Unit 5 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（分层作业）英语外研版选择性必修第三册

Unit 5 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 1、 根据汉语提示单词拼写 1．superb/brilliant/outstanding 2．innocent 3．granted 4．inspire 5．frontier 6．converted 7．mimic 8．architect 二、所给词的适当形式填空 1．walking 2．basic 3．granted 4．inspiration 5．harmonious 6．such 7．with 8．from 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1．the wisdom of Chinese people 2．Wandering through the superb landscape；increased our appetite for 3．take for granted 4．in a similar way 5．meet/satisfy the needs of 6．are based on/upon 7．are fed with 四、完成句子 1．Absorbed in their game 2．The story was inspired by 3．take shape 4．in response to the appeal 5．was/is based on emotion 6．had such terrible weather that 五、语法填空 1．located 2．stands 3．evident 4．more impressive 5．where 6．to 7．approaches 8．particularly 9．have been applied 10．a 六、阅读理解 A 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C B 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 七、完形填空 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．A 14．A 15．B 16．D 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．D 21．B 22．D 23．B 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 1、 根据汉语提示单词拼写 1．Albert Einstein is a _______ (出色的) figure in the field of physics. ) 2．The jury were unconvinced that he was _____ (无辜的). 3．Don’t take it for ________ (想当然) that our parents should do everything for us. 4．I don’t believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to ________ (激励) us. 5．In their works these authors tended to glorify women’s contributions to ________ (边疆) life. 6．This suggested that matter could be ________ (转化) into energy and vice versa. 7．Zhang Hui first learned he could perfectly ________ (模仿) the sounds of animals when he was a child. 【答案】1．superb/brilliant/outstanding 2．innocent 3．granted 4．inspire 5．frontier 6．converted 7．mimic 8．architect 二、所给词的适当形式填空 1．They also cheer one another up while (walk) toward the same destination. 2．He doesn’t have mastery of the (base) rules of grammar. 3．She often told me not to take things for (grant). 4．Under the (inspire) of my parents, I regained my self-confidence. 5．They are in a (harmony) relationship. 6．Kathy is a lovely girl that we all like to play with her. 7．The new building does not harmonize its surroundings. 8．Plants absorb nutrients the soil. 【答案】 1．walking 2．basic 3．granted 4．inspiration 5．harmonious 6．such 7．with 8．from 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1．Protecting traditional Chinese culture can help pass down ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (中国人的智慧) from generation to generation. (wisdom) 2．________ (漫步在绝美的风景中), we spotted some adorable wildlife that seemed completely at ease, which  ________ (增强了我们对……的渴望) learning about conservation. 3．For them, the most basic things we ________  ________  ________ (认为理所当然的), such as running water and electricity, are beyond reach. 4．Some Australian Aborigines still live ________ ________ ________ ________ (以相似的方式) to their ancestors, while others live in cities, towns and the country in the same way as their fellow Australians. 5．We designed this building to ________ ________ ________ ________ (迎合……的需求) our customers, and we must constantly focus on customer satisfaction. 6．Most funny stories ________ ________ ________ (基于……) comic situations. In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal attraction. 7．All the chicken in the farm ________ ________ ________ (被用……喂食) natural grass seeds and organic corn. 【答案】 1．the wisdom of Chinese people 2．Wandering through the superb landscape；increased our appetite for 3．take for granted 4．in a similar way 5．meet/satisfy the needs of 6．are based on/upon 7．are fed with 四、完成句子 1．________________, these children didn’t feel hungry at all. 这些孩子沉浸在游戏中，一点都不觉得饿。 2．________ a chance meeting with an old Russian duke. 这个故事的创作灵感来自与一位俄国老公爵的不期而遇。 3．An idea was beginning to _______ in his mind. 一个想法开始在他的脑子里形成。 4．Millions of people gave freely ____________ for the victims of the earthquake. 为响应救济地震灾民的呼吁，几百万人慷慨相助。 5．The decision _________ rather than rational thought. 这个决定不是基于理性的思考而是基于感情作出的。 6．We ________ we couldn’t finish the work on time. 天气如此糟糕，以至于我们不能按时完成工作。 【答案】 1．Absorbed in their game 2．The story was inspired by 3．take shape 4．in response to the appeal 5．was/is based on emotion 6．had such terrible weather that 五、语法填空 The Forbidden City is one of the most famous imperial palaces in China, 1 (locate) at the heart of Beijing. Having seen the changes of several dynasties, it 2 (stand) as a symbol of China’s long history and rich culture. The great halls and beautiful gardens designed with great care show traditional Chinese culture. It is 3 (evidence) that the whole palace was built very well. The wonderful carvings and golden roofs, shining brightly under the sun, add to the palace’s beauty. Although China has many old and important places, few are 4 (impressive) than the Forbidden City. It is a place 5 ancient art and royal power are joined perfectly. The buildings originally belonging 6 the emperors and their families are well protected today. So strict rules and useful 7 (approach) are used to stop damage from careless visitors, making sure it will still be beautiful for the future. The Forbidden City looks very wonderful, 8 (particular) in winter, when snow covering the roofs makes the golden tops shine even brighter. In recent years, modern technologies 9 (apply) to protect this great old building. Now, people can enjoy its beauty for centuries to come. For those who love history and buildings, a visit to the Forbidden City is 10 must. It is not only a famous place in history but also a great treasure of Chinese civilization. 【答案】 1．located 2．stands 3．evident 4．more impressive 5．where 6．to 7．approaches 8．particularly 9．have been applied 10．a 六、阅读理解 A Yesterday, at the National Trust’s Purbeck Heaths nature reserve, four beavers were released from crates and crawled into Little Sea, a 33-hectare (81-acre) lake — the first to be legally released in England after a 400-year absence and a fight to return them to the landscape. The trust says this is the perfect habitat for them to roam free, with no fenced enclosures, full of lakes and watercourses for the beavers (海狸) to make their home. The trust has permission to release 25 on the peninsula (半岛) but is starting with four and then making more releases in coming years if this one goes well. Until about 20 years ago, the rodent (啮齿动物) had been extinct in Britain for four centuries, having been hunted for its fur, meat and scent oil. But in recent years, beavers have been returning to our waterways via licensed releases into enclosures and some illegal releases. There are an estimated 500 in the wild in England. Last week, the government announced that, with a license, it is now legal for conservationists (自然保护主义者) to release beavers into the wild, with no enclosures necessary. “The problem with enclosures is they are only really a short-term solution, as after a couple of years the beavers have need to make their own territories, and there’s no space for them to go.” said David Brown, the National Trust’s nature director at Purbeck. Conservationists have been campaigning for the return of the beaver for decades because it is a keystone species, whose presence allows other creatures to thrive. This is because beavers create complex wetland habitats by digging channels and pools and constructing leaky dams. Their dams also filter pollution, helping to clean up rivers, and can prevent flooding as well as drought. The trust has worked with local farmers and landowners to ensure the beavers do not cause unwanted disruption. Purbeck hopes it will spur year-round nature tourism as people come to see the beavers and the habitat they create. “We have been seeing a shift away from bucket-and-spade tourism to nature tourism, and that is more sustainable,” Brown said. The nature minister, Mary Creagh, was there to watch the release. She said: “I am thrilled that, after being hunted to extinction centuries ago, wild beavers are finally here to stay. Today is an important milestone for national nature recovery.” 1．What is the current plan for releasing beavers in the Purbeck Heaths nature reserve? A．To release all 25 beavers at once. B．To start with four beavers and release more in the future if successful. C．To release beavers only into fenced enclosures. D．To release beavers without any legal permission. 2．Why are enclosures considered a short-term solution for beavers? A．Because beavers need to create their own territories and enclosures limit their space. B．Because enclosures are too expensive to maintain. C．Because beavers do not survive well in enclosures. D．Because enclosures are illegal in England. 3．What aspect of the beavers do conservationists highlight? A．Their popularity among tourists. B．Their capability of constructing dams. C．Their adaptability to the environment. D．Their impact on the ecosystem. 4．What is the overall attitude of the National Trust and the nature minister towards the release of beavers? A．They are indifferent and see it as a minor event. B．They are concerned about the potential disruption to local farmers. C．They are enthusiastic and view it as a significant step for nature recovery and sustainable tourism. D．They are skeptical about the long-term success of the beaver release. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】这篇文章是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了在英国普贝克希思自然保护区，国家信托基金会在获得许可后，将海狸重新引入野外的过程，阐述了海狸作为关键物种对生态环境的积极影响，以及各方对此举措的态度。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The trust has permission to release 25 on the peninsula (半岛) but is starting with four and then making more releases in coming years if this one goes well. (该信托基金获准在半岛上释放25只海狸，但计划先放生4只，如果这次进展顺利，未来几年会放生更多。)”可知，目前的计划是先从4只开始，如果成功再放生更多。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句““The problem with enclosures is they are only really a short-term solution, as after a couple of years the beavers have need to make their own territories, and there’s no space for them to go.” said David Brown, the National Trust’s nature director at Purbeck. (国家信托基金会在普贝克地区的自然事务负责人大卫·布朗（David Brown）说：“围栏的问题在于它们实际上只是一个短期的解决方案，因为几年后海狸需要建立自己的领地，但它们没有空间可去。”)”可知，围栏被认为是短期解决方案，是因为几年后海狸需要建立自己的领地，但围栏限制了它们的活动空间。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Their dams also filter pollution, helping to clean up rivers, and can prevent flooding as well as drought. (它们建造的水坝还能过滤污染物，有助于净化河流，并且可以起到防洪抗旱的作用。)”可知，海狸建造的水坝有过滤污染物、净化河流、有助于防洪抗旱，这些都属于它们对生态系统的影响，是自然保护主义者重点强调的。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段最后两句“Purbeck hopes it will spur year-round nature tourism as people come to see the beavers and the habitat they create. “We have been seeing a shift away from bucket-and-spade tourism to nature tourism, and that is more sustainable,” Brown said. (普贝克地区希望这将促进全年性的自然旅游，因为人们会前来观赏海狸以及它们所创造的栖息地。“我们能看到一种转变，从‘桶铲式’旅游转向自然旅游，而且这种旅游方式更具可持续性，”布朗说道。)”以及第六段最后一句“Today is an important milestone for national nature recovery. (今天是国家自然恢复进程中的一个重要里程碑。)”可知，国家信托基金希望通过放生海狸能促进全年自然旅游，并且认为这是一种具有可持续性的旅游方式；自然部长将此事称之为重要里程碑。这都表明他们对海狸放生持热情态度，并将其视为自然恢复和可持续旅游的重要一步。故选C项。 B For every one article on some positive aspect, some positive element of life, wellbeing, satisfaction, joy, happiness, you get 21 articles on depression, anxiety and so on. Ratio of 21 to 1. Studies focus primarily on what doesn't work. And this is not a new phenomenon. The science of psychology（心理）has been far more successful on the negative than on the positive side. It has revealed to us much more about man's shortcomings, his illnesses, but little about his potentialities, his virtues or his psychological height. We study a lot of depression and anxiety, misjudgments and errors, very much focusing on this aspect and very little on the positive. If you had a person who 21 hours in a day was depressed and one hour in a day felt good or one day feeling good and then 21 days feeling anxious and depressed, you would say that this person would need help. And I think psychology needs help. Today depression is 10 times higher than it was in 1960. Now part of it is because there's more awareness, because we measure better. But that's not all. It's also simply because objectively there's more depression. The average age for depression today is less than 15. Kids at very young age are introduced to the "information highway". And very often, they are not prepared, not able to deal with it in an effective way. So when we look at this data, we say we do need more research to help people overcome depression or anxiety. And there seems nothing wrong about that. According to the studies, 47% Harvard students over the past year have experienced depression to the point of not functioning. So they couldn't leave home. They were really struggling to just basically get through the day. Now this is not unique to United States. We have a global epidemic here. And once again going back: Is the 21:1 ratio good? How can we even think about studying happiness and well-being and love and joy? What I'm going to argue for is that we do need to also focus on the positive. I am going to talk about three reasons why we should do that. The first reason is that it is important to focus or what works, because what works or what we focus on rather creates reality. If we focus on what is working, we'll have more working in our world, more working in ourselves, more working in our relationships. The second reason why positive psychology as an independent field of study is important is that being happy is not just the negative statement of depression. It doesn't mean just getting rid of depression or anxiety that I am experiencing so I spontaneously（自然而然）become happy. That's not the case. That's not how it works. And finally, prevention, which is the most effective way of preventing hardship, is actually realized by focusing on and cultivating the positive. So for these three reasons, we need positive psychology. 5．By using the ratio of 21 to 1, the author means in fact that__________. A．on an average a person is depressed 21 hours a day and feels good one hour B．most articles and studies focus primarily on what goes wrong C．the science of psychology has revealed human's nature D．nearly half of Harvard and nationwide students suffer from depression 6．Which is the main reason why depression is 10 times higher than it was in 1960? A．Simply because people are more aware and we measure better B．Mainly because teenagers are too weak to fight it. C．Objectively because there's more depression in the present world. D．Possibly because we lack effective way to deal with depression. 7．What is NOT closely related to positive psychology? A．Preventing depression or anxiety by focusing on and cultivating the positive feelings. B．Offering various ways of overcoming the negative feelings. C．Focusing on what is working to have more working in our life. D．Being happy is not equal to avoiding being unhappy. 8．What might the author agree with in this article? A．It is essential for our research to focus more on the bright side B．There is no need for the science of psychology to deal with the negative side. C．The conflict between the negative psychology and positive one can't be avoided. D．We have to remove depression completely in order to be happy. 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了对于每一篇关于积极方面、生活中的积极因素、幸福、满足、快乐、幸福的文章，你就会得到21篇关于抑郁、焦虑等的文章。比例为21:1。并且介绍了产生这种现象的原因，预防的措施。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段最后三句话“We study a lot of depression and anxiety, misjudgments and errors, very much focusing on this aspect and very little on the positive. If you had a person who 21 hours in a day was depressed and one hour in a day felt good or one day feeling good and then 21 days feeling anxious and depressed, you would say that this person would need help. And I think psychology needs help.”（ 我们研究了很多抑郁和焦虑、误判和错误，非常关注这方面，很少关注积极方面。如果你有一个人一天中有21小时抑郁，一小时感觉良好，或者一天感觉良好，然后21天感觉焦虑和抑郁，你会说这个人需要帮助。我认为心理学需要帮助。）可知作者通过使用21:1的比率，作者的意思是实际上大多数文章和研究主要关注哪里出了问题。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段前三句“Today depression is 10 times higher than it was in 1960. Now part of it is because there's more awareness, because we measure better. But that's not all. It's also simply because objectively there's more depression. ”（ 如今，抑郁症的发病率比1960年高出10倍。现在，部分原因是人们的意识增强了，因为我们衡量得更好。但这还不是全部。这也仅仅是因为客观上有更多的抑郁症。）可知抑郁症比1960年高出10倍的主要原因是：客观上是因为现在世界上有更多的抑郁症。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据最后一段作者提出的三点分别是：第一点，The first reason is that it is important to focus or what works, because what works or what we focus on rather creates reality.（重要的是关注或关注什么是有效的，因为什么是有效的或我们关注的恰恰创造了现实。）第二点The second reason why positive psychology as an independent field of study is important is that being happy is not just the negative statement of depression.（积极心理学作为一个独立的研究领域之所以重要的第二个原因是，快乐不仅仅是抑郁的负面陈述。）第三点And finally, prevention, which is the most effective way of preventing hardship, is actually realized by focusing on and cultivating the positive.（最后，预防，这是预防困难的最有效方式，实际上是通过关注和培养积极因素来实现的。）可知分别对应选项ACD，文章中所讲积极性理学没有涉及任何克服消极情绪的内容，而且积极心理学认为聚焦积极并非消除抑郁等消极情绪那么简单，所以B选项与积极心理学无关。故选B。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段第三行“We study a lot of depression and anxiety, misjudgments and errors, very much focusing on this aspect and very little on the positive. ”（ 我们研究了很多抑郁和焦虑、误判和错误，非常关注这方面，很少关注积极方面。）最后一段最后一句“ So for these three reasons, we need positive psychology.”（ 因此，出于这三个原因，我们需要积极心理学。）可知作者可能同意：我们的研究必须更多地关注光明的一面。故选A。 【点睛】细节理解题 此题型是对文章具体细节的考查。通读全文或者部分段落，了解文中的重要事实或细节，然后遵循由整体到细节的原则，把握作者的思路，按全文---段落----词语的步骤来解题。 推理判断题 这种题型要求考生尽量考虑文章中全部信息和事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上，严格按照作者提供的信息推断出作者的言外之意。作者为了说明主题或者观点，肯定会做出一系列论述或解释，采用的方式可能是举例、论 证、摆事实或讲道理、提出问题或者指出事件的原因等。回答这类问题时，考生首先应仔细阅读原 文以确定推理依据的范围，然后按题意进行推断。态度观点题针对作者态度、语气、风格、倾向的推断。文章中一般都会暗含着作者的观点和态度，在文章的首段或尾段一般表现最为明显，故考生要重点理解首尾段，提炼作者的观点。 七、完形填空 The suburb I live in backs onto a large nature reserve (自然保护区). One morning I saw a koala sitting in a palm tree in my front yard. I phoned around to ask what I could 9 this koala, but no one knew. I ended up 10 the koala out of my tree and we crossed the road 11 for him to return to the nature reserve. I’ve always been befriending animals. As a young kid I used to pick up lizard eggs and 12 them. It stimulated my interest as to why there wasn’t anyone waiting to come and 13 this koala in my tree. After that, I signed up for all the 14 I could find. Once I had a letter of accreditation (合格证明书), I volunteered with the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) in 2014, rehabilitating (使康复) wildlife. I was an ambulance driver, 15 overnight rescues. We rescued hundreds of animals and 16 more. One day, I thought why not 17 my own rescue group focusing on my backyard? I purchased a two-acre property and built enclosures (围场) on it to 18 injured animals. Last year, I planted 300 eucalyptus trees, with seven varieties to 19 the koalas. I cut the leaves of the eucalyptus trees for the koalas to eat and look after the 20 wildlife at our centre. If they recover, they are 21 back to where they come from. As a kid I would never have imagined doing this. I feel like I’m the 22 girl on the planet that I get to do what I love. I believe it’s my 23 . 9．A．learn from B．do with C．inquire about D．save on 10．A．kicking B．shooting C．coaching D．blowing 11．A．together B．illegally C．angrily D．guiltily 12．A．eat B．boil C．break D．hatch 13．A．rescue B．admire C．purchase D．identify 14．A．courses B．races C．fairs D．shows 15．A．watching B．attending C．recording D．assessing 16．A．made out B．ran across C．gave up D．cared for 17．A．leave B．start C．dismiss D．advertise 18．A．house B．hunt C．train D．amuse 19．A．confuse B．direct C．feed D．test 20．A．aggressive B．hungry C．deserted D．injured 21．A．sold B．released C．thrown D．dragged 22．A．quietest B．greediest C．noisiest D．luckiest 23．A．guess B．calling C．treat D．Fault 【答案】 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．A 14．A 15．B 16．D 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．D 21．B 22．D 23．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者为保护野生动物而成立了一个救援小组，并把援救野生动物当做自己的使命。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我四处打电话询问对于这只考拉我能做些什么，但没人知道。A. learn from向……学习；B. do with处理；C. inquire about询问；D. save on节省。根据下文“but no one knew”可知，作者打电话问怎么处理这只考拉，但没人知道。故选B项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后我引导着这只考拉从树上下来，然后我们一起穿过马路，以便它能回到自然保护区。A. kicking踢；B. shooting射击；C. coaching指导；D. blowing吹。根据下文“the koala out of my tree”可知，作者把考拉从树上引导下来。故选C项。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后我引导着这只考拉从树上下来，然后我们一起穿过马路，以便它能回到自然保护区。A. together一起；B. illegally非法地；C. angrily生气地；D. guiltily内疚地。根据上文“I ended up 　　2　　 the koala out of my tree”可知，作者引导考拉从树上下来后，他们一起过马路。故选A项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：小时候，我常常捡起蜥蜴蛋并孵化它们。A. eat吃；B. boil煮沸；C. break打破；D. hatch孵化。根据上文“As a young kid I used to pick up lizard eggs”可知，小时候作者捡起蜥蜴蛋，接下来应该是孵化它们。故选D项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这引发了我的兴趣，为什么没有人等着来营救我树上的这只考拉呢。A. rescue营救；B. admire钦佩；C. purchase购买；D. identify识别。根据上文“I phoned around to ask what I could 　　1　　 this koala, but no one knew.”可知，由上文作者看到考拉在树上却不知道该怎么办，且周围没人知道该如何处理，这里作者疑惑为什么没有人来营救这只考拉。故选A项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我报名参加了所有我能找到的相关课程。A. courses课程；B. races比赛；C. fairs集市；D. shows表演。根据下文“Once I had a letter of accreditation (合格证明书)”可知，作者为了能够救助动物，报名参加了所有能找到的相关课程。故选A项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是一名救护车司机，负责参加夜间救援工作。A. watching观看；B. attending参加；C. recording记录；D. assessing评估。根据下文“We rescued hundreds of animals and 　　8　　 more.”可知，作者负责参加夜间救援。故选B项。 16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们营救了数百只动物，并且照顾了更多的动物。A. made out理解；B. ran across偶然遇到；C. gave up放弃；D. cared for照顾。根据上文“We rescued hundreds of animals”可知，需要照顾更多的被营救的动物。故选D项。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我想为什么不成立一个专注于我家后院区域的救援组织呢？A. leave离开；B. start开始，成立；C. dismiss解散；D. advertise打广告。根据下文“I purchased a two-acre property and built enclosures (围场) on it to 　　10　　 injured animals.”可知，作者想创办自己的救援组织。故选B项。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我购买了一块两英亩的土地，并在上面建造了围场来安置受伤的动物。A. house安置；B. hunt打猎；C. train训练；D. amuse娱乐。根据上文“I purchased a two-acre property and built enclosures (围场) on it”可知，作者买地建围场是为了安置受伤的动物。故选A项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，我种了300棵桉树，有七个不同的品种来喂养考拉。A. confuse使困惑；B. direct指导；C. feed喂养；D. test测试。根据上文“I planted 300 eucalyptus trees, with seven varieties”可知，作者种桉树是为了喂养考拉。故选C项。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我剪下桉树叶给考拉吃，并且在我们的中心照顾受伤的野生动物。A. aggressive好斗的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. deserted被遗弃的；D. injured受伤的。根据上文“built enclosures (围场) on it to 　　10　　 injured animals”可知，作者的救援中心是照顾受伤的野生动物的。故选D项。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果它们康复了，就会被放归到它们原来的地方。A. sold卖；B. released释放；C. thrown扔；D. dragged拖。根据上文“If they recover”可知，如果它们康复了，它们就会被放回原来的地方。故选B项。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己是这个星球上最幸运的女孩，因为我能够做自己喜欢的事情。A. quietest最安静的；B. greediest最贪婪的；C. noisiest最吵闹的；D. luckiest最幸运的。根据上文“As a kid I would never have imagined doing this.”可知，作者小时候从没想过自己能做这些事，现在能做自己喜欢的事，她觉得自己是这个星球上最幸运的女孩。故选D项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信这就是我的使命。A. guess猜测；B. calling使命；C. treat款待；D. fault错误。根据上文“I get to do what I love.”可知，作者认为做自己喜欢的事是自己的使命。故选B项。 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 1、 根据汉语提示单词拼写 1．Albert Einstein is a _______ (出色的) figure in the field of physics. ) 2．The jury were unconvinced that he was _____ (无辜的). 3．Don’t take it for ________ (想当然) that our parents should do everything for us. 4．I don’t believe what you said, but if you can prove it, you may be able to ________ (激励) us. 5．In their works these authors tended to glorify women’s contributions to ________ (边疆) life. 6．This suggested that matter could be ________ (转化) into energy and vice versa. 7．Zhang Hui first learned he could perfectly ________ (模仿) the sounds of animals when he was a child. 二、所给词的适当形式填空 1．They also cheer one another up while (walk) toward the same destination. 2．He doesn’t have mastery of the (base) rules of grammar. 3．She often told me not to take things for (grant). 4．Under the (inspire) of my parents, I regained my self-confidence. 5．They are in a (harmony) relationship. 6．Kathy is a lovely girl that we all like to play with her. 7．The new building does not harmonize its surroundings. 8．Plants absorb nutrients the soil. 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1．Protecting traditional Chinese culture can help pass down ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (中国人的智慧) from generation to generation. (wisdom) 2．________ (漫步在绝美的风景中), we spotted some adorable wildlife that seemed completely at ease, which  ________ (增强了我们对……的渴望) learning about conservation. 3．For them, the most basic things we ________  ________  ________ (认为理所当然的), such as running water and electricity, are beyond reach. 4．Some Australian Aborigines still live ________ ________ ________ ________ (以相似的方式) to their ancestors, while others live in cities, towns and the country in the same way as their fellow Australians. 5．We designed this building to ________ ________ ________ ________ (迎合……的需求) our customers, and we must constantly focus on customer satisfaction. 6．Most funny stories ________ ________ ________ (基于……) comic situations. In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal attraction. 7．All the chicken in the farm ________ ________ ________ (被用……喂食) natural grass seeds and organic corn. 四、完成句子 1．________________, these children didn’t feel hungry at all. 这些孩子沉浸在游戏中，一点都不觉得饿。 2．________ a chance meeting with an old Russian duke. 这个故事的创作灵感来自与一位俄国老公爵的不期而遇。 3．An idea was beginning to _______ in his mind. 一个想法开始在他的脑子里形成。 4．Millions of people gave freely ____________ for the victims of the earthquake. 为响应救济地震灾民的呼吁，几百万人慷慨相助。 5．The decision _________ rather than rational thought. 这个决定不是基于理性的思考而是基于感情作出的。 6．We ________ we couldn’t finish the work on time. 天气如此糟糕，以至于我们不能按时完成工作。 五、语法填空 The Forbidden City is one of the most famous imperial palaces in China, 1 (locate) at the heart of Beijing. Having seen the changes of several dynasties, it 2 (stand) as a symbol of China’s long history and rich culture. The great halls and beautiful gardens designed with great care show traditional Chinese culture. It is 3 (evidence) that the whole palace was built very well. The wonderful carvings and golden roofs, shining brightly under the sun, add to the palace’s beauty. Although China has many old and important places, few are 4 (impressive) than the Forbidden City. It is a place 5 ancient art and royal power are joined perfectly. The buildings originally belonging 6 the emperors and their families are well protected today. So strict rules and useful 7 (approach) are used to stop damage from careless visitors, making sure it will still be beautiful for the future. The Forbidden City looks very wonderful, 8 (particular) in winter, when snow covering the roofs makes the golden tops shine even brighter. In recent years, modern technologies 9 (apply) to protect this great old building. Now, people can enjoy its beauty for centuries to come. For those who love history and buildings, a visit to the Forbidden City is 10 must. It is not only a famous place in history but also a great treasure of Chinese civilization. 六、阅读理解 A Yesterday, at the National Trust’s Purbeck Heaths nature reserve, four beavers were released from crates and crawled into Little Sea, a 33-hectare (81-acre) lake — the first to be legally released in England after a 400-year absence and a fight to return them to the landscape. The trust says this is the perfect habitat for them to roam free, with no fenced enclosures, full of lakes and watercourses for the beavers (海狸) to make their home. The trust has permission to release 25 on the peninsula (半岛) but is starting with four and then making more releases in coming years if this one goes well. Until about 20 years ago, the rodent (啮齿动物) had been extinct in Britain for four centuries, having been hunted for its fur, meat and scent oil. But in recent years, beavers have been returning to our waterways via licensed releases into enclosures and some illegal releases. There are an estimated 500 in the wild in England. Last week, the government announced that, with a license, it is now legal for conservationists (自然保护主义者) to release beavers into the wild, with no enclosures necessary. “The problem with enclosures is they are only really a short-term solution, as after a couple of years the beavers have need to make their own territories, and there’s no space for them to go.” said David Brown, the National Trust’s nature director at Purbeck. Conservationists have been campaigning for the return of the beaver for decades because it is a keystone species, whose presence allows other creatures to thrive. This is because beavers create complex wetland habitats by digging channels and pools and constructing leaky dams. Their dams also filter pollution, helping to clean up rivers, and can prevent flooding as well as drought. The trust has worked with local farmers and landowners to ensure the beavers do not cause unwanted disruption. Purbeck hopes it will spur year-round nature tourism as people come to see the beavers and the habitat they create. “We have been seeing a shift away from bucket-and-spade tourism to nature tourism, and that is more sustainable,” Brown said. The nature minister, Mary Creagh, was there to watch the release. She said: “I am thrilled that, after being hunted to extinction centuries ago, wild beavers are finally here to stay. Today is an important milestone for national nature recovery.” 1．What is the current plan for releasing beavers in the Purbeck Heaths nature reserve? A．To release all 25 beavers at once. B．To start with four beavers and release more in the future if successful. C．To release beavers only into fenced enclosures. D．To release beavers without any legal permission. 2．Why are enclosures considered a short-term solution for beavers? A．Because beavers need to create their own territories and enclosures limit their space. B．Because enclosures are too expensive to maintain. C．Because beavers do not survive well in enclosures. D．Because enclosures are illegal in England. 3．What aspect of the beavers do conservationists highlight? A．Their popularity among tourists. B．Their capability of constructing dams. C．Their adaptability to the environment. D．Their impact on the ecosystem. 4．What is the overall attitude of the National Trust and the nature minister towards the release of beavers? A．They are indifferent and see it as a minor event. B．They are concerned about the potential disruption to local farmers. C．They are enthusiastic and view it as a significant step for nature recovery and sustainable tourism. D．They are skeptical about the long-term success of the beaver release. B For every one article on some positive aspect, some positive element of life, wellbeing, satisfaction, joy, happiness, you get 21 articles on depression, anxiety and so on. Ratio of 21 to 1. Studies focus primarily on what doesn't work. And this is not a new phenomenon. The science of psychology（心理）has been far more successful on the negative than on the positive side. It has revealed to us much more about man's shortcomings, his illnesses, but little about his potentialities, his virtues or his psychological height. We study a lot of depression and anxiety, misjudgments and errors, very much focusing on this aspect and very little on the positive. If you had a person who 21 hours in a day was depressed and one hour in a day felt good or one day feeling good and then 21 days feeling anxious and depressed, you would say that this person would need help. And I think psychology needs help. Today depression is 10 times higher than it was in 1960. Now part of it is because there's more awareness, because we measure better. But that's not all. It's also simply because objectively there's more depression. The average age for depression today is less than 15. Kids at very young age are introduced to the "information highway". And very often, they are not prepared, not able to deal with it in an effective way. So when we look at this data, we say we do need more research to help people overcome depression or anxiety. And there seems nothing wrong about that. According to the studies, 47% Harvard students over the past year have experienced depression to the point of not functioning. So they couldn't leave home. They were really struggling to just basically get through the day. Now this is not unique to United States. We have a global epidemic here. And once again going back: Is the 21:1 ratio good? How can we even think about studying happiness and well-being and love and joy? What I'm going to argue for is that we do need to also focus on the positive. I am going to talk about three reasons why we should do that. The first reason is that it is important to focus or what works, because what works or what we focus on rather creates reality. If we focus on what is working, we'll have more working in our world, more working in ourselves, more working in our relationships. The second reason why positive psychology as an independent field of study is important is that being happy is not just the negative statement of depression. It doesn't mean just getting rid of depression or anxiety that I am experiencing so I spontaneously（自然而然）become happy. That's not the case. That's not how it works. And finally, prevention, which is the most effective way of preventing hardship, is actually realized by focusing on and cultivating the positive. So for these three reasons, we need positive psychology. 5．By using the ratio of 21 to 1, the author means in fact that__________. A．on an average a person is depressed 21 hours a day and feels good one hour B．most articles and studies focus primarily on what goes wrong C．the science of psychology has revealed human's nature D．nearly half of Harvard and nationwide students suffer from depression 6．Which is the main reason why depression is 10 times higher than it was in 1960? A．Simply because people are more aware and we measure better B．Mainly because teenagers are too weak to fight it. C．Objectively because there's more depression in the present world. D．Possibly because we lack effective way to deal with depression. 7．What is NOT closely related to positive psychology? A．Preventing depression or anxiety by focusing on and cultivating the positive feelings. B．Offering various ways of overcoming the negative feelings. C．Focusing on what is working to have more working in our life. D．Being happy is not equal to avoiding being unhappy. 8．What might the author agree with in this article? A．It is essential for our research to focus more on the bright side B．There is no need for the science of psychology to deal with the negative side. C．The conflict between the negative psychology and positive one can't be avoided. D．We have to remove depression completely in order to be happy. 七、完形填空 The suburb I live in backs onto a large nature reserve (自然保护区). One morning I saw a koala sitting in a palm tree in my front yard. I phoned around to ask what I could 9 this koala, but no one knew. I ended up 10 the koala out of my tree and we crossed the road 11 for him to return to the nature reserve. I’ve always been befriending animals. As a young kid I used to pick up lizard eggs and 12 them. It stimulated my interest as to why there wasn’t anyone waiting to come and 13 this koala in my tree. After that, I signed up for all the 14 I could find. Once I had a letter of accreditation (合格证明书), I volunteered with the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) in 2014, rehabilitating (使康复) wildlife. I was an ambulance driver, 15 overnight rescues. We rescued hundreds of animals and 16 more. One day, I thought why not 17 my own rescue group focusing on my backyard? I purchased a two-acre property and built enclosures (围场) on it to 18 injured animals. Last year, I planted 300 eucalyptus trees, with seven varieties to 19 the koalas. I cut the leaves of the eucalyptus trees for the koalas to eat and look after the 20 wildlife at our centre. If they recover, they are 21 back to where they come from. As a kid I would never have imagined doing this. I feel like I’m the 22 girl on the planet that I get to do what I love. I believe it’s my 23 . 9．A．learn from B．do with C．inquire about D．save on 10．A．kicking B．shooting C．coaching D．blowing 11．A．together B．illegally C．angrily D．guiltily 12．A．eat B．boil C．break D．hatch 13．A．rescue B．admire C．purchase D．identify 14．A．courses B．races C．fairs D．shows 15．A．watching B．attending C．recording D．assessing 16．A．made out B．ran across C．gave up D．cared for 17．A．leave B．start C．dismiss D．advertise 18．A．house B．hunt C．train D．amuse 19．A．confuse B．direct C．feed D．test 20．A．aggressive B．hungry C．deserted D．injured 21．A．sold B．released C．thrown D．dragged 22．A．quietest B．greediest C．noisiest D．luckiest 23．A．guess B．calling C．treat D．Fault 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $