精品解析：广东江门市棠下中学2025-2026学年高二下学期4月月考英语试题

江门市棠下中学2025-2026学年第二学期高二年级4月考试 英语试卷 本试卷满分130分，考试时间120分钟。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Age of Exploration was a period when adventurers set out to find new sea routes, a pursuit that fundamentally reshaped humanity’s geographical understanding of the planet. Here are four key figures from different nations whose discoveries had a lasting impact. Meriwether Lewis Leading the Lewis and Clark Expedition (航行) (1804-1806), this American explorer was appointed by President Thomas Jefferson to map the newly acquired Louisiana Territory. His team journeyed from the Mississippi River to the Pacific, documenting new species and establishing relations with Native tribes (部落). This journey opened the American West to settlement, connecting the nation from coast to coast. Ferdinand Magellan Sailing for Spain, this Portuguese explorer organized the first expedition to encircle the globe in 1519. Though he was killed in the Philippines in 1521, one of his ships completed the voyage in 1522. This historic journey proved the world was round, linked the world’s oceans, and revealed the vastness of the Pacific. James Cook This British naval captain led three groundbreaking voyages across the Pacific in the late 18th century. He mapped the eastern coast of Australia, charted New Zealand’s coastline, and explored numerous Pacific islands. Cook’s accurate mappings and scientific observations greatly expanded European knowledge of the Pacific region and established new connections between Europe and the South Pacific. Marco Polo This Venetian trader traveled the Silk Road to China in the 13th century, spending 17 years in Asia. His detailed accounts of Asian cultures, technologies, and wealth introduced Europeans to a previously unknown world. His book, The Travels of Marco Polo, inspired generations of future explorers and helped bridge the cultural divide between the East and the West. 1. What did Lewis’ team document? A. The geography of the Silk Road. B. New species along their journey. C. Cultural customs in ancient China. D. Asian technologies in the 13th century. 2. Which explorer mapped the eastern coast of Australia? A. James Cook. B. Marco Polo. C. Meriwether Lewis D. Ferdinand Magellan. 3. What do the four explorers have in common according to the text? A. They sailed across the Pacific Ocean. B. They completed their planned expeditions. C. Their journeys promoted global connections. D. Their achievements focused on new land mapping. B The technology is great. Without it we wouldn’t have been able to put a man on the moon, explore the ocean’s depths or eat microwave sausages. Computers have revolutionized our lives and they have the power to educate and pass on knowledge. But sometimes this power can create more problems than it solves. Every doctor has had to try their best to calm down patients who’ve come into their surgery waving an Internet print-out, convinced that they have some rare incurable disease, say, throat cancer. The truth is usually far more ordinary, though: they don’t have throat cancer, and it’s just that their throats are swollen. Being a graduate of the Internet “school” of medicine does not guarantee accurate self-health-checks. One day Mrs. Almond came to my hospital after feeling faint at work. While I took her blood sample and tried to find out what was wrong, she said calmly, “I know what’s wrong；I’ve got throat cancer. I know there’s nothing you doctors can do about it and I’ve just got to wait until the day comes.” As a matter of routine I ordered a chest X-ray. I looked at it and the blood results an hour later. Something wasn’t right. “Did your local doctor do an X-ray?” I asked. “Oh, I haven’t been to the doctor for years,” she replied. “I read about it on a website and the symptoms fitted, so I knew that’s what I had.” However, some of her symptoms, like the severe cough and weight loss, didn’t fit with it—but she’d just ignored this. I looked at the X-ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasn’t the cancer but tuberculosis (肺结核)—something that most certainly did need treating, and could be deadly. She was lucky we caught it when we did. Mrs. Almond went pale when I explained she would have to be on treatment for the next six months to ensure that she was fully recovered. It was certainly a lesson for her. “I'm so embarrassed ,” she said, shaking her head, as I explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested. She listed up to about 20, and then I went to my office to type up my notes. Unexpectedly, the computer was not working, so I had to wait until someone from the IT department came to fix it. Typical. Maybe I should have a microwave sausage while I waited? 4. Mrs. Almond talked about her illness calmly because ______. A. she thought she knew it well B. she had purchased medicine online C. she graduated from a medical school D. she had been treated by local doctors 5. It was lucky for Mrs. Almond ______. A. to have contacted many friends B. to have recovered in a short time C. to have her assumption confirmed D. to have her disease identified in time 6. Mrs. Almond said “I’m so embarrassed” (Para. 7) because ______. A. she had distrusted her close friends B. she had caused unnecessary trouble C. she had to refuse the doctor’s advice D. she had to tell the truth to the doctor 7. By mentioning the breakdown of the computer, the author probably wants to prove ______. A. it’s a must to take a break at work B. it’s vital to believe in IT professionals C. it’s unwise to simply rely on technology D. it’s a danger to work long hours on computers C In Myanmar’s Ayeyarwady River, there is a group of Irrawaddy dolphins that are best-known for giving a special signal — a wave of their tail — right before the fishers should cast nets. They even passed this skill on to their babies. “This is a pretty rare phenomenon in terms of human and wildlife cooperation. So, we’re not only conserving on a species level, but also on a cultural level,” says Brian Smith, a river dolphin expert. “It’s a lesson to humanity about our relationship with wildlife.” The Irrawaddy dolphins have another less-known trick: They spit water. It’s not just for fun, though. They use it to drive fish into tight groups so they’re easier to catch. Some scientists even think they might do it to impress a potential mate. The Irrawaddy dolphins are one of the only six species that can live in freshwater. But they can also inhabit coastal waters — a quality shared by even fewer species. Their range includes parts of coastal waters of South and Southeast Asia, as well as three specific rivers: the Mekong in Cambodia, the Mahakam in Indonesia, and the Ayeyarwady in Myanmar. While the species as a whole is listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the populations in these three rivers are considered critically endangered, with fewer than 100 individuals estimated in each. These rivers and coastal areas are often close to intense human activity, so they face serious threats from pollution, habitat loss, coal-carrying ships, and illegal electro-fishing — a practice in which fishers send electric currents through the water to kill fish. Electro-fishing not only dramatically reduces the fish populations that dolphins rely on, but it can also injure or kill the dolphins. “Without urgent action, these cooperative, curious creatures could disappear forever, much like the Yangtze dolphins, which disappeared from China’s waters in 2006, despite conservation efforts, as well as Mexico’s Vaquita dolphins, down to around 10 individuals,” warns Smith. 8. Why do the Irrawaddy dolphins wave their tail? A. To drive away the fishers. B. To ask the fishers to work together. C. To have fun with the fishers. D. To remind the fishers of their presence. 9. What can be learned about the Irrawaddy dolphins from paragraph 4? A. Fewer than 300 of them still exist. B. Their habitat is limited to three rivers. C. They know how to drive fish together. D. They can also survive in coastal waters. 10. What does the author intend to do by mentioning the electro-fishing? A. To call on the government to take action. B. To introduce the latest fishing method. C. To show the threats faced by the dolphins. D. To explain its effects on fish populations. 11. Which is the most critically endangered species? A. The Vaquita dolphins. B. The Yangtze dolphins. C. The Mekong dolphins. D. The Mahakam dolphins. D Kids who are stars seldom grow up to be top achievers, a new study reported in a paper published Thursday in the journal Science. The researchers examined data from nearly 35,000 adults in two dozens of previously published studies and found there was just a 10% overlap (重叠) between child prodigies and high-performing adults, such as Olympic champions, renowned composers, and Nobel prize winners. “There are those young top performers who later become world-class performers at peak performance age,” said Arne Güllich, co - author of the paper. “But these are the exception, not the rule.” The researchers defined peak years as being between ages 20 and 30 for sports and chess, and between ages 40 and 50 for science and music. The findings were consistent across various fields. The new analysis also challenged ideas that excellence comes from hours of specialized early training, or the “10,000-hour rule” popularized by Malcolm Gladwell. The rule suggests that a person needs about 10,000 hours of practice to achieve mastery. “Many people make decisions for themselves or their children based on these ideas, such as starting their child early in a sport or a musical instrument with the goal of producing the next Tiger Woods or Yo-Yo Ma,” said Arne Güllich. “However, our study indicates that adult world-class performers do a range of activities when they were young — with fewer practice hours in their specific discipline but more time in other activities.” Fred Oswald, a psychologist at Rice University who wasn’t involved in the work, said the findings were informative, but the implications for advising individuals are unclear. “However, there’s a key takeaway: Encourage kids to pursue a variety of interests rather than specializing early,” he said. “Evidence suggests that engaging in two additional areas to the main discipline is the sweet spot. So it’s unwise to try as many as possible, like sampling all the instruments in music.” 12. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “prodigies” in paragraph 2? A. Geniuses. B. Caregivers. C. Musicians. D. Trainees. 13. According to Malcolm Gladwell, what is the key to mastering a skill? A. Talent. B. Curiosity. C. Age. D. Exercise. 14. What is a feature of the top-performing adults according to the new study? A. They usually stand out in childhood. B. They often have a variety of interests. C. They enjoy early specialized training. D. They set ambitious goals at an early age. 15. What might Fred Oswald suggest parents do? A. Allow their kids to start specialized training early. B. Put top priority on a couple of music instruments. C. Encourage their kids to select a couple of interests. D. Sign up their kids for as many activities as possible. 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项是多余选项。 The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals. ____16____. Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. Here are some expert-recommended tips that can help you stay on track. ____17____. Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals. Plan your workouts for the week and mark them in your schedule to assure they are a part of your day. Exercise early. ____18____. Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day. Then you can enjoy holiday activities and time with family without worrying about when you’ll have time to exercise. Keep moving. Research shows that getting up for just five minutes every 30 to 60 minutes and performing light activities reduces the risk of heart disease risk factors. Small efforts to get moving can help your overall health during the holidays. In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating. ____19____. Think out of the box. The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity. ____20____ — like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents. A. Plan ahead B. Plan out your route before you go C. Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips D. Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health E. Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations F. Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair G. Rather than skipping the gym altogether, make time for a quick workout 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Natalie and Callie, both 13 years old, started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020. But after realizing the monarchs were an endangered species, their ____21____ soon turned into a serious mission. They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had ____22____ since the early 1990s, due to habitat ____23____ and widespread use of chemicals, which made the milkweeds (马利筋草) that the monarchs ____24____ for their main diet dangerous to eat. So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden ____25____ for the monarchs. The garden grew organic milkweeds that ____26____ and kept the butterflies. To help ____27____ the locals to sustain the monarch population, they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library. They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town, but it ____28____ a lot. To cover the expense, they set up a stand at the Farmers Market to sell their healthy milkweeds for people to ____29____ . Although the fund-raising days were ______30______, they finally succeeded in earning enough money with their hard work and people’s support. The team has won the Silver Award for their ______31______ of taking care of butterflies, but they are not ______32______ with their work. “Our next step is to cut down on the use of ______33______ to guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs,” said Natalie. In the award ceremony, their teacher Brian ______34______, “I am so proud of them for their constant ______35______.” 21. A. habit B. career C. hobby D. motion 22. A. doubled B. declined C. restricted D. restored 23. A. destruction B. assessment C. conservation D. obstruction 24. A. fed to B. owed to C. relied on D. lived in 25. A. frequently B. secretly C. specially D. manually 26. A. protected B. attracted C. tolerated D. trapped 27. A. educate B. employ C. drill D. justify 28. A. spent B. cost C. criticized D. underwent 29. A. reward B. dominate C. digest D. plant 30. A. long B. pleasing C. worth D. chaos 31. A. ecology B. implement C. project D. assignment 32. A. submitted B. stressed out C. worn out D. finished 33. A. emission B. chemicals C. fossil fuel D. funds 34. A. quoted B. replied C. commented D. recommended 35. A. efforts B. offers C. effect D. affect 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 In Chinese art history, Qi Baishi ranks ____36____ a towering figure. His unusual and playful style opened up a new vista in the imagery of traditional Chinese painting, and has left a rich legacy still widely ____37____ (recognize) in modern society. Lifelike shrimps play a key role in Qi’s vast body of visual artworks. The “shrimps” are so popular ____38____ they have become synonymous with the painter himself. Unlike his predecessors, Qi Baishi painted shrimps in a subjective style with swift and definite brushstrokes. He used different shades of ink ____39____ (model) the shrimp’s torso (躯干) and head. These shrimps are not just passive subject matter; rather they are asserting their presence. Qi was an all-round and influential artist. Born into a family of farmers in Hunan in 1864, he learned carpentry in his teens, and later taught ____40____ (he) the arts of painting, poetry, calligraphy and seal cutting. The years spent in rural areas aroused his deep-rooted love of nature. During his youth, he traveled around the country to seek ____41____ (inspire) from nature while ____42____ (enthusiastic) studying the masterpieces of early Chinese painters. Qi ____43____ (settle) in Beijing in 1919 and soon achieved a wide reputation in the Chinese capital. Qi Baishi opened ____44____ new window for the fine art world. He ____45____ (award) the title of “People’s Artist” in 1953. 第三节 单句填空（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 46. You can r________ on him to help you solve the problem, for he is always responsible and reliable. （根据首字母单词拼写） 47. The boy returned the lost wallet to its owner, and he refused to accept any r________ for his kindness. （根据首字母单词拼写） 48. If you want to improve your English, you should practice speaking ________ (频繁地) instead of only before exams. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. According to the new policy, factories that r________ too many harmful emissions will be fined. （根据首字母单词拼写） 50. After walking for hours in the mountains without eating anything, we were absolutely s________ and could hardly move any further. （根据首字母单词拼写） 51. After a long week of busy study, many students choose to go outdoors to relax and get ________ (使恢复精力). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. Nowadays, online learning has become a popular ________ (趋势) among high school students. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 第四节 完成句子（共4小题，每小题2分，满分8分） 根据中文意思完成下列句子。 53. Under public pressure, the advertising company ________ (为……道歉) the wrong information in the ad. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 54. There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to ________ (让我们振作). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 55. In order to ease the heavy traffic, the committee has ________ (做出决定) to pass an Act to build a new railway. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 56. ________ (正是真诚的关心) taught us to face adversity bravely. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 57. 你校校报的英文专栏为宣传世界地球日（4月22日），邀请你写一篇关于环境问题的调查报告。 内容包括：（1）地球面临的问题； （2）呼吁采取行动。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写（共1小题；满分25分） 58. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一段完整的短文。 A Perfect Friendship The shining sun reflected in the flowing stream as it journeyed through the beautiful Wonderland. In the middle of the rolling field, sat a young boy called George. He laid out a picnic to share with his best friend Jack. George was buzzing with excitement. “I’ve brought extra Jaffa cakes just for you Jack,” he called out, knowing that Jack would wolf them down (狼吞虎咽) in a second. George didn’t look like all the other boys, so no one wanted to be friends with him. No one, that was, except for Jack. Jack knew that George was a true friend, he was kind, creative, brave, funny and had the most incredible imagination. Jack didn’t judge him by his looks, only by who he was inside and that was why they had a perfect friendship. They spent many days together in the Heavens, climbing up trees and splashing (泼水嬉戏) through the stream. The wood was full of adventure, always offering new things to find and explore. Their imaginations ran freely as they battled giants and evil monkeys. As the boys splashed each other in the stream, George wished that the water would wash away his scars. They weren’t just physical scars, they were the scars (疤痕) that hurt so deeply inside. The years of teasing had built up inside him, but as he looked at Jack, the pain eased off. Finally, there was someone that could look beyond his imperfections and really understand him. Sometimes, the cool kids would wander around the Wonderland and start laughing at George, “freak!”, “glad, I don’t look like you!”, “monster!” “More like ‘cruel kids!” George sighed sadly. Luckily, he had Jack by his side, a comfort that he wasn’t alone. “Don’t take any notice of them”, Jack always encouraged him, “It’s not their fault that they can’t see the real you.” Jack and George’s favourite swing was an old tyre (轮胎) hanging on a tall oak tree (橡树). They would soar (高飞) towards the clouds, always competing to see who could go the highest. Now there was the swinging competition. Many kids were gathering around the oak, arguing about who could set the new record for the highest swing. Jack patted on George’s shoulder, saying, “come on, boy. Let’s join in the competition. We can do it just as usual!” 注意：续写词数应为150左右；请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答， Paragraph 1: However, hearing these words, George just turned and fled quickly. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Jack accompanied George to move up to the oak tree. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江门市棠下中学2025-2026学年第二学期高二年级4月考试 英语试卷 本试卷满分130分，考试时间120分钟。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Age of Exploration was a period when adventurers set out to find new sea routes, a pursuit that fundamentally reshaped humanity’s geographical understanding of the planet. Here are four key figures from different nations whose discoveries had a lasting impact. Meriwether Lewis Leading the Lewis and Clark Expedition (航行) (1804-1806), this American explorer was appointed by President Thomas Jefferson to map the newly acquired Louisiana Territory. His team journeyed from the Mississippi River to the Pacific, documenting new species and establishing relations with Native tribes (部落). This journey opened the American West to settlement, connecting the nation from coast to coast. Ferdinand Magellan Sailing for Spain, this Portuguese explorer organized the first expedition to encircle the globe in 1519. Though he was killed in the Philippines in 1521, one of his ships completed the voyage in 1522. This historic journey proved the world was round, linked the world’s oceans, and revealed the vastness of the Pacific. James Cook This British naval captain led three groundbreaking voyages across the Pacific in the late 18th century. He mapped the eastern coast of Australia, charted New Zealand’s coastline, and explored numerous Pacific islands. Cook’s accurate mappings and scientific observations greatly expanded European knowledge of the Pacific region and established new connections between Europe and the South Pacific. Marco Polo This Venetian trader traveled the Silk Road to China in the 13th century, spending 17 years in Asia. His detailed accounts of Asian cultures, technologies, and wealth introduced Europeans to a previously unknown world. His book, The Travels of Marco Polo, inspired generations of future explorers and helped bridge the cultural divide between the East and the West. 1. What did Lewis’ team document? A. The geography of the Silk Road. B. New species along their journey. C. Cultural customs in ancient China. D. Asian technologies in the 13th century. 2. Which explorer mapped the eastern coast of Australia? A. James Cook. B. Marco Polo. C. Meriwether Lewis D. Ferdinand Magellan. 3. What do the four explorers have in common according to the text? A. They sailed across the Pacific Ocean. B. They completed their planned expeditions. C. Their journeys promoted global connections. D. Their achievements focused on new land mapping. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍大航海时代四位探险家的探险事迹及对人类地理认知的深远影响。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His team journeyed from the Mississippi River to the Pacific, documenting new species and establishing relations with Native tribes.(他的团队从密西西比河航行至太平洋，记录新物种并与原住民部落建立联系。)”可知，刘易斯的团队记录了沿途的新物种。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“He mapped the eastern coast of Australia, charted New Zealand’s coastline, and explored numerous Pacific islands.(他绘制了澳大利亚东海岸地图，标注了新西兰海岸线，并探索了众多太平洋岛屿。)”可知，绘制澳大利亚东海岸地图的探险家是詹姆斯·库克。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“This journey opened the American West to settlement, connecting the nation from coast to coast.(这次旅程开拓了美国西部的定居点，将这个国家从东海岸到西海岸连接起来)”、第三段“This historic journey proved the world was round, linked the world’s oceans(这次历史性的旅程证明了地球是圆的，连接了世界各大洋)”、第四段“Cook’s accurate mappings and scientific observations greatly expanded European knowledge of the Pacific region and established new connections between Europe and the South Pacific.(库克精确的地图绘制和科学观察极大地拓展了欧洲人对太平洋地区的认知，并在欧洲与南太平洋之间建立了新的联系)”和第五段“His book, The Travels of Marco Polo, inspired generations of future explorers and helped bridge the cultural divide between the East and the West.(他的著作《马可·波罗游记》激励了一代又一代未来的探险家，并有助于弥合东西方之间的文化鸿沟)”可知，四位探险家的共同之处是他们的旅程都促进了全球范围内的联系。故选C项。 B The technology is great. Without it we wouldn’t have been able to put a man on the moon, explore the ocean’s depths or eat microwave sausages. Computers have revolutionized our lives and they have the power to educate and pass on knowledge. But sometimes this power can create more problems than it solves. Every doctor has had to try their best to calm down patients who’ve come into their surgery waving an Internet print-out, convinced that they have some rare incurable disease, say, throat cancer. The truth is usually far more ordinary, though: they don’t have throat cancer, and it’s just that their throats are swollen. Being a graduate of the Internet “school” of medicine does not guarantee accurate self-health-checks. One day Mrs. Almond came to my hospital after feeling faint at work. While I took her blood sample and tried to find out what was wrong, she said calmly, “I know what’s wrong；I’ve got throat cancer. I know there’s nothing you doctors can do about it and I’ve just got to wait until the day comes.” As a matter of routine I ordered a chest X-ray. I looked at it and the blood results an hour later. Something wasn’t right. “Did your local doctor do an X-ray?” I asked. “Oh, I haven’t been to the doctor for years,” she replied. “I read about it on a website and the symptoms fitted, so I knew that’s what I had.” However, some of her symptoms, like the severe cough and weight loss, didn’t fit with it—but she’d just ignored this. I looked at the X-ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasn’t the cancer but tuberculosis (肺结核)—something that most certainly did need treating, and could be deadly. She was lucky we caught it when we did. Mrs. Almond went pale when I explained she would have to be on treatment for the next six months to ensure that she was fully recovered. It was certainly a lesson for her. “I'm so embarrassed ,” she said, shaking her head, as I explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested. She listed up to about 20, and then I went to my office to type up my notes. Unexpectedly, the computer was not working, so I had to wait until someone from the IT department came to fix it. Typical. Maybe I should have a microwave sausage while I waited? 4. Mrs. Almond talked about her illness calmly because ______. A. she thought she knew it well B. she had purchased medicine online C. she graduated from a medical school D. she had been treated by local doctors 5. It was lucky for Mrs. Almond ______. A. to have contacted many friends B. to have recovered in a short time C. to have her assumption confirmed D. to have her disease identified in time 6. Mrs. Almond said “I’m so embarrassed” (Para. 7) because ______. A. she had distrusted her close friends B. she had caused unnecessary trouble C. she had to refuse the doctor’s advice D. she had to tell the truth to the doctor 7. By mentioning the breakdown of the computer, the author probably wants to prove ______. A. it’s a must to take a break at work B. it’s vital to believe in IT professionals C. it’s unwise to simply rely on technology D. it’s a danger to work long hours on computers 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。Mrs. Almond 通过网上技术，她自认为得了喉癌，而实际上是肺结核。所以得出的结论是我们不能单一的依赖技术。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I know what’s wrong；I’ve got throat cancer. I know there’s nothing you doctors can do about it and I’ve just got to wait until the day comes.（我知道怎么了，我得了喉癌。我知道你们这些医生对此无能为力，我只能等待那一天的到来）”可知，阿尔蒙德太太平静地谈论她的病情，因为她对自己的病十分了解。故选A项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第六段第一句“I looked at the X-ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasn’t the cancer but tuberculosis—something that most certainly did need treating, and could be deadly.（我又看了看x光片，更多的检查证实不是癌症，而是肺结核，需要治疗，可能是致命的）”可知， Mrs. Almond 的病及时得到确证，所以是幸运的。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据四五六段的意思，特别是第五段“I looked at the X-ray again, and more tests confirmed it wasn’t the cancer but tuberculosis （我又看了看x光片，更多的检查证实不是癌症，而是肺结核）”可知，Mrs. Almond 她自认为得了喉癌，而实际上是肺结核，医生为了确认病情，不得不作了一些有关喉癌的检查。所以让医生做了一些不必要的事，多忙活了一会儿。而自己深感尴尬。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中Mrs. Almond 通过网上技术，她自认为得了喉癌，而实际上是肺结核。以及文章最后一段“shaking her head, as I explained that all the people she had come into close contact with would have to be found out and tested.（我向她解释说，必须找出所有与她有过密切接触的人，并对他们进行检测）”再结合“Unexpectedly, the computer was not working, so I had to wait until someone from the IT department came to fix it. ”（出乎意料的是，电脑坏了，所以我不得不等到IT部门的人来修理它）可知，通过提及电脑的故障，作者可能想证明单纯依靠技术是不明智的。故选C项。 C In Myanmar’s Ayeyarwady River, there is a group of Irrawaddy dolphins that are best-known for giving a special signal — a wave of their tail — right before the fishers should cast nets. They even passed this skill on to their babies. “This is a pretty rare phenomenon in terms of human and wildlife cooperation. So, we’re not only conserving on a species level, but also on a cultural level,” says Brian Smith, a river dolphin expert. “It’s a lesson to humanity about our relationship with wildlife.” The Irrawaddy dolphins have another less-known trick: They spit water. It’s not just for fun, though. They use it to drive fish into tight groups so they’re easier to catch. Some scientists even think they might do it to impress a potential mate. The Irrawaddy dolphins are one of the only six species that can live in freshwater. But they can also inhabit coastal waters — a quality shared by even fewer species. Their range includes parts of coastal waters of South and Southeast Asia, as well as three specific rivers: the Mekong in Cambodia, the Mahakam in Indonesia, and the Ayeyarwady in Myanmar. While the species as a whole is listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the populations in these three rivers are considered critically endangered, with fewer than 100 individuals estimated in each. These rivers and coastal areas are often close to intense human activity, so they face serious threats from pollution, habitat loss, coal-carrying ships, and illegal electro-fishing — a practice in which fishers send electric currents through the water to kill fish. Electro-fishing not only dramatically reduces the fish populations that dolphins rely on, but it can also injure or kill the dolphins. “Without urgent action, these cooperative, curious creatures could disappear forever, much like the Yangtze dolphins, which disappeared from China’s waters in 2006, despite conservation efforts, as well as Mexico’s Vaquita dolphins, down to around 10 individuals,” warns Smith. 8. Why do the Irrawaddy dolphins wave their tail? A. To drive away the fishers. B. To ask the fishers to work together. C. To have fun with the fishers. D. To remind the fishers of their presence. 9. What can be learned about the Irrawaddy dolphins from paragraph 4? A. Fewer than 300 of them still exist. B. Their habitat is limited to three rivers. C. They know how to drive fish together. D. They can also survive in coastal waters. 10. What does the author intend to do by mentioning the electro-fishing? A. To call on the government to take action. B. To introduce the latest fishing method. C. To show the threats faced by the dolphins. D. To explain its effects on fish populations. 11. Which is the most critically endangered species? A. The Vaquita dolphins. B. The Yangtze dolphins. C. The Mekong dolphins. D. The Mahakam dolphins. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍伊洛瓦底江海豚的独特习性、栖息地范围，以及它们面临的生存威胁和濒危现状。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In Myanmar’s Ayeyarwady River, there is a group of Irrawaddy dolphins that are best-known for giving a special signal — a wave of their tail — right before the fishers should cast nets.(在缅甸的伊洛瓦底江，有一群伊洛瓦底江海豚，它们最出名的是在渔民应该撒网之前发出一个特殊的信号 —— 摇尾巴)”可知，伊洛瓦底江海豚摇尾巴是为了提醒渔民可以撒网，也就是示意渔民开始工作、配合渔民捕鱼。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The Irrawaddy dolphins are one of the only six species that can live in freshwater. But they can also inhabit coastal waters — a quality shared by even fewer species.(伊洛瓦底江海豚是仅有的六种能在淡水中生活的物种之一。但它们也能栖息在沿海水域 —— 这是更少物种拥有的特性)”可知，伊洛瓦底江海豚也能在沿海水域生存。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“These rivers and coastal areas are often close to intense human activity, so they face serious threats from pollution, habitat loss, coal-carrying ships, and illegal electro-fishing(这些河流和沿海地区通常靠近密集的人类活动，因此它们面临着来自污染、栖息地丧失、运煤船和非法电鱼的严重威胁)”可知，作者提到非法电鱼，是为了说明伊洛瓦底江海豚面临的生存威胁。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Without urgent action, these cooperative, curious creatures could disappear forever, much like the Yangtze dolphins, which disappeared from China’s waters in 2006, despite conservation efforts, as well as Mexico’s Vaquita dolphins, down to around 10 individuals,” warns Smith.(史密斯警告说：“如果不采取紧急行动，这些懂得合作、充满好奇心的生物可能会永远消失。就像白鱀豚，尽管人们努力保护，却还是在2006年从中国水域消失；墨西哥的小头鼠海豚如今也仅存约10只。”)”以及第四段中的“the populations in these three rivers are considered critically endangered, with fewer than 100 individuals estimated in each(这三条河流中的种群被认为是极度濒危的，每条河估计不足100只)”可推断，小头鼠海豚（Vaquita dolphins）数量最少，是最濒危的物种。故选A项。 D Kids who are stars seldom grow up to be top achievers, a new study reported in a paper published Thursday in the journal Science. The researchers examined data from nearly 35,000 adults in two dozens of previously published studies and found there was just a 10% overlap (重叠) between child prodigies and high-performing adults, such as Olympic champions, renowned composers, and Nobel prize winners. “There are those young top performers who later become world-class performers at peak performance age,” said Arne Güllich, co - author of the paper. “But these are the exception, not the rule.” The researchers defined peak years as being between ages 20 and 30 for sports and chess, and between ages 40 and 50 for science and music. The findings were consistent across various fields. The new analysis also challenged ideas that excellence comes from hours of specialized early training, or the “10,000-hour rule” popularized by Malcolm Gladwell. The rule suggests that a person needs about 10,000 hours of practice to achieve mastery. “Many people make decisions for themselves or their children based on these ideas, such as starting their child early in a sport or a musical instrument with the goal of producing the next Tiger Woods or Yo-Yo Ma,” said Arne Güllich. “However, our study indicates that adult world-class performers do a range of activities when they were young — with fewer practice hours in their specific discipline but more time in other activities.” Fred Oswald, a psychologist at Rice University who wasn’t involved in the work, said the findings were informative, but the implications for advising individuals are unclear. “However, there’s a key takeaway: Encourage kids to pursue a variety of interests rather than specializing early,” he said. “Evidence suggests that engaging in two additional areas to the main discipline is the sweet spot. So it’s unwise to try as many as possible, like sampling all the instruments in music.” 12. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “prodigies” in paragraph 2? A. Geniuses. B. Caregivers. C. Musicians. D. Trainees. 13. According to Malcolm Gladwell, what is the key to mastering a skill? A. Talent. B. Curiosity. C. Age. D. Exercise. 14. What is a feature of the top-performing adults according to the new study? A. They usually stand out in childhood. B. They often have a variety of interests. C. They enjoy early specialized training. D. They set ambitious goals at an early age. 15. What might Fred Oswald suggest parents do? A. Allow their kids to start specialized training early. B. Put top priority on a couple of music instruments. C. Encourage their kids to select a couple of interests. D. Sign up their kids for as many activities as possible. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新研究称，年少成名的孩子长大后很少能成为顶尖成就者，新研究还对“一万小时定律”提出质疑，并给出相关建议。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“The researchers examined data from nearly 35,000 adults in two dozens of previously published studies and found there was just a 10% overlap (重叠) between child prodigies and high-performing adults, such as Olympic champions, renowned composers, and Nobel prize winners.(研究人员检查了此前发表的几十项研究中近3.5万名成年人的数据，发现儿童prodigies与奥运冠军、著名作曲家和诺贝尔奖获得者等高成就成年人之间的重叠率仅为10%)”可知，“prodigies”指的是年少有为、天赋异禀的孩子，与“geniuses(天才)”意思相近。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“The new analysis also challenged ideas that excellence comes from hours of specialized early training, or the “10,000-hour rule” popularized by Malcolm Gladwell. The rule suggests that a person needs about 10,000 hours of practice to achieve mastery.(这项新分析还对优秀源于长时间的专业早期训练，或马尔科姆·格拉德威尔所推广的“一万小时定律”提出了质疑。该定律认为，一个人需要大约1万小时的练习才能达到精通)”可知，马尔科姆·格拉德威尔认为掌握技能的关键是练习。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中“However, our study indicates that adult world-class performers do a range of activities when they were young — with fewer practice hours in their specific discipline but more time in other activities.(然而，我们的研究表明，成年世界级表演者年轻时会做各种活动——在特定学科上的练习时间较少，但在其他活动上的时间较多)”可知，根据这项新研究，高成就成年人的一个特点是他们通常兴趣广泛。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““However, there’s a key takeaway: Encourage kids to pursue a variety of interests rather than specializing early,” he said. “Evidence suggests that engaging in two additional areas to the main discipline is the sweet spot. So it’s unwise to try as many as possible, like sampling all the instruments in music.”(“不过，有一点至关重要：要鼓励孩子们广泛发展各种兴趣，而非过早地专注于某一项，”他说道。“有证据表明，在主修学科的基础上再涉足另外两个领域才是最佳选择。所以，盲目地尝试尽可能多的领域是不明智的，就像尝试学习所有音乐乐器那样。”)”可推知，弗雷德·奥斯瓦尔德可能会建议父母鼓励孩子选择一些兴趣。故选C。 第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项是多余选项。 The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals. ____16____. Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. Here are some expert-recommended tips that can help you stay on track. ____17____. Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals. Plan your workouts for the week and mark them in your schedule to assure they are a part of your day. Exercise early. ____18____. Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day. Then you can enjoy holiday activities and time with family without worrying about when you’ll have time to exercise. Keep moving. Research shows that getting up for just five minutes every 30 to 60 minutes and performing light activities reduces the risk of heart disease risk factors. Small efforts to get moving can help your overall health during the holidays. In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating. ____19____. Think out of the box. The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity. ____20____ — like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents. A. Plan ahead B. Plan out your route before you go C. Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips D. Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health E. Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations F. Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair G. Rather than skipping the gym altogether, make time for a quick workout 【答案】16. E 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了就算在假期很难坚持自己健身计划时，也能帮助自己保持状态的四个方法。 【16题详解】 前文提到“The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals.”（假期可能是一段很难坚持健身目标的时间。）以及后文提到“Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. ”（即使是最自律的人也很难在假期坚持自己的健身计划。）由此判断，该段提到在假期期间坚持健身计划很难，E项“Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations”（你的日程表将被家庭聚会和庆祝活动填满。）该项提到了假期会因为一些活动而影响自己的健身计划。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选E。 【17题详解】 该空处需选择段落小标题。该段提到“Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals.”（计划是确保你不会迷失目标的最好方法。）该段提到如果做好计划的话就可以保证假期内能够正常进行健身锻炼。A项“Plan ahead”（提前计划）该项提到了提前做好计划，引出后文中提前做好计划的好处。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选A。 【18题详解】 该段小标题提到“Exercise early”（早点锻炼）以及后文提到“Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day.”（确保在早上锻炼，这样你就会为高效的一天做好准备。）由此判断，该段提到了在早上锻炼的好处，因此该段段首句应该提到早上锻炼是非常重要的。C项“Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips”（早上锻炼是最重要的建议之一。）该项提到了早上锻炼是这几项建议中最重要的。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选C。 【19题详解】 前文提到“In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating.”（除了保持活跃，尽量避免长时间坐着，比如在看足球比赛或吃饭的时候。）该段提到了如果要保持健身计划的话就要避免长期坐着。D项提到“Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health”（记住：久坐对你的健康有害。）该项提到了长时间坐着对于健康的伤害。该项符合文意，起到总结上文的作用。故选D。 【20题详解】 前文提到“The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity.”（假期是忙碌的，但当涉及到体育锻炼时，你要尽你最大的努力避免“要么全部要么没有”的心态。），以及后文提到“—like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents.”（比如在打开圣诞礼物前全家在附近散步。）该段提到可以抓住一切机会来进行运动，F项“Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair”（创造性地锻炼身体，让体育活动成为一项家庭活动）该项提到哪怕只是家庭一起进行的活动也能成为锻炼身体的好机会，同时该项也满足该段小标题“Think out of the box”（跳出思维定式）的段落大意。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Natalie and Callie, both 13 years old, started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020. But after realizing the monarchs were an endangered species, their ____21____ soon turned into a serious mission. They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had ____22____ since the early 1990s, due to habitat ____23____ and widespread use of chemicals, which made the milkweeds (马利筋草) that the monarchs ____24____ for their main diet dangerous to eat. So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden ____25____ for the monarchs. The garden grew organic milkweeds that ____26____ and kept the butterflies. To help ____27____ the locals to sustain the monarch population, they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library. They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town, but it ____28____ a lot. To cover the expense, they set up a stand at the Farmers Market to sell their healthy milkweeds for people to ____29____ . Although the fund-raising days were ______30______, they finally succeeded in earning enough money with their hard work and people’s support. The team has won the Silver Award for their ______31______ of taking care of butterflies, but they are not ______32______ with their work. “Our next step is to cut down on the use of ______33______ to guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs,” said Natalie. In the award ceremony, their teacher Brian ______34______, “I am so proud of them for their constant ______35______.” 21. A. habit B. career C. hobby D. motion 22. A. doubled B. declined C. restricted D. restored 23. A. destruction B. assessment C. conservation D. obstruction 24. A. fed to B. owed to C. relied on D. lived in 25. A. frequently B. secretly C. specially D. manually 26. A. protected B. attracted C. tolerated D. trapped 27. A. educate B. employ C. drill D. justify 28. A. spent B. cost C. criticized D. underwent 29. A. reward B. dominate C. digest D. plant 30. A. long B. pleasing C. worth D. chaos 31. A. ecology B. implement C. project D. assignment 32. A. submitted B. stressed out C. worn out D. finished 33. A. emission B. chemicals C. fossil fuel D. funds 34. A. quoted B. replied C. commented D. recommended 35. A. efforts B. offers C. effect D. affect 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个13岁的女孩娜塔莉和卡莉从养帝王蝶的爱好到致力于保护帝王蝶的故事，她们的项目最终获奖且受到好评。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在意识到帝王蝶是濒危物种后，她们的爱好很快变成了一项严肃的任务。A. habit习惯；B. career事业；C. hobby业余爱好；D. motion行动。根据上文中的“Natalie and Callie, both 13 years old, started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020.” 可知，娜塔莉和卡莉开始养帝王蝶是一种爱好，结合“But after realizing the monarchs were an endangered species”可知，在她们了解到帝王蝶濒危现状，她们的“爱好”很快就变成了一项严肃的保护任务。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们了解到，由于栖息地遭到破坏和化学品的广泛使用，使得帝王蝶赖以为生的主要食物马利筋草变得危险，自20世纪90年代初以来，帝王蝶的数量已经下降。A. doubled加倍；B. declined下降，减少；C. restricted限制；D. restored修复。根据下文中的“due to habitat ____3___ and widespread use of chemicals, which made the milkweeds ( 马利筋草 ) that the monarchs____4___ for their main diet dangerous to eat.”可知，栖息地遭到破坏以及化学品的广泛使用使得帝王蝶赖以为生的主要食物马利筋草变得危险，这使帝王蝶数量减少。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们了解到，由于栖息地遭到破坏和化学品的广泛使用，使得帝王蝶赖以为生的主要食物马利筋草变得危险，自20世纪90年代初以来，帝王蝶的数量已经下降。A. destruction破坏；B. assessment估计；C. conservation保护；D. obstruction障碍。根据下文中的“and widespread use of chemicals”可知，此处应讲述的是对帝王蝶不利的因素，由此可推断，此处指的是栖息地的“破坏”符合语境。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她们了解到，由于栖息地遭到破坏和化学品的广泛使用，使得帝王蝶赖以为生的主要食物马利筋草变得危险，自20世纪90年代初以来，帝王蝶的数量已经下降。A. fed to喂给；B. owed to归因于；C. relied on依赖，依靠；D. lived in居住。根据下文中的“for their main diet dangerous to eat.”可知，帝王蝶的主要食物变得危险，由此可推断，此处指的是帝王蝶“依赖”的主食是马利筋草。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，女孩们与一个国家非营利组织合作，专门为帝王蝶种植了一个本土花园。A. frequently频繁地；B. secretly秘密地；C. specially特别地；D. manually手工地。根据下文的“The garden grew organic milkweeds”可知，这个本土花园里种植的是帝王蝶的主要食物马利筋草，由此可推断，此处指的是“专门”为帝王蝶种植的本土花园。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：花园里种了有机马利筋草，吸引并留住了蝴蝶。A. protected保护；B. attracted吸引；C. tolerated忍受；D. trapped围困。根据上文中的“which made the milkweeds (马利筋草) that the monarchs ____4____ for their main diet dangerous to eat.”可知，帝王蝶的主要食物是马利筋草，由此可知，本地花园里的有机马利筋草会“吸引”并留住帝王蝶。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助教育当地人维持帝王蝶的数量，她们在当地图书馆举办了一个关于帝王蝶的展览。A. educate教育；B. employ雇佣；C. drill操练；D. justify使公正。根据下文中的“they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library.”以及“They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town”可知，她们在图书馆举行帝王蝶的展览，并且还想在镇上挂上有教育意义的标牌，由此可知，她们举办关于帝王蝶展览的目的是“教育”当地人保护帝王蝶。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们还想在镇上挂一个教育标志，但花了很多钱。A. spent花费，度过；B. cost花费，需付费；C. criticized批评；D. underwent经历。根据下文中的“To cover the expense, they set up a stand at the Farmers Market to sell their healthy milkweeds for people to ____9____ .”可知，为了支付挂教有教育意义的标牌的费用，她们设立了一个摊位来挣钱，由此可知，此处指的是“花费”很大，spend的主语应是人，所以不能 spend。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了支付费用，她们在农贸市场设立了一个摊位，出售她们的健康马利筋草供人们种植。A. reward奖励；B. dominate支配；C. digest消化；D. plant种植。根据常识和上文中的“they set up a stand at the Farmers Market to sell their healthy milkweeds for people”可知，她们摆摊是为了卖健康的马利筋草供人们“种植”符合语境。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：虽然筹款的日子很长，但在她们的努力和人们的支持下，她们终于成功地赚到了足够的钱。A. long长的；B. pleasing令人愉悦的；C. worth价值，值得的；D. chaos混乱。根据上文中的“they finally succeeded in earning enough money with their hard work and people’s support.”可知，她们最终努力赚到了足够的钱，由此可推断，她们筹款的日子应该是“漫长的”符合语境。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：该团队因照顾蝴蝶的项目获得了银奖，但她们的工作还没有完成。A. ecology生态学；B. implement工具，器具；C. project工程，项目；D. assignment任务。根据上文中的“So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden ____5____ for the monarchs.”可知，女孩们与一个国家非营利组织合作，专门为帝王蝶建立了一个本地花园，由此可推断，此处指的是该团队因照顾帝王蝶“项目”而获奖。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词和动词短语词义辨析。句意：该团队因照顾蝴蝶的项目获得了银奖，但她们的工作还没有完成。A. submitted提交；B. stressed out使心力交瘁；C. worn out使筋疲力尽；D. finished完成。根据下文中的“Our next step is to cut down on the use of ____13____ to guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs”可知，她们还有保护帝王蝶的下一步计划，说明她们保护帝王蝶的工作尚未“完成”。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词及名词短语词义辨析。句意：娜塔莉说：“我们的下一步是减少化学物质的使用，以保证君主的安全环境。”A. emission释放；B. chemicals化学物质；C. fossil fuel化石燃料；D. funds基金。根据上文中的“They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had ____2____ since the early 1990s, due to habitat ____3____ and widespread use of chemicals”可知，由于滥用化学物质导致帝王蝶数量减少，由此可推断，此处指的是减少“化学物质”的使用。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，她们的老师Brian评论道：“我为她们的不懈努力感到骄傲。”A. quoted引用；B. replied回复；C. commented评论；D. recommended推荐。根据下文中的“I am so proud of them for their constant ____15____ .”可知，此处为Brian老师对她们保护帝王蝶而获奖这一事情的“评论”。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词及动词词义辨析。句意：在颁奖典礼上，她们的老师Brian评论道：“我为她们的不懈努力感到骄傲。”A. efforts努力；B. offers提供；C. effect影响；D. affect影响。根据上文中的“So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden ____5____ for the monarchs.”以及“To help ____7____ the locals to sustain the monarch population, they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library. They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town, but it ____8____ a lot.”可知，女孩们为了保护帝王蝶不仅给帝王蝶种食物，做保护帝王蝶的宣传活动等，她们在为保护帝王蝶做出很多努力，由此可推断，此处指的是老师为她们不断的“努力”感到骄傲。故选A项。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 In Chinese art history, Qi Baishi ranks ____36____ a towering figure. His unusual and playful style opened up a new vista in the imagery of traditional Chinese painting, and has left a rich legacy still widely ____37____ (recognize) in modern society. Lifelike shrimps play a key role in Qi’s vast body of visual artworks. The “shrimps” are so popular ____38____ they have become synonymous with the painter himself. Unlike his predecessors, Qi Baishi painted shrimps in a subjective style with swift and definite brushstrokes. He used different shades of ink ____39____ (model) the shrimp’s torso (躯干) and head. These shrimps are not just passive subject matter; rather they are asserting their presence. Qi was an all-round and influential artist. Born into a family of farmers in Hunan in 1864, he learned carpentry in his teens, and later taught ____40____ (he) the arts of painting, poetry, calligraphy and seal cutting. The years spent in rural areas aroused his deep-rooted love of nature. During his youth, he traveled around the country to seek ____41____ (inspire) from nature while ____42____ (enthusiastic) studying the masterpieces of early Chinese painters. Qi ____43____ (settle) in Beijing in 1919 and soon achieved a wide reputation in the Chinese capital. Qi Baishi opened ____44____ new window for the fine art world. He ____45____ (award) the title of “People’s Artist” in 1953. 【答案】36. as 37. recognized 38. that 39. to model 40. himself 41. inspiration 42. enthusiastically 43. settled 44. a 45. was awarded 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国艺术史上的巨匠齐白石及其艺术风格、成长经历和艺术成就。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：在中国艺术史上，齐白石是一位举足轻重的人物。rank as为固定搭配，意为“被列为；算作”，故填as。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他独特而诙谐的风格为中国传统绘画的意象开辟了新的视野，并留下了丰富的遗产，在现代社会仍被广泛认可。句中已有谓语动词opened和has left，此处需用非谓语动词，legacy与recognize之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填recognized。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：这些“虾”非常受欢迎，以至于它们已经成为这位画家本人的代名词。so...that...为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，故填that。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他用不同深浅的墨来塑造虾的躯干和头部。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“用某物做某事”，此处需用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to model。 【40题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：1864年，他出生于湖南一个农民家庭，十几岁时学习木工，后来自学绘画、诗歌、书法和篆刻艺术。teach oneself为固定搭配，意为“自学”，主语为he，对应的反身代词为himself，故填himself。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：年轻时，他游历全国，从自然中寻求灵感，同时热情地研究中国早期画家的杰作。seek为及物动词，后接名词作宾语，inspire的名词形式为inspiration，意为“灵感”，为不可数名词，故填inspiration。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：年轻时，他游历全国，从自然中寻求灵感，同时热情地研究中国早期画家的杰作。此处需用副词修饰动词studying，enthusiastic的副词形式为enthusiastically，意为“热情地”，故填enthusiastically。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：齐白石于1919年定居北京，并很快在北京获得了广泛的声誉。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in 1919可知，此处描述的是过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，settle的过去式为settled，故填settled。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：齐白石为艺术界打开了一扇新的窗户。window为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，此处表示“一扇新的窗户”，为泛指，且new是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a，故填a。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：1953年，他被授予“人民艺术家”的称号。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in 1953可知，此处用一般过去时；主语He与award之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为He，be动词用was，故填was awarded。 第三节 单句填空（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分） 46. You can r________ on him to help you solve the problem, for he is always responsible and reliable. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】rely##ely 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：你可以依靠他帮你解决这个问题，因为他总是很负责且可靠。情态动词can后接动词原形，结合句意和首字母可知，动词rely“依靠”符合题意，rely on sb. to do sth.“依靠某人做某事”是固定搭配。故填rely。 47. The boy returned the lost wallet to its owner, and he refused to accept any r________ for his kindness. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】reward##eward 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个男孩把遗失的钱包还给了失主，并且拒绝接受任何给他善举的报酬。空处作动词accept的宾语，结合句意和首字母提示可知，名词reward“报酬”符合题意。故填reward。 48. If you want to improve your English, you should practice speaking ________ (频繁地) instead of only before exams. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】frequently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：如果你想提高英语水平，就应该经常练习口语，而不要只是在考试前才进行练习。根据汉语提示可知用副词frequently，修饰practice speaking。故填frequently。 49. According to the new policy, factories that r________ too many harmful emissions will be fined. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】release##elease 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：根据新政策，排放过多有害污染物的工厂将被处以罚款。空处作从句谓语，结合句意和首字母提示可知，动词release“释放，排放”符合题意，句子陈述政策内容，应用一般现在时，that指代先行词factories，为复数意义，谓语动词用复数。故填release。 50. After walking for hours in the mountains without eating anything, we were absolutely s________ and could hardly move any further. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】starving##tarving 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在山里走了好几个小时没吃东西，我们饿得不行，几乎再也走不动了。空处作表语，结合上文“without eating anything”可知，此处指很饿，形容词starving“饥饿的”符合题意。故填starving。 51. After a long week of busy study, many students choose to go outdoors to relax and get ________ (使恢复精力). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】refreshed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：经过一周紧张的学习之后，许多学生会选择到户外去放松身心，让自己恢复精力。根据汉语提示可知用形容词refreshed，作表语。故填refreshed。 52. Nowadays, online learning has become a popular ________ (趋势) among high school students. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】trend 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：如今，在线学习已成为高中生中一种流行的趋势。空处作表语，且被形容词popular修饰，名词trend“趋势”符合题意，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填trend。 第四节 完成句子（共4小题，每小题2分，满分8分） 根据中文意思完成下列句子。 53. Under public pressure, the advertising company ________ (为……道歉) the wrong information in the ad. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】apologized for 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：在公众压力下，该广告公司为广告上的错误信息道歉。表示“为……道歉”用短语apologize for，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，apologize用过去式。故填apologized for。 54. There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to ________ (让我们振作). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】cheer us up 【解析】 【详解】考查短语。句意：没有什么比一顿丰盛的晚餐和一些音乐更能让我们振作起来了。“让……振作”可用短语cheer up，此处为不定式作后置定语修饰noting，因此cheer用原形，“我们”用代词宾格us。故填cheer us up。 55. In order to ease the heavy traffic, the committee has ________ (做出决定) to pass an Act to build a new railway. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】made a decision 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：翻译：为了缓解交通拥堵，委员会已经做出决定，通过一项法案来修建一条新铁路。表示“做出决定”可用短语make a decision，结合助动词has可知，此处为现在完成时，make应用过去分词made。故填made a decision。 56. ________ (正是真诚的关心) taught us to face adversity bravely. （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】It was sincere care that 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句和名词。句意：正是真诚的关心，教会了我们勇敢面对逆境。主语“真诚的关心”为名词短语sincere care，本句为it is/was...that...强调句，强调主语sincere care用that，结合taught可知，句子为一般过去时。故填：It was sincere care that。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 57. 你校校报的英文专栏为宣传世界地球日（4月22日），邀请你写一篇关于环境问题的调查报告。 内容包括：（1）地球面临的问题； （2）呼吁采取行动。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 April 22nd is World Earth Day, a day to draw attention to our planet’s troubles. Currently, the Earth is facing serious problems: air and water pollution are worsening, many species are dying out, and global warming is causing extreme weather. These issues threaten our living environment and future. It’s time for us to take action. We can save water, reduce plastic use, plant trees and choose low-carbon travel. Let’s work together, because small actions can make a big difference to protect our common home. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校报的英语专栏写一篇关于环境问题的调查报告来宣传世界地球日。 【详解】1.词汇积累 面临：face→in the face of/confront 减少：reduce→decrease 保护：protect→preserve 恶化：worsen→escalate 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：April 22nd is World Earth Day, a day to draw attention to our planet’s troubles. 拓展句：April 22nd is World Earth Day, a day which draws attention to our planet’s troubles. 【点睛】【高分句型1】April 22nd is World Earth Day, a day to draw attention to our planet’s troubles.（运用了不定式作后置定语） 【高分句型2】Let’s work together, because small actions can make a big difference to protect our common home.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句） 第二节 读后续写（共1小题；满分25分） 58. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一段完整的短文。 A Perfect Friendship The shining sun reflected in the flowing stream as it journeyed through the beautiful Wonderland. In the middle of the rolling field, sat a young boy called George. He laid out a picnic to share with his best friend Jack. George was buzzing with excitement. “I’ve brought extra Jaffa cakes just for you Jack,” he called out, knowing that Jack would wolf them down (狼吞虎咽) in a second. George didn’t look like all the other boys, so no one wanted to be friends with him. No one, that was, except for Jack. Jack knew that George was a true friend, he was kind, creative, brave, funny and had the most incredible imagination. Jack didn’t judge him by his looks, only by who he was inside and that was why they had a perfect friendship. They spent many days together in the Heavens, climbing up trees and splashing (泼水嬉戏) through the stream. The wood was full of adventure, always offering new things to find and explore. Their imaginations ran freely as they battled giants and evil monkeys. As the boys splashed each other in the stream, George wished that the water would wash away his scars. They weren’t just physical scars, they were the scars (疤痕) that hurt so deeply inside. The years of teasing had built up inside him, but as he looked at Jack, the pain eased off. Finally, there was someone that could look beyond his imperfections and really understand him. Sometimes, the cool kids would wander around the Wonderland and start laughing at George, “freak!”, “glad, I don’t look like you!”, “monster!” “More like ‘cruel kids!” George sighed sadly. Luckily, he had Jack by his side, a comfort that he wasn’t alone. “Don’t take any notice of them”, Jack always encouraged him, “It’s not their fault that they can’t see the real you.” Jack and George’s favourite swing was an old tyre (轮胎) hanging on a tall oak tree (橡树). They would soar (高飞) towards the clouds, always competing to see who could go the highest. Now there was the swinging competition. Many kids were gathering around the oak, arguing about who could set the new record for the highest swing. Jack patted on George’s shoulder, saying, “come on, boy. Let’s join in the competition. We can do it just as usual!” 注意：续写词数应为150左右；请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答， Paragraph 1: However, hearing these words, George just turned and fled quickly. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Jack accompanied George to move up to the oak tree. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 However, hearing these words, George just turned and fled quickly. His heart raced with fear and embarrassment, the cruel words of the cool kids echoing in his ears. He ran to the edge of the stream, where he sat down with his head buried in his knees, tears rolling down his cheeks. “I’m not good enough,” he whispered to himself. “They’ll laugh at me again if I join the competition. I’ll only make you look bad, Jack.” He felt a warm hand on his shoulder, and when he looked up, he saw Jack’s smiling face, full of kindness and understanding. Jack accompanied George to move up to the oak tree. The crowd fell silent for a moment, and George could feel their eyes on him, making him want to run away again. But Jack squeezed his hand tightly, whispering, “You’re brave, George. Just be yourself, and that’s enough.” Taking a deep breath, George sat on the tyre swing. With Jack pushing him gently, he soared higher and higher, the wind blowing through his hair. The laughter of the crowd turned from mockery to cheers. At that moment, George knew that with Jack by his side, he could face anything, and their perfect friendship would always light up his world. 【解析】 【导语】文以人物为线索展开，讲述了外貌特别、内心有创伤的George在好友Jack的陪伴下，摆脱他人嘲笑的阴影，勇敢面对自己、收获勇气与友谊的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ① 由第一段首句“然而，听到这些话，George只是转身飞快地逃走了。”可知，接下来可描写George逃跑的原因 —— 害怕被其他孩子嘲笑、内心自卑，以及Jack追上他后的安慰与鼓励。 ② 由第二段首句“Jack陪着George走向那棵橡树。”可知，接下来可描写George在Jack的鼓励下鼓起勇气参与秋千比赛，克服内心恐惧，最终获得认可的过程。 2. 续写线索 George因自卑逃跑 ——Jack追上并耐心安慰 ——George放下顾虑 —— 两人一起走向橡树参与比赛 ——George勇敢尝试 —— 获得众人认可、坚定友谊 3.词类激活 行为类 ①（心脏）狂跳：race/beat quickly ②私语：whisper/murmur ③逃跑：run away/escape ④变成：turn...to.../transform...into... 情绪类 ①恐惧：fear/horror ②尴尬：embarrassment/awkwardness 【点睛】【高分句型1】He ran to the edge of the stream, where he sat down with his head buried in his knees, tears rolling down his cheeks. （运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句和独立主格结构） 【高分句型2】The crowd fell silent for a moment, and George could feel their eyes on him, making him want to run away again.（运用了现在分词making作状语） 【高分句型3】At that moment, George knew that with Jack by his side, he could face anything, and their perfect friendship would always light up his world.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $