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第三部分句法基础知识
第三部分
句法基础知识
第一讲
句子成分分析
第一节复习备考指南
句子是由词按照一定语法规则构建而成,表达独立完整意义的语言单位。组
成句子的各个部分被称为句子的成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,
按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。英语中句子的基本成分有六
种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语
(attribute)和状语(adverbial)。另外还有宾语补足语(object complement)、同位
语(appositive)、独立成分(independent part)等。
第二节往届试题选析
1.Harry invited me
with him when his parents were out of town.
A.stay
B.stayed
C.staying
D.to stay
解析:invite sb.to do sth.是固定用法,意为“邀请某人做某事”。句意为:Harry
邀请我和他待在一起,当他父母出城的时候。故选D。
2.-Please stay with me this weekend.
-I'm sorry,but my father and I planned
Beijing a long time ago.
A.visit
B.visiting
C.to visit
D.visited
解析:考查动词不定式作宾语的知识点。句意为:一这个周末和我待在一起
吧。一不好意思,我和我父亲很久以前就计划去北京旅游了。plan to do sth.是
固定用法,意为“计划做某事”。故选C。
3.Mother asks me
English every morning.
A.read
B.to read
C.reading
D.not read
解析:考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的知识,点。句意为:妈妈让我每天早上朗读
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新中考重难点精析英语
英语。ask sb.to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“要求某人做某事”。故选B。
4.Doctors tell us
our hands before and after every meal.
A.wash
B.washed
C.washing
D.to wash
解析:考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的知识,点。句意为:医生告诉我们饭前饭后
要洗手。tell sb.to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“告诉某人做某事”。故选D。
5.The doctors and nurses managed
the lives of patients,though they
didn't have enough medicine.
A.save
B.saving
C.to save
D.to saving
解析:考查动词不定式作宾语的知识点。句意为:虽然医生和护士没有足够的
药,但他们成功挽救了病人的生命。manage to do sth.是固定用法,意为“设法
做到,成功完成”。故选C。
6.I would be interested to see the pandas in the Wolong Panda Reserve,because
it allows people
closer to them.
A.get
B.to get
C.getting
D.got
解析:考查动词不定式。句意为:我会对在卧龙熊猫保护区看熊猫很感兴趣,因
为保护区允许人们接近熊猫。allow sb.to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“允许某人
做某事”。故选B。
7.Today is Father's Day,and I plan
a dinner for my father.
A.to prepare
B.preparing
C.prepared
D.prepare
解析:考查动词不定式作宾语的知识点。句意:今天是父亲节,我打算为父亲准
备一顿晚餐。此题四个选项均为“准备”的意思,A为prepare的不定式;B为
prepare的现在分词;C为prepare的过去式或过去分词;D为prepare的动词
原形。plan to do sth.为固定搭配,表示“计划做某事”,可知此处用不定式to
prepare。故选A。
8.-Our school will invite Mr.Wang
us a talk on environmental
protection next week.
-That's wonderful!
A.give
B.to give
C.giving
D.gave
解析:考查动词不定式作宾语补足语的知识点。句意:一下周我们学校会邀请王
先生给我们做一场关于环境保护的讲座。一太棒了!此题四个选项均为“给”的
意思,A为give的动词原形;B为give的不定式;C为give的现在分词;D为give
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第三部分句法基础知识
的过去式。invite sb.to do sth.为固定搭配,表示“邀请某人做某事”。故选B。
第三节模拟试题精选
1.-I think
too much junk food is bad for our health.
-Me,too.
A.eat
B.eats
C.eating
D.ate
2.Don't talk so loudly.Your baby brother is
A.asleep
B.sleep
C.asleeping
D.falling asleep
3.The most important thing to do is to find a room
A.living
B.to live
C.to live in
D.lives in
4.-He's never been there before,
?
-Yes.He once went there ten years ago.
A.is he
B.doesn't he
C.has he
D.hasn't he
5.Tom,as well as his sisters,
going to visit Shanghai next month.
A.are
B.is
C.will
D.can
6.If you want to improve your
English,you must try
English
every day.
A.spoken;to practice speaking
B.spoken;practicing speaking
C.speaking;to practice to speak
D.spoken;to practice to speak
7.It is very kind
so much work for us in one day.
A.for him doing
B.of him doing
C.for him to do
D.of him to do
8.I used to find
difficult to learn English well.
A.it's
B.it
C.that
D.this
85第十讲动词的语态
1-5 ACCBD
6-10 BBDDC 11-16 CCADCA
第十一讲动词的语气
1-5 BCCBD
第三部分
句法基础知识
第一讲句子成分分析
1-5 CACCB 6-8 ADB
第二讲句子的种类
1—5 BBABC
6-10 DCDAD
第三讲
句子的类型
1-5 CCCBA
6-10 DABAA
第四讲名词性从句
1-5 ABDDA
6-10 CADBC
11-15 DABBD
第五讲形容词性从句
1—5 DBCDB
6-10 AABCB
11-15 CDCBB
16-20 DABCB
第六讲状语从句
1-5 CAABC
6-10 BBDCC 11-15 ABDBA
第七讲主谓一致
1-7 BAACADD
第八讲倒装句
1-5 BCDDB
6-10 ADCCA
第九讲直接引语和间接引语
1-5 DCBAA
6-9 DCCB
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新中考重难点精析试题参考答案