抢分07：生态环境与绿色出行（热点话题）（抢分专练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲练测

抢分07 生态环境与绿色出行（热点话题） 热点导读 热点集训 生态环境与绿色出行 (Ecology & Environment & Green Travel) 核心内涵 围绕碳中和、低碳生活、垃圾分类、新能源、污染治理、野生动物保护、绿色出行方式 考查角度 环保措施细节、问题原因分析、作者态度、写作目的、推理判断 备考重点 掌握环保主题高频词汇；理解环保倡议与新闻报道；提升问题 — 对策类文本分析能力 相关词汇 carbon footprint, renewable energy, ecosystem, sustainable development 语法填空 独自旅行在青年中流行，可培养独立，但需注意文化安全，带来课堂难及的成长影响。 选词填空 碳标签在旅游行业兴起，帮助计算出行碳足迹，推动低碳旅行与可持续消费。 完形填空 鸟类被迫使用塑料垃圾筑巢，反映人类污染入侵自然，体现其适应力也暴露环境危机。 阅读理解 A：可再生能源价格大跌、增速加快，美国进展显著，储能技术突破保障连续供电。 B：印尼扶贫项目（CCT）意外减缓森林砍伐，穷人不再毁林谋生，实现扶贫与环保双赢。 概要写作 森林碳汇因砍伐与野火加速衰退，危及气候目标，保护、修复与科学管理可挽救碳汇。 一、语法填空 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Transformative Power of Solo Travel Solo travel, considered by many as the ultimate form of self-discovery, has gained immense popularity among young adults in recent years. Unlike group tours 1 everything is arranged, traveling alone pushes individuals out of their comfort zones, forcing them to confront unexpected challenges. Statistics show that the number of solo travelers under 30 2 (increase) by 150% since 2015. What drives this trend? Psychologists suggest that young people, 3 grow up in an increasingly digital world, are pursuing authentic experiences that social media cannot provide. When you're alone in a foreign country and there is no one 4 (depend) on, every decision — from navigating public transportation 5 ordering food in a local dialect — becomes a lesson in independence. However, solo travel isn't without risks. Seasoned travelers recommend researching local customs thoroughly beforehand. In certain Middle Eastern countries, for instance, women who travel alone 6 (expect) to dress modestly to avoid unwanted attention. Failure to 7 (adjustment) to local cultural norms may lead to serious consequences. Ultimately, those who have experienced solo travel often describe it as life-changing and they became 8 (affection) toward traveling alone. The challenges overcome and perspectives gained tend to have 9 considerable effect that no classroom education can match. As travel writer Pico Lyer once remarked, “We travel initially to lose ourselves; we travel next to find ourselves.” Perhaps this explains 10 more young people are choosing to embark on journeys alone, seeking not just destinations, but transformations. 二、选词填空 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．anchor    B．comparing    C． calorie    D．charge   E. operator   F. calculate G. insufficient    H. live     I. plug     J. specializing    K. tailor-made Carbon labelling isn’t new, but it is gaining a lot more traction of late - especially when it comes to travel. Carbon labels should be an easy way of 11 products or services to see which are most sustainable at a glance, by providing a comprehensive, numbered footprint. Increasing numbers of businesses across a variety of sectors are getting onboard with the idea. For example, in the last month alone, exercise tracking app Strava announced a new tool to 12 carbon savings from going for runs, walks, cycles and e-bike rides. But perhaps one of the industries in which the concept could be most complicated is travel. It is one of the most carbon-intensive recreational activities any of us will ever take, and one for which the majority of us have 13 ideas of the impact. If you break it all down,which is really worse: an all-inclusive cruise round the Bahamas? Or a trip to an eco-lodge in Costa Rica that involves a 24-hour round-trip on a plane? As an ordinary individual, it feels like an impossible task to figure out if one holiday is “better”than another. Many a pioneering 14 started doing the hard work of measuring the impact of trips, down to the smallest element, and posting the results on their packages several years ago. Much Better Adventures led the 15 , trailing the idea at the beginning of 2021- the first international travel company to do so. “Do I think it will be everywhere? I do,” Sam Bruce, the business’s co-founder, told me at the time. “It should go beyond travel and they should be on all products that we buy; carbon labels should be the new 16 . In Much Better Adventures’ case, the label includes carbon emissions from all local transport, accommodation, activities, guides, staff and office operations. Pura Aventura, 17 in holidays to Latin America, Spain and Portugal, wasn’t far behind, though with a different slant.” The complexity we have is that all our trips are 18 -so we can’t say we’ve got 50 trips and let’s measure the carbon of each one,“said co-founder and CEO Thomas Power.” Every trip is different. You need a 19 tool — so we built it into our database.“ The company doesn’t just measure the trip itself, but includes the travel to get there, door-to-door: ”We want to know where you live, where the airport is, which flight you’re taking,“says Thomas.”We can 20 into the database your postcode, Gatwick airport, your short-haul flight-and then the carbon factor calculates the journey and the amount of carbon produced. 三、完形填空 I Love Finding Birds’ Nests, but What’s in Them Troubles Me Most birds go to great lengths to hide their nests. So when I find one, so carefully crafted, I’m filled with awe. They are 21 of the natural world. The weave of grass, leaves and other natural materials is 22 to each species. Most birds use nests only to raise their young. For small birds, this could be less than one month out of the year. For that reason, I generally don’t consider them homes. But the analogy (类比) is suitable, if only to convey the uniqueness of their 23 . Of a house, you might say: That’s a craftsman or a Cape Cod style. The same sort of design 24 can be seen in a nest. That’s a robin’s nest or a red-tailed hawk’s. Birds can be choosy about the materials they use to build their nest. Some line their nests with snakeskin to 25 enemies. Others stuff feathers inside dome-shaped nests of sticks or create 26 entrances to trick predators or add aromatic leaves to repel parasites. Increasingly, and 27 for what it says about the state of the planet, birds are also using all sorts of plastic litter and other trash to build their nests. The scene reflects yet another way the human 28 has affixed itself on the natural world. Among the trash that birds use to build their nests are wrappers from candy, cigarettes, plastic cotton and shipping material. 29 as this may be, it’s also a sign of talent. Birds, which evolved from small dinosaurs, are 30 the human dominated world they inhabit. Take a northern mockingbird nest for example. Plastic materials include green plastic netting, white nylon string, white plastic cotton filling as well as fragments of rags. Natural materials include pine needles and natural fibers. Do these materials attract 31 attention from predators? Or entangle nestlings? We don’t fully know what impact all this trash is having on birds. There may be benefits to some of the rubbish they add. Plastics may strengthen nests. 32 , nestlings may eat some of the plastic or other trash, resulting in sickness. Let’s take a look at a gray catbird nest. It’s amazing that birds recognize and match the 33 of plastic and other trash materials to natural ones. I’ve seen shreds of tarp replace grass to suspend nests from branches and plastic cotton used instead of plant fibers to insulate eggs. Yes, it is 34 for what this says about the world we humans have made. But I still find wonder in the stories these nests tell about the lives and circumstances of their architects and the 35 choices they made in assembling the place where they will raise their offspring. 21．A．disasters B．marvels C．guardians D．explorations 22．A．accessible B．specific C．subject D．strange 23．A．creativity B．flight C．architecture D．operation 24．A．similarity B．confusion C．disorder D．distinction 25．A．fight against B．shelter from C．duck behind D．scare off 26．A．false B．real C．wide D．narrow 27．A．excitingly B．troublingly C．indifferently D．calmly 28．A．signature B．masterpiece C．fascination D．resolution 29．A．Helpless B．Overwhelmed C．Distressing D．Refreshing 30．A．escaping from B．adjusting to C．taking no notice of D．agreeing with 31．A．unwanted B．intentional C．undivided D．undue 32．A．Therefore B．On the other hand C．In addition D．For example 33．A．properties B．fabrics C．sizes D．shapes 34．A．soul-stirring B．awe-inspiring C．heartbreaking D．eye-catching 35．A．random B．wise C．hasty D．careless 四、阅读理解 A While fossil fuels — coal, oil, gas — still generate roughly 85 percent of the world’s energy supply, it’s clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world: they now account for more than half of new power sources going on line. Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of renewables, especially wind and solar. The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years. In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source. In Scotland, for example, wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes. While the rest of the world takes the lead, notably China and Europe, the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift. In March, for the first time, wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US, reported the US Energy Information Administration. President Trump has underlined fossil fuels — especially coal — as the path to economic growth. In a recent speech in Iowa, he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source. But that message did not play well with many in Iowa — where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the state’s electricity generation — and where tech giants such as Facebook, Microsoft, and Google are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers. The question “what happens when the wind doesn’t blow or the sun doesn’t shine?” has provided a quick put-down for skeptics. But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely. The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers, who are placing big bets on battery-powered electric vehicles. Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now, this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years. While there’s a long way to go, the train lines for renewables are spiking. The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up — perhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in slowing climate change. What Washington does, or doesn’t do — to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought. 36．According to Paragraph 3, the use of renewable energy in America ______. A．is progressing notably B．is as extensive as in Europe C．faces many challenges D．has proved to be impractical 37．It can be learned that in Iowa, ______. A．there is a shortage of clean energy supply B．wind energy has replaced fossil fuels C．tech giants are investing in clean energy D．wind is a widely used energy source 38．Which of the following is true about clean energy according to paragraphs 5 & 6? A．Its application has helped boost battery storage. B．It is commonly used in car manufacturing. C．Its continuous supply might become a reality. D．Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult. 39．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy ______. A．will bring the US closer to other countries B．will accelerate global environmental change C．is not really encouraged by the US government D．is not competitive enough with regard to its cost B Last year marked the third year in a row that Indonesia’s bleak rate of deforestation has slowed in pace. One reason for the turnaround may be the country’s antipoverty program. In 2007, Indonesia started phasing in a program that gives money to its poorest residents under certain conditions, such as requiring people to keep kids in school or get regular medical care. 40 They’re already used in dozens of countries worldwide. In Indonesia, the program has provided enough food and medicine to substantially reduce severe growth problems among children. But CCT programs don’t generally consider effects on the environment. In fact, poverty alleviation and environmental protection are often viewed as conflicting goals, says Paul Ferraro, an economist at Johns Hopkins University. That’s because economic growth can be correlated with environmental degradation, while protecting the environment is sometimes correlated with greater poverty. 41 Ferraro wanted to see if Indonesia’s poverty-alleviation program was easing deforestation. Indonesia has the third-largest area of tropical forest in the world and one of the highest deforestation rates. Ferraro analyzed satellite data showing annual forest loss from 2008 to 2012 — including during Indonesia’s phase-in of the antipoverty program — in 7,468 forested villages across 15 provinces. 42 That’s likely because the rural poor are using the money as makeshift insurance policies against inclement weather, Ferraro says. Typically, if rains are delayed, people may clear land to plant more rice to supplement their harvests. With the CCTs, individuals instead can use the money to supplement their harvests. Whether this research translates elsewhere is anybody’s guess. 43 And regardless of transferability, the study shows that what’s good for people may also be good for the environment. A．Ferraro suggests the results may transfer to other parts of Asia, due to commonalities such as the importance of growing rice and market access. B．Called conditional cash transfers or CCTs, these social assistance programs are designed to reduce inequality and break the cycle of poverty. C．“We see that the program is associated with a 30 percent reduction in deforestation,” Ferraro says. D．Ferraro says, “the value of the avoided deforestation just for carbon dioxide emissions alone is more than the program costs.” E．A previous study, based on an area in Mexico that had instituted CCTs, supported this traditional view. F．Such programs do not have to negatively affect the environment though. 五、概要写作 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Save the Sink There are portents (凶兆) of a longer-term and faster decline of the land carbon sink. For instance, the global forest carbon sink has steadily declined since 2001, mainly due to deforestation. In 2023 and 2024, wildfires further reduced the forest sink to its lowest point in two decades, fuelling feedback cycles that accelerate climate change. “We’re seeing this happening right before our eyes and faster than we thought it would,” says Rose. If the land carbon sink does vanish in the not-so-distant future, the consequences for climate action would be profound. Most countries depend on their sinks to meet emissions promises under the Paris Agreement that aims to keep long-term global warming to a 1.5℃ threshold. So, losing the sinks earlier than expected would mean emissions have to decline more rapidly elsewhere. In Europe, for instance, a sudden decline in the forest carbon sink over the past few years — a perfect storm of overharvesting in the aftermath of drought, heat and insect outbreaks — has put the bloc far off track to meet its 2030 emissions targets. The good news is that there are effective ways to save the sink, or slow down its death. A climate ecologist says the most important steps are to protect, restore and manage ecosystems, in that order. If existing forests were left to grow undisturbed, a maximum potential uptake of 228 billion tonnes of carbon as they reach full maturity over decades — equivalent to about a third of our cumulative carbon emissions to date. Another 87 billion tonnes could be captured by restoring forests in places where they once grew. Beyond this, better management of ecosystems could enhance the land carbon sink by several billion tonnes each year. This involves avoiding monster wildfires by conducting prescribed burns, rolling out climate-friendly farming practices like cover cropping, and more sustainable harvesting of trees. If we want to hold onto the unexpected gift of a land carbon sink then we must stop “removing the allies that we have”, says Zohner — and try to keep growth ahead of death just a little bit longer. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 抢分07 生态环境与绿色出行（热点话题） 热点导读 热点集训 生态环境与绿色出行 (Ecology & Environment & Green Travel) 核心内涵 围绕碳中和、低碳生活、垃圾分类、新能源、污染治理、野生动物保护、绿色出行方式 考查角度 环保措施细节、问题原因分析、作者态度、写作目的、推理判断 备考重点 掌握环保主题高频词汇；理解环保倡议与新闻报道；提升问题 — 对策类文本分析能力 相关词汇 carbon footprint, renewable energy, ecosystem, sustainable development 语法填空 独自旅行在青年中流行，可培养独立，但需注意文化安全，带来课堂难及的成长影响。 选词填空 碳标签在旅游行业兴起，帮助计算出行碳足迹，推动低碳旅行与可持续消费。 完形填空 鸟类被迫使用塑料垃圾筑巢，反映人类污染入侵自然，体现其适应力也暴露环境危机。 阅读理解 A：可再生能源价格大跌、增速加快，美国进展显著，储能技术突破保障连续供电。 B：印尼扶贫项目（CCT）意外减缓森林砍伐，穷人不再毁林谋生，实现扶贫与环保双赢。 概要写作 森林碳汇因砍伐与野火加速衰退，危及气候目标，保护、修复与科学管理可挽救碳汇。 一、语法填空 Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Transformative Power of Solo Travel Solo travel, considered by many as the ultimate form of self-discovery, has gained immense popularity among young adults in recent years. Unlike group tours 1 everything is arranged, traveling alone pushes individuals out of their comfort zones, forcing them to confront unexpected challenges. Statistics show that the number of solo travelers under 30 2 (increase) by 150% since 2015. What drives this trend? Psychologists suggest that young people, 3 grow up in an increasingly digital world, are pursuing authentic experiences that social media cannot provide. When you're alone in a foreign country and there is no one 4 (depend) on, every decision — from navigating public transportation 5 ordering food in a local dialect — becomes a lesson in independence. However, solo travel isn't without risks. Seasoned travelers recommend researching local customs thoroughly beforehand. In certain Middle Eastern countries, for instance, women who travel alone 6 (expect) to dress modestly to avoid unwanted attention. Failure to 7 (adjustment) to local cultural norms may lead to serious consequences. Ultimately, those who have experienced solo travel often describe it as life-changing and they became 8 (affection) toward traveling alone. The challenges overcome and perspectives gained tend to have 9 considerable effect that no classroom education can match. As travel writer Pico Lyer once remarked, “We travel initially to lose ourselves; we travel next to find ourselves.” Perhaps this explains 10 more young people are choosing to embark on journeys alone, seeking not just destinations, but transformations. 【答案】 1．where 2．has increased 3．who 4．to depend 5．to 6．are expected 7．adjust 8．affectionate 9．a 10．why/that 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了独自旅行在年轻人中日益流行的现象，分析了其流行的原因、存在的风险以及给年轻人带来的改变。 1．考查定语从句。句意：与一切都被安排好的团体旅行不同，独自旅行将个人推出舒适区，迫使他们面对意想不到的挑战。此处为定语从句修饰先行词group tours，先行词在从句中作地点状语，相当于in group tours，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 2．考查动词时态。句意：统计数据显示，自2015年以来，30岁以下独自旅行的人数增长了150%。根据时间状语since 2015可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的动作，要用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语the number of solo travelers为单数概念，所以用has increased。故填has increased。 3．考查定语从句。句意：心理学家认为，在日益数字化的世界中长大的年轻人正在追求社交媒体无法提供的真实体验。此处为定语从句修饰先行词young people，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：当你独自在异国他乡，没有人可以依靠时，每一个决定——从乘坐公共交通工具到用当地方言点餐——都成为了关于独立的一课。此处为动词不定式作后置定语，修饰no one，表示“可以依靠的人”，构成固定搭配have no one to depend on。故填to depend。 5．考查介词。句意：当你独自在异国他乡，没有人可以依靠时，每一个决定——从乘坐公共交通工具到用当地方言点餐——都成为了关于独立的一课。此处为固定搭配from...to...，意为“从……到……”。故填to。 6．考查动词语态。句意：例如，在某些中东国家，独自旅行的女性被期望穿着端庄，以避免不必要的注意。此处为谓语动词，主语women与expect之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且句子陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语为复数，所以用are expected。故填are expected。 7．考查动词。句意：未能适应当地文化规范可能会导致严重后果。此处为固定搭配failure to do sth.，意为“未能做某事”，所以此处用动词原形adjust。故填adjust。 8．考查形容词。句意：最终，那些有过独自旅行经历的人常常将其描述为改变人生的经历，并且他们对独自旅行变得充满喜爱。become为系动词，后接形容词作表语，affection的形容词形式为affectionate，意为“充满喜爱的”。故填affectionate。 9．考查冠词。句意：克服的挑战和获得的视角往往具有相当大的影响，这是任何课堂教育都无法比拟的。此处为固定搭配have a...effect，意为“有……影响”，considerable是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 10．考查宾语从句。句意：也许这就解释了为什么/这一现象，越来越多的年轻人选择独自踏上旅程，他们寻找的不仅仅是目的地，而是自我的转变。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作explains的宾语，若表示“为什么越来越多年轻人选择独自旅行”，从句中缺少原因状语，所以用连接副词why引导；若表示“这就解释了这一现象，即越来越多年轻人选择独自旅行”，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，可用连接词that引导，只起连接作用，无实际意义。故填why/that。 二、选词填空 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need. A．anchor    B．comparing    C． calorie    D．charge   E. operator   F. calculate G. insufficient    H. live     I. plug     J. specializing    K. tailor-made Carbon labelling isn’t new, but it is gaining a lot more traction of late - especially when it comes to travel. Carbon labels should be an easy way of 11 products or services to see which are most sustainable at a glance, by providing a comprehensive, numbered footprint. Increasing numbers of businesses across a variety of sectors are getting onboard with the idea. For example, in the last month alone, exercise tracking app Strava announced a new tool to 12 carbon savings from going for runs, walks, cycles and e-bike rides. But perhaps one of the industries in which the concept could be most complicated is travel. It is one of the most carbon-intensive recreational activities any of us will ever take, and one for which the majority of us have 13 ideas of the impact. If you break it all down,which is really worse: an all-inclusive cruise round the Bahamas? Or a trip to an eco-lodge in Costa Rica that involves a 24-hour round-trip on a plane? As an ordinary individual, it feels like an impossible task to figure out if one holiday is “better”than another. Many a pioneering 14 started doing the hard work of measuring the impact of trips, down to the smallest element, and posting the results on their packages several years ago. Much Better Adventures led the 15 , trailing the idea at the beginning of 2021- the first international travel company to do so. “Do I think it will be everywhere? I do,” Sam Bruce, the business’s co-founder, told me at the time. “It should go beyond travel and they should be on all products that we buy; carbon labels should be the new 16 . In Much Better Adventures’ case, the label includes carbon emissions from all local transport, accommodation, activities, guides, staff and office operations. Pura Aventura, 17 in holidays to Latin America, Spain and Portugal, wasn’t far behind, though with a different slant.” The complexity we have is that all our trips are 18 -so we can’t say we’ve got 50 trips and let’s measure the carbon of each one,“said co-founder and CEO Thomas Power.” Every trip is different. You need a 19 tool — so we built it into our database.“ The company doesn’t just measure the trip itself, but includes the travel to get there, door-to-door: ”We want to know where you live, where the airport is, which flight you’re taking,“says Thomas.”We can 20 into the database your postcode, Gatwick airport, your short-haul flight-and then the carbon factor calculates the journey and the amount of carbon produced. 【答案】 11．B 12．F 13．G 14．E 15．D 16．C 17．J 18．K 19．H 20．I 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了碳标签在旅游行业的应用情况。 11．考查动词。句意：碳标签应该是一种通过提供一个全面的、带有数字的碳足迹，让人们一眼就能比较产品或服务，从而看出哪些产品或服务最具可持续性的简单方法。空格前的of是介词，后面接动词时要用动名词形式。根据to see which are most sustainable，这里需要一个表示“比较”的词，comparing符合要求，comparing products or services表示“比较产品或服务”。故选B项。 12．考查动词。句意：例如，仅在上个月，运动追踪应用程序Strava就宣布推出一款新工具，用于计算跑步、散步、骑自行车和骑电动自行车所节省的碳排放量。to后面接动词原形，这里需要一个能和carbon savings搭配的动词，calculate意为“计算”，calculate carbon savings表示“计算碳减排量”，符合语境。故选F项。 13．考查形容词。句意：这是我们所有人参与过的碳密集度最高的休闲活动之一，而且我们大多数人对其影响的了解都不足。ideas是名词，前面需要用形容词修饰。根据后文提到很难判断一次度假是否比另一次“更好”，可知人们对旅行的碳影响了解不够，insufficient表示“不足的”，符合文意。故选G项。 14．考查名词。句意：多年前，许多开拓性的旅游运营商就开始努力测量旅行的影响，直至最小的细节，并将结果标注在他们的旅游套餐上。根据doing the hard work of measuring the impact of trips，这里说的是在旅游行业中做测量旅行影响工作的主体，operator有“经营者，运营商”的意思，travel operator表示“旅游运营商”，符合语境。故选E项。 15．考查名词。句意：Much Better Adventures起了带头作用，在2021年初试行这一理念——它是第一家这样做的国际旅游公司。lead the charge是固定表达，意为“打头阵，带头冲锋”，这里表示该公司在碳标签应用于旅游方面率先做出尝试。故选D项。 16．考查名词。句意：碳标签应该超越旅游领域，出现在我们购买的所有产品上；碳标签应该成为新的“卡路里”标识。calorie意为“卡路里”，现在很多食品等会标注卡路里含量，这里把碳标签和卡路里标识作类比，说明碳标签应该像卡路里标识一样普遍。故选C项。 17．考查动词。句意：Pura Aventura专门提供前往拉丁美洲、西班牙和葡萄牙的度假旅游服务，虽然角度不同，但也紧随其后。specialize in是固定短语，意为“专门从事，擅长”，这里specializing in作后置定语，修饰Pura Aventura，表示该公司的业务范围。故选J项。 18．考查形容词。句意：我们面临的复杂情况是，我们所有的旅行都是量身定制的——所以我们不能说我们有50次旅行，然后去测量每次旅行的碳排放量。根据空格前的are可知，空格处应该用形容词作表语，tailor-made表示“量身定制的”，根据后文Every trip is different可知，该公司的旅行套餐是根据不同客户需求定制的，符合语境。故选K项。 19．考查形容词。句意：你需要一个实时工具——所以我们把它集成到了我们的数据库中。tool是名词，前面用形容词修饰。live在这里表示“实时的”，结合语境，公司需要一个能实时处理数据的工具来计算不同旅行的碳排放量，live tool符合要求。故选H项。 20．考查动词。句意：我们可以将你的邮政编码、盖特威克机场、你的短途航班信息输入数据库——然后碳因子会计算行程和产生的碳排放量。plug...into是固定搭配，意为“把……插入……”，这里表示把相关信息输入数据库，plug符合语境。故选I项。 三、完形填空 I Love Finding Birds’ Nests, but What’s in Them Troubles Me Most birds go to great lengths to hide their nests. So when I find one, so carefully crafted, I’m filled with awe. They are 21 of the natural world. The weave of grass, leaves and other natural materials is 22 to each species. Most birds use nests only to raise their young. For small birds, this could be less than one month out of the year. For that reason, I generally don’t consider them homes. But the analogy (类比) is suitable, if only to convey the uniqueness of their 23 . Of a house, you might say: That’s a craftsman or a Cape Cod style. The same sort of design 24 can be seen in a nest. That’s a robin’s nest or a red-tailed hawk’s. Birds can be choosy about the materials they use to build their nest. Some line their nests with snakeskin to 25 enemies. Others stuff feathers inside dome-shaped nests of sticks or create 26 entrances to trick predators or add aromatic leaves to repel parasites. Increasingly, and 27 for what it says about the state of the planet, birds are also using all sorts of plastic litter and other trash to build their nests. The scene reflects yet another way the human 28 has affixed itself on the natural world. Among the trash that birds use to build their nests are wrappers from candy, cigarettes, plastic cotton and shipping material. 29 as this may be, it’s also a sign of talent. Birds, which evolved from small dinosaurs, are 30 the human dominated world they inhabit. Take a northern mockingbird nest for example. Plastic materials include green plastic netting, white nylon string, white plastic cotton filling as well as fragments of rags. Natural materials include pine needles and natural fibers. Do these materials attract 31 attention from predators? Or entangle nestlings? We don’t fully know what impact all this trash is having on birds. There may be benefits to some of the rubbish they add. Plastics may strengthen nests. 32 , nestlings may eat some of the plastic or other trash, resulting in sickness. Let’s take a look at a gray catbird nest. It’s amazing that birds recognize and match the 33 of plastic and other trash materials to natural ones. I’ve seen shreds of tarp replace grass to suspend nests from branches and plastic cotton used instead of plant fibers to insulate eggs. Yes, it is 34 for what this says about the world we humans have made. But I still find wonder in the stories these nests tell about the lives and circumstances of their architects and the 35 choices they made in assembling the place where they will raise their offspring. 21．A．disasters B．marvels C．guardians D．explorations 22．A．accessible B．specific C．subject D．strange 23．A．creativity B．flight C．architecture D．operation 24．A．similarity B．confusion C．disorder D．distinction 25．A．fight against B．shelter from C．duck behind D．scare off 26．A．false B．real C．wide D．narrow 27．A．excitingly B．troublingly C．indifferently D．calmly 28．A．signature B．masterpiece C．fascination D．resolution 29．A．Helpless B．Overwhelmed C．Distressing D．Refreshing 30．A．escaping from B．adjusting to C．taking no notice of D．agreeing with 31．A．unwanted B．intentional C．undivided D．undue 32．A．Therefore B．On the other hand C．In addition D．For example 33．A．properties B．fabrics C．sizes D．shapes 34．A．soul-stirring B．awe-inspiring C．heartbreaking D．eye-catching 35．A．random B．wise C．hasty D．careless 【答案】 21．B 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．B 31．A 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者观察鸟巢的体验，探讨了鸟类筑巢的精巧设计与材料选择，重点描述了它们如何在人类影响下使用塑料等废弃物筑巢的现象。作者对此感到担忧，但也惊叹于鸟类的适应能力，并思考了这种行为对鸟类自身的潜在影响，在矛盾中表达了对鸟类及其生存环境复杂的情感。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们是自然界的奇观。A. disasters灾难；B. marvels奇迹，奇观；C. guardians守护者；D. explorations探索。根据前文“I’m filled with awe”和“so carefully crafted”可知，鸟巢令人惊叹，是“奇观”。故选B项。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由草、树叶和其他天然材料编织的方式对每个物种来说是特定的。A. accessible可进入的；B. specific特定的；C. subject受……支配的；D. strange奇怪的。根据后文“to each species”和“the uniqueness”可知，不同鸟类的巢穴独一无二，各有特点，因此编织方式是“特定的”。故选B项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这个类比是合适的，如果只是为了传达它们建筑的独特性。A. creativity创造力；B. flight飞行；C. architecture建筑；D. operation操作。根据前文将鸟巢类比为房屋，以及后文提到的“craftsman style”和“Cape Cod style”都是建筑风格可知，此处强调鸟巢的“建筑”结构。故选C项。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样的设计区别也能在鸟巢中看到。A. similarity相似；B. confusion困惑；C. disorder混乱；D. distinction区别，差异。前文“Of a house, you might say: That’s a craftsman or a Cape Cod style.”列举了两种不同的人类建筑风格，结合后文“That’s a robin’s nest or a red-tailed hawk’s.”可推知，文中类比了不同鸟类的巢穴在设计上也有显著“区别”。故选D项。 25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有些用蛇皮衬巢，以吓退敌人。A. fight against对抗；B. shelter from躲避；C. duck behind躲在……后面；D. scare off吓跑。根据后文“enemies”可推知，蛇皮建巢材料主要用于“吓退”捕食者。故选D项。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：另一些则在圆顶树枝巢中塞入羽毛，或制造假入口以欺骗捕食者，或添加芳香叶子来驱赶寄生虫。A. false假的；B. real真的；C. wide宽的；D. narrow窄的。根据后文“to trick predators”可知，是为了欺骗捕食者，所以是“假的”入口。故选A项。 27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：越来越多地，鸟类也在使用各种塑料垃圾和其他废弃物来筑巢，这种现象令人不安，因为它说明了地球的状况。A. excitingly令人兴奋地；B. troublingly令人不安地；C. indifferently冷漠地；D. calmly平静地。根据“for what it says about the state of the planet”可知，鸟类使用人类垃圾反映了环境问题，这是“令人不安的”。故选B项。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个场景反映了人类印记附加在自然界上的另一种方式。A. signature印记，签名；B. masterpiece杰作；C. fascination迷恋；D. resolution决心。根据后文描述的具体垃圾“wrappers from candy, cigarettes, plastic cotton and shipping material”可知，这是人类活动留下的“印记”。故选A项。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这可能是令人痛心的，但它也是一种才能的标志。A. Helpless无助的；B. Overwhelmed不堪重负的；C. Distressing令人痛心的；D. Refreshing令人耳目一新的。根据前文“Increasingly, and ___7___ for what it says about the state of the planet, birds are also using all sorts of plastic litter and other trash to build their nests.”可知，鸟类使用垃圾筑巢令人不安，这一现象“令人痛心；后文“but also a sign of talent”的转折也暗示了前半句是负面情感。故选C项。 30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：鸟类，从小恐龙进化而来，正在适应它们所居住的人类主导的世界。A. escaping from逃离；B. adjusting to适应；C. taking no notice of不注意；D. agreeing with同意。根据后文举例说明鸟类利用塑料等人类废弃物筑巢，以及前文人类对自然界的影响可知，这是鸟类“适应”人类主导环境的表现。故选B项。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些材料会引来捕食者不必要的关注吗？A. unwanted不需要的，不受欢迎的；B. intentional故意的；C. undivided全部的；D. undue过分的。根据前文“Plastic materials include green plastic netting, white nylon string, white plastic cotton filling as well as fragments of rags.”和常识，鸟类使用颜色鲜艳或异常的塑料可能会增加被天敌发现的概率，这是它们“不想要的”额外关注。故选A项。 32．考查介词短语辨析。句意：另一方面，雏鸟可能会吃掉一些塑料或其他垃圾，导致生病。A. Therefore因此；B. On the other hand另一方面；C. In addition此外；D. For example例如。前句“There may be benefits to some of the rubbish they add. Plastics may strengthen nests.”提到使用垃圾可能有益处，本句提出潜在的危害，是转折对比关系，用“另一方面”。故选B项。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，鸟类能识别并匹配塑料和其他垃圾材料与天然材料的特性。A. properties特性；B. fabrics织物；C. sizes尺寸；D. shapes形状。根据后文举例“shreds of tarp replace grass to suspend nests”和“plastic cotton used instead of plant fibers to insulate eggs”可知，鸟类是根据材料的功能特性(悬挂、绝缘)进行替换的，而不是仅仅根据形状或尺寸。故选A项。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是的，这令人心碎，因为它折射出我们人类所造就的这个世界的现状。A. soul-stirring振奋人心的；B. awe-inspiring令人敬畏的；C. heartbreaking令人心碎的；D. eye-catching引人注目的。根据前文描述的鸟类被迫使用垃圾筑巢这一负面现象，以及“what this says about the world we humans have made”可知，作者反思人类所造就的这个世界的现状，认为这“令人心碎”。故选C项。 35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我仍然对这些鸟巢所讲述的关于其建造者的生活和环境，以及它们为养育后代所选择的明智的材料选择感到惊奇。A. random随机的；B. wise明智的；C. hasty仓促的；D. careless粗心的。根据前文鸟类根据材料特性(如用塑料布代替草悬挂巢穴，用塑料棉代替植物纤维保温)来适应环境可知，这些选择是“明智的”。故选B项。 四、阅读理解 A While fossil fuels — coal, oil, gas — still generate roughly 85 percent of the world’s energy supply, it’s clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world: they now account for more than half of new power sources going on line. Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of renewables, especially wind and solar. The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years. In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source. In Scotland, for example, wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes. While the rest of the world takes the lead, notably China and Europe, the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift. In March, for the first time, wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US, reported the US Energy Information Administration. President Trump has underlined fossil fuels — especially coal — as the path to economic growth. In a recent speech in Iowa, he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source. But that message did not play well with many in Iowa — where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the state’s electricity generation — and where tech giants such as Facebook, Microsoft, and Google are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers. The question “what happens when the wind doesn’t blow or the sun doesn’t shine?” has provided a quick put-down for skeptics. But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely. The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers, who are placing big bets on battery-powered electric vehicles. Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now, this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years. While there’s a long way to go, the train lines for renewables are spiking. The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up — perhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in slowing climate change. What Washington does, or doesn’t do — to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought. 36．According to Paragraph 3, the use of renewable energy in America ______. A．is progressing notably B．is as extensive as in Europe C．faces many challenges D．has proved to be impractical 37．It can be learned that in Iowa, ______. A．there is a shortage of clean energy supply B．wind energy has replaced fossil fuels C．tech giants are investing in clean energy D．wind is a widely used energy source 38．Which of the following is true about clean energy according to paragraphs 5 & 6? A．Its application has helped boost battery storage. B．It is commonly used in car manufacturing. C．Its continuous supply might become a reality. D．Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult. 39．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy ______. A．will bring the US closer to other countries B．will accelerate global environmental change C．is not really encouraged by the US government D．is not competitive enough with regard to its cost 【答案】36．A 37．D 38．C 39．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍可再生能源的发展势头、价格下降的趋势，以及全球各地的应用情况和未来前景，提及美国的相关现状。 36．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“While the rest of the world takes the lead, notably China and Europe, the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift. In March, for the first time, wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US, reported the US Energy Information Administration.(虽然世界其他地区处于领先地位，特别是中国和欧洲，但美国也正经历着显著的转变。据美国能源信息署报道，今年3月，风能和太阳能在美国发电量中的占比首次超过10%)”可知，美国可再生能源的使用正取得显著进展。故选A项。 37．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But that message did not play well with many in Iowa — where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the state’s electricity generation — and where tech giants such as Facebook, Microsoft, and Google are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers.(但这一信息在爱荷华州并不受许多人欢迎——那里的田野上遍布着风力涡轮机，为该州提供了36%的电力——而且Facebook、微软和谷歌等科技巨头也被那里可用的清洁能源所吸引，用其为数据中心供电)”可知，在爱荷华州，风能是一种被广泛使用的能源。故选D项。 38．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.(但电池存储容量的提升，正使它们全天候供电的能力变得更有可能实现)”和第六段中的“Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now, this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.(尽管电动汽车目前在道路上仍较为罕见，但这笔巨额投资可能在未来几年迅速改变这一局面)”可知，清洁能源的持续供应可能会成为现实。故选C项。 39．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“What Washington does, or doesn’t do — to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought.(在全球思想转变之际，美国政府为推广替代能源所做的或未做的事情，其意义可能越来越小)”以及第四段中的“In a recent speech in Iowa, he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source. (在最近于爱荷华州发表的一次演讲中，他认为风能是一种不可靠的能源)”可推断，美国政府并没有真正鼓励可再生能源的发展。故选C项。 B Last year marked the third year in a row that Indonesia’s bleak rate of deforestation has slowed in pace. One reason for the turnaround may be the country’s antipoverty program. In 2007, Indonesia started phasing in a program that gives money to its poorest residents under certain conditions, such as requiring people to keep kids in school or get regular medical care. 40 They’re already used in dozens of countries worldwide. In Indonesia, the program has provided enough food and medicine to substantially reduce severe growth problems among children. But CCT programs don’t generally consider effects on the environment. In fact, poverty alleviation and environmental protection are often viewed as conflicting goals, says Paul Ferraro, an economist at Johns Hopkins University. That’s because economic growth can be correlated with environmental degradation, while protecting the environment is sometimes correlated with greater poverty. 41 Ferraro wanted to see if Indonesia’s poverty-alleviation program was easing deforestation. Indonesia has the third-largest area of tropical forest in the world and one of the highest deforestation rates. Ferraro analyzed satellite data showing annual forest loss from 2008 to 2012 — including during Indonesia’s phase-in of the antipoverty program — in 7,468 forested villages across 15 provinces. 42 That’s likely because the rural poor are using the money as makeshift insurance policies against inclement weather, Ferraro says. Typically, if rains are delayed, people may clear land to plant more rice to supplement their harvests. With the CCTs, individuals instead can use the money to supplement their harvests. Whether this research translates elsewhere is anybody’s guess. 43 And regardless of transferability, the study shows that what’s good for people may also be good for the environment. A．Ferraro suggests the results may transfer to other parts of Asia, due to commonalities such as the importance of growing rice and market access. B．Called conditional cash transfers or CCTs, these social assistance programs are designed to reduce inequality and break the cycle of poverty. C．“We see that the program is associated with a 30 percent reduction in deforestation,” Ferraro says. D．Ferraro says, “the value of the avoided deforestation just for carbon dioxide emissions alone is more than the program costs.” E．A previous study, based on an area in Mexico that had instituted CCTs, supported this traditional view. F．Such programs do not have to negatively affect the environment though. 【答案】40．B 41．F 42．C 43．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍印度尼西亚的扶贫项目减缓了森林砍伐速度，揭示扶贫与环保可以兼顾。 40．根据前文“In 2007, Indonesia started phasing in a program that gives money to its poorest residents under certain conditions, such as requiring people to keep kids in school or get regular medical care.(2007年，印度尼西亚开始逐步推行一项项目，在特定条件下向最贫困居民发放资金，比如要求让孩子上学或定期接受医疗。)”以及后文“They’re already used in dozens of countries worldwide.(它们已在全球数十个国家推行。)”可知，前文介绍了印尼的扶贫项目，此空应对该项目进行命名和解释，B选项“Called conditional cash transfers or CCTs, these social assistance programs are designed to reduce inequality and break the cycle of poverty.(这些社会援助项目被称为有条件现金转移支付，即CCT，旨在减少不平等、打破贫困循环。)”对前文项目进行定义说明，且与后文“They”对应，符合语境。故选B项。 41．根据前文“That’s because economic growth can be correlated with environmental degradation, while protecting the environment is sometimes correlated with greater poverty.(这是因为经济增长可能与环境恶化相关，而保护环境有时与更严重的贫困相关。)”以及后文“Ferraro wanted to see if Indonesia’s poverty-alleviation program was easing deforestation.(费拉罗想了解印尼的扶贫项目是否缓解了森林砍伐。)”可知，前文提出扶贫与环保冲突的传统观点，后文转向研究二者是否可以兼顾，F选项“Such programs do not have to negatively affect the environment though.(不过，这类项目不一定会对环境产生负面影响。)”构成转折，引出后文的研究内容，符合语境。故选F项。 42．根据前文“Ferraro analyzed satellite data showing annual forest loss from 2008 to 2012 — including during Indonesia’s phase-in of the antipoverty program — in 7,468 forested villages across 15 provinces.(费拉罗分析了2008至2012年年度森林损失的卫星数据，其中包括印尼逐步推行扶贫项目期间，覆盖15个省的7468个森林村庄。)”可知，前文说明费拉罗做了数据分析，此空应给出研究结果，C选项“We see that the program is associated with a 30 percent reduction in deforestation,” Ferraro says.(费拉罗说：“我们发现该项目使森林砍伐率降低了30%。”)”呈现了具体研究结论，符合语境。故选C项。 43．根据前文“Whether this research translates elsewhere is anybody’s guess.(这项研究成果能否推广到其他地区还不得而知。)”以及后文“And regardless of transferability, the study shows that what’s good for people may also be good for the environment.(且不管能否推广，研究表明对人类有益的事也可能对环境有益。)”并结合语境可知，前文提出成果是否可推广的问题，此空应给出费拉罗对此的看法，A选项“Ferraro suggests the results may transfer to other parts of Asia, due to commonalities such as the importance of growing rice and market access.(费拉罗认为，由于种植水稻的重要性和市场准入等共性，该结果可能推广到亚洲其他地区。)”回应了前文的推广问题，符合语境。故选A项。 五、概要写作 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Save the Sink There are portents (凶兆) of a longer-term and faster decline of the land carbon sink. For instance, the global forest carbon sink has steadily declined since 2001, mainly due to deforestation. In 2023 and 2024, wildfires further reduced the forest sink to its lowest point in two decades, fuelling feedback cycles that accelerate climate change. “We’re seeing this happening right before our eyes and faster than we thought it would,” says Rose. If the land carbon sink does vanish in the not-so-distant future, the consequences for climate action would be profound. Most countries depend on their sinks to meet emissions promises under the Paris Agreement that aims to keep long-term global warming to a 1.5℃ threshold. So, losing the sinks earlier than expected would mean emissions have to decline more rapidly elsewhere. In Europe, for instance, a sudden decline in the forest carbon sink over the past few years — a perfect storm of overharvesting in the aftermath of drought, heat and insect outbreaks — has put the bloc far off track to meet its 2030 emissions targets. The good news is that there are effective ways to save the sink, or slow down its death. A climate ecologist says the most important steps are to protect, restore and manage ecosystems, in that order. If existing forests were left to grow undisturbed, a maximum potential uptake of 228 billion tonnes of carbon as they reach full maturity over decades — equivalent to about a third of our cumulative carbon emissions to date. Another 87 billion tonnes could be captured by restoring forests in places where they once grew. Beyond this, better management of ecosystems could enhance the land carbon sink by several billion tonnes each year. This involves avoiding monster wildfires by conducting prescribed burns, rolling out climate-friendly farming practices like cover cropping, and more sustainable harvesting of trees. If we want to hold onto the unexpected gift of a land carbon sink then we must stop “removing the allies that we have”, says Zohner — and try to keep growth ahead of death just a little bit longer. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The land carbon sink is disappearing faster than expected because of deforestation and wildfires, which holds countries back from meeting the 1.5℃ Paris Agreement goal. However, effective protection, restoration and management measures, like wildfire prevention, eco-friendly agriculture, and sustainable harvesting, can enable the growth of sinks to outpace their death by greatly boosting current and future carbon absorption. (58 words) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了陆地碳汇出现加速衰退的不良趋势及其可能给各国达成气候目标带来的严重影响，并提出了保护、恢复和管理生态系统等一系列挽救陆地碳汇的有效措施。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①The global forest carbon sink has steadily declined since 2001, mainly due to deforestation. In 2023 and 2024, wildfires further reduced the forest sink to its lowest point in two decades, fuelling feedback cycles that accelerate climate change. ②Most countries depend on their sinks to meet emissions promises under the Paris Agreement that aims to keep long-term global warming to a 1.5℃ threshold. ③A climate ecologist says the most important steps are to protect, restore and manage ecosystems. ④Beyond this, better management of ecosystems could enhance the land carbon sink by several billion tonnes each year. This involves avoiding monster wildfires by conducting prescribed burns, rolling out climate-friendly farming practices like cover cropping, and more sustainable harvesting of trees. 2.缜密构思 将要点①②整合，说明陆地碳汇的不良趋势及影响；将要点③④整合，介绍一系列挽救陆地碳汇的有效措施。 3.遣词造句 The land carbon sink is declining faster than expected due to deforestation and wildfires, which holds countries back from meeting the 1.5℃ Paris Agreement goal. However, effective protection, restoration and management measures, like wildfire prevention, eco-friendly agriculture, and sustainable harvesting, can enable the growth of sinks to outpace their death. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The land carbon sink is disappearing faster than expected because of deforestation and wildfires, which holds countries back from meeting the 1.5℃ Paris Agreement goal. (使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句，对一二段内容进行了简明扼要地概括) 【高分句型2】However, effective protection, restoration and management measures, like wildfire prevention, eco-friendly agriculture, and sustainable harvesting, can enable the growth of sinks to outpace their death by greatly boosting current and future carbon absorption. (使用了并列短语作主语，介词短语作插入语及方式状语等，对三四段内容进行整合概括) 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $