精品解析：2026年上海市初三中考英语押题卷1

2026年上海市初三中考英语押题卷1（含答案） 总分115，不含听力口语，考试时间90分钟 第二部分 语法与词汇（共45分） II. 语法单选（共15题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Shanghai is famous ________ its night views along the Huangpu River. A. for B. as C. with D. of 2. — Who taught ________ English last term? — Nobody. She learned it by ________. A. her; her B. she; herself C. her; herself D. herself; her 3. I asked three people the way to the museum, but ________ of them could help me. A. all B. both C. none D. neither 4. Would you like ________ bread with your soup? A. any B. some C. many D. a few 5. This film is ________ than the one we saw last week. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 6. —________ you ________ your report yet? —Not yet. I’ll finish it tomorrow. A. Did; finish B. Do; finish C. Have; finished D. Had; finished 7. By the time the police arrived, the thief ________ already ________. A. has; run away B. had; run away C. was; running away D. is; running away 8. Many trees and flowers ________ in our school every spring. A. plant B. are planted C. planted D. were planted 9. The girl in the classroom ________ be Lucy. She has gone to Beijing. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 10. Could you please tell me ________? A. where is the nearest underground station B. where the nearest underground station is C. the nearest underground station is where D. is where the nearest underground station 11. He didn’t go to bed ________ he finished his homework. A. if B. because C. until D. so 12. It is necessary for us ________ enough sleep every night. A. get B. getting C. to get D. got 13. My mother often tells me ________ too much time on computer games. A. not to spend B. to not spend C. don’t spend D. not spend 14. I wonder ________ you can come to my birthday party this Saturday. A. that B. whether C. what D. which 15. ________ wonderful concert they gave last night! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a III. 选词填空（共2篇，每篇4空，每空1分，满分8分） 从方框中选择合适的词填入短文空白处，每词限用一次，有1个多余选项。 A. create B. habit C. properly D. memory E. active Reading is an important skill for students. It helps to improve your vocabulary and understanding. To get the most out of reading, you should develop a good reading ____16____. Try to read every day, even for just 15 minutes. When you read, do it ____17____ — find a quiet place and focus on the text. This can help ____18____ a stronger connection between new words and your ____19____. Staying active in reading also makes learning more enjoyable. 从方框中选择合适的词填入短文空白处，每词限用一次。 A. avoid B. independent C. simply D. challenge E. result As teenagers, you will face many difficult tasks in your studies. Don’t ____20____ them. Instead, try to break a big problem into small parts. Sometimes, you can ____21____ start with the easiest part to build confidence. The ____22____ is that you will feel less stressed. Learning to be ____23____ in solving problems is a useful skill for the future. It also helps you avoid relying too much on others. IV. 词性转换（共8题，每小题1分，满分8分）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 24. Tom runs much ________ (fast) than his brother. 25. Can you give me some ________ (advice) on how to learn English well? 26. Congratulations! You made a wise ________ (choose). 27. There are many ________ (shelf) in the school library. 28. Today is Grandpa’s ________ (sixty) birthday. 29. ________ (read) aloud in the morning is a good habit. 30. The man shouted ________ (angry) at the dog. 31. His sudden ________ (die) made everyone very sad. V. 句型转换（共7题，每空1分，满分14分）按要求完成句子，每空一词。 32. He has already finished his homework. （改为一般疑问句） ______ he finished his homework ______? 33. The weather today is very pleasant. (改为感叹句) ________ pleasant weather it is today! 34. Let’s go to the park this afternoon, ________ ________? (改为反意疑问句) 35. This math problem is so difficult that I can’t solve it. (改为同义句转换) This math problem is ________ difficult for me ________ solve. 36. “I will return the book tomorrow,” said Tom. (改为宾语从句) Tom said that ________ ________ return the book the next day. 37. People all over the world speak English. （改为被动语态） English ________ ________ by people all over the world. 38. you, dangerous, in winter, be, if, are, driving, can, not careful （连词成句 ） _____________________________________________________________. 第三部分 阅读理解（共4篇，共50分） VI. 阅读理解 A篇：阅读理解（共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 In the high-tech laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a team of engineers recently achieved a remarkable milestone. They successfully grew the first fully digital, living plant—a hybrid of a Venus flytrap and a rose—by using a revolutionary bio-engineering technique called “cyber-agriculture.” This new life form, named “Rosa Digitalis,” can not only perform photosynthesis like a normal plant but also connect to the Internet. Through sensors embedded in its leaves, it can analyze environmental data, such as air quality and soil conditions, and then send real-time reports to a cloud-based server. More astonishingly, its unique neural network allows it to learn from the data and even communicate with other “smart plants” via a low-frequency signal. While the creators believe this innovation could lead to self-regulating urban farms that require minimal human intervention, some environmentalists express concern, arguing that introducing such genetically engineered species into the natural ecosystem might have unpredictable consequences, potentially disturbing the existing natural balance and outcompeting natural plants. 39. What is the primary function of the sensors in the Rosa Digitalis’ leaves? A. To perform photosynthesis more efficiently. B. To connect the plant to the Internet. C. To gather and send environmental information. D. To communicate with other plants. 40. The phrase “cyber-agriculture” in the passage most likely refers to ________. A. growing plants in a virtual reality environment B. using computer technology to control natural plant growth C. creating new plant species that combine biology with digital technology D. an online platform for sharing agricultural techniques 41. How do the Rosa Digitalis plants communicate with each other? A. By sharing data through the cloud server. B. By using a low-frequency signal. C. Through a neural network directly linked to human brains. D. By emitting a type of light wave. 42. According to the passage, which of the following is a potential benefit of this innovation? A. It can help create farms that largely manage themselves. B. It will completely replace traditional farming. C. It can eliminate the need for natural sunlight. D. It can solve all air pollution problems. 43. What is the main concern of the environmentalists mentioned in the passage? A. The high cost of producing such plants. B. The potential threat to the natural ecological balance. C. The energy consumption of the cloud server. D. The lack of public interest in the technology. 44. The author’s attitude toward the development of “Rosa Digitalis” can best be described as ________. A. completely supportive B. strongly opposed C. objectively reporting both benefits and concerns D. indifferent and uninterested B篇：完型填空（共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The tradition of the “Gap Year” between high school and university, once popular only in Western countries, is now gaining ____45____ among Chinese students. Instead of directly entering the fierce competition of college admissions, some students choose to take a year off to travel, volunteer, or pursue a personal project. Proponents (支持者) argue that this experience can ____46____ a student’s perspective, fostering independence and a clearer sense of purpose. For example, volunteering to teach in a rural area might inspire a student to ____47____ a career in education, while traveling abroad could improve their language skills and adaptability. However, this practice is not without its ____48____ in a society like China. The most significant one is the intense social pressure to follow the “normal” timeline. Many parents worry that a gap year is a waste of precious time, putting their child at a disadvantage compared to their peers who go straight to university. ____49____, there is the risk that the year becomes an unstructured “do-nothing” period without clear goals, leading to a loss of academic momentum (动力). To be successful, a gap year requires careful planning and self-discipline. Experts suggest that students should have a ____50____ plan with specific milestones, rather than just a vague idea of “finding themselves”. If well-structured, this break can be a valuable opportunity for personal growth; if not, it might become a ____51____ that is hard to correct. 45. A. loss B. popularity C. control D. access 46. A. narrow B. limit C. broaden D. check 47. A. abandon B. pursue C. reject D. interrupt 48. A. benefits B. supporters C. examples D. drawbacks 49. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. However 50. A. concrete B. flexible C. daily D. financial 51. A. success B. memory C. lesson D. setback C篇：首字母填空（共7空；每空2分，满分14分） 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。 Imagine a world where your refrigerator can order milk before you run out, and your washing machine schedules its own repair when it detects a fault. This is not science fiction but the promise of the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT refers to the network of physical devices—from home appliances to city traffic lights—that are e____52____ with sensors and software to connect and exchange data over the internet. While this technology offers incredible convenience, it also raises a s____53____ privacy concern. Every “smart” device collects data about your habits, preferences, and daily routines. For i____54____, your smart TV knows what you watch, and your fitness tracker knows your heart rate. When all this data is combined, a very detailed personal p____55____ can be created. A major risk is that this information could be accessed by unauthorized parties. H____56____ attacks on IoT devices are becoming increasingly common, as many of these devices lack basic security features. To address this, experts recommend that users take proactive steps. They should r____57____ change default passwords and ensure their home network is secure. In the future, the c____58____ between convenience and security will be a defining challenge of our increasingly connected world. D篇：根据短文内容回答问题（共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分） 阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。请注意第6题的要求。 “Forest bathing,” or Shinrin-yoku, is a Japanese practice that involves immersing oneself in a forest atmosphere. It is not exercise, hiking, or jogging. It is simply being in nature, connecting with it through our senses of sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch. The practice began in Japan in the 1980s as a way to combat the high levels of stress and burnout among tech workers. Since then, studies have shown that a two-hour forest bathing session can have measurable health benefits. It has been proven to lower heart rate and blood pressure, reduce the production of the stress hormone cortisol, and boost the immune system. The secret, scientists believe, lies in “phytoncides”, which are natural oils released by trees and plants. When people breathe in these compounds, their bodies increase the number and activity of a type of white blood cell called natural killer (NK) cells, which help fight off infections and even cancer. In our modern, urbanized world, where people spend over 90% of their time indoors, the practice of forest bathing offers a simple, accessible, and powerful antidote to the pressures of daily life. It reminds us that a basic connection to the natural world is not a luxury, but a necessity for our well-being. 59. Is forest bathing the same as going for a fast-paced hike in the woods? ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. According to the passage, what was the original purpose of starting the practice of forest bathing in Japan in the 1980s? ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 61. How long does a forest bathing session need to last to produce measurable health benefits? ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 62. How do phytoncides affect the human body to help fight illness? ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 63. According to the passage, why does the author call forest bathing “a necessity” for modern people? ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 64. Do you think schools in big cities should include regular “nature time” or forest bathing activities in their curriculum? (Give your opinion and explain why or why not.) ________________________________________________________________________________________________ XI. 书信或邮件写作（共20分） 65. 情境： 假设你是李华。你的英国笔友Ben给你发来一封邮件，提到他最近感到非常焦虑。他马上要参加一项重要的全国性中学考试，每天学习超过10个小时，睡眠严重不足，周末还要参加补习班。他感觉自己像一台“学习机器”，失去了生活的乐趣。他向你寻求帮助和建议。 任务： 请你给他回复一封英文邮件（约60-80词）。在邮件中，你必须： 1. 表示理解他的感受。 2. 分析这种高压学习方式可能带来的两个负面后果（例如：对健康、学习效率的影响）。 3. 提出至少两条具体、可行的建议，帮助他缓解焦虑，平衡学习与生活。 要求： 语言得体，逻辑清晰，观点积极向上。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年上海市初三中考英语押题卷1（含答案） 总分115，不含听力口语，考试时间90分钟 第二部分 语法与词汇（共45分） II. 语法单选（共15题，每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Shanghai is famous ________ its night views along the Huangpu River. A. for B. as C. with D. of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：上海因其沿着黄浦江的夜景而闻名。 for因为；as作为；with和；of……的。be famous for意为“因……而闻名”，be famous as意为“作为……而闻名”。根据句意可知上海是因夜景这一特点而出名，应用介词for。 2. — Who taught ________ English last term? — Nobody. She learned it by ________. A. her; her B. she; herself C. her; herself D. herself; her 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——上学期谁教她英语？——没人。她自学的。 her她（的），人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词；she她，人称代词主格；herself她自己，反身代词。teach sb sth“教某人某事”，动词taught后用人称代词宾格her；learn by oneself表示“自学”，主语是She，第二空用反身代词herself。 3. I asked three people the way to the museum, but ________ of them could help me. A. all B. both C. none D. neither 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我问了三个人去博物馆的路，但他们都没有能帮我。 all 三者或三者以上都；both两者都；none三者或三者以上都不；neither两者都不。根据“three people”可知是三者，排除 B、D；根据but表示转折可知，是否定含义，排除A。故用none。 4. Would you like ________ bread with your soup? A. any B. some C. many D. a few 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：你想喝汤配些面包吗？ any任何；some一些；many许多；a few几个。bread是不可数名词，排除修饰可数名词的many和a few；Would you like...表示委婉建议，希望得到肯定回答，疑问句中常用some而不用any。 5. This film is ________ than the one we saw last week. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：这部电影比我们上周看的那部更有趣。 根据句中“than”（比）可知，此处需要使用形容词的比较级形式。“interesting”是多音节形容词，其比较级需在前面加“more”，即“more interesting”。应填more interesting。 6. —________ you ________ your report yet? —Not yet. I’ll finish it tomorrow. A. Did; finish B. Do; finish C. Have; finished D. Had; finished 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你已经完成你的报告了吗？——还没有。我明天完成它。 根据关键词yet及答语Not yet可知，该句应用现在完成时，其疑问句结构为“Have/Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词…”。主语为you，助动词用Have，finish的过去分词为finished。 7. By the time the police arrived, the thief ________ already ________. A. has; run away B. had; run away C. was; running away D. is; running away 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：警察到达时，小偷已经逃跑了。 by the time 意为“到……时候为止”，引导的时间状语从句中arrived是一般过去时，主句动作发生在从句动作之前，表示“过去的过去”，且句中有 already 提示，应用过去完成时（had + 过去分词）。 8. Many trees and flowers ________ in our school every spring. A. plant B. are planted C. planted D. were planted 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：每年春天我们学校都会种植许多树木和花卉。 根据时间状语“every spring”可知，句子应用一般现在时，排除C和D；主语“Many trees and flowers”和动词plant为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为be done；主语为复数，be动词应用are，动词plant的过去分词为planted，排除A。故选B。 9. The girl in the classroom ________ be Lucy. She has gone to Beijing. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：教室里的那个女孩不可能是露西。她去北京了。 can’t不可能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。根据“She has gone to Beijing.”可知露西已经去了北京，不在教室，因此表示有把握的否定推测，应用can’t。 10. Could you please tell me ________? A. where is the nearest underground station B. where the nearest underground station is C. the nearest underground station is where D. is where the nearest underground station 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能告诉我最近的地铁站在哪里吗？ 宾语从句必须使用陈述语序：引导词+主语+谓语。A项是疑问语序；B项是陈述语序，符合语法；C、D项结构错误。 11. He didn’t go to bed ________ he finished his homework. A. if B. because C. until D. so 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：他直到做完作业才上床睡觉。 if如果；because因为；until直到；so所以。根据句型“not...until...”（直到……才……）以及句子逻辑可知，应填until。 12. It is necessary for us ________ enough sleep every night. A. get B. getting C. to get D. got 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：对我们来说，每晚保证充足的睡眠是必要的。 本句是It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.结构，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”。其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。空格处应填入to get作真正主语。 13. My mother often tells me ________ too much time on computer games. A. not to spend B. to not spend C. don’t spend D. not spend 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我妈妈经常告诉我不要花费太多时间在电脑游戏上。 固定搭配tell sb. not to do sth.意为“告诉某人不要做某事”，不定式的否定词“not”需放在“to”之前。故选A。 14. I wonder ________ you can come to my birthday party this Saturday. A. that B. whether C. what D. which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：我想知道这个星期六你是否能来参加我的生日聚会。 that那个；whether是否；what什么；which哪一个。根据“I wonder”可知，主句表示想知道某事，含有不确定语气，应用whether引导宾语从句。 15. ________ wonderful concert they gave last night! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：昨晚他们举办的音乐会多么精彩啊！ 根据题干“________ wonderful concert”可知，concert是可数名词单数，wonderful以辅音音素开头，感叹句结构为What + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语，应填What a。 III. 选词填空（共2篇，每篇4空，每空1分，满分8分） 从方框中选择合适的词填入短文空白处，每词限用一次，有1个多余选项。 A. create B. habit C. properly D. memory E. active Reading is an important skill for students. It helps to improve your vocabulary and understanding. To get the most out of reading, you should develop a good reading ____16____. Try to read every day, even for just 15 minutes. When you read, do it ____17____ — find a quiet place and focus on the text. This can help ____18____ a stronger connection between new words and your ____19____. Staying active in reading also makes learning more enjoyable. 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了阅读对学生的重要性，并给出了养成良好阅读习惯的具体方法，以此帮助学生提升阅读效果，让学习更愉悦。 【16题详解】 句意：为了从阅读中收获最多，你应该养成良好的阅读习惯。根据“develop a good reading”可知此处使用搭配develop a good reading habit，意为“养成良好的阅读习惯”。 【17题详解】 句意：当你阅读时，要正确地阅读——找一个安静的地方，专注于文本。句子成分分析可知，此处可填入副词properly“恰当地、正确地”修饰动词do，后文“找一个安静的地方，专注于文本”是对正确阅读的具体解释。 【18题详解】 句意：这有助于在新词和你的记忆之间建立更强的联系。空前的help说明此处使用搭配help (to) do sth.，create a stronger connection搭配使用，意为“建立更强的联系”。 【19题详解】 句意：这有助于在新词和你的记忆之间建立更强的联系。空前的your说明后接名词，memory“记忆”填入，符合阅读中词汇记忆的逻辑。 从方框中选择合适的词填入短文空白处，每词限用一次。 A. avoid B. independent C. simply D. challenge E. result As teenagers, you will face many difficult tasks in your studies. Don’t ____20____ them. Instead, try to break a big problem into small parts. Sometimes, you can ____21____ start with the easiest part to build confidence. The ____22____ is that you will feel less stressed. Learning to be ____23____ in solving problems is a useful skill for the future. It also helps you avoid relying too much on others. 【答案】20. A 21. C 22. E 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要给青少年提出了应对学习中困难任务的建议：不要逃避问题，要将大问题拆解为小部分，从简单部分入手建立信心，学会独立解决问题，这对未来发展很有帮助。 【20题详解】 句意：不要逃避它们。根据后文“Instead, try to break a big problem into small parts”可知，此处表示“不要逃避”， avoid符合语境。 【21题详解】 句意：有时，你可以仅仅从最简单的部分开始，来建立信心。 空后是动词start，需要副词修饰；simply表示“仅仅，只”，符合语境。 【22题详解】 句意：结果就是你会感到压力更小。空前有定冠词The，空后是be动词is，需要名词作主语；The result is that... 是固定结构，表示“结果是……”。 【23题详解】 句意：学会在解决问题时保持独立，是一项对未来有用的技能。根据后文“It also helps you avoid relying too much on others”，可知此处表示“独立的”，independent符合。 IV. 词性转换（共8题，每小题1分，满分8分）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 24. Tom runs much ________ (fast) than his brother. 【答案】faster 【解析】 【详解】句意：汤姆比他哥哥跑得快得多。根据“than”可知，此处应使用副词比较级，故填faster。 25. Can you give me some ________ (advice) on how to learn English well? 【答案】advice 【解析】 【详解】句意：你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗？根据“some”提示，后接不可数名词。advice为不可数名词，用原形。 26. Congratulations! You made a wise ________ (choose). 【答案】choice 【解析】 【详解】句意：祝贺你！你做出了明智的选择。根据“a wise”提示，需填可数名词单数形式作宾语。“choose”为动词，其名词形式choice“选择”符合句意。 27. There are many ________ (shelf) in the school library. 【答案】shelves 【解析】 【详解】句意：学校图书馆有很多架子。空格前的many后接可数名词复数，shelf的复数形式是shelves。 28. Today is Grandpa’s ________ (sixty) birthday. 【答案】sixtieth 【解析】 【详解】句意：今天是爷爷的六十岁生日。句中表示“第……个生日”需要用序数词，sixty的序数词形式需变y为ie再加th，故填sixtieth。 29. ________ (read) aloud in the morning is a good habit. 【答案】Reading 【解析】 【详解】句意：早上大声朗读是一个好习惯。在英语中，动词原形不能直接作主语，需要用动名词（v-ing）形式或不定式（to do）形式。此处表示一种习惯性的、抽象的动作，通常使用动名词作主语，句首单词，首字母需大写，故填Reading。 30. The man shouted ________ (angry) at the dog. 【答案】angrily 【解析】 【详解】句意：这个男人愤怒地朝狗大喊。句子成分分析可知，此处句子已完整，可填入副词修饰动词，angry的副词形式是angrily。 31. His sudden ________ (die) made everyone very sad. 【答案】death 【解析】 【详解】句意：他的突然去世让每个人都很难过。die“死亡”，动词，此处作主语，用其名词形式death“死亡”。 V. 句型转换（共7题，每空1分，满分14分）按要求完成句子，每空一词。 32. He has already finished his homework. （改为一般疑问句） ______ he finished his homework ______? 【答案】 ①. Has ②. yet 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】句意：他已经完成了他的家庭作业。现在完成时的一般疑问句需要把have/has 提前；又already和yet都表示“已经”，already用于肯定句中，yet用于否定句或疑问句中，故填Has；yet。 33. The weather today is very pleasant. (改为感叹句) ________ pleasant weather it is today! 【答案】What 【解析】 【详解】句意：今天的天气非常宜人。原句是陈述句，改为感叹句时，感叹句结构为“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”，句中weather为不可数名词，前面不能加不定冠词a。故填What。 34. Let’s go to the park this afternoon, ________ ________? (改为反意疑问句) 【答案】 ①. shall ②. we 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们今天下午去公园吧，好吗？原句是以Let’s开头的祈使句，表示建议，改为反意疑问句时，固定搭配为shall we。故填shall；we。 35. This math problem is so difficult that I can’t solve it. (改为同义句转换) This math problem is ________ difficult for me ________ solve. 【答案】 ①. too ②. to 【解析】 【详解】句意：这道数学题太难了，我解不出来。原句中“so...that...not...”意为“如此…………以至于……不能……”，可以转换为“too...to...”，意为“太……而不能……”，too后接形容词，to后接动词原形。 36. “I will return the book tomorrow,” said Tom. (改为宾语从句) Tom said that ________ ________ return the book the next day. 【答案】 ①. he ②. would 【解析】 【详解】句意：汤姆说：“我明天会把书还回来。”当主句是过去时(said) 时，宾语从句的时态需要相应地向后推移。原句中的“will” (一般将来时) 需要变为“would” (过去将来时)。同时，人称代词也要相应变化，原句中的“I” (指代Tom) 在从句中应变为“he”。故填he；would。 37. People all over the world speak English. （改为被动语态） English ________ ________ by people all over the world. 【答案】 ①. is ②. spoken 【解析】 【详解】句意：世界各地的人都说英语。原句为一般现在时主动语态，被动语态结构为：am/is/are + 过去分词。主语English是单数，故用is；speak的过去分词为spoken。 38. you, dangerous, in winter, be, if, are, driving, can, not careful （连词成句 ） _____________________________________________________________. 【答案】Driving in winter can be dangerous if you are not careful 【解析】 【详解】根据所给标点及所给词可知，本句是if引导的条件状语从句。Driving in winter是动名词结构作主语；can be是谓语部分；dangerous作表语；if you are not careful是条件状语从句。 第三部分 阅读理解（共4篇，共50分） VI. 阅读理解 A篇：阅读理解（共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 In the high-tech laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a team of engineers recently achieved a remarkable milestone. They successfully grew the first fully digital, living plant—a hybrid of a Venus flytrap and a rose—by using a revolutionary bio-engineering technique called “cyber-agriculture.” This new life form, named “Rosa Digitalis,” can not only perform photosynthesis like a normal plant but also connect to the Internet. Through sensors embedded in its leaves, it can analyze environmental data, such as air quality and soil conditions, and then send real-time reports to a cloud-based server. More astonishingly, its unique neural network allows it to learn from the data and even communicate with other “smart plants” via a low-frequency signal. While the creators believe this innovation could lead to self-regulating urban farms that require minimal human intervention, some environmentalists express concern, arguing that introducing such genetically engineered species into the natural ecosystem might have unpredictable consequences, potentially disturbing the existing natural balance and outcompeting natural plants. 39. What is the primary function of the sensors in the Rosa Digitalis’ leaves? A. To perform photosynthesis more efficiently. B. To connect the plant to the Internet. C. To gather and send environmental information. D. To communicate with other plants. 40. The phrase “cyber-agriculture” in the passage most likely refers to ________. A. growing plants in a virtual reality environment B. using computer technology to control natural plant growth C. creating new plant species that combine biology with digital technology D. an online platform for sharing agricultural techniques 41. How do the Rosa Digitalis plants communicate with each other? A. By sharing data through the cloud server. B. By using a low-frequency signal. C. Through a neural network directly linked to human brains. D. By emitting a type of light wave. 42. According to the passage, which of the following is a potential benefit of this innovation? A. It can help create farms that largely manage themselves. B. It will completely replace traditional farming. C. It can eliminate the need for natural sunlight. D. It can solve all air pollution problems. 43. What is the main concern of the environmentalists mentioned in the passage? A. The high cost of producing such plants. B. The potential threat to the natural ecological balance. C. The energy consumption of the cloud server. D. The lack of public interest in the technology. 44. The author’s attitude toward the development of “Rosa Digitalis” can best be described as ________. A. completely supportive B. strongly opposed C. objectively reporting both benefits and concerns D. indifferent and uninterested 【答案】39. C 40. C 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了麻省理工学院工程师培育出的名为“Rosa Digitalis”的数字活植物，说明了它的功能、技术原理，以及这项创新带来的潜在益处和环保人士的担忧。 【39题详解】 第二段提到“Through sensors embedded in its leaves, it can analyze environmental data, such as air quality and soil conditions, and then send real-time reports to a cloud-based server.”，说明叶片中传感器的主要功能是收集并发送环境信息。 【40题详解】 第一段提到用名为“cyber-agriculture”的生物工程技术培育出了捕蝇草和玫瑰的杂交数字活植物，结合后文植物可联网、分析数据等描述，可知该词指的是创造结合生物学与数字技术的新植物物种。 【41题详解】 第三段明确说明“its unique neural network allows it to learn from the data and even communicate with other ‘smart plants’ via a low-frequency signal.”，可知这类植物通过低频信号相互交流。 【42题详解】 第三段提到“this innovation could lead to self-regulating urban farms that require minimal human intervention”，说明这项创新的潜在益处是可以帮助创建基本能自我管理的农场。 【43题详解】 第三段提到环保人士的担忧：“introducing such genetically engineered species into the natural ecosystem might have unpredictable consequences, potentially disturbing the existing natural balance and outcompeting natural plants”，可知他们的主要担忧是对自然生态平衡的潜在威胁。 【44题详解】 作者既介绍了这项创新的功能、潜在益处，也客观呈现了环保人士的担忧，没有偏向性，因此作者的态度是客观报道利弊。 B篇：完型填空（共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The tradition of the “Gap Year” between high school and university, once popular only in Western countries, is now gaining ____45____ among Chinese students. Instead of directly entering the fierce competition of college admissions, some students choose to take a year off to travel, volunteer, or pursue a personal project. Proponents (支持者) argue that this experience can ____46____ a student’s perspective, fostering independence and a clearer sense of purpose. For example, volunteering to teach in a rural area might inspire a student to ____47____ a career in education, while traveling abroad could improve their language skills and adaptability. However, this practice is not without its ____48____ in a society like China. The most significant one is the intense social pressure to follow the “normal” timeline. Many parents worry that a gap year is a waste of precious time, putting their child at a disadvantage compared to their peers who go straight to university. ____49____, there is the risk that the year becomes an unstructured “do-nothing” period without clear goals, leading to a loss of academic momentum (动力). To be successful, a gap year requires careful planning and self-discipline. Experts suggest that students should have a ____50____ plan with specific milestones, rather than just a vague idea of “finding themselves”. If well-structured, this break can be a valuable opportunity for personal growth; if not, it might become a ____51____ that is hard to correct. 45. A. loss B. popularity C. control D. access 46. A. narrow B. limit C. broaden D. check 47. A. abandon B. pursue C. reject D. interrupt 48. A. benefits B. supporters C. examples D. drawbacks 49. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. However 50. A. concrete B. flexible C. daily D. financial 51. A. success B. memory C. lesson D. setback 【答案】45. B 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了“间隔年”这一现象。 【45题详解】 句意：高中和大学之间的“间隔年”传统曾经只在西方国家流行，现在在中国学生中越来越受欢迎。 根据“once popular only in Western countries”可知，“间隔年”曾经只在西方国家流行，现在在中国也越来越受欢迎，popularity“受欢迎；流行”。loss“损失”、control“控制”和access“通道”均不符合。 【46题详解】 句意：支持者认为，这种经历可以拓宽学生的视野，培养独立性和更清晰的目标感。 宾语为“学生的视野”，根据“fostering independence and a clearer sense of purpose”可知，此处填的词应是褒义，broaden“拓宽”符合。narrow“使窄小”、limit“限制”和check“检查”均不符合。 【47题详解】 句意：例如，自愿在农村地区任教可能会激励学生从事教育事业，而出国旅行可以提高他们的语言技能和适应能力。 宾语为“教育事业”，此处是支持者的观点，应该是这会激励学生从事教育事业，pursue“追求；从事”。abandon“放弃”、reject“拒绝”和interrupt“打断”均不符合。 【48题详解】 句意：然而，在中国这样的社会，这种做法并非没有缺点。 上文是支持者的观点，此处表示转折，应是说“间隔年”也有缺点，drawbacks“缺点”。benefits“好处”、supporters“支持者”和examples“例子”均不符合。 【49题详解】 句意：此外，这一年有可能成为一个没有明确目标的无组织的“无所事事”时期，导致学术动力的丧失。 上文提到许多家长担心间隔年会浪费时间，此处又担心会丧失学术动力，表示补充说明，用Furthermore“此外”。Otherwise“否则”、Therefore“因此”和However“然而”均不符合。 【50题详解】 句意：专家建议，学生应该有一个具体的计划，包含具体的阶段性目标，而不仅仅是一个模糊的“找到自己”的想法。 根据“rather than just a vague idea”可知，与“模糊的”相反的应是“具体、详细的”，concrete“具体的”。flexible“灵活的”、daily“日常的”和financial“金融的”均不符合。 【51题详解】 句意：如果结构合理，这次休息可以成为个人成长的宝贵机会；否则，这可能会成为一个难以纠正的挫折。 根据“If well-structured, this break can be a valuable opportunity for personal growth”可知，结构合理就是正面反馈，反之则是负面的，此处应填贬义词，setback“挫折；阻碍”符合。success“成功”、memory“记忆”和lesson“课程；经验”均不符合。 C篇：首字母填空（共7空；每空2分，满分14分） 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。 Imagine a world where your refrigerator can order milk before you run out, and your washing machine schedules its own repair when it detects a fault. This is not science fiction but the promise of the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT refers to the network of physical devices—from home appliances to city traffic lights—that are e____52____ with sensors and software to connect and exchange data over the internet. While this technology offers incredible convenience, it also raises a s____53____ privacy concern. Every “smart” device collects data about your habits, preferences, and daily routines. For i____54____, your smart TV knows what you watch, and your fitness tracker knows your heart rate. When all this data is combined, a very detailed personal p____55____ can be created. A major risk is that this information could be accessed by unauthorized parties. H____56____ attacks on IoT devices are becoming increasingly common, as many of these devices lack basic security features. To address this, experts recommend that users take proactive steps. They should r____57____ change default passwords and ensure their home network is secure. In the future, the c____58____ between convenience and security will be a defining challenge of our increasingly connected world. 【答案】52. equipped##quipped 53. serious##erious 54. instance##nstance 55. profile##rofile 56. Hacker##acker 57. regularly##egularly 58. conflict##onflict 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了物联网（IoT）这一技术概念，阐述了其给生活带来的便利、引发的隐私与安全隐患，以及专家给出的应对建议，探讨了便利与安全之间的平衡问题。 【52题详解】 句意：物联网指的是物理设备的网络——从家用电器到城市交通灯——这些设备配备了传感器和软件，可以通过互联网连接和交换数据。根据句意，设备是“被装备”了传感器，be equipped with是固定搭配，意为“配备有……”。首字母为e，故填equipped。 【53题详解】 句意：虽然这项技术提供了难以置信的便利，但它也引发了一个严重的隐私问题。此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“privacy concern”（隐私问题）。根据上下文提到的风险，这是一个“严重的”问题。首字母为s，故填serious。 【54题详解】 句意：例如，你的智能电视知道你看了什么，你的健身追踪器知道你的心率。for instance是固定短语，意为“例如”，用来举例说明前面的观点。首字母为i，故填instance。 【55题详解】 句意：当所有这些数据被整合在一起时，就可以创建非常详细的个人资料。根据前文收集的各种个人数据（习惯、偏好、心率等），整合后会形成一个“个人档案/资料”。首字母为p，故填profile。 【56题详解】 句意：针对物联网设备的黑客攻击正变得越来越普遍，因为许多这些设备缺乏基本的安全功能。根据后文提到的“unauthorized parties”（未经授权的方）和缺乏安全功能，这里指的是“黑客攻击”。Hacker attacks意为“黑客攻击”。首字母为H，句首需大写。 【57题详解】 句意：他们应该定期更改默认密码并确保家庭网络安全。此处需要一个副词来修饰动词change。为了安全，密码需要“定期地”更改。首字母为r，故填regularly。 【58题详解】 句意：未来，便利与安全之间的冲突将是我们日益互联的世界面临的一个决定性挑战。文章讨论了便利性和安全性之间的矛盾关系，这是一种“冲突”或“矛盾”。首字母为c，故填conflict。 D篇：根据短文内容回答问题（共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分） 阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。请注意第6题的要求。 “Forest bathing,” or Shinrin-yoku, is a Japanese practice that involves immersing oneself in a forest atmosphere. It is not exercise, hiking, or jogging. It is simply being in nature, connecting with it through our senses of sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch. The practice began in Japan in the 1980s as a way to combat the high levels of stress and burnout among tech workers. Since then, studies have shown that a two-hour forest bathing session can have measurable health benefits. It has been proven to lower heart rate and blood pressure, reduce the production of the stress hormone cortisol, and boost the immune system. The secret, scientists believe, lies in “phytoncides”, which are natural oils released by trees and plants. When people breathe in these compounds, their bodies increase the number and activity of a type of white blood cell called natural killer (NK) cells, which help fight off infections and even cancer. In our modern, urbanized world, where people spend over 90% of their time indoors, the practice of forest bathing offers a simple, accessible, and powerful antidote to the pressures of daily life. It reminds us that a basic connection to the natural world is not a luxury, but a necessity for our well-being. 59. Is forest bathing the same as going for a fast-paced hike in the woods? ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 60. According to the passage, what was the original purpose of starting the practice of forest bathing in Japan in the 1980s? ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 61. How long does a forest bathing session need to last to produce measurable health benefits? ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 62. How do phytoncides affect the human body to help fight illness? ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 63. According to the passage, why does the author call forest bathing “a necessity” for modern people? ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 64. Do you think schools in big cities should include regular “nature time” or forest bathing activities in their curriculum? (Give your opinion and explain why or why not.) ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】59. No. 60. The original purpose was to combat the high levels of stress and burnout among tech workers. 61. A two-hour forest bathing session. 62. They increase the number and activity of natural killer (NK) cells in the human body. 63. Because modern people spend over 90% of their time indoors and are under great pressure from daily life, so the author believes connecting with nature is a necessity for their well-being, not a luxury. 64. Yes, I think they should. Because it can help students relieve stress from heavy schoolwork, improve their mental and physical health, and teach them to appreciate nature. /No, I don’t think it’s necessary. Because the school curriculum is already very tight, and adding such activities might be difficult to organize. Students can also connect with nature on weekends with their families. （任何言之成理的观点均可） 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了日本“森林浴”的定义、起源、健康益处，并强调它是应对现代生活压力、维持人们身心健康的必要方式。 【59题详解】 文章第一段“It is not exercise, hiking, or jogging. It is simply being in nature, connecting with it through our senses of sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch.”明确说明森林浴不是徒步或慢跑，和快节奏的徒步不同。 【60题详解】 第一段“The practice began in Japan in the 1980s as a way to combat the high levels of stress and burnout among tech workers.”直接给出答案：这一活动于20世纪80年代在日本的兴起最初是为了缓解科技工作者的高压和倦怠。 【61题详解】 第二段“Since then, studies have shown that a two-hour forest bathing session can have measurable health benefits.”明确给出时长：一次两小时的森林浴能带来可衡量的健康益处。 【62题详解】 原文“The secret, scientists believe, lies in ‘phytoncides’, which are natural oils released by trees and plants.”和整个第三段提到“植物杀菌素”是树木和植物释放的天然油脂，当人们吸入这些化合物时，身体会增加一种名为自然杀伤细胞的白细胞的数量和活性，这类细胞有助于抵抗感染甚至癌症。 【63题详解】 根据“In our modern, urbanized world, where people…to the pressures of daily life.”可知现代人90%以上的时间都在室内度过，森林浴这一活动为日常生活的压力提供了一种简单、易得且有效的缓解方式。 【64题详解】 此题为开放题，言之有理即可。注意首先对一般疑问句进行回答：Yes, I think they should.或No, I don’t think it’s necessary.，再来给出对应的理由。 XI. 书信或邮件写作（共20分） 65. 情境： 假设你是李华。你的英国笔友Ben给你发来一封邮件，提到他最近感到非常焦虑。他马上要参加一项重要的全国性中学考试，每天学习超过10个小时，睡眠严重不足，周末还要参加补习班。他感觉自己像一台“学习机器”，失去了生活的乐趣。他向你寻求帮助和建议。 任务： 请你给他回复一封英文邮件（约60-80词）。在邮件中，你必须： 1. 表示理解他的感受。 2. 分析这种高压学习方式可能带来的两个负面后果（例如：对健康、学习效率的影响）。 3. 提出至少两条具体、可行的建议，帮助他缓解焦虑，平衡学习与生活。 要求： 语言得体，逻辑清晰，观点积极向上。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Dear Ben, I was really worried to hear about the stress you’re going through with your upcoming exams. First, it leads to serious sleep deprivation, which harms your memory and concentration. Second, it can cause burnout, making you feel exhausted and unable to learn efficiently. To break this cycle, I have two suggestions. Don’t give up your hobbies. Spending just 30 minutes on something you enjoy, like playing football or drawing, can greatly reduce your anxiety. Establish a reasonable schedule. Best wishes, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：回复邮件，属于应用文，语气需亲切、支持性，用一般现在时为主。 明确要点：理解感受、分析两个负面后果、提出两条具体建议。 确定人称：第一人称（I/my）和第二人称（you/your）。 注意事项：词数控制在60-80词，语言得体，观点积极。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：表达对Ben焦虑情绪的理解和同情。 主体段：分析高压学习的两个负面后果（如睡眠不足影响健康和学习效率、导致倦怠）。 结尾段：提出具体建议（如保留爱好、合理安排时间），鼓励他平衡学习与生活。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：理解感受 表达同情：I was really worried to hear about.../I understand how you feel... 共情语句：It’s normal to feel stressed before exams, but... 要点二：负面后果 健康影响：sleep deprivation（睡眠不足）、harms your memory and concentration（损害记忆力和专注力）。 学习效率：cause burnout（导致倦怠）、unable to learn efficiently（无法高效学习）。 要点三：具体建议 保留爱好：Don’t give up your hobbies. Spending 30 minutes on something you enjoy... 合理作息：Ensure 7-8 hours of sleep daily. Take short breaks during study sessions. 运动放松：Try light exercise like walking or yoga to relax your mind. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $