期中考复习之阅读理解（说明文&议论文）（福建专用）-2025-2026学年仁爱科普版八年级下册英语 期中考 必考题型仿真模拟

考前特训 期中考 阅读理解 仿真模拟 考前特训（福建专用） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 特 训 范 围 Unit 7 Be a Better Learner! Unit 8 Every Coin Counts! Unit 9 Forces of Nature Passage 1 Ways to Be a Better Learner There are many useful ways to become a better learner. Good learning habits and smart methods can help us study more efficiently and enjoy the process. Here are four key skills for successful learning. Active Listening Active listening is the first step to better learning. In class, you should focus on the teacher, take clear notes, and ask questions when you don’t understand. This helps you catch key information and avoid missing important points. Tip: Review your notes within 24 hours to remember better. Time Management Planning your study time wisely can improve your efficiency. Make a daily or weekly study plan, and divide big tasks into small ones. For example, you can spend 30 minutes on English vocabulary and 20 minutes on math exercises every day. Tip: Use the Pomodoro Technique (25 minutes study +5 minutes rest) to stay focused. Self-testing Testing yourself is a great way to check your progress. You can make flashcards, do short quizzes, or explain concepts to a friend. This helps you find weak points and remember knowledge more firmly. Tip: Test yourself right after learning a new topic to find gaps quickly. Growth Mindset A growth mindset means believing you can improve through hard work. Instead of saying “I can’t do this,” try “I can’t do this yet.” Mistakes are just chances to learn, not failures. This attitude keeps you motivated and resilient. Tip: Celebrate small progress to stay positive. 1. What is the first step to better learning according to the text? A．Time management. B．Active listening. C．Self-testing. D．Growth mindset. 2. How can we make our study more efficient? A．Study for 2 hours without rest B．Divide big tasks into small ones C．Skip notes and only listen in class D．Avoid asking questions 3. What does the Pomodoro Technique suggest? A．Study for 25 minutes and then rest for 5 minutes. B．Study all day without any rest. C．Divide big tasks into small ones. D．Make a weekly study plan. 4. Which of the following is NOT a way of self-testing? A．Making flashcards B．Doing short quizzes C．Explaining concepts to a friend D．Copying others’ homework 5. What is a growth mindset? A．Believing you are born smart and don’t need to work hard. B．Thinking mistakes are failures and giving up easily. C．Believing you can improve through hard work. D．Only focusing on getting high scores. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了成为更好学习者的多种实用方法，介绍了良好学习习惯和聪明方法如何帮助我们更高效学习并享受学习过程，还列举了成功学习的四个关键技能。 1. Active Listening指出“Active listening is the first step to better learning.”，这直接说明主动倾听是更好学习的第一步。 2. Time Management说明“Planning your study time wisely can improve your efficiency. Make a daily or weekly study plan, and divide big tasks into small ones.”，可以通过把大任务分成小任务让学习更高效。 3. Time Management说明“Use the Pomodoro Technique (25 minutes study +5 minutes rest) to stay focused.”，说明番茄工作法是学习25分钟然后休息5分钟。 4. Self-testing说明“Testing yourself is a great way to check your progress. You can make flashcards, do short quizzes, or explain concepts to a friend.”，说明自我测试可以通过制作抽认卡、做小测验或向朋友解释概念等方式，所以抄袭他人作业不是自我测试的方式。 5. Growth Mindset说明“A growth mindset means believing you can improve through hard work.”，说明成长型思维是指相信通过努力可以进步。 Passage 2 Duolingo It’s a popular language-learning app. It makes learning easy and fun, like playing games. You can get points when you do well. It can help you learn words and sentences step by step. DeepL It is mainly for writing corrections. When you finish an English composition (作文), it can quickly mark grammar mistakes and give clear suggestions. It’s good for improving your English writing skills. Kimi It’s a smart helper. It can answer questions, quickly read texts and understand them. It is also able to solve math, physics and chemistry problems and show the reasoning process (过程) after you take a photo of a problem. NaturalReader This tool can turn texts, PDFs and other files (文档) into sound and read them aloud. You can choose different voices and reading speeds. This means you can practice listening any time to improve your skills. 1. How does Duolingo help people to study? A．It helps them get a right answer. B．It helps them understand texts better. C．It helps them learn at any time. D．It helps them learn words and sentences. 2. What may happen if you use DeepL for learning English? A．I may improve my oral English. B．I may improve my listening skills. C．I may make progress in English writing. D．I may understand English texts better. 3. Which problem can Kimi solve for the study according to the passage? A．Quickly write and analyze (分析) texts. B．Finish an English composition. C．Solve math, physics and chemistry problems. D．Write down the problems and mark grammar mistakes in English. 4. What can NaturalReader do for users? A．It can play games with users. B．It can read texts aloud for users. C．It can mark grammar mistakes. D．It can teach people to cook food. 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Duolingo makes learning easy and fun. B．DeepL can solve physics problems. C．Kimi can only help with English learning. D．NaturalReader can help people get points. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A 【导语】本文主要介绍了四款学习工具——Duolingo、DeepL、Kimi和NaturalReader——各自的功能和特点，帮助用户在不同的学习任务中获得支持。 1. Duolingo部分提到“It can help you learn words and sentences step by step.”，说明Duolingo帮助用户学习单词和句子。 2. DeepL部分提到“It’s good for improving your English writing skills.”，说明使用DeepL可以在英语写作方面取得进步。 3. Kimi部分提到“ It is also able to solve math, physics and chemistry problems and show the reasoning process”，说明Kimi可以解决数理化问题。 4. NaturalReader部分提到“This tool can turn texts, PDFs and other files into sound and read them aloud.”，说明NaturalReader可以为用户朗读文本。 5. Duolingo部分提到“It makes learning easy and fun”，说明Duolingo让学习变得既简单又有趣。 Passage 3 Earthquakes may happen without warning (预警), so it’s important to prepare some supplies for your home, workplace, and car. Here are some things you should think about. Water A person needs at least 1/2 gallon (加仑) of water every day just for drinking, so you should prepare at least l gallon of water per person every day. You’d better buy bottled water. Keep bottled water and do not open it until you need to use it. Food It’s always a practical (切合实际的) idea to keep some food on hand. Have enough supply of canned (罐装的) food, milk, fruits, nuts and juice for at least 72 hours. Flashlights and batteries (手电筒和电池) Keep a flashlight beside your bed, at your place of work and in your car. Do not use matches or candles after an earthquake until you are sure that no gas leaks (煤气泄漏). Don’t forget to prepare batteries because your flashlight may run out of batteries. Clothes If you live in a cold place, you must think about clothes. You might need heat after an earthquake. 1. The underlined word “supplies” means “ ” in Chinese. A．被褥 B．日常用品 C．食物 D．设备 2. About water, which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．A person needs at least 1/2 gallon of water every day for drinking. B．We should prepare at least 1 gallon of water per person every day. C．We should buy bottled water. D．We should open the bottled water when we get home. 3. How many kinds of food are mentioned in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 4. We should after an earthquake until we are sure that no gas leaks. A．use matches or candles B．not use matches or candles C．drink water D．eat food 5. Jenny put a coat in her car. She did it because of mentioned in the passage. A．the first thing B．the second thing C．the third thing D．the fourth thing 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震来临前需要提前准备的各类应急物资，梳理了需要准备的物品种类。 1. 第一段原句“Earthquake may happen without warning, so it’s important to prepare some supplies for your home, workplace, and car. Here are some things you should think about.”，后文分别列举了水、食物、照明用品、衣物四种不同类型的生活物品，因此supplies的中文意思是日常用品。 2. 关于水的内容在文中Water部分，原句为“Keep bottled water and do not open it until you need to use it.”，文中说明瓶装水直到需要使用时才能打开，因此“我们到家后就应该打开瓶装水”的表述错误。 3. 关于食物的内容在文中Food部分，原句为“Have enough supply of canned food, milk, fruits, nuts and juice for at least 72 hours.”，句中一共提到了五种食物。 4. 该内容在文中Flashlights and batteries部分，原句为“Do not use matches or candles after an earthquake until you are sure that no gas leaks.”，可知地震后，在确定没有煤气泄漏之前，我们不应该使用火柴或蜡烛。 5. 外套属于衣物类，衣物是文中提到的第四种需要准备的物资，对应文中Clothes部分，原句为“If you live in a cold place, you must think about clothes. You might need heat after an earthquake.”，因此珍妮的做法对应文中提到的第四种物资。 Passage 4 Host: As we know, many children will get some lucky money during the Spring Festival. Should parents keep their children’s lucky money? Or should the children keep their own lucky money? Different children hold different opinions. Group A: Lucky money should be kept by parents. Here are the reasons. First, children have less experience with money than their parents. They may spend it carelessly. Second, it’s difficult for young children to manage their money wisely. If they have too much lucky money, they may get into trouble, such as spending it on online games or falling into the habit of wasting money. Also, some bad people online may try to cheat them. Therefore, if parents help to manage the money, it can be put to better use. Group B: Children should keep their lucky money. I think children aged 9 or above should have the chance to manage their own lucky money. With their parents’ help, they can learn money management (管理) and become more independent (独立). What’s more, money management is an important life skill. Children need to learn how to save and spend money wisely. It’s a good way for them to form sound financial (金融的) habits. 1. What’s the discussion mainly about? A．Where to keep lucky money. B．Who to keep lucky money. C．How to use lucky money. D．When to spend lucky money. 2. Why should parents keep their children’s lucky money according to Group A? ① Children may spend money carelessly. ② It’s a good way for children to save money. ③ Children often lose money. ④ Children may run into trouble over money. A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 3. What may happen if children keep their own lucky money according to Group A? A．They may learn to manage money. B．They may become independent. C．They may learn to spend less. D．They may waste money. 4. What can we learn from Group B? A．Parents should trust their children to manage money. B．Some parents don’t have good money management skills. C．Parents should let children over 8 keep their lucky money themselves. D．Parents should help children make a budget (预算) for their lucky money. 5. Which of the following books may help children according to Group B? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要围绕春节期间孩子收到的压岁钱该由谁保管展开讨论。A组认为应由父母保管，阐述了相关原因；B组则认为孩子应该自己保管压岁钱，并说明了这样做的益处。 1. 文章开篇提出不同孩子对压岁钱该由谁保管持有不同意见，接着A组和B组分别阐述各自观点，所以讨论主要围绕“Who to keep lucky money”展开。 2. A组提到“children have less experience with money than their parents. They may spend it carelessly”以及“it’s difficult for young children to manage their money wisely. If they have too much lucky money, they may get into trouble”，所以①孩子可能随意花钱和④孩子可能因钱陷入麻烦符合A组认为父母应保管压岁钱的原因。 3. A组指出“If they have too much lucky money, they may get into trouble, such as spending it on online games or falling into the habit of wasting money”，所以如果孩子自己保管压岁钱，他们可能会浪费钱。 4. B组提到“I think children aged 9 or above should have the chance to manage their own lucky money. With their parents’ help, they can learn money management (管理) and become more independent (独立)”，这表明父母应该相信孩子有能力管理钱。 5. B组强调孩子应该有机会管理自己的压岁钱以学习理财等，所以一本关于理财方面的书会对孩子有帮助，A选项符合。 Passage 5 A tsunami is one of the most powerful and dangerous natural disasters. It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes. When the ocean floor suddenly moves during a quake, it pushes a large amount of water upward, creating waves that travel across the ocean at very high speeds, as fast as a jet plane. Unlike normal waves, a tsunami wave is very long and low in the deep ocean, so ships might not even notice it passing underneath. However, as it approaches the coast and enters shallower water, the wave slows down but grows much taller, sometimes as high as a tall building. The word “tsunami” comes from Japanese, meaning “harbor wave”. Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong or long-lasting earthquake near the coast, the ocean pulling back far from the shore very quickly (like a very low tide), or a loud roar from the ocean. If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately. Do not wait for an official warning. Remember, the first wave may not be the largest, and tsunamis can last for hours. 1. What is the main cause of a tsunami? A．Strong winds over the ocean. B．Underwater earthquakes. C．Heavy rainfall on the sea. D．The high tide. 2. What happens to a tsunami wave as it gets close to the coast? A．It travels faster. B．It becomes longer and lower. C．It grows much taller. D．It disappears. 3. What does the underlined word “shallower” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Deeper. B．Not deep. C．Warmer. D．Colder. 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a warning sign of a tsunami? A．A strong earthquake near the coast. B．The ocean water pulling back quickly. C．A loud sound coming from the ocean. D．Dark clouds gathering in the sky. 5. What should you do if you see a possible tsunami warning sign? A．Go to the beach to watch. B．Wait for an official warning on TV. C．Move to higher ground at once. D．Get on a ship in the harbor. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. C 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了海啸的成因、传播特征、靠近海岸时的变化以及预警信号，旨在普及相关知识并指导紧急应对。 1. 第一段第二句“It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes.”点明，海啸主要是由海底地震引起的。 2. 第二段第三句“However, as it approaches the coast and enters shallower water, the wave slows down but grows much taller...”说明，海啸波靠近海岸时会变得更高。 3. 根据语境，与“deep ocean”相对，靠近海岸的水域是“浅水区”，因此“shallower”意为“更浅的”，即“not deep”。 4. 第三段第一句“Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong or long-lasting earthquake..., the ocean pulling back... or a loud roar from the ocean.”说明，海岸附近发生强烈地震、海水迅速退去、海面传来巨大的声响三项均被提及为海啸的前兆。 5. 第三段第二、三句“If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately. Do not wait for an official warning.”直接点明，应立即转移到地势较高的地方。 Passage 6 Typhoons are very common in the southern and eastern parts of China, especially in summer and autumn. A typhoon has strong wind and heavy rain. It can cause great damage to people’s lives and property. When a typhoon alarm is given, we need to make preparations at once. First, we should buy enough cooked food and clean water. Second, we need to check our houses carefully. We should repair the broken doors and windows, and fix them with glue and tape to prevent wind and rain from getting in. We also need to make sure that gas and electricity are safe. Third, we should move all the outdoor things such as flowers and clothes indoors. We should also put flashlights and candles within our reach, because the electricity may be cut off during a typhoon. When the typhoon comes, we should stay indoors and don’t go out. We should stay away from windows and glass doors, because they may break and hurt us. If we are outdoors, we need to find a safe place to hide at once and stay away from trees, billboards and tall buildings. After the typhoon passes, we need to be careful of the broken glass and fallen trees on the road. We should also clean our houses and the community in time. 1. Typhoons are common in China’s ________ in summer and autumn. A．northern and western parts B．southern and eastern parts C．northern and eastern parts D．southern and western parts 2. What should we do to fix the windows before a typhoon comes? A．Open them wide. B．Break them at once. C．Fix them with glue and tape. D．Move them to other places. 3. Why should we put flashlights within our reach? A．Because we need to use them to read books. B．Because the electricity may be cut off. C．Because they can make our house brighter. D．Because they can keep the wind away. 4. What should we do when the typhoon comes? A．Go out to buy food and water. B．Stay indoors and away from windows. C．Climb up a tall tree to hide. D．Stand near the glass door. 5. What is the passage mainly about? A．The harm of typhoons. B．When typhoons happen in China. C．How to prepare for and keep safe from typhoons. D．The difference between typhoons and hurricanes. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. C 【导语】本文介绍了台风在中国的多发区域与危害，详细说明了台风预警发布前的准备工作、台风来临时的避险方法，以及台风过后的注意事项。 1. 根据文章第一段第一句 “Typhoons are very common in the southern and eastern parts of China, especially in summer and autumn.”，可知台风多发生于南部和东部地区。 2. 根据文章第二段 “We should repair the broken doors and windows, and fix them with glue and tape to prevent wind and rain from getting in.”，可知在台风来临之前应使用胶水和胶带固定窗户。 3. 根据文章第二段最后一句 “We should also put flashlights and candles within our reach, because the electricity may be cut off during a typhoon.”，可知将手电筒放在触手可及的地方原因是台风期间可能停电。 4. 根据文章第三段 “When the typhoon comes, we should stay indoors and don’t go out. We should stay away from windows and glass doors, because they may break and hurt us.”，可知当台风来临时，应待在室内、远离窗户。 5. 通读全文，文章介绍了台风的多发区域及危害，重点说明了台风预警前的准备、台风来临时的避险、台风过后的注意事项，核心是讲解如何应对台风以保证自身安全。 Passage 7 What should you do if there’s an earthquake at school? How can you protect yourself when you are caught in a stampede (踩踏)? March 25 every year provides you with a good chance to learn about safety. This day is called the National Day of Education on the Safety of Elementary and Middle School Students (NDESEMSS) (全国中小学生安全教育日). It aims to provide students with more safety knowledge. A survey showed that school accidents kill more elementary and middle school students than anything else. The accidents usually come from stampedes, earthquakes, fires and sports injuries. What can we do to keep ourselves safe? I think staying calm is the most important when facing accidents. But different accidents have different self-protection advice. A stampede is possible anywhere. When students around you begin to push, stand still and try to hold onto something, or stay in a corner until the crowd leaves. If you fall down in a moving crowd, cover your head with both hands. Move to one side, and bend (弯曲) your body and legs. Earthquakes are common natural disasters (灾难). When you feel the ground shake, drop down, take cover under a desk and hold on. You should stay indoors until the shaking stops. If you are outdoors, don’t stay near buildings, trees or power lines. In case of fire, follow the teachers’ instructions, leave the classroom quickly. Cover your mouth and nose with a piece of wet cloth and crawl (匍匐) low under the smoke to breathe fresh air. Safety is everything. Let’s take it seriously and grow up healthily and safely. 1. When is NDESEMSS? A．On March 5th. B．On March 15th. C．On March 25th. D．On May 25th. 2. The main school accidents come from ________ according to the survey. ①Traffic accidents.    ②Earthquakes.    ③Fires.    ④Sports injuries. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3. What should you do first if you fall down in a moving crowd? A．Cover your head. B．Run to a corner. C．Stand up quickly. D．Push others away. 4. Which of the following is an opinion? A．You should stay indoors until the shaking stops. B．Different accidents have different self-protection advice. C．Staying calm is the most important when facing accidents. D．NDESEMSS aims to provide students with more safety knowledge. 5. What’s the best title for this passage? A．How to Be brave B．How to Protect Yourself C．How to Learn Well D．How to Run away from Accidents 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了三种学校常见的事故，以及面对这些事故时，我们应该怎么做。 1. 根据第一段“March 25 every year provides you with a good chance to learn about safety.”和“This day is called the National Day of Education on the Safety of Elementary and Middle School Students (NDESEMSS) (全国中小学生安全教育日).”可知，全国中小学生安全教育日在每年3月25日。 2. 根据第三段“The accidents usually come from stampedes, earthquakes, fires and sports injuries.”可知，事故通常来自踩踏、地震、火灾和运动伤害，不包含交通事故。 3. 根据第五段“If you fall down in a moving crowd, cover your head with both hands.”可知，如果你在移动的人群中摔倒，你应该先捂住你的头。 4. 事实是客观已存在的信息，观点是作者的主观判断。选项C“Staying calm is the most important when facing accidents.”是作者提出的主观看法。 5. 全文围绕突发事故中如何自我保护展开，分别介绍了踩踏、地震、火灾等场景的自保方法，核心主题是“如何保护自己”。 Passage 8 Money management is an important skill for everyone. It’s necessary for us to learn some ways to save money. Making a budget is the first step to save money. Write down your total expenses (支出) every month and make a plan for how much you want to save. This helps you keep a good balance between spending and saving. It is also useful for planning better for the next month. Cut back on unnecessary costs. If you get money, put it into your piggy bank as soon as possible. This way, you won’t spend it right away. Also, limit online shopping, because it’s easy to buy things you don’t really need. For me, I prefer to use cash. Because when I use real money, I’ll think twice before buying something. Make money on your own. For example, you can collect and sell bottles, used books or wastepaper. You could also ask your parents if there are any extra chores you can do to earn some pocket money. Saving money teaches us to be more responsible for ourselves and helps us prepare for the future. 1. What is the first step to save money according to the text? A．To use cash. B．To avoid buying unnecessary things. C．To make a budget. D．To make money on one’s own. 2. What does the underlined phrase (词组) “Cut back” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．put on B．spend less C．pay off D．take up 3. Which method of payment does the writer prefer? A．In cash. B．By credit card. C．By phone. D．By e-wallet. 4. What’s the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 5. Which would be the best title for the text? A．How to Spend Money? B．How to Save Money? C．How to Make a Budget? D．How to Make Money? 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种实用的省钱方法，包括制定预算、减少不必要开支、自己赚钱等，强调了理财和储蓄的重要性。    1. 第二段首句“Making a budget is the first step to save money.”直接说明省钱的第一步是制定预算。 2. 根据“Cut back on unnecessary costs.”和“won’t spend it right away”，以及“limit online shopping”可知，该词组意为“减少，削减”，与“spend less”同义。 3. 第三段中“For me, I prefer to use cash.”直接说明作者偏好现金支付。 4. 第1段总起，点明学习省钱的必要性；第2-4 段分别介绍三种省钱方法；第5段总结省钱的意义，结构为“总-分-总”，即选项 B的结构（1总起，2、3、4 分述，5总结）。 5. 全文围绕“省钱的方法”展开，核心主题是如何省钱，对应选项B“How to Save Money?”。 Passage 9 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Money is an important part of our daily life. It helps us buy what we need and do business easily. But money was not always the same as it is today. Let’s learn about the history of money and how it changes. In ancient times, people had no money. They traded goods directly. For example, a baker could give bread to a farmer and get vegetables in return. This kind of trading was called “barter”. However, it was not convenient. Sometimes, people couldn’t agree on what to trade, so they needed a better way. Later, people in ancient China invented shell money. Shells were small, easy to carry and keep, so they became a form of money. It was the first ancient money in China. With shell money, people could trade more easily. They didn’t need to carry heavy goods anymore. As time went by, people started to use other things as money, such as gold and silver. These metals were valuable and could be made into small pieces. But carrying gold and silver was not safe. So banks appeared, and people began to use banks to keep their money safe. Today, we have many convenient ways to pay. We can pay in cash, pay by credit card, or make payments online. It’s fast and easy, but we must be careful with our personal information. We should think twice before paying online to keep our money safe. Saving money is also a good habit. Many people make a budget to save money for the future. It teaches us to be patient and prepare for unexpected things. Remember, money is useful, but we should use it wisely and keep a good balance between spending and saving. 1. Why did people invent shell money? A．Because shells were expensive. B．Because shells were hard to carry. C．Because direct trading was not convenient. D．Because people liked collecting shells. 2. What can we learn from the passage? A．We can pay in many ways today. B．Shell money is still used today. C．Direct trading is convenient. D．We don’t need to save money. 3. What does the underlined word “barter” mean in Chinese? A．存钱 B．预算 C．物物交换 D．付款 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to pay online safely. B．The history and development of money. C．How to make a budget. D．The importance of banks. 5. What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To tell people to spend all their money. B．To introduce the history and proper use of money. C．To encourage people to use only cash for payment. D．To explain why banks are not important. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 【导语】本文介绍了货币的发展历史，从物物交换到贝壳货币、金银货币再到现代支付方式，并提醒人们合理使用和储蓄金钱 1. 第二段指出“However, it was not convenient… so they needed a better way.”第三段接着介绍人们发明贝壳货币，说明发明贝壳货币是因为物物交换不方便。 2. 第五段提到“Today, we have many convenient ways to pay. We can pay in cash, pay by credit card, or make payments online.”说明如今有多种支付方式。 3. 第二段提到“They traded goods directly… This kind of trading was called ‘barter’.”说明barter指的是直接交换物品，即“物物交换”。 4. 文章按时间顺序介绍货币从古代到现代的发展变化，并说明合理使用金钱，因此主题是货币的发展历史。 5. 文章既介绍了货币发展历史，又在最后提醒“we should use it wisely”，说明作者写作目的是介绍货币历史并倡导合理使用金钱。 Passage 10 When people pay for goods or services, they use money. You can find examples of money in museums around the world. But do you know how money has developed over time? Before people used money, they traded goods directly. For example, someone might trade a cow for five sheep. In this case, the cow was used as a form of “money”. People in ancient China invented shell money. Even today we can see the symbol of “shell” in many Chinese characters about money or trade. During the Spring and Autumn Period, each state made its own money. Later, Emperor Qin Shi Huang united China and created one type of money for the whole country. It was a round coin with a square hole in the center. With such a hole, people could put the money together with a rope and carry them around easily. Centuries later, when there was less metal for making money, the government of the Song Dynasty started to produce paper money—“jiaozi”. This great invention later also appeared in other parts of the world. Now, as information technology develops, people begin to use digital money. If a foreign tourist visits China, he will find people pay for almost everything through their mobile phones. What will money look like in the future? Will there still be paper money? We may not have answers to those questions. But money will surely continue to exist in some form. 根据材料内容选择正确答案。 1. According to the passage, what was the first kind of money invented by people in ancient China? A．Cows. B．Shells. C．Round coins. D．Jiaozi. 2. What was special about the coin made during the Qin Dynasty? A．It had a square hole in the center. B．It was made of gold. C．It was the largest coin in history. D．It could only be used by the emperor. 3. Why did the Song Dynasty government start to produce paper money? A．Because paper was cheaper than metal. B．Because people preferred paper to coins. C．Because there was not enough metal for coins. D．Because they wanted to try a new invention. 4. What is the main purpose of the author? A．To persuade readers into saving money. B．To inform readers about the history of money. C．To encourage readers to use digital money. D．To entertain readers with a historical story. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A．People will stop using money in the future. B．Digital money is the best form of money. C．China invented all kinds of money. D．Money has changed a lot over time. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了货币的发展历程，从以物易物到中国的贝壳币、秦代方孔圆币、宋代交子，再到如今的数字货币。 1. 第二段明确提到：“People in ancient China invented shell money.”，这直接说明中国古人发明的第一种货币是贝壳币。 2. 第二段指出秦代的货币特征：“It was a round coin with a square hole in the center.”，这直接说明其特殊之处是中间有一个方孔。 3. 第二段说明宋代发行纸币的原因：“when there was less metal for making money, the government of the Song Dynasty started to produce paper money”，这直接说明原因是制作钱币的金属不足。 4. 文章按时间顺序介绍了货币从以物易物到数字货币的发展过程，目的是向读者介绍货币的发展历史。 5. 文章开篇提出“how money has developed over time”，随后介绍了货币的多种发展形式，核心主旨是货币随着时间发生了很大的变化。 Passage 11 Long ago in China, there lived a very wise man named Confucius. He was born more than 2,500 years ago. People remember him not as a king or a general, but as a great teacher and thinker. His ideas have influenced China and many other parts of the world for a very long time. Confucius believed that learning and being a good person were the most important things in life. He said everyone should try to be better. One of his most famous ideas is “Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself.” This means we should be kind and fair to other people, just as we want them to be kind and fair to us. He had many students. He did not just teach them facts from books. He taught them how to live a good life, how to be honest, and how to respect their parents and teachers. He said that a good leader should be a good person first, and then people would follow him willingly. His way of teaching was special. He asked questions and let his students think and find the answers themselves. This method encouraged deep thinking. Confucius’s students later wrote down his teachings in a book called The Analects (Lunyu). This book is like a collection of his words and conversations with his students. For many centuries, it was the most important book for students in China. His thoughts about family, society, and government helped to shape Chinese culture and values. Today, people all over the world still study his ideas. They are not just old words; they are about how to live wisely and peacefully with others. Confucius’s legacy is not in buildings or money, but in these valuable ideas that continue to teach us. 1. What was Confucius mainly known as? A．A great teacher and thinker. B．A famous general. C．A great king. D．A rich businessman. 2. What is one of Confucius’s most famous ideas mentioned in the passage? A．Life is short, so enjoy it. B．Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself. C．Knowledge comes only from books. D．The strong should rule the weak. 3. How did Confucius teach his students according to the passage? A．He only made them read one book. B．He asked questions and let them think to find answers. C．He gave very long lectures and students just listened. D．He only taught them how to get high scores in tests. 4. The underlined word “legacy” in the last paragraph most probably means ________. A．the money a person leaves when they die B．the buildings a person built C．something important that a person from the past has given to people today D．the family of a person 5. What is the main idea of this passage? A．Confucius was a poor man who lived a hard life. B．Confucius’s book The Analects is very difficult to read. C．Confucius’s ideas are only popular in China now. D．Confucius was an important teacher whose ideas about life and learning are still important today. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. D 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国古代伟大的思想家和教育家孔子的生平及其教育理念。文章从孔子的身份地位、核心思想、教学方法以及其对后世深远的文化影响力等方面展开了详细叙述。 1. 第一段指出：“People remember him not as a king or a general, but as a great teacher and thinker.”，这直接说明孔子主要是作为伟大的教师和思想家被世人所熟知的。 2. 第二段明确提到：“One of his most famous ideas is ‘Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself.’”，即“己所不欲，勿施于人”。 3. 第三段描述了孔子的教学方式：“He asked questions and let his students think and find the answers themselves.”，这说明他通过提问来引导学生自主思考并寻找答案。 4. 根据最后一段的语境：“Confucius’s legacy is not in buildings or money, but in these valuable ideas that continue to teach us.”。作者将“legacy”与具体的建筑和金钱进行对比，并指出它存在于那些“继续教导我们的宝贵思想”之中，由此可以推断legacy指的是前人留给后世的重要精神财富。 5. 文章从孔子的身份出发，详细阐述了其核心思想内容、教育方法及其著作的影响，最后强调其思想在今天依然具有重要价值，D项“孔子是一位重要的教育家，他关于生活与学习的理念至今仍具有重要意义。”高度概括了全文的中心思想。 Passage 12 English is a global language, but it is not exactly the same everywhere. Two of the most common types are British English and American English. While people from the UK and the USA can understand each other, there are some interesting differences in words, spelling, and even pronunciation. Vocabulary Sometimes, British and American people use different words for the same thing. For example, in British English, they go on “holiday”, but in American English, they go on “vacation”. In Britain, you watch a “film”, but in America, you watch a “movie”. If you are in London and want to buy some “biscuits”, you would ask for “cookies” in New York. A British child might play “football”, while an American child plays “soccer”. Spelling There are also some small differences in spelling. British English often keeps the older French-style spellings. For instance, British people write “colour”, “favourite”, and “centre”. Americans usually write “color”, “favorite”, and “center”. Another common one: the British spell it “travelling”, while the Americans spell it “traveling”. Pronunciation The pronunciation can sound a little different, too. The most famous example is the word “tomato”. A British person might say “/tə'mɑːtəʊ/”, with a long “ah” sound, while an American might say “/tə'mertəʊ/”, with an “ay” sound. The “r” sound at the end of words is also stronger in American English. For example, in the word “car”, an American will pronounce the “r” sound more clearly. These differences are mostly small. The grammar is almost the same, and the basic rules of the language are unchanged. The differences are like different accents or favorite foods in two parts of the same big family. Knowing about them can make learning English more fun and help you understand people from different places better. 1. What is the main topic of this passage? A．The history of the English language. B．The differences between British and American English. C．How to learn both British English and American English well. D．Popular English movies and music. 2. According to the passage, if you are in London, what do you call the sweet, crisp (脆的) food you eat for dessert? A．Biscuit. B．Cookie. C．Cake. D．Candy. 3. Which of the following is the American English spelling? A．Colour. B．Centre. C．Favourite. D．Color. 4. Which of the following diagrams best shows the structure of the passage? (① stands for Paragraph 1, ② for Paragraph 2, and so on.) A．① → ② → ③ → ④ → ⑤ B．①②③ → ④⑤ C．①②③④ → ⑤ D．① → ②③④ → ⑤ 5. Why does the author mention the word “tomato” ? A．To show that British and American food is different. B．To give an example of a spelling difference. C．To give an example of a pronunciation difference. D．To tell a story about buying vegetables. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英式英语和美式英语在词汇、拼写、发音三个方面的差异，说明这些差异是同一种语言的不同变体，了解它们有助于更好地学习英语和跨文化交流。 1. 文章第一段点明核心：英式英语和美式英语在词汇、拼写、发音上存在有趣的差异，后文分三个维度详细说明差异，最后总结这些差异的本质。因此主题是 “英式英语和美式英语的差异”。 2. 根据第二段“if you are in London and want to buy some ‘biscuits’, you would ask for ‘cookies’ in New York.” 可知，伦敦（英国）称这种脆的甜点为biscuit，纽约（美国）称其为cookie。 3. 根据第三段“British people write ‘colour’, ‘favourite’, and ‘centre’. Americans usually write ‘color’, ‘favorite’, and ‘center’.” 可知，color是美式拼写，colour、centre、favourite是英式拼写。 4. 第 1 段：总起，点明英式英语和美式英语存在差异，引出下文。第 2 段：分述词汇差异。第 3 段：分述拼写差异。第 4 段：分述发音差异。第 5 段：总结，说明差异的本质和学习意义。结构为“总→分→总” 60．根据第四段“The most famous example is the word ‘tomato’. A British person might say /tə'mɑːtəʊ/, with a long ‘ah’sound, while an American might say /tə'meɪtəʊ/, with an ‘ay’ sound.” 可知，作者用tomato举例说明英式和美式的发音差异。 21 / 21乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 期中考 阅读理解 仿真模拟 考前特训（福建专用） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 特 训 范 围 Unit 7 Be a Better Learner! Unit 8 Every Coin Counts! Unit 9 Forces of Nature Passage 1 Ways to Be a Better Learner There are many useful ways to become a better learner. Good learning habits and smart methods can help us study more efficiently and enjoy the process. Here are four key skills for successful learning. Active Listening Active listening is the first step to better learning. In class, you should focus on the teacher, take clear notes, and ask questions when you don’t understand. This helps you catch key information and avoid missing important points. Tip: Review your notes within 24 hours to remember better. Time Management Planning your study time wisely can improve your efficiency. Make a daily or weekly study plan, and divide big tasks into small ones. For example, you can spend 30 minutes on English vocabulary and 20 minutes on math exercises every day. Tip: Use the Pomodoro Technique (25 minutes study +5 minutes rest) to stay focused. Self-testing Testing yourself is a great way to check your progress. You can make flashcards, do short quizzes, or explain concepts to a friend. This helps you find weak points and remember knowledge more firmly. Tip: Test yourself right after learning a new topic to find gaps quickly. Growth Mindset A growth mindset means believing you can improve through hard work. Instead of saying “I can’t do this,” try “I can’t do this yet.” Mistakes are just chances to learn, not failures. This attitude keeps you motivated and resilient. Tip: Celebrate small progress to stay positive. 1. What is the first step to better learning according to the text? A．Time management. B．Active listening. C．Self-testing. D．Growth mindset. 2. How can we make our study more efficient? A．Study for 2 hours without rest B．Divide big tasks into small ones C．Skip notes and only listen in class D．Avoid asking questions 3. What does the Pomodoro Technique suggest? A．Study for 25 minutes and then rest for 5 minutes. B．Study all day without any rest. C．Divide big tasks into small ones. D．Make a weekly study plan. 4. Which of the following is NOT a way of self-testing? A．Making flashcards B．Doing short quizzes C．Explaining concepts to a friend D．Copying others’ homework 5. What is a growth mindset? A．Believing you are born smart and don’t need to work hard. B．Thinking mistakes are failures and giving up easily. C．Believing you can improve through hard work. D．Only focusing on getting high scores. Passage 2 Duolingo It’s a popular language-learning app. It makes learning easy and fun, like playing games. You can get points when you do well. It can help you learn words and sentences step by step. DeepL It is mainly for writing corrections. When you finish an English composition (作文), it can quickly mark grammar mistakes and give clear suggestions. It’s good for improving your English writing skills. Kimi It’s a smart helper. It can answer questions, quickly read texts and understand them. It is also able to solve math, physics and chemistry problems and show the reasoning process (过程) after you take a photo of a problem. NaturalReader This tool can turn texts, PDFs and other files (文档) into sound and read them aloud. You can choose different voices and reading speeds. This means you can practice listening any time to improve your skills. 1. How does Duolingo help people to study? A．It helps them get a right answer. B．It helps them understand texts better. C．It helps them learn at any time. D．It helps them learn words and sentences. 2. What may happen if you use DeepL for learning English? A．I may improve my oral English. B．I may improve my listening skills. C．I may make progress in English writing. D．I may understand English texts better. 3. Which problem can Kimi solve for the study according to the passage? A．Quickly write and analyze (分析) texts. B．Finish an English composition. C．Solve math, physics and chemistry problems. D．Write down the problems and mark grammar mistakes in English. 4. What can NaturalReader do for users? A．It can play games with users. B．It can read texts aloud for users. C．It can mark grammar mistakes. D．It can teach people to cook food. 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Duolingo makes learning easy and fun. B．DeepL can solve physics problems. C．Kimi can only help with English learning. D．NaturalReader can help people get points. Passage 3 Earthquakes may happen without warning (预警), so it’s important to prepare some supplies for your home, workplace, and car. Here are some things you should think about. Water A person needs at least 1/2 gallon (加仑) of water every day just for drinking, so you should prepare at least l gallon of water per person every day. You’d better buy bottled water. Keep bottled water and do not open it until you need to use it. Food It’s always a practical (切合实际的) idea to keep some food on hand. Have enough supply of canned (罐装的) food, milk, fruits, nuts and juice for at least 72 hours. Flashlights and batteries (手电筒和电池) Keep a flashlight beside your bed, at your place of work and in your car. Do not use matches or candles after an earthquake until you are sure that no gas leaks (煤气泄漏). Don’t forget to prepare batteries because your flashlight may run out of batteries. Clothes If you live in a cold place, you must think about clothes. You might need heat after an earthquake. 1. The underlined word “supplies” means “ ” in Chinese. A．被褥 B．日常用品 C．食物 D．设备 2. About water, which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．A person needs at least 1/2 gallon of water every day for drinking. B．We should prepare at least 1 gallon of water per person every day. C．We should buy bottled water. D．We should open the bottled water when we get home. 3. How many kinds of food are mentioned in the passage? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 4. We should after an earthquake until we are sure that no gas leaks. A．use matches or candles B．not use matches or candles C．drink water D．eat food 5. Jenny put a coat in her car. She did it because of mentioned in the passage. A．the first thing B．the second thing C．the third thing D．the fourth thing Passage 4 Host: As we know, many children will get some lucky money during the Spring Festival. Should parents keep their children’s lucky money? Or should the children keep their own lucky money? Different children hold different opinions. Group A: Lucky money should be kept by parents. Here are the reasons. First, children have less experience with money than their parents. They may spend it carelessly. Second, it’s difficult for young children to manage their money wisely. If they have too much lucky money, they may get into trouble, such as spending it on online games or falling into the habit of wasting money. Also, some bad people online may try to cheat them. Therefore, if parents help to manage the money, it can be put to better use. Group B: Children should keep their lucky money. I think children aged 9 or above should have the chance to manage their own lucky money. With their parents’ help, they can learn money management (管理) and become more independent (独立). What’s more, money management is an important life skill. Children need to learn how to save and spend money wisely. It’s a good way for them to form sound financial (金融的) habits. 1. What’s the discussion mainly about? A．Where to keep lucky money. B．Who to keep lucky money. C．How to use lucky money. D．When to spend lucky money. 2. Why should parents keep their children’s lucky money according to Group A? ① Children may spend money carelessly. ② It’s a good way for children to save money. ③ Children often lose money. ④ Children may run into trouble over money. A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 3. What may happen if children keep their own lucky money according to Group A? A．They may learn to manage money. B．They may become independent. C．They may learn to spend less. D．They may waste money. 4. What can we learn from Group B? A．Parents should trust their children to manage money. B．Some parents don’t have good money management skills. C．Parents should let children over 8 keep their lucky money themselves. D．Parents should help children make a budget (预算) for their lucky money. 5. Which of the following books may help children according to Group B? A． B． C． D． Passage 5 A tsunami is one of the most powerful and dangerous natural disasters. It is a series of huge ocean waves caused mainly by underwater earthquakes. When the ocean floor suddenly moves during a quake, it pushes a large amount of water upward, creating waves that travel across the ocean at very high speeds, as fast as a jet plane. Unlike normal waves, a tsunami wave is very long and low in the deep ocean, so ships might not even notice it passing underneath. However, as it approaches the coast and enters shallower water, the wave slows down but grows much taller, sometimes as high as a tall building. The word “tsunami” comes from Japanese, meaning “harbor wave”. Warning signs of a tsunami can include a strong or long-lasting earthquake near the coast, the ocean pulling back far from the shore very quickly (like a very low tide), or a loud roar from the ocean. If you see any of these signs, you must move to higher ground immediately. Do not wait for an official warning. Remember, the first wave may not be the largest, and tsunamis can last for hours. 1. What is the main cause of a tsunami? A．Strong winds over the ocean. B．Underwater earthquakes. C．Heavy rainfall on the sea. D．The high tide. 2. What happens to a tsunami wave as it gets close to the coast? A．It travels faster. B．It becomes longer and lower. C．It grows much taller. D．It disappears. 3. What does the underlined word “shallower” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Deeper. B．Not deep. C．Warmer. D．Colder. 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a warning sign of a tsunami? A．A strong earthquake near the coast. B．The ocean water pulling back quickly. C．A loud sound coming from the ocean. D．Dark clouds gathering in the sky. 5. What should you do if you see a possible tsunami warning sign? A．Go to the beach to watch. B．Wait for an official warning on TV. C．Move to higher ground at once. D．Get on a ship in the harbor. Passage 6 Typhoons are very common in the southern and eastern parts of China, especially in summer and autumn. A typhoon has strong wind and heavy rain. It can cause great damage to people’s lives and property. When a typhoon alarm is given, we need to make preparations at once. First, we should buy enough cooked food and clean water. Second, we need to check our houses carefully. We should repair the broken doors and windows, and fix them with glue and tape to prevent wind and rain from getting in. We also need to make sure that gas and electricity are safe. Third, we should move all the outdoor things such as flowers and clothes indoors. We should also put flashlights and candles within our reach, because the electricity may be cut off during a typhoon. When the typhoon comes, we should stay indoors and don’t go out. We should stay away from windows and glass doors, because they may break and hurt us. If we are outdoors, we need to find a safe place to hide at once and stay away from trees, billboards and tall buildings. After the typhoon passes, we need to be careful of the broken glass and fallen trees on the road. We should also clean our houses and the community in time. 1. Typhoons are common in China’s ________ in summer and autumn. A．northern and western parts B．southern and eastern parts C．northern and eastern parts D．southern and western parts 2. What should we do to fix the windows before a typhoon comes? A．Open them wide. B．Break them at once. C．Fix them with glue and tape. D．Move them to other places. 3. Why should we put flashlights within our reach? A．Because we need to use them to read books. B．Because the electricity may be cut off. C．Because they can make our house brighter. D．Because they can keep the wind away. 4. What should we do when the typhoon comes? A．Go out to buy food and water. B．Stay indoors and away from windows. C．Climb up a tall tree to hide. D．Stand near the glass door. 5. What is the passage mainly about? A．The harm of typhoons. B．When typhoons happen in China. C．How to prepare for and keep safe from typhoons. D．The difference between typhoons and hurricanes. Passage 7 What should you do if there’s an earthquake at school? How can you protect yourself when you are caught in a stampede (踩踏)? March 25 every year provides you with a good chance to learn about safety. This day is called the National Day of Education on the Safety of Elementary and Middle School Students (NDESEMSS) (全国中小学生安全教育日). It aims to provide students with more safety knowledge. A survey showed that school accidents kill more elementary and middle school students than anything else. The accidents usually come from stampedes, earthquakes, fires and sports injuries. What can we do to keep ourselves safe? I think staying calm is the most important when facing accidents. But different accidents have different self-protection advice. A stampede is possible anywhere. When students around you begin to push, stand still and try to hold onto something, or stay in a corner until the crowd leaves. If you fall down in a moving crowd, cover your head with both hands. Move to one side, and bend (弯曲) your body and legs. Earthquakes are common natural disasters (灾难). When you feel the ground shake, drop down, take cover under a desk and hold on. You should stay indoors until the shaking stops. If you are outdoors, don’t stay near buildings, trees or power lines. In case of fire, follow the teachers’ instructions, leave the classroom quickly. Cover your mouth and nose with a piece of wet cloth and crawl (匍匐) low under the smoke to breathe fresh air. Safety is everything. Let’s take it seriously and grow up healthily and safely. 1. When is NDESEMSS? A．On March 5th. B．On March 15th. C．On March 25th. D．On May 25th. 2. The main school accidents come from ________ according to the survey. ①Traffic accidents.    ②Earthquakes.    ③Fires.    ④Sports injuries. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3. What should you do first if you fall down in a moving crowd? A．Cover your head. B．Run to a corner. C．Stand up quickly. D．Push others away. 4. Which of the following is an opinion? A．You should stay indoors until the shaking stops. B．Different accidents have different self-protection advice. C．Staying calm is the most important when facing accidents. D．NDESEMSS aims to provide students with more safety knowledge. 5. What’s the best title for this passage? A．How to Be brave B．How to Protect Yourself C．How to Learn Well D．How to Run away from Accidents Passage 8 Money management is an important skill for everyone. It’s necessary for us to learn some ways to save money. Making a budget is the first step to save money. Write down your total expenses (支出) every month and make a plan for how much you want to save. This helps you keep a good balance between spending and saving. It is also useful for planning better for the next month. Cut back on unnecessary costs. If you get money, put it into your piggy bank as soon as possible. This way, you won’t spend it right away. Also, limit online shopping, because it’s easy to buy things you don’t really need. For me, I prefer to use cash. Because when I use real money, I’ll think twice before buying something. Make money on your own. For example, you can collect and sell bottles, used books or wastepaper. You could also ask your parents if there are any extra chores you can do to earn some pocket money. Saving money teaches us to be more responsible for ourselves and helps us prepare for the future. 1. What is the first step to save money according to the text? A．To use cash. B．To avoid buying unnecessary things. C．To make a budget. D．To make money on one’s own. 2. What does the underlined phrase (词组) “Cut back” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．put on B．spend less C．pay off D．take up 3. Which method of payment does the writer prefer? A．In cash. B．By credit card. C．By phone. D．By e-wallet. 4. What’s the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 5. Which would be the best title for the text? A．How to Spend Money? B．How to Save Money? C．How to Make a Budget? D．How to Make Money? Passage 9 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Money is an important part of our daily life. It helps us buy what we need and do business easily. But money was not always the same as it is today. Let’s learn about the history of money and how it changes. In ancient times, people had no money. They traded goods directly. For example, a baker could give bread to a farmer and get vegetables in return. This kind of trading was called “barter”. However, it was not convenient. Sometimes, people couldn’t agree on what to trade, so they needed a better way. Later, people in ancient China invented shell money. Shells were small, easy to carry and keep, so they became a form of money. It was the first ancient money in China. With shell money, people could trade more easily. They didn’t need to carry heavy goods anymore. As time went by, people started to use other things as money, such as gold and silver. These metals were valuable and could be made into small pieces. But carrying gold and silver was not safe. So banks appeared, and people began to use banks to keep their money safe. Today, we have many convenient ways to pay. We can pay in cash, pay by credit card, or make payments online. It’s fast and easy, but we must be careful with our personal information. We should think twice before paying online to keep our money safe. Saving money is also a good habit. Many people make a budget to save money for the future. It teaches us to be patient and prepare for unexpected things. Remember, money is useful, but we should use it wisely and keep a good balance between spending and saving. 1. Why did people invent shell money? A．Because shells were expensive. B．Because shells were hard to carry. C．Because direct trading was not convenient. D．Because people liked collecting shells. 2. What can we learn from the passage? A．We can pay in many ways today. B．Shell money is still used today. C．Direct trading is convenient. D．We don’t need to save money. 3. What does the underlined word “barter” mean in Chinese? A．存钱 B．预算 C．物物交换 D．付款 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to pay online safely. B．The history and development of money. C．How to make a budget. D．The importance of banks. 5. What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To tell people to spend all their money. B．To introduce the history and proper use of money. C．To encourage people to use only cash for payment. D．To explain why banks are not important. Passage 10 When people pay for goods or services, they use money. You can find examples of money in museums around the world. But do you know how money has developed over time? Before people used money, they traded goods directly. For example, someone might trade a cow for five sheep. In this case, the cow was used as a form of “money”. People in ancient China invented shell money. Even today we can see the symbol of “shell” in many Chinese characters about money or trade. During the Spring and Autumn Period, each state made its own money. Later, Emperor Qin Shi Huang united China and created one type of money for the whole country. It was a round coin with a square hole in the center. With such a hole, people could put the money together with a rope and carry them around easily. Centuries later, when there was less metal for making money, the government of the Song Dynasty started to produce paper money—“jiaozi”. This great invention later also appeared in other parts of the world. Now, as information technology develops, people begin to use digital money. If a foreign tourist visits China, he will find people pay for almost everything through their mobile phones. What will money look like in the future? Will there still be paper money? We may not have answers to those questions. But money will surely continue to exist in some form. 根据材料内容选择正确答案。 1. According to the passage, what was the first kind of money invented by people in ancient China? A．Cows. B．Shells. C．Round coins. D．Jiaozi. 2. What was special about the coin made during the Qin Dynasty? A．It had a square hole in the center. B．It was made of gold. C．It was the largest coin in history. D．It could only be used by the emperor. 3. Why did the Song Dynasty government start to produce paper money? A．Because paper was cheaper than metal. B．Because people preferred paper to coins. C．Because there was not enough metal for coins. D．Because they wanted to try a new invention. 4. What is the main purpose of the author? A．To persuade readers into saving money. B．To inform readers about the history of money. C．To encourage readers to use digital money. D．To entertain readers with a historical story. 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A．People will stop using money in the future. B．Digital money is the best form of money. C．China invented all kinds of money. D．Money has changed a lot over time. Passage 11 Long ago in China, there lived a very wise man named Confucius. He was born more than 2,500 years ago. People remember him not as a king or a general, but as a great teacher and thinker. His ideas have influenced China and many other parts of the world for a very long time. Confucius believed that learning and being a good person were the most important things in life. He said everyone should try to be better. One of his most famous ideas is “Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself.” This means we should be kind and fair to other people, just as we want them to be kind and fair to us. He had many students. He did not just teach them facts from books. He taught them how to live a good life, how to be honest, and how to respect their parents and teachers. He said that a good leader should be a good person first, and then people would follow him willingly. His way of teaching was special. He asked questions and let his students think and find the answers themselves. This method encouraged deep thinking. Confucius’s students later wrote down his teachings in a book called The Analects (Lunyu). This book is like a collection of his words and conversations with his students. For many centuries, it was the most important book for students in China. His thoughts about family, society, and government helped to shape Chinese culture and values. Today, people all over the world still study his ideas. They are not just old words; they are about how to live wisely and peacefully with others. Confucius’s legacy is not in buildings or money, but in these valuable ideas that continue to teach us. 1. What was Confucius mainly known as? A．A great teacher and thinker. B．A famous general. C．A great king. D．A rich businessman. 2. What is one of Confucius’s most famous ideas mentioned in the passage? A．Life is short, so enjoy it. B．Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself. C．Knowledge comes only from books. D．The strong should rule the weak. 3. How did Confucius teach his students according to the passage? A．He only made them read one book. B．He asked questions and let them think to find answers. C．He gave very long lectures and students just listened. D．He only taught them how to get high scores in tests. 4. The underlined word “legacy” in the last paragraph most probably means ________. A．the money a person leaves when they die B．the buildings a person built C．something important that a person from the past has given to people today D．the family of a person 5. What is the main idea of this passage? A．Confucius was a poor man who lived a hard life. B．Confucius’s book The Analects is very difficult to read. C．Confucius’s ideas are only popular in China now. D．Confucius was an important teacher whose ideas about life and learning are still important today. Passage 12 English is a global language, but it is not exactly the same everywhere. Two of the most common types are British English and American English. While people from the UK and the USA can understand each other, there are some interesting differences in words, spelling, and even pronunciation. Vocabulary Sometimes, British and American people use different words for the same thing. For example, in British English, they go on “holiday”, but in American English, they go on “vacation”. In Britain, you watch a “film”, but in America, you watch a “movie”. If you are in London and want to buy some “biscuits”, you would ask for “cookies” in New York. A British child might play “football”, while an American child plays “soccer”. Spelling There are also some small differences in spelling. British English often keeps the older French-style spellings. For instance, British people write “colour”, “favourite”, and “centre”. Americans usually write “color”, “favorite”, and “center”. Another common one: the British spell it “travelling”, while the Americans spell it “traveling”. Pronunciation The pronunciation can sound a little different, too. The most famous example is the word “tomato”. A British person might say “/tə'mɑːtəʊ/”, with a long “ah” sound, while an American might say “/tə'mertəʊ/”, with an “ay” sound. The “r” sound at the end of words is also stronger in American English. For example, in the word “car”, an American will pronounce the “r” sound more clearly. These differences are mostly small. The grammar is almost the same, and the basic rules of the language are unchanged. The differences are like different accents or favorite foods in two parts of the same big family. Knowing about them can make learning English more fun and help you understand people from different places better. 1. What is the main topic of this passage? A．The history of the English language. B．The differences between British and American English. C．How to learn both British English and American English well. D．Popular English movies and music. 2. According to the passage, if you are in London, what do you call the sweet, crisp (脆的) food you eat for dessert? A．Biscuit. B．Cookie. C．Cake. D．Candy. 3. Which of the following is the American English spelling? A．Colour. B．Centre. C．Favourite. D．Color. 4. Which of the following diagrams best shows the structure of the passage? (① stands for Paragraph 1, ② for Paragraph 2, and so on.) A．① → ② → ③ → ④ → ⑤ B．①②③ → ④⑤ C．①②③④ → ⑤ D．① → ②③④ → ⑤ 5. Why does the author mention the word “tomato” ? A．To show that British and American food is different. B．To give an example of a spelling difference. C．To give an example of a pronunciation difference. D．To tell a story about buying vegetables. 14 / 14乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $