高二英语下学期期中模拟卷01（沪教版，上海专用）

听力考试正式开始。Did you finish the report for mr. smith? almost. I just need to check the data one more time. Question, what does the man mean? Listen to the next question. should we take the bus to the park? It's only a ten minute walk and the weather is nice. Question, what will they probably do? Listen to the next question. I can't find my keys. Have you seen them? I have searched the entire living room. They're on the kitchen table next to your bag. Question, where are the keys? Listen to the next question. The movie starts at seven P. M. Let's me half an hour before the film starts. Okay, but I might be ten minutes late. Question, when will the woman arrive? Listen to the next question. How do you feel about the upcoming company annual meeting? Mark, i'm looking forward to IT. It's a great opportunity to bond with colleagues and share ideas in a relax setting question. What is the man's opinion of the company annual meeting? Listen to the next question. Do you know if the library is open on weekends? Yes, but IT closes at five pm on sundays. Question, what does the woman say about the library? Listen to the next question. I'm thinking of buying a new laptop. Any suggestions? The one I bought last month is really good. It's on sale now. Question, what does the man suggest? Listen to the next question. I heard your moving to a new apartment. Yes, it's closer to my office so I can save time. Commuting question, what does the woman imply about her current apartment? Listen to the next question. The concert tickets are sold out. What should we do? Let's check online. Sometimes people resell their tickets. Question, what does the woman imply about the tickets? Listen to the next question. Have you considered the implications of the new environmental regulations on our project? Lara. yes. We've discussed at length they require us to adopt more sustainable practices, which might increase costs initially, but we'll benefit us in the long run. Question, what impact do the new environmental regulations have on the project? Listen to the next question. In recent years, the popularity of electric vehicles EVES has grown significantly. Many people are choosing evs over traditional gasoline powered cars because they are more environmentally friendly. Evs produce zero emissions, which helps produce air pollution and combat climate change. Additionally, evs are often cheaper to maintain since they have fewer moving parts and don't require oil changes. However, there are still some chAllenges to widespread evy adoption. One major issue is the limited availability of charging stations, especially in rural areas. Another concern is the time IT takes to charging EV compared to the quick refusing of a gasoline car. Despite these chAllenges, governments and companies are investing heavily in improving EV technology and infrastructure. For example, many countries are offering financial aims to encourage people to buy evs, such as tax breaks and subsidies. In recent years, the popularity of electric vehicles evs has grown significantly. Many people are choosing evs over traditional gasoline power cars because they are more environmentally friendly. Evs produce zero emissions, which helps reduce air pollution and combat climate change. Additionally, evs are often cheaper to maintain since they have fewer moving parts and don't require oil changes. However, there are still some chAllenges to widespread EV adoption. One major issue is the limited availability of charge stations, especially in rural areas. Another concern is the time IT takes to charge in E, B, compared to the quick revealing of a gasoline car. Despite these chAllenges, governments and companies are investing heavily in improving EV technology and infrastructure. For example, many countries are offering financial AIDS to encourage people to buy evs, such as tax breaks and subsidies. Why are many people choosing electric vehicles over traditional cars? Twelve, what is one chAllenge of using electric vehicles? Thirteen, what are governments doing to encourage the purchase of electric vehicles? Listen to the next question. Good morning, everyone. Welcome to our series on how urban spaces are changing. Today we're going to talk about the evolution of city parks and why they matter more than ever. Our story starts in mid eighteen. Hundreds cities were bombing because of industrial ization. Streets were packed with people, horses and carriages. But even with all this activity, there was a strong desire for peace and nature. That's when city parks like new york's central park and london's hide park came in. They were like, calm. Oasis is in the busy cities. These parks were made to be a getaway from the noise and pollution of city life. Families could have picnics, kids could play and couples could walk together. As time moved on, parks change to fit the needs of city people. In the one thousand nine hundreds, parks started to add things like playgrounds, sports facilities and places for concerts. This made them community centers where everyone could join in different activities. In recent years, the focus has been on sustainability and keeping the environment safe. Many city parks now use solar lights, collect rainwater and have plants that are native to the area. These actions help lessen the environmental impact of the parks and teach visitors why it's important to take care of nature. Today, city parks are still very important for relaxation and fun. They help clean the air, lower stress and build a sense of community. Whether it's jogging in the morning, picnicking in the afternoon or listening to a concert in the evening. These Green spaces are a crucial part of city life, and that's our look at how city parks have grown and shaped our cities. Thanks for listening, and stay tuned for more insights into the world around us. Good morning, everyone. Welcome to our series on how urban spaces are changing. Today we're going to talk about the evolution of city parks and why they matter more than ever. Our story starts in the mid eighteen hundreds. Cities were booming ing because of industrialized streets were packed with people, horses and carriages. But even with all this activity, there was a strong desire for peace and nature. That's when city parks like new york's central park and london's hide park came in. They were like calm oasis in the busy cities. These parks were made to be a getaway from the noise and pollution of city life. Families could have picnics, kids could play and couples could walk together. As time moved on, parks changed to fit the needs of city people. In the hundred hundred hundreds. Parks started to add things like playgrounds, sports facilities in places for concerts. This made them community centres where everyone could join in different activities. In recent years, the focus has been on sustainability. In keeping the environment safe. Many city parks now use solar lights, collect rainwater and have plants that are native to the area. These actions help listen the environmental impact of the parks, and teach is why it's important to take care of nature. Today, city parks are still very important for relaxation and fun. They help clean the air, lower stress and build a sense of community, whether it's jogging in the morning, picnicking in the afternoon or listening to a concert in the evening. These Green spaces are a crucial part of city life, and that's our look at how city parks have grown in, shaped our cities. Thanks for listening, and stay tuned for more insights into the world around us. Questions, why did city parks emerge in the mid eighteen hundreds? Which feature is not mentioned as part of the evolution of city parks in the twenties th century. What is one key focus of city parks in recent years, according to the speech? Listen to the next question. Hey, tom, have you decided what to play for the music festival next friday? almost. I'm thinking of plane three songs, one original and two covers. But i'm still deciding between a beetle song or a cold play, one for the finally. what do you think? Um tough choice. The beetles are classic, but cold play might appeal more to our generation. By the way, have you checked the technical requirements with the stage team? Not yet. What do I need to know? Well, you'll need to bring your own guitar and cables, but the sound system and microphones will be provided. Also, there's a ten minute limit for each performance, so make sure your performance fits with than that got. IT, what about rehearsals? Can I practice on the stage before the event? Yes, we've scheduled a rehearsal session on thursday after school. It's from four to six P. M. Make sure you're . there on time. I'll be there. Oh, and one more thing, are we allowed to sell merchandise like cds or t shirts at the festival? Unfortunately, no, the school policy doesn't allow selling anything during school events, but you can promote your social media or youtube channel if you have one. Okay, thanks for the information. sera. I'll see you at the rehearsal. No problem. Good luck with your final preparations. Hey, tom, have you decided what to play for the music festival next friday? almost. I'm thinking a plane, three songs, one original and two covers. But i'm still deciding in a beetle song or a cold play, one for the family. What do you think? Tough choice? The beatles are classic, but cold play might appeal more to our generation. By the way, have you checked the technical requirements with the stage team? Not yet. What do I need to know? Well, you'll need to bring your own guitar and cables, but the sound system and microphones will be provided. Also, there's a ten minute limit for each performance, so make sure your performance fits within that. Got IT. What about rehearsals? Can I practice on the stage . before the event? Yes, we've scheduled a rehearsal session on thursday after school is from four to six P. M. Make sure you're there on time. I'll be there. Oh, and one more thing, are we allowed to sell merchandise like cds or t shirts at . the festival? Unfortunately, no, the school policy doesn't allow selling anything during school events. But you can promote your social media or youtube channel if . you have one. Okay, thanks for the information, Sarah. I'll see you at . the rehearsal. No problem. Good luck with your final preparations. questions. What is tom struggling to decide about his performance? What equipment does tom need to bring for his performance? When is the rehearsal session scheduled? What is tom not allowed to do at the music festival? 听力部分到此结束。 2025-2026学年高二下学期期中模拟卷01（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1． A．He hasn’t started the report. B．He has already submitted the report. C．He needs help with the report. D．He is almost done with the report. 【答案】D 【原文】W: Did you finish the report for Mr. Smith? M: Almost. I just need to check the data one more time. Q: What does the man mean? 2． A．Take the bus. B．Walk to the park. C．Stay at home. D．Drive to the park. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Should we take the bus or walk to the park? W: It’s only a 10-minute walk, and the weather is nice. Q: What will they probably do? 3． A．In the bag. B．In the car. C．On the kitchen table. D．In the living room. 【答案】C 【原文】W: I can’t find my keys. Have you seen them? I have searched the entire living room. M: They’re on the kitchen table, next to your bag. Q: Where are the keys? 4． A．At 6:30. B．At 6:40. C．At 7:00. D．At 7:10. 【答案】B 【原文】M: The movie starts at 7:00 p.m. Let’s meet half an hour before the film starts. W: OK, but I might be 10 minutes late. Q: When will the woman arrive? 5． A．He thinks it’s unnecessary. B．He’s looking forward to it. C．He doesn’t care either way. D．He prefers individual work over team activities. 【答案】B 【原文】W: How do you feel about the upcoming company annual meeting, Mark? M: I’m looking forward to it. It’s a great opportunity to bond with colleagues and share ideas in a relaxed setting. Q: What is the man’s opinion of the company annual meeting? 6． A．It closes early on Sundays. B．It’s closed on weekends. C．It’s open all day on Sundays. D．It’s only open on Saturdays. 【答案】A 【原文】M: Do you know if the library is open on weekends? W: Yes, but it closes at 5:00 PM on Sundays. Q: What does the woman say about the library? 7． A．Buying a second-hand laptop. B．Waiting for a better sale. C．Buying the same laptop as he has. D．Avoiding the sale for laptops. 【答案】C 【原文】W: I’m thinking of buying a new laptop. Any suggestions? M: The one I bought last month is really good. It’s on sale now. Q: What does the man suggest? 8． A．It’s too expensive. B．It’s too far from her office. C．It’s too small. D．It’s in a noisy neighborhood. 【答案】B 【原文】M: I heard you’re moving to a new apartment. W: Yes, it’s closer to my office, so I can save time commuting. Q: What does the woman imply about her current apartment? 9． A．They are too expensive. B．They will be available at the door. C．They are not worth buying. D．They might still be available online. 【答案】D 【原文】M: The concert tickets are sold out. What should we do? W: Let’s check online. Sometimes people resell their tickets. Q: What does the woman imply about the tickets? 10． A．They increase costs but will benefit in the long term. B．They force the project to stop due to high costs. C．They make no significant use of the project. D．They lead to a decrease in project quality. 【答案】A 【原文】M: Have you considered the implications of the new environmental regulations on our project, Laura? W: Yes, we’ve discussed it at length. They require us to adopt more sustainable practices, which might increase costs initially but will benefit us in the long run. Q: What impact do the new environmental regulations have on their project? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．A．They are faster than gasoline-powered cars. B．They are more environmentally friendly. C．They are easier to drive. D．They are more luxurious. 12．A．They are more expensive to maintain. B．They require frequent oil changes. C．There are not enough charging stations. D．They are not allowed on highways. 13．A．Building more gasoline stations. B．Offering tax breaks and subsidies. C．Banning traditional cars. D．Reducing the price of gasoline. 【答案】11．B 12．C 13．B 【原文】 In recent years, the popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) has grown significantly. Many people are choosing EVs over traditional gasoline-powered cars because they are more environmentally friendly. EVs produce zero emissions, which helps reduce air pollution and combat climate change. Additionally, EVs are often cheaper to maintain since they have fewer moving parts and don’t require oil changes. However, there are still some challenges to widespread EV adoption. One major issue is the limited availability of charging stations, especially in rural areas. Another concern is the time it takes to charge an EV compared to the quick refueling of a gasoline car. Despite these challenges, governments and companies are investing heavily in improving EV technology and infrastructure. For example, many countries are offering financial aids to encourage people to buy EVs, such as tax breaks and subsidies. Questions: 11.Why are many people choosing electric vehicles over traditional cars? 12.What is one challenge of using electric vehicles? 13.What are governments doing to encourage the purchase of electric vehicles? 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．A．To provide entertainment for wealthy individuals. B．To offer a retreat from the chaos and pollution of industrial cities. C．To serve as venues for political gatherings. D．To facilitate trade and commerce. 15．A．The addition of playgrounds. B．The inclusion of sports facilities. C．The establishment of places for concerts. D．The creation of large shopping malls. 16．A．Building more parking facilities. B．Planting exotic species of plants. C．Promoting environmental protection. D．Hosting international sporting events. 【答案】14．B 15．D 16．C 【原文】    Good morning, everyone. Welcome to our series on how urban spaces are changing. Today, we’re going to talk about the evolution of city parks and why they matter more than ever.     Our story starts in the mid-1800s. Cities were booming because of industrialization. Streets were packed with people, horses, and carriages. But even with all this activity, there was a strong desire for peace and nature.     That’s when city parks, like New York’s Central Park and London’s Hyde Park, came in. They were like calm oases in the busy cities. These parks were made to be a getaway from the noise and pollution of city life. Families could have picnics, kids could play, and couples could walk together.     As time moved on, parks changed to fit the needs of city people. In the 1900s, parks started to add things like playgrounds, sports facilities, and places for concerts. This made them community centers where everyone could join in different activities.     In recent years, the focus has been on sustainability and keeping the environment safe. Many city parks now use solar lights, collect rainwater, and have plants that are native to the area. These actions help lessen the environmental impact of the parks and teach visitors why it’s important to take care of nature.     Today, city parks are still very important for relaxation and fun. They help clean the air, lower stress, and build a sense of community. Whether it’s jogging in the morning, picnicking in the afternoon, or listening to a concert in the evening, these green spaces are a crucial part of city life.     And that’s our look at how city parks have grown and shaped our cities. Thanks for listening, and stay tuned for more insights into the world around us. Questions: 14.Why did city parks emerge in the mid-1800s? 15.Which feature is NOT mentioned as part of the evolution of city parks in the 20th century? 16.What is one key focus of city parks in recent years according to the speech? 听下面一段长对话，回答以下小题。 17．A．Whether to play an original song or a cover. B．Whether to perform alone or with a band. C．Whether to play a Beatles song or a Coldplay song. D．Whether to use his own guitar or the school’s. 18．A．A guitar and cables. B．A microphone and cables. C．A sound system and a guitar. D．A microphone and a sound system. 19．A．Wednesday after school. B．Thursday from 4:00 to 6:00 PM. C．Friday before the festival. D．Saturday morning. 20．A．Promote his social media. B．Perform for 10 minutes. C．Use the school’s sound system. D．Sell merchandise like CDs or T-shirts. 【答案】17．C 18．A 19．B 20．D 【原文】F: Hey Tom, have you decided what to play for the music festival next Friday? M: Almost! I’m thinking of playing three songs: one original and two covers. But I’m still deciding between a Beatles song or a Coldplay one for the finale. What do you think? F: Hmm, tough choice. The Beatles are classic, but Coldplay might appeal more to our generation. By the way, have you checked the technical requirements with the stage team? M: Not yet. What do I need to know? F: Well, you’ll need to bring your own guitar and cables, but the sound system and microphones will be provided. Also, there’s a 10-minute limit for each performance, so make sure your performance fits within that. M: Got it. What about rehearsals? Can I practice on the stage before the event? F: Yes, we’ve scheduled a rehearsal session on Thursday after school. It’s from 4:00 to 6:00 PM. Make sure you’re there on time. M: I’ll be there. Oh, and one more thing—are we allowed to sell merchandise, like CDs or T-shirts, at the festival? F: Unfortunately, no. The school policy doesn’t allow selling anything during school events. But you can promote your social media or YouTube channel if you have one. M: OK. Thanks for the information, Sarah. I’ll see you at the rehearsal! F: No problem. Good luck with your final preparations! Questions: 1.What is Tom struggling to decide about his performance? 2.What equipment does Tom need to bring for his performance? 3.When is the rehearsal session scheduled? 4.What is Tom NOT allowed to do at the music festival? II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Spider found nursing its offspring with milk The words “spider” and “milk” are not two that you’d generally expect to see in the same sentence. But that’s exactly what researchers at an Asian academy of sciences have found: a spider mother feeding her babies with her own milk. This fascinating behavior 21 (observe) in a species of spider called Toxeus magnus. The researchers first made the discovery after noticing a baby spider hanging onto its mother in the lab in a way, 22 reminded them of a baby mammal (哺乳动物). Usually, only mammals produce milk for their babies, but some bird species can produce something known as “crop milk” 23 feed their young. However, the level of parental care 24 (see) in these spiders is quite rare. Female spiders of this species can lay up to 36 eggs 25 one time. When the baby spiders first hatched, they ate ‘milk’ that their mother had deposited in droplets around their nest. But soon, they began lining up to drink the milk directly from their mother. They continued doing this 26 they were about 40 days old, well after they were old enough to find food on their own. To test what they were observing, the researchers painted the mother spider to stop the milk 27 (reach) her babies. After this, all the baby spiders younger than 20 days old died. When the mother was removed from the nest, the older spiders grew more slowly and were 28 (likely) to survive to adulthood. This suggests that the milk was giving them a significant advantage. Isn’t it amazing to think about 29 diverse and unexpected nature can be? Spiders, usually thought of as independent and sometimes even scary creatures, showing such intense parental care and producing milk for their young 30 (be) truly a remarkable discovery. This shows that there’s always something new and surprising to learn about the world around us, even from creatures as tiny as spiders! 【答案】 21．was observed 22．which 23．to 24．seen 25．at 26．until 27．reaching 28．less likely 29．how 30．is 【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究发现一种蜘蛛会像哺乳动物一样用“奶”哺育后代，这种育儿方式极为罕见。实验证明蜘蛛奶对幼蛛生存至关重要，展现了大自然的神奇与未知。 21．考查时态语态。句意：这种奇特的行为是在一种名为“托克斯马格斯”的蜘蛛物种中被观察到的。主语behavior与observe构成被动关系，且发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was observed。 22．考查定语从句。句意：研究人员最初发现这一现象是在注意到一只幼蛛在实验室中以一种类似于哺乳动物幼崽的方式紧紧依附在母蛛身上的时候，这一发现让他们联想到了哺乳动物幼崽的行为。非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故填which。 23．考查介词。句意：通常，只有哺乳动物会为幼崽产奶，但一些鸟类能分泌被称为 “嗉囊乳” 的物质来喂养幼鸟。此处feed为不定式作目的状语，应填不定式符号to。故填to。 24．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，这类蜘蛛所展现出的父母关爱程度实属罕见。此处see与care构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填seen。 25．考查介词。句意：这种雌性蜘蛛一次可以产下多达36枚卵。短语at one time表示“一次”。故填at。 26．考查状语从句。句意：它们一直这样持续下去，直到大约40天大时才停止，而此时它们已经长大到能够独立觅食的程度了。引导时间状语从句，表示“直到”用until。故填until。 27．考查固定短语。句意：为了验证他们的观察结果，研究人员给母蜘蛛身上涂上了涂料，以阻止母蛛分泌的乳汁流入幼蛛体内。短语stop (from) doing sth.表示“阻止做某事”，本空用动名词，作宾语。故填reaching。 28．考查比较级。句意：当母蜘蛛被从巢中移出后，年长的蜘蛛生长速度会变慢，而且存活至成年期的可能性也会降低。根据grew more slowly可知可能性降低，likely的比较级在前面加less。故填less likely。 29．考查宾语从句。句意：想想看，大自然的多样性与奇妙之处难道不令人惊叹吗？引导宾语从句，表示“多么令人惊叹”用how。故填how。 30．考查时态。句意：蜘蛛通常被认为是独立且有时甚至令人畏惧的生物，但它们却展现出如此强烈的养育子女的关怀之情，并为幼崽分泌乳汁，这一发现着实令人惊叹。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语showing such intense parental care and producing milk for their young，谓语用单数。故填is。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．achievement   B．clients    C． construction  D．demonstrates  E. inspired F. integrated     G. privacy   H. philosophy    I. respecting     J. self-sustain  K.shades   Cool Schools in Burkina Faso If architects are people who like to think their way around challenges, building schools in Burkina Faso must be the dream job. The challenges are many: high temperatures, limited funds, scarce materials, and 31 young and in need of protection. Architect Diébédo Francis Kéré, who grew up in the village of Gando, knows these difficulties well. He and others, such as Albert Faus, have found innovative ways to use cheap, local materials to make schools and orphanage (孤儿院) cool and welcoming places without air conditioning. Kéré, who won the Pritzker Prize in 2022, has often said that his work is 32 by his community, which once raised money to support his education. His first major project, Gando Primary School, completed in 2001, combined local clay and traditional techniques with modern ideas. The villagers themselves took part in 33 , creating a structure that was comfortable even under the hot sun. Another of Kéré’s works, the Noomdo Orphanage near Koudougou, 34 his creative approach. The building provides temperature comfort — cool in heat and warm in cold — without needing air conditioning. Its design uses thick walls and light roofs so cool air flows in and hot air escapes. One key innovation is the raised and extended metal roof, which 35 the structure and lets hot air out, inspired by Persian Gulf architecture but given a modern form. The orphanage’s semicircular design also ensures 36 and safety, separating dormitories for boys and girls and creating calm, protected spaces for children. Architect Albert Faus’s Bangre Veenem school complex in Youlou follows a similar 37 . Built with locally sourced stone, the buildings remain cool while 38 traditional beliefs and sacred sites. The red bricks are strong, beautiful, and made by local workers. The school runs from nursery to high school, and students enjoy a comfortable environment that enhances concentration and learning. Solar panels provide electricity, allowing students to study and charge their phones at night — no small 39 in a country where only 22.5% of the population has electricity. Both Kéré and Faus prove that architecture in Burkina Faso can 40 through community engagement, local materials, and sustainable design. Their buildings not only meet environmental and economic challenges but also inspire pride and hope in education and community life. 【答案】 31．B 32．E 33．C 34．D 35．K 36．G 37．H 38．I 39．A 40．J 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了建筑师Diébédo Francis Kéré和Albert Faus在布基纳法索，利用当地廉价材料、结合创新设计建造凉爽舒适的学校和孤儿院，展现了可持续建筑理念及其意义。 31．考查名词。句意：挑战有很多：高温、资金有限、材料稀缺，还有需要保护的年轻客户。空处与high temperatures、limited funds等并列，作表语，结合后文young and in need of protection可知，名词clients（客户；受助者）符合语境，此处指需要保护的年轻受助群体。故选B。 32．考查动词。句意：2022年普利兹克奖得主Kéré经常说，他的作品受到了社区的启发，这个社区曾经筹款支持他的教育。空处作谓语，与is构成被动语态，结合which once raised money to support his education可知，他的作品被社区的善举启发，动词inspired（启发）的过去分词形式符合题意。故选E。 33．考查名词。句意：村民们亲自参与建造，打造出即使在烈日下也很舒适的建筑。空处作take part in的宾语，结合前文His first major project, Gando Primary School, completed in 2001可知，此处指村民参与学校的建造，名词construction（建造）符合题意。故选C。 34．考查动词。句意：Kéré的另一作品——库杜古附近的努姆多孤儿院，展示了他富有创意的方法。文章整体为一般现在时，空处作谓语，主语the Noomdo Orphanage为单数，动词用第三人称单数形式，结合后文对孤儿院设计的介绍，可知该作品展示了他的设计方法，动词demonstrates（展示）符合题意。故选D。 35．考查动词。句意：一个关键的创新是升高且延伸的金属屋顶，它为建筑遮挡阳光并排出热气，其灵感来自波斯湾建筑，但采用了现代形式。空处作谓语，主语the raised and extended metal roof为单数，结合常识，屋顶的作用是遮挡阳光，动词shades符合题意。故选K。 36．考查名词。句意：孤儿院的半圆形设计还确保了隐私和安全，将男孩和女孩的宿舍分开，并为孩子们创造了安静、受保护的空间。空处与safety并列，作ensures的宾语，结合separating dormitories for boys and girls可知，分开宿舍是为了保证隐私，名词privacy（隐私）符合题意。故选G。 37．考查名词。句意：建筑师Albert Faus在尤卢的Bangre Veenem学校综合体遵循了类似的理念。空处作follows的宾语，结合前文Kéré的设计理念及后文Built with locally sourced stone, the buildings remain cool可知，此处指两所建筑遵循类似的设计理念，名词philosophy（理念；哲学）符合题意。故选H。 38．考查动词。句意：该建筑采用当地采购的石头建造，在尊重传统信仰和圣地的同时，保持凉爽。空处作伴随状语，结合traditional beliefs and sacred sites可知，此处指尊重传统和圣地，动词respect（尊重）符合句意，逻辑主语the buildings与respect之间为主动关系，respect用现在分词。故选I。 39．考查名词。句意：太阳能电池板提供电力，让学生们可以在晚上学习和给手机充电——在一个只有22.5%人口有电的国家，这绝非小事。空处作no small的宾语，结合前文Solar panels provide electricity可知，在电力匮乏的国家，这是一项不小的成就，名词achievement（成就）符合题意。故选A。 40．考查动词。句意：Kéré和Faus都证明，布基纳法索的建筑可以通过社区参与、当地材料和可持续设计实现自我维持。空处作谓语，情态动词can后接动词原形，结合community engagement, local materials, and sustainable design可知，这样的建筑可以实现自我维持，动词self-sustain（自我维持）符合题意。故选J。 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Why do we mourn public figures? On 8 September 2022, Queen Elizabeth II died at the age of 96. At the time of writing, the UK is in the midst of a prolonged period of public mourning. Regardless of your thoughts about the monarchy, it’s undeniable that countless people were genuinely saddened by the Queen’s passing, and that many have been experiencing profound grief 41 it. This is a fascinating phenomenon, because grief is a complex and demanding process. So, why would so many 42 grief over the loss of someone they’ve likely never met, and who almost certainly had no idea that they existed? Rather than an oddity, such grief is actually 43 . It’s because of how our brains work. Humans are incredibly social creatures. It’s the basis for our dominance of the planet. We form 44 connections with other individuals like no other species. But despite what many assume, this need not be a mutual thing. It’s entirely possible for us to deeply and emotionally 45 someone who doesn’t even know we’re there. Parasocial relationships are the basis of 46 culture and every sort of fandom. After all, it’s entirely possible for people to develop deep and powerful emotions for individuals who don’t even exist. If we take this into account, it suddenly doesn’t seem so odd then that people would be able to 47 genuine affection for a real individual, especially one who may have been a(n) 48 of their world for decades. 49 , they would also then experience grief as a result of the death of that person. And because human sociability is so important, we’re often keen to express that grief with others, especially with those who share similar feelings. It’s another way of 50 , of reinforcing our remaining connections, at a time when we’ve lost one. But humans aren’t just social. We’re also hierarchical (有层级的), we instinctively. 51 status, like being looked up to by others, and looking up to others in turn. We learn from others and the examples they provide. From back in the early days of our species, where aspiring to be like the best hunters or warriors was a useful survival trait, to the present day, we 52 to look up to, identify with and want to imitate the visibly more successful members of our society. While the death of a high-profile and beloved individual often leads to widespread public mourning, the Queen’s passing is 53 on an even more profound level. This is because the Queen was visibly the head of British public life for seven decades. For someone living in the UK, she was just ‘there’, all day every day. On our money, our stamps, in the anthem, involved in all our laws and politics. She was essentially 54 . And her death showed us that one of the parts of our world which had seemed so 55 and unchanging, wasn’t. This made our world feel suddenly and fundamentally more uncertain. 41．A．in addition to B．as a result of C．in return for D．in contrast to 42．A．experience B．control C．disguise D．overcome 43．A．bitter B．genuine C．endless D．commonplace 44．A．apparent B．casual C．close D．emotional 45．A．refer to B．agree with C．invest in D．appeal to 46．A．celebrity B．mainstream C．street D．youth 47．A．return B．develop C．betray D．win 48．A．image B．spokesperson C．guest D．part 49．A．Scarcely B．Temporarily C．Accordingly D．Unfairly 50．A．surviving B．improving C．mourning D．bonding 51．A．examine B．question C．restore D．value 52．A．afford B．incline C．endure D．refuse 53．A．influential B．mysterious C．peaceful D．natural 54．A．international B．ideal C．inescapable D．virtuous 55．A．academic B．reliable C．diplomatic D．unreal 【答案】 41．B 42．A 43．D 44．D 45．C 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．C 50．D 51．D 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨人们悼念公众人物的原因，涉及大脑运作、社交关系及层级心理，以英女王为例说明其逝世带来的深刻影响。 41．考查介词短语辨析。句意：不可否认的是，无数人对女王的去世感到由衷的悲痛，而且许多人因此经历着深深的悲痛。A. in addition to除……之外；B. as a result of由于，因为；C. in return for作为……的回报；D. in contrast to与……形成对比。根据上文“countless people were genuinely saddened by the Queen’s passing”可知，很多人因为女王的去世而悲痛，as a result of符合语境，many have been experiencing profound grief as a result of it 意思是“许多人因为女王的去世而经历着深深的悲痛”。故选B项。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么，为什么会有这么多人会为一个他们可能从未见过，而且几乎肯定不知道他们存在的人的离世而经历悲痛呢？A. experience经历；B. control控制；C. disguise伪装；D. overcome克服。根据上文“many have been experiencing profound grief”可知，这里说的是人们经历悲痛，experience grief。表示“经历悲痛”，符合语境。故选A项。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种悲痛并非怪事，实际上是很常见的。A. bitter痛苦的；B. genuine真诚的；C. endless无尽的；D. commonplace常见的，普通的。根据上文“Rather than an oddity”以及下文“It’s because of how our brains work.”可知，这种悲痛是常见的，commonplace符合语境。故选D项。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们与其他个体形成了情感上的联系，这是其他物种所没有的。A. apparent明显的；B. casual随意的；C. close亲密的；D. emotional情感上的。根据下文“it’s entirely possible for us to deeply and emotionally invest in someone who doesn’t even know we’re there”可知，这里强调的是情感上的联系，emotional符合语义。故选D项。 45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们完全有可能在情感上投入到一个甚至不知道我们存在的人身上。A. refer to参考，涉及；B. agree with同意；C. invest in投入；D. appeal to吸引。根据上文提到人类会与他人形成联系，以及“this need not be a mutual thing”可知，这里说我们可能在情感上投入到一个不认识我们的人身上，invest in符合语境，invest in someone，表示在某人身上投入情感。故选C项。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：准社会关系是名人文化和各种粉丝群体的基础。A. celebrity名人；B. mainstream主流；C. street街道；D. youth青年。根据上文“Parasocial relationships”以及下文“and every sort of fandom”和语境可知，准社会关系是名人文化的基础，celebrity culture，表示“名人文化”，符合语境。故选A项。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们考虑到这一点，那么人们能够对一个真实的人产生真正的喜爱，尤其是一个可能几十年来一直是他们世界一部分的人，这突然就不那么奇怪了。A. return返回；B. develop发展，产生；C. betray背叛；D. win赢得。根据上文人们会在情感上投入到他人身上，以及“genuine affection for a real individual”可知，这里说人们能够产生对一个真实的人的喜爱，develop affection，表示“产生喜爱”，符合语境。故选B项。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们考虑到这一点，那么人们能够对一个真实的人产生真正的喜爱，尤其是一个可能几十年来一直是他们世界一部分的人，这突然就不那么奇怪了。A. image形象；B. spokesperson发言人；C. guest客人；D. part部分。根据下文“for decades”以及女王在英国的地位等可知，女王几十年来一直是很多人世界的一部分，a part of their world符合语境。故选D项。 49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，他们也会因为那个人的去世而经历悲痛。A. Scarcely几乎不；B. Temporarily暂时地；C. Accordingly因此；D. Unfairly不公平地。根据上文“people would be able to 　7　 genuine affection for a real individual”可知，人们会对一个人产生喜爱，那么相应地，当这个人去世时就会经历悲痛，Accordingly，表示“因此”，符合上下文逻辑关系。故选C项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们失去一种联系的时候，这是另一种建立联系的方式，是强化我们剩余联系的方式。A. surviving幸存；B. improving提高；C. mourning哀悼；D. bonding建立关系。根据下文“of reinforcing our remaining connections”可知，这里说的是一种建立联系的方式，bonding，表示“建立关系”，符合语境。故选D项。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们是有层级的，我们本能地重视地位，比如被别人仰望，反过来又仰望别人。A. examine检查；B. question质疑；C. restore恢复；D. value重视。根据上文“We’re also hierarchical (有层级的)”以及下文“like being looked up to by others, and looking up to others in turn”可知，我们本能地重视地位，value status，表示“重视地位”，符合语境。故选D项。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从我们物种的早期开始，渴望像最好的猎手或战士一样是一种有用的生存特征，到了今天，我们倾向于仰望、认同并想要模仿我们社会中明显更成功的成员。A. afford负担得起；B. incline倾向；C. endure忍受；D. refuse拒绝。根据上文“From back in the early days of our species, where aspiring to be like the best hunters or warriors was a useful survival trait, to the present day”可知，我们一直以来都倾向于仰望更成功的人，incline to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，符合语境。故选B项。 53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然一位备受瞩目和爱戴的人物的去世往往会导致广泛的公众哀悼，但女王的去世在更深层次上产生了影响。A. influential有影响力的；B. mysterious神秘的；C. peaceful和平的；D. natural自然的。根据 下文“the Queen was visibly the head of British public life for seven decades”可知，女王的去世影响很大，influential符合语境。故选A项。 54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她基本上是无法回避的。A. international国际的；B. ideal理想的；C. inescapable无法回避的；D. virtuous有道德的。根据上文“For someone living in the UK, she was just ‘there’, all day every day. On our money, our stamps, in the anthem, involved in all our laws and politics.”可知，女王在英国人的生活中无处不在，是无法回避的，inescapable符合语境。故选C项。 55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的去世向我们表明，我们世界中似乎如此可靠和不变的一部分，并非如此。A. academic学术的；B. reliable可靠的；C. diplomatic外交的；D. unreal不真实的。根据下文“and unchanging”以及女王在英国长期存在的情况可知，这里说的是女王曾经是被认为可靠和不变的一部分，reliable符合语境。故选B项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A The fire raced through Lahaina last August so fast that it killed 100 people and destroyed more than 2,200 buildings. It left more than 7,000 people without their possessions and in need of shelter. That afternoon, Kalyn Lepre, a 36-year-old nutritional therapist, grabbed her wallet and drove out of town. She lost everything else in her four-bedroom house: clothes, documents, jewelry and seven surfboards. Lepre surfed almost every day; surfing was a source of joy and a means to maintain her mental health. Seeing her surfboards reduced to a pile of fibers — especially her prized baby blue custom long board — was heart-wrenching. “I was so in love with that board,” she says. Jud Lau understood. The 53-year-old Maui native has been riding the waves since he was a teenager, and he’s been building surfboards for the last 15 years. He knows the value of a good surfboard. “A surfboard is part of your whole being especially in Hawaii, where surfing originated,” he says. “Losing a board is like losing a part of your soul. ” So, wanting to help the victims in some way, he started thinking about all the surfers who had lost their boards. “And I thought, that’s my area of expertise,” he says. “Surfing is a healing thing for surfers — getting in the ocean, connecting to Mother Nature. ” He realized he could give that back to them. Lau started by connecting people who wanted to donate extra boards to those who had lost theirs, about 200 boards total. Friends in Oahu and California collected another 550 boards and shipped them to Maui for Lau to distribute. But many surfers, like Lepre, use custom boards designed to accommodate their size or the type of waves they ride. So Lau turned to cash donations — raising about $20,000 — to cover the cost of materials for shaping custom boards to give away. Donating his labor, he made more than 40 boards that typically would have retailed for $ 600 to S1,500 each. He also persuaded the other shapers on the island, about a dozen of them, to make at least one board each, providing around 20 more surfboards. The recipients of Lau’s efforts include Lepre. She messaged him what she’d lost and he shaped her a high-performance, 9-foot, single-fin board with a sunset fading from yellow to orange and “Lahaina” in deep red letters in the middle. “I cried when I saw it.” Lepre says, “He created an art piece for me, and this tool would help me move forward. ” The new board allowed her to get back in the water and start healing. 56．According to the passage, what does surfing mean to Kalyn Lepre? A．It’s critical to her mental health. B．It’s optional in her everyday life. C．It’s a casual form of exercise for her. D．It’s her vital means of making a living. 57．In the second paragraph, the underlined word “heart-wrenching” is closest in meaning to ________. A．distracting B．frightening C．distressing D．puzzling 58．What can be inferred about Jud Lau’s motivation to help fire victims? A．He wanted to profit from selling surfboards B．He aimed to promote his surfboard business C．He believed surfing could aid emotional recovery D．He was ordered by local authorities to take action 59．The passage is mainly concerned with ________. A．the destructive force of a fire in Lahaina B．the significance of surfing for Hawaiian people C．how Kalyn Lepre overcame the grief of losing a surfboard D．how Jud Lau helped those who lost their surfboards in the fire 【答案】56．A 57．C 58．C 59．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了拉海纳大火后，冲浪板制作师Jud Lau通过捐赠、定制冲浪板，帮助受灾冲浪者走出伤痛的暖心故事。 56．细节理解题。根据第二段“Lepre surfed almost every day; surfing was a source of joy and a means to maintain her mental health. (勒普几乎每天都冲浪；冲浪是她快乐的源泉，也是维持心理健康的方式)”可知，对冲浪对她的心理健康至关重要。故选A。 57．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Lepre surfed almost every day; surfing was a source of joy and a means to maintain her mental health. Seeing her surfboards reduced to a pile of fibers — especially her prized baby blue custom long board — was heart-wrenching. (勒普几乎每天都冲浪；冲浪是她快乐的源泉，也是维持心理健康的方式。看着自己的冲浪板化为一堆纤维，尤其是她珍爱的淡蓝色定制长板，是heart-wrenching)”可知，勒普喜欢冲浪，所以看到珍爱的冲浪板化为纤维，这是令人悲痛的，heart-wrenching表示“令人悲痛的”，与distressing含义相近。故选C。 58．推理判断题。根据第四段“Surfing is a healing thing for surfers — getting in the ocean, connecting to Mother Nature. (对冲浪者来说，冲浪是一种治愈的方式——融入大海，与大自然相连)”可知，他认为冲浪能帮助情感恢复，这是他助人的动机。故选C。 59．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了Jud Lau在拉海纳火灾后，通过收集捐赠的冲浪板、筹集资金制作定制冲浪板等方式，帮助那些失去冲浪板的火灾受害者重新获得冲浪板，让他们能够继续冲浪，进行情感恢复。故选D。 B The Shimmering State by Meredith Westgate. Atria Books, 2021 ($27) Memoroxin, a personalized pill that replaces memories in people with Alzheimer’s, is being abused as a recreational drug. Disconnected from reality, Lucien and Sophie meet at a “Mem” health recovery center in Los Angeles, where personal psychological traumas, along with foreign memories, can be removed. They feel drawn to each other; have they met before? Like the film Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind , The Shimmering State explores whether the joys and pains of love can ever be fully erased. Through interconnected relationships, the novel delves into some of the moral dilemmas of a technology that can catalog and edit consciousness. —Jen Schwartz     Dark and Magical Places: The Neuroscience of Navigation by Christopher Kemp. W.W. Norton, 2022 ($26.95) Navigation is one of the most complex cognitive tasks humans engage in daily. In this fascinating dive into the brain, neurobiology researcher Christopher Kemp explores how we orient where we’re going, why we lose our way, and what scientists know about how we do both these things. Kemp’s explanations of concepts such as grid cells are clear and engaging, but the book shines brightest in his entertaining descriptions of his own chronic lostness, as well as in surprisingly moving stories about people who have wandered dangerously off route. Some make it home, but others don’t. —Tess Joosse Secret Worlds: The Extraordinary Senses of Animals by Martin Stevens. Oxford University Press, 2021 ($25.95) Ecologist Martin Stevens catalogs animals’ sensory systems and how they exceed our own while informing and challenging our reality as humans. The book has a narrative and inquisitive style that will show examples of the amazing capabilities they allow, from nocturnal dung beetles that orientate by using the Milky Way to sea turtles that navigate currents by reading the earth’s magnetic fields. Secret Worlds is filled with lessons on how different species evolved to perceive the world. —Jen St.Jude Once There Were Wolves by Charlotte McConaghy. Flatiron Books, 2021 ($27.99) Australian writer Charlotte McConaghy (author of Migrations ) delivers a thrilling and touching novel about a woman named Inti Flynn and her team of biologists who reintroduce gray wolves into Scotland’s remote Highlands. At first, the wolves seem to thrive, but when a farmer gets hurt, she suspects the man she loves. Her story unfolds as a social and scientific meditation on the consequences of influencing ecosystems, while reminding us that humans and animals alike can break our hearts. —Amy Brady 60．What can we infer from the introduction of The Shimmering State? A．Memoroxin, which cures Alzheimer’s, is a recreational drug. B．Lucien and Sophie feel drawn to each other for foreign memories. C．The book suggests the joys and pains of love should be completely removed. D．Editing consciousness by a technology may bring about some moral problems. 61．It can be learned from the whole passage that__________. A．among the four books, only Dark and Magical Places touches upon the topic of navigation B．the heroine in Once There Were Wolves doesn’t believe the farmer is hurt by wolves C．the highlights of Dark and Magical Places are Kemp’s explanations of some concepts D．McConaghy’s novel merely focuses on the social and scientific impact on the ecosystems 62．If Bob is interested in science and wants to gain more insight into animals’ perception of the world, which of the books should be recommended? A．The Shimmering State B．Dark and Magical Places C．Secret Worlds D．Once There Were Wolves 【答案】60．D 61．B 62．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要以书籍推荐的形式，分别介绍了四本不同类型的书籍，包括科幻小说、神经生物学科普书、动物感官科普书和生态主题小说，简要说明了每本书的作者、出版社、定价及核心内容。 60．推理判断题。根据《The Shimmering State》部分中的“Through interconnected relationships, the novel delves into some of the moral dilemmas of a technology that can catalog and edit consciousness.(这部小说通过人与人之间紧密相连的关系，深入探讨了一种能够记录并编辑人类意识的技术所引发的一些道德困境)”可推断，利用该技术编辑意识可能会带来一些道德层面的问题。故选D。 61．细节理解题。根据《Once There Were Wolves》部分中的“At first, the wolves seem to thrive, but when a farmer gets hurt, she suspects the man she loves.(起初，这些狼似乎适应得很好，但当一位农夫遭遇意外受伤后，她却怀疑上了自己深爱的男人)”可知，农夫受伤后，女主角并未怀疑是狼造成的，反而怀疑自己爱的人，由此可推断她不相信农夫是被狼所伤。故选B。 62．细节理解题。根据《Secret Worlds: The Extraordinary Senses of Animals》部分中的“Ecologist Martin Stevens catalogs animals’ sensory systems and how they exceed our own while informing and challenging our reality as humans.(生态学家马丁·史蒂文斯详细记载了动物的感官系统，以及这些系统如何超越人类的感官系统，同时为人类认知现实提供新的视角，也对人类既有的认知提出挑战)”和“Secret Worlds is filled with lessons on how different species evolved to perceive the world.(《神秘世界》一书详细阐述了不同物种如何进化出感知世界的能力)”可知，这两句话明确说明该书围绕动物的感官系统展开，讲解了不同动物感知世界的方式，恰好契合Bob想要了解动物对世界的感知这一需求。故选C。 C The Canonization of James Joyce When Richard Ellmann’s James Joyce hit the shelves in 1959, the sheer size of the book (842 pages, 100 longer than Ulysses) was as dazzling as the degree of detail. Joyce, who had been dead for 18 years, vividly inhabited its chapters, getting drunk, going blind, spending money, spiting enemies, cogitating, and, of course, creating a series of works that immediately made literary history. Moving briskly across the first half of the 20th century, Ellmann spun a tale about the formation of a writer whose name could be mentioned in the same breath as Homer’s without irony. Ellmann owed his triumph, in part, to being in the right place at the right time. By the early 1950s, he had spent a year at Trinity College Dublin researching his prizewinning essay on William Butler Yeats, received a Ph. D．from Yale, and become an ambitious 30-something professor at Northwestern University. Yeats’s widow (遗孀) was ready to provide introductions in Dublin; Stanislaus Joyce, his brother, had shared material from his diaries and unfinished memoir. Nelly Joyce, Stanislaus’s widow, unleashed holy-grail-grade manuscripts; so did Jolas. And Sylvia Beach, a fellow American and the fearless publisher of Ulysses, was still knocking around Paris willing to entertain questions. You also need charm, lots of it, to make a biography like James Joyce happen. Ellmann, a virtuosic chatter, could get people to do his bidding without ever seeming too pushy. A delivery of coal during the winter; some chocolates, cigarettes, cocoa, or tea in any season — accompanied by a carefully worded request, such offerings could go a long way when he needed to gain (or restrict) access to material. James Joyce was immediately recognized as a masterpiece — not just a comprehensive life-and-art account of Joyce, but a genre breakthrough. Developing a style that was at once detached and ornate, Ellmann works as a historical novelist, using facts as a springboard for a subtle psychological portrayal intertwined with layered critical interpretations. In his quest for a definitive biography of Joyce as a cosmopolitan artist, above the parochial fray, Ellmann downplayed Joyce’s interest in politics. In fact, before Joyce ever published a book, he wrote newspaper articles and delivered lectures in Italian about Irish nationalism and his disdain for British imperialism in his native country, work that shed helpful light on his fiction. “My political opinions,” he summed up in a letter to his brother, “are those of a Socialist artist.” His work is saturated with references to Irish history, politics, geography, and culture rich in allusions, both explicit and puzzle-like, to major figures and events. Still, to say that Ellmann is to Joyce what James Boswell is to Samuel Johnson is not too big a stretch. He didn’t arrive in time to befriend Joyce, but he got to the posthumous scene first; gathered fresh accounts; captured not just the context, but his subject’s character and his creative process. Not least, Ellmann emerged, as Boswell did, with a mold-breaking portrait that has retained an enduring power over the readers and scholars who have followed. 63．Which of the following contributed to Ellmann’s success in writing James Joyce? A．He obtained a letter of recommendation from a Yale professor for his research. B．Yeats’s widow facilitated his access to contacts within the Dublin community. C．Sylvia Beach furnished him with rare manuscripts of Joyce’s unpublished works. D．He drew on his own unfinished memoir to enrich the content of the biography. 64．The limitation of Ellmann’s James Joyce lies in _________. A．its overlooking Joyce’s anti-imperialist expressions and socialist stance. B．its failure to analyze the connection between Joyce’s works and Homer’s epics C．its laying insufficient emphasis on the influence of Yeats on Joyce’s writing. D．its lacking detailed descriptions of Joyce’s physical struggles and financial hardships. 65．What does the word “virtuosic” (Para. 3) most probably mean? A．Aggressive B．Skilled C．Awkward D．Modest 66．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To analyze Joyce’s literary achievements and political views. B．To introduce Ellmann’s biography of Joyce and its significance. C．To compare Joyce’s works with those of Homer and Yeats. D．To explain how to write a successful literary biography. 【答案】63．B 64．A 65．B 66．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了Richard Ellmann所著的《詹姆斯・乔伊斯》传记的成功因素、局限性，以及这部作品的文学意义。 63．细节理解题。根据第二段“Yeats’s widow was ready to provide introductions in Dublin (叶芝的遗孀愿意在都柏林为他提供引荐)”可知，叶芝遗孀帮助Ellmann建立了都柏林的社交联系。故选B。 64．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In his quest for a definitive biography of Joyce as a cosmopolitan artist, above the parochial fray, Ellmann downplayed Joyce’s interest in politics. In fact, before Joyce ever published a book, he wrote newspaper articles and delivered lectures in Italian about Irish nationalism and his disdain for British imperialism in his native country, work that shed helpful light on his fiction. “My political opinions,” he summed up in a letter to his brother, “are those of a Socialist artist.” (为了将乔伊斯写成一位超越狭隘纷争的世界主义艺术家，Ellmann淡化了乔伊斯对政治的兴趣。事实上，在乔伊斯出版任何作品之前，他就写过报纸文章，还用意大利语发表过关于爱尔兰民族主义、以及他对祖国境内英国帝国主义的蔑视的演讲，这些内容为理解他的小说提供了帮助。“我的政治观点，”他在给兄弟的信中总结道，“是一位社会主义艺术家的观点)”可知，Ellmann的传记忽视了乔伊斯的政治立场，即他的反帝国主义表达和社会主义立场。故选A。 65．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Ellmann, a virtuosic chatter, could get people to do his bidding without ever seeming too pushy. A delivery of coal during the winter; some chocolates, cigarettes, cocoa, or tea in any season — accompanied by a carefully worded request, such offerings could go a long way when he needed to gain (or restrict) access to material. (Ellmann是个____的交谈者，能让别人按他的意愿做事，却完全不会显得过于强硬。冬天送煤；一些巧克力、香烟、可可或任何季节的茶，再附上措辞谨慎的请求，当他需要获取或限制资料时，这些小礼物能帮上大忙)”可知，此处virtuosic表示“技艺高超的”，与“Skilled (熟练的)”意思相近。故选B。 66．推理判断题。第一段介绍了1959年Richard Ellmann所著《詹姆斯・乔伊斯》传记出版后的反响——篇幅宏大、细节丰富，生动还原了乔伊斯的生平，让其文学地位比肩荷马； 第二段说明了Ellmann创作该传记的“时机优势”——他具备学术背景，且乔伊斯的亲友及相关人士愿意为他提供资料； 第三段指出Ellmann的“个人魅力”是传记成功的因素之一——他擅长以巧妙方式说服他人配合，从而获取所需资料；第四段评价了《詹姆斯・乔伊斯》传记的文学价值——既是乔伊斯的生平与艺术全记录，也是传记体裁的突破，融合了历史小说式写法与心理、批评解读；第五段点明传记的局限性——Ellmann淡化了乔伊斯的政治立场，而乔伊斯实际有明确的反帝国主义与社会主义倾向； 第六段总结Ellmann传记的地位——将其比作“乔伊斯的 Boswell”，强调该传记捕捉了乔伊斯的特质，影响深远。 由此可知，文章围绕Ellmann所著的乔伊斯传记展开，阐述其创作与意义。故选B。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. “No One Goes Cold!” Washington is home to lots of trees — it is the Evergreen State, after all—and lots of fireplaces and wood-burning stoves too. But what if you lived there and couldn’t chop wood or couldn’t afford to pay someone to do it? Luckily, Shane McDaniel and his twin sons, Harrison and Henry McDaniel, 21, are happy to lend an ax. The three men chop truckloads of wood—then donate it to those in need. “ 67 ” That’s how Shane explained to heraldnet.com. “Or someone who has a broken shoulder and can’t cut wood.” 68 “I had to cut wood along with my dad. He just loved doing it,” says Shane, 48, a divorced father of six. He wanted to pass along that feeling, so he and the twins spent the summer of 2018 like a clan of Paul Bunyans. The result was a great wall of wood piled up around their house in Lake Stevens, 35 miles outside of Seattle. Technically, it was 40 cords—a cord measures four feet high, four feet wide, and eight feet deep. To buy that much would cost about $10,000. It was too much for the McDaniels to use themselves, and when the weather turned cold that November, Shane started thinking of others. He posted on Facebook: “IF YOU ARE IN NEED OF FIREWOOD AND CANNOT AFFORD IT, PLEASE PM [personal message] ME!...If you know someone who BURNS WOOD, and they’re looking at a cold house this holiday season, please help 69 ” The response was immediate. One man offered to donate a wood-burning furnace. Others raced over to Norm’s, the mini-mart Shane owns, with more wood for the pile. One woman, noticing the photo of the buff McDaniel men in the Facebook post, started to feel warm in other ways: “ 70 I don’t need the wood. But truly I appreciate the eye candy!” A．The idea started as a father-son bonding project, he told msn.com. B．It has nothing to do with how well it’s received; it’s about how much it’s needed. C．Please post more pictures of you in sleeveless shirts. D．I want people who are burning cardboard because they’ve got nothing. E．So much stress and anxiety is off my shoulders. F．Please help me and my boys make sure NO ONE GOES COLD IN OUR HOOD． 【答案】67．D 68．A 69．F 70．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Shane 和双胞胎儿子大量砍柴并免费送给买不起柴、无法砍柴的人，初衷是传承父子温情。他们的善举得到热烈回应，温暖了整个社区。 67．上文“The three men chop truckloads of wood — then donate it to those in need.( 这三个人砍伐了卡车数量的木材——然后将其捐赠给有需要的人。)”说Shane父子砍柴捐赠给有需要的人，下文“Or someone who has a broken shoulder and can’t cut wood.(或者对于那些肩部受伤无法砍伐木材的人来说也是如此。)”说“或者肩膀受伤不能砍柴的人”。D项“I want people who are burning cardboard because they’ve got nothing.(我想帮助那些因为没柴烧、只能烧纸板的人。)”和后面“受伤不能砍柴”并列列举需要帮助的人，逻辑完全通顺。故选D项。 68．下文““I had to cut wood along with my dad. He just loved doing it,” says Shane, 48, a divorced father of six. He wanted to pass along that feeling, so he and the twins spent the summer of 2018 like a clan of Paul Bunyans.( “我和我父亲一起得砍木材。他就是喜欢做这件事。”Shane（48 岁）说道，他是六个孩子的父亲，已离婚。他想将这种感觉传递下去，所以他和双胞胎兄弟在 2018 年夏天像Paul Bunyans家族那样生活。)”提到Shane 说“我小时候和爸爸一起砍柴”，现在和儿子们一起做。A 项“The idea started as a father-son bonding project, he told msn.com.(他告诉 msn.com，这个想法最初是作为父子间的一次亲密活动而产生的。)”引出父子传承、一起砍柴的故事背景，符合语境。故选A项。 69．上文“He posted on Facebook: “IF YOU ARE IN NEED OF FIREWOOD AND CANNOT AFFORD IT, PLEASE PM [personal message] ME!...If you know someone who BURNS WOOD, and they’re looking at a cold house this holiday season, please help…(他在脸书上写道：“如果您需要木柴但又买不起，请给我发私信……如果您认识烧木柴的人，并且他们在这个假日季的家中即将面临燃料短缺的情况，请帮忙……”)”提到Shane在脸书发文，呼吁帮助买不起柴火的人。标题“No One Goes Cold!( 无人会感到寒冷！)” F项“Please help me and my boys make sure NO ONE GOES COLD IN OUR HOOD.( 请帮助我和我的孩子们确保我们所在的街区没有人会挨冻。)”直接呼应标题，是呼吁的收尾句，符合语境。故选F项。 70．上文“One woman, noticing the photo of the buff McDaniel men in the Facebook post(有一位女士看到脸书帖子中那张肌肉发达的McDaniel男子的照片。)”提到女士看到他们的照片，下文“I don’t need the wood. But truly I appreciate the eye candy!( 我不需要这些木材。不过说实话，我真的很欣赏这帅气的外表！)”说自己不需要柴，但觉得他们是养眼、好看的。C项“Please post more pictures of you in sleeveless shirts.( 请多发几张你们穿无袖上衣的照片。)”对应“觉得养眼”，幽默、符合语境。故选C项。 IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Small talk Small talk is often thought of as unimportant, or perhaps worse, a substitute for real speech and thought in common opinion. Nevertheless, research suggests they will benefit. One reason for small talk’s bad reputation is that it tends, for obvious reasons, to aim for the lowest common denominator (分母). In ritualized dialogue, little information is exchanged. “Hello” signals nothing at all. “How are you?” rarely gets a fully honest answer. However, linguists call that crucial hello, talk phatic (交流情感的) Bronislaw Malinowski, who coined the term in the 1920s; explained that in phatic talk ties of union are created by a mere exchange of words. “If you know literally nothing about someone you can still safely presume they prefer sun to rain, and begin to establish a connection on that basis. If your bus or train is suddenly stuck, an even better opportunity arises. You can be sure your fellow passengers are not happy about it, and a shared grousing session makes them—and you—feel less alone with your inconvenience. At work, small talk may seem a distraction from what employees are paid to do. But there is a spectrum between empty talk (“Hello”), social talk (“How was your holiday?”), social talk relevant to work (“Is Sarah still on holiday?”) and pure business talk (“Has Sarah finished that report?”). A study of government departments in New Zealand by Janet Holmes shows how frequently people switch between those modes, even in brief conversations. That suggests a function beyond filling awkward gaps. Among other things, such chatter can bond equals together in a shared task. She also finds that bosses are more likely to initiate small talks with subordinates than the other round (as well as to cut it off). This is because, even without being told, a good manager realises that it can soften a following instruction. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Small talk is often considered meaningless because it involves no real information exchange. However, linguists find small talk is important because it is an exchange of common feelings. Research also shows that, instead of a distraction, small talk is common at work because it unites people in a task and managers often start small talk to make their instruction softer. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，闲聊通常被认为没有意义，因为它不涉及真正的信息交流。然而，语言学家发现闲聊很重要，因为这是一种共同感受的交流。研究还表明，闲聊不仅不会分散注意力，而且在工作中很常见，因为它能把人们团结在一起，经理们经常开始闲聊，以使他们的指示更柔和。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Small talk is often thought of as unimportant, or perhaps worse, a substitute for real speech and thought in common opinion. ②One reason for small talk’s bad reputation is that it tends, for obvious reasons, to aim for the lowest common denominator (分母). In ritualized dialogue, little information is exchanged. ③However, linguists call that crucial hello, talk phatic (交流情感的) Bronislaw Malinowski, who coined the term in the 1920s; explained that in phatic talk ties of union are created by a mere exchange of words. ④Among other things, such chatter can bond equals together in a shared task. She also finds that bosses are more likely to initiate small talks with subordinates than the other round (as well as to cut it off). This is because, even without being told, a good manager realises that it can soften a following instruction. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2个要点进行总结，将第3、4三个要点进行分说。 3.遣词造句 Small talk is often regarded meaningless since it involves no real information exchange. But linguists find small talk is vital because it is an exchange of common feelings. Research also indicates that, instead of a distraction, small talk is common at work for it unites people in a task and managers often start small talk to make their instruction softer. 【点睛】[高分句型1] However, linguists find small talk is important because it is an exchange of common feelings.运用because引导原因状语从句对原文第三段进行了概括。 [高分句型2] Research also shows that, instead of a distraction, small talk is common at work because it unites people in a task and managers often start small talk to make their instruction softer.用that引导宾语从句对最后一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。 V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．你所克服的困难终将使你强大。（end up）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The difficulties you overcome will end up making you strong. 【详解】考查动词短语、宾语从句和时态。表示“困难”为名词difficulty，此处表复数含义，且特指“你所克服的困难”，前加定冠词the；表示“克服”为动词overcome，“你所克服的”表达为定语从句that you overcome修饰先行词difficulties，关系代词that作宾语可省略；表示“最终做某事”应为动词短语end up doing；表示“让你坚强”应为动词短语make you strong。“终将使你强大”表达为一般将来时will end up making you strong；故翻译为：The difficulties you overcome will end up making you strong. 73．发生紧急情况时，牢记保持头脑冷静，先打110。(bear)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Bear in mind to keep calm and call 110 first when an emergency occurs. 【详解】考查祈使句、固定短语和时态。祈使句通常以动词原形开头，“牢记做某事”用固定短语bear in mind to do sth.，“保持头脑冷静”用动词短语keep calm，“先打110”用短语call 110 first，两种行动是并列关系，用连词and连接，都用不定式形式；“发生紧急情况时”是时间状语，用从属连词when引导从句，主语“紧急情况”用an emergency，谓语“发生”用动词occur，用一般现在时态occurs。综上，全句译为：Bear in mind to keep calm and call 110 first when an emergency occurs. 74．无论你是因为上课时走神还是因为学业负担过重而心力交瘁，请及时向老师求助! (turn to) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Whether you are distracted in class or exhausted due to the heavy academic burden, please turn to your teacher for help in time. 【详解】考查动词短语、时态和状语从句。“无论你是因为上课时走神还是因为学业负担过重而心力交瘁” 引导让步状语从句，用“whether...or...”引导从句，主语“你”用，“上课时走神”用be distracted in class，描述一般性事实用一般现在时态are distracted in class，“因为学业负担过重而心力交瘁”译为be exhausted due to the heavy academic burden，为避免重复，谓语动词be可省略；“请及时向老师求助”是主句，用祈使句，“向……求助”用动词短语turn to sb. for help，宾语“老师”用名词your teacher，“及时”作时间状语，用介词短语in time。综上，全句译为：Whether you are distracted in class or exhausted due to the heavy academic burden, please turn to your teacher for help in time. 75．网络上催人奋进的故事被网友们贴上了“正能量”的标签，它们描述了普通人坚持不懈的奋斗，激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章。(label v.) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Stories that inspire people on the Internet are labeled with “positive energy” and they describe the persistent struggles of ordinary people, inspiring more people to write their own glorious chapters. 【详解】考查动词、名词、时态、从句和非谓语动词。“网络上催人奋进的故事被网友们贴上了‘正能量’的标签”可处理为第1分句，主语“网络上催人奋进的故事”译为Stories that inspire people on the Internet，其中that引导限制性定语从句，谓语“被贴上……标签”用被动语态be labeled with，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，因主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式are labeled with，宾语“正能量”用positive energy；后半句“它们描述了普通人坚持不懈的奋斗，激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章” 可处理为第2分句，主语“它们”用they，谓语“描述”用动词describe，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，宾语“普通人坚持不懈的奋斗”是“the persistent struggles of ordinary people”，“激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章”作伴随状语，“激励某人做某事”用inspire sb. to do sth.，inspire与其逻辑主语the persistent struggles之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，“更多人”用more people，“书写属于自己的辉煌篇章”是write their own glorious chapters，用不定式作目的状语。综上，全句译为：Stories that inspire people on the Internet are labeled with “positive energy” and they describe the persistent struggles of ordinary people, inspiring more people to write their own glorious chapters. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的学生李乐，学校即将举办科技节，想要向全校师生征文，主题为“对你生活影响巨大的科学发明”。写一篇文章，内容需包括： 1）你认为对你生活影响巨大的一项科技发明； 2）阐述你的理由。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】                                                            The Scientific Invention That Changed My Life       Among various technological innovations, smartphones have exerted the most profound influence on my daily life. This pocket-sized device has become an indispensable part of my existence.     Firstly, smartphones revolutionize communication. Through instant messaging apps like WeChat, I can maintain real-time contact with family and classmates, sharing study materials and coordinating group projects efficiently. Secondly, it serves as a portable learning tool. With educational apps and online courses, I can access knowledge anytime, anywhere, significantly enhancing my academic performance. Moreover, mobile payment functions eliminate the need to carry cash, making transactions safer and more convenient.       This versatile invention perfectly illustrates how technology simplifies life while expanding our capabilities. It has fundamentally transformed my lifestyle and learning patterns, making me a true beneficiary of the digital age. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为学校即将举办的科技节写一篇主题为“对你生活影响巨大的科学发明”的征文，描述你认为对你生活影响巨大的一项科技发明，并阐述理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 创新：innovation→creation 影响：influence→effect 立刻的、马上的：instant→immediate 维持、保持：maintain→keep 加强、增强：enhance→strengthen 扩大：expand→enlarge 2. 句式拓展： 同义句转换： 原句：With educational apps and online courses, I can access knowledge anytime, anywhere, significantly enhancing my academic performance. 拓展句：With educational apps and online courses, I can access knowledge anytime, anywhere, which significantly enhances my academic performance. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Moreover, mobile payment functions eliminate the need to carry cash, making transactions safer and more convenient.（运用了现在分词作状语。） 【高分句型2】This versatile invention perfectly illustrates how technology simplifies life while expanding our capabilities.（运用了以连接副词how引导的宾语从句以及连词while引导的时间状语从句的省略句。） 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期中模拟卷01 英 语·参考答案 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 D B C B B A C B D A 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B C B B D C C A B D 题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 答案 B A D D C A B D C D 题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 答案 D B A C B A C C D D 题号 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 答案 B C B A B B D A F C 21．was observed 22．which 23．to 24．seen 25．at 26．until 27．reaching 28．less likely 29．how 30．is 31．B 32．E 33．C 34．D 35．K 36．G 37．H 38．I 39．A 40．J 71．Small talk is often considered meaningless because it involves no real information exchange. However, linguists find small talk is important because it is an exchange of common feelings. Research also shows that, instead of a distraction, small talk is common at work because it unites people in a task and managers often start small talk to make their instruction softer. 72．The difficulties you overcome will end up making you strong. 73．Bear in mind to keep calm and call 110 first when an emergency occurs. 74．Whether you are distracted in class or exhausted due to the heavy academic burden, please turn to your teacher for help in time. 75．Stories that inspire people on the Internet are labeled with “positive energy” and they describe the persistent struggles of ordinary people, inspiring more people to write their own glorious chapters. 76．                                              The Scientific Invention That Changed My Life       Among various technological innovations, smartphones have exerted the most profound influence on my daily life. This pocket-sized device has become an indispensable part of my existence.     Firstly, smartphones revolutionize communication. Through instant messaging apps like WeChat, I can maintain real-time contact with family and classmates, sharing study materials and coordinating group projects efficiently. Secondly, it serves as a portable learning tool. With educational apps and online courses, I can access knowledge anytime, anywhere, significantly enhancing my academic performance. Moreover, mobile payment functions eliminate the need to carry cash, making transactions safer and more convenient.       This versatile invention perfectly illustrates how technology simplifies life while expanding our capabilities. It has fundamentally transformed my lifestyle and learning patterns, making me a true beneficiary of the digital age. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期中模拟卷01（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1． A．He hasn’t started the report. B．He has already submitted the report. C．He needs help with the report. D．He is almost done with the report. 2． A．Take the bus. B．Walk to the park. C．Stay at home. D．Drive to the park. 3． A．In the bag. B．In the car. C．On the kitchen table. D．In the living room. 4． A．At 6:30. B．At 6:40. C．At 7:00. D．At 7:10. 5． A．He thinks it’s unnecessary. B．He’s looking forward to it. C．He doesn’t care either way. D．He prefers individual work over team activities. 6． A．It closes early on Sundays. B．It’s closed on weekends. C．It’s open all day on Sundays. D．It’s only open on Saturdays. 7． A．Buying a second-hand laptop. B．Waiting for a better sale. C．Buying the same laptop as he has. D．Avoiding the sale for laptops. 8． A．It’s too expensive. B．It’s too far from her office. C．It’s too small. D．It’s in a noisy neighborhood. 9． A．They are too expensive. B．They will be available at the door. C．They are not worth buying. D．They might still be available online. 10． A．They increase costs but will benefit in the long term. B．They force the project to stop due to high costs. C．They make no significant use of the project. D．They lead to a decrease in project quality. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．A．They are faster than gasoline-powered cars. B．They are more environmentally friendly. C．They are easier to drive. D．They are more luxurious. 12．A．They are more expensive to maintain. B．They require frequent oil changes. C．There are not enough charging stations. D．They are not allowed on highways. 13．A．Building more gasoline stations. B．Offering tax breaks and subsidies. C．Banning traditional cars. D．Reducing the price of gasoline. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．A．To provide entertainment for wealthy individuals. B．To offer a retreat from the chaos and pollution of industrial cities. C．To serve as venues for political gatherings. D．To facilitate trade and commerce. 15．A．The addition of playgrounds. B．The inclusion of sports facilities. C．The establishment of places for concerts. D．The creation of large shopping malls. 16．A．Building more parking facilities. B．Planting exotic species of plants. C．Promoting environmental protection. D．Hosting international sporting events. 听下面一段长对话，回答以下小题。 17．A．Whether to play an original song or a cover. B．Whether to perform alone or with a band. C．Whether to play a Beatles song or a Coldplay song. D．Whether to use his own guitar or the school’s. 18．A．A guitar and cables. B．A microphone and cables. C．A sound system and a guitar. D．A microphone and a sound system. 19．A．Wednesday after school. B．Thursday from 4:00 to 6:00 PM. C．Friday before the festival. D．Saturday morning. 20．A．Promote his social media. B．Perform for 10 minutes. C．Use the school’s sound system. D．Sell merchandise like CDs or T-shirts. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Spider found nursing its offspring with milk The words “spider” and “milk” are not two that you’d generally expect to see in the same sentence. But that’s exactly what researchers at an Asian academy of sciences have found: a spider mother feeding her babies with her own milk. This fascinating behavior 21 (observe) in a species of spider called Toxeus magnus. The researchers first made the discovery after noticing a baby spider hanging onto its mother in the lab in a way, 22 reminded them of a baby mammal (哺乳动物). Usually, only mammals produce milk for their babies, but some bird species can produce something known as “crop milk” 23 feed their young. However, the level of parental care 24 (see) in these spiders is quite rare. Female spiders of this species can lay up to 36 eggs 25 one time. When the baby spiders first hatched, they ate ‘milk’ that their mother had deposited in droplets around their nest. But soon, they began lining up to drink the milk directly from their mother. They continued doing this 26 they were about 40 days old, well after they were old enough to find food on their own. To test what they were observing, the researchers painted the mother spider to stop the milk 27 (reach) her babies. After this, all the baby spiders younger than 20 days old died. When the mother was removed from the nest, the older spiders grew more slowly and were 28 (likely) to survive to adulthood. This suggests that the milk was giving them a significant advantage. Isn’t it amazing to think about 29 diverse and unexpected nature can be? Spiders, usually thought of as independent and sometimes even scary creatures, showing such intense parental care and producing milk for their young 30 (be) truly a remarkable discovery. This shows that there’s always something new and surprising to learn about the world around us, even from creatures as tiny as spiders! Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．achievement   B．clients    C． construction  D．demonstrates  E. inspired F. integrated     G. privacy   H. philosophy    I. respecting     J. self-sustain  K.shades   Cool Schools in Burkina Faso If architects are people who like to think their way around challenges, building schools in Burkina Faso must be the dream job. The challenges are many: high temperatures, limited funds, scarce materials, and 31 young and in need of protection. Architect Diébédo Francis Kéré, who grew up in the village of Gando, knows these difficulties well. He and others, such as Albert Faus, have found innovative ways to use cheap, local materials to make schools and orphanage (孤儿院) cool and welcoming places without air conditioning. Kéré, who won the Pritzker Prize in 2022, has often said that his work is 32 by his community, which once raised money to support his education. His first major project, Gando Primary School, completed in 2001, combined local clay and traditional techniques with modern ideas. The villagers themselves took part in 33 , creating a structure that was comfortable even under the hot sun. Another of Kéré’s works, the Noomdo Orphanage near Koudougou, 34 his creative approach. The building provides temperature comfort — cool in heat and warm in cold — without needing air conditioning. Its design uses thick walls and light roofs so cool air flows in and hot air escapes. One key innovation is the raised and extended metal roof, which 35 the structure and lets hot air out, inspired by Persian Gulf architecture but given a modern form. The orphanage’s semicircular design also ensures 36 and safety, separating dormitories for boys and girls and creating calm, protected spaces for children. Architect Albert Faus’s Bangre Veenem school complex in Youlou follows a similar 37 . Built with locally sourced stone, the buildings remain cool while 38 traditional beliefs and sacred sites. The red bricks are strong, beautiful, and made by local workers. The school runs from nursery to high school, and students enjoy a comfortable environment that enhances concentration and learning. Solar panels provide electricity, allowing students to study and charge their phones at night — no small 39 in a country where only 22.5% of the population has electricity. Both Kéré and Faus prove that architecture in Burkina Faso can 40 through community engagement, local materials, and sustainable design. Their buildings not only meet environmental and economic challenges but also inspire pride and hope in education and community life. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Why do we mourn public figures? On 8 September 2022, Queen Elizabeth II died at the age of 96. At the time of writing, the UK is in the midst of a prolonged period of public mourning. Regardless of your thoughts about the monarchy, it’s undeniable that countless people were genuinely saddened by the Queen’s passing, and that many have been experiencing profound grief 41 it. This is a fascinating phenomenon, because grief is a complex and demanding process. So, why would so many 42 grief over the loss of someone they’ve likely never met, and who almost certainly had no idea that they existed? Rather than an oddity, such grief is actually 43 . It’s because of how our brains work. Humans are incredibly social creatures. It’s the basis for our dominance of the planet. We form 44 connections with other individuals like no other species. But despite what many assume, this need not be a mutual thing. It’s entirely possible for us to deeply and emotionally 45 someone who doesn’t even know we’re there. Parasocial relationships are the basis of 46 culture and every sort of fandom. After all, it’s entirely possible for people to develop deep and powerful emotions for individuals who don’t even exist. If we take this into account, it suddenly doesn’t seem so odd then that people would be able to 47 genuine affection for a real individual, especially one who may have been a(n) 48 of their world for decades. 49 , they would also then experience grief as a result of the death of that person. And because human sociability is so important, we’re often keen to express that grief with others, especially with those who share similar feelings. It’s another way of 50 , of reinforcing our remaining connections, at a time when we’ve lost one. But humans aren’t just social. We’re also hierarchical (有层级的), we instinctively. 51 status, like being looked up to by others, and looking up to others in turn. We learn from others and the examples they provide. From back in the early days of our species, where aspiring to be like the best hunters or warriors was a useful survival trait, to the present day, we 52 to look up to, identify with and want to imitate the visibly more successful members of our society. While the death of a high-profile and beloved individual often leads to widespread public mourning, the Queen’s passing is 53 on an even more profound level. This is because the Queen was visibly the head of British public life for seven decades. For someone living in the UK, she was just ‘there’, all day every day. On our money, our stamps, in the anthem, involved in all our laws and politics. She was essentially 54 . And her death showed us that one of the parts of our world which had seemed so 55 and unchanging, wasn’t. This made our world feel suddenly and fundamentally more uncertain. 41．A．in addition to B．as a result of C．in return for D．in contrast to 42．A．experience B．control C．disguise D．overcome 43．A．bitter B．genuine C．endless D．commonplace 44．A．apparent B．casual C．close D．emotional 45．A．refer to B．agree with C．invest in D．appeal to 46．A．celebrity B．mainstream C．street D．youth 47．A．return B．develop C．betray D．win 48．A．image B．spokesperson C．guest D．part 49．A．Scarcely B．Temporarily C．Accordingly D．Unfairly 50．A．surviving B．improving C．mourning D．bonding 51．A．examine B．question C．restore D．value 52．A．afford B．incline C．endure D．refuse 53．A．influential B．mysterious C．peaceful D．natural 54．A．international B．ideal C．inescapable D．virtuous 55．A．academic B．reliable C．diplomatic D．unreal Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A The fire raced through Lahaina last August so fast that it killed 100 people and destroyed more than 2,200 buildings. It left more than 7,000 people without their possessions and in need of shelter. That afternoon, Kalyn Lepre, a 36-year-old nutritional therapist, grabbed her wallet and drove out of town. She lost everything else in her four-bedroom house: clothes, documents, jewelry and seven surfboards. Lepre surfed almost every day; surfing was a source of joy and a means to maintain her mental health. Seeing her surfboards reduced to a pile of fibers — especially her prized baby blue custom long board — was heart-wrenching. “I was so in love with that board,” she says. Jud Lau understood. The 53-year-old Maui native has been riding the waves since he was a teenager, and he’s been building surfboards for the last 15 years. He knows the value of a good surfboard. “A surfboard is part of your whole being especially in Hawaii, where surfing originated,” he says. “Losing a board is like losing a part of your soul. ” So, wanting to help the victims in some way, he started thinking about all the surfers who had lost their boards. “And I thought, that’s my area of expertise,” he says. “Surfing is a healing thing for surfers — getting in the ocean, connecting to Mother Nature. ” He realized he could give that back to them. Lau started by connecting people who wanted to donate extra boards to those who had lost theirs, about 200 boards total. Friends in Oahu and California collected another 550 boards and shipped them to Maui for Lau to distribute. But many surfers, like Lepre, use custom boards designed to accommodate their size or the type of waves they ride. So Lau turned to cash donations — raising about $20,000 — to cover the cost of materials for shaping custom boards to give away. Donating his labor, he made more than 40 boards that typically would have retailed for $ 600 to S1,500 each. He also persuaded the other shapers on the island, about a dozen of them, to make at least one board each, providing around 20 more surfboards. The recipients of Lau’s efforts include Lepre. She messaged him what she’d lost and he shaped her a high-performance, 9-foot, single-fin board with a sunset fading from yellow to orange and “Lahaina” in deep red letters in the middle. “I cried when I saw it.” Lepre says, “He created an art piece for me, and this tool would help me move forward. ” The new board allowed her to get back in the water and start healing. 56．According to the passage, what does surfing mean to Kalyn Lepre? A．It’s critical to her mental health. B．It’s optional in her everyday life. C．It’s a casual form of exercise for her. D．It’s her vital means of making a living. 57．In the second paragraph, the underlined word “heart-wrenching” is closest in meaning to ________. A．distracting B．frightening C．distressing D．puzzling 58．What can be inferred about Jud Lau’s motivation to help fire victims? A．He wanted to profit from selling surfboards B．He aimed to promote his surfboard business C．He believed surfing could aid emotional recovery D．He was ordered by local authorities to take action 59．The passage is mainly concerned with ________. A．the destructive force of a fire in Lahaina B．the significance of surfing for Hawaiian people C．how Kalyn Lepre overcame the grief of losing a surfboard D．how Jud Lau helped those who lost their surfboards in the fire B The Shimmering State by Meredith Westgate. Atria Books, 2021 ($27) Memoroxin, a personalized pill that replaces memories in people with Alzheimer’s, is being abused as a recreational drug. Disconnected from reality, Lucien and Sophie meet at a “Mem” health recovery center in Los Angeles, where personal psychological traumas, along with foreign memories, can be removed. They feel drawn to each other; have they met before? Like the film Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind , The Shimmering State explores whether the joys and pains of love can ever be fully erased. Through interconnected relationships, the novel delves into some of the moral dilemmas of a technology that can catalog and edit consciousness. —Jen Schwartz     Dark and Magical Places: The Neuroscience of Navigation by Christopher Kemp. W.W. Norton, 2022 ($26.95) Navigation is one of the most complex cognitive tasks humans engage in daily. In this fascinating dive into the brain, neurobiology researcher Christopher Kemp explores how we orient where we’re going, why we lose our way, and what scientists know about how we do both these things. Kemp’s explanations of concepts such as grid cells are clear and engaging, but the book shines brightest in his entertaining descriptions of his own chronic lostness, as well as in surprisingly moving stories about people who have wandered dangerously off route. Some make it home, but others don’t. —Tess Joosse Secret Worlds: The Extraordinary Senses of Animals by Martin Stevens. Oxford University Press, 2021 ($25.95) Ecologist Martin Stevens catalogs animals’ sensory systems and how they exceed our own while informing and challenging our reality as humans. The book has a narrative and inquisitive style that will show examples of the amazing capabilities they allow, from nocturnal dung beetles that orientate by using the Milky Way to sea turtles that navigate currents by reading the earth’s magnetic fields. Secret Worlds is filled with lessons on how different species evolved to perceive the world. —Jen St.Jude Once There Were Wolves by Charlotte McConaghy. Flatiron Books, 2021 ($27.99) Australian writer Charlotte McConaghy (author of Migrations ) delivers a thrilling and touching novel about a woman named Inti Flynn and her team of biologists who reintroduce gray wolves into Scotland’s remote Highlands. At first, the wolves seem to thrive, but when a farmer gets hurt, she suspects the man she loves. Her story unfolds as a social and scientific meditation on the consequences of influencing ecosystems, while reminding us that humans and animals alike can break our hearts. —Amy Brady 60．What can we infer from the introduction of The Shimmering State? A．Memoroxin, which cures Alzheimer’s, is a recreational drug. B．Lucien and Sophie feel drawn to each other for foreign memories. C．The book suggests the joys and pains of love should be completely removed. D．Editing consciousness by a technology may bring about some moral problems. 61．It can be learned from the whole passage that__________. A．among the four books, only Dark and Magical Places touches upon the topic of navigation B．the heroine in Once There Were Wolves doesn’t believe the farmer is hurt by wolves C．the highlights of Dark and Magical Places are Kemp’s explanations of some concepts D．McConaghy’s novel merely focuses on the social and scientific impact on the ecosystems 62．If Bob is interested in science and wants to gain more insight into animals’ perception of the world, which of the books should be recommended? A．The Shimmering State B．Dark and Magical Places C．Secret Worlds D．Once There Were Wolves C The Canonization of James Joyce When Richard Ellmann’s James Joyce hit the shelves in 1959, the sheer size of the book (842 pages, 100 longer than Ulysses) was as dazzling as the degree of detail. Joyce, who had been dead for 18 years, vividly inhabited its chapters, getting drunk, going blind, spending money, spiting enemies, cogitating, and, of course, creating a series of works that immediately made literary history. Moving briskly across the first half of the 20th century, Ellmann spun a tale about the formation of a writer whose name could be mentioned in the same breath as Homer’s without irony. Ellmann owed his triumph, in part, to being in the right place at the right time. By the early 1950s, he had spent a year at Trinity College Dublin researching his prizewinning essay on William Butler Yeats, received a Ph. D．from Yale, and become an ambitious 30-something professor at Northwestern University. Yeats’s widow (遗孀) was ready to provide introductions in Dublin; Stanislaus Joyce, his brother, had shared material from his diaries and unfinished memoir. Nelly Joyce, Stanislaus’s widow, unleashed holy-grail-grade manuscripts; so did Jolas. And Sylvia Beach, a fellow American and the fearless publisher of Ulysses, was still knocking around Paris willing to entertain questions. You also need charm, lots of it, to make a biography like James Joyce happen. Ellmann, a virtuosic chatter, could get people to do his bidding without ever seeming too pushy. A delivery of coal during the winter; some chocolates, cigarettes, cocoa, or tea in any season — accompanied by a carefully worded request, such offerings could go a long way when he needed to gain (or restrict) access to material. James Joyce was immediately recognized as a masterpiece — not just a comprehensive life-and-art account of Joyce, but a genre breakthrough. Developing a style that was at once detached and ornate, Ellmann works as a historical novelist, using facts as a springboard for a subtle psychological portrayal intertwined with layered critical interpretations. In his quest for a definitive biography of Joyce as a cosmopolitan artist, above the parochial fray, Ellmann downplayed Joyce’s interest in politics. In fact, before Joyce ever published a book, he wrote newspaper articles and delivered lectures in Italian about Irish nationalism and his disdain for British imperialism in his native country, work that shed helpful light on his fiction. “My political opinions,” he summed up in a letter to his brother, “are those of a Socialist artist.” His work is saturated with references to Irish history, politics, geography, and culture rich in allusions, both explicit and puzzle-like, to major figures and events. Still, to say that Ellmann is to Joyce what James Boswell is to Samuel Johnson is not too big a stretch. He didn’t arrive in time to befriend Joyce, but he got to the posthumous scene first; gathered fresh accounts; captured not just the context, but his subject’s character and his creative process. Not least, Ellmann emerged, as Boswell did, with a mold-breaking portrait that has retained an enduring power over the readers and scholars who have followed. 63．Which of the following contributed to Ellmann’s success in writing James Joyce? A．He obtained a letter of recommendation from a Yale professor for his research. B．Yeats’s widow facilitated his access to contacts within the Dublin community. C．Sylvia Beach furnished him with rare manuscripts of Joyce’s unpublished works. D．He drew on his own unfinished memoir to enrich the content of the biography. 64．The limitation of Ellmann’s James Joyce lies in _________. A．its overlooking Joyce’s anti-imperialist expressions and socialist stance. B．its failure to analyze the connection between Joyce’s works and Homer’s epics C．its laying insufficient emphasis on the influence of Yeats on Joyce’s writing. D．its lacking detailed descriptions of Joyce’s physical struggles and financial hardships. 65．What does the word “virtuosic” (Para. 3) most probably mean? A．Aggressive B．Skilled C．Awkward D．Modest 66．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To analyze Joyce’s literary achievements and political views. B．To introduce Ellmann’s biography of Joyce and its significance. C．To compare Joyce’s works with those of Homer and Yeats. D．To explain how to write a successful literary biography. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. “No One Goes Cold!” Washington is home to lots of trees — it is the Evergreen State, after all—and lots of fireplaces and wood-burning stoves too. But what if you lived there and couldn’t chop wood or couldn’t afford to pay someone to do it? Luckily, Shane McDaniel and his twin sons, Harrison and Henry McDaniel, 21, are happy to lend an ax. The three men chop truckloads of wood—then donate it to those in need. “ 67 ” That’s how Shane explained to heraldnet.com. “Or someone who has a broken shoulder and can’t cut wood.” 68 “I had to cut wood along with my dad. He just loved doing it,” says Shane, 48, a divorced father of six. He wanted to pass along that feeling, so he and the twins spent the summer of 2018 like a clan of Paul Bunyans. The result was a great wall of wood piled up around their house in Lake Stevens, 35 miles outside of Seattle. Technically, it was 40 cords—a cord measures four feet high, four feet wide, and eight feet deep. To buy that much would cost about $10,000. It was too much for the McDaniels to use themselves, and when the weather turned cold that November, Shane started thinking of others. He posted on Facebook: “IF YOU ARE IN NEED OF FIREWOOD AND CANNOT AFFORD IT, PLEASE PM [personal message] ME!...If you know someone who BURNS WOOD, and they’re looking at a cold house this holiday season, please help 69 ” The response was immediate. One man offered to donate a wood-burning furnace. Others raced over to Norm’s, the mini-mart Shane owns, with more wood for the pile. One woman, noticing the photo of the buff McDaniel men in the Facebook post, started to feel warm in other ways: “ 70 I don’t need the wood. But truly I appreciate the eye candy!” A．The idea started as a father-son bonding project, he told msn.com. B．It has nothing to do with how well it’s received; it’s about how much it’s needed. C．Please post more pictures of you in sleeveless shirts. D．I want people who are burning cardboard because they’ve got nothing. E．So much stress and anxiety is off my shoulders. F．Please help me and my boys make sure NO ONE GOES COLD IN OUR HOOD． IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Small talk Small talk is often thought of as unimportant, or perhaps worse, a substitute for real speech and thought in common opinion. Nevertheless, research suggests they will benefit. One reason for small talk’s bad reputation is that it tends, for obvious reasons, to aim for the lowest common denominator (分母). In ritualized dialogue, little information is exchanged. “Hello” signals nothing at all. “How are you?” rarely gets a fully honest answer. However, linguists call that crucial hello, talk phatic (交流情感的) Bronislaw Malinowski, who coined the term in the 1920s; explained that in phatic talk ties of union are created by a mere exchange of words. “If you know literally nothing about someone you can still safely presume they prefer sun to rain, and begin to establish a connection on that basis. If your bus or train is suddenly stuck, an even better opportunity arises. You can be sure your fellow passengers are not happy about it, and a shared grousing session makes them—and you—feel less alone with your inconvenience. At work, small talk may seem a distraction from what employees are paid to do. But there is a spectrum between empty talk (“Hello”), social talk (“How was your holiday?”), social talk relevant to work (“Is Sarah still on holiday?”) and pure business talk (“Has Sarah finished that report?”). A study of government departments in New Zealand by Janet Holmes shows how frequently people switch between those modes, even in brief conversations. That suggests a function beyond filling awkward gaps. Among other things, such chatter can bond equals together in a shared task. She also finds that bosses are more likely to initiate small talks with subordinates than the other round (as well as to cut it off). This is because, even without being told, a good manager realises that it can soften a following instruction. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．你所克服的困难终将使你强大。（end up）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 73．发生紧急情况时，牢记保持头脑冷静，先打110。(bear)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 74．无论你是因为上课时走神还是因为学业负担过重而心力交瘁，请及时向老师求助! (turn to) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 75．网络上催人奋进的故事被网友们贴上了“正能量”的标签，它们描述了普通人坚持不懈的奋斗，激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章。(label v.) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的学生李乐，学校即将举办科技节，想要向全校师生征文，主题为“对你生活影响巨大的科学发明”。写一篇文章，内容需包括： 1）你认为对你生活影响巨大的一项科技发明； 2）阐述你的理由。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共6页） 试题 第4页（共6页） 试题 第11页（共12页） 试题 第12页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年高二下学期期中模拟卷01（上海专用） 英语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1． A．He hasn’t started the report. B．He has already submitted the report. C．He needs help with the report. D．He is almost done with the report. 2． A．Take the bus. B．Walk to the park. C．Stay at home. D．Drive to the park. 3． A．In the bag. B．In the car. C．On the kitchen table. D．In the living room. 4． A．At 6:30. B．At 6:40. C．At 7:00. D．At 7:10. 5． A．He thinks it’s unnecessary. B．He’s looking forward to it. C．He doesn’t care either way. D．He prefers individual work over team activities. 6． A．It closes early on Sundays. B．It’s closed on weekends. C．It’s open all day on Sundays. D．It’s only open on Saturdays. 7． A．Buying a second-hand laptop. B．Waiting for a better sale. C．Buying the same laptop as he has. D．Avoiding the sale for laptops. 8． A．It’s too expensive. B．It’s too far from her office. C．It’s too small. D．It’s in a noisy neighborhood. 9． A．They are too expensive. B．They will be available at the door. C．They are not worth buying. D．They might still be available online. 10． A．They increase costs but will benefit in the long term. B．They force the project to stop due to high costs. C．They make no significant use of the project. D．They lead to a decrease in project quality. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．A．They are faster than gasoline-powered cars. B．They are more environmentally friendly. C．They are easier to drive. D．They are more luxurious. 12．A．They are more expensive to maintain. B．They require frequent oil changes. C．There are not enough charging stations. D．They are not allowed on highways. 13．A．Building more gasoline stations. B．Offering tax breaks and subsidies. C．Banning traditional cars. D．Reducing the price of gasoline. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．A．To provide entertainment for wealthy individuals. B．To offer a retreat from the chaos and pollution of industrial cities. C．To serve as venues for political gatherings. D．To facilitate trade and commerce. 15．A．The addition of playgrounds. B．The inclusion of sports facilities. C．The establishment of places for concerts. D．The creation of large shopping malls. 16．A．Building more parking facilities. B．Planting exotic species of plants. C．Promoting environmental protection. D．Hosting international sporting events. 听下面一段长对话，回答以下小题。 17．A．Whether to play an original song or a cover. B．Whether to perform alone or with a band. C．Whether to play a Beatles song or a Coldplay song. D．Whether to use his own guitar or the school’s. 18．A．A guitar and cables. B．A microphone and cables. C．A sound system and a guitar. D．A microphone and a sound system. 19．A．Wednesday after school. B．Thursday from 4:00 to 6:00 PM. C．Friday before the festival. D．Saturday morning. 20．A．Promote his social media. B．Perform for 10 minutes. C．Use the school’s sound system. D．Sell merchandise like CDs or T-shirts. II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Spider found nursing its offspring with milk The words “spider” and “milk” are not two that you’d generally expect to see in the same sentence. But that’s exactly what researchers at an Asian academy of sciences have found: a spider mother feeding her babies with her own milk. This fascinating behavior 21 (observe) in a species of spider called Toxeus magnus. The researchers first made the discovery after noticing a baby spider hanging onto its mother in the lab in a way, 22 reminded them of a baby mammal (哺乳动物). Usually, only mammals produce milk for their babies, but some bird species can produce something known as “crop milk” 23 feed their young. However, the level of parental care 24 (see) in these spiders is quite rare. Female spiders of this species can lay up to 36 eggs 25 one time. When the baby spiders first hatched, they ate ‘milk’ that their mother had deposited in droplets around their nest. But soon, they began lining up to drink the milk directly from their mother. They continued doing this 26 they were about 40 days old, well after they were old enough to find food on their own. To test what they were observing, the researchers painted the mother spider to stop the milk 27 (reach) her babies. After this, all the baby spiders younger than 20 days old died. When the mother was removed from the nest, the older spiders grew more slowly and were 28 (likely) to survive to adulthood. This suggests that the milk was giving them a significant advantage. Isn’t it amazing to think about 29 diverse and unexpected nature can be? Spiders, usually thought of as independent and sometimes even scary creatures, showing such intense parental care and producing milk for their young 30 (be) truly a remarkable discovery. This shows that there’s always something new and surprising to learn about the world around us, even from creatures as tiny as spiders! Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．achievement   B．clients    C． construction  D．demonstrates  E. inspired F. integrated     G. privacy   H. philosophy    I. respecting     J. self-sustain  K.shades   Cool Schools in Burkina Faso If architects are people who like to think their way around challenges, building schools in Burkina Faso must be the dream job. The challenges are many: high temperatures, limited funds, scarce materials, and 31 young and in need of protection. Architect Diébédo Francis Kéré, who grew up in the village of Gando, knows these difficulties well. He and others, such as Albert Faus, have found innovative ways to use cheap, local materials to make schools and orphanage (孤儿院) cool and welcoming places without air conditioning. Kéré, who won the Pritzker Prize in 2022, has often said that his work is 32 by his community, which once raised money to support his education. His first major project, Gando Primary School, completed in 2001, combined local clay and traditional techniques with modern ideas. The villagers themselves took part in 33 , creating a structure that was comfortable even under the hot sun. Another of Kéré’s works, the Noomdo Orphanage near Koudougou, 34 his creative approach. The building provides temperature comfort — cool in heat and warm in cold — without needing air conditioning. Its design uses thick walls and light roofs so cool air flows in and hot air escapes. One key innovation is the raised and extended metal roof, which 35 the structure and lets hot air out, inspired by Persian Gulf architecture but given a modern form. The orphanage’s semicircular design also ensures 36 and safety, separating dormitories for boys and girls and creating calm, protected spaces for children. Architect Albert Faus’s Bangre Veenem school complex in Youlou follows a similar 37 . Built with locally sourced stone, the buildings remain cool while 38 traditional beliefs and sacred sites. The red bricks are strong, beautiful, and made by local workers. The school runs from nursery to high school, and students enjoy a comfortable environment that enhances concentration and learning. Solar panels provide electricity, allowing students to study and charge their phones at night — no small 39 in a country where only 22.5% of the population has electricity. Both Kéré and Faus prove that architecture in Burkina Faso can 40 through community engagement, local materials, and sustainable design. Their buildings not only meet environmental and economic challenges but also inspire pride and hope in education and community life. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Why do we mourn public figures? On 8 September 2022, Queen Elizabeth II died at the age of 96. At the time of writing, the UK is in the midst of a prolonged period of public mourning. Regardless of your thoughts about the monarchy, it’s undeniable that countless people were genuinely saddened by the Queen’s passing, and that many have been experiencing profound grief 41 it. This is a fascinating phenomenon, because grief is a complex and demanding process. So, why would so many 42 grief over the loss of someone they’ve likely never met, and who almost certainly had no idea that they existed? Rather than an oddity, such grief is actually 43 . It’s because of how our brains work. Humans are incredibly social creatures. It’s the basis for our dominance of the planet. We form 44 connections with other individuals like no other species. But despite what many assume, this need not be a mutual thing. It’s entirely possible for us to deeply and emotionally 45 someone who doesn’t even know we’re there. Parasocial relationships are the basis of 46 culture and every sort of fandom. After all, it’s entirely possible for people to develop deep and powerful emotions for individuals who don’t even exist. If we take this into account, it suddenly doesn’t seem so odd then that people would be able to 47 genuine affection for a real individual, especially one who may have been a(n) 48 of their world for decades. 49 , they would also then experience grief as a result of the death of that person. And because human sociability is so important, we’re often keen to express that grief with others, especially with those who share similar feelings. It’s another way of 50 , of reinforcing our remaining connections, at a time when we’ve lost one. But humans aren’t just social. We’re also hierarchical (有层级的), we instinctively. 51 status, like being looked up to by others, and looking up to others in turn. We learn from others and the examples they provide. From back in the early days of our species, where aspiring to be like the best hunters or warriors was a useful survival trait, to the present day, we 52 to look up to, identify with and want to imitate the visibly more successful members of our society. While the death of a high-profile and beloved individual often leads to widespread public mourning, the Queen’s passing is 53 on an even more profound level. This is because the Queen was visibly the head of British public life for seven decades. For someone living in the UK, she was just ‘there’, all day every day. On our money, our stamps, in the anthem, involved in all our laws and politics. She was essentially 54 . And her death showed us that one of the parts of our world which had seemed so 55 and unchanging, wasn’t. This made our world feel suddenly and fundamentally more uncertain. 41．A．in addition to B．as a result of C．in return for D．in contrast to 42．A．experience B．control C．disguise D．overcome 43．A．bitter B．genuine C．endless D．commonplace 44．A．apparent B．casual C．close D．emotional 45．A．refer to B．agree with C．invest in D．appeal to 46．A．celebrity B．mainstream C．street D．youth 47．A．return B．develop C．betray D．win 48．A．image B．spokesperson C．guest D．part 49．A．Scarcely B．Temporarily C．Accordingly D．Unfairly 50．A．surviving B．improving C．mourning D．bonding 51．A．examine B．question C．restore D．value 52．A．afford B．incline C．endure D．refuse 53．A．influential B．mysterious C．peaceful D．natural 54．A．international B．ideal C．inescapable D．virtuous 55．A．academic B．reliable C．diplomatic D．unreal Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. A The fire raced through Lahaina last August so fast that it killed 100 people and destroyed more than 2,200 buildings. It left more than 7,000 people without their possessions and in need of shelter. That afternoon, Kalyn Lepre, a 36-year-old nutritional therapist, grabbed her wallet and drove out of town. She lost everything else in her four-bedroom house: clothes, documents, jewelry and seven surfboards. Lepre surfed almost every day; surfing was a source of joy and a means to maintain her mental health. Seeing her surfboards reduced to a pile of fibers — especially her prized baby blue custom long board — was heart-wrenching. “I was so in love with that board,” she says. Jud Lau understood. The 53-year-old Maui native has been riding the waves since he was a teenager, and he’s been building surfboards for the last 15 years. He knows the value of a good surfboard. “A surfboard is part of your whole being especially in Hawaii, where surfing originated,” he says. “Losing a board is like losing a part of your soul. ” So, wanting to help the victims in some way, he started thinking about all the surfers who had lost their boards. “And I thought, that’s my area of expertise,” he says. “Surfing is a healing thing for surfers — getting in the ocean, connecting to Mother Nature. ” He realized he could give that back to them. Lau started by connecting people who wanted to donate extra boards to those who had lost theirs, about 200 boards total. Friends in Oahu and California collected another 550 boards and shipped them to Maui for Lau to distribute. But many surfers, like Lepre, use custom boards designed to accommodate their size or the type of waves they ride. So Lau turned to cash donations — raising about $20,000 — to cover the cost of materials for shaping custom boards to give away. Donating his labor, he made more than 40 boards that typically would have retailed for $ 600 to S1,500 each. He also persuaded the other shapers on the island, about a dozen of them, to make at least one board each, providing around 20 more surfboards. The recipients of Lau’s efforts include Lepre. She messaged him what she’d lost and he shaped her a high-performance, 9-foot, single-fin board with a sunset fading from yellow to orange and “Lahaina” in deep red letters in the middle. “I cried when I saw it.” Lepre says, “He created an art piece for me, and this tool would help me move forward. ” The new board allowed her to get back in the water and start healing. 56．According to the passage, what does surfing mean to Kalyn Lepre? A．It’s critical to her mental health. B．It’s optional in her everyday life. C．It’s a casual form of exercise for her. D．It’s her vital means of making a living. 57．In the second paragraph, the underlined word “heart-wrenching” is closest in meaning to ________. A．distracting B．frightening C．distressing D．puzzling 58．What can be inferred about Jud Lau’s motivation to help fire victims? A．He wanted to profit from selling surfboards B．He aimed to promote his surfboard business C．He believed surfing could aid emotional recovery D．He was ordered by local authorities to take action 59．The passage is mainly concerned with ________. A．the destructive force of a fire in Lahaina B．the significance of surfing for Hawaiian people C．how Kalyn Lepre overcame the grief of losing a surfboard D．how Jud Lau helped those who lost their surfboards in the fire B The Shimmering State by Meredith Westgate. Atria Books, 2021 ($27) Memoroxin, a personalized pill that replaces memories in people with Alzheimer’s, is being abused as a recreational drug. Disconnected from reality, Lucien and Sophie meet at a “Mem” health recovery center in Los Angeles, where personal psychological traumas, along with foreign memories, can be removed. They feel drawn to each other; have they met before? Like the film Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind , The Shimmering State explores whether the joys and pains of love can ever be fully erased. Through interconnected relationships, the novel delves into some of the moral dilemmas of a technology that can catalog and edit consciousness. —Jen Schwartz     Dark and Magical Places: The Neuroscience of Navigation by Christopher Kemp. W.W. Norton, 2022 ($26.95) Navigation is one of the most complex cognitive tasks humans engage in daily. In this fascinating dive into the brain, neurobiology researcher Christopher Kemp explores how we orient where we’re going, why we lose our way, and what scientists know about how we do both these things. Kemp’s explanations of concepts such as grid cells are clear and engaging, but the book shines brightest in his entertaining descriptions of his own chronic lostness, as well as in surprisingly moving stories about people who have wandered dangerously off route. Some make it home, but others don’t. —Tess Joosse Secret Worlds: The Extraordinary Senses of Animals by Martin Stevens. Oxford University Press, 2021 ($25.95) Ecologist Martin Stevens catalogs animals’ sensory systems and how they exceed our own while informing and challenging our reality as humans. The book has a narrative and inquisitive style that will show examples of the amazing capabilities they allow, from nocturnal dung beetles that orientate by using the Milky Way to sea turtles that navigate currents by reading the earth’s magnetic fields. Secret Worlds is filled with lessons on how different species evolved to perceive the world. —Jen St.Jude Once There Were Wolves by Charlotte McConaghy. Flatiron Books, 2021 ($27.99) Australian writer Charlotte McConaghy (author of Migrations ) delivers a thrilling and touching novel about a woman named Inti Flynn and her team of biologists who reintroduce gray wolves into Scotland’s remote Highlands. At first, the wolves seem to thrive, but when a farmer gets hurt, she suspects the man she loves. Her story unfolds as a social and scientific meditation on the consequences of influencing ecosystems, while reminding us that humans and animals alike can break our hearts. —Amy Brady 60．What can we infer from the introduction of The Shimmering State? A．Memoroxin, which cures Alzheimer’s, is a recreational drug. B．Lucien and Sophie feel drawn to each other for foreign memories. C．The book suggests the joys and pains of love should be completely removed. D．Editing consciousness by a technology may bring about some moral problems. 61．It can be learned from the whole passage that__________. A．among the four books, only Dark and Magical Places touches upon the topic of navigation B．the heroine in Once There Were Wolves doesn’t believe the farmer is hurt by wolves C．the highlights of Dark and Magical Places are Kemp’s explanations of some concepts D．McConaghy’s novel merely focuses on the social and scientific impact on the ecosystems 62．If Bob is interested in science and wants to gain more insight into animals’ perception of the world, which of the books should be recommended? A．The Shimmering State B．Dark and Magical Places C．Secret Worlds D．Once There Were Wolves C The Canonization of James Joyce When Richard Ellmann’s James Joyce hit the shelves in 1959, the sheer size of the book (842 pages, 100 longer than Ulysses) was as dazzling as the degree of detail. Joyce, who had been dead for 18 years, vividly inhabited its chapters, getting drunk, going blind, spending money, spiting enemies, cogitating, and, of course, creating a series of works that immediately made literary history. Moving briskly across the first half of the 20th century, Ellmann spun a tale about the formation of a writer whose name could be mentioned in the same breath as Homer’s without irony. Ellmann owed his triumph, in part, to being in the right place at the right time. By the early 1950s, he had spent a year at Trinity College Dublin researching his prizewinning essay on William Butler Yeats, received a Ph. D．from Yale, and become an ambitious 30-something professor at Northwestern University. Yeats’s widow (遗孀) was ready to provide introductions in Dublin; Stanislaus Joyce, his brother, had shared material from his diaries and unfinished memoir. Nelly Joyce, Stanislaus’s widow, unleashed holy-grail-grade manuscripts; so did Jolas. And Sylvia Beach, a fellow American and the fearless publisher of Ulysses, was still knocking around Paris willing to entertain questions. You also need charm, lots of it, to make a biography like James Joyce happen. Ellmann, a virtuosic chatter, could get people to do his bidding without ever seeming too pushy. A delivery of coal during the winter; some chocolates, cigarettes, cocoa, or tea in any season — accompanied by a carefully worded request, such offerings could go a long way when he needed to gain (or restrict) access to material. James Joyce was immediately recognized as a masterpiece — not just a comprehensive life-and-art account of Joyce, but a genre breakthrough. Developing a style that was at once detached and ornate, Ellmann works as a historical novelist, using facts as a springboard for a subtle psychological portrayal intertwined with layered critical interpretations. In his quest for a definitive biography of Joyce as a cosmopolitan artist, above the parochial fray, Ellmann downplayed Joyce’s interest in politics. In fact, before Joyce ever published a book, he wrote newspaper articles and delivered lectures in Italian about Irish nationalism and his disdain for British imperialism in his native country, work that shed helpful light on his fiction. “My political opinions,” he summed up in a letter to his brother, “are those of a Socialist artist.” His work is saturated with references to Irish history, politics, geography, and culture rich in allusions, both explicit and puzzle-like, to major figures and events. Still, to say that Ellmann is to Joyce what James Boswell is to Samuel Johnson is not too big a stretch. He didn’t arrive in time to befriend Joyce, but he got to the posthumous scene first; gathered fresh accounts; captured not just the context, but his subject’s character and his creative process. Not least, Ellmann emerged, as Boswell did, with a mold-breaking portrait that has retained an enduring power over the readers and scholars who have followed. 63．Which of the following contributed to Ellmann’s success in writing James Joyce? A．He obtained a letter of recommendation from a Yale professor for his research. B．Yeats’s widow facilitated his access to contacts within the Dublin community. C．Sylvia Beach furnished him with rare manuscripts of Joyce’s unpublished works. D．He drew on his own unfinished memoir to enrich the content of the biography. 64．The limitation of Ellmann’s James Joyce lies in _________. A．its overlooking Joyce’s anti-imperialist expressions and socialist stance. B．its failure to analyze the connection between Joyce’s works and Homer’s epics C．its laying insufficient emphasis on the influence of Yeats on Joyce’s writing. D．its lacking detailed descriptions of Joyce’s physical struggles and financial hardships. 65．What does the word “virtuosic” (Para. 3) most probably mean? A．Aggressive B．Skilled C．Awkward D．Modest 66．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To analyze Joyce’s literary achievements and political views. B．To introduce Ellmann’s biography of Joyce and its significance. C．To compare Joyce’s works with those of Homer and Yeats. D．To explain how to write a successful literary biography. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. “No One Goes Cold!” Washington is home to lots of trees — it is the Evergreen State, after all—and lots of fireplaces and wood-burning stoves too. But what if you lived there and couldn’t chop wood or couldn’t afford to pay someone to do it? Luckily, Shane McDaniel and his twin sons, Harrison and Henry McDaniel, 21, are happy to lend an ax. The three men chop truckloads of wood—then donate it to those in need. “ 67 ” That’s how Shane explained to heraldnet.com. “Or someone who has a broken shoulder and can’t cut wood.” 68 “I had to cut wood along with my dad. He just loved doing it,” says Shane, 48, a divorced father of six. He wanted to pass along that feeling, so he and the twins spent the summer of 2018 like a clan of Paul Bunyans. The result was a great wall of wood piled up around their house in Lake Stevens, 35 miles outside of Seattle. Technically, it was 40 cords—a cord measures four feet high, four feet wide, and eight feet deep. To buy that much would cost about $10,000. It was too much for the McDaniels to use themselves, and when the weather turned cold that November, Shane started thinking of others. He posted on Facebook: “IF YOU ARE IN NEED OF FIREWOOD AND CANNOT AFFORD IT, PLEASE PM [personal message] ME!...If you know someone who BURNS WOOD, and they’re looking at a cold house this holiday season, please help 69 ” The response was immediate. One man offered to donate a wood-burning furnace. Others raced over to Norm’s, the mini-mart Shane owns, with more wood for the pile. One woman, noticing the photo of the buff McDaniel men in the Facebook post, started to feel warm in other ways: “ 70 I don’t need the wood. But truly I appreciate the eye candy!” A．The idea started as a father-son bonding project, he told msn.com. B．It has nothing to do with how well it’s received; it’s about how much it’s needed. C．Please post more pictures of you in sleeveless shirts. D．I want people who are burning cardboard because they’ve got nothing. E．So much stress and anxiety is off my shoulders. F．Please help me and my boys make sure NO ONE GOES COLD IN OUR HOOD． IV.Summary Writing (共10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Small talk Small talk is often thought of as unimportant, or perhaps worse, a substitute for real speech and thought in common opinion. Nevertheless, research suggests they will benefit. One reason for small talk’s bad reputation is that it tends, for obvious reasons, to aim for the lowest common denominator (分母). In ritualized dialogue, little information is exchanged. “Hello” signals nothing at all. “How are you?” rarely gets a fully honest answer. However, linguists call that crucial hello, talk phatic (交流情感的) Bronislaw Malinowski, who coined the term in the 1920s; explained that in phatic talk ties of union are created by a mere exchange of words. “If you know literally nothing about someone you can still safely presume they prefer sun to rain, and begin to establish a connection on that basis. If your bus or train is suddenly stuck, an even better opportunity arises. You can be sure your fellow passengers are not happy about it, and a shared grousing session makes them—and you—feel less alone with your inconvenience. At work, small talk may seem a distraction from what employees are paid to do. But there is a spectrum between empty talk (“Hello”), social talk (“How was your holiday?”), social talk relevant to work (“Is Sarah still on holiday?”) and pure business talk (“Has Sarah finished that report?”). A study of government departments in New Zealand by Janet Holmes shows how frequently people switch between those modes, even in brief conversations. That suggests a function beyond filling awkward gaps. Among other things, such chatter can bond equals together in a shared task. She also finds that bosses are more likely to initiate small talks with subordinates than the other round (as well as to cut it off). This is because, even without being told, a good manager realises that it can soften a following instruction. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72．你所克服的困难终将使你强大。（end up）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 73．发生紧急情况时，牢记保持头脑冷静，先打110。(bear)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 74．无论你是因为上课时走神还是因为学业负担过重而心力交瘁，请及时向老师求助! (turn to) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 75．网络上催人奋进的故事被网友们贴上了“正能量”的标签，它们描述了普通人坚持不懈的奋斗，激励着更多人书写属于自己的辉煌篇章。(label v.) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的学生李乐，学校即将举办科技节，想要向全校师生征文，主题为“对你生活影响巨大的科学发明”。写一篇文章，内容需包括： 1）你认为对你生活影响巨大的一项科技发明； 2）阐述你的理由。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $