专题八 名词性从句-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮创新示范卷（人教版）

参考 B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。主要讨论了微笑 对情绪的影响，以及微笑在职业和人际关系中的重 要性。 5.A [词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“yet their warm and amicable expression could lift your spirits. That person's smile had the power to shift your gloomy mood.(但他们温暖友好的表情能让你振作起来。那 个人的微笑有改变你忧郁情绪的力量。)”可以看出， 此处是说也许你情绪低落，微笑能够改变你忧郁的情 绪。因此， low指的是“情绪低落”， 和A项“沮丧的” 意思相近。] 6.A [细节理解题。根据第二段“This is because your brain releases endorphins， which are like natural painkillers and can boost your self-esteem (这是因为 你的大脑会释放内啡肽，它就像天然的止痛药，可以 增强你的自尊。)”可知，内啡肽的作用是引发幸 福感。] 7.C [推理判断题。根据第三段“Employers often note that a candidate who avoids eye contact and hides their smile may seem untrustworthy.(雇主通常会注 意到，避免目光接触、隐藏笑容的求职者可能看起来 不值得信任。)”可以看出，不微笑的人可能在找工作 时遇到困难，因为他们看起来有些不可信。] 8.D [推理判断题。从第四段“I find great satisfaction in helping individuals of all ages build their self-es teem. Witnessing the joy and newfound confidence in my clients after our sessions is immensely rewarding. (在帮助各个年龄段的人建立自尊的过程中，我感到 非常满足。在我们的疗程结束后，看到我的客户的喜 悦和新发现的信心是非常值得的。 ”可知，作者可能 是一名顾问。] Ⅳ.阅读七选五 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一 些方法以帮助我们在生活中开创新篇章。 1.C [上文“Whether it is your schooling or a serious life struggle， we must learn to turn the page and change our life for the better.(无论是你的学校教育 还是严肃的生活斗争，我们都必须学会翻开新的一 页，让我们的生活变得更好。)”提出我们都应学会翻 开新的一页，创造自己的新篇章，C选项“以下是你如 何在生活中开创新篇章的方法。”承上启下，引出下文 的方法。] 2.D [下文“Everything that you faced until now was just a part of the problem and everything that comes after the line will be part of the solution.(到目前为 止，你所面临的一切都只是问题的一部分，而这条线 之后的一切都将成为解决方案的一部分。) ”中“the line”是特指， 由此可知， 上文中会出现其指代对象。D 选项“What you can do in this situation is draw a men- tal line.(在这种情况下， 你能做的就是在划出心理界 限。) ”提出“mental line”的概念， 即下文中“the line”。] 3.G [上文“When handling a tough situation， you may need some extra help. Connect with people that have gone through the same trials as you have. During the interactions， you will notice the different patterns which made them successful.(在处理棘手情况时， 你 可能需要一些额外的帮助。与经历过和你相同考验 答案 答案 的人联系。在互动过程中，你会注意到使他们成功的 不同模式。)”提出通过与有相同考验的人之间的互 动，可以发现他们不同的成功模式，G选项“Besides, you will obtain the motivation you can't find in your- slf.(此外，你会获得你在自己身上找不到的动力。)” 承接上文，提出另一个好处：可以找到新的动力，与上 文构成并列关系。] 4.E[上文“Engaging in battles and struggles is going to be very hard..(投身于奋斗和努力将是非常困难 的。)”提出投身于奋斗和努力将面临困难，E选项 "However,giving up and being stuck in pain will be even harder..(然而，放弃和陷入痛苦会更加困难。)” 承接上文，指出放弃会更困难，句中“even harder'”照 应上文“very hard'”,构成递进关系，引出下文“Picture your goals in your mind and make sensible steps to- wards them with each passing day.(在你的脑海中勾 勒出你的目标，每过一天就朝着目标迈出合理的一 步。)”正确做法，我们应该明确目标，朝着目标迈进， 不能放弃。] 5.F[上文“L,ife moves on and so should we.(生活要继 续，我们也要继续。)”建议让生活继续，F选项“It your tears and sweat water the seeds of your future happiness..(让你的泪水和汗水浇灌你未来幸福的种 子。)”承接上文，鼓励作者开启新的篇章，句中“y0ur future happiness'”照应下文中“The new chapter of your life”。] 专题八名词性从句 [,单句语法填空 1.What[考查主语从句。句意：让我意识到这些建筑 的重要性的是我在大学里学到的关于中国古代建筑 的知识。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指事物用连 接代词what,句首单词首字母大写。故填What。] 2.that[考查同位语从句。句意：一位专家预测：“人们 去游戏中出现的地方旅游的趋势不会只是一时的狂 热，而是一股长期的文化和经济力量。”引导同位语从 句，说明trend的内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故 用that。故填that。] 3.what[考查主语从句。句意：除了它们简单的美丽 之外，土坯住宅令人钦佩的是它们能够在不使用电气 设备的情况下“调节”房屋。此处为连接词引导的主 语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用连接代词，且此处 指的是事物，所以此处使用连接代词what。故填 what。」 4.what[考查名词性从句。句意：即使知道公司想要 做什么，人们仍然不知道他们使用脸书所付出的代 价，因为他们根本不知道自己的个人信息多么有价 值。同位语从句中，从句动词paying缺少宾语，故用 what引导。故填what。] 5,what[考查表语从句。句意：火药和化学化合物的 爆炸性混合物使烟花闪烁出美丽的颜色和有趣的形 状。空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作主语，指物，所 以应用what引导。故填what。] 6.what[考查宾语从句。句意：唐卡画是从早期的壁 画发展而来的，这些壁画可以在印度的阿旃陀石窟和 中国的莫高窟中看到。空处引导宾语从句，引导词在 从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，故填 what。J -19 英 7.where [考查宾语从句。句意：在交朋友的时候，我 们应该把注意力集中在我们的共同点上，把我们的分 歧放在一边。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从 句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词引导，在从句中 作地点状语， 根据句意， 应用 where 引导。故填 where。] 8.that [考查表语从句。句意：中国与许多其他古文化 的一个重要区别是，许多中国艺术家不是专业人士， 而是同时也是学者的业余爱好者。分析句子结构可 知，空格处引导表语从句，从句在语义和成分上均完 整， 因此使用that引导表语从句， 故填that。] 9.What [考查主语从句。句意：重要的是， 随着我们进 入一个新的农历年，全球人民都能欣赏到龙这样的中 国象征所体现的文化价值。本空引导主语从句，从句 缺少主语， 用what引导。故填What。] 10.what [考查宾语从句。句意：科学家们在秦始皇帝 陵西侧的著名兵马俑附近，发现了似乎是古代羊拉 战车的遗骸。空处应填连接词what 引导宾语从句， 表示“什么”，在从句中作介词of的宾语，从句主语为 the remains of what。故填what。] 11.what [考查主语从句的引导词。句意：在中央大街 上，最令游客印象深刻的是有组织的鄂伦春人游行， 鄂伦春人是该地区的少数民族。设空处引导主语从 句且在句中作指物的主语， 应用what。故填what。] 12.what [考查宾语从句。句意：我们如何理解事物与 我们的感受有很大关系。分析句子，设空处引导的 是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作表语，意为“什么”。 故填what。] 13.because 「考查表语从句。句意：这是因为他可以做 72个变化，把自己变成不同的动物和物体。引导表 语从句， 从句缺少原因状语， 应用 because。故填 be cause。] 14.where [考查表语从句。句意：更重要的是， 这里是 所有车手接受训练的地方。设空处引导表语从句， 从句中缺少地点状语， 应用 where 引导， 故填 where.] 15.where [考查表语从句。句意：传统武术给他们带 来了一种符合他们内心自我的具体而自然的生活方 式。他们是年轻人和中国传统文化融合的地方。引 导表语从句， 从句缺少地点状语， 故填 where。] 16.what [考查宾语从句。句意：“我对他们的经历很 好奇，所以我决定改编这部小说。”他补充道。引导 宾语从句， 从句缺少宾语， 指物， 应用 what。故填 what。] 17.what [考查主语从句。句意：中国戏曲中的唱腔是 一个令人印象深刻的方面。除了唱腔，最吸引人的 是演员的舞蹈和杂技。空格处引导主语从句，且在 从句中作主语， 指事物， 故此处应用连接代词 what。 故填what。 18.that [考查表语从句。句意：问题是少一个小时的 睡眠不等于多一个小时的成果。设空处引导表语从 句，从句句子结构完整，不缺少成分和含义，故填 that。] 19.what [考查主语从句。句意：中国现在有近三万公 里的高速铁路。使用高速铁路，过去需要34个小时 的旅程现在只需要7到9个小时。引导主语从句，从 句缺少主语， 指物应用what。故填what。] 答案 语 20.what [考查表语从句。句意：所有这些都使这个地 方成为了一个神奇而独特的旅游目的地。空处引导 表语从句， 从句缺少主语， 指物， 需用连接代词what 引导。故填what。] 21.how [考查宾语从句。句意：你可以参观杭州或其 他地方的茶园，了解如何种植和收获茶叶。空处引 导宾语从句，且从句缺少方式状语，应用连接代词 how， 表示“如何， 怎样”。故填how。] 22.why [考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语 培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语 从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，此处 是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意， 应用why引导表语从句。故填why。] 23.whether/if [考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席， Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以在大约四 分之三的时间里远程进行，他们表示同意。分析句 子可知， 空处引导名词性从句作ask的宾语， 宾语从 句的成分完整， 结合“she could do so remotely”和 “they agreed”可知， 空处需表达“是否”， 应用连接词 whether或if作引导词。故填 whether/if。] 24.what [考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数 客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。本句为包 含表语从句的复合句，在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是 指事物， 所以应用连接代词what。故填what。] .语法填空 [语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了 一起交通事故。 1.that [It be+过去分词十that为固定句式， 其中it为 形式主语， that从句为真正的主语。] 2.what [句意：没人看到当时发生了什么。what引导 宾语从句作saw的宾语。] 3.Who [句意：谁应对这一事故负责仍然在调查中。 主语从句中缺少主语且设空处表示“人”，故填Wh 引导。] 4.whether [句意：警察不能确定司机是否有罪。根据 题干中的uncertain可知设空处表示“是否”， 介词后不 能由if来引导宾语从句， 故填whether。] 5.What [句意：现在警察应做的是他们必须弄清楚事 故的起因。what 引导主语从句， 在从句中作do 的 宾语。] 6.that [they must find out what led to the accident.”为表语从句， 该从句结构完整， 不缺成分， 故 填that。] 7.how [句意：他们说他们很难判断， 因为事故是如何 发生的还不清楚。根据句意可知设空处应为表示方 式的连接副词 $$h o w _ { a } \right]$$ 8.that[句意：也许原因是司机太疲劳了而没能及时刹 住车。The reason is/was that...为固定句式， 意思是 “原因是……”。] 9.that[句意：司机不承认他在拐弯处开得太快这个事 实。that引导同位语从句， 解释fact的具体内容。] 10.if/whether [句意：警察不能肯定他所说的话是否 是真的， 决定做进一步的调查。doubt用在肯定句中 时后面的宾语从句常用if/whether引导。] Ⅲ.阅读理解 A.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。本文讨论了久坐对 健康和认知能力的负面影响，并建议通过在日常工作中 安排定时的身体锻炼来改善心脏健康和增强大脑功能。 -20 参考 l.A[推理判断题。根据第一段“Being sedentary(久 throughout the workday has long been criticized for its effects on health,especially in terms of heart function.Actually,sitting too much is tough on your brain as well.(长期以来，人们一直批评在工作日久坐 不动对健康的影响，尤其是对心脏功能的影响。事实 上，久坐对你的大脑也不好。)”可知，减少工作日的久 坐行为可能有益于人们的整体健康。] 2.B[词句猜测题。根据上文“there was no significant difference in typing ability-meaning that just be- cause you're walking or stepping,work performance doesn't(打字能力没有显著差异一这意味着仅仅因 为你走路或踏步，工作表现不会…)”可知，研究报 告称，步行或踏步对员工的打字能力没有显著影响， 这意味着步行或踏步并不会导致工作效率下降。故 画线词sputter的意思是“下降”。] 3.C[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Because of that, creating a consistent routine at your workplace for physical activity can be crucial for keeping your brain sharp,according to Loretta Graziano Breuning,PhD, author of Habits of a Happy Brain.'Being active during a workday on a predictable schedule can get your brain fired up as that exercise period approa- ches,’Breuning said..(因此，根据《快乐大脑的习惯》 一书的作者洛丽塔·格拉齐亚诺·布鲁宁博士的说 法，在你的工作场所建立一个一致的体育锻炼计划对 保持你的大脑敏捷至关重要。布鲁宁说：‘在工作日 里，按照一个可预测的时间表活跃起来，可以让你的 大脑在锻炼时间临近时活跃起来。)”可知，提到洛丽 塔·格拉齐亚诺·布鲁宁是为了支持研究者对临床 试验的结论。 4.D[主旨大意题。根据第一段“A recent clinical trial published in Journal of the American Heart Associa- tion noted that extended sedentary behavior is a risk factor for chronic disease,even for those who exercise regularly outside of the workday.To determine the effects of being more active at a job,researchers set up active workstations at an employee wellness cen- ter,focusing on standing desks,treadmills,and step machines,and using them for 45 to 55 minutes a day. (最近发表在《美国心脏协会杂志》上一项临床试验指 出，久坐不动的行为是慢性疾病的一个风险因素，即 使对那些在工作日之外经常锻炼的人来说也是如此。 为了确定在工作中更活跃的效果，研究人员在员工健 康中心设置了活跃的工作站，重点放在站立式办公 桌、跑步机和踏步机上，每天使用45到55分钟。)”结 合本文主要介绍了一项研究成果：在工作中使用活动 工作站“如站立桌、跑步机和踏步机”可以减少久坐行 为并提升认知能力和改善心脏健康。因此，D项“通 过使用活动工作站来改善大脑和心脏健康”为本文最 佳标题。] B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是海 洋对人类的意义重大，但海洋之大，让人们误以为她的 资源取之不尽用之不竭，人类对海洋资源无穷无尽的索 取让她面临严峻的挑战。 5.B[主旨大意题。根据首段中的“The ocean provides 3bn people with almost a fifth of their protein (mak- ing fish a bigger source of the stuff than beef).Cli- 答案 答案 mate and weather systems depend on the temperature patterns of the ocean and its interactions with the at- mosphere. If anything ought to be too big to fail， it is the ocean.”可知， 此处介绍了海洋对民生的重要性以 及海洋对环境的重要性，由此可知，第一段主要介绍 的是海洋的重要性。] 6.A [推理判断题。根据第三段中“The ocean stores more than nine-tenths of the heat trapped on Earth by greenhouse-gas emissions.”可知， 海洋储存着滞留在 地球上十分之九以上的热量， 结合下文中的“By the middle of the century the ocean could contain more plastic than fish by weight. Ground down into tiny pieces， it is eaten by fish and then by people， with uncertain effects on human health.”可知， 本段列举了 海洋面临的问题：存储因温室气体排放而滞留在地球 的热量以及海洋的塑料污染问题，由此可知，作者是 通过列举海洋目前面临的问题来表达信息的。] 7.D [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Such self-de- structive behavior demands explanation. Unarguably， the ocean being subject to a series of laws and agree- ments， enforcement is hard.”以及下文中的“It is tell- ing that there is only a single fleeting reference to the ocean in the Paris agreement on climate change.”可 知，作者在段首点明海洋受到一系列法律和协议的约 束，但是执行起来很难，进而在尾句中提到关于气候 变化的《巴黎协定》的执行情况，由此可知，作者提及 《巴黎协议》是为了证明海洋保护是被忽视的。] 8.C 推理判断题。根据首段“The ocean covers al- most three-quarters of the planet. Were all the ... temperature patterns of the ocean and its interactions with the atmosphere. If anything ought to be too big to fail， it is the ocean.”可知， 本文在分析海洋面临的 问题时，先写了海洋的重要性：海洋之大、海洋对民生 的重要性、海洋对环境的重要性，进而在下文描述海 洋面临的问题：资源问题、环境问题，这样更能引起人 们的关注与警觉，由此可推断，海洋对人类如此重要， 而当前又面临着如何多的问题，所以，接下来作者应 该介绍的是如何应对海洋的挑战。] Ⅳ.阅读七选五 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了健康友 谊的一些特征。 1.B [由上文中的“Once in a while it's helpful to see if your friendship is as healthy as it can be.(偶尔看看你 们的友谊是否健康是很有帮助的。) ”和下文“Here are characteristics(特征) that strong friendships share. (以下是牢固友谊共有的特征。)”可知，B项“你们的友 谊健康吗?”符合语境，起承上启下的作用，B项中的 “as healthy as it can be”与上文中的“as healthy as it can be”呼应。] 2.D [设空处为小标题； 根据下文“so you don't need to act like someone you're not(所以你不需要表现得像 别人一样) ”以及“A healthy friendship includes plenty of gentle honesty.(健康的友谊包括大量温和的诚 实。)”可知，空处应是说好朋友之间应真诚相待，D项 “好朋友彼此之间是真实和诚实的”能够概括主旨。] 3.G [根据上文“A healthy friendship includes plenty of gentle honesty.(健康的友谊包括大量温和的诚 实。) ”和下文“As a result， you'll know where you -21 英 stand with your friends and won't be afraid to share your true opinions.(因此， 你会知道你与朋友的立场， 不会害怕分享你的真实观点。)”可知，本段主要是关 于朋友之间的诚实，G项“在一段积极的友谊中，你的 朋友不会对你撒谎，也不会伤害你的感情。”符合 语境。] 4.A [根据“They argue in a healthy way.(他们以健康 的方式争吵。) ”以及下文“In fact， voicing your opin ions freely will cause you to disagree from time to time and that's okay.(事实上， 自由地表达你的观点 会导致你偶尔不同意，这没关系。)”可知，健康的争吵 没关系，A项“争吵并非不健康。”符合语境。] 5.F [根据“Healthy friendships mean you can be friends with someone else， too.(健康的友谊意味着你 也可以和别人成为朋友。) ”以及下文“That's why great friends will improve your relationship yet still encourage you to meet people and try new things without them.”可知， 健康的友谊意味着你也可以和 别人成为朋友，好朋友会鼓励你认识新的人，F项“即 使你有最好的朋友，扩大你的社交圈也无妨。”符合 语境。] 专题九定语从句 I. .单句语法填空 1.whose [考查定语从句。句意：Bana对音乐的热情 来自她的父亲，他是一位音乐家，在父亲的影响下，她 8岁时就开始学习小提琴和钢琴。此处为“介词十关 系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句， 先行词为her fa the r， 与空后的名词influence之间是所属关系， 应用 关系代词 whose来引导。故填whose。 2.that/which [考查定语从句。句意：他与另外两名工 程师一起研发了电报系统以及相关编码，该编码通过 一系列点、划(即短脉冲和长脉冲)来表示英文字母表 中的每个字母。定语从句修饰先行词the telegraph and the code， 在从句作主语， 指物， 故填that/which。] 3.where [考查定语从句。句意：那是在1月初， 在中 国东部浙江省安吉县，一种被称为“玉竹”的特殊竹子 大量生长。此处为关系副词where 引导的非限制性 定语从句， 先行词Zhejiang Province在从句中作地点 状语成分。故填where。] 4.which [考查定语从句。句意：在加纳这个拥有3000 多万人口的西非国家，一旦打开黄金时段的电视，观 众们就有很多选择，可以在闲暇时间观看各种各样的 节目，其中中国电视剧尤为突出。分析可知，此处为 “介词十关系代词”结构引导非限制性定语从句，先行 词 shows， 指物， 故应用关系代词 which。 故填 which。 5.where [考查定语从句。第一分句主干是 scholars found an ancient waterway； 第二分句主干是they also discovered an area， to the west of the site是介词短语 作状语， 其中先行词是 an area， 后跟定语从句 a large amount of wild rice seemed to have grown。先 行词表示地点，空处在从句中作地点状语，故填 where。] 6.who [考查定语从句。句意：这听起来很像美国政治 家和发明家本杰明·富兰克林的一句名言，他警告人 们不要浪费金钱，他说：“谨防小开销——小漏洞会沉 大船。”空处引导非限制性定语从句， 先行词是Benja min Franklin， 指人， 在定语从句中充当主语。因此， 答案 语 此处要用关系代词who来引导这个非限定性定语从 句。故填who.] 7.which[考查定语从句。句意：北京中轴线于7月27 日被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，这是中国 第59个世界遗产。先行词为整句话，在非限制性定 语从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which,故填 which。] 8.who[考查定语从句。句意：叶问是一位著名的咏春 拳练习者，他还把咏春拳教给了他的学生李小龙，李 小龙后来出演了深受喜爱的香港功夫电影，并帮助中 国武术闻名世界。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 Bruce Lee,在从句作主语，指人。故填who。」 9.when[考查定语从句。句意：西安作为丝绸之路的 起，点而著名，是中国古代历史上几个朝代的首都，包 括秦、汉和唐，那时这个城市被叫做长安。分析成分 可知，逗号前是主句，空处引导了非限制性定语从句， 先行词为Qin,Han,and Tang,引导词指代时间在从 句中作状语。故填when。] l0.which[考查定语从句。句意：它最初的商业模式 是在网页边侧卖广告，这种商业模式已经完全失败 了。句中先行词model在非限定性定语从句作主 语，故用关系代词which。故填which。] 1l.where[考查定语从句。句意：在上海、北京和广州 等城市，这导致了一个等级制度，孩子们根据他们能 接触到的香烟品牌给彼此排名。空处引导定语从 句，先行词a hierarchy,关系词替代先行词在定语从 句中作地，点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填 where. l2.where[考查定语从句。句意：第二，社交网站创造 了一个环境，在这个环境中，你可以允许与他人互 动：你可以分享你的照片、视频、链接和想法，并对他 们分享的内容做出反应。引导定语从句并在从句中 作状语，先行词是地点名词environment,故用 wherea l3.which[考查定语从句。句意：今天下午，我们英国 人来到巴斯，这是最重要、最优雅的下午茶目的地。 此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Bath,指物，应 填which,作定语从句的主语，故填which。] 14.which[考查定语从句。句意：6G测试卫星承载了 一个分布式的6G自主架构，由中国移动和中国科学 院微卫星创新研究院共同开发。非限制性定语从句 修饰先行词a distributed autonomous architecture for6G,关系词在从句作主语，指物。故填which。] 15.that/which[考查定语从句。句意：考古学家报告 称在喇家遗址发现了一只陶碗，里面装有4000年前 的面条。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词为an earthenware bowl,指物，关系词代替先行词在从句 中作主语，应用that/which引导。故填that/ which。 16.that[考查定语从句。句意：他解释说：“考虑到个 人喜好，我们精心策划了代表流行和摇滚等多种音 乐类型的阵容。”设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰 先行词lineup(阵容)，前面被the very修饰，只用 that不用which。故填that。] 17.that/which[考查定语从句。句意：这种起源于中 国古代的民间疗法在老一辈人中很受欢迎。定语从 句修饰先行词treatment,关系词在从句作主语，指 物。故填that/which。 22[第一部分]》语法专项卷 专题八名词性从句 .单句语法填空 1. made me realize the significance of these buildings was the knowledge I learned about ancient Chinese architecture in university. 2.“This trend people visit places featured in the game will not just be a passing craze(狂热) but along-term cultural and economic force， ”an expert has predicted. 3.In addition to their simple beauty， makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to“air condition”a house without using electric equipment. 4.Even if they know what the company is up to， they still have no idea they're paying for Facebook， because people don't really know what their personal details are worth. 5.An explosive mixture of gun-powder and chemical compounds(化合物) is makes fireworks flash in pretty colours and fun shapes. 6.The Thangka paintings were developed over the centuries from the early murals(壁画) that can be seen in is titled“Library Caves”， such as the Ajanta Caves in India and the Mogao Caves in China. 7.While making friends， we're supposed to focus on what we have in common and set aside we disagree. 8.An important difference between China and many other ancient cultures is many Chinese artists were not professionals but amateurs who were also scholars. 9.is important is that as we enter a new lunar year people globally appreciate the cul tural values embodied in such Chinese symbols as Loong. 10.Scientists have discovered the remains of appears to be an ancient sheep-drawn chariot(战车) near the famous Terracotta Army in the western tomb of Emperor Q in Shi Huang. 11.On Central Street， struck the tourists most was the organized parades featuring the Or oq en(鄂伦春族) ， an ethnic minority from the region. 12.How we understand things has a lot to do with we feel. 13.In fact， he sometimes does not even look like a monkey. This is he can make 72 changes， turning himself into different animals and objects. 14.Even more importantly， it is all the drivers receive their training. t is 15.Traditional martial arts have brought a concrete and natural way of life i n ine with their inner selves. They are young people and traditional Chinese culture blend(融合) . 16.“I am very curious about they have experienced， so I have decided to adapt this n $$1 0 ^ { - }$$ vel， ”he added. 17.The singing in Chinese opera is an impressive aspect. In addition to singing， fasc i- nates people most is actors'dance and acrobatics. 18.The problem is one less hour of sleep is not equal to an extra hour of achievements. 19.China now has nearly 30， 000 kilometers of high speed track. Using high speed rail， used to be a 34-hour journey can now be accomplished in just seven to nine hours. —29 20.All this is makes this place a magical one-of-a-kind destination 21.You can visit a tea plantation in Hangzhou or elsewhere to learn tea is grown and har- vested. 22.This is they need an English trainer. 23.Cobb,for her party,started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak she could do so remotely;about three-quarters of the time,they agreed. 24.If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities,that's they'll pro- mote. Ⅱ.语法填空 It was reported 1. there was an accident at the corner of Roman Street this morn- ing.No one saw 2. on earth happened then.A car ran into a truck but fortunately,no body got injured.3. is responsible for the accident is still under investigation.The po- lice are uncertain about 4. the driver is guilty.5. the police should do now is 6 they must find out what led to the accident.They said it was difficult for them to judge because 7. the accident happened was not clear.Perhaps the reason was 8. the driver was too tired to stop the car in time.The driver didn't admit the fact 9. he was driv- ing too fast at the turning.The police doubted 10. what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation. Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Being sedentary()throughout the workday has long been criticized for its effects on health,especially in terms of heart function.Actually,sitting too much is tough on your brain as well.A recent clinical trial published in Journal of the American Heart Association noted that extended sedentary behavior is a risk factor for chronic disease,even for those who exercise regularly outside of the workday.To determine the effects of being more active at a job,re- searchers set up active workstations at an employee wellness center,focusing on standing desks, treadmills,and step machines,and using them for 45 to 55 minutes a day. After asking 44 participants to use these workstations for four days,researchers reported there was no significant difference in typing ability-meaning that just because you're walking or stepping,work performance doesn't sputter-but scores on cognitive function tests improved with each subsequent day. Researchers acknowledged that the short timeframe is a limitation of the study,so it's un- known whether these cognitive improvements would continue in the long term.However,they did conclude that it seems active workstations could be a fundamental way to decrease sedentary time,providing advantages for cardiovascular(心血管的)conditions as well as cognitive per- formance. What if your boss isn't ordering stair steppers and treadmill desks,though?The good news is that setting a schedule where you move more often can give you a brain boost-no matter what your workstation looks like. For example,just walking briskly around an office for five minutes improves health out- comes related to cardiovascular function,which could have a beneficial effect on mental function. Even short bursts of movement can literally improve the function of your brain.And the biggest advantages tend to come with activity that is structured,planned,and repeated,rather than just moving around whenever you have the chance. 30 Because of that,creating a consistent routine at your workplace for physical activity can be crucial for keeping your brain sharp,according to Loretta Graziano Breuning,PhD,author of Habits of a Happy Brain."Being active during a workday on a predictable schedule can get your brain fired up as that exercise period approaches,"Breuning said. 1.What can be inferred about reducing sedentary behavior during the workday? A.It may benefit our overall health. B.It has no significant health benefits. C.It is unnecessary if we exercise regularly. D.It hardly benefits those with chronic disease. 2.Which has the closest meaning to the underlined word "sputter"in Paragraph 2? A.Decide. B.Decline. C.Impress. D.Improve. 3.Why is Loretta Graziano Breuning mentioned in the text? A.To introduce a new type of workstation. B.To stress the bad effects of sedentary behavior. C.To support the researchers'conclusion of the clinical trial. D.To explain the benefits of exercising outside of work hours. 4.What could be the best title for the text? A.The benefits of taking exercise B.The negative effects of sedentary behavior C.Improve your typing skills with more moves D.Boost your brain and heart health with active workstations 分 The ocean covers almost three-quarters of the planet.Were all the planet's water placed over the United States,it would form a column of liquid 132km tall.The ocean provides 3bn people with almost a fifth of their protein (making fish a bigger source of the stuff than beef). Climate and weather systems depend on the temperature patterns of the ocean and its interac- tions with the atmosphere.If anything ought to be too big to fail,it is the ocean. Humans have long assumed that the ocean's size allowed them to put anything they wanted into it and to take anything they wanted out.However,changing temperatures and chemistry, overfishing and pollution have stressed its ecosystems for decades. The ocean stores more than nine-tenths of the heat trapped on Earth by greenhouse-gas emissions.Consequently,coral reefs are suffering.Scientists expect almost all corals to be gone by 2050.By the middle of the century the ocean could contain more plastic than fish by weight. Ground down into tiny pieces,it is eaten by fish and then by people,with uncertain effects on human health.Nevertheless,appetite for fish grows:almost 90%of stocks are fished either at or beyond their sustainable limits.The ocean nurtures humanity.Humanity treats it with con- tempt. Such self-destructive behavior demands explanation.Unarguably,the ocean being subject to a series of laws and agreements,enforcement is hard.Apart from this,two reasons stand out. One is geography.The bulk of the ocean is beyond the horizon and below the waterline.The damage being done to its health is visible in a few liminal places.But for the most part,the sea is out of sight and out of mind.It is telling that there is only a single fleeting reference to the ocean in the Paris agreement on climate change. Second,the ocean is a victim of other bigger processes.The emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere is changing the marine environment along with the rest of the planet.The ocean has warmed by 0.7 C since the 19th century,damaging corals and encouraging organisms -31 to migrate towards the poles for cooler waters.Greater concentrations of carbon dioxide in the water are making it more acidic,harming creatures such as crabs and oysters,whose calcium carbonate shells suffer as marine chemistry alters. 5.What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A.The vastness of the ocean. B.The significance of the ocean. C.The ecosystem of the ocean. D.The climate of the ocean. 6.How does the author convey his message in Paragraph 3? A.By listing current problems. B.By providing research data. C.By citing expert opinions. D.By comparing different ecosystems. 7.Why does the author mention "the Paris agreement on climate change"in Paragraph 4? A.To show people often disobey it. B.To tell us people seldom refer to it. C.To remind us the ocean is vital to man. D.To prove ocean protection is overlooked. 8.What will the author probably write next? A.How to tap into the ocean. B.How to research into the ocean. C.How to rise to the challenges of the ocean. D.How to raise people's environmental awareness. Ⅳ.阅读七选五 Signs of Healthy Friendships Once in a while it's helpful to see if your friendship is as healthy as it can be.You might get used to a friendship over time to the point where you don't see the room for improvement.And since great friendships are priceless,you should always surround yourself with the kind of peo- ple who will lift your spirits,make you laugh,and remind()you that you are loved.1 Here are characteristics()that strong friendships share. 2 Friends make you feel comfortable with yourself,so you don't need to act like someone you're not.Your friends know your shortcomings and love you anyway.You are perhaps the "best version"of yourself when you're with your friends. A healthy friendship includes plenty of gentle honesty.True friends won't pretend just to avoid an argument().3 As a result,you'll know where you stand with your friends and won't be afraid to share your true opinions. 烯 They argue in a healthy way. One of the biggest misunderstandings about good friends is that they never fight.But let's face it everyone fights.4 In fact,voicing your opinions freely will cause you to disagree from time to time and that's okay. Healthy friendships mean you can be friends with someone else,too. 5 That's why great friends will improve your relationship yet still encourage you to meet people and try new things without them.A healthy friendship means that sometimes the two of you spend time apart,and that's okay. A.Arguing isn't unhealthy. B.Is your friendship as healthy as it can be? C.Good friends dine out together from time to time. D.Good friends are real and honest with each other. E.With an unhealthy friendship,you know clearly that something is "off". F.Even if you have the best friend,it doesn't hurt to expand your social circle. G.In a positive friendship,your friends won't lie to you,and they won't hurt your feelings ei ther. 32—