Unit 3 Environmental Protection Words and Expressions 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

Unit 3 Environmental Protection (words and expressions) graph [ɡrɑːf] n. 图；图表；曲线图 a bar graph 条形图 table表 timetable chart图表 form 表格 graphic adj. 详细的，生动的，绘画的，图形的 graphically adv. 形象地，生动地; 以图表形式 emission [iˈmɪʃn] n.排放物;散发物;排放 carbon/gas emission 碳/气体排放 cut the emission of greenhouse gases 减少温室气体的排放 emit v.排放，散发 ①We should minimize the use of private cars, which _____(emission) a large amount of greenhouse gases. ②The _________ (emit) of gases such as carbon dioxide should be stabilized at their present level. emit emission =give off/out 发出 melt [melt] v.融化；(逐渐)减少，消失；(使)软化，变得温柔； n.融化；熔化的金属，熔化物；一次的熔化量； melt away 消失，消散；逐渐散去 melt one's heart 使某人的心变软 melting point 熔点 melting adj.令人爱怜的，让人同情的柔和的；优美的 melted adj.融化的；溶解的 starve [stɑːv] v.（使）挨饿，饿死；使极其缺乏，需要 starve to death=be starved to death 饿死 starve for sth 渴望；急需 starve to do sth 渴望去做某事 starved adj. 饥饿的；饥肠辘辘的 starving adj. 饥饿的 starvation n. 饥饿，捱饿，饿死 【即学即用】语法填空 (1)The lonely student is __________(starve) for friendship. (2)When the two men entered into the deserted island, they got lost and starved ___ death. (3)Millions of people will face__________(starve) next year as a result of the drought. starving to starvation 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1) (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) Maybe that feeling comes from growing up in South Africa, where the phrase “there are children ___________(starve) in Africa” was more of an uncomfortable reminder n. 提醒 of fact than a prayer at dinner time. (2)Eventually，I strongly starve _____ knowledge about which aspects of traditional Chinese culture arouse your curiosity引起你的好奇心 most. (应用文写作之求助信) starving for freeze to death 各种“死”法的表达 be worried to death be scared to death be beaten to death ecology [iˈkɒlədʒi] n.生态;生态学 派生词：ecology system= ecosystem n 生态系统 ecotourism n 生态旅游 ecofriendly adj. 对生态环境友好的；环保的 -ology-学问，学说 geology n.地质学 biology n.生物学 psychology n.心理学 sociology n.社会学 epidemiology n.流行病学 ecologist n.生态学家 ecological adj 生态的；生态学的 release [rɪˈliːs] v.释放；排放；发布 n.释放；排放，泄漏 1.release stress 释放压力 2.release ...from ...　　　　从……释放…… 3.release...into 把...释放到 4.release sth （to sb/sth）　　发布（新闻等） 5.release a film/book/record　　发行一部电影/一本书/一张唱片 6.on release 上映；发行 ① 释放=set...free ② 排放 release/emit carbon dioxide ③上映(电影); 发行(唱片/书); 发布(新闻) ④发泄,宣泄 release [rɪˈliːs] v.释放；排放；发布;上映 n.释放；排放，泄漏；发布 一、将下列短语翻译成汉语。 1. press releases __________ 2. sign a release __________ 3. release information __________ 4. release a new film __________ 5. release prisoners of war ____________ 新闻稿 签发释放令 发布信息 发行新影片 释放战俘 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(外研选必一U5)The plant releases tiny amounts of chemicals ________ the leaves that are being eaten. (2)听说自己最喜欢的作家的新书已经发行了，他非常兴奋，希望能尽快拿到一本。 He was excited to learn that ____________________________________ _________, hoping to get his hands on a copy as soon as possible. 读后续写之情绪描写 from his favorite author's latest book was on/in release carbon /ˈkɑ:bən/ n.碳 dioxide  /daɪˈɒksaɪd/ n.二氧化物 carbon dioxide /ˈkɑ:bən daɪˈɒksaɪd/ 二氧化碳 habitable adj.适合居住的 habit n.习惯 habitant n.居民，居住者 habitat n. 栖息地 habit(习惯)＋(at)住在这里＝habitat sustain [səˈsteɪn] vt.维持;支持;承受住 sustain damage/an injury/a defeat/losses 遭受损失/受伤/遭到失败/蒙受损失 sustain relationships with sb. 与某人维持关系 make a sustained effort 做出不懈的努力 sustainable development 可持续发展 sustainable adj 可持续的；不破坏环境的 sustainability n. 持续性、能维持性 sustained adj. 持久的；持续的 sustaining adj.支持的；持续的 完成句子 (1)I’m afraid that this racer couldn’t ____________________ . 恐怕这位选手很难保持这个速度。 (2)The foundations were not strong enough to _________________ of the house. 这地基不够牢固，无法支撑房屋的重量。 (3)We need to ________________ in the afflicted area. 我们要支援灾区人民。 (4)How long will you _________________________ of your boss? 对你上司的粗暴无礼，你能忍受多久？ (5)Adult offspring have the obligation to ________________ . 成年子女对父母有赡养扶助的义务。 sustain this speed sustain the weight sustain people sustain the rudeness sustain their parents fuel vt.vt&vi (给...)加燃料;增加刺激 n.燃料 add fuel to the fire 火上浇油 网络暴力加剧了她的心理问题。 Online violence fueled her mental health problem. comprehensive [ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv] adj.全部的;所有的;详尽的 1.comprehensive adj.全面/综合/详尽的 2.comprehensively adv.完全地，彻底地 3.comprehend vt.理解 4.comprehension n.理解(力) 5.(comprehensive quality综合素质) 6.(reading comprehension阅读理解) ① All the products are labelled with ____________ (comprehend) instructions. ② He stood still staring at the bulletin board (公告栏), unable ______________ (comprehend). comprehensive to comprehend worldwide /ˈwɜ:ldwaɪd/ adv.遍全球地 adj.世界各地的；影响全世界的 world+-wide“...范围内的/地点” statewide______________ countrywide____________ industrywide____________ 全州的/地 全国的/地 整个业界的/地 trend /trend/ n.趋势; 趋向; 动向 economic/social/political trends 经济/社会/政治趋势 a trend in/towards... ……的趋势 tend v.倾向；往往会；照料 tend to do sth. 往往会做某事 tendency n.趋向; 趋势；倾向 frequently /ˈfriːkwəntli/ adv.频繁地;经常 frequent adj. 频繁的；经常的 infrequent adj. 罕见的 frequency n. 频繁;频率 Buses run__________ (frequent) between the city and the airport. frequently broadcast-broadcast-broadcast broadcaster n．广播员 broadcast news 传播新闻 a live broadcast 现场直播 broadcast /ˈbrɔ:dkɑ:st/ v.播送;广播 n.广播节目 1.复数: policies 2. politics n. 政治 3. politician n. 政治家 3. political adj. 政治的；政党的 4.a policy on sth （……方面）的政策 5.foreign policy 外交政策 6.make/ develop a policy 制定政策 7.adopt/ carry out/ follow a policy 采取/实施/奉行方针 policy /ˈpɒləsi/ n.政策;方针;原则 restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚 (1)restrict...to... 将……限定在……内 be restricted to 限制（在……范围内） restrict oneself to doing 限制自己在... (2)restriction n.制约因素；限制规定；限制，约束 without restriction 不受限制 (3)restrictive adj. 限制性的，约束的 restricted adj 受限的 24 语法填空 (1)We restrict the number of students per class ____10. (2)Jan 23: Wuhan declared temporary outbound (向外的)traffic ____________(restrict). (3)They will hold a meeting to discuss the (restrict) laws. restrictions restrictive to seize [siːz] vt.抓住;夺取;控制 seize/catch/hold sb. by the＋身体部位 抓住某人的某个部位 seize sb. by the arm 抓住某人的胳膊 be seized by +n. (curiosity / panic)好奇心顿起，突然惊慌失措 seize/grasp/catch/grab an opportunity/chance 抓住机会 sb. be seized by+情绪名词= 情绪名词+seizes sb. 被...侵袭 1.（续写佳句）一种强烈的内疚感攫住了我，我的手掌在冒汗。 2. 她突然感到一阵愤怒，但她强迫自己冷静下来。 3. 我抓住他的手臂，放声大哭起来。 I was seized by a strong sense of guilt , with my palms sweating. A sudden wave of anger seized/took hold of/swept over her, but she forced herself to calm. I seized him by the arm, bursting into tears. reform [rɪˈfɔːm] vi.& vt. 改革；改造 n. 改革；变革；改良 3. reform and opening-up policy 改革开放政策 4. reform the social security system 改革社会保障制度 1.reformer n. 改革者; 改良者 2.reformation n. 改进; 改革; 改善 undergo [ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ] vt. 经历；经受(变化、不快等) undergo tests/trials/repairs/operation/surgery 经受考验/接受审讯/接受检修/接受手术 understand v.理解 undertake v.承担 underestimate v.低估 underline v.在……下面划线 underdog n.弱势群体 underwear n.内衣，衬衣 undergo - underwent - undergone implement /ˈɪmplɪmənt/ vt.使生效;贯彻;执行 近：carry out implementation n. 实施；执行 the implementation of the new system 新体制的实施 carry out / implement the reform and opening-up policy 实施改革开放的政策 harmonious [hɑːˈməʊniəs] adj.和谐的 a harmonious society 一个和谐社会 in harmony with… 与……协调；与……相配 out of harmony with sb./sth. 与某人/物不协调、 live/work in harmony 融洽地生活/工作 harmony n. 和谐 harmoniously adv. 和谐地 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)I believe it is possible for different ethnic groups to live together ___ harmony. (2)(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)This eye­catching column, I'm firmly convinced, won't fail to grant the whole class a ____________ (harmony) atmosphere. (3)这座建于1980年代的现代摩天大楼如今与周边的历史建筑格格不入。 The modern skyscraper, which was built in the 1980s, now __________________________________________________________． in harmonious looks out of harmony with the surrounding historical architecture moderate adj.适度的;中等的;温和的 vi.&vt.缓和;使适中 1. A moderate relaxation can enhance students’ physical and mental health. 2.Moderation in all things is the key to a healthy and balanced life. The city was moderately warm, not too hot or too cold in all seasons. moderation n. 适度 moderately adv. 适度地；一般地；适中地 submit [səbˈmɪt] vt.&vi.提交;呈递;屈服 (1)submit sth to sb 提交；呈递某物给某人 submit (oneself) to sb/sth 顺从；屈服 submit to sth. /sb. = be submitted to sb/sth 顺从、屈服某人/某物；向某人投降 submit to (doing) sth. 不得已接受某事 (2)submission n．屈服；呈送；提交 ① The plan will ____________ (submit) to the committee for official approval. ② He submitted himself ___ the strict discipline of the military academy. ③ When is the final date for the __________ (submit) of proposals? ④ According to the report _________ (submit) by researchers, between 20 and 50 percent of all annual carbon dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical (热带的) forests. be submitted to submission submitted annual /ˈænjuəl/ adj.每年的;一年的 n.年刊;年鉴 yearly daily weekly monthly 2. an annual event 一年一度的大事 3. an annual meeting/report 年会/年度报告 4. annual rainfall 年降雨量 ________ (annual), the world generates 1.3 billion tons of solid waste. Annually chaos n.混乱;杂乱;紊乱 in chaos 混乱；一片狼藉 in a mess 混乱；一团糟 on behalf of on behalf of sb. 代表（某人）； 同义词：represent 代表着/标志着 stand for 代表着/标志着 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)I am writing to you _____ his behalf to express our gratitude for your generous donation.应用文写作之感谢信 (2)With a code book, you might write down words that would stand _____ other words. (3)我很荣幸在此代表我们学校向你们表示热烈的欢迎。 →____________________, I'm honoured to be here to extend a warm welcome to you. →____________________, I'm honoured to be here to extend a warm welcome to you.应用文写作之发言稿 on for On behalf of our school Representing our school sensitive [ˈsensətɪv] adj.敏感的; 善解人意的;灵敏的 (1)be sensitive to… 对……敏感 be sensitive about 对…介意 (2)sense n．感觉；见识；意义；理解力 vt.感觉到 make sense 讲得通；有道理 make sense of 理解；弄懂 in a sense 在某种意义上 in no sense 决不(置于句首句子用倒装) There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没意义。 (3)sensible adj. 明智的，可察觉的 (4)sensitively adv.敏感地 (1)There’s no doubt that the consumers are still very sensitive ______ the price. (2)The young man is rather sensitive _______ the appearance of his future wife. (3)Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more ___________ (sense) to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship problems. to about sensitive 40 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)_____ a sense, his decision to leave was understandable, given the circumstances. (2)Can you completely make sense _____what the expert in psychology said just now? (3) 我们绝不能认为这个项目是失败的；它已经实现了许多目标。 _______________________________________; it has achieved many of its goals. (4)担心我们无法改变的事情是没有意义的；这只会增加我们的压力。 ____________________________________________________; it only adds to our stress.应用文写作之建议信 In of In no sense can we consider this project a failure There is no sense in worrying about things we cannot change 26. originate vi.&vt.起源;发源;创立 origin cn.起源 [常用复数] original adj.原创的，原始的,新颖的 originally adj. 原本，起初 originate from... 源自... originate in 起源于；归因于；产生于 1. The origins of this festival can be traced back to ancient times. 2. This is an original painting by a famous artist. 3. The idea is very original and creative. 4. The custom originates from a religious ceremony. 5. The disease originated in this area and then spread to other regions. 1. Up to now, I have read as far as the fifth chapter, the second volume of The War and Peace. ___________ 2. How do you measure the volume of a gas? ___________ 3. New roads are being built to cope with the increased volume of traffic. ___________ 4. The domestic flight and passenger volume of Shanghai’s two airports have been restored to the same level as last year. ___________ 5. Can you turn down the volume on the TV? ___________ 体积 卷 交通量 音量 客流量 volume n.总数，总量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷，一册；音量 restore /rɪˈstɔː(r)/ vt.恢复;使复原;修复 1. restoration n. 恢复；复原；修复 2.同义：recover v. 恢复(健康，精神，体力), resume v. 恢复(职位),继续 refresh v. 恢复精神状态 3. restore one’s sight 恢复视力 4. restore ... to ... 把...恢复到..., 把...归还给... He is now fully restored to health. 他现在完全恢复了健康。 The police have now restored the painting to its rightful owner. 警察已经把这幅油画归还给了它的合法主人。 conservation n.对(环境、文物等)保护；保持 【语块积累】 under conservation被保护 conserve v.保护，保存；节省，节约 conservative adj.保守的 45 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)While she is open to new ideas, she tends to be _____________(conserve) when it comes to her personal beliefs. (2)这个国家公园正受到保护，以维持其自然美景和野生动物。 →_______________________________________ to maintain its natural beauty and wildlife. →_______________________________________ to maintain its natural beauty and wildlife. conservative The national park is being conserved The national park is under conservation dozen [ˈdʌzn] n. (一)打; 十二个 a dozen＋复数名词/a dozen of ＋限定词＋复数名词 a dozen eggs /a dozen of the fresh strawberries/two dozen of my books dozens of 许多；很多 英语中有一些和dozen一样表示数目的单词，如：score(20), ten, hundred, thousand, decade等，它们的用法与dozen相同。 scores of 许多，大量几十个 tens of 数十 hundreds of 数百 thousands of 数千 tens of thousands of 数万 hundreds of thousands of 数十万 millions of 数百万 tens of millions of 数千万 hundreds of millions of 数亿 billions of 数十亿 regulation [ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃn] n.章程;规章制度 regulate vt. 调整，校准 regular adj. 规律的，定期的 regularly adv.有规律地 set up regulation 设立规章制度 fire/ safety/ building regulations 防火条例/安全规章/建筑法规 disposal [dɪˈspəʊzl] n. 去掉;清除;处理 dispose vt.&vi. 处理；处置；安排 disposable adj. 一次性的；可自由支配的 disposable gloves 一次性手套 a person's disposable income 个人可支配（税后）收入 at one’s disposal 任某人处理/ 自行支配 He will have a car at his disposal for the whole month. 他将有一辆汽车归他使用一个月。 arrive --- arrival survive --- survival refuse --- refusal propose --- proposal approve --- approval disapprove --- disapproval inspection [ɪnˈspekʃn] n. 检查;查看;视察 inspect vt. 检查 inspector n. 检查员，视察员 inspective adj. 检查的、注意的 carry out regular inspections 定期检查 inspect the army 检阅部队 fine n. 罚款 v. 对...处以罚款 adj. 美好的, 健康的 fine sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而惩罚某人 be fined for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而被惩罚 单句语法填空 (1)The cyclists should ________(fine) for not wearing helmets. (2)The police fined me________ driving too fast. 完成句子 (3)He will be set free as soon as______________________． 罚款一交，他就会被释放。 be fined　 for the fine is paid tolerate [ˈtɒləreɪt] vt. 忍受;包容;容许 tolerate = stand = bear = put up with 容忍 tolerate (one’s/sb.) doing sth. 容忍(某人)做某事 She refused to tolerate being called a liar. 她拒不接受被称为撒谎者。 tolerance n. 宽容；容忍 tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的 be tolerant of/towards sth. /sb. 对……容忍 They need to be tolerant of different points of view.  他们需要容忍不同的观点。 tolerable adj. 可容忍的 intolerable adj. 无法忍受的；不能容忍的 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)He tolerates ___________(work) under pressure, but he prefers a more relaxed work environment. (2)(2025·北京卷)Usually, better outcomes are achieved through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk ___________(tolerate). (3)若想建立持久的关系，你必须容忍他人的不完美。 If you want to build lasting relationships, _________________________ ___________________．应用文写作之建议信 working tolerance you must tolerate/be tolerant of others' imperfections 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)We can’t tolerate people (throw) garbage here and there，so we will launch a campaign to appeal to people to protect the environment. (2)She is so serious that she has no (tolerate) for jokes of any kind. (3)She won’t in the physics test next time. 她不会容忍她儿子在下次的物理考试中犯同样的错误。 throwing tolerance tolerate her son making the same mistakes Thanks Lavf59.14.100 $