抢分08 文学艺术与非遗传承（热点话题）（抢分专练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲练测

抢分08 文学艺术与非遗传承（热点话题） 热点导读 热点集训 文学艺术与非遗传承 (Literature, Art & Intangible Cultural Heritage) 核心内涵 涉及中外文学作品、艺术鉴赏、传统工艺、非遗保护、文化传承现状与价值 考查角度 情感理解、深层含义推断、主旨大意、艺术价值判断、细节理解 备考重点 积累艺术与非遗相关表达；把握抒情与评论类文本；提升对文化价值的理解能力 相关词汇 aesthetic value, imaginative, evoke emotion, preserve 语法填空 研究证实观赏艺术原作可减压、缓解疼痛，艺术应纳入公共健康，公众需平等接触。 选词填空 伦敦 V&A 博物馆开放仓库，让观众零距离接触海量藏品，创新博物馆观展体验。 完形填空 介绍劳森伯格与沃霍尔的现代艺术创作，融合流行文化，突破媒介，风格与公众度迥异。 阅读理解 A：《汤姆・索亚历险记》选段，汤姆巧用计谋，把刷栅栏变成美差，让同伴主动代劳。 B：以《福尔摩斯》《了不起的盖茨比》为例，说明配角视角更利于揭示真相与人性。 概要写作 音乐可提升广告效果、塑造品牌、唤起怀旧，但滥用流行乐会破坏艺术价值引发反感。 一、语法填空 Original Masterpieces cure the Body and Soul In an era of exhaustion, the treatment is hanging on a gallery wall. Recently, new studies have shown that seeing original artworks instead of 1 (copy) ones can calm stress and improve health. That art can lift spirits is well known. But that it calms the body is a new idea. In a study by King’s College London, participants looked at masterworks—Van Gogh’s Self-Portrait (自画像) and Gauguin’s The Dream—and 2 (connect) to an electronic sensor at the same time. Half the group saw the originals in the gallery, the other half viewing copies in a lab. The results were clear: going to art galleries is good for you-relieving stress and bodily pain. There’s growing evidence to that opinion. Earlier this summer, a team of Cambridge psychologists conducted a similar project 3 (show) how appreciating artistic beauty helps us escape daily pressure. These experiments follow 4 research published last year. It measured artworks’ benefits to physical and mental health from taking part in creative activities. Nature Magazine’s review of the current science suggests that art can play a role in public health. “ 5 you experience an artwork, you don’t just see it, but you feel it,” says the art historian Katy Hessel. “The best thing we can do is take time with it.” Time, of course, is 6 we are lacking in today’s fast-paced world. But this seems to be key to art’s treating powers. Galleries are quiet, peaceful places, 7 we stop aimless thinking and start really looking. Deeply engaging with a work of art causes “psychological distancing”— seeing the bigger picture. As Katy wrote,“Great art is freeing us, 8 (enable) us to see and take pleasure in what is not ourselves.” These studies provide an alternative 9 visiting doctors when suffering mental and physical problems. However, the British government hasn’t done enough for that. In fact, more 10 be done to ensure that everyone has access to original artworks. Art is vital not only to the economy, but to people’s health. That is science. 二、选词填空 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．access         B．exhibits     C． chapter     D．share     E. randomly     F. encounters      G. delivered     H. transformed     I. thorough     J. primitively     K. novel This London Museum Lets You Order Objects Visitors to museums usually see only a small part of their large collections. But the Victoria and Albert Museum (V & A) in London is trying something new. Last month, the museum introduced a(n) 11 space where visitors can enjoy more of its historically and culturally significant pieces that showcase 5,000 years of human creativity. The museum has 12 a warehouse into a climate-controlled exhibition and research venue called the V&A East Storehouse. There, guests can get an up-close look at over 250,000 objects and 350,000 library books — without any ropes, protective glass or guards separating them from the 13 . Located on the site of the 2012 Summer Olympics, the building is a love letter to objects. The items are arranged 14 on rows of metal shelves, without regard for their geographical origins, time period or medium. By seeing the back of an object, looking inside a dress, or examining the bottom of a pot, visitors can make insightful observations, gaining a(n) 15 understanding of material culture. Such close and direct 16 can reveal details that are often hidden behind glass cases, turning observation into discovery. By giving the public nearly unrestricted 17 to the objects, the manager of the museum hoped that the space would allow visitors to form a closer bond with the collection. More broadly, the storehouse marks a new 18 in the way museums engage with their collections. An estimated 97 percent of museum artifacts (文物) remain in storage at any given time, and the 19 of works on display may decline further as museums keep adding new items — unless they build more exhibition space. If visitors would like to get a closer look at an artifact or even touch it, they can request it be (20) 20 to a special room. Conservationists will meet them there, hand them a pair of purple gloves, and teach them to handle it properly. 三、完形填空 “Modern Art” describes art created from the 1860s to the 1970s, including works by famous artists like Vincent Van Gogh, Paul Cezanne, and Pablo Picasso. This period marked a 21 from traditional art, focusing instead on experimentation and new ideas about materials and techniques.Two 22 figures from this era are Robert Rauschenberg and Andy Warhol. While Warhol became widely famous, Rauschenberg is better known within art circles. Robert Rauschenberg, born in Port Arthur, Texas, in 1925, grew up in a town with little 23 inspiration. Despite his father’s 24 of support for his art, his mother encouraged him. Rauschenberg moved to California in 1944, eager to escape his industrial hometown. 25 , Andy Warhol, born in Pittsburgh in 1928, was close to his mother due to his frequent illnesses. Although he missed much school, this time was crucial for developing his artistic skills. He later attended Carnegie Institute, marking his entry into the art world. Both artists eventually moved to New York, which, by the 1950s, was the new center for avant-garde art. Both Rauschenberg and Warhol shared a brave approach to art, adopting popular culture and 26 traditional ideas about what art could be. Rauschenberg was known for his 27 media works, using unconventional materials like metal, glass, and even found objects like socks and car parts. His 1953 piece, “Automobile Tire Print”, was a groundbreaking work that helped establish his 28 in art history. Warhol, on the other hand, gained fame with his “Campbell’s Soup Can” series. His artwork included everyday items, making art more relatable and 29 . Warhol also created famous portraits of celebrities like Marilyn Monroe and Elvis Presley. His 1964 exhibition of sculpture, featuring imitation supermarket products like Brillo and Heinz, further challenged conventional art forms and 30 his reputation. Both artists extended their 31 beyond traditional media. Rauschenberg cooperated with musicians, dancers, and even scientists, expanding the definition of art. His approach has been described as “the wind blowing through the art world”, constantly innovating. Warhol also 32 music, film, and Performance Art. His multimedia show,“The Exploding Plastic Inevitable”, was notable for its lighting innovations that influenced rock concerts. Despite their 33 careers, their paths differed in terms of public engagement. Warhol 34 publicity, wrote books, and socialized with celebrities, while Rauschenberg preferred to stay out of the limelight. Although Warhol’s work is highly commercial and instantly 35 , Rauschenberg’s contributions remain significant for their originality and impact on Modern Art. 21．A．request B．present C．shift D．warning 22．A．literary B．influential C．official D．local 23．A．sudden B．artistic C．seasonal D．permanent 24．A．level B．means C．lack D．nature 25．A．Similarly B．Unfortunately C．Strangely D．Eventually 26．A．expressing B．challenging C．evaluating D．maintaining 27．A．mixed B．regional C．digital D．free 28．A．claim B．place C．business D．version 29．A．accessible B．luxurious C．traditional D．decorative 30．A．damaged B．restored C．solidified D．assessed 31．A．search B．function C．authority D．creativity 32．A．provided B．explored C．sold D．replaced 33．A．conventional B．successful C．temporary D．independent 34．A．explained B．avoided C．doubted D．sought 35．A．recognizable B．realizable C．effective D．productive 四、阅读理解 A From The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain Tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash and a long-handled brush. He surveyed the fence, and all gladness left him. Thirty yards of board fence nine feet high. Life to him seemed hollow, and existence but a burden. He began to whitewash. Soon he gave up. It was impossible. He sat down, discouraged. He remembered a planned swimming party and wept. The other boys would be free to play while he worked. He took out his worldly wealth and examined it — bits of toys, marbles, and trash; enough to buy maybe half an hour of pure freedom. He put his treasure back. At this dark and hopeless moment, an inspiration burst upon him! Nothing less than a great, magnificent idea. He took up his brush and went to work. Soon Ben Rogers came in sight. He would probably make fun of him, which was exactly what Tom dreaded. “Got to work, hey?” said Ben. Tom wheeled suddenly, painting a masterly stroke. “Why, it’s you, Ben! I wasn’t noticing.” “I’m going swimming, I am. Don’t you wish you could? But of course you’d rather work — wouldn’t you?” Tom examined the boy up and down. “What do you call work?” “Why, isn’t that work?” Tom went on with his whitewashing, and answered carelessly, “Well, maybe it is, and maybe it isn’t. All I know is, it suits Tom Sawyer.” “Oh come, now, you don’t mean to let on that you like it?” The brush continued. “Like it? Well, I don’t see why I oughtn’t to like it. Does a boy get a chance to whitewash a fence every day?” That put the thing in a new light. Ben stopped nibbling his apple. He watched Tom’s artistic sweeps, then, with growing interest, began to wish he could try. Soon, he was bargaining for a turn, offering Tom the core of his apple. And Tom, with reluctance, let him take the brush. 36．What is Tom Sawyer’s initial feeling when he looks at the fence? A．Calm acceptance of his responsibility. B．Eager excitement to start a new project. C．Deep despair and a sense of heavy burden. D．Anger to the one who gave the punishment. 37．What marks the major turning point in this excerpt’s plot? A．Ben Rogers arriving in sight. B．Tom beginning to whitewash. C．Tom weeping about the swimming party. D．Tom having his “great, magnificent idea”. 38．Based on this episode of the novel, Tom is ________. A．a perceptive reader of people B．a hardworking and honest boy C．a lonely and depressed outsider D．an intelligent and charming leader B Some famous novels show that being the side character can give us access to deeper truths and a richer appreciation of the human condition than those too busy propelling the story forward. Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle “He possesses two out of the three qualities necessary for the ideal detective. He has the power of observation and that of deduction. He is only wanting in knowledge.” There is little doubt that Sherlock Holmes is the most famous detective in literature. Arthur Conan Doyle’s stories now exist in over 70 languages, and Holmes is the most portrayed literary character in film and television history. As a detective, Holmes often takes the lead in solving mysteries, but the story is told from the perspective of Dr. John H. Watson, Holmes’s loyal friend and companion. There are many advantages to this. First, Holmes is odd and tends to focus on minor details. Telling a short story from his perspective would make it anything but short. Dr. Watson translates Holmes’s oddity into something less tiring for the reader. On a literary level, having the story told by the companion helps keep the reader in suspense. If we had access to everything Holmes knew, the game would be over before it was happening. By seeing the Victorian world through Watson’s eyes, not only are we provided a picture that non-detectives can comprehend, but we get to enjoy Sherlock’s exciting adventures spoiler-free. The Great Gatsby by E. Scot Fitzgerald “Yet high over the city, our line of yellow windows must have contributed their share of human secrecy to the casual watcher in the darkening streets, and I was him too, looking up and wondering. I was within and without, simultaneously enchanted and repelled by the inexhaustible variety of life.” F. Scott Fitzgerald’s best-known work is a meditation on class in the supposedly egalitarian (平等主义) United States, the excesses of the 1920s, and how horrible it can be when the American Dream comes true. The story is told from the perspective of Nick Carraway, a young man who has moved to Long Island in hopes of becoming a stockbroker and cashing in on the 1920s boom. As the title suggests, the real hero of the story is his mysterious neighbor, Jay Gatsby. The difficulty of the story centers on Gatsby’s attempts to pursue Nick’s married cousin Daisy, his dreams of reliving the past, and his efforts to climb into the upper-class of American society. Nick, who is an unreliable narrator, is present for many of the main events in the story. However, as hinted at in the above quote, he considers himself an observer rather than a driver of those events. This allows us to get an outside view of the situation from somebody who admits he doesn’t entirely fit into the world he’s participating in while still being an intimate companion of those who do. The resulting commentary on the life of the American upper crust (症结) has been debated for a century. 39．If written from the perspective of Sherlock Holmes instead of Dr. John Watson, the book Sherlock Holmes would be ________. A．short and to the point B．incomprehensible and long C．full of spoiler and suspense D．interesting but too professional 40．What can be inferred from The Great Gatsby written by F. Scott Fitzgerald? A．Nick Carraway is not just as observer but a driver of the story events. B．The real mysterious hero behind the title of the novel is Nick Garraway. C．Readers will know more about the American upper class from the perspective of  Jay Gatsby. D．The unreliable narrator prevents the reader from grasping the harms of pursuing the American Dream. 41．Quotes from Sherlock Holmes and The Great Gatsby given below the title respectively in order to ________. A．stick to the traditional pattern of a famous novel B．indicate the side character’s role as the narrator C．remind readers of the theme and plot of the novels D．explain the main character’s neglect of deep truths 42．What’s the message the author of the passage wants to convey through the two books mentioned? A．Classical novels must have quotes that have enduring power among readers. B．Stories told from the most important character’s perspective are still the mainstream. C．Individual, or historical eras can be deeply explored from a unique sideline perspective. D．Side characters in novels are usually dismissed as unimportant and can’t get their name in the title. 五、概要写作 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The role of music in advertising Music is all around us. It’s an accessible and popular art form which accompanies our daily lives, so advertisers spend much time and money securing the right music for an advertisement in order to boost sales. Research suggests that the specific qualities of music as an art form enhance the science of selling. As one researcher puts it, “Music is the catalyst (催化剂) of advertising. It expands pictures and colors words, and often adds a form of energy available through no other source.” Take the visually simple but interesting advertisement for an airline in France, with the soundtrack of Mozart’s Piano Concerto No. 23, for example. It projects greatness and elegance in the hope that viewers will associate those qualities with the airline. My research, which looked at hundreds of viewer comments about the music used in advertising, suggested it was successful. Music is also effective at arousing feelings of nostalgia (怀旧之情). The extent to which music arouses emotional memories in advertisements creates associations with consumers’ past experiences. A good choice of music allows businesses to tap into this nostalgia for commercial benefit. However, the use of popular music in advertising can also develop arguments around the tension between artistic effort and commercialism. Some people believe a work of art shouldn’t be used for the pursuit of profit. The findings of my study showed that consumers sometimes passionately oppose the use of music produced by respected musicians in advertisements, as they believe that doing this destroys its pure artistic value. For example, the use of the Beatles’ song Revolution by one shoe brand was seen by some as using John Lennon’s song word to sell shoes. It made some of its wearers so angry that they refused to buy the products. So advertisers need to be careful. While the right choice of music can attract customers, the wrong choice can create opposition. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 抢分08 文学艺术与非遗传承（热点话题） 热点导读 热点集训 文学艺术与非遗传承 (Literature, Art & Intangible Cultural Heritage) 核心内涵 涉及中外文学作品、艺术鉴赏、传统工艺、非遗保护、文化传承现状与价值 考查角度 情感理解、深层含义推断、主旨大意、艺术价值判断、细节理解 备考重点 积累艺术与非遗相关表达；把握抒情与评论类文本；提升对文化价值的理解能力 相关词汇 aesthetic value, imaginative, evoke emotion, preserve 语法填空 研究证实观赏艺术原作可减压、缓解疼痛，艺术应纳入公共健康，公众需平等接触。 选词填空 伦敦 V&A 博物馆开放仓库，让观众零距离接触海量藏品，创新博物馆观展体验。 完形填空 介绍劳森伯格与沃霍尔的现代艺术创作，融合流行文化，突破媒介，风格与公众度迥异。 阅读理解 A：《汤姆・索亚历险记》选段，汤姆巧用计谋，把刷栅栏变成美差，让同伴主动代劳。 B：以《福尔摩斯》《了不起的盖茨比》为例，说明配角视角更利于揭示真相与人性。 概要写作 音乐可提升广告效果、塑造品牌、唤起怀旧，但滥用流行乐会破坏艺术价值引发反感。 一、语法填空 Original Masterpieces cure the Body and Soul In an era of exhaustion, the treatment is hanging on a gallery wall. Recently, new studies have shown that seeing original artworks instead of 1 (copy) ones can calm stress and improve health. That art can lift spirits is well known. But that it calms the body is a new idea. In a study by King’s College London, participants looked at masterworks—Van Gogh’s Self-Portrait (自画像) and Gauguin’s The Dream—and 2 (connect) to an electronic sensor at the same time. Half the group saw the originals in the gallery, the other half viewing copies in a lab. The results were clear: going to art galleries is good for you-relieving stress and bodily pain. There’s growing evidence to that opinion. Earlier this summer, a team of Cambridge psychologists conducted a similar project 3 (show) how appreciating artistic beauty helps us escape daily pressure. These experiments follow 4 research published last year. It measured artworks’ benefits to physical and mental health from taking part in creative activities. Nature Magazine’s review of the current science suggests that art can play a role in public health. “ 5 you experience an artwork, you don’t just see it, but you feel it,” says the art historian Katy Hessel. “The best thing we can do is take time with it.” Time, of course, is 6 we are lacking in today’s fast-paced world. But this seems to be key to art’s treating powers. Galleries are quiet, peaceful places, 7 we stop aimless thinking and start really looking. Deeply engaging with a work of art causes “psychological distancing”— seeing the bigger picture. As Katy wrote,“Great art is freeing us, 8 (enable) us to see and take pleasure in what is not ourselves.” These studies provide an alternative 9 visiting doctors when suffering mental and physical problems. However, the British government hasn’t done enough for that. In fact, more 10 be done to ensure that everyone has access to original artworks. Art is vital not only to the economy, but to people’s health. That is science. 【答案】 1．copied 2．were connected 3．to show 4．a 5．When/While/As 6．what 7．where 8．enabling 9．to 10．should/ought to 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍一项新研究发现：欣赏艺术原作而非复制品能缓解压力、改善健康状况，多个实验均印证了艺术对身心健康的积极作用，艺术欣赏能带来心理距离感、帮助人们摆脱日常压力，同时文章也指出英国政府应采取更多措施，让每个人都能接触到艺术原作。 1．考查形容词。句意：最近的新研究表明，欣赏艺术原作而非复制品能缓解压力、改善健康状况。此处修饰代词ones（指代artworks），需用形容词作定语；copy的形容词形式copied表示“复制的，仿制的”，符合语境。故填copied。 2．考查动词时态和语态。句意：在伦敦国王学院的一项研究中，参与者观赏梵高的《自画像》、高更的《梦》等名作，同时身上连接着电子传感器。本句描述研究中的动作，与looked为并列谓语，时态用一般过去时；且participants与connect之间是被动关系（被连接传感器），需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数。故填were connected。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年夏初，剑桥大学的一组心理学家开展了一个类似的研究项目，以展示欣赏艺术之美如何帮助我们摆脱日常压力。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表开展研究项目的目的。故填to show。 4．考查冠词/限定词。句意：这些实验是在去年发表的一项研究之后进行的。research此处为可数名词，表泛指“一项研究”，且research以辅音音素开头，可用不定冠词a。故填a。 5．考查连词。句意：艺术史学家凯蒂·赫塞尔说：“当你欣赏一件艺术品时，你不只是用眼睛看，更是用心去感受。”此处引导时间状语从句，表“当……时”，且experience为延续性动词，可用when/while/as，句首首字母大写。故填When/While/As。 6．考查表语从句。句意：当然，在如今这个快节奏的世界里，时间正是我们所缺少的东西。此处引导表语从句，从句中lack in后缺少宾语，且指物，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 7．考查定语从句。句意：美术馆是安静、祥和的地方，在那里我们不再胡思乱想，而是开始真正用心欣赏艺术。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是places，在从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：正如凯蒂所写的：“伟大的艺术让我们获得自由，让我们能看见自身之外的美好，并从中获得乐趣。”此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，enable与Great art之间是主动关系，需用现在分词形式。故填enabling。 9．考查介词。句意：这些研究为人们遭遇身心问题时提供了一种替代看医生的方式。固定搭配an alternative to...表示“……的替代物/替代方式”，为固定用法。故填to。 10．考查情态动词。句意：事实上，政府应该采取更多措施，确保每个人都能接触到艺术原作。此处表“应该、需要”做某事，可用情态动词should或ought to表“应该”，均符合语境。故填should/ought to。 二、选词填空 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．access         B．exhibits     C． chapter     D．share     E. randomly     F. encounters      G. delivered     H. transformed     I. thorough     J. primitively     K. novel This London Museum Lets You Order Objects Visitors to museums usually see only a small part of their large collections. But the Victoria and Albert Museum (V & A) in London is trying something new. Last month, the museum introduced a(n) 11 space where visitors can enjoy more of its historically and culturally significant pieces that showcase 5,000 years of human creativity. The museum has 12 a warehouse into a climate-controlled exhibition and research venue called the V&A East Storehouse. There, guests can get an up-close look at over 250,000 objects and 350,000 library books — without any ropes, protective glass or guards separating them from the 13 . Located on the site of the 2012 Summer Olympics, the building is a love letter to objects. The items are arranged 14 on rows of metal shelves, without regard for their geographical origins, time period or medium. By seeing the back of an object, looking inside a dress, or examining the bottom of a pot, visitors can make insightful observations, gaining a(n) 15 understanding of material culture. Such close and direct 16 can reveal details that are often hidden behind glass cases, turning observation into discovery. By giving the public nearly unrestricted 17 to the objects, the manager of the museum hoped that the space would allow visitors to form a closer bond with the collection. More broadly, the storehouse marks a new 18 in the way museums engage with their collections. An estimated 97 percent of museum artifacts (文物) remain in storage at any given time, and the 19 of works on display may decline further as museums keep adding new items — unless they build more exhibition space. If visitors would like to get a closer look at an artifact or even touch it, they can request it be (20) 20 to a special room. Conservationists will meet them there, hand them a pair of purple gloves, and teach them to handle it properly. 【答案】 11．K 12．H 13．B 14．E 15．I 16．F 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了伦敦维多利亚与艾尔伯特博物馆（V&A）推出的一种新空间，该空间允许游客更近距离地接触和欣赏其大量具有历史和文化意义的藏品，标志着博物馆与藏品互动方式的新篇章。 11．考查形容词。句意：上个月，该博物馆推出了一个新空间，游客可以在这里欣赏到更多具有历史和文化意义的作品，这些作品展示了人类5000年的创造力。空格处修饰名词space，需要一个形容词。novel意为“新颖的”，符合语境，说明这个空间是新的尝试。故选K项。 12．考查动词。句意：该博物馆已将一个仓库改造成一个可控温的展览和研究场所，名为V&A东仓库。空格处为谓语动词，根据“a warehouse into a climate-controlled exhibition and research venue”可知，此处表示“把……变成……”，transformed意为“转变，改造”，符合语境，且此处是现在完成时，用过去分词形式。故选H项。 13．考查名词。句意：在那里，客人可以近距离观赏超过25万件物品和35万册图书馆书籍——没有任何绳索、防护玻璃或警卫将他们与展品隔开。空格处为介词from的宾语，需要一个名词。exhibits意为“展品”，符合语境。故选B项。 14．考查副词。句意：这些物品随机排列在金属架子上，不考虑它们的地理来源、时间段或媒介。空格处修饰动词are arranged，需要一个副词。根据“without regard for their geographical origins, time period or medium.”可知，应为randomly意为“随机地”，符合语境。故选E项。 15．考查形容词。句意：通过观察物品的背面、查看衣服的内部或检查锅的底部，游客可以做出有见地的观察，从而对物质文化有透彻的了解。空格处修饰名词understanding，需要一个形容词。根据“make insightful observations”可知，应填thorough，意为“彻底的，透彻的”，符合语境。故选I项。 16．考查名词。句意：如此近距离和直接的接触可以揭示出常常隐藏在玻璃柜后面的细节，将观察转变为发现。空格处为句子主语，需要一个名词。根据“reveal details”可知应填encounters，意为“接触，遭遇”，符合语境。故选F项。 17．考查名词。句意：通过给予公众几乎不受限制的接触机会，博物馆馆长希望这个空间能让游客与藏品建立更紧密的联系。空格处为动词giving的宾语，需要一个名词。固定搭配access to“使用……的权利；接近……的机会”，符合语境。故选A项。 18．考查名词。句意：更广泛地说，这个仓库标志着博物馆与藏品互动方式的新篇章。空格前有形容词new，需填名词。chapter“篇章；阶段”符合句意。故选C项。 19．考查名词。句意：据估计，在任何时候，博物馆97%的手工艺品都存放在仓库中，而且随着博物馆不断添加新物品，展出的作品比例可能会进一步下降——除非它们建造更多的展览空间。空格处为句子主语，需要一个名词。根据“97 percent”以及“may decline”可知，应填share意为“比例，份额”，符合语境。故选D项。 20．考查动词。句意：如果游客想更仔细地观察一件手工艺品，甚至触摸它，他们可以要求将其送到一个特殊的房间。空格前为be动词，此处需填过去分词构成被动语态。根据“to a special room”可知，应填“递送；运送”，delivered为deliver的过去分词，符合句意。故选G项。 三、完形填空 “Modern Art” describes art created from the 1860s to the 1970s, including works by famous artists like Vincent Van Gogh, Paul Cezanne, and Pablo Picasso. This period marked a 21 from traditional art, focusing instead on experimentation and new ideas about materials and techniques.Two 22 figures from this era are Robert Rauschenberg and Andy Warhol. While Warhol became widely famous, Rauschenberg is better known within art circles. Robert Rauschenberg, born in Port Arthur, Texas, in 1925, grew up in a town with little 23 inspiration. Despite his father’s 24 of support for his art, his mother encouraged him. Rauschenberg moved to California in 1944, eager to escape his industrial hometown. 25 , Andy Warhol, born in Pittsburgh in 1928, was close to his mother due to his frequent illnesses. Although he missed much school, this time was crucial for developing his artistic skills. He later attended Carnegie Institute, marking his entry into the art world. Both artists eventually moved to New York, which, by the 1950s, was the new center for avant-garde art. Both Rauschenberg and Warhol shared a brave approach to art, adopting popular culture and 26 traditional ideas about what art could be. Rauschenberg was known for his 27 media works, using unconventional materials like metal, glass, and even found objects like socks and car parts. His 1953 piece, “Automobile Tire Print”, was a groundbreaking work that helped establish his 28 in art history. Warhol, on the other hand, gained fame with his “Campbell’s Soup Can” series. His artwork included everyday items, making art more relatable and 29 . Warhol also created famous portraits of celebrities like Marilyn Monroe and Elvis Presley. His 1964 exhibition of sculpture, featuring imitation supermarket products like Brillo and Heinz, further challenged conventional art forms and 30 his reputation. Both artists extended their 31 beyond traditional media. Rauschenberg cooperated with musicians, dancers, and even scientists, expanding the definition of art. His approach has been described as “the wind blowing through the art world”, constantly innovating. Warhol also 32 music, film, and Performance Art. His multimedia show,“The Exploding Plastic Inevitable”, was notable for its lighting innovations that influenced rock concerts. Despite their 33 careers, their paths differed in terms of public engagement. Warhol 34 publicity, wrote books, and socialized with celebrities, while Rauschenberg preferred to stay out of the limelight. Although Warhol’s work is highly commercial and instantly 35 , Rauschenberg’s contributions remain significant for their originality and impact on Modern Art. 21．A．request B．present C．shift D．warning 22．A．literary B．influential C．official D．local 23．A．sudden B．artistic C．seasonal D．permanent 24．A．level B．means C．lack D．nature 25．A．Similarly B．Unfortunately C．Strangely D．Eventually 26．A．expressing B．challenging C．evaluating D．maintaining 27．A．mixed B．regional C．digital D．free 28．A．claim B．place C．business D．version 29．A．accessible B．luxurious C．traditional D．decorative 30．A．damaged B．restored C．solidified D．assessed 31．A．search B．function C．authority D．creativity 32．A．provided B．explored C．sold D．replaced 33．A．conventional B．successful C．temporary D．independent 34．A．explained B．avoided C．doubted D．sought 35．A．recognizable B．realizable C．effective D．productive 【答案】 21．C 22．B 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．C 31．D 32．B 33．B 34．D 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍现代艺术，重点讲述两位有影响力的艺术家劳森伯格和沃霍尔，他们突破传统、融合多元创作，风格与公众关注度不同却都影响深远。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个时期标志着从传统艺术的转变，转而聚焦于实验探索，以及关于材料与技法的全新理念。A. request请求；B. present礼物；C. shift转变；D. warning警告。根据后文“from traditional art, focusing instead on experimentation”可知，现代艺术与传统不同，是一种转变。故选C项。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个时代两位有影响力的人物是Robert Rauschenberg和Andy Warhol。A. literary文学的；B. influential有影响力的；C. official官方的；D. local当地的。根据后文“Both Rauschenberg and Warhol shared a brave approach to art, adopting popular culture and 　　　　 traditional ideas about what art could be.”描述两位艺术家的贡献可知，他们是有影响力的人物。故选B项。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Robert Rauschenberg于1925年出生在得克萨斯州的阿瑟港，他成长的小镇几乎没有什么艺术氛围。A. sudden突然的；B. artistic艺术的；C. seasonal季节的；D. permanent永久的。根据后文“escape his industrial hometown”可知，这里指Robert Rauschenberg的家乡缺乏艺术氛围。故选B项。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管父亲缺乏对他艺术的支持，母亲却鼓励他。A. level水平；B. means方式；C. lack缺乏；D. nature本质。根据后文“his mother encouraged him”的转折可知，这里指父亲缺乏对他艺术的支持。故选C项。 25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，1928年出生于匹兹堡的Andy Warhol，因自幼体弱多病，与母亲关系十分亲密。A. Similarly相似地；B. Unfortunately不幸地；C. Strangely奇怪地；D. Eventually最终。根据前文“his mother encouraged him”以及后文“was close to his mother due to his frequent illnesses”可知，此处开始对比两位艺术家的成长，Similarly表示并列比较，符合语境。故选A项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rauschenberg和Warhol都有着大胆的艺术创作手法，他们吸纳流行文化，并挑战了关于艺术本质的传统观念。A. expressing表达；B. challenging挑战；C. evaluating评价；D. maintaining维持。根据前文“brave approach to art”和后文“unconventional materials”和“further challenged conventional art forms”可知，他们挑战传统。故选B项。 27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rauschenberg以他的混合媒介作品闻名，他使用金属、玻璃等非传统材料，甚至利用袜子、汽车零件等拾得物品进行创作。A. mixed混合的；B. regional地区的；C. digital数字的；D. free自由的。根据后文“using unconventional materials like metal, glass, and even found objects like socks and car parts”可知，他是用多种材料混合进行创作的。故选A项。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他1953年的作品《Automobile Tire Print》是一幅具有开创性的作品，帮助他奠定了在艺术史上的地位。A. claim声称；B. place位置，地位；C. business生意；D. version版本。根据前文“groundbreaking work”以及语境可知，这里指该作品奠定了他的地位。故选B项。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的艺术作品融入了日常物品，让艺术变得更贴近生活、也更易理解与接触。A. accessible可接近的，易懂的；B. luxurious奢华的；C. traditional传统的；D. decorative装饰性的。根据前文“everyday items”以及语境可知，因为艺术贴近生活，所以更容易被接受理解。故选A项。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他1964年的雕塑展览展出了模仿超市商品的作品，比如Brillo and Heinz，进一步挑战了传统艺术形式，并巩固了他的声望。A. damaged损害；B. restored恢复；C. solidified巩固；D. assessed评估。根据前文“gained fame”和“further challenged”可知，这里指他的名声更加稳固。故选C项。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两位艺术家都将创造力延伸到了传统媒介之外。A. search寻找；B. function功能；C. authority权威；D. creativity创造力。根据后文“Rauschenberg cooperated with musicians, dancers, and even scientists, expanding the definition of art. His approach has been described as “the wind blowing through the art world”, constantly innovating.”可知，这里指他们在拓展自己的创造力到其他方面。故选D项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Warhol也探索了音乐、电影和行为艺术。A. provided提供；B. explored探索；C. sold卖；D. replaced取代。根据前文“extended their 　　　　 beyond traditional media”和空格前的“also”以及语境可知，这里指Warhol也探索了新领域。故选B项。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们的事业都很成功，但公众参与度不同。A. conventional传统的；B. successful成功的；C. temporary暂时的；D. independent独立的。根据前文“Both Rauschenberg and Warhol shared a brave approach to art, adopting popular culture and 　　　　 traditional ideas about what art could be.”以及描述他们对艺术做出的贡献可知，两位都很有名望，所以事业都成功。故选B项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Warhol追求曝光，写书，与名人交往，而Rauschenberg更喜欢远离聚光灯。A. explained解释；B. avoided避免；C. doubted怀疑；D. sought寻求，追求。根据后文“Rauschenberg preferred to stay out of the limelight”的对比可知，这里指Warhol追求关注度。故选D项。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管Warhol的作品高度商业化且易于辨认，Rauschenberg的贡献仍然具有原创性和对现代艺术的影响。A. recognizable可辨认的；B. realizable可实现的；C. effective有效的；D. productive多产的。根据前文“highly commercial”和大众知名度可知，这里指其作品很容易被认出。故选A项。 四、阅读理解 A From The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain Tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash and a long-handled brush. He surveyed the fence, and all gladness left him. Thirty yards of board fence nine feet high. Life to him seemed hollow, and existence but a burden. He began to whitewash. Soon he gave up. It was impossible. He sat down, discouraged. He remembered a planned swimming party and wept. The other boys would be free to play while he worked. He took out his worldly wealth and examined it — bits of toys, marbles, and trash; enough to buy maybe half an hour of pure freedom. He put his treasure back. At this dark and hopeless moment, an inspiration burst upon him! Nothing less than a great, magnificent idea. He took up his brush and went to work. Soon Ben Rogers came in sight. He would probably make fun of him, which was exactly what Tom dreaded. “Got to work, hey?” said Ben. Tom wheeled suddenly, painting a masterly stroke. “Why, it’s you, Ben! I wasn’t noticing.” “I’m going swimming, I am. Don’t you wish you could? But of course you’d rather work — wouldn’t you?” Tom examined the boy up and down. “What do you call work?” “Why, isn’t that work?” Tom went on with his whitewashing, and answered carelessly, “Well, maybe it is, and maybe it isn’t. All I know is, it suits Tom Sawyer.” “Oh come, now, you don’t mean to let on that you like it?” The brush continued. “Like it? Well, I don’t see why I oughtn’t to like it. Does a boy get a chance to whitewash a fence every day?” That put the thing in a new light. Ben stopped nibbling his apple. He watched Tom’s artistic sweeps, then, with growing interest, began to wish he could try. Soon, he was bargaining for a turn, offering Tom the core of his apple. And Tom, with reluctance, let him take the brush. 36．What is Tom Sawyer’s initial feeling when he looks at the fence? A．Calm acceptance of his responsibility. B．Eager excitement to start a new project. C．Deep despair and a sense of heavy burden. D．Anger to the one who gave the punishment. 37．What marks the major turning point in this excerpt’s plot? A．Ben Rogers arriving in sight. B．Tom beginning to whitewash. C．Tom weeping about the swimming party. D．Tom having his “great, magnificent idea”. 38．Based on this episode of the novel, Tom is ________. A．a perceptive reader of people B．a hardworking and honest boy C．a lonely and depressed outsider D．an intelligent and charming leader 【答案】36．C 37．D 38．A 【导语】本文是是一篇记叙文。文章是马克・吐温《汤姆・索亚历险记》选段，文章讲述了汤姆被迫刷栅栏满心绝望，突生妙计，假意将刷栅栏当作趣事，让本主动替自己干活。 36．细节理解题。根据第一段“He surveyed the fence, and all gladness left him. Thirty yards of board fence nine feet high. Life to him seemed hollow, and existence but a burden.(他审视着那道栅栏，心中所有的喜悦顿时消失殆尽。这是一道长达三十码、高九英尺的木制栅栏。对他而言，生活似乎变得毫无意义，而生存也只是一种沉重的负担)”可知，汤姆看到栅栏时内心充满深深的绝望，还感到沉重的负担。故选C项。 37．细节理解题。根据第四段“At this dark and hopeless moment, an inspiration burst upon him! Nothing less than a great, magnificent idea.(就在这黑暗而绝望的时刻，他突然灵光一闪！这是一个绝妙至极的主意)”且此后汤姆改变心态，用计谋让本主动替自己刷栅栏，可知这个绝妙的主意是情节的重大转折点。故选D项。 38．推理判断题。根据文中汤姆看出本会嘲笑自己，便故意装作刷栅栏是难得的趣事，让本心生羡慕并主动要求替自己干活的情节，尤其是“Does a boy get a chance to whitewash a fence every day?(一个男孩能有机会天天刷栅栏吗？)”这句话，能看出汤姆善于揣摩他人心理。由此推知，汤姆是一个能洞察人心的孩子。故选A项。 B Some famous novels show that being the side character can give us access to deeper truths and a richer appreciation of the human condition than those too busy propelling the story forward. Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle “He possesses two out of the three qualities necessary for the ideal detective. He has the power of observation and that of deduction. He is only wanting in knowledge.” There is little doubt that Sherlock Holmes is the most famous detective in literature. Arthur Conan Doyle’s stories now exist in over 70 languages, and Holmes is the most portrayed literary character in film and television history. As a detective, Holmes often takes the lead in solving mysteries, but the story is told from the perspective of Dr. John H. Watson, Holmes’s loyal friend and companion. There are many advantages to this. First, Holmes is odd and tends to focus on minor details. Telling a short story from his perspective would make it anything but short. Dr. Watson translates Holmes’s oddity into something less tiring for the reader. On a literary level, having the story told by the companion helps keep the reader in suspense. If we had access to everything Holmes knew, the game would be over before it was happening. By seeing the Victorian world through Watson’s eyes, not only are we provided a picture that non-detectives can comprehend, but we get to enjoy Sherlock’s exciting adventures spoiler-free. The Great Gatsby by E. Scot Fitzgerald “Yet high over the city, our line of yellow windows must have contributed their share of human secrecy to the casual watcher in the darkening streets, and I was him too, looking up and wondering. I was within and without, simultaneously enchanted and repelled by the inexhaustible variety of life.” F. Scott Fitzgerald’s best-known work is a meditation on class in the supposedly egalitarian (平等主义) United States, the excesses of the 1920s, and how horrible it can be when the American Dream comes true. The story is told from the perspective of Nick Carraway, a young man who has moved to Long Island in hopes of becoming a stockbroker and cashing in on the 1920s boom. As the title suggests, the real hero of the story is his mysterious neighbor, Jay Gatsby. The difficulty of the story centers on Gatsby’s attempts to pursue Nick’s married cousin Daisy, his dreams of reliving the past, and his efforts to climb into the upper-class of American society. Nick, who is an unreliable narrator, is present for many of the main events in the story. However, as hinted at in the above quote, he considers himself an observer rather than a driver of those events. This allows us to get an outside view of the situation from somebody who admits he doesn’t entirely fit into the world he’s participating in while still being an intimate companion of those who do. The resulting commentary on the life of the American upper crust (症结) has been debated for a century. 39．If written from the perspective of Sherlock Holmes instead of Dr. John Watson, the book Sherlock Holmes would be ________. A．short and to the point B．incomprehensible and long C．full of spoiler and suspense D．interesting but too professional 40．What can be inferred from The Great Gatsby written by F. Scott Fitzgerald? A．Nick Carraway is not just as observer but a driver of the story events. B．The real mysterious hero behind the title of the novel is Nick Garraway. C．Readers will know more about the American upper class from the perspective of  Jay Gatsby. D．The unreliable narrator prevents the reader from grasping the harms of pursuing the American Dream. 41．Quotes from Sherlock Holmes and The Great Gatsby given below the title respectively in order to ________. A．stick to the traditional pattern of a famous novel B．indicate the side character’s role as the narrator C．remind readers of the theme and plot of the novels D．explain the main character’s neglect of deep truths 42．What’s the message the author of the passage wants to convey through the two books mentioned? A．Classical novels must have quotes that have enduring power among readers. B．Stories told from the most important character’s perspective are still the mainstream. C．Individual, or historical eras can be deeply explored from a unique sideline perspective. D．Side characters in novels are usually dismissed as unimportant and can’t get their name in the title. 【答案】39．B 40．A 41．B 42．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨文学作品中配角视角的价值，以《福尔摩斯》和《了不起的盖茨比》为例说明其能揭示更深层的人性真相。 39．推理判断题。根据Sherlock Holmes部分第五段中的“First, Holmes is odd and tends to focus on minor details. Telling a short story from his perspective would make it anything but short. Dr. Watson translates Holmes’s oddity into something less tiring for the reader.(首先，福尔摩斯性格古怪，倾向于关注细节。从他的视角讲述一个短篇故事只会让故事变得冗长。华生医生将福尔摩斯的古怪之处转化为让读者不那么疲惫的内容)”及第六段“If we had access to everything Holmes knew, the game would be over before it was happening.(如果我们能知道福尔摩斯所知的一切，故事的悬念将荡然无存)”可知，若以福尔摩斯为叙事视角，故事可能因细节堆砌而冗长，且缺乏悬念（充满剧透）。故选B项。 40．推理判断题。根据The Great Gatsby部分倒数第二段中的“ Nick, who is an unreliable narrator, is present for many of the main events in the story. However, as hinted at in the above quote, he considers himself an observer rather than a driver of those events.(尼克是一个不可靠的叙述者，在故事中的许多主要事件中都出现了。然而，正如上面引用的暗示，他认为自己是一个观察者，而不是这些事件的驱动者)”可知，Nick Garraway在故事中的很多主要事件中都出现了。结合尾段中的“This allows us to get an outside view of the situation from somebody who admits he doesn’t entirely fit into the world he’s participating in while still being an intimate companion of those who do.(这使我们能够从一个人那里获得对局势的外部视角 —— 这个人承认自己并不完全融入他所参与的世界，但同时仍是那些真正融入其中的人的亲密伙伴)由此推测，他不仅仅是观察者，同时也是故事事件的驱动者。故选A项。 41．细节理解题。根据Sherlock Holmes 部分的第三段中的“As a detective, Holmes often takes the lead in solving mysteries, but the story is told from the perspective of Dr. John H. Watson, Holmes’s loyal friend and companion.(作为一名侦探，福尔摩斯常常在解开谜团的过程中起主导作用，但故事却是从他的忠实朋友兼同伴约翰・H・华生医生的视角来讲述的)”以及The Great Gatsby by E. Scot Fitzgerald部分中的第二段中的“The story is told from the perspective of Nick Carraway, a young man who has moved to Long Island in hopes of becoming a stockbroker and cashing in on the 1920s boom.(这个故事是从尼克・卡拉威的视角来讲述的。他是一个搬到长岛的年轻人，希望成为股票经纪人，并在 20 世纪 20 年代的经济繁荣中获利)”可知，文中引用两段话分别对应配角（华生和尼克）的叙述视角。Sherlock Holmes的引用体现华生对福尔摩斯的观察评价，The Great Gatsby的引用通过尼克的内心独白展现其“既融入又疏离”的旁观者身份，两段引用均旨在表明配角作为叙述者的角色特点。故选B项。 42．主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Some famous novels show that being the side character can give us access to deeper truths and a richer appreciation of the human condition than those too busy propelling the story forward.(一些著名小说表明，相较于那些忙于推动故事发展的主角，作为配角反而能让我们触及更深刻的真相，并对人性有更丰富的认知)”可知，首段点明“配角视角比主角更能揭示深层人性”，随后以两部小说为例，说明通过配角的旁观视角可深入探讨时代背景与人性本质，选项C“从独特的旁观者视角可深入探索个人或历史时代”最能概括作者观点。故选C项。 五、概要写作 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The role of music in advertising Music is all around us. It’s an accessible and popular art form which accompanies our daily lives, so advertisers spend much time and money securing the right music for an advertisement in order to boost sales. Research suggests that the specific qualities of music as an art form enhance the science of selling. As one researcher puts it, “Music is the catalyst (催化剂) of advertising. It expands pictures and colors words, and often adds a form of energy available through no other source.” Take the visually simple but interesting advertisement for an airline in France, with the soundtrack of Mozart’s Piano Concerto No. 23, for example. It projects greatness and elegance in the hope that viewers will associate those qualities with the airline. My research, which looked at hundreds of viewer comments about the music used in advertising, suggested it was successful. Music is also effective at arousing feelings of nostalgia (怀旧之情). The extent to which music arouses emotional memories in advertisements creates associations with consumers’ past experiences. A good choice of music allows businesses to tap into this nostalgia for commercial benefit. However, the use of popular music in advertising can also develop arguments around the tension between artistic effort and commercialism. Some people believe a work of art shouldn’t be used for the pursuit of profit. The findings of my study showed that consumers sometimes passionately oppose the use of music produced by respected musicians in advertisements, as they believe that doing this destroys its pure artistic value. For example, the use of the Beatles’ song Revolution by one shoe brand was seen by some as using John Lennon’s song word to sell shoes. It made some of its wearers so angry that they refused to buy the products. So advertisers need to be careful. While the right choice of music can attract customers, the wrong choice can create opposition. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Advertisers use music in advertisements to boost sales. For one thing, music can create brand associations, projecting the quality of the product. For another, music taps into nostalgia, boosting commercial appeal. However, using cherished songs can cause opposition, as some perceive it as commercial exploitation, harming artistic integrity. Therefore, advertisers must carefully select music to attract customers. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了广告商利用音乐增强品牌形象并唤起消费者怀旧情感，但过度商业化可能引发艺术价值受损的争议，因此需权衡音乐选择以吸引顾客。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①It’s an accessible and popular art form which accompanies our daily lives, so advertisers spend much time and money securing the right music for an advertisement in order to boost sales. ②It projects greatness and elegance in the hope that viewers will associate those qualities with the airline. ③Music is also effective at arousing feelings of nostalgia (怀旧之情). ④A good choice of music allows businesses to tap into this nostalgia for commercial benefit. ⑤However, the use of popular music in advertising can also develop arguments around the tension between artistic effort and commercialism. ⑥The findings of my study showed that consumers sometimes passionately oppose the use of music produced by respected musicians in advertisements, as they believe that doing this destroys its pure artistic value. ⑦So advertisers need to be careful. ⑧While the right choice of music can attract customers, the wrong choice can create opposition. 2. 缜密构思 将第1个要点进行缩略，点明音乐在广告中的作用；将第2个要点进行提炼，说明音乐创造品牌联想；将第3、4两个要点进行整合，说明音乐唤起怀旧情感；将第5、6两个要点进行整合，补充商用音乐的风险及其原因；将第5、6两个要点进行重组，给出谨慎选择音乐的结论。 3. 遣词造句 Advertisers use music to enhance brand image and evoke nostalgia, boosting appeal. However, commercializing revered songs may trigger backlash for exploiting art. Thus, balancing commercial goals with artistic integrity is crucial to avoid alienating consumers. 【点睛】[高分句型1] For another, music taps into nostalgia, boosting commercial appeal. (运用了现在分词boosting…作状语) [高分句型2] However, using cherished songs can cause opposition, as some perceive it as commercial exploitation, harming artistic integrity. (运用了动名词using…作主语、as引导原因状语从句、现在分词harming…作状语) 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $