Languages Project is a good example. Many speakers and protectors of endangered languages upload (上传) texts, audios, and videos to the project website. They want to introduce the way that people communicate and express themselves around the world. The Myaamia Project is the same kind of project to revive the language spoken by the Miami tribes (部落) of the United States. Project members work to support people in studying and communicating with this language, which died out in the 1960s. These activities give life to those endangered languages. People who work to keep languages alive are not limited to the past. Many young people design apps and use social media to support their activities. They use words to save the world. So, while the problem of disappearing languages is still a very serious one, there is hope. We all have a special feeling for our mother language. This is why we should remember the wise words of the late president of South Africa, Nelson Mandela, “If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to a man in his own language, that goes to his heart.” 1．What did people do in Google’s 2018 Endangered Languages Project? A．Discuss how to make good use of Google. B．Offer online courses on endangered languages. C．Share things about endangered languages online. D．Translate endangered languages into mother languages. 2．What does the underlined word “revive” mean in Paragraph ( 段落) 5? A．to cause something B．to learn something C．to bring something back to life D．to take away something 3．What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 6? A．It is more difficult to protect endangered languages. B．The disappearance of languages has already stopped. C．Young people don’t care about endangered languages. D．Young people have new ways to protect languages. 4．The writer mentions Nelson Mandela’s words in order to ________. A．tell the importance of one’s mother language B．show his actions to protect languages C．tell the trouble in learning endangered languages D．show that it is possible to protect mother languages 实战演练 Passage1 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Reading is a great way to improve your English. Do you want to have a good reading habit? Here is some useful 1 for you. It can help you enjoy reading and learn English better. First, choose the right books. You can pick storybooks or magazines that are 2 for your English level. Don’t choose books that are too hard. You will feel 3 if you can’t understand most of the words. Second, read for 15 to 20 minutes every day. It’s a short time, but it’s very 4 . You can read before breakfast or after dinner. Try to do it at the same time every day, and it will be a good 5 . Third, take some notes when you read. You can write down new words and their 6 in a notebook. It can help you 7 the words well. You can also draw mind maps to remember the main ideas of the story. Fourth, share your reading with your friends. When you finish a book, you can 8 it with your classmates. You can talk about your favorite characters or the most interesting parts. It will make reading more 9 . If you follow these tips, you will find that reading is not boring at all. It will become your good friend and help you 10 your English a lot. 1．A．money B．advice C．activity D．problem 2．A．fit B．famous C．ready D．sorry 3．A．happy B．excited C．tired D．relaxed 4．A．useless B．helpful C．expensive D．different 5．A．habit B．dream C．lesson D．plan 6．A．prices B．meanings C．numbers D．colors 7．A．lose B．leave C．remember D．forget 8．A．try B．share C．buy D．sell 9．A．boring B．terrible C．interesting D．difficult 10．A．improve B．change C．choose D．describe Passage2 Learning Chinese may seem difficult for foreigners outside China. However, Daisy Raffan, an 18-year-old girl in Britain, hopes to bring the 1 to the young people. Daisy has 2 an online learning website to teach the language to people all over the world. With China’s 3 development in the world, Daisy thinks it is important for people to learn the language. Daisy 4 learning Putonghua at the age of five. Two years ago, after she decided to help with the 5 of Putonghua, she came up with the idea for the website, kidschineseclub.com. She said, “People are afraid to learn Putonghua. One of the main 6 is that they think it’s an impossible language to learn, but I have fun doing it.” Her website offers videos of Daisy to 7 a group of students about Chinese culture. Daisy’s website 8 the support (支持) of several important persons—Gordon Brown, the British Prime Minister (首相). She said, “I wrote to him and told him what I was doing and got a 9 back. He said that it was a really good idea. I thought it was amazing. I was 10 that someone so important was supporting what we’re doing. “ 1．A．novel B．ability C．language D．business 2．A．stayed up B．shown up C．set up D．given up 3．A．fast B．patient C．harmful D．perfect 4．A．stopped B．started C．remembered D．forgot 5．A．flag B．reason C．passage D．spread 6．A．notes B．partners C．reasons D．memories 7．A．teach B．scan C．suffer D．see 8．A．won B．suited C．served D．lost 9．A．textbook B．toy C．report D．letter 10．A．sad B．excited C．angry D．safe Passage3 If someone says “give me five” to you, don’t hurry to look for five yuan in your bag. He isn’t asking for your money at all—what he really wants is your hand! In America, “give me five” and “give me the high five” are very popular. You can often see people do this action in videos and on TV. It’s an easy and fun gesture: two people clap their right hands together. Sometimes they even put their hands a little high when they clap—that’s why it’s also called “high five”! People usually do “give me five” when good or lucky things happen to them. For example, after a football game, if a team wins, the players will run to each other and give one another five. They use this gesture to show their happiness and excitement about the win. Do you know where “give me five” comes from? It has a long history—it comes from an old Roman gesture. A long time ago in Rome, when people went to meet the emperor, they would raise their right hands. They did this to let the emperor see clearly that there was nothing in their hands. In this way, the emperor could meet them safely, without worrying that they might have dangerous things. Well, now you know all about “give me five.” What are you waiting for? Next time you have a happy moment with your friends—like when you both get good grades or win a small game—try doing “give me five” with them. It will make your happy time even more fun! 1．What does someone really want when he says “give me five” to you? A．Five yuan. B．Your hand. C．A gift. D．A book. 2．Where is “give me five” very popular according to the text? A．In China. B．In Australia. C．In Japan. D．In America. 3．When do people usually do “give me five”? A．When they feel sad. B．When good things happen. C．When they are hungry. D．When they need help. 4．What did old Roman people do when they met the emperor? A．They gave the emperor five yuan. B．They clapped their hands with the emperor. C．They raised their right hands. D．They bowed to the emperor. Passage4 ①Have you ever watched a silent film and tried to guess what the characters were saying? Body language, like facial expressions, is the mirror of a person’s feelings. It helps us communicate without saying much at all. ②Sometimes we can share the common sense from culture to culture. Turning red-faced shows one’s anger, shock or excitement. The wide eyes with a half-opened mouth mean surprise. Also, some other body movements can express the same meanings in different cultures. For example, being back in one’s seat and yawning at a talk show people are not interested, and looking at the watch from time to time in a conversation means people have something to do in a hurry. ③However, not all body language can show the same meanings in different cultures. What holds true for Indians may not be the same in Africa. First of all, in some cultures, people respect and encourage the direct eye contact. In English, there is a saying, “Don’t trust anyone who won’t look you in the eye.” In many countries, direct eye contact between two people is considered important. According to most Western cultures, if a person looks directly at you, it is a sign that the person is honest and sincere and even can be trusted. While many cultures believe that direct eye contact from a child to an adult is an act of respect. ④The OK sign, which is commonly used in many cultures, also has different meanings across the cultures. It means agreement in North American culture. But to French, it means “zero” or “valueless”, not “fine” or “OK”. Touching is another example. At times, saying hello could turn into a disaster if one does not consider the use of touch in another culture. A general and accepted way of saying “Hello” in Western culture is a simple handshake. A great deal of importance has been placed on how one should shake hands. ⑤So, the next time you decide to travel to another country, besides looking up places to visit, a quick search or a book can guide you on how to use proper body language to better communicate with the local people, and avoid being impolite to them during your stay! 1．What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．A silent film. B．The mirror. C．Body language. D．A person’s feeling. 2．According to the passage, which one has the similar meaning from culture to culture? A．Turning red-faced. B．Direct eye contact. C．The OK sign. D．A simple handshake. 3．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Body language is more important B．Body language helps you go travelling C．Body language changes among cultures D．Body language influences communication Passage5 Before arriving in China, I had read lots of books about China. Therefore, when I arrived, I was excited to be living in this huge, historically and culturally rich country. It was so greatly different from the UK. The food, the landmarks, the big cities and everyday life—I couldn’t wait to explore. However, learning Chinese hadn’t even entered my mind, not because I was lazy, but because I had no confidence to learn the most difficult language in the world. Besides this, once I moved to China, I lived in Shanghai. It is an international city, with many people speaking English as a second language. So I thought English would be enough. But after a year in China, I found many expats (侨民) spoke Chinese. Perhaps it was achievable (可达到的) after all, I felt uncomfortable because so many Chinese people could speak English, while I couldn’t even speak the most basic Chinese. To face the challenge, I decided to begin my language journey and my only regret is that I didn’t start earlier. In the two years since starting to learn, I have made great progress. Now, I am able to talk in Chinese on many topics. Learning to speak Chinese isn’t as difficult as I once expected. When I speak to Chinese people in Chinese, they almost always understand me. The most challenging thing is listening since Chinese people talk at such a speed (速度). I can’t always understand what’s been said, but my weekly online language exchanges help with this. Learning Chinese has taken a lot of hard work. But there is still a long way to go before I reach my goal of fluency (流利). Learning Chinese not only helps me in day-to-day life, but deepens (加深) my cultural understanding of such a great country. So, to all my non-Chinese friends I say this, don’t be afraid, face the challenge and be confident. 1．What did the writer do after arriving in China? A．He read a lot of books about China. B．He couldn’t wait to study Chinese. C．He tried to learn more about China. D．He missed his life in his home of the UK. 2．How long has the writer learned Chinese since he came to China? A．For a year. B．For two years. C．For three years. D．For four years. 3．Why does the writer think listening is the most challenging? A．He has a hearing problem. B．Chinese people speak too fast. C．Chinese is the most difficult language. D．He doesn’t know much about many topics. 4．What does the writer want to tell us according to the passage? A．It’s never too late to learn. B．A good beginning makes a good ending. C．Great hopes make a great man. D．Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. Passage6 ①The Feynman Technique was developed by Nobel Prize-winning physicist Richard Feynman. It’s a study method that helps students learn by teaching others. ②The Feynman Technique has been one of the most effective study methods for many years. For one thing, it helps students really understand something instead of just memorizing information. Plus, unlike traditional study methods like rereading textbooks or reviewing notes, it pushes students to take a more active part in the learning process. ③If you want to use the Feynman Technique to study better, follow these steps. ④To begin with, choose a topic you want to learn, including subtopics. If not, you’ll end up jumping between topics without developing a deeper understanding of any of them. ⑤The second step is the heart of the Feynman Technique: make the explanation simple enough to be understood by a sixth-grade student. This requires you to help the child understand by using the simplest and clearest language possible. This step helps divide topics that are difficult to understand into their most basic parts. ⑥Next, review your explanation and try to find any area where you felt that you couldn’t explain the topic in a simple way. When possible, it can be very helpful to get advice from someone whose understanding is similar to that of a sixth-grader. ⑦The fourth step is to improve your explanation, using the information collected from the third step. ⑧Finally, follow the steps over and over again. The Feynman Technique works best with repetition, and that is why going through all the prior (先前的) steps just once is usually not enough to fully understand the topic. ⑨Once you’re confident you’ve learned the topic well, it’s time to give yourself a prize. Perhaps, like me, enjoy a nice cup of coffee. 1．Why is the Feynman Technique better than traditional study methods? A．It saves students’ study time. B．It allows students to study in groups. C．It encourages students to do active learning. D．It helps students memorize more information. 2．Who might you get suggestions from according to the third step? A．Your parents. B．Your teachers. C．An expert in learning. D．A 12-year-old girl. 3．Which of the following is the correct order for the Feynman Technique? a. Pick a topic to learn.     b. Improve the weak areas.     c. Explain it in the simplest words. d. Repeat the steps until you really learn it.    e. Find the “imperfect part” of your explanation. A．acebd B．aebcd C．cbaed D．cebda 4．Which might be the best structure of the passage? A．①②/③④⑤⑥⑦/⑧⑨ B．①②/③④⑤⑥⑦⑧/⑨ C．①②③/④⑤⑥⑦⑧/⑨ D．①/②③/④⑤⑥⑦⑧/⑨ Passage7 Here is some advice to help you become good at a foreign language. Spend the time! The most important factor (要素) is how much time you spend with the language. The more time you spend, the faster you will learn. This means spending time on what you are learning—and enjoying it. Listen and read every day! Listen wherever you are. Read what you are listening to. Listen to and read things that you like, things that you can mostly understand, or even partly understand. If you keep listening and reading, you will get used to the language. Focus on words and phrases! Build up your vocabulary because you’ll need lots of words. Learn these words and phrases through your listening and reading. Read online, use online dictionaries, and make your own vocabulary lists for review, then you will be able to use them. Relax and enjoy yourself! Do you worry about what you can’t remember, or can’t yet understand, or can’t yet say? You are learning and improving. The language will gradually become clearer in your brain, but this will happen at a time that you can’t control. 1．The foreign language learner will get _______ suggestion(s) from the text. A．one B．two C．three D．four 2．According to the text, the most important requirement (需求) of learning a foreign language is ________. A．spending time on it B．listening and reading C．words and phrases D．learning and using 3．What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A．It’s natural to forget the words and phrases. B．You can control when you will get the language. C．There is an easy way to learn a foreign language. D．You will learn and improve the language sooner or later. 4．What is the purpose of writing this passage? A．To help improve vocabulary. B．To introduce a foreign language. C．To tell the ways of learning a foreign language. D．To solve problems about listening and speaking. Passage8 Do you have difficulty remembering things? Do you want to know how to improve your memory? The human brain is very small and light. It is only 2% of our total body weight, but it needs about 20% of the oxygen (氧气) that our bodies take in. We can’t think well if our brains aren’t getting enough oxygen. So we should always make sure there’s enough oxygen in the air when we need to remember something! How can you improve your memory? Here are some suggestions. ●When you want to remember something, tell someone about it. This way the new information becomes easier to remember. Later on, thinking about the conversation will make you think of the thing. ●Our memory works well when we’re asleep. If you want to remember something, try going to sleep right after learning it. ●If you have to remember something big, break it down into small parts. It’s easier to remember 198756430387 if you break it into four small parts:198-756-430-387. ●If you want to remember some information but you can’t, don’t get angry. Just relax and try again later. ●One of the best ways of remembering things is to make “pictures” in your mind. If you want to buy many things including bread, flowers, gloves, a notebook and oil, just make up a story with them: Lisa was hungry and was looking for some BREAD．She opened the fridge, and saw it was full of FLOWERS. She decided to wear her GLOVES and leave the house. But she tripped over (被绊倒) a bottle of OIL and found her important NOTEBOOK under the sofa... Let yourself be surprised by your memory! 1．The writer first talked about the importance of ______ for a good memory. A．a big brain B．strong light C．enough oxygen D．proper body weight 2．Which of the following may help you to remember things according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 3．Why did the writer mention the story about Lisa? A．To show why going shopping is fun. B．To show how important it is to be careful. C．To show how “pictures” help improve memory. D．To show why we should learn to draw pictures. 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．How to improve your sleeping habit. B．How to get more oxygen for your memory. C．How to put on weight. D．How to improve your memory. Passage9 ①Taking notes is a common but useful study skill. But if your notes are messy and unclear, you’re not going to get much use out of them. Now we’ll show you how to make your notes as effective (有效的) as possible. ②First, you should be an active listener. When taking notes, many students write down every word, but they don’t really understand its meaning. This is totally wrong. While you’re in class, the most important thing is to listen carefully and understand what your teacher is saying instead of just writing it down. ③Take down only key words to help you review what you have learned after class. Usually, your writing speed falls far behind of your teacher’s speaking speed. It’s unrealizable for you to write down every word the teacher is saying. Taking down just key words helps you save time and keep up with the teacher. ④What your notes look like is also important. If your notes are messy and difficult to read, you will be less likely to go back to studying them. So make sure your notes are clear and easy to read. Many people like to add some colors to the notes to make the information easier to read. This is because colors make your notes look more interesting and clearer. ⑤Having good class notes will help you to be better prepared for tests. 1．According to the writer, what is the most important thing in class? A．Doing homework carefully. B．Answering questions actively. C．Writing down the teacher’s words. D．Understanding the teacher’s words. 2．Why do many people like to add colors to the notes? A．To make the notes beautiful. B．To improve note-taking skills. C．To develop creativity in note-taking. D．To make the information easy to read. 3．What would be the best structure of the text? A．B． C． D． 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to be an active listener. B．How to review notes effectively. C．How to take effective notes. D．How to develop good study habits. Passage10 The older you get, the more difficult it is to learn a new language. But no one knows exactly what the turning point is—at what age it becomes harder. In one of the largest studies, researchers from Boston-based universities found that children are good at learning a second language up until the age of 18, about 10 years later than earlier thought. But the study also showed that it is best to start by age 10 if you want to get to the level of grammatical fluency (熟练) of someone who grows up speaking the language. To work out this problem, the research team collected information on a person’s age, language level and time studying English. They created a short online test called “Which English” that checked grammar skills like matching subjects with verbs (动词), using the right pronouns (代词), and the right use of prepositions (介词). They wanted to find out when the “critical period” (关键期) of developing the highest levels of grammatical fluency ends. After learning about people’s grammar scores and information about their learning of English, the researchers did some research to find out how long it takes to become fluent in a language and the best age to start learning. They found that the ability to learn a new language, at least grammatically, is strongest until the age of 18. To become completely fluent, however, learning should start before the age of 10. There are three main ideas about why language-learning ability falls at 18—social changes, influence (影响) from one’s mother language and the development of their brains (脑). At 18, kids usually finish high school and start college or enter the workplace full-time. Once they do, they may no longer have the time or the chance to study a second language. Or it is possible that after one learns a first language, its rules interfere with the ability to learn a second language. Finally, changes in the brain that keep happening during the late teens and early 20s may somehow make learning harder. This is not to say that we cannot learn a new language if we are over 20. There are many examples of people who pick up a language later in life. Though the study was carried out only in English, the researchers believe the findings will work on other languages and they are developing some other tests for Spanish and Chinese. 1．In Paragraph 2, “this problem” means ________. A．at what age people can do the test B．how people improve their language abilities C．why people find it hard to learn grammar rules D．in what period people can learn a new language well 2．Why does people’s language-learning ability fall at 18? A．Because they have no good learning environment (环境). B．Because they are busy developing other life abilities. C．Because they needn’t improve the language ability. D．Because they pay more attention to their mother language. 3．What do the underlined words “interfere with” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Make something begin to work. B．Help something to develop. C．Pay no attention to something. D．Stop something from succeeding. 4．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To tell the readers about a finding. B．To help the readers work out problems. C．To start a conversation with the readers. D．To show the writer’s agreement on a study. Passage11 There are different ways for us to learn new things every day. Knowing these ways can help students study better. Let’s explore some common types of learning. First, visual (视觉) learning means learning through seeing. Some students remember facts more easily with pictures, charts (表格), or short videos. For example, when they learn about animals, looking at colourful pictures of them can help these students keep information in mind. They may also draw simple pictures in their notebooks to remember key points. Second, auditory (听觉) learning is all about learning through hearing. These students enjoy listening to teachers’ talks, educational podcasts (教育播客), or even songs about lessons. They often repeat sentences aloud to memorize words or concepts. Hearing sounds helps them remember things fast. Third, kinesthetic (动觉) learning involves moving and doing. These learners need to use their hands to learn well. In science class, they love doing small experiments. They may also build models for maths or history lessons, as acting and touching make learning real for them. Fourth, reading and writing learning works best with books, notes, or lists. These students like reading short stories or textbooks carefully. They also write down important ideas many times, as writing helps them understand and remember what they learn. These are some common types of learning. Which is your favourite learning type? Try to find it to make your study easy! 1．What does the underlined word “them” refer to (指代)? A．Animals. B．Charts. C．Concepts. D．Experiments. 2．If Lily always writes down physics concepts to remember them, which learning type does she use? A．Visual learning. B．Auditory learning. C．Kinesthetic learning. D．Reading and writing learning. 3． What’s the structure of the text (文章结构)? (P1= Paragraph 1…) A．B．C． D． 4．What is the writer trying to do in the text? A．Ask us to learn new things every day. B．Encourage us to use visual learning. C．Show us some students’ favourite types of learning. D．Introduce some ways of learning to us. Passage12 Chen Lirong is a woman farmer. She was born in the 1990s in Maoming, Guangdong Province. She only has a middle school education.   However, she has been learning English for four years while working. She shares her English learning experiences on Douyin and even sells Maoming’s farm products in “Cantonese-style (广式) English”, getting a lot of support and likes from people.   At the age of 18, Chen left home to work in big cities. However, every year during the busy season, she would come home to help with the lychee harvest (荔枝收成). This year, while picking lychees, Chen suddenly had the idea of making short English videos to introduce the lychees. Now she has her own business (生意) in her hometown.   When asked about the secret to learning English, Chen’s answer is “interest” and “being persistent”. She got into the habit of practicing listening, speaking, memorizing words, and writing sentences every day. “If you insist (坚持) on it for years, you can have a result,” said Chen. 1．What did Chen do during the busy season? A．She learned to make short videos. B．She visited her middle school. C．She helped her family do farm work. D．She went on a trip to the countryside. 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．The farm work of picking lychees. B．The habit of learning English. C．The way of making English short videos. D．The interest of selling lychees. 3．What is the secret to learning English according to Chen Lirong? A．Talent and being smart. B．Persistence and interest. C．Expensive courses and tutors. D．Luck and chance. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Sharing Maoming’s food B．Teaching Cantonese-style English C．“90s” farmer Chen Lirong D．A wonderful English learner Passage13 Researchers found how parents’ communication styles help their young children to develop language skills. Daniel Yurovsky, professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University and his team developed a method to experimentally evaluate (评估) how parents use what they know about their children’s language when they talk to them. They found that parents have exact models of their children’s language knowledge, and use these models to tune (调整) the language they use when speaking to them. “We have known for years that parents talk to children more differently than to other adults in a lot of ways. For example, simplifying their speech, repeating words and stretching out vowel sounds.” said Yurovsky. “That helps young kids get a toehold into language, but that parents change the way they talk as children are learning language, gives children language input that is ‘just right’ for learning the next thing.” Yurovsky and his team continued to study to understand exactly how parents tune their interactions to match their child’s speech development. The team developed a game where parents helped their children to pick a specific animal from a set of three. Half of the animals in the matching game were animals that children typically learn before age 2, like cat and cow. And the other half were animals that are typically learned later such as peacock and leopard. The researchers asked 41 child-adult pairs to play the game. They measured the differences in how parents talked about animals they thought their children knew and those they thought their children did not know. They found parents had an unbelievably exact knowledge of their child’s language because they watched them grow and learn. These results showed that parents leveraged (利用) their knowledge of their children’s language development to fine-tune the information they provided. “We found that parents not only used what they already knew about their children’s language knowledge before the study, but also that if they found out they were wrong—their child didn’t actually know ‘leopard’, for example, they changed the way they talked about that animal the next time around.” said Yurovsky. “Right now we train language models by giving them all of the language data we can get our hands on all at once. But we might do better if we could give them the right data at the right time, keeping it at just the right level that they are ready for.” Yurovsky added. 1．Why do parents talk to children differently than to other adults? A．To call for their kids’ attention. B．To make their talks understood. C．To reduce kids’ fear to face difficulties. D．To help develop their kids’ languages. 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The ways parents tune to match their child’s speech. B．The game that helps children to pick a specific animal. C．The experiment to find out how parents love their children. D．The methods children and parents use to talk with each other. 3．According to the writer, language trainers or teachers should ________. A．explain the word “leopard” in another way B．leverage children’s knowledge to fit theirs C．offer language information when it’s proper D．have lots of children’s language knowledge 4．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A．How Young Children Start to Learn Skills from Their Parents. B．How Parents’ Ways of Talking Benefit Kids’ Language Skills. C．Why Communication Styles Help Develop Children’s Learning. D．Why Educated Parents Have Knowledge of Their Kids’ Language. Passage14 If you want to become a fluent (流利的) English speaker, you should take some advice: There are four skills in learning English. They are reading, listening, speaking, and writing. The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills, you should first master the skills of reading and listening. Read as much as you can. But your reading must be active. It means that you must think about the meaning of the sentence, the meanings of the unfamiliar (不熟悉的) words, etc. There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammar or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you come across, but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them, for example, in other passages or books, is enough. It would be better to prepare a notebook so you can write down the important words or sentences in it. As for listening, there are two choices: besides reading, you can listen every day for about 30 minutes. You can only pay attention to your reading and become skillful at your reading, then you can catch up on your listening. Since you have lots of inputs in your mind, you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say. This never means that you should not practice listening. For listening, you can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially made for English learners. Or if you are good at listening, you can listen to VOA or BBC programs every day. Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and taking some notes. If you follow these pieces of advice, your speaking and writing will improve automatically (自动地), and you can be sure that with a little effort, they will become perfect. 1．According to the author, which should you improve first among the four skills? A．Reading and writing. B．Reading and listening. C．Writing and speaking. D．Speaking and listening. 2．The underlined phrase “come across” in Paragraph 2 can probably be replaced by “________”. A．meet by chance B．discover C．find on purpose D．look for 3．The author seems to agree with the view that ________. A．everyone should listen to VOA or BBC programs every day B．you needn’t practice listening if you keep on reading every day C．being good at reading is helpful in improving your listening D．you should take notes of whatever you are hearing 4．The passage is mainly about how to ________. A．choose suitable listening materials B．deal with new words in reading C．read as many English books as possible D．become fluent in speaking and writing English Passage15 Several schools are trying to stop students from using slang (俚语). But is it worth it? The Harris Academy in Upper Norwood (London) is one school that’s taking action. Students there aren’t allowed to use words such as coz (because), ain’t (isn’t/aren’t, etc.) and yeah (yes) when they’re speaking. A letter has been sent to parents explaining the decision, according to an article in the Daily Mail. But why? “The big problem is that many of these words are appearing in written work,” explained Mr. Hank, an English teacher. “This puts many children at a disadvantage. We do want them to be able to communicate properly with people and be understood. We are going to teach them the rules. If they decide not to use these rules with friends, that is fine. But I want them to know that when writing and speaking in a formal (正式的) situation, they should use Standard English.” So, what’s causing the problem? Firstly, slang is just about everywhere these days: in TV soaps, reality shows, songs and films. Secondly, with more and more people using it in conversations with friends and workmates, it’s becoming more acceptable. Also, the increase in the use of mobile phones and social networking sites is having an influence—while texting, people often use abbreviations or phonetic forms of words, such as wot (what), dat (that), dis (this), n (and), w (with), gonna (going to) and wanna (want to). However, many people think that the effort to control languages doesn’t make sense. “The very nature of English is its flexibility (灵活性),” said a Jamaican poet in a recent interview. “You can’t control the type of language that people use,” he added. “The reason why English is such a popular language is because it develops well to fit the way it is being used,” a language expert explained. Is the “war” on slang worth fighting? 1．How does the writer show that slang is not allowed in some schools? A．By telling a story. B．By using a saying. C．By giving an example. D．By describing a picture. 2．How many reasons for people to use slang are mentioned? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．What can we infer from the Jamaican poet’s words in Paragraph 5? A．Any language has its own rules. B．English is the most popular language. C．It’s acceptable for people to use slang. D．The effort to control slang is really meaningful. 4．Which is the best title for this passage? A．Slang matters, doesn’t it? B．Is slang learning necessary at school? C．How to teach slang at school? D．Slang or not slang at school? 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $