2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练十八（D篇）

2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练十八（D篇）及答案详解 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一. （2026·福建龙岩·二模）“There’s nobody in the truck,” Sterling Anderson, co-founder of autonomous truck company Aurora, said in an interview. “We’re not Wizard of Ozing this thing.” Anderson was referring to the company’s plans to begin a commercial delivery service using driverless trucks. What he meant was this: our technology is not a parlour trick (表面花招). Unlike in The Wizard of Oz (《绿野仙踪》), there won’t be a human hidden behind the curtain. Aurora announced its commercial driverless trucking service in Texas in May this year, but soon moved observers from the back to the front seat at its partner’s request. Aurora isn’t alone in not being able to quit humans. Tesla’s new robotaxi service has human safety monitors in the passenger seats. Even the more established self-driving taxi services, which don’t have anyone inside the car, still have humans behind the scenes providing advice. Why can’t supposedly superior machines manage without humans? Machines don’t get tired, bored, drunk or distracted, but they struggle with real-world “edge cases” that require contextual awareness and intuition (直觉), such as how best to navigate a blockage on the road, or what a construction worker waving his arms around is trying to tell. On top of that, every safe system should have a backstop in case of technical problems. Yet systems relying on a combination of machines and humans can suffer from all sorts of well-documented problems. Human safety monitors might lose concentration. Remote drivers might struggle with technical issues like connection problems. Then there are questions of legal responsibility: if a human in a support centre somewhere gives bad advice to an autonomous vehicle that leads to an accident, who is to blame? Bryant Walker Smith, a law professor, said that the self-driving companies should explain exactly what they’re doing and why they think it is safe. Yet so far, many of the human roles have remained in the shadows. It shouldn’t be viewed as a problem that self-driving cars still need support from humans behind the scenes. But nor should those roles be hidden away. It’s time for regulators to pull back the curtain. 1．What did Anderson say about their company’s driverless service? A．It truly lives up to its name. B．It is still under test now. C．It is an advertising trick. D．It has a promising future. 2．Why do self-driving machines still need human assistance? A．They lack emotional intelligence. B．They can’t handle all real-life situations. C．Human drivers are more cost-efficient. D．Technology is not fully accessible yet. 3．Which problem might human-machine systems face? A．Human monitors’ distraction. B．Lack of effective interaction. C．Unreasonable legal agreements. D．Over-guidance from support centers. 4．What is the author’s suggestion about the driverless industry? A．Stopping using self-driving technology. B．Improving the machines’ learning ability. C．Making human roles more visible. D．Reducing the number of human helpers. 二. （25-26高三下·湖南长沙·开学考试）There’s a popular saying that if only one voice is allowed to exist, then that one voice must be a lie. This quote couldn’t be more relevant now, as many businesses and platforms are using shady practices to silence negative feedback and ensure only those voices benefiting them remain. This practice is so-called “artificial review boosting”, and has been influencing objectivity in reviews ever since. Its origin dates back to the 20th century when businesses would hand out free samples to obtain a better reputation. However, the practice rises to a new extreme with the emergence of e-commerce platforms. Many online businesses do whatever it takes to ensure high-rating scores, either through giving bonuses and rewards to customers who leave a good review or through bothering and threatening those who leave a negative one. This behavior is not only morally corrupt but also illegal, and it is absurd that many consumers feel they can’t leave negative feedback out of fear that businesses will cause trouble. It’s apparent that this problem is getting out of hand, but how can we fix it? Regulator intervention would certainly help. There should be a tougher crackdown on illegal practices, and e-commerce platforms should be required to protect the privacy of their users. Nevertheless, this is just a small part of the changes needed, as the rating system as a whole needs restructuring. That’s because this system rewards dishonest sellers rather than those selling quality products, and e-commerce platforms, with their profits unaffected, turn a blind eye to its faults. Against all odds, honest feedback has persisted and people who voice their true opinions still exist, but they are becoming rarer. There’s an old saying that if you put a frog in boiling water, it will leap out, but if you cook the frog slowly in warm water, it won’t notice being cooked alive. We consumers are just like frogs — it’s easy for us to fight together against terrible acts robbing our freedom, but we often ignore when the same freedom is gradually taken from us. There will be no grand coup de grace (致命一击) that ends honest feedback. Companies will just let it fade away slowly but we mustn’t allow that to happen because consumers play a more important role in keeping honest feedback. 5．What is the main issue discussed in the text? A．The illegal practices of consumers. B．The history of e-commerce platforms. C．The benefits of free samples for businesses. D．The decline of honest feedback due to artificial review boosting. 6．How do businesses ensure high-rating scores according to the text? A．By trying hard to improve the quality of their products greatly. B．By working closely with related official regulators effectively. C．By planning to restructure the whole rating system completely. D．By rewarding positive reviews and threatening negative reviewers. 7．What does the frog analogy imply about consumers? A．They are as adaptable as frogs in hot water. B．They are easily frightened by sudden threats. C．They fail to notice the gradual loss of their freedom. D．They should fight against terrible acts immediately. 8．What does the author suggest about the current rating system? A．It effectively promotes honest sellers. B．It prioritizes dishonest sellers over honest ones. C．It has been improved by e-commerce platforms. D．It is unaffected by consumer feedback and product quality. 三. （2026·云南昆明·一模）Most of us were raised to think that smart people always know the right answers. From gold stars in school to performance reviews in the office, we’re rewarded for certainty. Yet as Bidhan Parmar, professor at the UVA Darden School of Business, argues in his new book, Radical Doubt, “Certainty somehow blinds us. The only thing that spoon-feeding teaches us is the shape of a spoon”. His point is unsettling: The very habits we rely on to feel smart — rushing toward the final goals, simplifying complex problems, sugar-coating our initial reactions — are the ones that keep us from making wise choices. The hardest problems we face in life, whether in careers, relationships, or society, rarely come with single right answers. They’re what Parmar calls “moments of unease”: multi-criteria choices that involve competing goals, high risks, and deep uncertainty. The old playbook of being a “right-answer getter” not only fails here, but backfires. As Parmar explains, “We often treat complex problems like simple ones until we are faced with the reality.” Our personal and professional environments are more uncertain than ever. Technology evolves faster than regulation, workplaces are more diverse, and social standards are shifting. I’ve watched firsthand that seasoned leaders ignore warning signs because they were addicted to “feeling right.” They simplified the situation when they should have paused or explored, and missed the opportunity that doubt was pointing them toward. Our brains run on interconnected systems: the Pursue system (seek rewards), the Protect system (avoid threats), and the Pause-and-Piece-Together system (engage doubt and reframe). Prior evidence-based studies report that most of us let the first two dominate, charging ahead or withdrawing in fear. Grounded in behavioral science, the wiser move is to take enough time to notice complexity, question assumptions, and treat our intuition (直觉) not as the only decision but as an alternative. In practice, this means holding competing goals side by side, and learning to say not “I know,” but “I’m learning.” 9．What is implied by mentioning the spoon-feeding? A．Certainty might ruin decision-making. B．Average people can learn few facts. C．Smart habits secure positive outcomes. D．Simple tools secretly boost creativity. 10．Which might be a “moment of unease”? A．Profiting from stable investments with spare funds. B．Trying to find a job overseas when a parent falls ill. C．Treating difficult problems with one’s first intuition. D．Continuing to develop in one’s familiar research field. 11．What can make leaders fail according to the author? A．Shifting standards. B．Lacking experience. C．Ignoring principles. D．Overlooking doubts. 12．What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph? A．Intuition types and brain functions. B．Initial doubts and competing goals. C．Brain systems and connection forms. D．Scientific theories and workable tips. 四. （25-26高三下·甘肃白银·月考）Kolle 37, an adventure playground in Berlin with no strict rules, looks very different from the usual kind of kids’ recreation space. Instead of standard slides and swings, it features flaming stone fire pits, wooden forts, hammers, piles of wood logs, etc. In this unconventional educational space, children aged six to sixteen are encouraged to explore, imagine, build, or even destroy structures as they wish. “To a lot of people, it looks like junk and dirt,” says Marcus Schmidt, one of the few adult staff members. “But here, you get prepared for your future life.” The idea is that adventure playgrounds, by permitting and encouraging children to face genuine challenges from a young age, better prepare them to deal with obstacles in adulthood. This approach offers a strong riposte to the increasingly risk-avoidant model of play that is dominant in many modern societies. In practice, Kolle 37, which receives government funding, is a place where kids run the show. Employees keep watch but do not interfere. Children share tools, work with others, practice problem-solving, and compromise, making it a fair and open process. They even hold weekly meetings to discuss rules and problems. Parents are generally asked to leave the site, which provides a rare space for unaccompanied play and what’s called “free-range parenting”. Hansen Sandseter, a professor specializing in early childhood education, emphasizes the wide range of benefits of risky play. “It’s good for physical development, motor skills and learning how to cope with fears,” she says. Engaging in risky play helps children build self-confidence and courage, and learn how to navigate the environment. There’s a body of research supporting this. One study found that children who took part in guided physical activities had a significant improvement in motor skills and a reduced overall number of accidents. Even insurance companies agree. Germany’s association of accident insurers stated that it is “particularly necessary” for children to practice taking risks to improve longer-term safety. Experts like Sandseter also distinguish between risks and hazards. Risks are challenges that children can take with intention, while hazards, like a rotten swing pole, are the responsibility of adults to remove. 13．What makes Kolle 37 different from common playgrounds? A．It promotes kids’ connection with nature. B．It emphasizes strict guidance during play. C．It allows kids to engage in risky play. D．It mainly helps develop kids’ social ability. 14．What does the underlined word “riposte” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Avoidance. B．Challenge. C．Cooperation. D．Sign. 15．Which of the following words can best describe kids’ play in Kolle 37? A．Fixed. B．Disorganized. C．Employee-led. D．Self-managed. 16．What does the text suggest about risks and hazards? A．Risks are more likely to harm kids than hazards. B．Adults should act more actively on hazards than risks. C．Kids should learn from adults how to handle both of them. D．Hazards are essential for kids to handle daily troubles. 五. （2026·广东·二模）We often hear the same advice from parents, teachers and self-help books: “Think positive, and everything will get better.” For years, I guided my students and friends with this idea. I told them that a positive mind is the key to solving life’s difficulties and that they should never give in to negative feelings. I truly believed that positive thinking could magically fix any problem. Then I started to dig deeper into this so-called “positive thinking culture” as a psychologist. I studied different social groups and interviewed hundreds of people about how they dealt with stress and failure. What I discovered completely changed my mind. Many people nowadays treat positive thinking as a necessary life skill. Especially in difficult times, people are told to focus only on the bright side and avoid sad or angry thoughts. Supporters argue that positive thinking builds confidence, reduces stress, and helps people move on quickly from hard experiences. It has become such a popular idea that we seldom question whether it actually works for everyone. However, my research shows that forcing positivity often does more harm than good. It can exacerbate people’s mental stress and deepen feelings of loneliness. When people are told to “just cheer up” during serious difficulties, they may hide their true feelings and refuse to seek help. Worse still, this culture unfairly blames the victims. If someone remains sad or fails to improve, society often thinks it is their own fault for “not being positive enough”. This creates hidden unfairness toward people who are already struggling in life. What’s more, the “positive thinking only” culture benefits certain groups more. Companies and social media influencers often promote this idea because it makes people accept their difficulties passively instead of asking for real changes. Workers who keep “thinking positive” may silently stand low pay and heavy work without complaining. In this way, the blind positivity that is widely celebrated actually serves the needs of those in power. 17．What did the author advise people to do for years? A．Develop life skills actively. B．Focus on positive thinking. C．Solve problems independently. D．Ask for help when feeling down. 18．How did the author feel after his research on positive thinking? A．Doubtful about further study. B．Satisfied with its wide influence. C．Surprised by its hidden harm. D．Confident of its practical value. 19．What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Reduce. B．Worsen. C．Relieve. D．Cause. 20．What does the author say about the “positive thinking only” culture? A．It helps workers improve their living standards. B．It encourages people to fight for social changes. C．It equally supports every group in modern society. D．It makes people passively accept unfair situations. 六. （2026·广东·二模）The beauty of a book lies not only in its words, but also in the marks left by its readers. I still remember the day I picked up a worn collection of poems from a library sale. Between its pages were tiny notes in pencil, short comments on lines that touched someone’s heart, and small stars drawn beside particularly moving sentences. Those silent marks felt like a quiet conversation with a stranger across years. It was then that I realized annotations are more than just writing in a book—they are bridges connecting hearts. Today, annotating books has become a widespread social trend. On many social media platforms, young readers show off their colorfully annotated books. They use different colored pens to mark themes, underline important sentences, stick notes on pages, and even draw small pictures to express their feelings. This has led to a heated discussion: is making marks in books a sign of respect or disrespect for reading? Some people argue that writing in books destroys the cleanliness of pages and lowers the value of a book. They see annotations as mindless marks that interrupt the smooth reading experience. However, history tells a different story. Great thinkers and writers such as Newton and Virginia Woolf often filled their books with notes, questions and thoughts. Annotations help readers slow down, think deeply and form their own ideas. In classrooms, teachers encourage annotation as a way to improve understanding and critical thinking. It helps readers truly “talk” with the author. Different from academic annotations, online annotations pay more attention to personal feelings. They may look messy or overly designed to others, but they serve the reader’s own joy. A teenager might highlight funny lines; a reader may circle sentences that remind them of their family. These styles are not right or wrong—they simply show how reading touches different lives. I will always value the quiet notes I found in old books. As for the colorful annotations popular online, they should be celebrated, not criticized. Reading is personal, and so are annotations. As long as people love reading and feel connected to books, the way they choose to interact with pages should be respected. 21．What happened to the author in the library sale? A．He made friends with a stranger. B．He experienced a spiritual connection. C．He learned to write poems. D．He bought a perfect new book. 22．What is the function of paragraph 3? A．To support the value of annotations. B．To introduce famous writers’ habits. C．To blame improper reading behaviors. D．To explain how to annotate academically. 23．Which word best describes online annotations? A．Traditional. B．Standard. C．Formal. D．Personal. 24．What does the author want to express in the last paragraph? A．Old books are more valuable than new ones. B．People should keep books clean and tidy. C．Young readers spend too much time online. D．Different annotation styles deserve respect. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 《2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练十八（D篇）及答案详解》参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 A B A C D D C B A B 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 D D C B D B B C B D 题号 21 22 23 24 答案 B A D D 一. 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 【难度】0.66 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章以自动驾驶卡车公司Aurora的商业服务为切入点，揭示了当前自动驾驶技术仍无法脱离人类辅助的现实，剖析了机器依赖人类的核心原因、人机协同系统存在的弊端，并提出自动驾驶企业应公开幕后人类角色、监管机构需加强监管的核心观点。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段““There’s nobody in the truck,” Sterling Anderson, co-founder of autonomous truck company Aurora, said in an interview. “We’re not Wizard of Ozing this thing.”(“卡车里没有人，”自动驾驶卡车公司奥罗拉的联合创始人斯特林·安德森在一次采访中说道。“我们不是在玩绿野仙踪那套把戏。”)”以及“our technology is not a parlour trick (表面花招). Unlike in The Wizard of Oz (《绿野仙踪》), there won’t be a human hidden behind the curtain.(我们的技术不是表面花招。和《绿野仙踪》不同，不会有人藏在幕后操控。)”可知，安德森的核心观点是公司的无人驾驶服务并非虚假伪装，而是真正实现了无人类操控，完全配得上“无人驾驶”的名称。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Machines don’t get tired, bored, drunk or distracted, but they struggle with real-world “edge cases” that require contextual awareness and intuition (直觉), such as how best to navigate a blockage on the road, or what a construction worker waving his arms around is trying to tell. (机器不会感到疲倦、无聊、醉酒或分心，但它们难以应对现实世界中需要情境感知和直觉的“极端情况”，比如如何最好地绕过道路上的障碍物，或者一名挥舞手臂的建筑工人想要表达什么意思。)”可知，自动驾驶机器需要人类协助的根本原因是，它们缺乏情境感知和直觉，无法处理现实生活中所有复杂的突发状况。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“Yet systems relying on a combination of machines and humans can suffer from all sorts of well-documented problems. Human safety monitors might lose concentration. Remote drivers might struggle with technical issues like connection problems.(然而，依赖人机结合的系统会遭遇各种有详实记录的问题。人类安全监督员可能会注意力不集中，远程驾驶员可能会遇到网络连接问题等技术故障。)”可知，人类安全监督员出现注意力分散的情况，是人机协同系统面临的明确问题之一。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bryant Walker Smith, a law professor, said that the self-driving companies should explain exactly what they’re doing and why they think it is safe. Yet so far, many of the human roles have remained in the shadows. It shouldn’t be viewed as a problem that self-driving cars still need support from humans behind the scenes. But nor should those roles be hidden away. It’s time for regulators to pull back the curtain.(法学教授布莱恩特·沃克·史密斯表示，自动驾驶公司应准确解释他们的所作所为，以及为何认为这是安全的。然而到目前为止，许多人类角色仍处于隐蔽状态。自动驾驶汽车仍需要幕后人类的支持，这不应被视为问题，但这些角色也不应被隐藏起来。监管机构是时候揭开这层面纱了。)”可知，作者通过引用专家观点并结合现状，明确提出自动驾驶行业的改进方向是让幕后的人类辅助角色变得公开、透明、可见。故选C。 二. 5．D 6．D 7．C 8．B 【难度】0.75 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了“人工刷好评”现象导致真实评价逐渐消失的问题，介绍了其起源、商家的操作手段、带来的危害，并通过温水煮青蛙的比喻提醒消费者警惕自由被慢慢剥夺，同时指出评价体系需要改革。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“This practice is so-called ‘artificial review boosting’, and has been influencing objectivity in reviews ever since. (这种行为就是所谓的‘人工刷好评’，从那以后就一直影响着评价的客观性。)”以及全文可知，文章主要讨论的是由于人工刷好评，真实评价正在减少。故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“Many online businesses do whatever it takes to ensure high-rating scores, either through giving bonuses and rewards to customers who leave a good review or through bothering and threatening those who leave a negative one. (许多线上商家不择手段确保高评分，要么给留好评的顾客发放奖金和奖励，要么骚扰、威胁留差评的人。)”可知，商家通过奖励好评、威胁差评者来获取高评分。故选D。 7．推理判断题。根据第四段“There’s an old saying that if you put a frog in boiling water, it will leap out, but if you cook the frog slowly in warm water, it won’t notice being cooked alive. We consumers are just like frogs — it’s easy for us to fight together against terrible acts robbing our freedom, but we often ignore when the same freedom is gradually taken from us. (有句老话说，把青蛙扔进沸水，它会跳出来，但如果用温水慢慢煮，它不会注意到自己被活活煮死。我们消费者就像青蛙一样——我们很容易一起反抗剥夺我们自由的恶劣行为，却常常忽视自由被慢慢夺走。)”可知，这个比喻暗示消费者没有注意到自由的逐渐丧失。故选C。 8．推理判断题。根据第三段“That’s because this system rewards dishonest sellers rather than those selling quality products, and e-commerce platforms, with their profits unaffected, turn a blind eye to its faults. (这是因为这种体系会奖励那些不诚实的卖家，而非那些提供优质产品卖家的付出，而电商平台由于其利润不受影响，也就对这种缺陷视而不见。)”可知，作者认为当前的评分体系更重视不诚信的卖家而非诚信卖家。故选B。 三. 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．D 【难度】0.4 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要阐述了人们常被教导追求确定答案，但这会阻碍明智决策。复杂问题无唯一解，过度追求确定性易适得其反。应善用大脑的审慎系统，拥抱怀疑，以学习心态应对不确定性。 9．推理判断题。根据第二段“Yet as Bidhan Parmar, professor at the UVA Darden School of Business, argues in his new book, Radical Doubt, “Certainty somehow blinds us. The only thing that spoon-feeding teaches us is the shape of a spoon”. His point is unsettling: The very habits we rely on to feel smart — rushing toward the final goals, simplifying complex problems, sugar-coating our initial reactions — are the ones that keep us from making wise choices.(然而，正如弗吉尼亚大学达顿商学院的布迪安·帕尔马尔教授在其新书《激进的怀疑》中所指出的那样：“确定性会让我们变得盲目。一味地灌输所教会我们的，不过是勺子的形状而已”。他的观点令人不安：我们赖以自认为聪明的那些习惯——急于追求最终目标、简化复杂问题、美化最初的反应——恰恰是那些阻碍我们做出明智选择的习惯)”可知，提到“填鸭式教育”所隐含的意思是过分的确定性可能会破坏决策过程。故选A。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段“They’re what Parmar calls “moments of unease”: multi-criteria choices that involve competing goals, high risks, and deep uncertainty.(这就是帕尔玛所说的“不安时刻”：这类决策涉及多重标准，包含相互冲突的目标、巨大的风险以及极大的不确定性)”可知，“不安时刻”涉及多重标准，包含相互冲突的目标、巨大的风险以及极大的不确定性。B选项“当父母生病时，却试图去国外找工作”符合“不安时刻”的描述。故选B。 11．细节理解题。根据第四段“I’ve watched firsthand that seasoned leaders ignore warning signs because they were addicted to “feeling right.” They simplified the situation when they should have paused or explored, and missed the opportunity that doubt was pointing them toward.(我亲眼目睹过一些经验丰富的领导者会忽视那些警示信号，因为他们过于执着于“感觉是对的”这种想法。他们本应停下来或深入探究，却选择了简化问题，从而错失了那些由怀疑所指向的机遇)”可知，导致领导者失败的原因是忽视疑虑。故选D。 12．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Our brains run on interconnected systems: the Pursue system (seek rewards), the Protect system (avoid threats), and the Pause-and-Piece-Together system (engage doubt and reframe). Prior evidence-based studies report that most of us let the first two dominate, charging ahead or withdrawing in fear. Grounded in behavioral science, the wiser move is to take enough time to notice complexity, question assumptions, and treat our intuition (直觉) not as the only decision but as an alternative. In practice, this means holding competing goals side by side, and learning to say not “I know,” but “I’m learning.”(我们的大脑由相互关联的系统构成：追求系统（寻求奖励）、保护系统（避免威胁）以及暂停并整合系统（质疑并重新审视）。以往基于实证的研究表明，我们大多数人往往让前两个系统占据主导地位，要么勇往直前，要么因恐惧而退缩。从行为科学的角度来看，更明智的做法是花足够的时间去留意复杂性、质疑假设，并将我们的直觉（直觉）视为一种可供选择的决策方式，而非唯一的决定依据。实际上，这意味着要同时兼顾相互冲突的目标，并学会说“我正在学习”，而非“我知道”)”可知，最后一段主要谈论了科学理论与实用建议。故选D。 四. 13．C 14．B 15．D 16．B 【难度】0.68 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了柏林一家无严格规则、鼓励孩子进行冒险性玩耍的游乐场Kolle 37，讨论了这种冒险式玩耍对孩子成长的益处，并区分了风险与危险的不同意义。 13．细节理解题。根据第一段“Kolle 37, an adventure playground in Berlin with no strict rules, looks very different from the usual kind of kids’ recreation space. Instead of standard slides and swings, it features flaming stone fire pits, wooden forts, hammers, piles of wood logs, etc. In this unconventional educational space, children aged six to sixteen are encouraged to explore, imagine, build, or even destroy structures as they wish. (柏林的Kolle 37是一个没有严格规则的冒险游乐场，与普通儿童游乐空间截然不同。这里没有标准的滑梯和秋千，而是有燃烧的石火坑、木制堡垒、锤子、成堆的原木等。在这个非传统的教育空间里，6到16岁的孩子被鼓励随心所欲地探索、想象、建造甚至摧毁设施)”可知，Kolle 37不同于普通游乐场的地方在于它允许孩子进行有风险的玩耍。故选C。 14．词句猜测题。根据第二段“The idea is that adventure playgrounds, by permitting and encouraging children to face genuine challenges from a young age, better prepare them to deal with obstacles in adulthood. This approach offers a strong riposte to the increasingly risk-avoidant model of play that is dominant in many modern societies. (这种理念认为，冒险游乐场通过允许并鼓励孩子从小面对真正的挑战，能更好地让他们为应对成年后的障碍做准备。这种方式对许多现代社会中盛行的、越来越回避风险的玩耍模式提出了有力的riposte)”可知，Kolle 37提供的玩耍模式是对规避风险的玩耍模式的挑战和回击，“riposte”意为“挑战、回击”。故选B。 15．推理判断题。根据文中第三段内容“In practice, Kolle 37, which receives government funding, is a place where kids run the show. Employees keep watch but do not interfere. Children share tools, work with others, practice problem-solving, and compromise, making it a fair and open process. They even hold weekly meetings to discuss rules and problems. (事实上，由政府资助的Kolle 37是一个由孩子主导的地方。工作人员只看护不干预。孩子们分享工具、与人合作、练习解决问题、相互妥协，这是一个公平开放的过程。他们甚至每周开会讨论规则和问题)”可知，孩子们在Kolle 37的玩耍是自我管理的。故选D。 16．推理判断题。根据文中最后一段内容“Experts like Sandseter also distinguish between risks and hazards. Risks are challenges that children can take with intention, while hazards, like a rotten swing pole, are the responsibility of adults to remove. (桑塞特等专家还区分了风险和危险。风险是孩子可以有意去面对的挑战，而像腐烂的秋千杆这样的危险物，则是成年人有责任清除的)”可知，成年人应更积极地处理危险物而非风险。故选B。 五. 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．D 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇议论文，本文讲述了作者作为一名心理学家，从最初信奉“积极思考能解决一切”的观念，到通过研究发现盲目推崇积极思考可能带来隐藏危害的过程。文章指出，强迫性积极不仅会加剧人们的心理压力，还可能使人们被动接受不公，最终服务于特定群体的利益。 17．细节理解题。定位原文第一段“For years, I guided my students and friends with this idea. I told them that a positive mind is the key to solving life’s difficulties and that they should never give in to negative feelings.(多年来，我一直以此理念来引导我的学生和朋友们。我告诉他们，积极的心态是解决生活难题的关键，而且他们永远不应屈服于消极的情绪)”，可知作者多年来一直建议人们专注于积极思考，故选B。 18．推理判断题。定位原文第二段“What I discovered completely changed my mind.(我所发现的情况彻底改变了我的看法)”及第四段揭示积极思维危害的内容“It can exacerbate people’s mental stress and deepen feelings of loneliness. When people are told to “just cheer up” during serious difficulties, they may hide their true feelings and refuse to seek help. Worse still, this culture unfairly blames the victims.(它会加重人们的心理压力，加深孤独感。当人们在面临严重困难时被要求“振作起来”时，他们可能会压抑自己的真实情感，拒绝寻求帮助。更糟糕的是，这种文化会不公平地指责受害者)”，可知作者在研究后发现积极思考存在隐藏危害，感到惊讶。故选C。 19．词句猜测题。 定位原文第四段“It can exacerbate people’s mental stress and deepen feelings of loneliness.(它会exacerbate人们的心理压力，加深孤独感)”，前句说“forcing positivity often does more harm than good(强迫性积极往往弊大于利)”，后文提到导致人们隐藏真实感受、加深孤独，可合理推断exacerbate意为“加剧、恶化”。故选B。 20．推理判断题。定位原文最后一段“Companies and social media influencers often promote this idea because it makes people accept their difficulties passively instead of asking for real changes.(企业和社交媒体影响力人士常常宣扬这种观点，因为它能让人们被动地接受自身的困境，而不会主动要求做出实质性的改变)”及“In this way, the blind positivity that is widely celebrated actually serves the needs of those in power.(这样一来，这种被广泛推崇的盲目乐观实际上恰恰服务于当权者的利益)”，可知“唯积极论”文化让人们被动接受不公平处境，故选D。 六. 21．B 22．A 23．D 24．D 【难度】0.64 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了在书上做批注这一行为，从作者自身经历引出话题，阐述了如今批注成为社会潮流以及人们对此的不同观点，作者认为不同的批注风格都应受到尊重。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段“Those silent marks felt like a quiet conversation with a stranger across years. It was then that I realized annotations are more than just writing in a book—they are bridges connecting hearts.(那些无声的标记感觉就像一场跨越岁月与陌生人的静谧对话。就在那时，我意识到批注不仅仅是在书上写字——它们是连接心灵的桥梁)”可知，作者在旧书特卖会上通过书中的批注与陌生人产生了精神上的联系，故选B项。 22．推理判断题。根据第三段“Some people argue that writing in books destroys the cleanliness of pages and lowers the value of a book. They see annotations as mindless marks that interrupt the smooth reading experience. However, history tells a different story. Great thinkers and writers such as Newton and Virginia Woolf often filled their books with notes, questions and thoughts. Annotations help readers slow down, think deeply and form their own ideas. In classrooms, teachers encourage annotation as a way to improve understanding and critical thinking. It helps readers truly “talk” with the author.(有些人认为，在书上写字会破坏书页的整洁，降低书籍的价值。 他们把批注看作是随意的涂画，会打断流畅的阅读体验。 然而，历史却讲述了另一个故事。 牛顿、弗吉尼亚・伍尔夫等伟大的思想家和作家，常常在书中写满笔记、疑问与思考。 做批注能帮助读者放慢速度、深入思考，并形成自己的观点。 在课堂上，老师们也鼓励学生做批注，以此提升理解能力与批判性思维。 它能让读者真正与作者 “对话”。)”可知，先指出一些人认为在书上做批注破坏书页整洁、降低书的价值，但随后以牛顿和弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫等伟大思想家和作家经常在书中做笔记为例，还提到在课堂上教师鼓励批注以提高理解和批判性思维能力，这些都是在支持批注的价值，故选A项。 23．推理判断题。根据第四段“Different from academic annotations, online annotations pay more attention to personal feelings.(与学术批注不同，网络批注更注重个人感受)”可知，用“个性化的”来描述网络批注最为合适，故选D项。 24．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As for the colorful annotations popular online, they should be celebrated, not criticized. Reading is personal, and so are annotations. As long as people love reading and feel connected to books, the way they choose to interact with pages should be respected.(至于在网上流行的丰富多彩的批注，它们应该受到赞赏，而不是批评。阅读是个人的事，批注也是。只要人们热爱阅读并与书籍产生联系，他们选择与书页互动的方式就应该受到尊重)”可知，作者在最后一段想表达不同的批注风格都值得尊重，故选D项。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $