Unit 2 Section A Starting out & Understanding ideas-【志鸿优化训练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册 (外研版)

>英语|Unit2 Making a difference 【积词汇】 【做练习】 1.wrinkle ut.&i.(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起n.皱纹 1.What was the primary purpose of heating the can 2.forehead n.额；前额 over the fire and then throwing it out? 3.platform n.平台；站台；舞台 A.To cook the food for the next meal. 4.ripe adj..成熟的；时机成熟的 B.To sterilize the can for future use. 5.drag vt.拖；拽t.&.vi.缓慢而费力地移动 C.To dry and dispose of leftovers to ward off bad 【赏美句】 spirits. His family believes that leftovers attract bad spirits D.To create a signal for other villagers. in the night,so any leftover food is dried up in a can 2.Describe two aspects of the host family's life that and the can is then thrown out of the hut. made the deepest impression on the writer during 他的家人认为剩饭剩菜会在夜间招来恶灵，所以任何 the visit. 吃剩的食物都会被晒干装进罐子里，然后把罐子扔出 小屋。 Section a Starting out Understanding ideas Part 1 Reading comprehension 第一步速读课文理清脉络 Activity 1 Reading for the main idea. The main idea of the passage is that Activity 2 Skimming for main structure. Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks. Ryan heard that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough 2. Ryan managed to earn $70 but was told it needed $2,000 to Paras.1-4:Ryan's 1. build 3. Ryan raised $2,000 and a well was built. Ryan saw the finished well with his own eyes. The Well That Changed the More and more support is attracted to 4. World Para.5:Ryan's foundation Over 800,000 people in 16 African countries have had clean safe water. He grew from a boy with 5. and 6. Para.6:Comments on Ryan to an adult who suggests that one should ask himself how to help others. 第二步精读课文领悟细节 C.People didn't want to walk to fetch water. Activity 3 Read the text carefully and choose the D.People used too much water and polluted it. best answer. 2.Knowing that many people in African countries 1.What was wrong with the water in some couldn't get enough clean water,Ryan was developing African countries? A.The countries were too dry to have enough A.happy and worried water. B.surprised and concerned B.The wells were too far away and the water was C.excited and curious dirty. D.angry and disappointed 。22 Section A Starting out Understanding ideas 3.How did Ryan get enough money to build a well? A.He persuaded his neighbours to donate money. B.He asked his classmates to donate money. 2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence(s) C.His mother's friend made his story go public. describing the situation when Ryan saw the D.All of the above. students in Uganda. 4.Which is the direct result of Ryan's effort? A.Getting more clean water. B.Setting up a foundation. C.Building a new well. D.Making him go public. 5.Which of the following statements is the best 第三步 深读课文融会提能 explanation of the title? Activity6课文语篇填空 A.Ryan was determined to give up his plan to Ryan,a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy,had build a well in Africa. trouble 1. (believe)many people B.The well built by Ryan solved the problem of in developing African countries couldn't get worldwide water shortage. enough clean water.He decided to help them.At C.The more wells you dig,the better the world first,his plan was 2. (earn) will be. money to build a well somewhere in Africa.He D.The well built by Ryan encouraged more earned $70 by working for his family and neigh- people to help make the world a better bours.However,when he gave the money to a place. charity,he 3. (tell)that it Activity4思考分享提升思维 actually cost $2,000 to build a well.Ryan didn't 1.What kind of person do you think Ryan is? give up 4. started to persuade his classmates and neighbours to donate money.After several months,Ryan had raised the $2,000,with 5. a well was built near a primary 2.As a senior high school student,what can you school in Uganda.The children were grateful to do to help people in need? him and invited him to visit.In Uganda,when Ryan saw the 6. (finish)well and the happy students,he broke into 7. Activity5诵读佳句学练写作 joyful smile.Later,Ryan set 8. a 1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence(s) foundation to encourage more people to help.The describing what Ryan did to earn money to six-year-old boy 9. (eventual) build a well in Africa. made his dream a 10. (real).Today, over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean,safe water. 23· >英语|Unit2 Making a difference Part 2 Language points 基础落实·必备知识全过关 晓重点单词 【写作词汇】 【教材设题】 l.internal adj.内部的 2.fund v.为…提供资金，资助 1.At first,his plan was to e 3.fountain n.喷水池 4.earn.挣（钱） money to build a single well somewhere in 5.insight n.顿悟，猛醒 Africa. 【拓展词汇】 2.He looked across the classroom at the drinking L.contributionn.贡献；稿件contribute u.贡献，投稿；捐献 2.relief n.减轻，缓解→relieve v.减轻；缓解 3.This insight grew from the determined attitude 3.shortage n.短缺，不足，缺乏→short adj.短的；缺乏的；简 of a six-year-old boy who had the courage 洁的；缩写的→shorten v.缩短；变短 and persevere)to make his 4.effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n.结果；效 dream a reality. 力；作用→effectively adv.有效地 4.Now tick the solutions that you think are 5.recycle v.再利用，回收利用→cycle n.周期；循环 most (effect)to supply Africa 6.donate v.捐赠，捐献→donation n.捐赠；捐款；捐赠物 with fresh water. 7.foundation n.基金会；创立→found v.创立；建立 5.He started to ask for help from his classmates 8.perseverance n.不屈不挠，坚持不懈→persevere u.坚持； and neighbours and persuaded them 孜孜以求 (donate)money. 9.reality n.真实，现实→real adj.真实的；天然的→realistic 6.Later,Ryan's experience led him to set up a adj.现实的；实际的；逼真的→realise v.实现；认识到→ f to encourage more people to really adv..真实地；确实；当真 help 【掌握构词规律快速记牢单词】 【巧用举一反三】 后缀-age的功能： 1.The country experienced a foreign (1)加在形容词后面表示该特点的状况或存在的状态；(2)加在动词后 currency (short)for 面构成抽象名词，表示该行为或行为的结果；(3)加在名词后面表示该 several months. 事物的群体或与该事物有关的场所或表示事物的状况等。 2. (bag)should short adj.缺少的→shortage n.短缺，不足，缺乏 be cross-checked against the names break v.打破→breakage n.损坏 of individual passengers. marry v.结婚→narriage n.婚姻 3.There are no (post) post v.邮寄→postage n.邮费 or delivery costs,so prices can be bagn.包→baggage n.行李 kept low. 之重点短语 l.under control受支配；受控制 【教材设题】 2.look across往对面看 1.Two thousand dollars was a lot of money,but Ryan 3.earn/make money挣钱 (不放弃). 4.give up放弃 2.He 5.be determined to do下决心做… (下决心帮助其他孩子)have clean water.. 6.persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事 3.He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had 7.turn out结果是；证明是；出门 (出来欢迎他). 24 Section A Starting out Understanding ideas 续表 8.make a difference有影响；起（重要）作用 4.He really (有影响)for g.break into a smile突然笑起来 these children. 10.set up建立 5.Today,over 800,000 people in 16 countries across Africa ll.benefit from从…之中获益 (从这一改变生活的礼物中获益) l2.make one's dream a reality使某人梦想成真 of clean,safe water 晓重点句式 1.that引导同 【教材设题】 位语从句 1.As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy,Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his 2.“介词+关 teacher 系代词”引 (在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足 导的非限 够的干净的水) 制性定语2.After several months,Ryan had raised the$2,0o0, 从句 (有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井)， 重难探究·能力素养全提升 修基础词汇·语境记忆 contributeto.向…捐赠；向…投稿 contribute to(doing).sth.导致…；有助于… l.internal adj.内部的(inner) 【佳句背诵】We admire the old scientist for 【佳句背诵】He does not want to interfere in his contribution to the country.[应用文之观点 the internal affairs of another country.[应用文 看法] 之政治生活] 我们非常钦佩这位为国家做出贡献的元老级科 他不想干涉他国的内部事务。 学家。 2.fund v.为…提供资金，资助(sponsor) 【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作 【佳句背诵】Governments should not fund DThis new technology will make great any scientific research whose consequences are (contribute)to the development unclear.[应用文之观点看法] 政府不应该资助任何后果不明的科学研究。 of China's communication industry. 3.donate v.捐献，捐赠(contribute) 2Many people contributed money 【佳句背诵】You need to know that every Project Hope,which contributed many children's coming back to school. time you donate clothes,books or toys to a ③把小事做好有助于增强我们的自信心，并帮 charity shop,you are helping people.[应用文 助我们迎接未来更大的挑战。 之观点看法] 你要知道，每次你将衣服、书籍或者玩具捐赠到 Doing small things well 慈善店里时，你都是在帮助别人。 and helping us 高频词汇·讲练互动 meet bigger challenges in the future. 1.contribution n.贡献；捐款；稿件(donation) 2.relief n.减轻，缓解；宽慰；救济(comfort) (I)make a contribution to..对…做出贡献 (I)to one's relief令某人宽慰的是 (2)contribute ut.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助；投稿 in relief如释重负 25 ~英语|Unit2 Making a difference It is a relief to do sth做某事令人欣慰。 资金短缺导致公司内部出现问题。 (2)relieve vt.减轻（痛苦、焦虑） 【即学即练】单句语法填空/语段填空 relieve sb.of.帮助某人减轻…（负担） ①A (short)of hands has (3)relieved ad,感到宽慰的 reduced our factory's yearly output. 【佳句背诵】I finished my last test today.. 2As we all know,TV is short What a relief!NowI'm free.[读后续写之心 “Television”. 理活动] ③He was short cash after the 我今天考完了最后一场试。总算松了一口气！ collapse of his business. 现在我自由了。 ④UN是联合国的简称，因此，我们简称联合国 【即学即练】单句语法填空/一句多译 是UN。在过去，世界缺乏公平。但是现在， ①It is a relief (see)him 在联合国的帮助下，我们生活在一个公平的 pull his weight. 世界中。总之，我相信世界将会变得越来 2Hearing that he passed the exam,he sighed 越好！ relief. The UN 3The new secretary will contribute to relieving us the United Nations.So,we some of the paperwork. call it the UN In ④发现我妹妹已经适应了新环境，我感到很 the past,the world 欣慰。 fairness.However,nowadays, with the help of the UN,we are living in a to find my sister had adjusted fair world. _,I herself to the new surroundings. believe,the world will become better and better! found my sister had adjusted herself to the 4.effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的(efficient) new surroundings (i)take effective measures to do sth.采取有效的 →I to find 措施做某事 my sister had adjusted herself to the new (2)effect n.效果；影响；作用 surroundings. have an effect on/upon..对…有影响 >My sister had adjusted herself to the new :come into effect-=take effect生效 surroundings,which in effect=in fact/reality实际上 (3)affect v.影响；侵袭，使感染 3.shortage n.短缺，不足，缺乏(deficit) 【佳句背诵】They decided to take effective (i)a shortage of.…缺乏： measures.Moreover,they would establish a (2)short adj.缺少的；短的；矮的 water--saving foundation.[应用文之活动安排] be short of缺少 他们决定采取有效措施。此外，他们将建立一 be short for是…的缩写/简称 个节水基金会。 (3)in short总之，简言之 【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作 for short作为简称 DAs far as I'm concerned,punishment has little 【佳句背诵】The shortage of funds led to the effect him. company's internal problems.[应用文之社会 2The local authority has taken 生活] (effect)measures to resolve the problem. 26 Section A Starting out Understanding ideas 3 Much to his relief,the new rule came 【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作 effect at last. DWhen the marriage finally broke ④听到他父亲去世的消息，他深受影响。 it was obviously a terrible blow to Soames. On hearing the news that his father died, 2He decided to break away home and contribute to something meaningful. ③The robber broke the foundation, 5.turn out证明是，结果是；出门 trying to take away some money. (1)turn out(tobe)..结果是 4Does everyone know what to do if a fire It turns out that..结果是…，证明是… breaks (2)turn down关小；拒绝 ⑤他正在寻找一些重要的国际新闻时，计算机 turn up出现；到场；调高（音量等） 系统突然坏了。 turn to转向；求助于 He was searching for some important 【佳句背诵】The games my parents taught international news when me when I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.[应用文之个人生活] 小时候我父母教我的游戏，在我后来的生活中 7.set up安装；装配；开办，创建；安排 变得非常有用。 put up张贴；搭建 【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作 pick up检起；搭载；好转；学会 DTo his embarrassment,his son turned build up创建；增强 the job offer because the make up编造；组成；弥补 pay was too low. bring up抚养；养育；提及 ②He finally turned at our graduation 【佳句背诵】Can you give me a call on Friday ceremony with some souvenirs in his hands. to set up a time for the trip?[应用文之寻求 3In times of trouble,I always turn 帮助] my parents for advice. 你可以在周五给我打个电话以便安排旅行的时 ④结果证实该方法是成功的。 间吗？ 【即学即练】用“动词十up”短语的适当形式填 the method is successful. 6.break into a smile突然笑起来 空/单句写作 DCould you do me a favour and break into破门而入；闯入；突然…起来（十 Sam from school today? 名词) break out(战争、火灾等)爆发；突然…起来（十 2His father died when he was young,and he doing) was by his mother. break down停止运转，出故障；分解；垮掉 3Everybody in the village likes Jack because break up打碎；分裂，解体；结束；（关系等）破裂 he is good at telling and break away(from)突然离开：（从中）脱离 jokes. 【佳句背诵】The teacher's eyes sparkled and ④现在这家公司计划在欧洲的其他地方开分店。 her lips broke into a smile..[读后续写之人物 Now this company plans to 描写] elsewhere in 老师的眼睛闪闪发光，嘴里笑出声来。 Europe. 27 e英语|Unit2 Making a difference 晓多义词汇·自主练透 【佳句背诵】More and more people have come to see the fact that China is no longer I.一词多义 what she used to be.[应用文之观点看法] foundation 越来越多的人看到这样一个事实：中国已经不 A.地基B.基础C.基金会D.(机构或组织 再是过去的中国了。 的)创建，创办E.粉底霜 【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作 DUse foundation and/or face powder afterwards ①There is no doubt his plan for an even skin tone. 2The builders are now beginning to lay the sounds very good. foundations of the new school. 2 Along with the letter was his promise 3Respect and friendship provide a solid foundation he would visit me the next for marriage. month. 4The money will go to the San Francisco AIDS ③我们不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。 Foundation. 5The organisation has grown enormously since we will finish the its foundation in 1955. work in such a short time. Ⅱ.教材熟词生义 名师点津同位语从句和定语从句的区别： relief that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充 项目 意义 例句 当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that 引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意 The booklet contains information 熟义 on pain relief during labour. 义，不充当句子成分，不能省略。 试比较下面两个例句： 生义 The next crew relief comes on I had no idea that you were here.(that duty at 9 o'clock. 导同位语从句，不能省略) 晓重点句式·多维剖析 Have you got the idea (that)this book gives you??(that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以 1.hat引导同位语从句 省略) 【教材原句】As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, 2.“介词十关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句 Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing 【教材原句】After several months,Ryan had African countries couldn't get enough clean water. raised the $2,000,with which a well was built 年仅六岁的加拿大小学生瑞安难以相信老师所 near a primary school in Uganda. 说的话—一在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝 几个月后，瑞安筹到了2,000美元。有了这笔 不到足够的千净的水。 钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。 句中that引导同位语从句，解释说明words的内容。 句中with which a well was built near a primary 同位语从句用来说明其所修饰的名词的具体内 school in Uganda是“介词+关系代词”引导的非 容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语 限制性定语从句。 从句的名词有advice,.demand,doubt,fact,hope, “介词十关系代词”引导的定语从句中介词的选择 idea,information,message,news,order,problem, 依据为： promise,question,request,suggestion,truth, :(1)根据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配习惯（即 wish,word等。 固定短语)： 28 Section B Using language (2)根据与先行词搭配的具体意义； which I am grateful. (3)根据句子的意思； ③Li Ming, whom I went to the (4)表示所属关系或整体中的一部分时，通常用介 concert,enjoyed it very much. 词0f。 ④更重要的是，在这场音乐会中会有很多志同 【佳句背诵】There are altogether eleven 道合的人，在这里你不仅可以结交新朋友，还 books on the shelf,of which five are mine. 可以通过和他们分享想法来提高自己。 物介绍] What's more,there will be a lot of like 书架上总共有11本书，其中有5本是我的。 minded people in this concert, 【即学即练】单句语法填空/单句写作 DHe was educated at the local high school, which he went on to Peking but also can University. improve yourself by sharing ideas with 2 My head teacher has taught me a lot, them. Section B\Using language Part 1 Grammar 语法冲关·语言规则全理清 过去分词作定语 experts believe that some games of advanced 情境》导入 technology can help young people unlock their creative characters,and give them more practicable In the modern workplace,the adopted principles life lessons for the future than traditional subjects. of games are now playing an important role in 【语法感悟】 successfully building teams of problem solvers. 1.以上加黑部分都在句中作 HackerRank is a company hired to set a 2.加黑词与被修饰词之间具有逻辑上的 series of programming challenges and competitions 关系。 for promising employees. "What we do is to give people the opportunity 语法>精讲 to connect with any company on the planet by 一、过去分词作定语的位置 building a set of challenges that apply the skills required to a job there,"says Vivek Ravisankar, 【先感悟】 HackerRank's co-founder."Some companies have DThe polluted water was to blame for the spread introduced computer games into the hiring process of the disease. in order to test interviewees'skills.It's only a 被污染的水造成了这种疾病的传播。 matter of time before this becomes a widely 2The recovered animals will be released soon. accepted way of thinking. 痊愈的动物会很快被放走。 These principles are now being introduced to 3There were a couple of seats left at the back. schools,too.While there has been much criticism 后面还剩几个座位。 of the time spent in front of screens,many 4He is one of those invited. 29the saying goes DIf too close,we will feel that we cannot get respect from each other. 8If too close,we will feel that we cannot get respect from each other.On the contrary,if the relationship between friends is too distant, it seems that there is a gap between us. 【妙笔成篇】 As Schopenhauer puts in a fable:In winter, porcupines need to keep a proper distance to keep each other warm without hurting each other. From this story,we can get the enlightenment: Keeping a proper distance is of great importance. The same is true of the interpersonal relationship between friends in real life.If too close,we will feel that we cannot get respect from each other.On the contrary,if the relationship between friends is too distant,it seems that there is a gap between us. As the saying goes,"Distance produces beauty.” 针对训练 Of all the fables of Aesop,what impresses me most is the story The Farmer And The Snake.It goes like this:A kind farmer saved a frozen snake,which bit and killed the farmer at last. Many of us have all surely had the experience of being hurt by the people we ever helped. Some old people lied and accused the helper of hurting them in order to get a lot of money. But on the other hand,some people in trouble died because of lack of timely help. In conclusion,we should never have pity on people who are as evil as the snake.It is -32 very important to extend a helping hand to the people who are kind and really in need. Unit 2 Making a difference 激情早读·拓视野 【做练习】 1.C 2.Their incredibly simple possessions and unique cooking method impressed the writer most.He was also deeply touched by their warm hospitality and the privilege of sharing their family life and traditions. Section A Starting out Understanding ideas Part 1 Reading comprehension 第一步速读课文理清脉络 Activity 1 Ryan built a well to help solve the problem of water shortage in Africa Activity 2 1.good deeds 2.clean water 3.a well 4.build more wells 5.courage 6.perseverance 第二步精读课文领悟细节 Activity 3 1~5 BBDCD Activity 4 1.Kind-hearted,enthusiastic... 2.略 Activity 5 1.(1)He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbours. (2)He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate money. (3)After several months,Ryan had raised the $2,000,with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. (4)Later,Ryan's experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help. 2.He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.They sang and danced happily.Some even offered him food and gifts.At first Ryan was nervous, but soon a great warmth filled him.He really had made a difference for these children.He broke into a joyful smile. 第三步深读课文融会提能 Activity 6 1.believing 2.to earn 3.was told 4.but 5.which 6.finished 7.a 8.up 9.eventually 10.reality Part 2 Language points ○基础落实·必备知识全过关 重点单词 【教材设题】1.earn 2.fountain 3.perseverance 4.effective 5.to donate 6.foundation 【巧用举一反三】1.shortage2.Baggage 3.postage 重点短语 【教材设题】1.didn't give up2.was determined to help other children 3.turned out to welcome him 4.had made a difference 5.have benefited from the life-changing gift 重点句式 【教材设题】l.that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean 3 water 2.with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda ©重难探究·能力素养全提升 高频词汇·讲练互动 l.①contributions②to;to③contributes to building up our confidence 2.①to see②in③of④It was a relief;To my relief;was relieved;made me relieved 3.①shortage②for③of④is short for;for short;was short of;In short 4.①on/upon②effective③into④he was greatly affected 5.①down②up③to④It turns out that 6.①up②from③into④out⑤the computer system broke down suddenly 7.①pick up②brought up③making up ④set up branches 多义词汇·自主练透 I.①E②A③B④C⑤D Ⅱ.减轻，缓解换班人 重点句式·多维剖析 l.①that②that③There is no possibility that 2.①after②for③with④in which you not only will make new friends Section B Using language Part 1 Grammar ⊙语法冲关·语言规则全理清 情境导入 1.定语2.动宾 60