Unit 3 Food matters 单元核心知识点精讲精练1(Understanding ideas)-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册教材核心知识全解（新教材外研版）

本初中英语讲义聚焦“Unit 3 Food matters”核心知识点，系统梳理Understanding ideas部分的23个重点短语（如“fish and chips”“signature dish”）、15个核心词汇（如delicious、taste、beef等，含搭配、用法及例句解析）及5个重难句型（如grow作系动词、非谓语动词用法等），搭配随学随练与综合练习，构建从基础到技能的学习支架。 该资料特色鲜明，词汇解析结合语境与文化（如“麻婆豆腐”“皮蛋”等中外食物词汇），渗透文化意识；多样化练习（阅读理解、完形填空等）助力语言能力提升，通过分析与推断培养思维品质。课中辅助教师精准授课，课后帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺，有效提升自主学习能力。

Unit 3 Food matters 核心知识点精讲精练 1 (Understanding ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Understanding ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 重点短语集锦 1. fish and chips 炸鱼薯条 2. signature dish 招牌菜 3. around the world 世界各地；全世界 4. green onion 葱；青葱 5. thousand-year egg 皮蛋 6. the taste and smell of ... …… 的味道和气味 7. a certain food 某种食物 8. bring back 使回忆起；带回 9. start with 以…… 开始；从…… 入手 10. do magic 施展魔力；有神奇效果 11. mapo tofu 麻婆豆腐 12. a big fat hen 一只肥硕的母鸡 13. a pot of warm chicken soup 一锅温热的鸡汤 14. grow hungry 感到饿了 15. think of 想到；想起 16. wake up 醒来；唤醒 17. sweet eight-treasure porridge 香甜八宝粥 18. each kind of 每一种 19. in one's own way 以某人自己的方式 20. fall ill 生病 21. plain rice porridge 白粥 22. away from 远离 23. remain strong 保持强壮 24. scrambled eggs with tomatoes 西红柿炒鸡蛋 25. cut...into... 把…… 切成…… 26. beat two eggs 打两个鸡蛋 27. a little salt 少许盐 28. golden yellow 金黄色 29. add...to... 把…… 加入…… 30. put...back... 把…… 放回…… 31. mix...with... 把…… 和…… 混合 32. turn off 关掉（电器、火等） 2、 重点词汇解析 1. delicious /dɪˈlɪʃəs/ adj. 令人愉快的；美味的 [词汇搭配] deliciously(adv.)令人愉悦地；美味地；delicacy(n.)精美的食物；佳肴 yum/yummy(adj.)好吃的；mouth-watering(adj.)(食物)令人垂涎的 [词汇例句] delicious memories令人愉悦的记忆；delicious food美味的食物 [随学随练] Food with much sugar is delicious but unhealthy.含糖太多的食物很美味但不健康。 单项填空。 —Wang Tian, thanks for your zongzi. It’s really ________. —You’re welcome! I’m happy you like it. A．hot B．clean C．delicious D．meaningful 2. taste /teɪst/ n.味道；体验，尝试；爱好，志趣；鉴赏力，品味；v.有……味道；尝 [词汇拓展] tasty (adj.)美味的 [词汇搭配] the taste of sth. ……的味道；be in bad/poor taste趣味低级，粗俗 be in good taste适度，得体 [词汇用法] · taste可以用作系动词，表示“有...味道”，后常跟形容味道的形容词。 It tastes good.味道很不错。 · taste作动词时，还可以表示“尝，品尝”。 Taste it and see if you think there's enough salt in it.你尝尝看这够不够咸。 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中taste的中文意思。 (1) This was Lucy’s first taste of making paper-cutting. (2) I don't like the taste of stinky tofu. (3) He has very good taste in modern art. (4) Traditional plays are not to everyone's taste . (5) For foreigners, the thousand-year eggs taste strange. (6) Taste it and see if you think there's enough salt(盐) in it. 3. beef /biːf/ n. 牛肉 mutton /ˈmʌtn/ n. 羊肉 [词汇搭配] pork(n.)猪肉；meat(n.)(可食用的)肉 [词汇例句] Would you like some beef or mutton? 你想要写牛肉还是羊肉？ [词汇用法] · 肉类名词通常都是不可数名词。对应的动物名词通常都是可数名词。 The boy likes beef a lot. 这个男孩子很喜欢吃牛肉。 There are some cows on the grass. 草地上有些母牛。 · 有些词既表示动物，也可以表示肉，既可以用作可数名词，也可以用作不可数名词，如chicken,fish,duck等，在使用时要注意区别可数与不可数。 We bought a chicken this morning. And we will eat chicken for lunch. 我们早上买了一只鸡。中餐将 吃鸡肉。(第一个chicken表示动物“鸡”，用作可数名词；第二个chicken表示肉“鸡肉”，用 作不可数名词。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) We need to buy some ______ and two______ for dinner this evening. A．tomatoes; kilo of pork B．tomato; kilos of meat C．potatoes; kilos of beef D．potato; kilo of beef (2) Jackson often eats some ________ and ________ for dinner. A．potato; meats B．cabbages; muttons C．pancake; fishes D．fish; potatoes 4. fat /fæt/ adj. 肥胖的；厚的 n. 脂肪 [词汇拓展] <比较级>fatter；<最高级>fattest；fatty(adj.)含脂肪多的，肥的；fatness(n.)肥胖 fatten(v.)(使)长胖，长肥 [词汇搭配] a big fat hen一只肥硕的母鸡；a fat book一本厚书 [词汇用法] · fat用作形容词，表示“肥胖的”，形容某人肥胖时过于直接，而且会被认为没有礼貌。更礼貌的说法是plump或chubby，其中chubby更口语化。形容某人因块头过大或体重过重而出现健康问题时用overweight和obese。 · fat用作名词，表示“人或动物的脂肪”或“食物中的脂肪”，也可以表示“（烹调用的）动植物油”。 foods which are low in fat 低脂肪食物 When you use oil or fat for cooking, use as little as possible.烹调时不论是植物油还是动物油，都要 尽量少用。 [随学随练] 用fat适当形式填空。 (1) The pigs must be the ________ (fat) animals on the farm. (2) Will eating too much Lanzhou beef noodles make me ________ (fat) than before? (3) Tom is as ________ (fat) as Jim. (4) Sweet things often have a lot of salt, sugar and ________ (脂肪). 5. pot /pɒt/ n. （通常为金属制成的圆而深的）锅；（盛食品的）罐，瓶，壶 pan /pæn/ n. （长柄有盖的）锅，平底锅 [词汇拓展] hot pot 火锅；flowerpot(n.)花盆；pancake(n.)薄(烤、烙)煎饼 [词汇搭配] a pot of warm chicken soup一锅热鸡汤；in a hot pan 热锅里 pots and pans锅碗瓢盆 [词汇例句] They drank a pot of coffee. 他们喝了一壶咖啡。 pot pan 6. onion /ˈʌnjən/ n. 洋葱（头） [词汇搭配] green onions葱；青葱 [词汇例句] Store onions in a cool dry place. 把洋葱存放在凉爽干燥的地方 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) We need a ________ and some tomatoes to make dinner. A．onion B．carrot C．mutton D．eggs (2) —What kind of food do you like? —I like ________. A．mutton and onion dumplings B．mutton and onions dumplings C．mutton and onion dumpling D．mutton and onions dumpling 7. porridge /ˈpɒrɪdʒ/ n. 粥 [词汇搭配] sweet eight-treasure porridge香甜八宝粥；plain rice porridge白粥 [词汇例句] We often have porridge in the morning. 早上我们通常喝粥。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —You look so healthy. —Because I never eat junk food and I often have ________ and ________ for dinner. A．porridges; fish B．porridges; fishes C．porridge; fish D．porridge; fishes 8. medicine /ˈmedɪsən/ n. 药，药物（尤指口服的药水） pill /pɪl/ n. 药丸，药片 [词汇拓展] medical (adj.) 医学的 [词汇搭配] take some medicine 服药；traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)中医 the best medicine（改进状况的）最佳方法；（尤指）除去心病的良方 take a pill 服药；sleeping pill 安眠药 [词汇例句] The doctor asked him to take the medicine three times a day. 医生让他一天吃三次药。 [单词辨析] pill / tablet / medicine · pill常指圆形的药丸，是可数名词。 · tablet常指扁平、椭圆形的药片。现代英语中常指 “平板电脑”。 · medicine表示“药”时，常用作不可数名词。此外，medicine还可以表示“医学”。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) I have a cold. I need to take some ________. A．medicine B．pancake C．porridge D．onion (2) The doctor advised him to take one ________ three times a day after meals. A．medicine B．lesson C．pill D．picture 9. remain /rɪˈmeɪn/ v. 继续，依然（保持某种状态) [词汇拓展] remaining (adj.) 剩下的；remains(n.)遗骸，残骸；遗迹 [词汇搭配] remain strong依然很强烈；remain silent依然沉默；remained in Shanghai继续在上海 [词汇用法] · remain可以用作系动词，表示“保持不变，依然（保持某种状态)”。 The three men remained silent. 这3个人保持着沉默。 · remain也可用作不及物动词，表示“继续存在；逗留”等意。 They remained in the town. 它们仍在在镇子上。 [词汇例句] Many of the differences in everyday life remain. 日常生活中的许多差异仍然存在。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Long time no see. Your garden remains ________. —Thank you. I never give up ________. A．beautiful, work B．beautifully, working C．beautiful, working D．beautifully, to work 10. pepper /ˈpepə/ n. 胡椒粉；甜椒，柿子椒 [词汇搭配] green pepper青椒；red pepper红椒；black pepper黑胡椒粉；white pepper白胡椒粉 [词汇用法] · pepper表示“胡椒粉”，用作不可数名词。 Add salt and pepper to taste.适量放盐和胡椒粉。 · pepper表示“甜椒”，一般用作可数名词。 We should buy some big red peppers. 我们应该买些大红甜椒。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) — ___________ pepper do you need, Dad? — Two spoons. A．How many B．How much C．Which (2) He’s bought ________ green peppers but only ________ cooking oil. A．too much; a few B．too many; a little C．a few; too little D．a little; too many 11. beat /biːt/ v. 搅拌，搅打；敲，打；打败；胜过，比...更好；（使）规律作响；n. 敲击；跳动；节拍，节奏 [词汇拓展] <过去式>beat；<过去分词> beaten /ˈbiːtn/；heartbeat(n.)心跳（声） [词汇搭配] beat two eggs 打两个鸡蛋；beat down 砸开，砸破；beat down on...（阳光）强烈照射 [词汇例句] [随学随练] 写出下列句子中beat的中文含义。 (1) We heard the drums beating . (2) Nothing beats home cooking. (3) He could hear the beat of his heart. (4) Hailstones(冰雹) beat against the window (5) This type of music has a strong beat to it. (6) We beat Class 3 in the basketball match. (7) Beat the flour and milk together. 12. salt /sɔːlt/ n. 盐，食盐；adj. 含盐的；用盐腌制的 v.给（食物）加盐，用盐腌制（食物） [词汇拓展] salty(adj.)咸的；salted(adj.)加了盐的；咸的；sugar(n.)食糖 [词汇搭配] add a little salt添一点盐；salted peanuts咸花生米；salt water海水；salt beef腌牛肉 [词汇例句] Season with salt and pepper. 放盐和胡椒粉调味。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —Mummy, ________ ________ salt can we have every day? —No more than five grams. A．How far B．How long C．How many D．How much (2) —There ________ no salt at home. Remember to buy ________ this afternoon. —OK, Dad! A．is; two bags of salt B．is; two bag of salt C．are; two bag of salt D．are; two bags of salt 13. oil /ɔɪl/ n. 植物油，动物油；石油；润肤油，防护油；(绘画用)油彩 [词汇拓展] oily(adj.)含油的 [词汇搭配] add more oil to the pan往锅里多加些油；vegetable oil植物油 [词汇例句] The company buys and sells about 600,000 barrels of oil a day.该公司每天买卖约60万 桶石油。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 单项填空 — There are many cars on the roads. — Yes. They use ________ oil and cause ________ serious pollution. A．so much; such B．so much; so C．so many; so D．so many; such 14. mixture /ˈmɪkstʃə(r)/ n. (尤指烹饪中的) 混合液，混合料；混合 [词汇拓展] mix (v.) (使) 混合；融合；调配 [词汇搭配] add the egg mixture添加鸡蛋混合物；a mixture of ... and... ...和...的混合 [词汇例句] The city is a mixture of old and new buildings.这座城市是新老建筑兼而有之。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Stir the flour and water to make a ________. A．solid B．mixture C．powder D．liquid 15. firm /fɜːm/ adj. 结实的，坚实的；稳固的，牢固的；坚定的，坚决的；n.公司，商行 [词汇拓展] firmly(adv.)稳固地；坚定地；firmness(n.)坚固，结实；坚定 [词汇搭配] a firm bed结实的床；take a firm stand采取坚定的立场 [词汇例句] They remained firm friends.他们依然友情甚笃。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Though she met with difficulties, she ________ believed that hard work could lead to success. A．firmly B．firm C．certain D．certainly 3、 重难句型解析 1. I always grow hungry thinking of them! 一想到它们，我就饿了。 · 句中grow用作系动词，表示“变得”，后常接形容词作表语。 如：The skies grew dark and it began to rain.天渐渐黑了，又下起雨来。 · thinking of them是非谓语动词短语用作状语。动词-ing形式的非谓语与其逻辑主语构成主动关系，此句中thinking的逻辑主语是I。 如：My sister is lying on the bed, reading a book. 我妹妹正躺在床上读书。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Passengers on the plane began to grow ________ after waiting for 4 hours. A．happy B．happily C．unhappy D．unhappily (2) ________ on the boat, we feel like the mountains are moving backwards. A．Sit B．To sit C．Sitting D．Sits 2. When I fall ill, my mother always makes plain rice porridge for me.我生病时，妈妈总是给我做白米饭粥。 句中When I fall ill是一个时间状语从句。其中fall表示“进入(某状态)”,类似用法如fall asleep入睡；fall silent变得静悄悄的。 如：It is almost impossible to visit Hangzhou without falling in love with the city.去杭州观光而不爱上这个城 市几乎不可能。 When I was away, my uncle helped me take care of my pet cat.我不在的时候，我的叔叔帮我照顾我的宠 物猫。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 We met a nice and friendly neighbor ________ we lived in Shanghai. A．if B．although C．since D．when 3. For me, however, it’s the best food in the world.然而，对我来说，这是世界上最好的食物。 这是一个常用最高级的结构：the+最高级+n.+范围。 如：Mount Qomolangma is highest mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Some people think ________ plant in the world is bamboo. A．useful B．more useful C．most useful D．the most useful 4. And it’s better medicine than a pill! 而且，它比药片更有疗效！ 这是一个常用的比较级的结构：比较级+than+比较对象。 如：This problem is much easier than that one, so I can solve it quickly.这个问题比那个问题容易得多，所以 我能很快解决它。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 To go to a better high school, you need to work ________ than before. A．more hardly B．harder C．hardlier D．more hard 5. Stir it until it becomes golden yellow.搅拌至变成金黄色。 · Stir it是一个祈使句，用于提出建议、表明命令等。 如：Open the door. 把门打开。 Add some sugar. 加些糖。 · until it becomes golden yellow是until 引导时间状语从句，表示“直到...时候”。 如：He slept until his mother came back. 他一直睡到他妈妈回来。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) ________ your mobile phone in the locker and ________ if you bring it to school. A．Keep; turn it off B．Keeping; turn it off C．Keep; turn off it D．Keeping; turn off it (2) The kid kept knocking at the door ________ someone answered it. A．if B．until C．unless D．when 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) The doctor gave me a ________ (药片) for my headache. (2) I want to make ________ (三明治) for my classmates. (3) Mom made some apple ________ (派). You can have a try. (4) You should add some salt and ________ (胡椒粉). (5) We use olive ________ (食用油) to make salad. (6) The boy wanted to pour the ________ (混合液) into the glass. (7) My mum asked me to wash the ________ after dinner. (盘子) (8) He used a ________to cook noodles. (9) Lily sometimes eats ________for dinner. (10) We have many ________ (胡萝卜)in the yard. (11) In order to eat more healthily, my mum makes a family ________ (菜单) specially at home. (12) Would like to have some ________(牛肉)or ________(羊肉)? (13) There are some ________ ________(肥的母鸡) in the yard. (14) My mum doesn’t like the ________ ________ ________(洋葱的味道). (15) When we eat ________ ________ ________ (白粥), mum always cooks some salted vegetables. (16) Help me ________ ________ ________(打两个鸡蛋). (17) The cookie ________ ________(尝起来很美味). I want to eat another one. (18) He coughed badly, and the doctor advised him to ________ ________ ________ (吃一些药). 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的词使句意完整。 (1) I want to learn how to cook __________ (taste) vegetable salad. (2) — Do you have any good eating habits, Kate? — Of course. I eat a lot of vegetables, such as ________ (onion), carrots and cabbages. (3) The ________ (medicine) teams spend most of their time and energy saving people’s lives. (4) My grandma has to take some ________ (medicine) before meals. (5) Take these ________ (pill) and they can help you sleep better at night. (6) The three men remained ________ (silence) during the meal. (7) I usually have some ________ (sandwich) and fruit for lunch. (8) He likes to add the ________ (salt) and ________ (pepper) in the soup. (9) Our class ______ (beat) Class One and won the football game. (10) The soup smells good, but it tastes a little ________ (salt). (11) We should ________ the butter and the flour before we make a cake. (mixture) (12) After the special care, the sick cat looks much ________ (fat) and healthier now. (13) I have many sweet ________ (memory) of my summer holidays. (14) The children ran out, ________ (wave) their flags happily. (15) People can pay for things by ________ (they) own phones now. (16) This is the ________ (simple) way of all to solve the math problem. (17) Please cut the potatoes ________ pieces. (18) The cute baby didn’t stop crying ________ she saw her mother. 3. 单项填空。 (1) —Is there any ________ in the fridge? —No, there isn’t. There are some ________. A．beef; strawberries B．pork; bread C．pork; strawberry D．beef; bread (2) They bought some ________ and fresh vegetables like ________ and tomatoes in the new supermarket. A．salt; pepper B．salt; peppers C．pepper; salt (3) Mum needs an _________ to cook the dish. A．tomato B．potato C．onion D．pepper (4) If you want to do well in a test, you can’t wait__________ the last minute to study for it. A．by B．after C．until D．during (5) I want to buy three ________ of pizza ________ the party. A．cartons; of B．pieces; of C．pieces; for D．slice; for (6) This kind of tofu looks ________, but smells ________. A．nice; terrible B．well; terribly C．well; bad D．badly; terribly (7) —The hot mapo tofu is ready. Help yourself, please! —Wow! It __________ delicious. A．tastes B．sounds C．feels D．remains (8) Mr Smith likes the photo very much. Because it always ________ his memory of carrying his son on his back. A．laughs at B．rises to C．fills with D．brings back 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 语法填空。 A traditional food Jiaozi, also called dumplings, is very famous in China. It’s 1 symbol of family love and happiness. Many Chinese people like it. It’s not only my mother’s favorite food but also 2 (I). The Spring Festival is the best time for us to enjoy the food. No one is absent 3 the festival. We sit together, making Jiaozi and sharing stories. My mother is really good at making it. Here are the steps. First, prepare the fillings (馅料). 4 makes Jiaozi delicious and healthy? The fresh ingredients! There 5 (be) colorful vegetables like carrots and cabbage with meat inside. My mother always does it 6 (careful) to make the taste perfect. Then, we make the dough (面团). Next, put the fillings into the dough and cut it into small 7 (piece). My mother encourages me 8 (make) the beautiful shapes . “Practice makes perfect,” she says. When we finish making them, we put the dumplings in hot water. Finally, the whole family sits together and 9 (enjoy) the meal. Jiaozi is delicious and carries people’s love and wishes. I feel 10 (luck) to grow up with such a meaningful dish. Why not try making Jiaozi with your family? It’s fun and full of warmth! 2. 阅读理解 A December 22nd is a special day this year. It is the shortest day of the year. Chinese people call it Dongzhi. The name means “the coming of the winter”. On this day, people in the north of China eat dumplings. They usually eat dumplings with different vegetables and meat inside. Sometimes, people put a coin (硬币) inside. If you happen to get the coin, you will have good luck. People think eating dumplings is a good way to keep healthy. As the old saying goes, “Eating dumplings on Dongzhi keeps the ears from frostbite (冻伤).” In the south of China, people eat tangyuan on the day of Dongzhi. The little tangyuan balls are made from sticky rice. They have different kinds of sweet fillings. People hope eating tangyuan can bring them a happy and sweet life. In some places, people also make a special kind of rice wine. The wine helps the body keep warm on cold days. 1．What do people in the north of China eat on Dongzhi? A．Dumplings. B．Rice wine. C．Tangyuan. D．Rice dumplings. 2．If you want to have good luck, what will you put into dumplings? A．Vegetables. B．Meat. C．A coin. D．Sweet fillings. 3．What do the underlined words “sticky rice” mean in Chinese? A．大米 B．糯米 C．面粉 D．小麦 4．Why do people eat tangyuan on Dongzhi? A．Because they can have good luck. B．Because they want to get together. C．Because it keeps their ears from frostbite. D．Because they hope eating tangyuan can bring them a happy and sweet life. 5．What’s the passage mainly about? A．The end of the winter—Dongzhi. B．The traditional (传统的) food and their meanings in China on Dongzhi. C．Different kinds of dumplings on Dongzhi. D．The importance of Dongzhi in China. B It’s time to enjoy the special warm porridge of winter! In China, the 12th month of the lunar calendar (农历) is called La Yue. Chinese people celebrate the Laba Festival on the eighth day of the month. After the festival, people begin to get ready for the Spring Festival. On the Laba Festival, people eat the hot Laba porridge. To make the porridge nice, people often cook it with eight different things. It usually has rice, red beans, dried lotus seeds (干的莲子), some nuts and different kinds of dried fruits. But you can put other things you like in the porridge, too. At midnight before the festival, people begin to cook it, but they won’t have it until the next morning because it usually takes a lot of time to make it delicious. The porridge is also called Eight Treasure Porridge. Most people like having it because the porridge is not only good for health, but also a blessing (祝福) for the coming of the Spring Festival. Is your family ready to make the porridge this year? 1．What do Chinese people do after the Laba Festival? A．People begin to get ready for the Spring Festival. B．People enjoy the special warm porridge of winter. C．People celebrate the Laba Festival on the eighth day of the month. D．People eat the hot Laba porridge on this day. 2．How many things do people often cook the porridge with? A．Eight treasures. B．Eight different things. C．Different kinds of dried fruits. D．Any things you like. 3．When do people begin to cook the porridge? A．In the morning on that day B．At midnight on that day. C．In the morning after that day. D．At midnight before that day. 4．Why do most people like Eight Treasure Porridge? A．Because there are eight treasures in the porridge. B．Because it usually takes a lot of time to make the porridge delicious. C．Because people celebrate the Laba Festival on the eighth day of the month. D．Because it is not only good for health but also a blessing for the Spring Festival. 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Customs of the Laba Festival B．Different Chinese Festivals C．Celebrations for the Spring Festival D．How to Celebrate the Chinese New Year 3. 任务型阅读 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答问题。 Last winter, Tom, a 15 year-old-boy-from America visited his cousin Li Ming in Chengdu, China. Li Ming wanted Tom to try famous Sichuan food, so he took Tom to eat hot pot. At the restaurant, when Tom smelled something strong and spicy (辣的), he felt excited. It was different from American food. They sat at a table with a big pot in the middle. Li Ming said, “Let’s try the spicy soup. It’s special here!” Then he decided to have beef, mutton, tofu and vegetables for the pot. When the pot became hot, Li Ming taught Tom how to cook the food. Tom put beef into the pot but took it out quickly. Li Ming laughed and said, “Wait longer. It is not cooked well!” A moment later, Tom tasted the beef again. His mouth felt hot like fire, but he smiled and said, “So spicy... but so good!" They ate happily and talked a lot. After dinner, Tom loved hot pot so much that he wanted to make it at home and share it with his family. Now, as time goes by, Tom’s love for hot pot remains strong. His friends always have hot pot when they meet up. It becomes a symbol of their friendship and good times. 1．Where is Tom from? 2．How did Tom feel when he smelled something strong and spicy at the restaurant? 3．What food did Li Ming decide to have for the pot? 4．What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指的是)? 5．What did Tom want to do after eating hot pot for dinner? 4. 完形填空 When talking about the food, people in the north of China and in the south of China have 1 ideas. As China is such a big country, food 2 the same name tastes different in different areas. For example, when discussing tofu curd (豆腐脑), a common snack for breakfast, they usually talk about whether we should 3 salt or sugar. For another example, during the Dragon Boat Festival, it is 4 to eat zongzi. People in the south of China 5 zongzi filled with salty meat and eggs. 6 , people in the north of China like sweet zongzi better. Though people have different eating habits, Chinese people love 7 together. Because eating together is a 8 of unity (团结). Hot pot is one typical (典型的) family-friendly dish for us. That is 9 because people can just sit around and put the food they like into the pot while 10 their loved ones. 1．A．similar B．different C．useful D．fresh 2．A．for B．in C．with D．at 3．A．add B．sell C．buy D．cook 4．A．creative B．foreign C．dangerous D．traditional 5．A．forget B．enjoy C．stand D．dislike 6．A．Because B．If C．However D．So 7．A．singing B．playing C．studying D．eating 8．A．symbol B．interest C．habit D．use 9．A．probably B．luckily C．quietly D．hardly 10．A．looking for B．shouting at C．talking with D．beginning with 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Food matters 核心知识点精讲精练 1 (Understanding ideas) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Understanding ideas；Grammar和Developing ideas三个部分。 · Understanding ideas包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空，单项填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空或语篇填空等)。 1、 重点短语集锦 1. fish and chips 炸鱼薯条 2. signature dish 招牌菜 3. around the world 世界各地；全世界 4. green onion 葱；青葱 5. thousand-year egg 皮蛋 6. the taste and smell of ... …… 的味道和气味 7. a certain food 某种食物 8. bring back 使回忆起；带回 9. start with 以…… 开始；从…… 入手 10. do magic 施展魔力；有神奇效果 11. mapo tofu 麻婆豆腐 12. a big fat hen 一只肥硕的母鸡 13. a pot of warm chicken soup 一锅温热的鸡汤 14. grow hungry 感到饿了 15. think of 想到；想起 16. wake up 醒来；唤醒 17. sweet eight-treasure porridge 香甜八宝粥 18. each kind of 每一种 19. in one's own way 以某人自己的方式 20. fall ill 生病 21. plain rice porridge 白粥 22. away from 远离 23. remain strong 保持强壮 24. scrambled eggs with tomatoes 西红柿炒鸡蛋 25. cut...into... 把…… 切成…… 26. beat two eggs 打两个鸡蛋 27. a little salt 少许盐 28. golden yellow 金黄色 29. add...to... 把…… 加入…… 30. put...back... 把…… 放回…… 31. mix...with... 把…… 和…… 混合 32. turn off 关掉（电器、火等） 2、 重点词汇解析 1. delicious /dɪˈlɪʃəs/ adj. 令人愉快的；美味的 [词汇搭配] deliciously(adv.)令人愉悦地；美味地；delicacy(n.)精美的食物；佳肴 yum/yummy(adj.)好吃的；mouth-watering(adj.)(食物)令人垂涎的 [词汇例句] delicious memories令人愉悦的记忆；delicious food美味的食物 [随学随练] Food with much sugar is delicious but unhealthy.含糖太多的食物很美味但不健康。 单项填空。 —Wang Tian, thanks for your zongzi. It’s really ________. —You’re welcome! I’m happy you like it. A．hot B．clean C．delicious D．meaningful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——王天，谢谢你的粽子。它真的很好吃。——不客气！我很高兴你喜欢。 考查形容词辨析。hot热的；clean干净的；delicious美味的；meaningful有意义的。根据“thanks for your zongzi”以及“I’m happy you like it”可知，此处是对他人赠送的食物表示感谢并称赞其味道好。delicious符合语境。故选C。 2. taste /teɪst/ n.味道；体验，尝试；爱好，志趣；鉴赏力，品味；v.有……味道；尝 [词汇拓展] tasty (adj.)美味的 [词汇搭配] the taste of sth. ……的味道；be in bad/poor taste趣味低级，粗俗 be in good taste适度，得体 [词汇用法] · taste可以用作系动词，表示“有...味道”，后常跟形容味道的形容词。 It tastes good.味道很不错。 · taste作动词时，还可以表示“尝，品尝”。 Taste it and see if you think there's enough salt in it.你尝尝看这够不够咸。 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中taste的中文意思。 (1) This was Lucy’s first taste of making paper-cutting. (n.)体验，尝试 (2) I don't like the taste of stinky tofu. (n.)味道，滋味 (3) He has very good taste in modern art. (n.) 鉴赏力，品味 (4) Traditional plays are not to everyone's taste . (n.)爱好，志趣 (5) For foreigners, the thousand-year eggs taste strange. (v.)有...味道 (6) Taste it and see if you think there's enough salt(盐) in it. (v.)品尝 3. beef /biːf/ n. 牛肉 mutton /ˈmʌtn/ n. 羊肉 [词汇搭配] pork(n.)猪肉；meat(n.)(可食用的)肉 [词汇例句] Would you like some beef or mutton? 你想要写牛肉还是羊肉？ [词汇用法] · 肉类名词通常都是不可数名词。对应的动物名词通常都是可数名词。 The boy likes beef a lot. 这个男孩子很喜欢吃牛肉。 There are some cows on the grass. 草地上有些母牛。 · 有些词既表示动物，也可以表示肉，既可以用作可数名词，也可以用作不可数名词，如chicken,fish,duck等，在使用时要注意区别可数与不可数。 We bought a chicken this morning. And we will eat chicken for lunch. 我们早上买了一只鸡。中餐将 吃鸡肉。(第一个chicken表示动物“鸡”，用作可数名词；第二个chicken表示肉“鸡肉”，用 作不可数名词。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) We need to buy some ______ and two______ for dinner this evening. A．tomatoes; kilo of pork B．tomato; kilos of meat C．potatoes; kilos of beef D．potato; kilo of beef 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今晚我们需要买一些土豆和两公斤牛肉做晚餐。 考查名词的数与不可数名词的计量表达。tomatoes西红柿，复数；kilo of pork一公斤猪肉；tomato西红柿，单数；kilos of meat几公斤肉；potatoes土豆，复数；kilos of beef几公斤牛肉；potato土豆，单数；kilo of beef一公斤牛肉。some后接不可数名词或可数名词复数，排除BD；two后接复数计量单位，排除A。故选C。 (2) Jackson often eats some ________ and ________ for dinner. A．potato; meats B．cabbages; muttons C．pancake; fishes D．fish; potatoes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：杰克逊经常吃一些鱼和土豆作为晚餐。 考查名词的数。potato土豆，名词单数；meats错误表达；cabbages卷心菜；muttons错误表达；pancake煎饼；fishes多种鱼类；fish鱼肉，不可数名词；potatoes土豆，名词复数。根据“some”可知，设空处填不可数名词或可数名词复数形式，第一空填fish，表示鱼肉；第二空填potatoes。故选D。 4. fat /fæt/ adj. 肥胖的；厚的 n. 脂肪 [词汇拓展] <比较级>fatter；<最高级>fattest；fatty(adj.)含脂肪多的，肥的；fatness(n.)肥胖 fatten(v.)(使)长胖，长肥 [词汇搭配] a big fat hen一只肥硕的母鸡；a fat book一本厚书 [词汇用法] · fat用作形容词，表示“肥胖的”，形容某人肥胖时过于直接，而且会被认为没有礼貌。更礼貌的说法是plump或chubby，其中chubby更口语化。形容某人因块头过大或体重过重而出现健康问题时用overweight和obese。 · fat用作名词，表示“人或动物的脂肪”或“食物中的脂肪”，也可以表示“（烹调用的）动植物油”。 foods which are low in fat 低脂肪食物 When you use oil or fat for cooking, use as little as possible.烹调时不论是植物油还是动物油，都要 尽量少用。 [随学随练] 用fat适当形式填空。 (1) The pigs must be the ________ (fat) animals on the farm. 【答案】fattest 【详解】句意：这些猪一定是农场里最胖的动物。 根据“on the farm”，表示在多个事物中进行比较，要用形容词的最高级形式。“fat”的最高级是“fattest”，且最高级前通常要加“the”，句中已经有“the”。故填fattest。   (2) Will eating too much Lanzhou beef noodles make me ________ (fat) than before? 【答案】fatter 【详解】句意：吃太多兰州牛肉面会让我变得比以前更胖吗？根据“than before”可知，横线处需填形容词比较级，fat“胖的”，形容词，其比较级形式为fatter。故填fatter。 (3) Tom is as ________ (fat) as Jim. 【答案】fat 【详解】句意：汤姆和吉姆一样胖。根据“as...as”可知本题是同级比较，故要用形容词或副词原级，又因为动词是be动词is，故用形容词。故填fat。 (4) Sweet things often have a lot of salt, sugar and ________ (脂肪). 【答案】fat 【详解】句意：甜食通常含有大量的盐、糖和脂肪。fat“脂肪”，不可数名词。故填fat。 5. pot /pɒt/ n. （通常为金属制成的圆而深的）锅；（盛食品的）罐，瓶，壶 pan /pæn/ n. （长柄有盖的）锅，平底锅 [词汇拓展] hot pot 火锅；flowerpot(n.)花盆；pancake(n.)薄(烤、烙)煎饼 [词汇搭配] a pot of warm chicken soup一锅热鸡汤；in a hot pan 热锅里 pots and pans锅碗瓢盆 [词汇例句] They drank a pot of coffee. 他们喝了一壶咖啡。 pot pan 6. onion /ˈʌnjən/ n. 洋葱（头） [词汇搭配] green onions葱；青葱 [词汇例句] Store onions in a cool dry place. 把洋葱存放在凉爽干燥的地方 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) We need a ________ and some tomatoes to make dinner. A．onion B．carrot C．mutton D．eggs 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们需要一根胡萝卜和一些西红柿来做晚饭。 考查名词辨析。onion洋葱，单数名词；carrot胡萝卜，单数名词；mutton羊肉，不可数名词；eggs鸡蛋，复数名词。根据“We need a...”可知，空前有a，此处应为单数名词，且为辅音音素开头的词，carrot为单数，且为辅音音素开头的名词。故选B。 (2) —What kind of food do you like? —I like ________. A．mutton and onion dumplings B．mutton and onions dumplings C．mutton and onion dumpling D．mutton and onions dumpling 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么样的食物？——我喜欢羊肉洋葱饺子。 考查名词的数。dumpling“饺子”，是可数名词，此处应用其复数形式，因此排除C项和D项；“mutton and onion”作定语，修饰名词dumplings，应用单数形式，排除B项。故选A。 7. porridge /ˈpɒrɪdʒ/ n. 粥 [词汇搭配] sweet eight-treasure porridge香甜八宝粥；plain rice porridge白粥 [词汇例句] We often have porridge in the morning. 早上我们通常喝粥。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —You look so healthy. —Because I never eat junk food and I often have ________ and ________ for dinner. A．porridges; fish B．porridges; fishes C．porridge; fish D．porridge; fishes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你看起来很健康。——因为我从不吃垃圾食品，我经常晚餐吃粥和鱼肉。 考查名词的单复数。porridge“粥”，是不可数名词，不能加-s，排除A项和B项；fish指鱼肉时，为不可数名词，表示“鱼肉”，不加-s，排除D项。故选C。 8. medicine /ˈmedɪsən/ n. 药，药物（尤指口服的药水） pill /pɪl/ n. 药丸，药片 [词汇拓展] medical (adj.) 医学的 [词汇搭配] take some medicine 服药；traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)中医 the best medicine（改进状况的）最佳方法；（尤指）除去心病的良方 take a pill 服药；sleeping pill 安眠药 [词汇例句] The doctor asked him to take the medicine three times a day. 医生让他一天吃三次药。 [单词辨析] pill / tablet / medicine · pill常指圆形的药丸，是可数名词。 · tablet常指扁平、椭圆形的药片。现代英语中常指 “平板电脑”。 · medicine表示“药”时，常用作不可数名词。此外，medicine还可以表示“医学”。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) I have a cold. I need to take some ________. A．medicine B．pancake C．porridge D．onion 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我感冒了，我需要吃药。 考查名词辨析。medicine药；pancake烙饼；porridge粥；onion洋葱。根据“I have a cold.”可知，生病了应该吃药，take some medicine“吃药”。故选A。 (2) The doctor advised him to take one ________ three times a day after meals. A．medicine B．lesson C．pill D．picture 【答案】C 【详解】句意：医生建议他饭后服药，一日三次，每次一片。 考查名词辨析。medicine药；lesson课程；pill药片；picture图片。根据“The doctor advised him”可知，此处是医生给出的用药建议，空格前有数词one，需要单数可数名词，medicine通常为不可数名词，不能直接和数词one搭配，只有pill符合要求。故选C。 9. remain /rɪˈmeɪn/ v. 继续，依然（保持某种状态) [词汇拓展] remaining (adj.) 剩下的；remains(n.)遗骸，残骸；遗迹 [词汇搭配] remain strong依然很强烈；remain silent依然沉默；remained in Shanghai继续在上海 [词汇用法] · remain可以用作系动词，表示“保持不变，依然（保持某种状态)”。 The three men remained silent. 这3个人保持着沉默。 · remain也可用作不及物动词，表示“继续存在；逗留”等意。 They remained in the town. 它们仍在在镇子上。 [词汇例句] Many of the differences in everyday life remain. 日常生活中的许多差异仍然存在。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Long time no see. Your garden remains ________. —Thank you. I never give up ________. A．beautiful, work B．beautifully, working C．beautiful, working D．beautifully, to work 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——好久不见。你的花园依然很美。——谢谢。我从未放弃打理它。 考查词汇辨析和非谓语动词。beautiful美丽的，形容词；beautifully美丽地，副词。第一空位于系动词remains后作表语，应用形容词，因此选beautiful；动词短语give up后需接动名词作宾语，所以第二空应用working。故选C。 10. pepper /ˈpepə/ n. 胡椒粉；甜椒，柿子椒 [词汇搭配] green pepper青椒；red pepper红椒；black pepper黑胡椒粉；white pepper白胡椒粉 [词汇用法] · pepper表示“胡椒粉”，用作不可数名词。 Add salt and pepper to taste.适量放盐和胡椒粉。 · pepper表示“甜椒”，一般用作可数名词。 We should buy some big red peppers. 我们应该买些大红甜椒。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) — ___________ pepper do you need, Dad? — Two spoons. A．How many B．How much C．Which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爸爸，你需要多少胡椒粉？——两勺。 考查疑问词辨析。how many意为“多少”，用来询问可数名词的数量；how much意为“多少”，用来 询问价格或不可数名词的数量；which意为“哪一个”，用于对一个范围内的人或物进行选择。由答语 “两勺”可知，上句是对数量进行提问，再由pepper是不可数名词可知，要用how much ，故选B。 (2) He’s bought ________ green peppers but only ________ cooking oil. A．too much; a few B．too many; a little C．a few; too little D．a little; too many 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他买了太多青椒，但只买了一点食用油。 考查形容词短语和不定代词。too much太多，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词复数；too many太多，修饰可数名词复数；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；too little太少，修饰不可数名词。peppers为可数名词复数，所以第一空可用too many或a few修饰，排除选项A和D；oil为不可数名词，且only a little意为“只有一点”，所以第二空应用a little，故选B。 11. beat /biːt/ v. 搅拌，搅打；敲，打；打败；胜过，比...更好；（使）规律作响；n. 敲击；跳动；节拍，节奏 [词汇拓展] <过去式>beat；<过去分词> beaten /ˈbiːtn/；heartbeat(n.)心跳（声） [词汇搭配] beat two eggs 打两个鸡蛋；beat down 砸开，砸破；beat down on...（阳光）强烈照射 [词汇例句] [随学随练] 写出下列句子中beat的中文含义。 (1) We heard the drums beating . （使）规律作响 (2) Nothing beats home cooking. (v.)胜过，比...更好 (3) He could hear the beat of his heart. (n.)跳动 (4) Hailstones(冰雹) beat against the window (v.)敲，打 (5) This type of music has a strong beat to it. (n.)节拍，节奏 (6) We beat Class 3 in the basketball match. (v.)打败 (7) Beat the flour and milk together. (v.)搅拌，搅打 12. salt /sɔːlt/ n. 盐，食盐；adj. 含盐的；用盐腌制的 v.给（食物）加盐，用盐腌制（食物） [词汇拓展] salty(adj.)咸的；salted(adj.)加了盐的；咸的；sugar(n.)食糖 [词汇搭配] add a little salt添一点盐；salted peanuts咸花生米；salt water海水；salt beef腌牛肉 [词汇例句] Season with salt and pepper. 放盐和胡椒粉调味。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —Mummy, ________ ________ salt can we have every day? —No more than five grams. A．How far B．How long C．How many D．How much 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我们每天可以吃多少盐？——不超过五克。 How far多远；How long多长/多久；How many多少；How much多少。根据“salt”可知，salt为不可数名词。How many用于修饰可数名词复数，而How much用于修饰不可数名词，询问其“多少”或“重量”。结合语境及答语“No more than five grams”可知，此处在询问不可数名词salt的摄入量。应填How much。 (2) —There ________ no salt at home. Remember to buy ________ this afternoon. —OK, Dad! A．is; two bags of salt B．is; two bag of salt C．are; two bag of salt D．are; two bags of salt 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——家里没有盐了。记得今天下午买两袋盐。——好的，爸爸！ 考查there be句型和不可数名词数的表达。第一空，根据“There...no salt at home.”可知，此句是there be句型，表示“有”，be动词的形式遵循“就近原则”，salt是不可数名词，因此be动词用is，故排除C和D；第二空，两袋盐的英文表达为“two bags of salt”，bag是可数名词，此处应用复数形式，salt是不可数名词。故选A。 13. oil /ɔɪl/ n. 植物油，动物油；石油；润肤油，防护油；(绘画用)油彩 [词汇拓展] oily(adj.)含油的 [词汇搭配] add more oil to the pan往锅里多加些油；vegetable oil植物油 [词汇例句] The company buys and sells about 600,000 barrels of oil a day.该公司每天买卖约60万 桶石油。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 单项填空 — There are many cars on the roads. — Yes. They use ________ oil and cause ________ serious pollution. A．so much; such B．so much; so C．so many; so D．so many; such 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——马路上有很多汽车。——是的。它们用如此多的油，也造成如此严重的污染。 考查so much，so many，so和such 辨析。so much如此多的，修饰不可数名词；so many如此多的，修饰可数名词复数；so如此的，修饰形容词或副词；such如此的，修饰名词。oil“石油”，是不可数名词，第一空应用so much，意为“如此多的油”；而第二空后pollution“污染”，是不可数名词，应用such修饰，意为“如此严重的污染”。故选A。 14. mixture /ˈmɪkstʃə(r)/ n. (尤指烹饪中的) 混合液，混合料；混合 [词汇拓展] mix (v.) (使) 混合；融合；调配 [词汇搭配] add the egg mixture添加鸡蛋混合物；a mixture of ... and... ...和...的混合 [词汇例句] The city is a mixture of old and new buildings.这座城市是新老建筑兼而有之。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Stir the flour and water to make a ________. A．solid B．mixture C．powder D．liquid 【答案】B 【详解】句意：把面粉和水搅拌成混合物。 考查名词辨析。solid固体；mixture混合物；powder粉末；liquid液体。根据“Stir the flour and water to make a...”和常识可知，在搅拌面粉和水时，通常形成的是一种“混合物”，此处使用“mixture”意为“混合物”，符合语境。故选B。 15. firm /fɜːm/ adj. 结实的，坚实的；稳固的，牢固的；坚定的，坚决的；n.公司，商行 [词汇拓展] firmly(adv.)稳固地；坚定地；firmness(n.)坚固，结实；坚定 [词汇搭配] a firm bed结实的床；take a firm stand采取坚定的立场 [词汇例句] They remained firm friends.他们依然友情甚笃。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Though she met with difficulties, she ________ believed that hard work could lead to success. A．firmly B．firm C．certain D．certainly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虽然她遇到了困难，但是她坚信勤劳地工作可以走向成功。 考查形容词和副词辨析。firmly坚定地；firm坚定的；certain确定的；certainly确定地。此处修饰动词“believed”，应用副词“firmly”，表示坚信。故选A。 3、 重难句型解析 1. I always grow hungry thinking of them! 一想到它们，我就饿了。 · 句中grow用作系动词，表示“变得”，后常接形容词作表语。 如：The skies grew dark and it began to rain.天渐渐黑了，又下起雨来。 · thinking of them是非谓语动词短语用作状语。动词-ing形式的非谓语与其逻辑主语构成主动关系，此句中thinking的逻辑主语是I。 如：My sister is lying on the bed, reading a book. 我妹妹正躺在床上读书。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Passengers on the plane began to grow ________ after waiting for 4 hours. A．happy B．happily C．unhappy D．unhappily 【答案】C 【详解】句意：飞机上的乘客在等待了四个小时后开始变得不开心。 考查词汇辨析。happy开心的；happily开心地；unhappy不开心的；unhappily不开心地。根据“after waiting for 4 hours”可知等了四个小时应是不开心的，grow后接形容词作表语，表示“变得不开心”，用“unhappy”。故选C。 (2) ________ on the boat, we feel like the mountains are moving backwards. A．Sit B．To sit C．Sitting D．Sits 【答案】C 【详解】句意：坐在船上，我们感觉山在向后退。 此处需要作句子的状语，且主语we和sit是主动关系，应用现在分词Sitting作状语。 2. When I fall ill, my mother always makes plain rice porridge for me.我生病时，妈妈总是给我做白米饭粥。 句中When I fall ill是一个时间状语从句。其中fall表示“进入(某状态)”,类似用法如fall asleep入睡；fall silent变得静悄悄的。 如：It is almost impossible to visit Hangzhou without falling in love with the city.去杭州观光而不爱上这个城 市几乎不可能。 When I was away, my uncle helped me take care of my pet cat.我不在的时候，我的叔叔帮我照顾我的宠 物猫。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 We met a nice and friendly neighbor ________ we lived in Shanghai. A．if B．although C．since D．when 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们住在上海时遇到了一位友好的邻居。 考查连词。if如果；although尽管；since自从；when当……时。根据“We met a nice and friendly neighbor…we lived in Shanghai.”的语境可知，说明“遇到邻居”发生在 “住在上海”的期间，when符合。故选D。 3. For me, however, it’s the best food in the world.然而，对我来说，这是世界上最好的食物。 这是一个常用最高级的结构：the+最高级+n.+范围。 如：Mount Qomolangma is highest mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Some people think ________ plant in the world is bamboo. A．useful B．more useful C．most useful D．the most useful 【答案】D 【详解】句意：有些人认为世界上最有用的植物是竹子。 考查形容词最高级。useful有用的；more useful更有用的；most useful最有用的；the most useful最有用的。根据“in the world”可知，此处表示“世界上最有用的植物”，应用最高级，且最高级前通常加定冠词the。故选D。 4. And it’s better medicine than a pill! 而且，它比药片更有疗效！ 这是一个常用的比较级的结构：比较级+than+比较对象。 如：This problem is much easier than that one, so I can solve it quickly.这个问题比那个问题容易得多，所以 我能很快解决它。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 To go to a better high school, you need to work ________ than before. A．more hardly B．harder C．hardlier D．more hard 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了去一所更好的高中，你需要比以前更努力地学习。 hard努力地；困难的，harder更努力地，hardly几乎不；简直不。than是比较级的标志词，hard的比较级是harder。 5. Stir it until it becomes golden yellow.搅拌至变成金黄色。 · Stir it是一个祈使句，用于提出建议、表明命令等。 如：Open the door. 把门打开。 Add some sugar. 加些糖。 · until it becomes golden yellow是until 引导时间状语从句，表示“直到...时候”。 如：He slept until his mother came back. 他一直睡到他妈妈回来。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) ________ your mobile phone in the locker and ________ if you bring it to school. A．Keep; turn it off B．Keeping; turn it off C．Keep; turn off it D．Keeping; turn off it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：把你的手机放在储物柜里，如果你把它带到学校要关掉它。 keep存放，动词原形；keeping存放，动名词；turn off关闭。本句是祈使句，谓语动词应用原形，故第一空填Keep；turn off是“动词+副词”短语，当代词it作宾语时，需放在动词和副词之间，即turn it off。应填Keep；turn it off。 (2) The kid kept knocking at the door ________ someone answered it. A．if B．until C．unless D．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个孩子不停地敲门，直到有人应答为止。 if如果；until直到……为止；unless除非；when当……时。根据“The kid kept knocking at the door”可知动作持续进行，结合“someone answered it”可知持续到有人应答动作才结束，符合until引导时间状语从句的用法。 4、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) The doctor gave me a ________ (药片) for my headache. 【答案】pill (2) I want to make ________ (三明治) for my classmates. 【答案】sandwiches (3) Mom made some apple ________ (派). You can have a try. 【答案】pies (4) You should add some salt and ________ (胡椒粉). 【答案】pepper (5) We use olive ________ (食用油) to make salad. 【答案】oil (6) The boy wanted to pour the ________ (混合液) into the glass. 【答案】mixture (7) My mum asked me to wash the ________ after dinner. (盘子) 【答案】plates (8) He used a ________to cook noodles. 【答案】pot (9) Lily sometimes eats ________for dinner. 【答案】pancakes (10) We have many ________ (胡萝卜)in the yard. 【答案】 carrots (11) In order to eat more healthily, my mum makes a family ________ (菜单) specially at home. 【答案】 menu (12) Would like to have some ________(牛肉)or ________(羊肉)? 【答案】 beef ； mutton (13) There are some ________ ________(肥的母鸡) in the yard. 【答案】 fat hens (14) My mum doesn’t like the ________ ________ ________(洋葱的味道). 【答案】 taste of onions (15) When we eat ________ ________ ________ (白粥), mum always cooks some salted vegetables. 【答案】 plain rice porridge (16) Help me ________ ________ ________(打两个鸡蛋). 【答案】 beat two eggs (17) The cookie ________ ________(尝起来很美味). I want to eat another one. 【答案】 tastes delicious (18) He coughed badly, and the doctor advised him to ________ ________ ________ (吃一些药). 【答案】 take some medicine 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者填上合适的词使句意完整。 (1) I want to learn how to cook __________ (taste) vegetable salad. 【答案】tasty 【详解】句意：我想学习如何做美味的蔬菜沙拉。根据句子结构可知，空处修饰名词vegetable salad，需用形容词形式；taste为名词或动词，其形容词形式为tasty，意为“美味的”。故填tasty。 (2) — Do you have any good eating habits, Kate? — Of course. I eat a lot of vegetables, such as ________ (onion), carrots and cabbages. 【答案】onions 【详解】句意：——凯特，你有什么良好的饮食习惯吗？——当然。我经常吃很多蔬菜，比如洋葱、胡萝卜和卷心菜。根据“...carrots and cabbages”可知，and连接并列名词，carrots and cabbages为复数形式，空格处也应使用复数。故填onions。 (3) The ________ (medicine) teams spend most of their time and energy saving people’s lives. 【答案】medical 【详解】句意：医疗队把大部分时间和精力都用在拯救生命上。句中teams为名词，需要用形容词来修饰。medicine为名词，“医学；药物”，其形容词形式为medical医疗的，医学的。应填medical。 (4) My grandma has to take some ________ (medicine) before meals. 【答案】medicine 【详解】句意：我奶奶必须在饭前吃些药。medicine是不可数名词，some可修饰不可数名词，故填medicine。 (5) Take these ________ (pill) and they can help you sleep better at night. 【答案】pills 【详解】句意：吃了这些药片，它们能帮助你晚上睡得更好。“these”后接可数名词复数；pill“药片”，其复数形式为词尾加s。 (6) The three men remained ________ (silence) during the meal. 【答案】silent 【详解】句意：这三个男人在吃饭期间保持沉默。根据语境可知，“remain”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，“silence”的形容词是“silent”，意为“沉默的”。故填silent。 (7) I usually have some ________ (sandwich) and fruit for lunch. 【答案】sandwiches 【详解】句意：我午餐通常吃一些三明治和水果。根据“some”提示，后接可数名词复数形式。“sandwich”为可数名词，其复数形式是sandwiches。 (8) He likes to add the ________ (salt) and ________ (pepper) in the soup. 【答案】 salt pepper 【详解】句意：他喜欢在汤里加盐和胡椒粉。salt“盐”，pepper“胡椒粉”，都为不可数名词，在句中作宾语。故填salt；pepper。 (9) Our class ______ (beat) Class One and won the football game. 【答案】beat 【详解】句意：我们班打败了一班，赢得了足球比赛。根据won可知，时态是一般过去时，所以空处应填beat的过去式beat。故填beat。 (10) The soup smells good, but it tastes a little ________ (salt). 【答案】salty 【详解】句意：这汤闻起来很香，但尝起来有点咸。句中“tastes”是系动词，后需接形容词作表语，“salt”的形容词形式是“salty”，意为“咸的”。故填salty。 (11) We should ________ the butter and the flour before we make a cake. (mixture) 【答案】mix 【详解】句意：在做蛋糕之前，我们应该把黄油和面粉混合。空格处位于情态动词should后，应用动词原形；mixture“混合物”，是名词，其动词为mix“混合”，故填mix。 (12) After the special care, the sick cat looks much ________ (fat) and healthier now. 【答案】fatter 【详解】句意：经过特殊照料，这只生病的猫现在看起来胖多了，也更健康了。句意中“much”常用来修饰比较级，且空后“healthier”是比较级形式，因此“fat”需用其比较级“fatter”，与“healthier”构成并列结构。故填fatter。 (13) I have many sweet ________ (memory) of my summer holidays. 【答案】memories 【详解】句意：我有很多关于暑假的美好回忆。根据“many”可知，此处要用可数名词memory“记忆，回忆”的复数形式。故填memories。 (14) The children ran out, ________ (wave) their flags happily. 【答案】waving 【详解】句意：孩子们跑了出去，开心地挥舞着他们的旗帜。句子已有谓语动词ran out，此处需用非谓语动词作伴随状语，主语“The children”与“wave”之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词waving表示主动和伴随。 (15) People can pay for things by ________ (they) own phones now. 【答案】their 【详解】句意：现在人们可以用自己的手机来支付各种费用了。by one’s own固定搭配，表示“通过某人自己的”，主语“people”为复数，用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 (16) This is the ________ (simple) way of all to solve the math problem. 【答案】simplest 【详解】句意：这是解决这道数学题最简单的方法。由“the…way of all”可知，此处应用形容词的最高级形式。故填simplest。 (17) Please cut the potatoes ________ pieces. 【答案】into 【详解】句意：请把土豆切成块。根据空后“pieces”可知，此处考查固定搭配cut...into pieces，意为把……切成块。故填into。 (18) The cute baby didn’t stop crying ________ she saw her mother. 【答案】until 【详解】句意：这个可爱的婴儿直到看见妈妈才停止哭泣。这是not…until…的固定结构，意为“直到……才……”。 3. 单项填空。 (1) —Is there any ________ in the fridge? —No, there isn’t. There are some ________. A．beef; strawberries B．pork; bread C．pork; strawberry D．beef; bread 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——冰箱里有牛肉吗？——没有，但有一些草莓。 考查不可数名词与可数名词的用法。根据“There are some...”可知，第二空应填可数名词复数，排除BD，C选项strawberry是单数形式，不符合，排除。故选A。 (2) They bought some ________ and fresh vegetables like ________ and tomatoes in the new supermarket. A．salt; pepper B．salt; peppers C．pepper; salt 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们在新超市买了一些盐和像胡椒、西红柿这样的新鲜蔬菜。 考查名词。salt盐，是不可数名词，没有复数形式；pepper胡椒，作为“胡椒粉”讲时，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，作为“青椒，红椒”讲时，是可数名词，有复数形式。第一个空指盐，用salt；第二个空指像青椒、西红柿这样的蔬菜，pepper作“青椒，红椒”讲时，是可数名词，此处要用复数形式peppers。故选B。 (3) Mum needs an _________ to cook the dish. A．tomato B．potato C．onion D．pepper 【答案】C 【详解】句意：妈妈需要一个洋葱来做菜。 考查名词辨析。tomato西红柿；potato土豆；onion洋葱；pepper甜椒。由空前的an可知，该空所填名词应以元音音素开头，A、B和D三个选项都是辅音开头，都可以排除。onion是元音/ʌ/开头，应用an修饰。故选C。 (4) If you want to do well in a test, you can’t wait__________ the last minute to study for it. A．by B．after C．until D．during 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果你想取得好成绩，你不能等到最后一分钟才学习备考。 考查连词辨析。by被；after在……之后；until直到，可以连接表示时间的句子，也可以连接表示时间的短语；during在……期间。根据情境和短语“the last minute to study for it”可知，应该使用“until”，表示“等到最后一分钟才学习备考”。故选C。 (5) I want to buy three ________ of pizza ________ the party. A．cartons; of B．pieces; of C．pieces; for D．slice; for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想为派对买三片披萨。 考查名词及介词辨析。carton盒；pieces片；slice薄片；for为了；of……的。pizza常用piece来计量；此处表示为派对买披萨，介词需用for。故选C。 (6) This kind of tofu looks ________, but smells ________. A．nice; terrible B．well; terribly C．well; bad D．badly; terribly 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这种豆腐看起来很好，但闻起来很糟糕。 考查感官动词及形容词用法。nice好的，形容词；terrible糟糕的，形容词；well好地，副词；terribly很，副词；bad坏的，形容词；badly差地，副词。looks“看起来”和smells“闻起来”两个词都是感官动词，其后要接形容词作表语，只有选项A符合题意。故选A。 (7) —The hot mapo tofu is ready. Help yourself, please! —Wow! It __________ delicious. A．tastes B．sounds C．feels D．remains 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——热麻婆豆腐做好了。请自便！——哇！味道很好。 考查感官动词辨析。tastes品尝；sounds听起来；feels感觉；remains保持不变。根据“The hot mapo tofu is ready.”可知，此处指的是热麻婆豆腐品尝起来很美味。故选A。 (8) Mr Smith likes the photo very much. Because it always ________ his memory of carrying his son on his back. A．laughs at B．rises to C．fills with D．brings back 【答案】D 【详解】句意：史密斯先生非常喜欢这张照片，因为它总能唤起他背着儿子的回忆。 考查动词短语辨析。laughs at嘲笑；rises to上升到；fills with充满；brings back使想起。根据“it always…his memory of carrying his son on his back.”可知，此处是指“照片唤起回忆”，brings back符合语境，故选D。 5、 技能提升综合练习 1. 语法填空。 A traditional food Jiaozi, also called dumplings, is very famous in China. It’s 1 symbol of family love and happiness. Many Chinese people like it. It’s not only my mother’s favorite food but also 2 (I). The Spring Festival is the best time for us to enjoy the food. No one is absent 3 the festival. We sit together, making Jiaozi and sharing stories. My mother is really good at making it. Here are the steps. First, prepare the fillings (馅料). 4 makes Jiaozi delicious and healthy? The fresh ingredients! There 5 (be) colorful vegetables like carrots and cabbage with meat inside. My mother always does it 6 (careful) to make the taste perfect. Then, we make the dough (面团). Next, put the fillings into the dough and cut it into small 7 (piece). My mother encourages me 8 (make) the beautiful shapes . “Practice makes perfect,” she says. When we finish making them, we put the dumplings in hot water. Finally, the whole family sits together and 9 (enjoy) the meal. Jiaozi is delicious and carries people’s love and wishes. I feel 10 (luck) to grow up with such a meaningful dish. Why not try making Jiaozi with your family? It’s fun and full of warmth! 【答案】 1．a 2．mine 3．from 4．What 5．are 6．carefully 7．pieces 8．to make 9．enjoys 10．lucky 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，围绕中国传统美食饺子展开，讲述饺子是家庭爱与幸福的象征，介绍春节时家人一起包饺子的温馨场景，详细描述包饺子的步骤，体现饺子承载的情感以及作者对饺子的喜爱和对家庭温暖的感受。 1．句意：它是家庭爱与幸福的一种象征。“symbol”是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一种象征”，且“symbol”以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词“a”，故填a。 2．句意：它不仅是我妈妈最喜欢的食物，也是我的（最喜欢的食物）。此处用名词性物主代词指代“my favorite food”，“I”的名词性物主代词是“mine”，故填mine。 3．句意：节日期间没有人缺席。“be absent from...”是固定短语，意为“缺席······”，符合语境，故填from。 4．句意：什么让饺子美味又健康？根据后文回答“The fresh ingredients (材料)!”可知是对“事物”提问，用特殊疑问词“What”，故填What。 5．句意：里面有像胡萝卜、卷心菜这样色彩丰富的蔬菜和肉。“there be”句型遵循“就近原则”，“colorful vegetables”是复数，文章是一般现在时，故填are。 6．句意：我妈妈总是很仔细地做这件事，以使味道完美。此处修饰动词“does”，用副词，“careful”的副词形式是“carefully”，故填carefully。 7．句意：接下来，把馅料放进面团里，然后把它切成小块。“small”后接可数名词复数，“piece”的复数是“pieces”，故填pieces。 8．句意：我妈妈鼓励我做出漂亮的形状。“encourage sb. to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，故填to make。 9．句意：最后，全家人坐在一起享用这顿饭。此处把主语“the whole family”看作整体，视为单数，谓语动词用“enjoys”，故填enjoys。 10．句意：我很幸运能伴随着这样有意义的一种食物长大。“feel”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，“luck”的形容词形式是“lucky”，故填lucky。 2. 阅读理解 A December 22nd is a special day this year. It is the shortest day of the year. Chinese people call it Dongzhi. The name means “the coming of the winter”. On this day, people in the north of China eat dumplings. They usually eat dumplings with different vegetables and meat inside. Sometimes, people put a coin (硬币) inside. If you happen to get the coin, you will have good luck. People think eating dumplings is a good way to keep healthy. As the old saying goes, “Eating dumplings on Dongzhi keeps the ears from frostbite (冻伤).” In the south of China, people eat tangyuan on the day of Dongzhi. The little tangyuan balls are made from sticky rice. They have different kinds of sweet fillings. People hope eating tangyuan can bring them a happy and sweet life. In some places, people also make a special kind of rice wine. The wine helps the body keep warm on cold days. 1．What do people in the north of China eat on Dongzhi? A．Dumplings. B．Rice wine. C．Tangyuan. D．Rice dumplings. 2．If you want to have good luck, what will you put into dumplings? A．Vegetables. B．Meat. C．A coin. D．Sweet fillings. 3．What do the underlined words “sticky rice” mean in Chinese? A．大米 B．糯米 C．面粉 D．小麦 4．Why do people eat tangyuan on Dongzhi? A．Because they can have good luck. B．Because they want to get together. C．Because it keeps their ears from frostbite. D．Because they hope eating tangyuan can bring them a happy and sweet life. 5．What’s the passage mainly about? A．The end of the winter—Dongzhi. B．The traditional (传统的) food and their meanings in China on Dongzhi. C．Different kinds of dumplings on Dongzhi. D．The importance of Dongzhi in China. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了冬至的时间、南北地区的传统饮食及饮食背后的文化寓意。 1．根据第2段中的“On this day, people in the north of China eat dumplings.”可知，北方人在冬至吃饺子。 2．根据第2段中的“Sometimes, people put a coin (硬币) inside. If you happen to get the coin, you will have good luck.”可知，如果想有好运，会在饺子里放一枚硬币。 3．根据第3段中的“The little tangyuan balls are made from sticky rice.”可知，汤圆是用糯米面做的，“sticky rice”的意思是“糯米”。 4．根据第3段中的“People hope eating tangyuan can bring them a happy and sweet life.”可知，人们希望吃汤圆能给他们带来幸福甜蜜的生活。 5．文章核心围绕冬至的南北方传统饮食，以及每种饮食背后的文化寓意展开，因此B项正确。A项仅提到冬至的含义；C项仅提到饺子；D项仅提到冬至的重要性，都无法概括全文。   B It’s time to enjoy the special warm porridge of winter! In China, the 12th month of the lunar calendar (农历) is called La Yue. Chinese people celebrate the Laba Festival on the eighth day of the month. After the festival, people begin to get ready for the Spring Festival. On the Laba Festival, people eat the hot Laba porridge. To make the porridge nice, people often cook it with eight different things. It usually has rice, red beans, dried lotus seeds (干的莲子), some nuts and different kinds of dried fruits. But you can put other things you like in the porridge, too. At midnight before the festival, people begin to cook it, but they won’t have it until the next morning because it usually takes a lot of time to make it delicious. The porridge is also called Eight Treasure Porridge. Most people like having it because the porridge is not only good for health, but also a blessing (祝福) for the coming of the Spring Festival. Is your family ready to make the porridge this year? 1．What do Chinese people do after the Laba Festival? A．People begin to get ready for the Spring Festival. B．People enjoy the special warm porridge of winter. C．People celebrate the Laba Festival on the eighth day of the month. D．People eat the hot Laba porridge on this day. 2．How many things do people often cook the porridge with? A．Eight treasures. B．Eight different things. C．Different kinds of dried fruits. D．Any things you like. 3．When do people begin to cook the porridge? A．In the morning on that day B．At midnight on that day. C．In the morning after that day. D．At midnight before that day. 4．Why do most people like Eight Treasure Porridge? A．Because there are eight treasures in the porridge. B．Because it usually takes a lot of time to make the porridge delicious. C．Because people celebrate the Laba Festival on the eighth day of the month. D．Because it is not only good for health but also a blessing for the Spring Festival. 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Customs of the Laba Festival B．Different Chinese Festivals C．Celebrations for the Spring Festival D．How to Celebrate the Chinese New Year 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国腊八节的习俗，特别是腊八粥的制作和意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“After the festival, people begin to get ready for the Spring Festival.”可知，腊八节后人们开始为春节做准备。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“To make the porridge nice, people often cook it with eight different things.”可知，人们通常用八种不同的食材煮腊八粥。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“At midnight before the festival, people begin to cook it…”可知，人们在腊八节前一天的午夜开始煮粥。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“Most people like having it because the porridge is not only good for health, but also a blessing for the coming of the Spring Festival.”可知，人们喜欢腊八粥不仅因为它有益健康，还因为它是对春节的祝福。故选D。 5．最佳标题题。全文围绕腊八节的习俗展开，重点介绍腊八粥的制作和意义，因此“腊八节的习俗”是最佳标题。故选A。 3. 任务型阅读 请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答问题。 Last winter, Tom, a 15 year-old-boy-from America visited his cousin Li Ming in Chengdu, China. Li Ming wanted Tom to try famous Sichuan food, so he took Tom to eat hot pot. At the restaurant, when Tom smelled something strong and spicy (辣的), he felt excited. It was different from American food. They sat at a table with a big pot in the middle. Li Ming said, “Let’s try the spicy soup. It’s special here!” Then he decided to have beef, mutton, tofu and vegetables for the pot. When the pot became hot, Li Ming taught Tom how to cook the food. Tom put beef into the pot but took it out quickly. Li Ming laughed and said, “Wait longer. It is not cooked well!” A moment later, Tom tasted the beef again. His mouth felt hot like fire, but he smiled and said, “So spicy... but so good!" They ate happily and talked a lot. After dinner, Tom loved hot pot so much that he wanted to make it at home and share it with his family. Now, as time goes by, Tom’s love for hot pot remains strong. His friends always have hot pot when they meet up. It becomes a symbol of their friendship and good times. 1．Where is Tom from? 2．How did Tom feel when he smelled something strong and spicy at the restaurant? 3．What food did Li Ming decide to have for the pot? 4．What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指的是)? 5．What did Tom want to do after eating hot pot for dinner? 【答案】1．America. 2．Excited. 3．Beef, mutton, tofu and vegetables. 4．Hot pot. 5．He wanted to make it at home and share it with his family. 【导语】本文讲述了美国男孩Tom在中国成都品尝四川火锅的有趣经历，从初次接触麻辣味道的兴奋，到学习涮煮技巧，最终爱上火锅并希望与家人分享的故事。 1．根据“Tom, a 15 year-old-boy-from America”可知汤姆来自美国。故填America. 2．根据“At the restaurant, when Tom smelled something strong and spicy (辣的), he felt excited”可知当他闻到强烈而辛辣的味道时，他感到兴奋。故填Excited. 3．根据“he decided to have beef, mutton, tofu and vegetables for the pot”可知李明决定在火锅里放牛肉、羊肉、豆腐和蔬菜。故填Beef, mutton, tofu and vegetables. 4．根据“Now, as time goes by, Tom’s love for hot pot remains strong. His friends always have hot pot when they meet up. It becomes a symbol of their friendship and good times.”可知，这里说的是火锅成了他们友谊和美好时光的象征，所以It指的是hot pot，故填Hot pot. 5．根据“Tom loved hot pot so much that he wanted to make it at home and share it with his family”可知吃完火锅后，汤姆想在家做火锅并与家人分享。故填He wanted to make it at home and share it with his family. 4. 完形填空 When talking about the food, people in the north of China and in the south of China have 1 ideas. As China is such a big country, food 2 the same name tastes different in different areas. For example, when discussing tofu curd (豆腐脑), a common snack for breakfast, they usually talk about whether we should 3 salt or sugar. For another example, during the Dragon Boat Festival, it is 4 to eat zongzi. People in the south of China 5 zongzi filled with salty meat and eggs. 6 , people in the north of China like sweet zongzi better. Though people have different eating habits, Chinese people love 7 together. Because eating together is a 8 of unity (团结). Hot pot is one typical (典型的) family-friendly dish for us. That is 9 because people can just sit around and put the food they like into the pot while 10 their loved ones. 1．A．similar B．different C．useful D．fresh 2．A．for B．in C．with D．at 3．A．add B．sell C．buy D．cook 4．A．creative B．foreign C．dangerous D．traditional 5．A．forget B．enjoy C．stand D．dislike 6．A．Because B．If C．However D．So 7．A．singing B．playing C．studying D．eating 8．A．symbol B．interest C．habit D．use 9．A．probably B．luckily C．quietly D．hardly 10．A．looking for B．shouting at C．talking with D．beginning with 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国南北方的饮食差异，但大家还是喜欢一起吃饭，因为一起吃饭是团结的象征。 1．句意：谈到吃，中国北方人和南方人就有不同的想法。 similar相似的；different不同的；useful有用的；fresh新鲜的。根据“the same name tastes different in different areas”可知南北方人想法不同。故选B。 2．句意：中国是个很大的国家，同一个名字的食品在不同地区吃起来味道不同。 for为了；in在……里；with带着；at在。根据“As China is such a big country, food…the same name tastes different in different areas.”可知同一个名字的食品在不同地区吃起来味道不同，with表示伴随属性。故选C。 3．句意：例如，在讨论早餐常吃的豆腐脑时，他们通常会谈论我们是否应该加盐或糖。 add添加；sell售卖；buy购买；cook烹饪。根据“For example, when discussing tofu curd (豆腐脑), a common snack for breakfast, they usually talk about whether (是否) we should…salt or sugar.”可知此处是指豆腐脑是否应该加盐或糖。故选A。 4．句意：再举一个例子，在端午节期间，吃粽子是传统习俗。 creative有创意的；foreign外国的；dangerous危险的；traditional传统的。根据“during the Dragon Boat Festival”可知端午节吃粽子是传统习俗。故选D。 5．句意：中国南方人喜欢吃里面有咸肉和鸡蛋的粽子。 forget忘记；enjoy喜欢；stand站立；dislike不喜欢。根据“people in the north of China like sweet zongzi better.”可知南方人喜欢吃咸肉和鸡蛋馅的粽子，北方人更喜欢甜粽子。故选B。 6．句意：不过，北方人更喜欢甜粽子。 Because因为；If如果；However然而；So因此。根据“…people in the north of China like sweet zongzi better.”可知此处表示转折。故选C。 7．句意：尽管人们的饮食习惯不同，但中国人喜欢在一起吃饭。 singing唱歌；playing玩耍；studying学习；eating吃饭。根据“Because eating together…”可知中国人喜欢一起吃饭。故选D。 8．句意：因为一起吃饭是团结的象征。 symbol象征；interest兴趣；habit习惯；use用法。根据“Because eating together is a…of unity (团结).”可知一起吃饭是团结的象征。故选A。 9．句意：这大概是因为人们可以一边坐着和亲人聊天，一边把喜欢的食物放进锅里。 probably大概；luckily幸运地；quietly安静地；hardly几乎不。根据“That is…because people can just sit around and put the food they like into the pot while…their loved ones.”可知此处是对火锅受欢迎的原因的推测。故选A。 10．句意：这大概是因为人们可以一边坐着和亲人聊天，一边把喜欢的食物放进锅里。 looking for寻找；shouting at对……大声喊叫；talking with与……交谈；beginning with从……开始。根据“That is…because people can just sit around and put the food they like into the pot while…their loved ones.”可知人们坐在一起吃火锅，边吃饭边交谈。故选C。 第 1 页 共 20 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $