Unit 5 Natures Temper（单元同步写作讲义）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

Unit 5 Nature's Temper 同步写作课讲义-人教版八年级下册 话题解读 本单元教材写作情境为“你因为恶劣天气度过了糟糕的一天，写一篇关于这一天的故事”，属于“人与自然”主题范畴中“灾害防范”这一主题群，涉及子主题“自然灾害与防范措施，人身安全与自我保护”。常见的写作任务是描述自然灾害发生前的准备、发生时的经历以及如何应对自然灾害，体裁多为记叙文或说明文。 本话题核心是“叙事+情感”，不仅要客观描述糟糕的天气（如下雨、刮风、下雪、打雷等），更要通过具体事件展现天气对人们生活、出行、心情的影响，可融入意外、帮助、坚持等细节，传递积极的情感（如温暖、勇敢、成长），避免单纯堆砌天气描写，让故事有情节、有温度。同时结合Unit 4核心语法（过去进行时、一般过去时），做到语句通顺、逻辑清晰。 常见写作角度包括：① 描述一次自然灾害经历及应对过程；② 撰写防灾准备建议；③ 分享灾害中的互助故事。单元语法重点为 过去进行时（表过去特定时刻的持续动作），思维技能侧重“清晰梳理灾害发生顺序，准确描述动作与场景”，阅读策略聚焦“从文本中提取灾害特征、急救措施等关键信息”。 写作任务 审题指导 ① 时态要求：核心使用一般过去时（描述过去发生的事件、天气状态），结合过去进行时（描述天气变化或事件发生时正在进行的动作），符合Unit 4语法重点； ② 内容要求：必须包含“糟糕天气”的具体类型（明确是rainy、windy、snowy还是thunderstorm等）、天气带来的具体影响（如出行受阻、计划泡汤、遇到困难等）、事件的起因、经过和结果，结尾可加入个人感受； ③ 书写要求：语句连贯，无语法错误，书写规范； ④ 人称要求：以第一人称（I/we）叙事为主，便于表达个人感受，贴合学生生活实际。 写作框架 ◆开头段 （引出天气）：用简单句交代时间、天气，快速切入主题，避免冗余。 1.Last Sunday，a landslide happened in our town. 2.We were sleeping when the earthquake happened. ◆中间段 中间（描述事件）：分1-2个层次，先写天气带来的影响，再写具体发生的事情，结合过去进行时和一般过去时，加入细节描写。 1.All of a sudden，I heard a loud noise outside. 2.All of us were so shocked that we stood still. 3.Then we jumped into action right away and rushed out. 4.As soon as we arrived at the high ground，out of breath，we saw the landslide hit our house. ◆结尾段 结尾（总结感受）：简单表达心情变化或收获，升华主题，贴合初中生的认知。 1.We felt very sad，but luckily，we made it to safety just before the landslide hit our house. 2.Thanks to the knowledge from my teacher，I was able to save my family in a natural disaster. 素材宝库 词汇 1、气象灾害：typhoon（台风）、snowstorm（暴风雪）、rainstorm（暴雨）、drought（旱灾）、heatwave（热浪） 2、地质灾害：earthquake（地震）、flood（洪水）、landslide（滑坡）、wildfire（野火） 3、海洋灾害：tsunami（海啸）、storm surge（风暴潮） 4、灾害相关：thunder（雷声）、lightning（闪电）、strong winds（大风）、floodwater（洪水）、flame（火焰）、smoke（烟雾） 1. 主题词汇 （1）天气类词汇 rainy（下雨的）windy（刮风的）snowy（下雪的）stormy（暴风雨的）thunderstorm（雷雨）foggy（有雾的）：cloudy（多云的）dark（昏暗的）wet（潮湿的）cold（寒冷的）rain（雨；下雨）wind（风）snow（雪；下雪）lightning（闪电）thunder（雷声）downpour（倾盆大雨）shower（阵雨） （2）动作类词汇 wait（等待）run（跑）hide（躲藏）carry（携带）get wet（淋湿）dry（擦干）cancel（取消）postpone（推迟）walk（走路）help（帮助）hold（抓住；拿）fall（落下）stop（停止）continue（继续） （3）情感类词汇 disappointed（失望的）worried（担心的）scared（害怕的）warm（温暖的）happy（开心的）sad（难过的）：calm（平静的）thankful（感激的）annoyed（烦躁的）relaxed（放松的） （4）其他相关词汇 umbrella（雨伞）raincoat（雨衣）shelter（遮蔽处）street（街道）school gate（校门口）home（家）picnic（野餐）plan（计划）trouble（麻烦）kindness（善良） 句型 自然灾害的描述与影响 1、During a typhoon, there are strong winds and heavy rain, and some houses may be damaged. 2、The earthquake shook the whole city, and many buildings fell down in a short time. 3、Floods swept through the village, leaving water everywhere and making people homeless. 4、The snowstorm lasted for three days, and roads were covered with thick snow, making traffic impossible. 5、Wildfires spread quickly in the dry forest, destroying many trees and animal habitats. 6、After the tsunami, the coastal areas were in a mess, and people lost their homes and relatives. 7、The drought made the land dry and hard, and crops could not grow at all. 8、The heavy rain caused landslides, blocking the roads and cutting off the communication with the outside world. 灾害发生时的行动与自救 1、When an earthquake happens, hide under a strong table and protect your head and neck. 2、During a typhoon, stay indoors and don't go out, close the windows tightly. 3、If you are caught in a flood, move to higher ground as soon as possible. 4、When a fire breaks out, cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel and run out quickly. 5、If you meet a landslide, run to the side of the slope instead of up or down. 6、During a snowstorm, wear warm clothes and don't get lost in the snow. 7、When a tsunami warning is issued, leave the coastal area immediately. 8、If you are trapped in a disaster, call for help and save energy while waiting. 灾害前的准备与预防 1、Pay attention to weather forecasts and disaster warnings in daily life. 2、Prepare emergency supplies such as food, water, flashlights and first-aid kits. 3、Learn basic first-aid skills, such as how to stop bleeding and do artificial respiration. 4、Make an escape plan with your family and know the safe exit of your home. 5、Strengthen the house to make it more resistant to disasters like typhoons and earthquakes. 6、don't build houses in dangerous areas such as floodplains and steep slopes. 7、Plant more trees to prevent soil erosion and reduce the impact of floods and landslides. 8、Participate in disaster prevention drills to be familiar with the escape process. 灾害后的应对与重建 1、After the disaster, help clean up the mess and rescue the trapped people. 2、Donate money and materials to help the disaster-stricken areas rebuild their homes. 3、Comfort the people who lost their relatives and help them get out of sadness. 4、Check the safety of houses before moving back in to avoid secondary disasters. 5、Cooperate with the government and relief organizations to carry out relief work. 6、Learn lessons from the disaster and improve disaster prevention and reduction measures. 7、Repair roads, power and water supply facilities to restore normal life. 8、Protect the environment to reduce the occurrence of natural disasters. 结尾段：敬畏自然与防灾减灾 1、Natural disasters are powerful, but we can reduce losses through preparation and unity. 2、We should respect nature and protect the environment to prevent natural disasters. 3、Learning disaster knowledge and self-rescue skills can help us survive in danger. 4、Lets work together to fight against natural disasters and build a safer home. 5、Disasters teach us to cherish life and cherish the peaceful days we have. 6、With scientific preparation and positive attitude, we can face natural disasters bravely. 7、Protecting nature is protecting ourselves, and we should live in harmony with nature. 8、May there be fewer natural disasters, and everyone can live a safe and happy life. 名言 1.It never rains but it pours.祸不单行。 2.The darkest hour is that before the dawn.黎明前的时分是最黑暗的。 参考范文 Last Friday，I had a really bad day. While I was having breakfast with my younger sister，the sky was getting darker and darker. I heard thunder and saw lightning. When I left the house，it started to rain heavily. The rain was ①too heavy for me to see the road clearly. Later，while I was waiting at the bus stop，②all of a sudden，the cold wind blew harder，making me feel terribly cold. My old umbrella even ③went wrong because of the strong wind. At last，the bus came. But because of the rainstorm，there was a lot of traffic. So the bus was moving very slowly.④As soon as it stopped at my school，I jumped off and rushed towards the classroom.⑤By the time I got to the classroom，I was wet through and ⑥out of breath. ⑦As a result，I was not only late but also felt really bad. It was really a day I never wanted to have again! 教材原句 ①【Section B 3a】The wind was too strong for me to use my umbrella!（too…to…太……而不能……） ②【Section B 3a】All of a sudden，thunder rolled across the sky.（all of a sudden 突然） ③【Section B 3c】What happened or went wrong because of the bad weather?（go wrong 出现故障） ④【Section B 1d】Tilly’s father believed her as soon as she…（as soon as 一……就……） ⑤【Section B 3a】By the time the bus came，I was cold and wet.（by the time 到……的时候） ⑥【Section B 3a】When I finally reached my classroom，out of breath，my teacher was…（out of breath 上气不接下气） ⑦【Section B 3a】As a result，she said we weren’t having a test after all!（as a result 因此） 范例2： 自然灾害可能突然降临，我们无法阻止自然灾害，但我们可以用知识武装自己。请你根据下面提示，以“A Landslide”为题，写一篇短文。 提示问题： ●When did the landslide happen? ●What were your family doing when the disaster happened? ●What did you hear，see，do or feel during the disaster? 审题指导 1.记叙文 2.第一人称 3.过去进行时 一般过去时 优秀例文 【基础版】 A Landslide Last Sunday，a landslide happened in our town.My family experienced a terrible day. It was ten in the morning. I was doing my homework at home. My parents were doing chores.Suddenly，I heard a loud noise outside. All of us were shocked and stood still.Then we heard someone shouting“Landslide! It’s a landslide.” Just then，I remembered that our teacher once told us we should quickly escape to the high ground when a landslide happens. I told my family about it and we started to rush out. When we arrived at the high ground，we saw the landslide hit our house. We felt very sad，but luckily，we were safe. Thanks to the knowledge from my teacher，I was able to save my family in a natural disaster. 【提升版】 A Landslide Last Sunday，a landslide happened in our town.My family experienced a terrible day. It was ten in the morning. I was doing my homework at home while my parents were doing chores.All of a sudden，I heard a loud noise outside. All of us were so shocked that we stood still.Then we heard someone shouting，“Landslide! It’s a landslide.”Just then，I remembered that our teacher once told us we should quickly escape to the high ground when a landslide happens. I told my family about it.Then we jumped into action right away and rushed out. As soon as we arrived at the high ground，out of breath，we saw the landslide hit our house. We felt very sad，but luckily，we made it to safety just before the landslide hit our house. Thanks to the knowledge from my teacher，I was able to save my family in a natural disaster. 写作拓展 变式提升训练 话题: A Close Call with a Natural Disaster (一次与自然灾害的惊险相遇) 写作要求 1. 围绕一次亲身经历或听闻的自然灾害展开，明确说明灾害类型 (如 typhoon/earthquake/snowstorm 等)、发生场景及当时的紧急情况。 2. 结合单元主题 "自然灾害对生活的影响", 重点描述灾害发生时的细节、人们的应对行为及事后的感悟。3. 正确使用过去进行时 (was/were + 动词 - ing) 描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，语言流畅，逻辑清晰。4. 字数不少于 80 词，文中不得出现真实人名、校名。 写作指导 1. 结构设计：采用 "灾害突发 - 紧急应对 - 事后感悟" 的三段式结构，完整呈现灾害从发生到结束的过程，突出 "惊险" 与 "成长" 的核心。 2. 内容要点:场景铺垫：交代灾害发生的时间、地点及初始征兆 (如 "dark clouds gathering"strong winds blowing"), 用一般过去时引入背景。核心描述：重点使用过去进行时描述灾害发生时的动作 (如 "was watchingTV when the earthquake started""were driving home while the typhoon hit"), 结合感官细节 (视觉"flames jumping"、听觉"thunder rolling"、触觉"house shaking") 增强画面感；同时说明应对措施 (如"hidunder thetable"called for help""used a fire extinguisher"), 可融入他人的帮助或专业救援的情节。感悟升华：结合单元核心观点，总结从灾害中获得的启示 (如 "theimportance of preparation"staying calm in emergencies""valuing safety"), 呼应 "Nature's Temper" 的主题。 3. 语言技巧:时态运用：严格区分一般过去时 (描述短暂动作或背景) 与过去进行时 (描述持续动作), 如 "When the tornado hit, we were hiding in the basement"词汇搭配：合理使用单元核心词汇 (如 "warn、preparation、rescue、safeguard、panic") 及短语 (如 "catch fire、take cover、clear up、stay safe")。衔接过渡：用 "suddenly、all of a sudden、at that moment、finally" 等词串联事件发展，用 "because、so、but" 体现逻辑关系。 写作模板 开头段 Last summer, my family and I experienced a terrible _(灾害类型，如 "typhoon""earthquake") in my hometown. It happened on a (时间，如 "Saturday afternoon") when (初始场景，如 "we were having lunch at home"I was walking back from school"). At first, we didn't notice anything unusual, but soon(早期征兆，如 "the wind became stronger and the rain started pouring"). 中间段 Suddenly,(灾害爆发的具体表现，如 "the house started shaking violently""the roof was nearly blown off). My dad shouted, "Quick! Take cover!" At that moment, I(自己的动作，如 "was so scared that I froze""grabbed my little sister's hand"). While we were hiding (躲藏地点，如"under the dining table""in the safe room"), we heard_(听觉细节，如 "windows breaking""people screaming"). Luckily,(应对或救援，如 "my mom had stored water and food before""the rescue team arrived an hour later"). When the disaster finally passed, we stepped outside and found(灾后景象，如 "trees fallen everywhere""roads blocked by debris"). 结尾段 This experience was really a close call. It taught me that_ (感悟 1, 如 "natural disasters are scary but we can protect ourselves with preparation"). I also realized that(感悟 2, 如 "staying calmis the key to surviving emergencies"). From now on, I will (行动倡议，如 "pay attention to weather reports""learn first-aid skills") to face unexpected dangers. Nature's temper is unpredictable, but our preparedness can keep us safe. 范文 A Close Call with a Natural Disaster Last autumn, my classmates and I had a close call with a sudden rainstorm and landslide during a school trip. It happened on a Friday morning when we were hiking in the mountains. At first, the sky was cloudy, but we didn't care--we were singing and taking photos happily. Suddenly, thunder rolled across the sky, and it started to pour all of a sudden. Our teacher shouted, "Hurry to the nearby cave!" While we were running towards the cave, the wind became so strong that it blew away our hats. Just as we reached the cave, we heard a loud noise behind us: a landslide had blocked the road we came from! Some students were so scared that they cried, but our teacher kept calm and told us to stay together. He also called the school for help. We were shivering with cold, but luckily, we had packed some snacks and water before the trip. After two hours, the rescue team arrived and took us back safely. This experience made me understand how powerful nature is. It also taught me that preparation and calmness are crucial in emergencies. From now on, I will always check the weather before going out and learn more safety skills. We can't control nature's temper, but we can prepare ourselves to stay safe. 写作训练 1.假如你是李明，你的城市曾经经历了一场大型自然灾害（如地震、洪水或台风等）。今年是该自然灾害发生三周年，学校想做一个专题活动，提醒人们积极应对自然灾害。请根据以下提示写一篇英语发言稿，讲述那场灾害发生的情况、人们的反应以及你从中学到的经验。 提示： 1.灾害的类型、发生时间及地点； 2.你和家人/朋友的感受及反应； 3.克服困难及灾后情况的描述； 4.从中学到的经验或你的感悟。 注意： 1.短文须包含上述提示信息，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3.词数不少于80(首句已为你写好，不计入总词数)。 Hello, I’m Li Ming.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.假如你准备参加学校举办的主题为“How to Protect Ourselves in an Earthquake at School”的英语征文比赛。请你按以下要求写一篇英语短文，主要介绍发生地震时我们该如何保护自己。要求： 1.语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范； 2.必须包含所给提示词，并做适当拓展； 3.词数80左右。(文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数) How to Protect Ourselves in an Earthquake at School Life is not easy. As students, we should learn how to protect ourselves in an earthquake at school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We should remember these ways and they can help us. 3.某英文报举办“自然灾害与人类”主题征文活动。请你根据下面的提示，以“Natural disasters and us”为题，写一篇不少于60词的短文。 过去 1.对自然灾害了解甚少 2.灾害造成大量人员伤亡和财产损失 3.灾后恢复重建很困难 现在 1.监测：建立先进的预警系统 2.预防：学校开展防灾演练，教学生如何保护自己 3.救援：救援队伍能更快到达灾区 将来 请你展望未来的灾害应对 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．每到夏天，总有些地方洪水肆虐。如何在洪水中保护自己呢?你们班在英语课上就这一问题进行了讨论。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文，表达自己的观点。 How to Protect Ourselves in Floods Before the disaster During the disaster ●often watch the news about the flood ●prepare water, food and medicine ●move to higher places at once ●don’t try to swim … 要求： 1.包含所有给出的提示要点，可适当发挥; 2.80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning, everyone!  Floods happen nearly every summer. Today I’d like to talk about how to protect ourselves in the flood. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．假设三个月前，一场飓风(hurricane)袭击了你所居住的城市。请你发挥想象，根据以下要点和要求写一篇文章，描述飓风发生时的情况，并谈谈你的感悟。 内容包括： 1. 灾难发生时，人们可以听到雷声，看到闪电；两小时后，飓风消失了。 2. 在这次灾难中共有7人死亡，2400多座房屋倒塌。 3. 灾难后，人们开始互救，许多警察和消防员也来救援。 要求： 1. 语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范； 2. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称； 3. 词数 80—100，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 思路点拨 1. 体裁：记叙文；2. 时态：主要使用一般过去时和一般现在时；3. 人称：第一人称；4. 框架结构： [写作练习] Three months ago, a hurricane hit my city. It was a scary natural disaster. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．2023年12月，我们国家的部分地区遭遇了罕见的暴雪。请以“The Snowstorm”为题，根据下列提示并结合所学内容，写一篇80词左右的英语作文。 内容提示: 1. What was the result of the snowstorm? 2. What did our country do to deal with the snowstorm? 3. What should we do as students? 注意: 1. 必须包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7．假定你是李华，英国笔友Tom计划来中国旅行。他了解到自然灾害偶有发生，特询问相关信息。请回复邮件。 Dear Li Hua, I’ve read online that some areas may sometimes have natural disasters like earthquakes or floods. I’d like to know some safe ways to deal with them. For example, what should I do if an earthquake hits suddenly? And I also want to learn how to keep myself safe during a flood. Besides, I hope to get some simple safety rules for my trip. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Tom 注意： 1. 涵盖所有要点，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范； 2. 词数80词左右。邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 文中不得提及有关个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 Dear Tom, I’m glad to share some safety tips with you.  ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m sure these tips will help you have a safe trip. Welcome to China! Yours, Li Hua 假设你在山区徒步时遭遇野火，请根据以下思维导图提示，写一篇题目为“A Frightening Wildfire Experience”的短文，词数80左右，开头已给出。 可怕的野火经历 1. 背景（周末和家人徒步，天气干燥炎热）2. 过程（看到远处冒烟，火势蔓延很快；我们立刻往山下跑，拨打求救电话；消防员赶到扑灭大火）3. 结果（安全脱险，明白野外防火和应急求救的重要性） 总结与感悟（敬畏自然，牢记防灾知识，遇到危险保持冷静） A Frightening Wildfire Experience Last weekend, my family and I went hiking in the mountains. The weather was dry and hot, but we didnt expect to face a terrible danger. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Nature's Temper 同步写作课讲义-人教版八年级下册 话题解读 本单元教材写作情境为“你因为恶劣天气度过了糟糕的一天，写一篇关于这一天的故事”，属于“人与自然”主题范畴中“灾害防范”这一主题群，涉及子主题“自然灾害与防范措施，人身安全与自我保护”。常见的写作任务是描述自然灾害发生前的准备、发生时的经历以及如何应对自然灾害，体裁多为记叙文或说明文。 本话题核心是“叙事+情感”，不仅要客观描述糟糕的天气（如下雨、刮风、下雪、打雷等），更要通过具体事件展现天气对人们生活、出行、心情的影响，可融入意外、帮助、坚持等细节，传递积极的情感（如温暖、勇敢、成长），避免单纯堆砌天气描写，让故事有情节、有温度。同时结合Unit 4核心语法（过去进行时、一般过去时），做到语句通顺、逻辑清晰。 常见写作角度包括：① 描述一次自然灾害经历及应对过程；② 撰写防灾准备建议；③ 分享灾害中的互助故事。单元语法重点为 过去进行时（表过去特定时刻的持续动作），思维技能侧重“清晰梳理灾害发生顺序，准确描述动作与场景”，阅读策略聚焦“从文本中提取灾害特征、急救措施等关键信息”。 写作任务 审题指导 ① 时态要求：核心使用一般过去时（描述过去发生的事件、天气状态），结合过去进行时（描述天气变化或事件发生时正在进行的动作），符合Unit 4语法重点； ② 内容要求：必须包含“糟糕天气”的具体类型（明确是rainy、windy、snowy还是thunderstorm等）、天气带来的具体影响（如出行受阻、计划泡汤、遇到困难等）、事件的起因、经过和结果，结尾可加入个人感受； ③ 书写要求：语句连贯，无语法错误，书写规范； ④ 人称要求：以第一人称（I/we）叙事为主，便于表达个人感受，贴合学生生活实际。 写作框架 ◆开头段 （引出天气）：用简单句交代时间、天气，快速切入主题，避免冗余。 1.Last Sunday，a landslide happened in our town. 2.We were sleeping when the earthquake happened. ◆中间段 中间（描述事件）：分1-2个层次，先写天气带来的影响，再写具体发生的事情，结合过去进行时和一般过去时，加入细节描写。 1.All of a sudden，I heard a loud noise outside. 2.All of us were so shocked that we stood still. 3.Then we jumped into action right away and rushed out. 4.As soon as we arrived at the high ground，out of breath，we saw the landslide hit our house. ◆结尾段 结尾（总结感受）：简单表达心情变化或收获，升华主题，贴合初中生的认知。 1.We felt very sad，but luckily，we made it to safety just before the landslide hit our house. 2.Thanks to the knowledge from my teacher，I was able to save my family in a natural disaster. 素材宝库 词汇 1、气象灾害：typhoon（台风）、snowstorm（暴风雪）、rainstorm（暴雨）、drought（旱灾）、heatwave（热浪） 2、地质灾害：earthquake（地震）、flood（洪水）、landslide（滑坡）、wildfire（野火） 3、海洋灾害：tsunami（海啸）、storm surge（风暴潮） 4、灾害相关：thunder（雷声）、lightning（闪电）、strong winds（大风）、floodwater（洪水）、flame（火焰）、smoke（烟雾） 1. 主题词汇 （1）天气类词汇 rainy（下雨的）windy（刮风的）snowy（下雪的）stormy（暴风雨的）thunderstorm（雷雨）foggy（有雾的）：cloudy（多云的）dark（昏暗的）wet（潮湿的）cold（寒冷的）rain（雨；下雨）wind（风）snow（雪；下雪）lightning（闪电）thunder（雷声）downpour（倾盆大雨）shower（阵雨） （2）动作类词汇 wait（等待）run（跑）hide（躲藏）carry（携带）get wet（淋湿）dry（擦干）cancel（取消）postpone（推迟）walk（走路）help（帮助）hold（抓住；拿）fall（落下）stop（停止）continue（继续） （3）情感类词汇 disappointed（失望的）worried（担心的）scared（害怕的）warm（温暖的）happy（开心的）sad（难过的）：calm（平静的）thankful（感激的）annoyed（烦躁的）relaxed（放松的） （4）其他相关词汇 umbrella（雨伞）raincoat（雨衣）shelter（遮蔽处）street（街道）school gate（校门口）home（家）picnic（野餐）plan（计划）trouble（麻烦）kindness（善良） 句型 自然灾害的描述与影响 1、During a typhoon, there are strong winds and heavy rain, and some houses may be damaged. 2、The earthquake shook the whole city, and many buildings fell down in a short time. 3、Floods swept through the village, leaving water everywhere and making people homeless. 4、The snowstorm lasted for three days, and roads were covered with thick snow, making traffic impossible. 5、Wildfires spread quickly in the dry forest, destroying many trees and animal habitats. 6、After the tsunami, the coastal areas were in a mess, and people lost their homes and relatives. 7、The drought made the land dry and hard, and crops could not grow at all. 8、The heavy rain caused landslides, blocking the roads and cutting off the communication with the outside world. 灾害发生时的行动与自救 1、When an earthquake happens, hide under a strong table and protect your head and neck. 2、During a typhoon, stay indoors and don't go out, close the windows tightly. 3、If you are caught in a flood, move to higher ground as soon as possible. 4、When a fire breaks out, cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel and run out quickly. 5、If you meet a landslide, run to the side of the slope instead of up or down. 6、During a snowstorm, wear warm clothes and don't get lost in the snow. 7、When a tsunami warning is issued, leave the coastal area immediately. 8、If you are trapped in a disaster, call for help and save energy while waiting. 灾害前的准备与预防 1、Pay attention to weather forecasts and disaster warnings in daily life. 2、Prepare emergency supplies such as food, water, flashlights and first-aid kits. 3、Learn basic first-aid skills, such as how to stop bleeding and do artificial respiration. 4、Make an escape plan with your family and know the safe exit of your home. 5、Strengthen the house to make it more resistant to disasters like typhoons and earthquakes. 6、don't build houses in dangerous areas such as floodplains and steep slopes. 7、Plant more trees to prevent soil erosion and reduce the impact of floods and landslides. 8、Participate in disaster prevention drills to be familiar with the escape process. 灾害后的应对与重建 1、After the disaster, help clean up the mess and rescue the trapped people. 2、Donate money and materials to help the disaster-stricken areas rebuild their homes. 3、Comfort the people who lost their relatives and help them get out of sadness. 4、Check the safety of houses before moving back in to avoid secondary disasters. 5、Cooperate with the government and relief organizations to carry out relief work. 6、Learn lessons from the disaster and improve disaster prevention and reduction measures. 7、Repair roads, power and water supply facilities to restore normal life. 8、Protect the environment to reduce the occurrence of natural disasters. 结尾段：敬畏自然与防灾减灾 1、Natural disasters are powerful, but we can reduce losses through preparation and unity. 2、We should respect nature and protect the environment to prevent natural disasters. 3、Learning disaster knowledge and self-rescue skills can help us survive in danger. 4、Lets work together to fight against natural disasters and build a safer home. 5、Disasters teach us to cherish life and cherish the peaceful days we have. 6、With scientific preparation and positive attitude, we can face natural disasters bravely. 7、Protecting nature is protecting ourselves, and we should live in harmony with nature. 8、May there be fewer natural disasters, and everyone can live a safe and happy life. 名言 1.It never rains but it pours.祸不单行。 2.The darkest hour is that before the dawn.黎明前的时分是最黑暗的。 参考范文 Last Friday，I had a really bad day. While I was having breakfast with my younger sister，the sky was getting darker and darker. I heard thunder and saw lightning. When I left the house，it started to rain heavily. The rain was ①too heavy for me to see the road clearly. Later，while I was waiting at the bus stop，②all of a sudden，the cold wind blew harder，making me feel terribly cold. My old umbrella even ③went wrong because of the strong wind. At last，the bus came. But because of the rainstorm，there was a lot of traffic. So the bus was moving very slowly.④As soon as it stopped at my school，I jumped off and rushed towards the classroom.⑤By the time I got to the classroom，I was wet through and ⑥out of breath. ⑦As a result，I was not only late but also felt really bad. It was really a day I never wanted to have again! 教材原句 ①【Section B 3a】The wind was too strong for me to use my umbrella!（too…to…太……而不能……） ②【Section B 3a】All of a sudden，thunder rolled across the sky.（all of a sudden 突然） ③【Section B 3c】What happened or went wrong because of the bad weather?（go wrong 出现故障） ④【Section B 1d】Tilly’s father believed her as soon as she…（as soon as 一……就……） ⑤【Section B 3a】By the time the bus came，I was cold and wet.（by the time 到……的时候） ⑥【Section B 3a】When I finally reached my classroom，out of breath，my teacher was…（out of breath 上气不接下气） ⑦【Section B 3a】As a result，she said we weren’t having a test after all!（as a result 因此） 范例2： 自然灾害可能突然降临，我们无法阻止自然灾害，但我们可以用知识武装自己。请你根据下面提示，以“A Landslide”为题，写一篇短文。 提示问题： ●When did the landslide happen? ●What were your family doing when the disaster happened? ●What did you hear，see，do or feel during the disaster? 审题指导 1.记叙文 2.第一人称 3.过去进行时 一般过去时 优秀例文 【基础版】 A Landslide Last Sunday，a landslide happened in our town.My family experienced a terrible day. It was ten in the morning. I was doing my homework at home. My parents were doing chores.Suddenly，I heard a loud noise outside. All of us were shocked and stood still.Then we heard someone shouting“Landslide! It’s a landslide.” Just then，I remembered that our teacher once told us we should quickly escape to the high ground when a landslide happens. I told my family about it and we started to rush out. When we arrived at the high ground，we saw the landslide hit our house. We felt very sad，but luckily，we were safe. Thanks to the knowledge from my teacher，I was able to save my family in a natural disaster. 【提升版】 A Landslide Last Sunday，a landslide happened in our town.My family experienced a terrible day. It was ten in the morning. I was doing my homework at home while my parents were doing chores.All of a sudden，I heard a loud noise outside. All of us were so shocked that we stood still.Then we heard someone shouting，“Landslide! It’s a landslide.”Just then，I remembered that our teacher once told us we should quickly escape to the high ground when a landslide happens. I told my family about it.Then we jumped into action right away and rushed out. As soon as we arrived at the high ground，out of breath，we saw the landslide hit our house. We felt very sad，but luckily，we made it to safety just before the landslide hit our house. Thanks to the knowledge from my teacher，I was able to save my family in a natural disaster. 写作拓展 变式提升训练 话题: A Close Call with a Natural Disaster (一次与自然灾害的惊险相遇) 写作要求 1. 围绕一次亲身经历或听闻的自然灾害展开，明确说明灾害类型 (如 typhoon/earthquake/snowstorm 等)、发生场景及当时的紧急情况。 2. 结合单元主题 "自然灾害对生活的影响", 重点描述灾害发生时的细节、人们的应对行为及事后的感悟。3. 正确使用过去进行时 (was/were + 动词 - ing) 描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，语言流畅，逻辑清晰。4. 字数不少于 80 词，文中不得出现真实人名、校名。 写作指导 1. 结构设计：采用 "灾害突发 - 紧急应对 - 事后感悟" 的三段式结构，完整呈现灾害从发生到结束的过程，突出 "惊险" 与 "成长" 的核心。 2. 内容要点:场景铺垫：交代灾害发生的时间、地点及初始征兆 (如 "dark clouds gathering"strong winds blowing"), 用一般过去时引入背景。核心描述：重点使用过去进行时描述灾害发生时的动作 (如 "was watchingTV when the earthquake started""were driving home while the typhoon hit"), 结合感官细节 (视觉"flames jumping"、听觉"thunder rolling"、触觉"house shaking") 增强画面感；同时说明应对措施 (如"hidunder thetable"called for help""used a fire extinguisher"), 可融入他人的帮助或专业救援的情节。感悟升华：结合单元核心观点，总结从灾害中获得的启示 (如 "theimportance of preparation"staying calm in emergencies""valuing safety"), 呼应 "Nature's Temper" 的主题。 3. 语言技巧:时态运用：严格区分一般过去时 (描述短暂动作或背景) 与过去进行时 (描述持续动作), 如 "When the tornado hit, we were hiding in the basement"词汇搭配：合理使用单元核心词汇 (如 "warn、preparation、rescue、safeguard、panic") 及短语 (如 "catch fire、take cover、clear up、stay safe")。衔接过渡：用 "suddenly、all of a sudden、at that moment、finally" 等词串联事件发展，用 "because、so、but" 体现逻辑关系。 写作模板 开头段 Last summer, my family and I experienced a terrible _(灾害类型，如 "typhoon""earthquake") in my hometown. It happened on a (时间，如 "Saturday afternoon") when (初始场景，如 "we were having lunch at home"I was walking back from school"). At first, we didn't notice anything unusual, but soon(早期征兆，如 "the wind became stronger and the rain started pouring"). 中间段 Suddenly,(灾害爆发的具体表现，如 "the house started shaking violently""the roof was nearly blown off). My dad shouted, "Quick! Take cover!" At that moment, I(自己的动作，如 "was so scared that I froze""grabbed my little sister's hand"). While we were hiding (躲藏地点，如"under the dining table""in the safe room"), we heard_(听觉细节，如 "windows breaking""people screaming"). Luckily,(应对或救援，如 "my mom had stored water and food before""the rescue team arrived an hour later"). When the disaster finally passed, we stepped outside and found(灾后景象，如 "trees fallen everywhere""roads blocked by debris"). 结尾段 This experience was really a close call. It taught me that_ (感悟 1, 如 "natural disasters are scary but we can protect ourselves with preparation"). I also realized that(感悟 2, 如 "staying calmis the key to surviving emergencies"). From now on, I will (行动倡议，如 "pay attention to weather reports""learn first-aid skills") to face unexpected dangers. Nature's temper is unpredictable, but our preparedness can keep us safe. 范文 A Close Call with a Natural Disaster Last autumn, my classmates and I had a close call with a sudden rainstorm and landslide during a school trip. It happened on a Friday morning when we were hiking in the mountains. At first, the sky was cloudy, but we didn't care--we were singing and taking photos happily. Suddenly, thunder rolled across the sky, and it started to pour all of a sudden. Our teacher shouted, "Hurry to the nearby cave!" While we were running towards the cave, the wind became so strong that it blew away our hats. Just as we reached the cave, we heard a loud noise behind us: a landslide had blocked the road we came from! Some students were so scared that they cried, but our teacher kept calm and told us to stay together. He also called the school for help. We were shivering with cold, but luckily, we had packed some snacks and water before the trip. After two hours, the rescue team arrived and took us back safely. This experience made me understand how powerful nature is. It also taught me that preparation and calmness are crucial in emergencies. From now on, I will always check the weather before going out and learn more safety skills. We can't control nature's temper, but we can prepare ourselves to stay safe. 写作训练 1.假如你是李明，你的城市曾经经历了一场大型自然灾害（如地震、洪水或台风等）。今年是该自然灾害发生三周年，学校想做一个专题活动，提醒人们积极应对自然灾害。请根据以下提示写一篇英语发言稿，讲述那场灾害发生的情况、人们的反应以及你从中学到的经验。 提示： 1.灾害的类型、发生时间及地点； 2.你和家人/朋友的感受及反应； 3.克服困难及灾后情况的描述； 4.从中学到的经验或你的感悟。 注意： 1.短文须包含上述提示信息，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2.文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3.词数不少于80(首句已为你写好，不计入总词数)。 Hello, I’m Li Ming.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文赏读】 Hello, I’m Li Ming. Three years ago, a terrible earthquake hit our city.  While I was having a maths class, the ground shook very hard and things around me began to move from side to side. My classmates and I rushed out of the classroom at once. I was so scared that I searched for my teachers and friends everywhere. One of my friends found me. We stayed together and helped each other. Later, volunteers came, and we got out of danger. I broke my left leg in the earthquake. Thanks to the doctors’ treatment in time, I recovered at last. Life slowly went back to normal. This disaster has taught me that we should always stay calm, face it with courage, and never give up. 总体分析 ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，围绕人教版八下Unit 5 自然灾害话题，讲述李明三年前经历地震的惊险过程，属于个人经历类叙事作文，兼具故事性与感悟性；②时态：过去进行时 + 一般过去时搭配精准，符合单元语法要求，用过去进行时描述地震发生时正在进行的动作，用一般过去时叙述事件经过，时态切换自然、用法规范；③提示：紧扣 “一次自然灾害惊险经历” 写作要点，按事件背景 — 地震经过 — 自救互助 — 受伤康复 — 人生感悟展开，内容完整、逻辑清晰，无真实人名校名，完全满足单元写作要求。 写作步骤 第一步，开篇点题，直接交代身份、时间、事件；第二步，具体叙述地震全过程，先写地震发生时正在上数学课，再写师生紧急避险、寻找同伴、互相帮助，接着写志愿者救援、自己受伤、医生救治康复，细节完整、情节连贯；第三步，结尾升华感悟，总结地震带来的启示 —— 保持冷静、勇敢面对、永不放弃，呼应单元主题，收束有力。 亮点词汇 ①a terrible earthquake 一场可怕的地震②hit our city 袭击我们的城市③shake very hard 剧烈摇晃④rush out of the classroom 冲出教室⑤search for… 寻找……⑥stay together 待在一起⑦help each other 互相帮助⑧get out of danger 脱离危险⑨break one’s leg 摔断腿⑩thanks to 多亏了⑪in time 及时⑫recover 康复⑬go back to normal 恢复正常⑭stay calm 保持冷静⑮face… with courage 勇敢面对……⑯never give up 永不放弃 高分句型 ①While I was having a maths class, the ground shook very hard.（while 引导时间状语从句 + 过去进行时，是本单元核心高分句型，精准描述 “地震发生时正在做某事”） ②I was so scared that I searched for my teachers and friends everywhere.（so…that… 引导结果状语从句，高级句型，生动表达害怕程度，提升作文档次） ③Thanks to the doctors’ treatment in time, I recovered at last.（thanks to引出原因，句式简洁且衔接自然，丰富文章逻辑） ④This disaster has taught me that we should always stay calm, face it with courage, and never give up.（宾语从句升华主题，三个并列短语结构整齐、语气坚定，是结尾感悟经典满分句） 2.假如你准备参加学校举办的主题为“How to Protect Ourselves in an Earthquake at School”的英语征文比赛。请你按以下要求写一篇英语短文，主要介绍发生地震时我们该如何保护自己。要求： 1.语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范； 2.必须包含所给提示词，并做适当拓展； 3.词数80左右。(文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数) How to Protect Ourselves in an Earthquake at School Life is not easy. As students, we should learn how to protect ourselves in an earthquake at school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We should remember these ways and they can help us. How to Protect Ourselves in an Earthquake at School Life is not easy. As students, we should learn how to protect ourselves in an earthquake at school. In class, we should calm down when an earthquake happens. Shouting and crying are useless. We must follow the teacher’s guidance. Second, we should stay under our desks with our schoolbags on our heads. Third, we mustn’t jump out of the building. If we are outside the classroom, move to the playground quickly. Use hands to cover our heads when we run to the playground. It can prevent us from being injured. Lastly, we should help each other. Only in this way can we overcome the difficulty. We should remember these ways and they can help us. [总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，不得遗漏，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开门见山，引出话题； 第二步：详细阐述在不同地点的防护措施； 第三步：书写结尾。 [亮点词汇] ①calm down冷静 ②follow the teacher’s guidance听从老师的引导 ③help each other互相帮助 ④overcome the difficulty克服困难 [高分句型] ①In class, we should calm down when an earthquake happens.（时间状语从句） ②Only in this way can we overcome the difficulty.（倒装句） 3.某英文报举办“自然灾害与人类”主题征文活动。请你根据下面的提示，以“Natural disasters and us”为题，写一篇不少于60词的短文。 过去 1.对自然灾害了解甚少 2.灾害造成大量人员伤亡和财产损失 3.灾后恢复重建很困难 现在 1.监测：建立先进的预警系统 2.预防：学校开展防灾演练，教学生如何保护自己 3.救援：救援队伍能更快到达灾区 将来 请你展望未来的灾害应对 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Natural disasters and us In the past, people knew little about natural disasters. This often led to a great loss of life and property. Recovery was slow and difficult. Now, we have advanced warning systems to monitor disasters. Schools hold safety drills to teach students how to protect themselves. Rescue teams can reach affected areas much faster. In the future, I believe technology will help us even more. We might use AI to predict disasters more accurately and drones to deliver supplies quickly. With better preparation, we can reduce damage and save more lives. 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：介绍性说明文，用一般过去时、一般现在时和一般将来时结合 明确要点：过去（认知少、损失大、恢复难）、现在（监测、预防、救援）、未来（展望应对措施） 确定人称：第一人称/第三人称均可，以客观说明为主 注意事项：不少于60词，时态区分清晰 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：描述过去人们应对自然灾害的状况 主体段：介绍现在应对灾害的进步措施 结尾段：展望未来的灾害应对方式，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一： 过去的情况认知情况：knew little about natural disasters 造成影响：led to a great loss of life and property 恢复难度：Recovery was slow and difficult 要点二： 现在的措施监测手段：have advanced warning systems to monitor disasters 预防行动：Schools hold safety drills to teach students how to protect themselves 救援效率：Rescue teams can reach affected areas much faster 要点三： 未来的展望技术应用：use AI to predict disasters more accurately; use drones to deliver supplies quickly 最终目标：reduce damage and save more lives 4．每到夏天，总有些地方洪水肆虐。如何在洪水中保护自己呢?你们班在英语课上就这一问题进行了讨论。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文，表达自己的观点。 How to Protect Ourselves in Floods Before the disaster During the disaster ●often watch the news about the flood ●prepare water, food and medicine ●move to higher places at once ●don’t try to swim … 要求： 1.包含所有给出的提示要点，可适当发挥; 2.80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Good morning, everyone!  Floods happen nearly every summer. Today I’d like to talk about how to protect ourselves in the flood. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4． Good morning, everyone! Floods happen nearly every summer. Today I’d like to talk about how to protect ourselves in the flood. Firstly, we should often watch the news about the flood. We need to prepare water, food and medicine before the disaster comes. Secondly, when there is flood, we must move to higher places and stay there to wait for rescue. Remember not to try to swim through the floodwater. Thirdly, if the flood washes us away, we should keep calm. We can catch something made of wood because it can help us get out of the water. If we need help, we can also call the police. 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：说明文，用一般现在时为主，部分建议可使用祈使句 明确要点：灾前准备、灾中应对措施、特殊情况处理 确定人称：第一人称复数（we）和第二人称（you，隐含在建议中） 注意事项：包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥，词数80词左右 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：引入话题，点明讨论内容 主体段：分点阐述灾前准备和灾中应对措施 结尾段：特殊情况处理及总结 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：灾前准备 观看洪水新闻：watch the news about the flood 准备必需品：prepare water, food and medicine 要点二：灾中应对 转移到高处：move to higher places 等待救援：stay there to wait for rescue 禁止游泳：Remember not to try to swim through the floodwater 5．假设三个月前，一场飓风(hurricane)袭击了你所居住的城市。请你发挥想象，根据以下要点和要求写一篇文章，描述飓风发生时的情况，并谈谈你的感悟。 内容包括： 1. 灾难发生时，人们可以听到雷声，看到闪电；两小时后，飓风消失了。 2. 在这次灾难中共有7人死亡，2400多座房屋倒塌。 3. 灾难后，人们开始互救，许多警察和消防员也来救援。 要求： 1. 语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范； 2. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称； 3. 词数 80—100，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 思路点拨 1. 体裁：记叙文；2. 时态：主要使用一般过去时和一般现在时；3. 人称：第一人称；4. 框架结构： [写作练习] Three months ago, a hurricane hit my city. It was a scary natural disaster. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5． Three months ago, a hurricane hit my city. It was a scary natural disaster. In the beginning, the sky became dark. Everyone could hear a strange noise, but nobody knew what was happening. We heard thunder and saw lightning. Two hours later, the hurricane disappeared. During the disaster, seven people lost their lives. Over 2,400 houses fell down. Many people had nowhere to live. After the disaster, people began to help each other. Many police officers and firefighters came to help us, too. I think that we should learn how to keep ourselves safe when we are facing disasters. [总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以“一般过去时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示，并适当添加细节，注意字母大小写以及标点符号。 [写作步骤] 第一步，承接已给的开头，引出话题； 第二步，具体叙述过程，如飓风来临时的天气现象及过后造成的损失等； 第三步，介绍从中得到的启示。 [亮点词汇] ①natural disaster自然灾害 ②lose one’s life丧生 ③fall down倒塌 [高分句型] I think that we should learn how to keep ourselves safe when we are facing disasters.（宾语从句；时间状语从句） 6．2023年12月，我们国家的部分地区遭遇了罕见的暴雪。请以“The Snowstorm”为题，根据下列提示并结合所学内容，写一篇80词左右的英语作文。 内容提示: 1. What was the result of the snowstorm? 2. What did our country do to deal with the snowstorm? 3. What should we do as students? 注意: 1. 必须包含所有提示内容，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6． The Snowstorm In December 2023, a severe snowstorm hit parts of China. It brought heavy snow that blocked roads and caused many schools to close. Our country acted quickly. Workers cleared the main roads, and volunteers helped people in need with food and warm supplies. As students, we should learn to be prepared for bad weather. We can help our families and neighbours, and always remember the importance of teamwork and helping each other in difficult times. [总体分析] ①题材：材料作文； ②时态：一般过去时与一般现在时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏，并适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，并突出重点，注意字母大小写以及标点符号。 [写作步骤] 第一步，描述暴风雪造成的影响； 第二步，阐述国家和社会采取的应对措施； 第三步，从学生的角度提出应做的准备和应尽的义务。 [亮点词汇] ①severe snowstorm严重的暴风雪 ②blocked roads阻塞道路 ③acted quickly迅速行动 ④teamwork团队合作 [高分句型] ①It brought heavy snow that blocked roads and caused many schools to close. (that引导的定语从句，and连接的并列谓语) ②Workers cleared the main roads, and volunteers helped people in need with food and warm supplies. (and连接的并列句，with短语表示方式) ③We can help our families and neighbours, and always remember the importance of teamwork and helping each other in difficult times. (and连接的并列谓语，remember后接名词短语作宾语) 7．假定你是李华，英国笔友Tom计划来中国旅行。他了解到自然灾害偶有发生，特询问相关信息。请回复邮件。 Dear Li Hua, I’ve read online that some areas may sometimes have natural disasters like earthquakes or floods. I’d like to know some safe ways to deal with them. For example, what should I do if an earthquake hits suddenly? And I also want to learn how to keep myself safe during a flood. Besides, I hope to get some simple safety rules for my trip. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Tom 注意： 1. 涵盖所有要点，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范； 2. 词数80词左右。邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 文中不得提及有关个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 Dear Tom, I’m glad to share some safety tips with you.  ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m sure these tips will help you have a safe trip. Welcome to China! Yours, Li Hua Dear Tom, I'm glad to share some safety tips with you. If an earthquake hits suddenly, stay calm first. Try to hide under a strong table or stand in a corner. Stay away from windows. If you are outdoors, move to an open area. During a flood, do not walk or drive through moving water. Go to higher ground as soon as possible. Here are some general rules: always listen to local weather reports, know the emergency numbers, and follow instructions from local people. It’s also good to have a small safety bag with water, food, and a flashlight. I'm sure these tips will help you have a safe trip. Welcome to China! Yours, Li Hua [总体分析] ①题材：电子邮件； ②时态：一般现在时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏，并适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，并突出重点，注意字母大小写以及标点符号。 [写作步骤] 第一步，感谢询问并引出安全提示； 第二步，针对地震情况，提出室内外具体应对措施； 第三步，针对洪水情况，给出核心安全原则； 第四步，提供通用旅行安全建议； 第五步，表达祝愿。 [亮点词汇] ①stay calm保持冷静 ②strong table坚固的桌子 ③open area开阔地带 ④higher ground高地 ⑤emergency numbers紧急电话号码 [高分句型] ①If an earthquake hits suddenly, stay calm first. (If引导的条件状语从句，祈使句作主句) ②During a flood, do not walk or drive through moving water. (介词短语作时间状语，祈使句否定形式) ③It’s also good to have a small safety bag with water, food, and a flashlight. (It's+形容词+to do sth.结构，with短语作后置定语) 假设你在山区徒步时遭遇野火，请根据以下思维导图提示，写一篇题目为“A Frightening Wildfire Experience”的短文，词数80左右，开头已给出。 可怕的野火经历 1. 背景（周末和家人徒步，天气干燥炎热）2. 过程（看到远处冒烟，火势蔓延很快；我们立刻往山下跑，拨打求救电话；消防员赶到扑灭大火）3. 结果（安全脱险，明白野外防火和应急求救的重要性） 总结与感悟（敬畏自然，牢记防灾知识，遇到危险保持冷静） A Frightening Wildfire Experience Last weekend, my family and I went hiking in the mountains. The weather was dry and hot, but we didnt expect to face a terrible danger. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文】 A Frightening Wildfire Experience Last weekend, my family and I went hiking in the mountains. The weather was dry and hot, but we didnt expect to face a terrible danger. While we were climbing, we saw thick smoke in the distance. The wildfire was spreading quickly—flames were jumping between trees! My dad shouted, "Run down the mountain!" We were running as fast as we could when my mum called the emergency number. The firefighters arrived an hour later and worked hard to put out the fire. We stayed at a safe distance and waited for the all-clear. We were lucky to be safe. This experience told me that we must be careful with fire in the wild. Staying calm and calling for help quickly are crucial when facing natural disasters. 总体分析 ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，围绕人教版八下Unit 5 自然灾害话题，讲述一次山林野火惊险经历，属于个人遇险叙事作文，兼具故事性与警示性；②时态：过去进行时 + 一般过去时搭配标准，符合单元核心语法要求，用过去进行时描述险情发生时的持续动作，用一般过去时叙述事件经过，时态切换自然、用法规范；③提示：紧扣 “一次自然灾害惊险相遇” 写作要点，按出行背景 — 险情突发 — 紧急应对 — 救援脱险 — 感悟启示展开，内容完整、逻辑清晰，无真实信息，字数达标，完全贴合单元写作要求。 写作步骤 第一步，开篇交代背景，点明时间、人物、事件、环境—— 上周末和家人登山，天气干热，为野火发生埋下伏笔，自然引出危险；第二步，具体描述险情经过，先写远处浓烟、火焰蔓延，再写家人快速撤离、拨打急救电话，接着写消防员灭火、众人安全等待，动作连贯、细节真实；第三步，结尾总结感悟，强调野外防火、保持冷静、及时求助的重要性，升华主题，收束简洁有力。 亮点词汇 ①go hiking 去远足②dry and hot 干燥炎热③thick smoke 浓烟④in the distance 在远处⑤spread quickly 快速蔓延⑥flames were jumping 火焰跳跃⑦run down the mountain 跑下山⑧as fast as we could 尽可能快地⑨emergency number 急救电话⑩put out the fire 灭火⑪safe distance 安全距离⑫wait for the all-clear 等待解除警报⑬be careful with fire 小心用火⑭in the wild 在野外⑮stay calm 保持冷静⑯call for help 求助⑰crucial 至关重要的 高分句型 ①While we were climbing, we saw thick smoke in the distance.（while 引导时间状语从句 + 过去进行时，本单元核心高分句型，精准描述 “遇险时正在做的动作”） ②We were running as fast as we could when my mum called the emergency number.（be doing…when… 经典句型，表示 “正在做…… 这时突然……”，突出险情紧急） ③Staying calm and calling for help quickly are crucial when facing natural disasters.（动名词作主语，高级句式，结尾升华观点，结构整齐、语气坚定，是满分结尾句） 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $