Unit 6 Learning 动词ing形式和状语从句（单元核心语法精练）英语新教材北师大版八年级下册

Unit 6 Learning 核心语法精练（ 动词ing形式和状语从句） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单项选择 4 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 题型一 语法填空 9 题型二 阅读理解 11 状语从句讲解 分类 从句引导词 用法 时间 状从 when 当...时 ①既指时间点，也可指时间段；后可接终止性动词， 也可接延续性动词 ②从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先 后发生 ③when 后一般接过去式：When the teacher came in, we were talking. ④表“突然”：I was having my dinner when there was a sudden knock at the door. while 当...时 ①后接延续性动词 ②从句的动作和主句的动作是同时发生 ③while 后一般接进行时：While we were talking, the teacher came in. ④表“然而 ” ：Mother was cooking ,while father was watching TV . since 自从... since 引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 I have worked in this hospital since I came to Beijing. until/till 直到 主句的谓语动词是延续性动词 I’ll wait for you till you come back. not...until 直到...才 主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词 （有时用 never,nothing 等替代 not 表否定） I didn’t go to bed until I finished my work. as soon as 一...就 I’ll call you as soon as I get to school. before/after 在...之前/后 ① You should wash your hands before eating. ② I always feel relaxed after reading a book. 条件 状从 if 如果 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic. as long as 只要 You'll succeed as long as you work hard. unless 除非 She will keep on singing unless she is told to stop. 原因 状从 because 因为（不与 so 连用） I can't do it now because I am busy. since 既然 Since everyone is here,let’s begin our meeting. as 由于 As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi. 目的 状从 so that in order that 为了 I get up early so that I can catch the bus. 结果 状从 so...that 如此... 以至于 It’s so cold that nobody wants to go out. 让步 状从 though although 虽然（不与 but 连用） They are generous although they are poor. even if 即使 Even though he was late, he was not criticized by the teacher. whatever wherever whenever 无论什么 无论哪里 无论何时 ① Whatever you choose, I will support you. ② Wherever you go, don’t forget to call me. ③ Whenever you need help, just tell me. 比较 状从 than 比... She speaks more English than she did last term. as...as 和...一样 He knows as much about America as we do. not as/so...as 不如... The task is not so easy as it sounds. 动词ing形式 构成 动词原形+-ing 常跟动名 词的词 完成练习喜欢忙， 花费困难不介意， 玩的开心仍期待。 完成(finish)练习(practice)之后都喜欢(enjoy)去忙 (be busy) 喜欢 的事情 ，虽然喜欢 的事要花费(spend) 时间 ，而且有困难(have difficulty / trouble / problems ) ，但是我 不介意 (mind) ，因为我每次都玩得很开心(have fun) ， 所以仍然很期待(look forward to) 。 此 to 非彼 to look forward to doing be used to doing prefer doing to doing I am looking forward to hearing from you. She is used to getting up early. I prefer swimming to dancing. 特殊情况 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. would rather do sth. than do sth. I prefer to learn English rather than play tennis. need/require/want+doing= need/require/want to be done The car needs cleaning. = The car needs to be cleaned. 动词后接 不定式和 动名词的 区别 stop to do 停下来去做某事 stop doing 停止做某事 Why not stop to have a rest? Stop talking,please. remember to do 记得要去做某事 remember doing 记得做过某事 Please remember to turn off the light. I remember posting your letter. forget to do 忘记要去做某事 forget doing 忘记做过某事 I forgot to bring my homework. I forgot bringing my homework. try to do 努力去做某事 try doing 尝试做某事 Please try to do better next time. He tries speaking English to us. go on to do 继续做另一件事 go on doing 继续做同一件事 Go on to do the other exercises after finishing this one. Go on doing the exercises after a short rest. regret to do 对要做的事感到遗憾 （未做） regret doing 对做过的事感到后悔 （已做） I regret to do this,but I have no choice. I don’t regret telling her what I thought. mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味着做某事 I meant to go ,but my father would not allow me to. Doing that means wasting time. allow sb. to do 允许某人做某事allow doing 允许做某事 We don’t allow students to go out on weekdays. We don’t allow smoking here. 动名词做 主语 动名词做主语一般看做单数 Eating apples is good for our health. 一、单项选择 1．The clever boy called 120 ________ his mother fell down in the kitchen. A．unless B．as soon as C．so that 2．________ the temperature rises, ice turns into water gradually. A．But B．Or C．As D．So 3．If it ________ tomorrow, we will go hiking. A．doesn’t rain B．didn’t rain C．won’t rain D．isn’t raining 4．I like playing the guitar. I can practise it ________ I have free time on weekends. A．as soon as B．as long as C．as far as 5．—Mum, can I play badminton with Jim now? —________ you finish your homework, you can have fun with him. Study comes first. A．Till B．Before C．Once D．While 6．I still keep taking exercise every day ________ I am busy with so many subjects. A．until B．unless C．though D．because 7．________ we faced many difficulties, we won the game finally. A．But B．Because C．Although D．So 8．Although he is young, ________ he knows a lot about history. A．but B．so C．and D．/ 9．_________ it is getting colder and colder in winter, it’s difficult for me to get up early. A．If B．Even if C．As D．As if 10．We should take action to protect wild animals ________ they are in great danger. A．although B．unless C．until D．because 11．We need more soft chairs ________ the guests can sit comfortably. A．because B．if C．so that 12．This storybook is ________ interesting that many students in our class want to read it. A．very B．too C．so D．such 13．—Do you like pandas or koalas? —Well, I like both of them. I think koalas are as ________ as pandas. A．lovely B．more lovely C．most lovely D．the most lovely 14．—Could you please tell me if I must do ________ the teachers tell me? —Of course you must. A．when B．as C．like 15．________ more English texts ________ good for you. A．Read; are B．Read; is C．Reading; is D．Reading; are 16．We all enjoy ________ funny movies together on holidays. A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watches 17．When I was a little girl, my hobby was ________ the pictures of some famous film stars. A．collect B．to collect C．collecting D．collected 18．My teacher says it can improve my ________ skills. A．speak B．speaking C．spoken 19．The fridge doesn’t work. Why not consider ________ a new one. A．to buy B．bought C．buying 20．He is interested in ________ English songs. A．sing B．singing C．sings D．sang 二、完成句子 21．一位女士在听音乐时哭了起来。 One woman started to cry she to the music. 22．To make up with your friend, saying sorry first is a good idea. (改为同义句，用if条件句) you want to make up with your friend, you say sorry first. 23．不管你是否喜欢印度食物，你都会在新加坡见到它。 you Indian food, you’ll in Singapore. 24．因为他很专业而且总是鼓励我们。 he is very and always us. 25．他列了一张购物清单，以便不会忘记买什么东西。 He made a shopping list he wouldn’t forget to buy anything. 26．The resolution is so difficult that he can’t keep it. (改为同义句) The resolution is difficult for him keep it. 27．俗话说，“熟能生巧！” , “Practice makes perfect!” 28．消防员冲进火场救人，就像红军当年一样勇敢。 Firefighters rush into burning buildings to save people, are brave as the Red Army once was. 29．上课记笔记是一种好的学习习惯。 in class is a good learning habit. 30．把我们的教室清理干净怎么样？ How about our classroom? 题型一 语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Note-taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork. It can make you 1 (confidence) when you are studying. But most students don’t know 2 to take notes. If your teacher writes notes on the blackboard, that will be great. You can copy them or write down the most important 3 (fact) of all in class. Different teachers do things 4 (different). For example, some teachers may focus on lots of dates and facts in class, but they only write 5 important ones on the blackboard. Other teachers may not write 6 (something) down, but they may repeat them. Don’t try to write down every word in class, because you might miss some important points. Some students really learn better 7 the help of these notes. Feel free 8 (ask) your teacher to repeat what you’ve missed. If your teacher compares your notes with your classmates’, it can be good for 9 (you) learning. It can also help you and your classmates correct some mistakes. Note-taking also needs organization. Keep notes for each subject in one place. Good note-taking takes time. If you decide to recopy your notes every evening, you’ll surely have 10 (little) time to watch TV than before. But you’ll save time in the coming test. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 (必要时可加情态动词或助动词)。 Do you feel tired from studying and homework? There are some easy things you can do 1 (improve) your situation. Manage Your Tasks Many students don’t organize their tasks. They leave homework as the last thing they 2 (consider) each day. This often causes stress. If you spend 30 minutes each day 3 (finish) your assignments, you’ll feel more relaxed. Avoid Last-Minute Studying Most students study late before tests. Try 4 (cut down) on this habit. If you 5 (not have) enough time to study all topics, focus on the most important parts first. You’ll still grasp the key points. Stay Physically Active Sports and exercise 6 (can help) reduce stress. You 7 (will feel) more energetic if you take part in activities like jogging, basketball, or just 8 (go) for a walk in the park. Share Your Feelings with Others Students facing similar pressures 9 (understand) you well. You can lower your stress by 10 (talk) to your friends or classmates about your worries. 题型二 阅读理解 Some students often complain (抱怨) about learning English. The subject, they say, takes up too much of their time. They have to read many passages, look up new words in the dictionary and do lots of exercises. Although they work hard, they still can’t get good scores in tests. “Why?” they ask. “How can I enjoy success?” The story of Chinese astronaut (宇航员) Deng Qingming might help to answer their questions. Deng was chosen as an astronaut trainee (接受培训者) in 1998. Since that day, he has spent almost all of his time training hard to become an astronaut. Over the years, Deng has always seen trainees go into space one after another. However, he was still a backup (后备人员). He often felt sad. Sometimes, he even cried. But Deng never gave up. Although he is now in his fifties, he keeps training hard. “I must be ready whenever the chance comes to me,” he once said. Finally, on the night of November 29, 2022, he and two other astronauts boarded the Shenzhou-15 spaceship and flew into space. Deng had waited about 25 years for this very moment. So, if you want to give up learning English (or something else), think about Deng’s story. Your efforts might not pay off immediately (立即，马上). Be patient. Try to improve your methods and keep going. One day, success will knock at your door. Being different from Deng, you probably won’t even have to wait about 25 years for that moment! 1．Which one is not mentioned about learning English in Paragraph 1? A．Looking up new words in the dictionary. B．Doing lots of English exercises. C．Reading many English passages. D．Writing more short articles. 2．What was Deng Qingming always doing after he was chosen as an astronaut trainee? A．Learning English. B．Flying into space. C．Keeping training hard. D．Seeing others training. 3．How did Deng Qingming feel when he was always a backup? A．Sad. B．Angry. C．Nervous. D．Surprised. 4．How many astronauts boarded the Shenzhou-15 spaceship and flew into space? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 5．What does the writer want to show by telling the story of Deng Qingming? A．Don’t complain when you meet difficulties. B．Don’t give up and keep going, and you will succeed. C．You’ll get good scores in tests if you work hard. D．You’ll have to wait about 25 years if you want to succeed. ①What makes a successful language learner? Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar (相似的) in many ways. ②First of all, successful language learners do not depend on (依赖) the book or the teacher. They find their own ways to learn the language. They never wait for the teacher to tell them, and they try to find their own ways for themselves. ③Next, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language. They look for such a chance. They will try their best to talk with people who speak the language. They are not afraid of making mistakes and try again and again. ④Third, successful learners spend enough time with the language. That is the greatest guarantee (保证) of success. The language will become clearer in your brain (大脑) slowly over a long time. ⑤Finally, successful language learners want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is a need for them to learn the language in order to talk with these people and to learn from them. 1．Successful language learners ________ according to this passage. A．depend on the book B．spend little time with the language C．don’t like making mistakes D．try to find the ways for themselves 2．What is the greatest guarantee of successful language learning? A．The brain. B．A chance. C．Enough time. D．Great interest. 3．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①/②/③④⑤ 4．The passage is about ________ to be a successful language learner. A．ways B．problems C．advantages D．feelings 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Learning 核心语法精练（ 动词ing形式和状语从句） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单项选择 4 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 题型一 语法填空 9 题型二 阅读理解 11 状语从句讲解 分类 从句引导词 用法 时间 状从 when 当...时 ①既指时间点，也可指时间段；后可接终止性动词， 也可接延续性动词 ②从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先 后发生 ③when 后一般接过去式：When the teacher came in, we were talking. ④表“突然”：I was having my dinner when there was a sudden knock at the door. while 当...时 ①后接延续性动词 ②从句的动作和主句的动作是同时发生 ③while 后一般接进行时：While we were talking, the teacher came in. ④表“然而 ” ：Mother was cooking ,while father was watching TV . since 自从... since 引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 I have worked in this hospital since I came to Beijing. until/till 直到 主句的谓语动词是延续性动词 I’ll wait for you till you come back. not...until 直到...才 主句的谓语动词是非延续性动词 （有时用 never,nothing 等替代 not 表否定） I didn’t go to bed until I finished my work. as soon as 一...就 I’ll call you as soon as I get to school. before/after 在...之前/后 ① You should wash your hands before eating. ② I always feel relaxed after reading a book. 条件 状从 if 如果 If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic. as long as 只要 You'll succeed as long as you work hard. unless 除非 She will keep on singing unless she is told to stop. 原因 状从 because 因为（不与 so 连用） I can't do it now because I am busy. since 既然 Since everyone is here,let’s begin our meeting. as 由于 As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi. 目的 状从 so that in order that 为了 I get up early so that I can catch the bus. 结果 状从 so...that 如此... 以至于 It’s so cold that nobody wants to go out. 让步 状从 though although 虽然（不与 but 连用） They are generous although they are poor. even if 即使 Even though he was late, he was not criticized by the teacher. whatever wherever whenever 无论什么 无论哪里 无论何时 ① Whatever you choose, I will support you. ② Wherever you go, don’t forget to call me. ③ Whenever you need help, just tell me. 比较 状从 than 比... She speaks more English than she did last term. as...as 和...一样 He knows as much about America as we do. not as/so...as 不如... The task is not so easy as it sounds. 动词ing形式 构成 动词原形+-ing 常跟动名 词的词 完成练习喜欢忙， 花费困难不介意， 玩的开心仍期待。 完成(finish)练习(practice)之后都喜欢(enjoy)去忙 (be busy) 喜欢 的事情 ，虽然喜欢 的事要花费(spend) 时间 ，而且有困难(have difficulty / trouble / problems ) ，但是我 不介意 (mind) ，因为我每次都玩得很开心(have fun) ， 所以仍然很期待(look forward to) 。 此 to 非彼 to look forward to doing be used to doing prefer doing to doing I am looking forward to hearing from you. She is used to getting up early. I prefer swimming to dancing. 特殊情况 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. would rather do sth. than do sth. I prefer to learn English rather than play tennis. need/require/want+doing= need/require/want to be done The car needs cleaning. = The car needs to be cleaned. 动词后接 不定式和 动名词的 区别 stop to do 停下来去做某事 stop doing 停止做某事 Why not stop to have a rest? Stop talking,please. remember to do 记得要去做某事 remember doing 记得做过某事 Please remember to turn off the light. I remember posting your letter. forget to do 忘记要去做某事 forget doing 忘记做过某事 I forgot to bring my homework. I forgot bringing my homework. try to do 努力去做某事 try doing 尝试做某事 Please try to do better next time. He tries speaking English to us. go on to do 继续做另一件事 go on doing 继续做同一件事 Go on to do the other exercises after finishing this one. Go on doing the exercises after a short rest. regret to do 对要做的事感到遗憾 （未做） regret doing 对做过的事感到后悔 （已做） I regret to do this,but I have no choice. I don’t regret telling her what I thought. mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味着做某事 I meant to go ,but my father would not allow me to. Doing that means wasting time. allow sb. to do 允许某人做某事allow doing 允许做某事 We don’t allow students to go out on weekdays. We don’t allow smoking here. 动名词做 主语 动名词做主语一般看做单数 Eating apples is good for our health. 一、单项选择 1．The clever boy called 120 ________ his mother fell down in the kitchen. A．unless B．as soon as C．so that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他的妈妈一在厨房摔倒，这个聪明的男孩就拨打了120。 考查连词辨析。unless除非，引导条件状语从句；as soon as一……就……，引导时间状语从句；so that以便，引导目的状语从句。根据句意，拨打120的动作紧接在摔倒事件之后，表示时间上的立即性，需用表示时间关系的连词。故选B。 2．________ the temperature rises, ice turns into water gradually. A．But B．Or C．As D．So 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当温度上升时，冰逐渐变成水。 考查连词辨析。But但是，表示转折；Or或者，表示选择；As当……时，表示时间；So所以，表示结果。温度上升是冰融化的时间条件，需用表示时间关系的连词“as”。故选C。 3．If it ________ tomorrow, we will go hiking. A．doesn’t rain B．didn’t rain C．won’t rain D．isn’t raining 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果明天不下雨，我们就去徒步旅行。 考查动词时态。分析句子结构可知，该句为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。从句主语it为第三人称单数，rain为实义动词，变否定句需借助助动词does，后接动词原形rain，即doesn’t rain。故选A。 4．I like playing the guitar. I can practise it ________ I have free time on weekends. A．as soon as B．as long as C．as far as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢弹吉他。只要我周末有空，我就可以练习它。 考查连词短语辨析。as soon as一……就……；as long as只要；as far as就……而言。根据“I like playing the guitar.”可知，只要有空，我就可以练习吉他，空格处需填入表示“条件”的连词，as long as表示条件。故选B。 5．—Mum, can I play badminton with Jim now? —________ you finish your homework, you can have fun with him. Study comes first. A．Till B．Before C．Once D．While 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我现在可以和Jim打羽毛球吗？——一旦你完成作业，就可以和他玩。学习是第一位的。 考查连词辨析。Till直到；Before在……之前；Once一旦；While当……时候。根据“Study comes first.”强调学习优先可知，必须完成作业后才能玩耍，因此需要一个表示条件满足后发生某事的连词。Once引导条件状语从句，表示作业完成后即可玩耍，符合逻辑。故选C。 6．I still keep taking exercise every day ________ I am busy with so many subjects. A．until B．unless C．though D．because 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管我忙于许多科目，但我仍然每天坚持锻炼。 考查连词辨析。until直到；unless除非；though尽管；because因为。根据句意，前句“坚持锻炼”与后句“忙于许多科目”形成让步关系，表示“虽然忙碌但依然坚持”，需用表示让步的连词though。故选C。 7．________ we faced many difficulties, we won the game finally. A．But B．Because C．Although D．So 【答案】C 【详解】句意：尽管我们面临许多困难，我们最终赢得了比赛。 考查连词辨析。But但是；Because因为；Although虽然；So所以。根据句意，前半句“面临许多困难”与后半句“赢得比赛”之间是让步关系，需用表示让步的连词“Although”。故选C。 8．Although he is young, ________ he knows a lot about history. A．but B．so C．and D．/ 【答案】D 【详解】句意：虽然他很年轻，但他懂得很多历史知识。 考查让步状语从句的连词用法。but但是；so所以；and和；/不填。在英语中，although已表示让步关系，意为“虽然”，主句前不能再加but等连词，否则会造成语法错误。本句前半部分有“Although”，主句“he knows a lot about history”前无需任何连词。故选D。 9．_________ it is getting colder and colder in winter, it’s difficult for me to get up early. A．If B．Even if C．As D．As if 【答案】C 【详解】句意：因为冬天变得越来越冷，对我来说早起很困难。 考查连词辨析。If如果；Even if即使；As因为，当……时；As if好像。根据“it is getting colder and colder in winter”和“it’s difficult for me to get up early”可知，前后是因果关系，即因为越来越冷，所以早起很困难。此处用表示原因的连词As。故选C。 10．We should take action to protect wild animals ________ they are in great danger. A．although B．unless C．until D．because 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们应该采取行动保护野生动物，因为它们处于极大的危险之中。 考查连词辨析。although尽管；unless除非；until直到……为止；because因为。根据“We should take action to protect wild animals”以及“they are in great danger”可知，前后句之间是因果关系，后句是原因，所以此处应该用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。 11．We need more soft chairs ________ the guests can sit comfortably. A．because B．if C．so that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们需要更多柔软的椅子，这样客人们就能舒服地坐着了。 考查连词辨析。because因为；if如果；so that以便、为了。根据“We need more soft chairs”和“the guests can sit comfortably”可知，前半句“我们需要更多柔软的椅子”是行动，后半句“客人可以坐得舒服”是目的，需用表示目的的连接词so that引导目的状语从句，故选C。 12．This storybook is ________ interesting that many students in our class want to read it. A．very B．too C．so D．such 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这本故事书是如此有趣，以至于我们班很多学生都想读它。 考查so...that...固定结构。very非常；too太；so如此；such如此。so修饰形容词，后接that从句表示结果；而such修饰名词，very和too不直接与that搭配表结果。本句空格后为形容词interesting，且后接that从句，故应选so。故选C。 13．—Do you like pandas or koalas? —Well, I like both of them. I think koalas are as ________ as pandas. A．lovely B．more lovely C．most lovely D．the most lovely 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你喜欢熊猫还是考拉？——我两个都喜欢。我认为考拉和熊猫一样可爱。 考查同级比较。lovely “可爱的，迷人的”，比较级是more lovely ，最高级是the most lovely 。as…as意为“和……一样，与……一样”，中间只能用形容词或副词的原级，不能用比较级或最高级，此空格处作表语，应用形容词原级，故选A。 14．—Could you please tell me if I must do ________ the teachers tell me? —Of course you must. A．when B．as C．like 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我，我是否必须按照老师告诉我的去做吗？——当然你必须。 考查连词辨析。when当……时，连词；as照……方式，连词；like像，介词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导方式状语从句，用连词；根据“Could you please tell me if I must do…the teachers tell me?”的语境可知，此处询问是否必须按照老师告诉自己的去做，as符合。故选B。 15．________ more English texts ________ good for you. A．Read; are B．Read; is C．Reading; is D．Reading; are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：多读英语文本对你有好处。 考查动名词作主语和主谓一致。根据“...more English texts...good for you.”可知此处需要用动名词短语作主语，此时谓语动词需用单数形式。故选C。 16．We all enjoy ________ funny movies together on holidays. A．watch B．watching C．to watch D．watches 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们都喜欢在假期一起看有趣的电影。    考查非谓语动词用法。watch观看（动词原形）；watching观看（动名词/现在分词）；to watch观看（动词不定式）；watches观看（第三人称单数形式）。根据题干中的“enjoy”可知，此处应接动名词作宾语，表示“喜欢做某事”，故选B。 17．When I was a little girl, my hobby was ________ the pictures of some famous film stars. A．collect B．to collect C．collecting D．collected 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我还是一个小女孩时，我的爱好是收集一些著名电影明星的照片。 考查非谓语动词。hobby作为主语时，表语通常用动名词形式表示习惯性活动。故选C。 18．My teacher says it can improve my ________ skills. A．speak B．speaking C．spoken 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的老师说它可以提高我的口语技能。 考查非谓语动词。根据“skills”可知，此处表示提高自己的口语技能，speaking skills“口语技能”，固定词组。故选B。 19．The fridge doesn’t work. Why not consider ________ a new one. A．to buy B．bought C．buying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：冰箱坏了。为什么不考虑买一个新的呢？ 考查动名词作宾语。to buy买，不定式；bought买，过去分词；buying买，动名词。consider后需接动名词-ing形式，表示“考虑做某事”。故选C。 20．He is interested in ________ English songs. A．sing B．singing C．sings D．sang 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他对唱英文歌感兴趣。 考查非谓语动词。be interested in doing sth.“对做某事感兴趣”，此处要用动名词形式，故选B。 二、完成句子 21．一位女士在听音乐时哭了起来。 One woman started to cry she to the music. 【答案】 while was listening 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“当……时”和“正在听”。“当……时”可用while引导，强调两个动作同时发生；“正在听”用过去进行时was listening。故填while；was；listening。 22．To make up with your friend, saying sorry first is a good idea. (改为同义句，用if条件句) you want to make up with your friend, you say sorry first. 【答案】 If should 【详解】句意：为了和你的朋友言归于好，先说抱歉是一个好主意。分析原句可知，“saying sorry first”的条件是“To make up with your friend”，所以第一空应填if引导条件状语从句，放在句首首字母需要大写，而由“saying sorry first is a good idea”可知，此处是提建议，所以第二空应填情态动词should“应该”，故填If；should。 23．不管你是否喜欢印度食物，你都会在新加坡见到它。 you Indian food, you’ll in Singapore. 【答案】 Whether like see it 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“不管你是否”“喜欢”“见到”“它”的表达。“不管是否”用 Whether…or not 结构，但因句中已隐含，此处直接填Whether；“喜欢”对应like；“见到”对应see；“它”指印度食物，用it。故填Whether；like；see；it。 24．因为他很专业而且总是鼓励我们。 he is very and always us. 【答案】 Because professional encourages 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“因为”、“专业的”和“鼓励”。Because“因为”，用于引导原因状语从句；professional“专业的”，形容词，在句中作表语；encourage“鼓励”，主语是“he”（第三人称单数），且句子是一般现在时，所以动词用第三人称单数形式“encourages”。故填Because；professional；encourages。 25．他列了一张购物清单，以便不会忘记买什么东西。 He made a shopping list he wouldn’t forget to buy anything. 【答案】 so that 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“以便”。so that“以便，为了”，引导目的状语从句，从句中常用情态动词。故填so；that。 26．The resolution is so difficult that he can’t keep it. (改为同义句) The resolution is difficult for him keep it. 【答案】 too to 【详解】句意：这个决心是如此难，以至于他不能坚持下去。改为同义句，应用too...to“太……而不能”结构，too后接形容词，to后接动词原形，符合语境，故填too；to。 27．俗话说，“熟能生巧！” , “Practice makes perfect!” 【答案】 As the saying goes 【详解】中英对比可知，空缺处应为“俗话说”，英文表达为“as the saying goes”，as引导状语从句。故填As；the；saying；goes。 28．消防员冲进火场救人，就像红军当年一样勇敢。 Firefighters rush into burning buildings to save people, are brave as the Red Army once was. 【答案】 just as 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“就像”，英文表达为“just as”，引导比较状语从句。故填just；as。 29．上课记笔记是一种好的学习习惯。 in class is a good learning habit. 【答案】 Taking notes 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“做笔记”。take notes“做笔记”，动词短语，根据“...in class is a good learning habit.”可知，此处缺少主语，应用动名词短语作主语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Taking；notes。 30．把我们的教室清理干净怎么样？ How about our classroom? 【答案】 cleaning up 【详解】根据中文及空处可知，此处缺少“清理干净”的表达，clean up是固定短语，意为“把……清理干净”。How about后接动词时，需用动名词形式，故填cleaning；up。 题型一 语法填空 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Note-taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork. It can make you 1 (confidence) when you are studying. But most students don’t know 2 to take notes. If your teacher writes notes on the blackboard, that will be great. You can copy them or write down the most important 3 (fact) of all in class. Different teachers do things 4 (different). For example, some teachers may focus on lots of dates and facts in class, but they only write 5 important ones on the blackboard. Other teachers may not write 6 (something) down, but they may repeat them. Don’t try to write down every word in class, because you might miss some important points. Some students really learn better 7 the help of these notes. Feel free 8 (ask) your teacher to repeat what you’ve missed. If your teacher compares your notes with your classmates’, it can be good for 9 (you) learning. It can also help you and your classmates correct some mistakes. Note-taking also needs organization. Keep notes for each subject in one place. Good note-taking takes time. If you decide to recopy your notes every evening, you’ll surely have 10 (little) time to watch TV than before. But you’ll save time in the coming test. 【答案】 1．confident 2．how 3．facts 4．differently 5．the 6．anything 7．with 8．to ask 9．your 10．less 【导语】本文主要介绍了记笔记的重要性和技巧。 1．句意：记笔记能让你在学习时更自信。根据“It can make you...when...”可知，记笔记让你更自信，此处需make sb.+adj.结构，表示“使某人……”，confidence“自信”为名词，其形容词为confident。故填confident。 2．句意：但大多数学生不知道如何记笔记。根据“But most students don’t know...to take notes.”可知，空处指“不知道如何记笔记”，需疑问词how引导宾语从句。故填how。 3．句意：你可以上课抄写或记下课堂上所有最重要的事实。形容词important后修饰名词，此处需名词复数表泛指。名词fact“事实”的复数形式为facts。故填facts。 4．句意：不同的老师做事方式不同。修饰动词do需用副词，different“不同的”为形容词，其副词为differently，表示“不同地”。故填differently。 5．句意：例如，有些老师在课堂上可能会重点讲解大量的日期和史实，但只把重要的内容写在黑板上。此处特指“重要的内容”，需定冠词the。故填the。 6．句意：其他老师可能不写任何内容，但会重复强调。根据“may not write...”可知，本句为否定句，需不定代词anything，而something用于肯定句。故填anything。 7．句意：有些学生借助笔记确实学得更好。固定搭配with the help of表示“在……的帮助下”，故填with。 8．句意：可以随时请老师重复你遗漏的内容。feel free to do sth.为固定用法，表示“不必拘束地做某事”，故空处需动词不定式。故填to ask。 9．句意：如果你的老师把你的笔记和你同学的笔记作比较，这对你的学习有好处。 修饰名词learning需用形容词性物主代词your。故填your。 10．句意：如果你决定每天晚上重抄笔记，你看电视的时间一定会比以前少。根据“than”可知，空处需比较级，little的比较级为less。故填less。   用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 (必要时可加情态动词或助动词)。 Do you feel tired from studying and homework? There are some easy things you can do 1 (improve) your situation. Manage Your Tasks Many students don’t organize their tasks. They leave homework as the last thing they 2 (consider) each day. This often causes stress. If you spend 30 minutes each day 3 (finish) your assignments, you’ll feel more relaxed. Avoid Last-Minute Studying Most students study late before tests. Try 4 (cut down) on this habit. If you 5 (not have) enough time to study all topics, focus on the most important parts first. You’ll still grasp the key points. Stay Physically Active Sports and exercise 6 (can help) reduce stress. You 7 (will feel) more energetic if you take part in activities like jogging, basketball, or just 8 (go) for a walk in the park. Share Your Feelings with Others Students facing similar pressures 9 (understand) you well. You can lower your stress by 10 (talk) to your friends or classmates about your worries. 【答案】 1．to improve 2．consider 3．finishing 4．to cut down 5．don’t have 6．can help 7．will feel 8．going 9．can understand 10．talking 【导语】本文介绍了几个缓解学习压力和作业疲劳的方法，包括任务管理、避免临时抱佛脚、保持身体活跃以及与他人分享感受。 1．句意：有一些简单的事情你可以做来改善你的状况。根据“There are some easy things you can do...your situation.”可知，此处表示目的，即做一些事情来改善状况，用动词不定式“to improve”作目的状语。故填to improve。 2．句意：他们把作业留到每天最后考虑的事情。根据“leave homework as the last thing they...each day”可知，此处描述每天的行为习惯，用一般现在时，主语“they”为复数，谓语动词用原形“consider”。故填consider。 3．句意：如果你每天花30分钟完成作业，你会感到更放松。根据“spend 30 minutes each day...your assignments”可知，此处为“spend+时间+doing sth.”结构，表示“花费时间做某事”，因此用动名词“finishing”。故填finishing。 4．句意：试着减少这个习惯。根据“Try...on this habit.”可知，此处为“try to do sth.”结构，表示“试着做某事”，因此用动词不定式“to cut down”。故填to cut down。 5．句意：如果你没有足够的时间学习所有主题，首先关注最重要的部分。根据“If you...enough time to study all topics”可知，此处描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语“you”为第二人称，否定句借助助动词“don’t”，后跟动词原形“have”。故填don’t have。 6．句意：运动和锻炼可以帮助减轻压力。根据“Sports and exercise...reduce stress.”可知，此处描述运动和锻炼的益处，用一般现在时，主语“Sports and exercise”为复数，谓语动词用原形“can help”，表示“可以帮助”。故填can help。 7．句意：如果你参加像慢跑、篮球这样的活动，或者只是在公园散步，你会感到更有活力。根据“You...more energetic if you take part in activities...”可知，此处为条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时“will feel”。故填will feel。 8．句意同上。根据“like jogging, basketball, or just...for a walk in the park”可知，此处与“jogging, basketball”并列，用动名词“going”。故填going。 9．句意：面临类似压力的学生能够很好地理解你。根据“Students facing similar pressures...you well.”可知，此处描述学生的能力，用一般现在时，主语“Students”为复数，谓语动词用原形“can understand”，表示“能够理解”。故填can understand。 10．句意：你可以通过与朋友或同学谈论你的担忧来减轻压力。根据“by...to your friends or classmates about your worries”可知，此处为“by doing sth.”结构，表示“通过做某事”，因此用动名词“talking”。故填talking。 题型二 阅读理解 Some students often complain (抱怨) about learning English. The subject, they say, takes up too much of their time. They have to read many passages, look up new words in the dictionary and do lots of exercises. Although they work hard, they still can’t get good scores in tests. “Why?” they ask. “How can I enjoy success?” The story of Chinese astronaut (宇航员) Deng Qingming might help to answer their questions. Deng was chosen as an astronaut trainee (接受培训者) in 1998. Since that day, he has spent almost all of his time training hard to become an astronaut. Over the years, Deng has always seen trainees go into space one after another. However, he was still a backup (后备人员). He often felt sad. Sometimes, he even cried. But Deng never gave up. Although he is now in his fifties, he keeps training hard. “I must be ready whenever the chance comes to me,” he once said. Finally, on the night of November 29, 2022, he and two other astronauts boarded the Shenzhou-15 spaceship and flew into space. Deng had waited about 25 years for this very moment. So, if you want to give up learning English (or something else), think about Deng’s story. Your efforts might not pay off immediately (立即，马上). Be patient. Try to improve your methods and keep going. One day, success will knock at your door. Being different from Deng, you probably won’t even have to wait about 25 years for that moment! 1．Which one is not mentioned about learning English in Paragraph 1? A．Looking up new words in the dictionary. B．Doing lots of English exercises. C．Reading many English passages. D．Writing more short articles. 2．What was Deng Qingming always doing after he was chosen as an astronaut trainee? A．Learning English. B．Flying into space. C．Keeping training hard. D．Seeing others training. 3．How did Deng Qingming feel when he was always a backup? A．Sad. B．Angry. C．Nervous. D．Surprised. 4．How many astronauts boarded the Shenzhou-15 spaceship and flew into space? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 5．What does the writer want to show by telling the story of Deng Qingming? A．Don’t complain when you meet difficulties. B．Don’t give up and keep going, and you will succeed. C．You’ll get good scores in tests if you work hard. D．You’ll have to wait about 25 years if you want to succeed. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文讲述了一些学生抱怨英语学习耗时多却难出成绩的困扰，随后通过中国宇航员邓清明坚守25年训练、最终登上神舟十五号飞船的故事，告诉人们不要轻易放弃，坚持终将获得成功的道理。 1．细节理解题。根据“They have to read many passages, look up new words in the dictionary and do lots of exercises.”可知，第一段提到了读英语文章、查词典和做英语练习，没有提到写更多短文，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Deng was chosen as an astronaut trainee in 1998. Since that day, he has spent almost all of his time training hard to become an astronaut.”以及“Although he is now in his fifties, he keeps training hard.”可知，邓清明被选为宇航员学员后一直努力训练，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Over the years, Deng has always seen trainees go into space one after another. However, he was still a backup. He often felt sad.”可知，当邓清明一直是后备人员时，他感到很伤心，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Finally, on the night of November 29, 2022, he and two other astronauts boarded the Shenzhou-15 spaceship and flew into space.”可知，包括邓清明在内，共有三名宇航员登上神舟十五号飞船进入太空，故选C。 5．主旨大意题。根据“So, if you want to give up learning English (or something else), think about Deng’s story. Your efforts might not pay off immediately. Be patient. Try to improve your methods and keep going. One day, success will knock at your door.”可知，作者通过邓清明的故事想告诉人们，不要放弃，坚持下去就会成功，故选B。 ①What makes a successful language learner? Language learning research shows that successful language learners are similar (相似的) in many ways. ②First of all, successful language learners do not depend on (依赖) the book or the teacher. They find their own ways to learn the language. They never wait for the teacher to tell them, and they try to find their own ways for themselves. ③Next, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language. They look for such a chance. They will try their best to talk with people who speak the language. They are not afraid of making mistakes and try again and again. ④Third, successful learners spend enough time with the language. That is the greatest guarantee (保证) of success. The language will become clearer in your brain (大脑) slowly over a long time. ⑤Finally, successful language learners want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is a need for them to learn the language in order to talk with these people and to learn from them. 1．Successful language learners ________ according to this passage. A．depend on the book B．spend little time with the language C．don’t like making mistakes D．try to find the ways for themselves 2．What is the greatest guarantee of successful language learning? A．The brain. B．A chance. C．Enough time. D．Great interest. 3．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①/②/③④⑤ 4．The passage is about ________ to be a successful language learner. A．ways B．problems C．advantages D．feelings 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，探讨了成功的语言学习者的共同特点，包括独立学习、积极使用语言、投入足够时间以及保持兴趣等方面。 1．细节理解题。根据“They find their own ways to learn the language...they try to find their own ways for themselves.”可知，成功的语言学习者会为自己找到学习方法。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Third, successful learners spend enough time with the language. That is the greatest guarantee of success.”可知，足够的投入时间是成功的最重要保证。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。文章第①段综述一项语言学习研究表明成功的语言学习者在许多方面相似；第②③④⑤段分别从不依赖书本和老师、主动寻找使用语言的机会、花足够时间学习语言、因兴趣而学习语言这四个方面具体阐述成功语言学习者的特点，所以文章结构为①/②③④⑤。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要围绕成功语言学习者的特点展开，阐述了成为成功语言学习者的方法。故选A。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $