抢分01 科技新知与人工智能（热点话题）（抢分专练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲练测

抢分01 科技新知与人工智能（热点话题） 热点导读 热点集训 科技新知与人工智能 (Technology Development & AI) 核心内涵 聚焦 AI、大数据、机器人、互联网应用、科技伦理、数字化生活等现代科技发展及其社会影响 考查角度 细节信息提取、新技术原理理解、作者观点态度、科技利弊讨论、词义猜测 备考重点 掌握科技类高频词汇；熟悉说明文结构；辨析科技利弊类观点；提升长难句解读能力 相关词汇 algorithm, automation, facial recognition, ethical dilemma, digital divide (数据鸿沟) 语法填空 介绍丰田 “编织之城”，作为 AI 与机器人测试基地，阐述其规划、技术、挑战与未来发展。 选词填空 讲述自动驾驶可减少人为失误与车祸，政府应破除监管障碍，推动无人驾驶普及。 完形填空 介绍新型活性包装技术，通过智能标签与气体调控延长食品保鲜，减少浪费。 阅读理解 回顾电话、互联网、邮件与 5G 的通信变革，展望 6G 将构建全互联世界框架。 概要写作 讨论自动驾驶的安全性，支持者认为可降事故提效率，反对者指出技术局限与网络风险。 一、语法填空 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Toyota opens $10B “Woven City” in Japan to Test Life with Robots and AI Toyota has formally launched the first phase of 1 Woven City, a $10 billion “test course for mobility” built at the foot of Mt. Fuji. Intent & Function: A Living Lab for Future Tech Toyota positions Woven City not as a typical smart city, but as a living laboratory to test 2 (integrate) systems of mobility, infrastructure, energy, computation, and daily life. The aim is to gather real-world data and evidence to validate technologies before 3 (broad) deployment. Technologies under active testing include autonomous vehicles, robotics, indoor air systems that minimize pollen, and an autonomous robot capable of transporting vehicles between designated spots using lidar and camera systems. Scale, Timeline & Partners The Woven City site occupies part of a former Toyota vehicle manufacturing plant. 4 fully complete, the city aims to host up to 2,000 residents. A total of 12 Toyota Group companies, along with seven external firms and a musician, are part of the co-creation ecosystem. In addition to mobility and software firms, collaborators span sectors 5 ______air conditioning, food & beverage, and electronics. Challenges & Forward Path Though heralded as a pioneering step, Woven City faces significant challenges: Scale vs. realism: The first phase is small in population, and technologies tested 6 prove reliability in more complex, larger-scale settings. Technology risk: Systems like autonomous transport, air purification, and smart infrastructure must pass rigorous safety and usability thresholds 7 technology transfer. Integration into broader society: Bridging from controlled test environments to real cities with existing infrastructure 8 (be) a steep transition. Going forward, Toyota intends to expand the co-creation network, scale infrastructure, increase the resident base, and gradually introduce public access. Toyota’s move to bring Woven City alive is a tangible marker in the 9 (evolve) landscape of mobility, infrastructure, and urban living. Whether it succeeds as a scalable blueprint for future cities will rest on 10 these experiments translate into everyday systems and whether the lessons learned here can be exported beyond their controlled environment. 二、选词填空 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．piloted         B．precisely    C． barriers     D．fault    E. misjudge F. life-threatening   G. transition   H. priorities    I. tempted  J. posed   K. undeniably Your robot driver is on its way Driving has many downsides: There’s pollution, traffic, finding a place to park. But worst of all are the crashes. In 2023, an estimated 40,990 people were killed in car crashes in the United States. Reducing traffic crashes should be among the nation’s highest 11 . Behind each one lie many human errors. People get behind the wheel when they are drunk or sleepy, and they text or talk on their phones instead of paying attention to the road. Or they simply 12 road conditions. Enormous work has gone into reducing these human errors. But data from Waymo, Alphabet’s self-driving car unit, suggests that a better strategy might be to take the driver out of the picture and let vehicles be 13 by machines that will never get distracted or drunk, or be 14 to break traffic laws because they’re running late. Waymo robotaxis have logged 33 million miles and the company’s figures show that Waymo robotaxi vehicles deliver 15 better safety performance. Compared with cars driven by humans, Waymo vehicles have been involved in 62 percent fewer police-reported crashes and 78 percent fewer crashes that resulted in injury. Timothy B．Lee, author of the Understanding AI newsletter, pointed out the crashes “were mostly low-speed collisions (碰撞)” that 16 no serious safety risk. “A large majority appeared to be the 17 of the other driver,” Lee said. It’s too early to know how much self-driving cars could reduce 18 crashes. But it’s reasonable to hope that Waymo will prove safer than human drivers. Governments at all levels should be rushing to knock down regulatory 19 that stand in the way of faster adoption of driverless cars while also ensuring that the companies meet the highest standards for safety and accountability. In early January, the Autonomous Vehicle Industry Association released a proposed policy framework that aims to speed the 20 . The association also calls for a national safety database to provide a better view of crash incidents involving self-driving cars. 三、完形填空 Unwrapping your shopping to find you have bought moldy bread, rotten fruit and sour milk could soon become a thing of the past, thanks to the range of emerging active packaging’ technologies. While traditional packaging simply 21 barrier that protects food, active packaging can do a lot more. Some materials interact with the product to 22 it in some way, or provide better information on the state it is in. 23 , they may absorb oxygen inside a wrapper to help prevent food spoilage or show whether potentially dangerous foods like red meat and chicken have been stored at unsafe temperatures. One of the new breeds of packaging technologies that has just gone on the market in France is a “time temperature indicator”. Stores where the product has already been introduced report that far fewer consumers are returning 24 food. The indicator is basically a label that 25 the temperature a package has been kept at and for how long. The label has a dark ring around a lighter circle. The central ring contains a chemical which polymerizes (聚合), changing color as it does so from clear to 26 .If the package stays cool, the reaction is slow, but increasing the temperature speeds up the polymerization. When the inner circle darkens, it means the product is no longer 27 fresh. Smart packaging can also control the 28 inside a container. For instance, the make-up of oxygen and carbon dioxide within packaged vegetables will influence their freshness. This can be 29 to control in a sealed package, since vegetables consume more oxygen and give off more carbon dioxide as the package gets warmer. A firm in California is trying to solve the problem with a wrapper it calls “Intelimer”, which changes its permeability (渗透性) as the temperature changes in a way that keeps different products at their best O2/CO2 30 . Decay can also be 31 by controlling the environment inside a package with an “oxygen scavenger (清除剂)”. 32 , this is achieved by placing a small bag filled with iron powder in the package — any oxygen in the package is consumed by the iron as it oxidizes. However, consumers don’t 33 finding small bags marked “Don’t eat” in their food, so a company in New Jersey is making a wrap that itself consumes oxygen. The material includes an inner layer of an oxidizable polymer that 34 oxygen in the same way as iron. It is predicted that between 20 and 40 percent of all food packaging will soon be 35 . 21．A．acts as B．belongs to C．deals with D．relies on 22．A．change B．improve C．isolate D．promote 23．A．Even so B．For instance C．In consequence D．What’s more 24．A．broken B．inadequate C．spoilt D．unnecessary 25．A．forecasts B．lowers C．maintains D．tracks 26．A．neutral B．blocked C．dark D．unclear 27．A．guaranteed B．observed C．purchased D．required 28．A．atmosphere B．effectiveness C．temperature D．hygiene 29．A．possible B．hard C．quick D．convenient 30．A．components B．concentrations C．regulations D．implements 31．A．taken on B．wiped out C．turned away D．slowed down 32．A．Theoretically B．Luckily C．Surprisingly D．Currently 33．A．avoid B．mind C．like D．consider 34．A．creates B．maintains C．kills D．traps 35．A．friendly B．appealing C．active D．flexible 四、阅读理解 The Role of Technology in the Evolution of Communication For as long as humans have been on this planet, we have invented various forms of communication — from smoke signals and messenger pigeons to telephones and email — these forms have constantly changed the way we interact with each other. ◎The Telephone In 1849, the telephone was invented and within 50 years it was an essential item for homes and offices, but wired connections affected the flexibility and privacy of the device. Then, came the mobile phone. In 1973, Motorola created a mobile phone which kick-started a chain of developments that transformed the communication landscape forever. Early smartphones were primarily aimed at the enterprise market, bridging the gap between telephones and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), but they were bulky and had short battery life. By 1996, Nokia launched phones with QWERTY keyboards. By 2010, the majority of Android phones were touchscreen-only. In 2007, Steve Jobs introduced the first iPhone to the world, and Apple paved the way for the aesthetic design of modern smartphones. Before the iPhone emerged, “flip phones” and phones with split keyboards and screens were the norm. A year later, a central application store with an initial 500 downloadable “apps” was launched. Currently, there are over 2 million apps available in the Apple App Store. ◎The Internet Since the mid-1990s, the Internet has had a revolutionary impact on communication, including the rise of near-instant communication by e-mail, instant messaging, two-way interactive video calls, discussion forums, blogs, and social networking. The Internet has made communication easier and faster, allowing us to stay in touch with others regardless of time and location. It has accelerated the pace of business and expanded possibilities within the enterprise space. It has allowed people to find their voices and self-expression through social media. The Internet has connected and divided us like nothing before. ◎E-mail As a byproduct of the World Wide Web, e-mail was introduced to the world in 1991, though it had been in use for many years before that. It has dramatically changed our lives, for better or worse depending on personal perspective. The first users of such messaging platforms were the education system and the military, who used e-mail to exchange information. In 2018, global email users exceeded 3.8 billion, a number that exceeds half of the world’s population. By 2022, it’s expected that we will be sending 333 billion personal and business emails each day. ◎5G 5G, the 5th-generation mobile network, features much faster data upload and download speeds, wider coverage, and more stable connections. These advantages bring about significant improvements in communication. Instantaneous communication becomes a reality, and those patchy, annoying video calls have become a thing of the past. 5G’s transmission speed is 100 to 1,000 times the average transmission speed of 4G currently used by smartphones. The Consumer Technology Association points out that at such speeds, a two-hour movie can be downloaded in just 3.6 seconds, compared to 6 minutes on 4G and 26 hours on 3G. 5G’s impact will extend far beyond smartphones, enabling millions of devices to connect simultaneously. Looking ahead, there is already buzz about 6G. Although it is still in basic research and around 15 to 20 years away, it is worth noting from an innovation perspective. 6G will build the framework of the interconnected world we aspire to, where communication speed and consistency will reach unprecedented levels 36．According to the passage, the first iPhone ________. A．was designed primarily for the enterprise market B．was released together with an application store C．set a new standard for smartphone design D．replaced flip phones as the mainstream product immediately 37．Which of the following statements about email is TRUE? A．It was first made available to the public in 1991. B．It was initially developed for commercial purposes. C．It has been used by over half of the global population. D．Its daily usage is expected to decline by 2022. 38．Based on the passage, which of the following is 6G expected to achieve rather than 5G? A．Enabling millions of devices to connect at the same time. B．Downloading a full-length movie in a matter of seconds. C．Establishing the foundation for a fully connected world. D．Providing more stable connections than previous generations. 五、概要写作 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Can Automated Driving System Make Driving Safer? Last week, I encountered a traffic accident, which was later carried in the newspaper. According to the news report, the driver told local crash investigators she’d been using the Autopilot driver-assist system on her Tesla. It wasn’t until later they learned from the automaker that her hands were off the wheel for 80 seconds before impact. Automated steering is currently available in many vehicles, but does that really contribute to road safety? Supporters of autonomous driving argue that an intelligent system is more reliable than a human. On the one hand, by removing human error from the equation, these vehicles could significantly reduce the number of accidents caused by fatigue or distraction. Autonomous systems are designed to make split-second decisions based on real-time data, potentially improving reaction times and reducing the likelihood of collisions. On the other hand, the integration of autonomous cars into smart city infrastructure could lead to more efficient traffic flow, further reducing the risk of accidents. Despite the promise, the current state of autonomous driving technology is not without its limitations. Autonomous vehicles rely heavily on sensors and cameras to interpret their surroundings. However, these systems can struggle with harsh weather conditions and the complexity of urban road environments. The reliance on technology also raises concerns about potential cyber-attacks, which hackers may launch to create chaos. While the potential benefits of autonomous driving are undeniable, the leap to a fully autonomous future is not without its hurdles. The technology must evolve to handle a broader range of scenarios. There’s still a long way to go. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 抢分01 科技新知与人工智能（热点话题） 热点导读 热点集训 科技新知与人工智能 (Technology Development & AI) 核心内涵 聚焦 AI、大数据、机器人、互联网应用、科技伦理、数字化生活等现代科技发展及其社会影响 考查角度 细节信息提取、新技术原理理解、作者观点态度、科技利弊讨论、词义猜测 备考重点 掌握科技类高频词汇；熟悉说明文结构；辨析科技利弊类观点；提升长难句解读能力 相关词汇 algorithm, automation, facial recognition, ethical dilemma, digital divide (数据鸿沟) 语法填空 介绍丰田 “编织之城”，作为 AI 与机器人测试基地，阐述其规划、技术、挑战与未来发展。 选词填空 讲述自动驾驶可减少人为失误与车祸，政府应破除监管障碍，推动无人驾驶普及。 完形填空 介绍新型活性包装技术，通过智能标签与气体调控延长食品保鲜，减少浪费。 阅读理解 回顾电话、互联网、邮件与 5G 的通信变革，展望 6G 将构建全互联世界框架。 概要写作 讨论自动驾驶的安全性，支持者认为可降事故提效率，反对者指出技术局限与网络风险。 一、语法填空 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Toyota opens $10B “Woven City” in Japan to Test Life with Robots and AI Toyota has formally launched the first phase of 1 Woven City, a $10 billion “test course for mobility” built at the foot of Mt. Fuji. Intent & Function: A Living Lab for Future Tech Toyota positions Woven City not as a typical smart city, but as a living laboratory to test 2 (integrate) systems of mobility, infrastructure, energy, computation, and daily life. The aim is to gather real-world data and evidence to validate technologies before 3 (broad) deployment. Technologies under active testing include autonomous vehicles, robotics, indoor air systems that minimize pollen, and an autonomous robot capable of transporting vehicles between designated spots using lidar and camera systems. Scale, Timeline & Partners The Woven City site occupies part of a former Toyota vehicle manufacturing plant. 4 fully complete, the city aims to host up to 2,000 residents. A total of 12 Toyota Group companies, along with seven external firms and a musician, are part of the co-creation ecosystem. In addition to mobility and software firms, collaborators span sectors 5 ______air conditioning, food & beverage, and electronics. Challenges & Forward Path Though heralded as a pioneering step, Woven City faces significant challenges: Scale vs. realism: The first phase is small in population, and technologies tested 6 prove reliability in more complex, larger-scale settings. Technology risk: Systems like autonomous transport, air purification, and smart infrastructure must pass rigorous safety and usability thresholds 7 technology transfer. Integration into broader society: Bridging from controlled test environments to real cities with existing infrastructure 8 (be) a steep transition. Going forward, Toyota intends to expand the co-creation network, scale infrastructure, increase the resident base, and gradually introduce public access. Toyota’s move to bring Woven City alive is a tangible marker in the 9 (evolve) landscape of mobility, infrastructure, and urban living. Whether it succeeds as a scalable blueprint for future cities will rest on 10 these experiments translate into everyday systems and whether the lessons learned here can be exported beyond their controlled environment. 【答案】 1．its 2．integrated 3．broader 4．When 5．such as 6．must 7．before 8．will be 9．evolving 10．how 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了丰田公司在日本富士山脚下启动的“编织之城”第一阶段项目，包括项目定位、测试技术、规模合作、面临挑战及未来规划等内容。 1．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：丰田公司已正式启动其“编织之城”的第一阶段，这是一个耗资100亿美元、建在富士山脚下的“移动测试场”。空格后Woven City为专有名词，指代丰田旗下的项目，需用形容词性物主代词体现从属关系，结合主语Toyota，此处用its表示“它的”。故填its。 2．考查形容词。句意：丰田将“编织之城”定位为并非典型的智慧城市，而是一个生活实验室，用于测试交通、基础设施、能源、计算和日常生活的综合系统。空格后为名词systems，需用形容词作定语修饰，integrate的形容词形式为integrated，意为“综合的、集成的”，贴合“多领域系统”的语境。故填integrated。 3．考查副词。句意：其目的是收集真实世界的数据和证据，以便在更广泛部署前验证技术的有效性。空格后为名词deployment（部署），需用形容词作定语，结合before可知，此处指在更广泛的部署之前，broad的比较级broader符合题意。故填broader。 4．考查连词。句意：当这座城市完全建成后，预计将容纳多达2000名居民。分析句子结构，fully complete为形容词短语，逻辑主语为the city，此处需用连词引导时间状语从句（省略主语和be动词），when表示“当……时”，能够顺畅衔接“建成”与“容纳居民”的时间关系。故填When。 5．考查介词。句意：除了交通和软件公司外，合作方还涵盖空调、食品饮料和电子等行业。空格后列举了多个行业领域，此处需用介词表示“例如”，介词短语such as符合题意。故填such as。 6．考查情态动词。句意：规模与现实的平衡：第一阶段的人口规模较小，所测试的技术必须在更复杂、更大规模的环境中证明其可靠性。结合前文“第一阶段规模有限”的背景，此处强调技术在更复杂场景中证明可靠性的必要性，must“必须”能够体现这种强制性要求，符合挑战分析的语境。故填must。 7．考查连词。句意：技术风险：自动驾驶、空气净化和智能基础设施等系统在技术转让前，必须通过严格的安全和可用性门槛。根据逻辑，“通过安全和可用性测试”是“技术转让”的前提条件，before表示“在……之前”，能够准确衔接两个动作的先后顺序。故填before。 8．考查时态。句意：与更广泛社会的融合：从受控测试环境过渡到拥有现有基础设施的真实城市，将是一个艰巨的转变。句子主语为动名词短语Bridging from...to...，动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，结合语境可知，“转变”还未发生，应用一般将来时。故填will be。 9．考查形容词。句意：丰田让“编织之城”落地的举措，是交通、基础设施和城市生活不断演变格局中的一个切实标志。空格后为名词landscape（格局、形势），需用形容词作定语修饰，evolve的形容词形式为evolving，意为“不断演变的”，贴合“城市发展格局持续变化”的语境。故填evolving。 10．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：它能否成为未来城市可推广的蓝图，将取决于这些实验如何转化为日常系统，以及在这里学到的经验教训能否推广到其受控环境之外。空格引导宾语从句，作rest on（取决于）的宾语，从句中translate为不及物动词，结合语义“实验转化为日常系统的方式”，how表示“如何、怎样”，能够准确体现“转化方式”这一核心含义，与后文whether从句并列。故填how。 二、选词填空 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．piloted         B．precisely    C． barriers     D．fault    E. misjudge F. life-threatening   G. transition   H. priorities    I. tempted  J. posed   K. undeniably Your robot driver is on its way Driving has many downsides: There’s pollution, traffic, finding a place to park. But worst of all are the crashes. In 2023, an estimated 40,990 people were killed in car crashes in the United States. Reducing traffic crashes should be among the nation’s highest 11 . Behind each one lie many human errors. People get behind the wheel when they are drunk or sleepy, and they text or talk on their phones instead of paying attention to the road. Or they simply 12 road conditions. Enormous work has gone into reducing these human errors. But data from Waymo, Alphabet’s self-driving car unit, suggests that a better strategy might be to take the driver out of the picture and let vehicles be 13 by machines that will never get distracted or drunk, or be 14 to break traffic laws because they’re running late. Waymo robotaxis have logged 33 million miles and the company’s figures show that Waymo robotaxi vehicles deliver 15 better safety performance. Compared with cars driven by humans, Waymo vehicles have been involved in 62 percent fewer police-reported crashes and 78 percent fewer crashes that resulted in injury. Timothy B．Lee, author of the Understanding AI newsletter, pointed out the crashes “were mostly low-speed collisions (碰撞)” that 16 no serious safety risk. “A large majority appeared to be the 17 of the other driver,” Lee said. It’s too early to know how much self-driving cars could reduce 18 crashes. But it’s reasonable to hope that Waymo will prove safer than human drivers. Governments at all levels should be rushing to knock down regulatory 19 that stand in the way of faster adoption of driverless cars while also ensuring that the companies meet the highest standards for safety and accountability. In early January, the Autonomous Vehicle Industry Association released a proposed policy framework that aims to speed the 20 . The association also calls for a national safety database to provide a better view of crash incidents involving self-driving cars. 【答案】 11．H 12．E 13．A 14．I 15．K 16．J 17．D 18．F 19．C 20．G 【导语】本文是新闻报道。主要围绕自动驾驶汽车的发展、优势以及其对减少交通事故的潜在影响进行了阐述。 11．考查名词。句意：减少交通事故应该是国家的首要任务之一。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作表语，根据句意，应是priority意为“重点”符合语境，根据among可知，用复数形式。故选H项。 12．考查动词。句意：或者他们只是误判了路况。本句缺少谓语动词，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，应是misjudge意为“误判”符合语境，描述客观状态，用一般现在时。故选E项。 13．考查动词。句意：但Alphabet旗下自动驾驶汽车部门Waymo的数据表明，更好的策略可能是将驾驶员排除在外，让机器驾驶车辆，这些机器永远不会分心或醉酒，也不会因为迟到而违反交通法规。根据句意，此处应是pilot意为“驾驶”符合语境，根据空后的by可知，需用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处应填过去分词形式。故选A项。 14．考查动词。句意：但Alphabet旗下自动驾驶汽车部门Waymo的数据表明，更好的策略可能是将驾驶员排除在外，让机器驾驶车辆，这些机器永远不会分心或醉酒，也不会因为迟到而违反交通法规。根据句意，应是tempt意为“引诱”符合语境，和主语vehicles之间是被动关系，用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处应填过去分词形式。故选I项。 15．考查副词。句意：Waymo无人驾驶出租车已经行驶了3300万英里，该公司的数据显示，Waymo无人驾驶出租车的安全性能无可否认更好。空处修饰空后的形容词，所以用副词修饰，根据句意，应是undeniably意为“不可否认地”符合语境。故选K项。 16．考查动词。句意：《理解人工智能》通讯的作者Timothy B. Lee指出，这些碰撞“大多是低速碰撞”，不会构成严重的安全风险。本句是that引导的定语从句，从句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，应是pose意为“造成(威胁、问题等)”符合语境，根据were可知，用一般过去时。故选J项。 17．考查名词。句意：“大部分事故似乎是另一位司机的过错，”Lee说。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作表语，根据句意，应是fault意为“过错”符合语境。故选D项。 18．考查形容词。句意：现在就知道自动驾驶汽车能在多大程度上减少危及生命的车祸还为时过早。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应是life-threatening意为“威胁着生命的”符合语境。故选F项。 19．考查名词。句意：各级政府应尽快消除阻碍无人驾驶汽车更快普及的监管障碍，同时确保这些公司在安全和问责方面达到最高标准。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是barrier意为“障碍”符合语境，为可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故选C项。 20．考查名词。句意：今年1月初，自动驾驶汽车行业协会（Autonomous Vehicle Industry Association）发布了一份旨在加速过渡的拟议政策框架。空前是定冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据句意，应是transition意为“过渡”符合语境。故选G项。 三、完形填空 Unwrapping your shopping to find you have bought moldy bread, rotten fruit and sour milk could soon become a thing of the past, thanks to the range of emerging active packaging’ technologies. While traditional packaging simply 21 barrier that protects food, active packaging can do a lot more. Some materials interact with the product to 22 it in some way, or provide better information on the state it is in. 23 , they may absorb oxygen inside a wrapper to help prevent food spoilage or show whether potentially dangerous foods like red meat and chicken have been stored at unsafe temperatures. One of the new breeds of packaging technologies that has just gone on the market in France is a “time temperature indicator”. Stores where the product has already been introduced report that far fewer consumers are returning 24 food. The indicator is basically a label that 25 the temperature a package has been kept at and for how long. The label has a dark ring around a lighter circle. The central ring contains a chemical which polymerizes (聚合), changing color as it does so from clear to 26 .If the package stays cool, the reaction is slow, but increasing the temperature speeds up the polymerization. When the inner circle darkens, it means the product is no longer 27 fresh. Smart packaging can also control the 28 inside a container. For instance, the make-up of oxygen and carbon dioxide within packaged vegetables will influence their freshness. This can be 29 to control in a sealed package, since vegetables consume more oxygen and give off more carbon dioxide as the package gets warmer. A firm in California is trying to solve the problem with a wrapper it calls “Intelimer”, which changes its permeability (渗透性) as the temperature changes in a way that keeps different products at their best O2/CO2 30 . Decay can also be 31 by controlling the environment inside a package with an “oxygen scavenger (清除剂)”. 32 , this is achieved by placing a small bag filled with iron powder in the package — any oxygen in the package is consumed by the iron as it oxidizes. However, consumers don’t 33 finding small bags marked “Don’t eat” in their food, so a company in New Jersey is making a wrap that itself consumes oxygen. The material includes an inner layer of an oxidizable polymer that 34 oxygen in the same way as iron. It is predicted that between 20 and 40 percent of all food packaging will soon be 35 . 21．A．acts as B．belongs to C．deals with D．relies on 22．A．change B．improve C．isolate D．promote 23．A．Even so B．For instance C．In consequence D．What’s more 24．A．broken B．inadequate C．spoilt D．unnecessary 25．A．forecasts B．lowers C．maintains D．tracks 26．A．neutral B．blocked C．dark D．unclear 27．A．guaranteed B．observed C．purchased D．required 28．A．atmosphere B．effectiveness C．temperature D．hygiene 29．A．possible B．hard C．quick D．convenient 30．A．components B．concentrations C．regulations D．implements 31．A．taken on B．wiped out C．turned away D．slowed down 32．A．Theoretically B．Luckily C．Surprisingly D．Currently 33．A．avoid B．mind C．like D．consider 34．A．creates B．maintains C．kills D．traps 35．A．friendly B．appealing C．active D．flexible 【答案】 21．A 22．B 23．B 24．C 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．A 29．B 30．B 31．D 32．D 33．C 34．D 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了活性包装技术如何通过智能化手段解决传统食品保鲜难题。 21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：传统包装仅仅充当一个屏障来保护食物，而活性包装可以做更多。A. acts as充当；B. belongs to属于；C. deals with处理；D. relies on依赖。根据后文“barrier that protects food”可知，此处指的是传统包装的作用，即“充当”屏障。故选A项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些材料会与产品反应，以某种方式改善它，或者提供更好的状态信息。A. change改变；B. improve提升，改善；C. isolate隔离；D. promote促进。根据后文“or provide better information on the state it is in”可知，一些材料提供更好的状态信息，应该会改善产品。故选B项。 23．考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，它们可以吸收包装内的氧气，以帮助防止食物变质，或者显示像红肉和鸡肉这样的潜在危险食物是否在不安全的温度下储存。A. Even so即使如此；B. For instance例如；C. In consequence因此；D. What’s more而且。前文概括性描述后需举例说明，For instance引出具体功能。故选B项。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：已采用该产品的商店报告称，消费者退货变质食品的情况大幅减少。A. broken破损的；B. inadequate不足的；C. spoilt变质的；D. unnecessary不必要的。根据前文“far fewer consumers are returning”可知，消费者退货肯定是因为食品变质。故选C项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该标签追踪包装所保持的温度以及持续时间。A. forecasts预测；B. lowers降低；C. maintains维持；D. tracks追踪。根据后文“the temperature a package has been kept at and for how long”可知，此处指的是标签记录（追踪）温度和时间。故选D项。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中心环内有一种化学物质，这种物质会发生聚合反应，同时颜色也会随之变化，从透明变为深色。A. neutral中性的；B. blocked堵塞的；C. dark深色的；D. unclear模糊的。根据下文的“When the inner circle darkens”可知，发生反应时，中心环的颜色会从透明变为深色。故选C项。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当内环变深色，意味着产品不再保证新鲜。A. guaranteed保证；B. observed观察；C. purchased购买；D. required要求。根据前文的“speeds up the polymerization”可知，此处指的是产品不再保证新鲜。故选A项。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：智能包装还能控制容器内的气体环境。A. atmosphere气体环境；B. effectiveness效果；C. temperature温度；D. hygiene卫生。后文的“the make-up of oxygen and carbon dioxide within packaged vegetables”明确指气体成分。故选A项。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在密封包装中控制这一点很困难。A. possible可能的；B. hard困难的；C. quick快速的；D. convenient方便的。根据后文的“since vegetables consume more oxygen and give off more carbon dioxide as the package gets warmer”可知，此处指的是在密封包装中很难控制。故选B项。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一家位于加利福尼亚的公司正在尝试用一种名为“Intelimer”的包装来解决这个问题，该包装会随着温度的变化改变其渗透性，以保持不同产品在其最佳的O2/CO2浓度。A. components组成部分；B. concentrations浓度；C. regulations规定；D. implements实施。根据前文“O2/CO2”可知，此处指的是浓度，且“keep at their best”需量化控制。故选B项。 31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过使用“氧气吸收剂”来控制包裹内的环境，也可以减缓物品的腐烂速度。A. taken on承担；B. wiped out消灭；C. turned away拒绝；D. slowed down减缓。后文“oxygen scavenger”技术目的为延缓氧化，“slow down”准确描述过程延缓。故选D项。 32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：目前，这是通过在包装中放置一个小袋子，里面装有铁粉来实现的——包装中的任何氧气都会被铁氧化时消耗掉。A. Theoretically理论上；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Surprisingly惊人地；D. Currently当前。后文“so a company in New Jersey is making a wrap that itself consumes oxygen”说明铁粉袋是现有方案，Currently表时间状态。故选D项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但消费者不喜欢在食品中发现标有“勿食”的小袋子。A. avoid避免；B. mind介意；C. like喜欢；D. consider考虑。根据转折副词“however”和“consumers don’t”可知，此处指的是消费者的负面体验，“don’t like”符合语境。故选C项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：该材料包含一个可氧化的聚合物内层，以与铁相同的方式捕获氧气。A. creates创造；B. maintains维持；C. kills杀死；D. traps捕获。根据前文的“consumes oxygen”可知，此处指的是捕获氧气。故选D项。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：预计20% — 40%的食品包装将很快变为活性包装。A. friendly友好的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. active活性的；D. flexible灵活的。结合语境，以及全文核心话题为“active packaging”，词汇复现，可推知此处指活性包装。故选C项。 四、阅读理解 The Role of Technology in the Evolution of Communication For as long as humans have been on this planet, we have invented various forms of communication — from smoke signals and messenger pigeons to telephones and email — these forms have constantly changed the way we interact with each other. ◎The Telephone In 1849, the telephone was invented and within 50 years it was an essential item for homes and offices, but wired connections affected the flexibility and privacy of the device. Then, came the mobile phone. In 1973, Motorola created a mobile phone which kick-started a chain of developments that transformed the communication landscape forever. Early smartphones were primarily aimed at the enterprise market, bridging the gap between telephones and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), but they were bulky and had short battery life. By 1996, Nokia launched phones with QWERTY keyboards. By 2010, the majority of Android phones were touchscreen-only. In 2007, Steve Jobs introduced the first iPhone to the world, and Apple paved the way for the aesthetic design of modern smartphones. Before the iPhone emerged, “flip phones” and phones with split keyboards and screens were the norm. A year later, a central application store with an initial 500 downloadable “apps” was launched. Currently, there are over 2 million apps available in the Apple App Store. ◎The Internet Since the mid-1990s, the Internet has had a revolutionary impact on communication, including the rise of near-instant communication by e-mail, instant messaging, two-way interactive video calls, discussion forums, blogs, and social networking. The Internet has made communication easier and faster, allowing us to stay in touch with others regardless of time and location. It has accelerated the pace of business and expanded possibilities within the enterprise space. It has allowed people to find their voices and self-expression through social media. The Internet has connected and divided us like nothing before. ◎E-mail As a byproduct of the World Wide Web, e-mail was introduced to the world in 1991, though it had been in use for many years before that. It has dramatically changed our lives, for better or worse depending on personal perspective. The first users of such messaging platforms were the education system and the military, who used e-mail to exchange information. In 2018, global email users exceeded 3.8 billion, a number that exceeds half of the world’s population. By 2022, it’s expected that we will be sending 333 billion personal and business emails each day. ◎5G 5G, the 5th-generation mobile network, features much faster data upload and download speeds, wider coverage, and more stable connections. These advantages bring about significant improvements in communication. Instantaneous communication becomes a reality, and those patchy, annoying video calls have become a thing of the past. 5G’s transmission speed is 100 to 1,000 times the average transmission speed of 4G currently used by smartphones. The Consumer Technology Association points out that at such speeds, a two-hour movie can be downloaded in just 3.6 seconds, compared to 6 minutes on 4G and 26 hours on 3G. 5G’s impact will extend far beyond smartphones, enabling millions of devices to connect simultaneously. Looking ahead, there is already buzz about 6G. Although it is still in basic research and around 15 to 20 years away, it is worth noting from an innovation perspective. 6G will build the framework of the interconnected world we aspire to, where communication speed and consistency will reach unprecedented levels 36．According to the passage, the first iPhone ________. A．was designed primarily for the enterprise market B．was released together with an application store C．set a new standard for smartphone design D．replaced flip phones as the mainstream product immediately 37．Which of the following statements about email is TRUE? A．It was first made available to the public in 1991. B．It was initially developed for commercial purposes. C．It has been used by over half of the global population. D．Its daily usage is expected to decline by 2022. 38．Based on the passage, which of the following is 6G expected to achieve rather than 5G? A．Enabling millions of devices to connect at the same time. B．Downloading a full-length movie in a matter of seconds. C．Establishing the foundation for a fully connected world. D．Providing more stable connections than previous generations. 【答案】36．C 37．C 38．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电话、互联网、电子邮件和5G等技术在通信发展中的作用，以及6G的未来展望。 36．细节理解题。根据◎The Telephone部分第三段中的“In 2007, Steve Jobs introduced the first iPhone to the world, and Apple paved the way for the aesthetic design of modern smartphones.(2007 年，史蒂夫・乔布斯向世界推出了第一部iPhone，苹果公司为现代智能手机的美学设计铺平了道路)”可知，第一部iPhone为现代智能手机的美学设计奠定了基础，树立了新的设计标准。故选C项。 37．细节理解题。根据◎E-mail部分“In 2018, global email users exceeded 3.8 billion, a number that exceeds half of the world’s population.(2018 年，全球电子邮件用户数量突破38亿，这一数字超过了世界总人口的一半)”可知，电子邮件已经被全球超过一半的人口所使用。故选C项。 38．细节理解题。根据◎5G部分最后一段中的“6G will build the framework of the interconnected world we aspire to, where communication speed and consistency will reach unprecedented levels.(6G 将构建我们所渴望的互联世界的框架，其通信速度和稳定性将达到前所未有的水平)”可知，6G有望建立全互联世界的基础，这是5G没有提到的。故选C项。 五、概要写作 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Can Automated Driving System Make Driving Safer? Last week, I encountered a traffic accident, which was later carried in the newspaper. According to the news report, the driver told local crash investigators she’d been using the Autopilot driver-assist system on her Tesla. It wasn’t until later they learned from the automaker that her hands were off the wheel for 80 seconds before impact. Automated steering is currently available in many vehicles, but does that really contribute to road safety? Supporters of autonomous driving argue that an intelligent system is more reliable than a human. On the one hand, by removing human error from the equation, these vehicles could significantly reduce the number of accidents caused by fatigue or distraction. Autonomous systems are designed to make split-second decisions based on real-time data, potentially improving reaction times and reducing the likelihood of collisions. On the other hand, the integration of autonomous cars into smart city infrastructure could lead to more efficient traffic flow, further reducing the risk of accidents. Despite the promise, the current state of autonomous driving technology is not without its limitations. Autonomous vehicles rely heavily on sensors and cameras to interpret their surroundings. However, these systems can struggle with harsh weather conditions and the complexity of urban road environments. The reliance on technology also raises concerns about potential cyber-attacks, which hackers may launch to create chaos. While the potential benefits of autonomous driving are undeniable, the leap to a fully autonomous future is not without its hurdles. The technology must evolve to handle a broader range of scenarios. There’s still a long way to go. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】    Autonomous driving is debated regarding road safety. Supporters claim it reduces human errors and improves traffic efficiency, while critics point out its limitations in harsh weather and vulnerability to cyber-attacks. Despite its potential, the technology still needs further development. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了自动驾驶系统是否能提高道路安全这一争议性话题，分析了支持者和反对者的观点，并指出该技术仍需进一步发展。 【详解】1. 要点摘录   ①Automated steering is currently available in many vehicles, but does that really contribute to road safety?   ②Supporters of autonomous driving argue that an intelligent system is more reliable than a human.   ③On the one hand, by removing human error from the equation, these vehicles could significantly reduce the number of accidents caused by fatigue or distraction.   ④On the other hand, the integration of autonomous cars into smart city infrastructure could lead to more efficient traffic flow, further reducing the risk of accidents. ⑤However, these systems can struggle with harsh weather conditions and the complexity of urban road environments.   ⑥The reliance on technology also raises concerns about potential cyber-attacks. ⑦There’s still a long way to go.   2. 缜密构思   将第①②要点进行重组，引出话题； 将第③④要点进行整合，阐述支持方观点； 将第⑤⑥要点进行整合，阐述反对方观点； 将第⑦要点作为结论。   3. 遣词造句   Autonomous driving is debated regarding road safety. Supporters claim it reduces human errors and improves traffic efficiency, while critics point out its limitations in harsh weather and vulnerability to cyber-attacks. Despite its potential, the technology still needs further development. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Supporters claim it reduces human errors and improves traffic efficiency. (运用了省略that的宾语从句及并列谓语动词reduces和improves)   【高分句型2】 Despite its potential, the technology still needs further development. (运用了介词despite引导的让步状语)   2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $