2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修一熟词生义单词及用法知识清单

该高中英语知识清单系统梳理了Welcome unit 1至Unit 5的核心词汇多义现象。以单元主题为脉络，围绕Teenage life、Travelling around等话题，选取高频词汇，从学生熟悉的基本含义出发，拓展生僻义项，构建“熟义—生义—语境应用”的学习支架，帮助学生逐步深化词汇理解。 知识链路按单元主题整合词汇，每个单词均呈现熟义、生义及典型例句，通过语境化示例引导学生分析比较词义差异，培养语言能力和思维品质。同时，结合单元话题构建词汇网络，助力学生掌握一词多义的学习策略，提升学习能力，符合新课标对词汇教学的进阶要求。

Welcome unit 1 1　lecture [熟义]　n. 讲座；讲课 [生义]　v．& n. 教训；训斥；指责 ①I know I should stop drinking—don't give me a lecture about it. 我知道我该戒酒，别教训我了。 ②He's always lecturing me about the way I dress. 他总是指责我的穿着。 2　 concentrate [熟义]　v. 集中；专心于 [生义]　n. 浓缩；浓缩物　v. (使)浓缩 Sweeten dishes with honey, or concentrated apple or pear juice. 加一点蜂蜜或浓缩苹果汁或梨汁，让菜带点甜味。 3　 awkward [熟义]　adj. 令人尴尬的 [生义]　adj. 使用不便的；难对付的；难相处的；笨手笨脚的；棘手的 ①The handle of this teapot has an awkward shape. 这个茶壶的把手形状使用起来不方便。 ②He raised an awkward question. 他提出了一个棘手的问题。 ③He's being awkward about the whole thing. 他在整件事情中都很难相处。 ④I was always an awkward dancer. 我跳舞一向是笨手笨脚的。 4　　 goal [熟义]　n. 目标 [生义]　n. 球门；进球得分；射门 ①He headed the ball into an open goal. 他乘虚把球顶进了球门。 ②The winning goal was scored by Hill. 希尔进球得分赢了比赛。 5　 curious [熟义]　adj. 好奇的；求知欲强的 [生义]　adj. 奇异的；奇特的；不寻常 It is curious that she left without saying goodbye. 很奇怪她不辞而别了。 6　company [熟义]　n. 公司；商行 [生义]　n. 陪伴 I'm sure we'll have a wonderful time and enjoy each other's company. 我相信我们会享受彼此的陪伴，度过愉快的时光。 Unit 1 Teenage life 1 volunteer [熟义]　n. 志愿者 [生义]　v. 自愿或无偿地给予或提供 ①The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted. 火山爆发后，住在我们隔壁的夫妻自愿来帮忙。 ②Michael volunteered the information before I had a chance to ask. 我还没来得及问，迈克尔就主动提供了信息。 2 content [熟义]　adj. 满意的　n. 内容　v. 使满意 [生义]　n．目录；容纳的东西；含量 ①She dropped her handbag and the contents fell out on the floor. 她的手提袋掉在了地上，里面的东西掉了出来。 ②It is advisable to look at the contents page of a book before buying it. 建议买书前看一看目录页。 ③Food with a high fat content does harm to health. 脂肪含量高的食物对健康有害。 3 graduate [熟义]　v. 毕业　n. 毕业生 [生义]　v. 逐渐升级为 I quickly graduated from typical children's books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. 我很快就从读典型的儿童读物升级为图片较少、章节较长的书。 4 advance [熟义]　v. 前进 [生义]　v. 促进；提前；预付；上涨；提出 ①The date of the meeting was advanced from July 10 to July 1. 会议日期从7月10日提前到7月1日。 ②We are willing to advance the money to you. 我们愿意把钱预付给你。 ③She decided to go back to college to advance her career. 为了促进她事业的发展，她决定回到大学。 ④The article advances a new theory to explain changes in the climate. 这篇文章提出了一个解释气候变化的新理论。 5 extra [熟义]　adj. 额外的 [生义]　adj. 外加的　n. 另外收费的事物 ①In our hotel room service is not extra. 在我们旅馆，房间的服务费不是另外收取的。 ②The service charge is an extra. 服务费另计。 6 plate [熟义]　n. 盘子；碟子 [生义]　n. 金属牌；板块 ①Earthquakes are caused by two tectonic plates bumping into each other. 地震是由两块地壳构造板块互相碰撞造成的。 ②A brass plate beside the door said “Dr Alan Tate”． 门旁的铜牌上写着“艾伦·泰特医生”。 Unit 2 Travelling around 1 apply [熟义]　v. 申请 [生义]　v. 涂抹；应用；专注于；按压 ①Apply the cream evenly to your face and neck. 将乳霜均匀地涂抹于面部和颈部。 ②The new technology was applied to farming. 这项新技术被应用于农业。 ③You will only pass your exams if you really apply yourself to your study. 你只有真正地专注于你的学习，考试才能及格。 ④Pressure applied to the wound can stop the bleeding. 压住伤口可以止血。 2 pack [熟义]　v. 打包；收拾行李 [生义]　v. 塞满；挤满 More than two thousand students packed the hall. 两千多名学生把礼堂挤满了。 3 type [熟义]　n. 类型；种类 [生义]　v. 打字 He typed in the name of the word game and hit Search. 他输入了文字游戏的名称并点击“搜索”。 4 contact [熟义]　v. 联系；联络 [生义]　n. 接触；社会关系，熟人 ①This substance should not come into contact with food. 这种物质切勿与食物接触。 ②In the past, it was always easy to get a job if you had friends and contacts. 在过去，如果你有朋友和熟人，找工作往往很容易。 5 credit [熟义]　n. 信用；信誉 [生义]　n. 学分；赞扬，功劳；借款 ①The teacher made it clear that our credits would be hard­earned. 老师明确说明，我们的学分将不容易得到。 ②I can't take all the credit for the show's success—it was a team effort. 演出成功不能都算作我一个人的功劳，这是集体努力的结果。 6 view [熟义]　n. 风景；景色；视野 [生义]　n. 观点；看法 Jill and I have different views on the subject. 吉尔和我在这个话题上的观点不同。 Unit 3 Sports and fitness 1 event [熟义]　n. 大事 [生义]　n. 比赛项目或体育赛事；公开活动 ①The relay race is an exciting event of the Olympics. 接力赛是奥运会中令人激动的比赛项目。 ②We supported each other financially and by showing up at events. 我们不仅在财力上，还通过参加公开活动来相互支持。 2 track [熟义]　v. 追踪；跟踪　n. 足迹；铁路轨道 [生义]　n. 跑道；竞赛运动 They ran five times round the track. 他们绕跑道跑了五圈。 3 honour [熟义]　n. 光荣；荣誉；荣幸 [生义]　n. 光荣的人/事；尊敬 ①She's an honour to her family and her country. 她是家庭和国家的光荣。 ②Children should be taught to show honour to their elders. 应该教育孩子尊敬长者。 4 strength [熟义]　n. 体力；力量 [生义]　n. 意志力；实力；优势，长处 ①I hope you have the strength to start all over again. 我希望你能有勇气从头再来。 ②Political power depends on economic strength. 政治权力取决于经济实力。 ③The ability to keep calm is one of her many strengths. 能够保持冷静是她的多项长处之一。 5 positive [熟义]　adj. 积极的；乐观的；肯定的 [生义]　adj. 正的；阳性的；正面的 However, no positive results were obtained from the two experiments. 然而，两个实验都没有得到阳性结果。 Unit 4 Natural disasters 1 slide [熟义]　v. 滑动；滑行 [生义]　v. 悄悄移到 At that time, their father slid into the kitchen, patting the twins' shoulders and comforting them in a soft voice, “Don't quit. You can overcome the challenge.” 当时，他们的父亲悄悄走进厨房，拍着双胞胎的肩膀，轻声安慰他们：“不要放弃。你们可以克服挑战。” 2 destroy [熟义]　v. 毁坏 [生义]　v. 消灭；杀死 The dog attacked a child and had to be destroyed. 那只狗袭击了一个小孩，所以要被杀掉。 3 crack [熟义]　n. 裂缝 [生义]　v. 破裂；裂开 His face cracked into a big toothy smile. 他的脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。 4 trap [熟义]　n. 险境；陷阱　v. 把……困住；使落入险境 [生义]　v. 留存，储存(气体/水等) Because of the greenhouse effect the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere. 由于温室效应，储存在大气层中的气体使地球变暖。 5 suffer [熟义]　v. 遭受；受苦 [生义]　v. 变差；变糟 His school work is suffering because of family problems. 由于家庭问题，他的学业日渐退步。 6 power [熟义]　n. 电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 [生义]　v. 驱动；推动 The aircraft is powered by a jet engine. 这架飞机由喷气发动机驱动。 7　tap [熟义]　n. 水龙头；塞子 [生义]　n．& v. 轻敲；轻拍 She felt a tap on her shoulder. 她感觉到有人在她肩上拍了一下。 8　deliver [熟义]　v. 递送；传送 [生义]　v. 发表；接生 ①The president will deliver a speech at our graduation ceremony. 校长将要在我们的毕业典礼上发表演讲。 ②Lin Qiaozhi, known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”， had delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime. 被誉为“万婴之母”的林巧稚，一生中接生了5万多名婴儿。 Unit 5 Languages around the world 1 regard [熟义]　n. 尊重 [生义]　v. 打量，注视；把……看作，认为 ①She stood back and regarded him coldly. 她退后站着，冷冷地看着他。 ②Even to this day, Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring figures in the world. 即使到今天，林肯仍被认为是全世界最有感召力的人物之一。 2 character [熟义]　n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；性格 [生义]　n. 特点；特色 ①The whole character of the school has changed since he became the president. 自从他担任校长以来，这所学校的整体特点已经改变了。 ②The city invested 6 billion yuan to preserve the character of the old town. 该城市投资60亿元来保护古城的特色。 3 appreciate [熟义]　v. 欣赏；感激；重视 [生义]　v. 理解，明白，意识到；增值 ①We didn't appreciate that he was seriously ill. 我们没有意识到他病得很严重。 ②It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what my parents had done for me. 我用了很长时间才完全明白父母为我所做的一切。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $