精品解析：北京市东城区2025-2026学年度第二学期高三综合练习(一) 英语试题

北京市东城区2025-2026学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一） 英 语 本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Having braved a Chicago snowstorm and rush-hour traffic, I dragged my large suitcase through the ____1____. There were people, bags, packages, babies, and sour faces. Three hours. That’s how long my flight was delayed. The only seats near my gate were next to other people, and I was ____2____ other people. I sat on the floor, folded my arms across my chest and ____3____ a look of quiet anger. Nearby, a lady with a shopping bag took a seat next to another lady with a shopping bag from the same store. The first one introduced herself, opened her bag and rooted through tissue paper. “25% off!” she said, taking out a bowl. “33% off!” said the other, ____4____ a plate. They laughed and started chattering away. The sound of such insincere company was deeply ____5____. A passenger looking like a businessman sat behind them and said something. The ladies erupted in laughter. Soon, a purple-haired young man pulled off his earphones and started listening in. This happy group had a ____6____ conversation going. Must be nice, I allowed. If you like that shallow ____7____. After an hour, my back hurt. I got up and took the seat next to the young man, who was telling a funny joke. The businessman caught my eye and said, “Don’t I know you from somewhere?” We ____8____ travel notes and found no intersections. He invited me in anyway. I had to exchange stories with them: Forgotten luggage. Epic delays. Missed connections. ____9____, something warm was taking place: we were stuck but having a really great time. It was three hours more before our plane arrived. When it came time to board, we walked slowly behind our fellow travelers. The young man carried the two ladies’ bags. We were quiet now, having no idea what to say. One of the ladies broke the silence: “Do you think we should have a ____10____ sometime?” 1. A. city B. airport C. shops D. streets 2. A. out of touch with B. in doubt about C. on poor terms with D. in no mood for 3. A. changed B. adopted C. caught D. expected 4. A. cleaning out B. digging out C. giving out D. cutting out 5. A. annoying B. heartbreaking C. harmful D. disappointing 6. A. meaningful B. refreshing C. serious D. regular 7. A. opinion B. trust C. friendship D. understanding 8. A. compared B. collected C. consulted D. updated 9. A. Similarly B. Predictably C. Interestingly D. Logically 10. A. conversation B. flight C. reunion D. wish 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在机场因航班延误心情烦躁，后被一群陌生人的愉快交流感染，最终与他们建立起短暂却温暖的友谊的故事。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：冒着芝加哥的暴风雪和高峰期交通，我拖着大箱子穿过机场。A. city城市；B. airport机场；C. shops商店；D. streets街道。根据后文“my flight was delayed”可知，地点是机场。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我登机口附近仅有的座位都挨着别人，而我没心情理会别人。A. out of touch with与……失去联系；B. in doubt about对……怀疑；C. on poor terms with与……关系不好；D. in no mood for对……没兴致。根据前文“Three hours. That’s how long my flight was delayed.”及后文“I sat on the floor”和“quiet anger”可知，作者航班延误，心情极差，不想与人接触。故选D。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在地上，双臂交叉抱在胸前，摆出一副平静愤怒的表情。A. changed改变；B. adopted采取，呈现；C. caught抓住；D. expected期待。根据后文“a look of quiet anger”可知，作者摆出一副平静愤怒的表情，“adopt a look”为固定搭配，意为“摆出 / 呈现某种表情”。故选B。 【4题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：另一位女士掏出一个盘子说道：“（打了）六七折！”A. cleaning out清理；B. digging out挖出，翻出；C. giving out分发；D. cutting out切断。根据前文对应 “rooted through tissue paper”可知，此处表示同样从包里翻出物品。故选B。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种虚假的陪伴声让人深感恼火。A. annoying令人恼怒的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的；C. harmful有害的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据前文“a look of quiet anger”及““25% off!” she said”和““33% off!” said the other”和“The sound of such insincere company”可知，作者当时心情极差，且认为她们的交流不真诚，因此觉得很烦人。故选A。 【6题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个快乐的群体展开了一场令人耳目一新的交谈。A. meaningful有意义的；B. refreshing令人耳目一新的；C. serious严肃的；D. regular日常的的。根据前文“A passenger looking like a businessman sat behind them and said something. The ladies erupted in laughter. Soon, a purple-haired young man pulled off his earphones and started listening in.”可知，两个陌生女士闲聊，商务男士插话，紫发青年摘下耳机加入旁听、搭话。讲述了一群陌生人凑在一起，开始了日常的闲聊。故选D。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我心想，那一定不错吧 —— 如果你喜欢这种肤浅的友谊。A. opinion观点；B. trust信任；C. friendship友谊；D. understanding理解。根据前文“A passenger looking like a businessman sat behind them and said something”及“Soon, a purple-haired young man pulled off his earphones and started listening in”可知，作者看到陌生人迅速热络聊天，认为这种快速建立的关系是表面、不牢固的，即肤浅的。故选C。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们比对了旅行信息，发现（行程）没有交集。A. compared比较，比对；B. collected收集；C. consulted咨询；D. updated更新。根据前文““Don’t I know you from somewhere?””及后文“found no intersections”可知，二人对比、交流了旅行信息。故选A。 【9题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，一些温暖的事情正在发生：我们被困住了，却玩得很开心。A. Similarly相似地；B. Predictably可预见地；C. Interestingly有趣地是；D. Logically逻辑上。根据前文“The sound of such insincere company was deeply ”及后文“we were stuck but having a really great time”可知，作者从一开始的抗拒、不屑，到后来融入其中并感到快乐，这种转变很有趣。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一位女士打破沉默：“我们以后是不是该聚一聚？”A. conversation对话；B. flight航班；C. reunion团聚，聚会；D. wish愿望。根据前文“When it came time to board”可知，众人因延误结下友谊，分别时提议未来再次见面。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One day when a group of bees ____11____ (land) on a primary school, not surprisingly, there was panic among the teachers. Though, most of the children watched excitedly as a bee catcher rounded up the uninvited visitors. This unexpected event led to the school integrating beekeeping into the course, ____12____ has resulted in notable benefits. The children study the dance of the bees to decide ____13____ honey source is. They use honey in cooking lessons. They have even opened a school shop that ____14____ (feature) honey. Most of all, the children have become more responsible to others. 【答案】11. landed 12. which 13. where 14. features 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一群蜜蜂降落在一所小学后，引发的一系列事件，以及这些事件给学校和孩子们带来的积极影响。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：一天，当一群蜜蜂降落在一所小学时，不出所料，老师们惊慌失措。land(降落)是句中谓语动词，与主语a group of bees之间是主动关系，根据句意和上下文时态可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填landed。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这一意外事件促使学校将养蜂纳入课程，这带来了显著的好处。空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 【13题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：孩子们通过观察蜜蜂的舞蹈来判断蜜源在哪里。“ honey source is”是宾语从句，从句缺少表语，结合句意，表示“在哪里”，应用连接副词where引导该从句。故填where。 【14题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他们甚至开了一家以蜂蜜为特色的学校商店。feature(以……为特色)是定语从句中谓语动词，主语that(指代先行词a school shop)与feature之间是主动关系，根据句意，描述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。故填features。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Spacesuits are important if you leave Earth’s protective atmosphere. Spacesuits should allow excellent ____15____ (free) of movement for the wearers, who may often go on spacewalks outside their ship to perform delicate equipment repairs all by ____16____ (they). It also helps that the spacesuit is quick to put on in case of an emergency. And it should provide a full life-support system to maintain internal air and temperature as well as attend to the needs of food, water and other bodily functions. Over the years, various spacesuits ____17____ (design) to meet these criteria. 【答案】15. freedom 16. themselves 17. have been designed 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了宇航服在太空活动中的重要作用，以及它需要具备的活动自由度、生命支持系统等关键要求，还有多年来为此设计出的各类宇航服。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：宇航服应当让穿戴者拥有极佳的活动自由度，他们经常需要在飞船外进行太空行走，独自完成精密的设备维修。形容词excellent后需要接名词，free的名词形式是freedom，表示抽象概念是不可数名词。作宾语。故填freedom。 【16题详解】 考查反身代词。句意同上。固定短语all by oneself表示“独自，单独”，此处指代wearers，应用第三人称复数反身代词。故填themselves。 【17题详解】 考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：多年来，人们已经设计出了各种各样的宇航服来满足这些标准。时间状语Over the years常与现在完成时连用，且spacesuits与design之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语spacesuits是复数。故填have been designed。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 ____18____ (lead) a satisfying life, it’s not necessary for me to pursue grand experiences; instead, the small, everyday joys hold the most value. Whether it’s enjoying a cup of tea or sharing a laugh with friends, these moments contribute to my sense of well-being. Through ____19____ (appreciate) these small pleasures I feel more connected to the world and enhance my sense of happiness. These simple pleasures can be found in our daily routines, from the sights and sounds of nature to the warmth of human connection. If we integrate these small joys into our life, we will develop greater enthusiasm ____20____ the present. 【答案】18. To lead 19. appreciating 20. for 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者表达了自己对生活态度的思考，认为生活中简单的小快乐更有价值。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：要过上令人满意的生活，我不必追求那些宏大的经历；相反，那些日常的小乐趣才最有价值。该空所给动词lead在句中作目的状语，应使用动词不定式形式，并注意句首字母大写。故填To lead。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：通过感恩这些小小的快乐，我感觉与这个世界的关系更加紧密，也增强了我的幸福感。所给动词appreciate在句中作介词through的宾语，应使用动名词形式。故填appreciating。 【20题详解】 考查介词。句意：如果我们将这些小乐趣融入到生活中，我们就会对当下产生更大的热情。名词enthusiasm搭配介词for……表示“对……的热情”作后置定语。故填for。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A We are looking for 15 international and 15 Chinese young participants for the upcoming edition of the course Managing World Heritage: People, Nature, and Culture. This course specifically targets young individuals working at a specific cultural or natural World Heritage property, or institutions with responsibilities related to managing World Heritage properties. Applications are open to all regions. What is the content of the course? The course provides a general overview of what constitutes a world heritage management system, enabling participants to assess its effectiveness in a rapidly changing world. During the course, participants will be introduced to key tools and resources to improve management, planning, and decision-making processes at World Heritage properties and other heritage places. Participants will also share their professional experience and learn from each other. Where will the course take place? The course will take place in Suzhou, China, from 15 to 21 September 2026. Participants will have the chance to visit and learn more about the management of the World Heritage property and gain insight into the Chinese World Heritage management system. What are the costs of participation? There is no course fee. Participants will be responsible for their round-trip travel costs to and from Suzhou, China and any visa costs. Accommodations, meals and transportation will be provided by local organizers. How to apply for this course? Please submit your application by 31 July 2026. The application process is as follows: ● complete the online application form in English ● upload a personal photo ● upload your profile which highlights your most relevant experience (in English; maximum two pages) If you have any questions, please email us at whl@PNC26.org. 21. Who is the course intended for? A. International students. B. Heritage professionals. C. Cultural product designers. D. Management column editors. 22. What will the participants do during the course? A. Learn about professional tools. B. Share occupational resources. C. Assess the world heritage sites. D. Carry out management practices. 23. To apply for the course, one is required to ________. A. submit a profile with a photo B. introduce related experience C. write an application letter online D. send an email to whl@PNC26.org 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“管理世界遗产：人、自然与文化”课程的相关信息，包括目标学员、课程内容、举办地点、费用以及申请方式等。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This course specifically targets young individuals working at a specific cultural or natural World Heritage property, or institutions with responsibilities related to managing World Heritage properties. (本课程专门面向在特定文化或自然世界遗产地工作，或在负责世界遗产地管理的机构中工作的年轻人士)”可知，该课程的目标学员是在遗产地工作的专业人士。故选B项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“What is the content of the course?”部分中“During the course, participants will be introduced to key tools and resources to improve management, planning, and decision-making processes at World Heritage properties and other heritage places. (在课程期间，参与者将了解关键的工具和资源，以改善世界遗产地和其他遗产地的管理、规划和决策过程)”可知，参与者将在课程期间学习专业工具和资源。故选A项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“How to apply for this course?”部分中“The application process is as follows: ·complete the online application form in English ·upload a personal photo ·upload your profile which highlights your most relevant experience (in English; maximum two pages) (申请流程如下：·填写英文在线申请表 ·上传个人照片 ·上传突出你最相关经历的简历（英文；最多两页）)”可知，申请该课程需要提交介绍相关经历的简历。故选B项。 B Glancing at the author’s copy of the book on the desk, I am reminded of how long it has taken to get to this point as I am confirming the arrangements for one of the promotional events scheduled for my fourth non-fiction work on art. I actually started professional writing fairly late in life, after working for the local council for many years. Although I was into literature, it was for personal enjoyment. During my teenage years I sometimes wrote for the school magazine, just for fun. Later, this interest developed into a stronger desire for recognition, and, I’d spend months typing texts and sending them off to magazines and publishers, anxiously awaiting a response that often never came. I have also had a passion for art. Wandering around galleries is an absolute pleasure for me, although I don’t have an artistic bone in my body, unlike my twin sister, Louisa, who is remarkably gifted and has launched a career as an artist. One evening she called to say she was struggling with the text for an upcoming exhibition brochure and asked if I could give her a hand. I warned her that I’d give it a try. Later that evening I managed to produce something that I thought might be acceptable and emailed it to her. It was a real success and set the wheels in motion to turn my dream into a reality. One of the guests at the opening night was an editor working for an online arts magazine. Having been impressed by my piece describing the exhibition in the brochure, she managed to track me down, first by contacting the gallery and then my sister. Well, to be honest, I didn’t know what to think and the prospect of meeting with her filled me with fear. Questions came flooding through my mind and I immediately messaged my sister, who strongly urged me to seize the opportunity. So I fired off an acceptance email before I had the opportunity to change my mind again. Over the following months I devoted every spare moment of my time to attending exhibitions and crafting commentary articles on the region’s artists. I have to admit that the whole thing was exciting. My brain was constantly filled with ideas, and I enjoyed watching them take shape as I typed into the night on my laptop. After that first summer, I was hooked on writing about art, which was so enjoyable and satisfying. Definitely, it was what I should be doing. 24. When the author was young, she ______. A. had a talent for art B. ran a school magazine C. found writing interesting D. won recognition from publishers 25. Receiving her sister’s request for help, the author was ______. A. cautious B. touched C. relieved D. uninterested 26. What finally encouraged the author to accept the editor’s offer? A. Her passion for art. B. Confidence from success. C. The editor’s enthusiasm. D. The push from her sister. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Every end is a fresh beginning. B. Talent is born from consistent effort. C. Unexpected turns in life may bring gifts. D. Lifelong learning leads to personal growth. 【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从为个人兴趣写作到因偶然机会为妹妹撰写展览文案，从而开启了艺术写作职业生涯的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“During my teenage years I sometimes wrote for the school magazine, just for fun. (在我青少年时期，我有时为校刊写作，只是为了好玩)”可知，作者年轻时觉得写作很有趣。故选C项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“One evening she called to say she was struggling with the text for an upcoming exhibition brochure and asked if I could give her a hand. I warned her that I’d give it a try. (一天晚上，她打电话来，说她正在为即将出版的展览宣传册的文字苦苦挣扎，问我能否帮她一把。我提醒她我会试一试)”可知，作者在答应帮助妹妹时有所保留，态度是谨慎的。故选A项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“I immediately messaged my sister, who strongly urged me to seize the opportunity. So I fired off an acceptance email before I had the opportunity to change my mind again. (我立刻给妹妹发了信息，她强烈敦促我抓住这个机会。于是我趁自己还没来得及再次改变主意，火速发出了接受邮件)”可知，最终鼓励作者接受编辑邀请的是来自妹妹的推动。故选D项。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段中“I don’t have an artistic bone in my body, unlike my twin sister, Louisa, who is remarkably gifted and has launched a career as an artist. (与我的双胞胎妹妹Louisa不同，我没有任何艺术天赋，她却极具天赋并开启了艺术家的职业生涯)”、第五段中“One of the guests at the opening night was an editor working for an online arts magazine. Having been impressed by my piece describing the exhibition in the brochure, she managed to track me down (开幕之夜的一位嘉宾是一家在线艺术杂志的编辑。她被我在宣传册中描述展览的文章所打动，设法找到了我)”和第六段中“After that first summer, I was hooked on writing about art, which was so enjoyable and satisfying. Definitely, it was what I should be doing. (在那个夏天之后，我迷上了艺术写作，这是如此令人愉快和满足。毫无疑问，这正是我应该做的事情)”可知，作者原本没有艺术天赋和写作职业背景，却因帮助妹妹撰写展览文案而偶然获得编辑赏识，最终走上了艺术写作的职业道路。这表明人生中意想不到的转折可能会带来惊喜的礼物。故C项“Unexpected turns in life may bring gifts. (人生中意想不到的转折可能会带来礼物)”能概括文章内容，最适合作为本文的主旨。故选C项。 C Whom would you trust more: an expert who seems to have all of the answers or one who admits what he doesn’t know? We have spent the past five years studying that question. Our research was sparked by a tension we both noticed early in our academic careers. Our graduate studies made us deeply aware of how little we knew about our respective research areas, even as we developed specialized knowledge in these fields. Scholars call this particular variety of self-awareness “intellectual humility”, and it’s something we suspect many experts encounter as they transition into a new role. On the other hand, barely anyone seemed to expect us to be intellectually humble in our then new positions. People seemed to engage with us as know-it-all, capital-E experts who could confidently answer any questions that were even remotely related to our specialties. The scariest part was that we could have easily exploited these opportunities to share our opinions on topics well beyond our expertise. These experiences got us thinking about intellectual humility among experts, which is linked with many desirable behaviors, including considering others’ perspectives, and being better at conflict resolution. Conversely, when experts claim to know more than they actually do, this is not only the abandonment of trust but also potentially disastrous in terms of promoting public conversation. Given these high stakes, we designed a series of studies to understand how people think about expertise. We asked 100 participants to freely describe their understanding of expertise, analyzed about 200 related posts on the Internet, and asked 700 online participants to tackle a word sorting task in which they identified and grouped different terms such as “knowledge” or “qualifications” into broader perspectives on expertise. The results suggested that most people assume that exceptional knowledge is a defining feature of expertise. The thought that expertise is defined by solving problems and getting results was also a repeated tendency. At first glance, there’s nothing wrong with using qualifications and a demonstrated record of overcoming problems to examine someone’s position as an expert. On second thought, these understandings of expertise may leave some people defenseless to perceiving expertise in those who only appear to know their stuff. These people are expected to move from simplistic understandings of what makes an expert to more thoughtful ones. In future research, we want to see if it’s possible to create more substantial changes in how people understand expertise — changes that last for weeks, months and potentially years. It remains to be confirmed whether helping people prize intellectual humility in experts might make them better at detecting when someone is overstepping beyond the boundaries of their expertise, and accordingly ensure that humble experts, who are aware of and admit the limits of their expertise, are there to help humanity address our world’s most pressing challenges. 28. As for people’s perception of experts, the author is ______. A. supportive B. puzzled C. tolerant D. sceptical 29. What can be inferred about the results of present studies? A. Expertise encourages a know-it-all mindset. B. Experts fail to live up to people’s expectation. C. Intellectual humility springs from public belief. D. Problem-solving ability ranks high in expertise. 30. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Humility among experts should be promoted. B. A better model to assess humility is expected. C. Refining judgment on experts needs continued exploration. D. Tackling urgent issues relies on humble experts’ joint efforts. 【答案】28. D 29. D 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了人们对专家的认知方式，指出人们通常认为专业知识是专家的核心特征，而忽略了“智力谦逊”的重要性，并呼吁进一步研究如何帮助人们更全面地理解专家品质。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“The results suggested that most people assume that exceptional knowledge is a defining feature of expertise. The thought that expertise is defined by solving problems and getting results was also a repeated tendency.(结果表明，大多数人认为卓越的知识是专业知识的决定性特征。认为专业知识是通过解决问题和取得成果来定义的这一想法也是一种反复出现的倾向)”以及第六段中“On second thought, these understandings of expertise may leave some people defenseless to perceiving expertise in those who only appear to know their stuff. These people are expected to move from simplistic understandings of what makes an expert to more thoughtful ones.(再一想，这些对专业知识的理解可能会让一些人在面对那些只是看似懂行的人时，无法辨别其真正的专业水平。这些人应该从对专家特质的简单化理解转向更深思熟虑的理解)”可知，作者认为人们目前对专家的认知过于简单化(只看重知识)，容易被表面现象迷惑，需要转向更深入的思考。由此可推断出作者对人们当前认知专家的方式持怀疑态度。。故选D项。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“The results suggested that most people assume that exceptional knowledge is a defining feature of expertise. The thought that expertise is defined by solving problems and getting results was also a repeated tendency.(结果表明，大多数人认为卓越的知识是专业知识的决定性特征。认为专业知识是由解决问题和取得成果来定义的观点也是一种反复出现的倾向)”可知，研究结果表明，大多数人认为专业知识是通过解决问题和取得成果来定义的，由此可推知，解决问题的能力在专业知识中排名很高。故选D项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In future research, we want to see if it’s possible to create more substantial changes in how people understand expertise — changes that last for weeks, months and potentially years. It remains to be confirmed whether helping people prize intellectual humility in experts might make them better at detecting when someone is overstepping beyond the boundaries of their expertise (在未来的研究中，我们想探究是否有可能让人们对专业知识的理解发生更实质性的改变——这种改变能持续数周、数月甚至数年。帮助人们重视专家身上的智识谦逊，是否能使他们更善于察觉有人何时超越了自己的专业边界，这仍有待证实)”可知，作者指出关于如何改变人们对专家的认知以及智力谦逊的作用仍需进一步研究和证实，说明完善对专家的判断需要持续探索。故选C项。 D Rewilding is a simple concept: areas of wilderness are identified for restoration, native animals and plants are reintroduced, and natural processes take over. The term was coined in the 1990s. Much like nature, language undergoes continuous transformation. To some, rewilding now incorporates the idea of building “corridors” so that species can cross from one area of wilderness to another, as they would have done in pre-human times. To others, it is about letting “natural chaos” take over, meaning any human interference is prohibited. Why might the average person be drawn to the idea of rewilding? Many hold that nostalgia is behind it. The fact is that most of us can’t say, “Where did all those Red Admiral butterflies go, that were once so common in my back garden?” We cannot recall things that are beyond living memory, let alone a time when wild pigs and deer ran through forests. Indeed, we need not be remotely sentimental (多愁善感) to see why biodiversity is desirable. There are numerous benefits to rewilding, such as restoring natural biodiversity and improving the ecological resilience of damaged landscapes. Actually, at the most pragmatic level, without healthy ecosystems, our crops will fail and obviously we will not survive. A workable food chain must start with pollinators, such as bees and hoverflies. Intensive farming, however, has largely removed the wildflowers they feed on and turned much of our landscape into lifeless soil. Only by reintroducing missing insects, plants and animals can we reverse this trend. The idea of rewilding has certainly caught the public eye, and journalists have played their part in this. Some have warned about the potential terrible consequences. Others have showered praise on the plan of releasing beavers back into streams. Devoting attention to efforts like these is no bad thing, yet rewilding is something different altogether: an entire ecosystem becoming self-regulatory and self-sustaining. Furthermore, if the public are to be persuaded of the benefits of rewilding, they must be confident that journalists are providing the full picture. In Spain’s Guadarrama hills, for example, wolves’ return brings conservation joy but raises local concerns over lost sheep and cattle. Honest discussion about this kind of issue is required. Rewilding projects, it has to be said, do not always go as planned. The idea that we should allow nature to reclaim parts of our landscape is far more divisive than say, any proposal for reducing plastic waste or tackling the illegal wildlife trade. Few people would be blind to the advantages of limiting plastic consumption or argue against protecting elephants. Yet not so long ago, no-one gave a second thought to these things. It took the incredible efforts of a few passionate, principled individuals to educate the majority of us through long campaigning and evidence-based argument. Hopefully, fifty years from now, with ecosystems flourishing again, people will question why our generation ever saw rewilding as debated. 31. Why does the author mention Red Admiral butterflies? A. To contradict a claim. B. To justify a comparison. C. To challenge a convention. D. To illustrate an assumption. 32. What does the word “pragmatic” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Complex. B. Precise. C. Advanced. D. Practical. 33. As for rewilding, which would the author agree with? A. The media play a major role in its progress. B. Objective reporting facilitates its promotion. C. Public concern about it shapes media coverage. D. Disagreement among journalists outweighs agreement. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Rewilding: One Step at a Time B. Rewilding: Back to the Unknown C. Rewilding: A Race against Limits D. Rewilding: The Recall of the Wild 【答案】31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了“再野生化”这一概念，包括其定义、公众对其的看法、好处以及面临的挑战，同时强调了客观报道在推动“再野生化”进程中的重要性。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Why might the average person be drawn to the idea of rewilding? Many hold that nostalgia is behind it. The fact is that most of us can’t say, “Where did all those Red Admiral butterflies go, that were once so common in my back garden?” We cannot recall things that are beyond living memory, let alone a time when wild pigs and deer ran through forests. Indeed, we need not be remotely sentimental (多愁善感) to see why biodiversity is desirable.(为什么普通人会被“再野生化”的想法所吸引?许多人认为这背后是怀旧情绪。事实上，我们大多数人都说不出：“那些曾经在我家后院很常见的红蛱蝶都到哪里去了?”我们无法回忆起超出个人记忆范畴的事情，更不用说那些野猪和鹿在森林中穿梭的年代了。实际上，我们无需有丝毫的伤感情绪，就能明白为什么生物多样性是值得珍视的。)”可知，很多人认为普通人向往荒野重建，原因是怀旧。作者紧接着举例红蛱蝶：我们甚至都说不出曾经后院随处可见的这种蝴蝶去哪了，我们根本记不起活着的人记忆之外的物种，更别说远古的野兽。后半句转折说明我们根本不需要多愁善感、不需要怀旧，也能明白生物多样性的价值。因此推断作者提到红蛱蝶是为了说明作者举蝴蝶例子，不是证明怀旧论，而是反驳 “人们是出于怀旧才支持野化重建” 这个观点。故选A项。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。划线词前文“There are numerous benefits to rewilding, such as restoring natural biodiversity and improving the ecological resilience of damaged landscapes. (再野生化有很多好处，比如恢复自然生物多样性和改善受损景观的生态恢复能力。)”谈论的是再野生化对环境和生态的影响，是宏观方面的意义，而后文“without healthy ecosystems, our crops will fail and obviously we will not survive (没有健康的生态系统，我们的庄稼就会歉收，显然我们将无法生存)”强调了健康生态系统对我们生存的实际重要性，前后形成对比。由此可推知，“at the most pragmatic level”指的是“在最实际的层面上”，故划线词pragmatic意为“实际的”。故选D项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Furthermore, if the public are to be persuaded of the benefits of rewilding, they must be confident that journalists are providing the full picture. (此外，如果要说服公众相信“再野生化”的好处，他们必须确信记者提供了全面的信息。)”可知，作者认为客观全面的报道有助于公众了解“再野生化”的好处，从而推动其推广。故选B项。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后第一段“Rewilding projects, it has to be said, do not always go as planned. The idea that we should allow nature to reclaim parts of our landscape is far more divisive than say, any proposal for reducing plastic waste or tackling the illegal wildlife trade. Few people would be blind to the advantages of limiting plastic consumption or argue against protecting elephants. Yet not so long ago, no-one gave a second thought to these things. It took the incredible efforts of a few passionate, principled individuals to educate the majority of us through long campaigning and evidence-based argument. Hopefully, fifty years from now, with ecosystems flourishing again, people will question why our generation ever saw rewilding as debated. (必须承认，再野生化项目并非总能按预期进行。我们应当让大自然重新占据我们这片土地一部分的理念，比诸如减少塑料废弃物或打击非法野生动物交易之类的提议更具争议性。很少有人会无视限制塑料使用所带来的好处，也不会有人反对保护大象。然而，就在不久前，这些事情还从未引起过人们的关注。需要一些充满激情且坚守原则的个人付出巨大的努力，通过长期的宣传和基于证据的论证来让大多数人了解这些道理。希望五十年后，当生态系统再次繁荣起来时，人们会质疑我们这一代人为何会将退化自然视为一个有争议的话题。)”可知，文章主要讨论了野化重建的定义，大众对此的看法、误解，以及其生态价值、现实意义，最后作者强调了野化项目并非总能如愿，曾经的环保理念都经历漫长普及过程，野化重建同样需要时间、耐心、逐步发展，不能急于求成，过程充满争议，要循序渐进。因此推断A项“再野生化：一步一步来”符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Human history could be told as the story of seeing. Each invention that sharpened our vision extended the reach of perception and redrew the borders of the known. When a Dutch craftsman fitted two lenses (镜片) into a tube in 1608, he did not simply enlarge distant objects; he expanded the human mind. From that moment, observation stopped to be passive. ____35____ As centuries unfolded, the instruments of observation multiplied: microscopes, cameras, telescopes, sensors, and finally, algorithms. Each revealed a new layer of reality — the infinitesimal cell, the atom, the DNA helix, the universe. ____36____ To see was to know; To measure was to exist. Observation drew the outlines of science, yet it also defined our sense of self, for every discovery beyond the human scale reminded us how small we are. ____37____ The internet made observers of everyone, yet it also made us observable. The gaze (注视) turned inward and outward at once: we became data points, recording and being recorded in the same instant. ____38____ The system extends from the depths of space to the finest details of a face. And now, machines have begun to see for us. Satellites watch the weather; neural networks watch the world. They identify patterns invisible to human eyes — the movements of universe, the signatures of disease, the habits of a city. ____39____ The universe may be infinite, but so too is the human desire to understand what it means to look. A. Seeing is no longer believing. B. We no longer merely looked — we searched. C. The act of looking became both a discipline and a philosophy. D. The ultimate horizon of observation is out there among the stars. E. The 20th century transformed the act of looking into a networked activity. F. Observation, once an act of curiosity, has become continuous, all-around, and autonomous. G. The telescope’s lens and the smartphone’s camera are now part of the same global system of seeing. 【答案】35. B 36. C 37. E 38. G 39. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章以“观看”为线索，阐述了从望远镜发明到人工智能时代，人类观察方式的演变及其对认知、科学和自我认知的深远影响。 【35题详解】 上文“From that moment, observation stopped to be passive.(从那一刻起，观察不再是被动的)”指出望远镜的发明使观察由被动变为主动，B选项“We no longer merely looked — we searched.(我们不再仅仅是看——我们开始探索)”承接上文，进一步解释“不再被动”的含义，即从简单的“看”升级为有目的的“探索”，其中“no longer merely looked”与上文的“stopped to be passive”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 【36题详解】 上文“Each revealed a new layer of reality — the infinitesimal cell, the atom, the DNA helix, the universe.(每一种工具都揭示了一个新的现实层面——微小的细胞、原子、DNA双螺旋、宇宙)”列举了不同观察工具带来的发现，C选项“The act of looking became both a discipline and a philosophy.(观察行为既成为一门学科，也成为了一种哲学)”承接上文，总结说明观察行为升华到了学科和哲学的高度；下文“To see was to know; To measure was to exist.(看见即认知；测量即存在)”进一步阐释观察作为学科和哲学的内涵，上下文逻辑一致。故选C项。 【37题详解】 下文“The internet made observers of everyone, yet it also made us observable.(互联网让每个人都成为观察者，但也让我们变得可被观察)”描述了互联网时代观察的双向性——人人既在观察也在被观察，这体现了观察的网络化特征，E选项“The 20th century transformed the act of looking into a networked activity.(20世纪将观察行为转变为一种网络化活动)”准确概括了本段主旨，指出观察在20世纪演变为网络化活动，与下文描述的互联网时代观察方式相呼应，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 【38题详解】 上文“The gaze (注视) turned inward and outward at once: we became data points, recording and being recorded in the same instant.(目光同时向内和向外：我们成为数据点，在同一瞬间记录着也被记录着)”描述了观察的双向性和数据化，G选项“The telescope’s lens and the smartphone’s camera are now part of the same global system of seeing.(望远镜的镜片和智能手机的摄像头现在属于同一个全球观察系统)”承接上文，指出不同时代的观察工具已融入同一个全球观察系统，其中“same global system of seeing”与上文的网络化观察相呼应；下文“The system extends from the depths of space to the finest details of a face.(这个系统从太空深处延伸到面部最细微的细节)”进一步说明该系统的覆盖范围，与G选项中的“global system”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 【39题详解】 上文“And now, machines have begun to see for us. Satellites watch the weather; neural networks watch the world. They identify patterns invisible to human eyes...(而现在，机器已经开始替我们观察。卫星观测天气；神经网络观察世界。它们识别出人眼看不见的模式……)”描述了机器观察的自动化、持续性和全面性，F选项“Observation, once an act of curiosity, has become continuous, all-around, and autonomous.(观察，曾经是一种好奇心驱使的行为，如今已变得持续、全面且自主)”承接上文，总结说明现代观察方式的新特征——持续、全面、自主，与上文描述的卫星和神经网络观察方式相呼应，上下文逻辑一致。故选F项。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 “My name is …” The words stick in my throat, refusing to come out. The silence stretches on as I shake a stranger’s hand. Trying to relax my jaw, I breathe in and manage to release my name, “Pppeeeettterr.” I’ve stuttered since around age 7, with no obvious cause. As a little boy, my go-to strategy was to avoid speaking or replace words with synonyms (同义词) when I felt a block coming. Then I fell in love with science — my hunger for knowledge made me unwilling to stay silent. So I learned speech treatment and finally regained the courage to express myself. I thought I had my stutter under control. Later, after many job interviews, I became an assistant professor. However, the decline was gradual, and I didn’t notice it until one day, a few months ago, I was teaching my thermodynamics class and found myself unable to say “equilibrium”. Later that day, I struggled to tell a colleague the name of my newborn daughter. Both the students and my colleague seemed to ignore my difficulty. Still, I came to a realization: I will probably never be free of my stutter, and my self-image as a capable scientist may take a hit. The thought was both depressing and exhausting. Then I began to wonder: can I gain any good from this burden? If radiation can be used to cure cancer, why can’t my stutter make me better, too? I have decided to accept my limitations and welcome the new perspectives they provide. When my voice sticks and refuses to cooperate, I can’t force it. I simply let my stutter go. And I can’t control how others perceive me. But with proper effort, I’m sure that I can participate in any conversation. 40. What did the author do to avoid stuttering when he was a little boy? ___________________________________________________________ 41. How did the author feel the moment he realized his stutter had returned? ___________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶ The author has decided to master better speech techniques and finally lets go of his stutter. ___________________________________________________________ 43. What do you think of the way the author deals with his limitations? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. He avoided speaking or replaced words with synonyms. 41. He felt depressed and exhausted. 42. 错误部分：master better speech techniques 原因：The author decided to accept his limitations instead of mastering better speech techniques. 43. I think it’s positive and wise. He accepts his limitations calmly and tries to find new perspectives. He faces it bravely rather than escaping, which sets a good example for us. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从小口吃，曾通过努力有所改善，后来口吃复发，最终选择接纳自身缺陷、以积极心态面对生活的故事。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第二段 “As a little boy, my go-to strategy was to avoid speaking or replace words with synonyms when I felt a block coming.(在我小时候，常用的办法是避免说话，或者在感觉要卡壳时用同义词替换。)” 可知，作者小时候通过避免说话或用同义词替换词语来避免口吃，故填He avoided speaking or replaced words with synonyms。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第四段“The thought was both depressing and exhausting.(这个想法既令人沮丧又让人疲惫。)” 可知，作者意识到口吃复发后感到沮丧和疲惫，故填He felt depressed and exhausted。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第五段“I have decided to accept my limitations and welcome the new perspectives they provide.(我决定接受自己的局限，并接纳它们带来的新视角。)” 可知，作者选择接纳自己的缺陷，而不是掌握更好的语言技巧，因此错误部分为master better speech techniques，故填错误部分：master better speech techniques；原因：The author decided to accept his limitations instead of mastering better speech techniques. 【43题详解】 开放题。问：你如何看待作者应对自身缺陷的方式？言之有理即可。根据原文第五段“I have decided to accept my limitations and welcome the new perspectives they provide.(我决定接受自己的局限，并接纳它们带来的新视角。)”可知，作者坦然接纳缺陷、积极面对，他的做法积极明智，勇敢面对而非逃避，为我们树立了榜样。故填I think it’s positive and wise. He accepts his limitations calmly and tries to find new perspectives. He faces it bravely rather than escaping, which sets a good example for us。 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim得知你参加了主题为“智绘中华”的科技赋能原创作品征集活动，来信就此询问。请你用英文给他回信，内容包括： 1．介绍你的作品； 2．分享你的感受。 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, Glad to hear from you! I’m excited to share my project for the “Painting China with Intelligence” innovation contest. I made a digital animation based on Dunhuang murals using AI painting tools. It brings Dunhuang murals to life — those ancient figures now dance beautifully across the screen with modern visual effects. By combining traditional art with technology, I aimed to show that cultural heritage can be both timeless and trendy. This experience was truly eye-opening. I realized technology isn’t just about coding; it’s a powerful bridge connecting our past to the future. Watching thousand-year-old paintings breathe again filled me with pride in our culture and confidence in digital innovation. Have you ever tried mixing tech with art? Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英文给外国好友Jim写一封回信，向他介绍自己参加主题为“智绘中华”的科技赋能原创作品并分享感受。 【详解】1.词汇积累 制作，创作：make → create 优美地：beautifully → gracefully 展示：show → display/present 融合，结合：combine → blend/ integrate 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m excited to share my project for the “Painting China with Intelligence” innovation contest. 拓展句：I’m so excited to share my project for the “Painting China with Intelligence” innovation contest, which explores how technology can bring traditional culture to life. 【点睛】【高分句型1】By combining traditional art with technology, I aimed to show that cultural heritage can be both timeless and trendy. (运用了动名词作介词的宾语及that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Watching thousand-year-old paintings breathe again filled me with pride in our culture and confidence in digital innovation. (运用了动名词短语作主语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市东城区2025-2026学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一） 英 语 本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Having braved a Chicago snowstorm and rush-hour traffic, I dragged my large suitcase through the ____1____. There were people, bags, packages, babies, and sour faces. Three hours. That’s how long my flight was delayed. The only seats near my gate were next to other people, and I was ____2____ other people. I sat on the floor, folded my arms across my chest and ____3____ a look of quiet anger. Nearby, a lady with a shopping bag took a seat next to another lady with a shopping bag from the same store. The first one introduced herself, opened her bag and rooted through tissue paper. “25% off!” she said, taking out a bowl. “33% off!” said the other, ____4____ a plate. They laughed and started chattering away. The sound of such insincere company was deeply ____5____. A passenger looking like a businessman sat behind them and said something. The ladies erupted in laughter. Soon, a purple-haired young man pulled off his earphones and started listening in. This happy group had a ____6____ conversation going. Must be nice, I allowed. If you like that shallow ____7____. After an hour, my back hurt. I got up and took the seat next to the young man, who was telling a funny joke. The businessman caught my eye and said, “Don’t I know you from somewhere?” We ____8____ travel notes and found no intersections. He invited me in anyway. I had to exchange stories with them: Forgotten luggage. Epic delays. Missed connections. ____9____, something warm was taking place: we were stuck but having a really great time. It was three hours more before our plane arrived. When it came time to board, we walked slowly behind our fellow travelers. The young man carried the two ladies’ bags. We were quiet now, having no idea what to say. One of the ladies broke the silence: “Do you think we should have a ____10____ sometime?” 1. A. city B. airport C. shops D. streets 2. A. out of touch with B. in doubt about C. on poor terms with D. in no mood for 3. A. changed B. adopted C. caught D. expected 4. A. cleaning out B. digging out C. giving out D. cutting out 5. A. annoying B. heartbreaking C. harmful D. disappointing 6. A. meaningful B. refreshing C. serious D. regular 7. A. opinion B. trust C. friendship D. understanding 8. A. compared B. collected C. consulted D. updated 9. A. Similarly B. Predictably C. Interestingly D. Logically 10. A. conversation B. flight C. reunion D. wish 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One day when a group of bees ____11____ (land) on a primary school, not surprisingly, there was panic among the teachers. Though, most of the children watched excitedly as a bee catcher rounded up the uninvited visitors. This unexpected event led to the school integrating beekeeping into the course, ____12____ has resulted in notable benefits. The children study the dance of the bees to decide ____13____ honey source is. They use honey in cooking lessons. They have even opened a school shop that ____14____ (feature) honey. Most of all, the children have become more responsible to others. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Spacesuits are important if you leave Earth’s protective atmosphere. Spacesuits should allow excellent ____15____ (free) of movement for the wearers, who may often go on spacewalks outside their ship to perform delicate equipment repairs all by ____16____ (they). It also helps that the spacesuit is quick to put on in case of an emergency. And it should provide a full life-support system to maintain internal air and temperature as well as attend to the needs of food, water and other bodily functions. Over the years, various spacesuits ____17____ (design) to meet these criteria. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 ____18____ (lead) a satisfying life, it’s not necessary for me to pursue grand experiences; instead, the small, everyday joys hold the most value. Whether it’s enjoying a cup of tea or sharing a laugh with friends, these moments contribute to my sense of well-being. Through ____19____ (appreciate) these small pleasures I feel more connected to the world and enhance my sense of happiness. These simple pleasures can be found in our daily routines, from the sights and sounds of nature to the warmth of human connection. If we integrate these small joys into our life, we will develop greater enthusiasm ____20____ the present. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A We are looking for 15 international and 15 Chinese young participants for the upcoming edition of the course Managing World Heritage: People, Nature, and Culture. This course specifically targets young individuals working at a specific cultural or natural World Heritage property, or institutions with responsibilities related to managing World Heritage properties. Applications are open to all regions. What is the content of the course? The course provides a general overview of what constitutes a world heritage management system, enabling participants to assess its effectiveness in a rapidly changing world. During the course, participants will be introduced to key tools and resources to improve management, planning, and decision-making processes at World Heritage properties and other heritage places. Participants will also share their professional experience and learn from each other. Where will the course take place? The course will take place in Suzhou, China, from 15 to 21 September 2026. Participants will have the chance to visit and learn more about the management of the World Heritage property and gain insight into the Chinese World Heritage management system. What are the costs of participation? There is no course fee. Participants will be responsible for their round-trip travel costs to and from Suzhou, China and any visa costs. Accommodations, meals and transportation will be provided by local organizers. How to apply for this course? Please submit your application by 31 July 2026. The application process is as follows: ● complete the online application form in English ● upload a personal photo ● upload your profile which highlights your most relevant experience (in English; maximum two pages) If you have any questions, please email us at whl@PNC26.org. 21. Who is the course intended for? A. International students. B. Heritage professionals. C. Cultural product designers. D. Management column editors. 22. What will the participants do during the course? A. Learn about professional tools. B. Share occupational resources. C. Assess the world heritage sites. D. Carry out management practices. 23. To apply for the course, one is required to ________. A. submit a profile with a photo B. introduce related experience C. write an application letter online D. send an email to whl@PNC26.org B Glancing at the author’s copy of the book on the desk, I am reminded of how long it has taken to get to this point as I am confirming the arrangements for one of the promotional events scheduled for my fourth non-fiction work on art. I actually started professional writing fairly late in life, after working for the local council for many years. Although I was into literature, it was for personal enjoyment. During my teenage years I sometimes wrote for the school magazine, just for fun. Later, this interest developed into a stronger desire for recognition, and, I’d spend months typing texts and sending them off to magazines and publishers, anxiously awaiting a response that often never came. I have also had a passion for art. Wandering around galleries is an absolute pleasure for me, although I don’t have an artistic bone in my body, unlike my twin sister, Louisa, who is remarkably gifted and has launched a career as an artist. One evening she called to say she was struggling with the text for an upcoming exhibition brochure and asked if I could give her a hand. I warned her that I’d give it a try. Later that evening I managed to produce something that I thought might be acceptable and emailed it to her. It was a real success and set the wheels in motion to turn my dream into a reality. One of the guests at the opening night was an editor working for an online arts magazine. Having been impressed by my piece describing the exhibition in the brochure, she managed to track me down, first by contacting the gallery and then my sister. Well, to be honest, I didn’t know what to think and the prospect of meeting with her filled me with fear. Questions came flooding through my mind and I immediately messaged my sister, who strongly urged me to seize the opportunity. So I fired off an acceptance email before I had the opportunity to change my mind again. Over the following months I devoted every spare moment of my time to attending exhibitions and crafting commentary articles on the region’s artists. I have to admit that the whole thing was exciting. My brain was constantly filled with ideas, and I enjoyed watching them take shape as I typed into the night on my laptop. After that first summer, I was hooked on writing about art, which was so enjoyable and satisfying. Definitely, it was what I should be doing. 24. When the author was young, she ______. A. had a talent for art B. ran a school magazine C. found writing interesting D. won recognition from publishers 25. Receiving her sister’s request for help, the author was ______. A. cautious B. touched C. relieved D. uninterested 26. What finally encouraged the author to accept the editor’s offer? A. Her passion for art. B. Confidence from success. C. The editor’s enthusiasm. D. The push from her sister. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Every end is a fresh beginning. B. Talent is born from consistent effort. C. Unexpected turns in life may bring gifts. D. Lifelong learning leads to personal growth. C Whom would you trust more: an expert who seems to have all of the answers or one who admits what he doesn’t know? We have spent the past five years studying that question. Our research was sparked by a tension we both noticed early in our academic careers. Our graduate studies made us deeply aware of how little we knew about our respective research areas, even as we developed specialized knowledge in these fields. Scholars call this particular variety of self-awareness “intellectual humility”, and it’s something we suspect many experts encounter as they transition into a new role. On the other hand, barely anyone seemed to expect us to be intellectually humble in our then new positions. People seemed to engage with us as know-it-all, capital-E experts who could confidently answer any questions that were even remotely related to our specialties. The scariest part was that we could have easily exploited these opportunities to share our opinions on topics well beyond our expertise. These experiences got us thinking about intellectual humility among experts, which is linked with many desirable behaviors, including considering others’ perspectives, and being better at conflict resolution. Conversely, when experts claim to know more than they actually do, this is not only the abandonment of trust but also potentially disastrous in terms of promoting public conversation. Given these high stakes, we designed a series of studies to understand how people think about expertise. We asked 100 participants to freely describe their understanding of expertise, analyzed about 200 related posts on the Internet, and asked 700 online participants to tackle a word sorting task in which they identified and grouped different terms such as “knowledge” or “qualifications” into broader perspectives on expertise. The results suggested that most people assume that exceptional knowledge is a defining feature of expertise. The thought that expertise is defined by solving problems and getting results was also a repeated tendency. At first glance, there’s nothing wrong with using qualifications and a demonstrated record of overcoming problems to examine someone’s position as an expert. On second thought, these understandings of expertise may leave some people defenseless to perceiving expertise in those who only appear to know their stuff. These people are expected to move from simplistic understandings of what makes an expert to more thoughtful ones. In future research, we want to see if it’s possible to create more substantial changes in how people understand expertise — changes that last for weeks, months and potentially years. It remains to be confirmed whether helping people prize intellectual humility in experts might make them better at detecting when someone is overstepping beyond the boundaries of their expertise, and accordingly ensure that humble experts, who are aware of and admit the limits of their expertise, are there to help humanity address our world’s most pressing challenges. 28. As for people’s perception of experts, the author is ______. A. supportive B. puzzled C. tolerant D. sceptical 29. What can be inferred about the results of present studies? A. Expertise encourages a know-it-all mindset. B. Experts fail to live up to people’s expectation. C. Intellectual humility springs from public belief. D. Problem-solving ability ranks high in expertise. 30. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Humility among experts should be promoted. B. A better model to assess humility is expected. C. Refining judgment on experts needs continued exploration. D. Tackling urgent issues relies on humble experts’ joint efforts. D Rewilding is a simple concept: areas of wilderness are identified for restoration, native animals and plants are reintroduced, and natural processes take over. The term was coined in the 1990s. Much like nature, language undergoes continuous transformation. To some, rewilding now incorporates the idea of building “corridors” so that species can cross from one area of wilderness to another, as they would have done in pre-human times. To others, it is about letting “natural chaos” take over, meaning any human interference is prohibited. Why might the average person be drawn to the idea of rewilding? Many hold that nostalgia is behind it. The fact is that most of us can’t say, “Where did all those Red Admiral butterflies go, that were once so common in my back garden?” We cannot recall things that are beyond living memory, let alone a time when wild pigs and deer ran through forests. Indeed, we need not be remotely sentimental (多愁善感) to see why biodiversity is desirable. There are numerous benefits to rewilding, such as restoring natural biodiversity and improving the ecological resilience of damaged landscapes. Actually, at the most pragmatic level, without healthy ecosystems, our crops will fail and obviously we will not survive. A workable food chain must start with pollinators, such as bees and hoverflies. Intensive farming, however, has largely removed the wildflowers they feed on and turned much of our landscape into lifeless soil. Only by reintroducing missing insects, plants and animals can we reverse this trend. The idea of rewilding has certainly caught the public eye, and journalists have played their part in this. Some have warned about the potential terrible consequences. Others have showered praise on the plan of releasing beavers back into streams. Devoting attention to efforts like these is no bad thing, yet rewilding is something different altogether: an entire ecosystem becoming self-regulatory and self-sustaining. Furthermore, if the public are to be persuaded of the benefits of rewilding, they must be confident that journalists are providing the full picture. In Spain’s Guadarrama hills, for example, wolves’ return brings conservation joy but raises local concerns over lost sheep and cattle. Honest discussion about this kind of issue is required. Rewilding projects, it has to be said, do not always go as planned. The idea that we should allow nature to reclaim parts of our landscape is far more divisive than say, any proposal for reducing plastic waste or tackling the illegal wildlife trade. Few people would be blind to the advantages of limiting plastic consumption or argue against protecting elephants. Yet not so long ago, no-one gave a second thought to these things. It took the incredible efforts of a few passionate, principled individuals to educate the majority of us through long campaigning and evidence-based argument. Hopefully, fifty years from now, with ecosystems flourishing again, people will question why our generation ever saw rewilding as debated. 31. Why does the author mention Red Admiral butterflies? A. To contradict a claim. B. To justify a comparison. C. To challenge a convention. D. To illustrate an assumption. 32. What does the word “pragmatic” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Complex. B. Precise. C. Advanced. D. Practical. 33. As for rewilding, which would the author agree with? A. The media play a major role in its progress. B. Objective reporting facilitates its promotion. C. Public concern about it shapes media coverage. D. Disagreement among journalists outweighs agreement. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Rewilding: One Step at a Time B. Rewilding: Back to the Unknown C. Rewilding: A Race against Limits D. Rewilding: The Recall of the Wild 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Human history could be told as the story of seeing. Each invention that sharpened our vision extended the reach of perception and redrew the borders of the known. When a Dutch craftsman fitted two lenses (镜片) into a tube in 1608, he did not simply enlarge distant objects; he expanded the human mind. From that moment, observation stopped to be passive. ____35____ As centuries unfolded, the instruments of observation multiplied: microscopes, cameras, telescopes, sensors, and finally, algorithms. Each revealed a new layer of reality — the infinitesimal cell, the atom, the DNA helix, the universe. ____36____ To see was to know; To measure was to exist. Observation drew the outlines of science, yet it also defined our sense of self, for every discovery beyond the human scale reminded us how small we are. ____37____ The internet made observers of everyone, yet it also made us observable. The gaze (注视) turned inward and outward at once: we became data points, recording and being recorded in the same instant. ____38____ The system extends from the depths of space to the finest details of a face. And now, machines have begun to see for us. Satellites watch the weather; neural networks watch the world. They identify patterns invisible to human eyes — the movements of universe, the signatures of disease, the habits of a city. ____39____ The universe may be infinite, but so too is the human desire to understand what it means to look. A. Seeing is no longer believing. B. We no longer merely looked — we searched. C. The act of looking became both a discipline and a philosophy. D. The ultimate horizon of observation is out there among the stars. E. The 20th century transformed the act of looking into a networked activity. F. Observation, once an act of curiosity, has become continuous, all-around, and autonomous. G. The telescope’s lens and the smartphone’s camera are now part of the same global system of seeing. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 “My name is …” The words stick in my throat, refusing to come out. The silence stretches on as I shake a stranger’s hand. Trying to relax my jaw, I breathe in and manage to release my name, “Pppeeeettterr.” I’ve stuttered since around age 7, with no obvious cause. As a little boy, my go-to strategy was to avoid speaking or replace words with synonyms (同义词) when I felt a block coming. Then I fell in love with science — my hunger for knowledge made me unwilling to stay silent. So I learned speech treatment and finally regained the courage to express myself. I thought I had my stutter under control. Later, after many job interviews, I became an assistant professor. However, the decline was gradual, and I didn’t notice it until one day, a few months ago, I was teaching my thermodynamics class and found myself unable to say “equilibrium”. Later that day, I struggled to tell a colleague the name of my newborn daughter. Both the students and my colleague seemed to ignore my difficulty. Still, I came to a realization: I will probably never be free of my stutter, and my self-image as a capable scientist may take a hit. The thought was both depressing and exhausting. Then I began to wonder: can I gain any good from this burden? If radiation can be used to cure cancer, why can’t my stutter make me better, too? I have decided to accept my limitations and welcome the new perspectives they provide. When my voice sticks and refuses to cooperate, I can’t force it. I simply let my stutter go. And I can’t control how others perceive me. But with proper effort, I’m sure that I can participate in any conversation. 40. What did the author do to avoid stuttering when he was a little boy? ___________________________________________________________ 41. How did the author feel the moment he realized his stutter had returned? ___________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶ The author has decided to master better speech techniques and finally lets go of his stutter. ___________________________________________________________ 43. What do you think of the way the author deals with his limitations? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________________ 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim得知你参加了主题为“智绘中华”的科技赋能原创作品征集活动，来信就此询问。请你用英文给他回信，内容包括： 1．介绍你的作品； 2．分享你的感受。 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $