Unit 5 Poems Learning About Language 复习定语从句课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

Unit5 Poems Learning about Language 复习定语从句 人教版2019选修三 Learning objectives: After this period, students will be able to: • 1. grasp the restrictive relative clauses and non-restrictive relative clauses; • 2. tell the difference between that and which used as relative pronouns; • 3. put sentences in order and compose a passage using relative pronouns and relative adverbs; • 4. apply the attributive clauses to writing. Contents: 1.定语从句的定义； 2.关系代词； 3.关系副词； 4.限定性与非限定性定语从句； 5.特殊情况与易错点. 定语从句的定义 定语从句：在句子中修饰名词、代词或整个句子的句子，相当于具备形容词的功能，所以定语从句也叫形容词性从句。 1.被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词（多为名词或代词）； 2.从句由关系词（包括关系代词和关系副词）引导： 关系代词：who, whom,whose,which, that, as; 关系副词：when, where, why,that 位置：一般紧跟在先行词的后面. 关 系 代 词 that 指人和物 在从句中作主语、宾语和表语 which 指物 在从句中作主语和宾语 who 指 人 在从句中作主语或宾语 whom 在从句中作宾语 whose 指人和物 在从句中作定语 as 指人、物和事 在从句中作主语和宾语 关 系 副 词 when 指时间 在从句中作时间状语 where 指地点 在从句中作地点位状语 why 指原因 在从句中作原因状语 定语从句的关系词 关系词的选择 看定语从句中是否缺少主干成分（主、宾、表） 缺 关系代词 who whom which that whose as 不 缺 关系副词 when where why 关系代词引导的定语从句 观察思考： 1.But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty. 2.The great artist whom you want to see will visit our school next week. 3.On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth which/that gives off light in the dark. 4.Recently I got in touch with my old friend whose mum had taken care of me. 5.Look out! Don’t get too close to the house whose roof is under repair. 6.She is not the same girl as she used to be ten years ago. 探究总结 关系代词 指代对象 语法作用 备注 who 指人 主语，宾语 whom 指人 ____ that 指人，指物 主语，宾语，表语 只用于限制性定语从句中 which _____ 主语，宾语 在非限制性定语从句中可以指代整个主句 _________ 指人，指物 定语 as 指人或物，有时指整个主句 主语，宾语，表语 在限制性定语从句中常用于句型“the same/such+名词+as...”中 宾语 指物 whose 注：当先行词被the same 修饰，若从句表示同一个东西，定语从句由that引导，若表示同样的而非同一个东西，从句由as引导。 趁热打铁 1.My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. 2.The dogs were well trained by their masters __________had great experience with caring for these animals. 3.She and her family bicycle to work, ______ helps them keep fit. 4.This is the same bag ________ I lost yesterday. 5.The man ________________you talked about just now is a friend of my father’s. 6.The old town has narrow streets and small houses ___________ are built close to each other. 7.I bought a dictionary yesterday, _______ cover was torn by my little brother. whose who/ that which who/whom/that which/that as/that whose 关系副词引导的定语从句 观察思考： One afternoon when I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Their child is the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences. Is this the reason why she refused our offer? 探究总结 关系副词 先行词 语法作用 when 表示时间的名词 时间状语 _______ 表示地点的名词，有时可以是有地点名词含义的抽象名词，如stage, race, position,case, stiuation 地点状语 why 只有________ 原因状语 where reason 趁热打铁 1.Last week I visited the town ________Shakespeare was born. 2.The year _______the Tangshan earthquake happened was 1976. 3.There is no reason _____he was late for school. 4.Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills. 注：在定语从句中： 1.where=in/on/at which This is the village where(=in which) he grew up. 2.when=in/on which The year when(=in which) he was born was 1987. 3.why=for which The reason why(for which) his was late for class was that it rained. where when why where “介词+关系代词which/whom”引导的定语从句 观察思考 They also had a small pond, in which they raised fish. The man to whom you spoke is my English teacher. Here are the question, some of which are difficult for you. The old couple has two daughters, the younger of whom has gone abroad. 探究总结： 1.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，如果先行词指物，该结构中的关系代词使用which; 如果指人，那么关系代词使用whom。介词的选择需要遵循两个原则： （1）依据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配习惯而定。 （2）依据与先行词的搭配的具体意义而定。 （3）依据语境而定。 2.“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句常见结构为：both/neither/all/some/a few/many/the+ 形容词的比较级/最高级+of which/ whom 趁热打铁 句型转换 1.The farm where I once worked impressedm me deeply. The farm ___________ I once worked impressed me deeply. 2.Gun control is a subject. Americans have argued about it for a long time. Gun control is a subject _____________ Americans have argued for a long time. 3.I want to thank Tom. I couldn’t finish the task without him. I want to thank Tom, _______________ I couldn’t finish the task. 4.The new hotel, whose walls are painted green, is a peaceful place for me. The new hotel, ___________________ are painted green, is a peaceful place for me. on which about which without whom the walls of which 限制性定语从句中只用that 不用which的情况 观察思考 I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault. The little problems that we meet in our daily life may be inspirations for great inventions. The first book that I bought is about how to study English well. Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? Which is the bike that you lost. China isn’t the country that it used to be. This is the very book that I am looking for. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 探究总结 在限制性定语从句中只用 that不用which的情况： 1.当先行词是_________如all, little,few, much, something, anything, nothing, everything, some, none等时； 2.当先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only/very/right, 等修饰时； 3.当先行词被_______或形容词最高级修饰时； 4.当先行词既有人又有物时； 5.当主句是以_______ 、who、what开头的特殊疑问句时； 6.当关系代词在从句中作表语时。 不定代词 序数词 which 趁热打铁 完成下列句子 1.有什么可以为你做的吗? Is there anything _______________for you? 2.这正是我想要的那本书。 This is the very book _____________. 3.这是我看过的最感人的电影。 This is the most moving film ______________________. 4.你刚才提到的那位作家和他的小说很有名。 The writer and his novel _______________________just now is very famous. 5.哪台机器是我们上周日用过的？ Which is the machine ________________ last Sunday? 6.他不再是过去的那个男孩了？ He isn’t the boy ______________. that I can do that I want that I have ever seen that you mentioned that we used that he was 只用which不用 that的情况 观察思考 He failed to come to class on time, which was unexpected. A dictionary is a book to which you can turn when you meet a new word. He lent me a novel that was new and which attracted me the moment I began to read. What’s that which you are holding? 归纳总结 1.引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which,不能用that; 2.当关系代词前有介词时，只能用which,不能用that,但是，如果______不在关系代词之前，或者在从句末时，限制性定语从句既可以由that也可以由which引导； 3.当______是先行词时，引导定语从句的只能是which 不能是that 介词 that 趁热打铁 1.他又来晚了，这让老板很生气。 He came late again, ______ made his boss very angry. 2.我们正听着的歌很流行。 The song _________ we are listening is popular. 3.你手里拿着的那个东西是什么？ What’s that _______ you are holding? 4.这是我10年前住过的房子。 This is the house ___________I lived in ten years ago. 5.他说他没有钱，这是真的。 He said that he had no money and _______ was true. 6.你刚才说话的那个人是我的弟弟。 The person _________you spoke is my brother. which to which which which/that it/that to whom as&which引导定语从句的区别 观察思考 It is so interesting a novel as he has read three times. =It is such an interesting novel as he has read three times. The novel which he has read three times is very interesting. As we all know, the earth is round. He failed the game,which made his parents angry. He won the game, as we expected. He, as we expected, won the game. As is reported, he has been admitted to Beijing University. As is often the case, he is late again. Their team won the game, which was unexpected. This is the same suitcase as I bought yesterday. 探究总结 1.在限制性定语从句中，___引导的定语从句时，先行词必须受到so, such或the same的修饰，而which引导定语从句时，先行词不受so, such或the same的修饰； 2. 位置不同：引导非限制性定语从句时，as 引导的定语从句可放在句首、句中、句末，_______引导的定语从句只能放在主句后面； 3.固定搭配不同 as 常和一些表示“正如，正像”的词连用： as we all know/as is known to all, as often happens, as is often the case as we expected/planned, as is reported/ as is announced, 其中的as不能用which替换; 4.含义不同： as 意为“正如，正像”（顺理成章、符合预期），______意为“这一点，这件事”（客观陈述结果，可表消极，出乎意料、转折、否定等）； 5.动词限制不同：as后面常接know,expect,see,report,say,announce等，which后面可接任何动词，尤其是表结果、情绪的：make, cause, surprise, annoy... as which which 趁热打铁 用which,as填空 1.The boy worked out the problem in just a few minutes,_______ surpries us all. 2.___ often happens, the kind man stopped to give the stranger a lift. 3.He missed the bus, ______ was why he was late. 4.____ we all know, honesy is important. 5.She is very kind, ______makes her popular. 6.The weather was fine, _______ made us happy. 7.He is a foreigner, _______ I can tell from his accent. 8.It was such a fine day ___ we expected. 9.It is so nice a village ___ he is happy to live in. 10.The test, ____ is expected, is very difficult. which As which As which which which as as as 定语从句的其它情况 观察思考 He is one of the students who have never been late for class. He is the only one of the students who has never been late for class. The news that our team has won the match is exciting. The news that our teacher told us is exciting. The way that/in which you treat the dog is worth praising. The way that/which you showed me just now is worth trying. He is so lovely a student as we all like. He is so lovely a student that we all like him. It is such an expensive vase as we can’t afford to buy. It is such an expensive vase that we can’t afford to buy it. Anyone who comes first will have a gift. He who can’t reach the Great Wall isn’t a true man. 归纳总结 1.当先行词是____________________时，定语从句的谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；当先行词是the(only)one of +名词复数时，定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式。 2.that引导定语从句时，在定语从句中要______句子成分；that引导同位从句时，在定语从句中不充当句子成分。 3. way作先行词，关系词在定语从句中作状语时可用that,in which,也可以不填，在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，可用that,也可用which。 4.在so/such...that句型中，that 引导状语从句，________句子成分，在so/ such...as句型中，as引导定语从句并在从句中充当句子成分。 5.当先行词被those/anyone/someone/one(指人)时，关系代词只能用______. 6.当先行词是he,they,I,we等人称代词时，关系代词只能用______. one of the+名词复数 充当 不充当 who who 巩固练习 填入适当的关系词 1.This is the school ________I studied ten years ago. 2.The girl ____________________ you met at the party is my cousin. 3.He is the only person __________knows the truth. 4.I live in a room ________ windows face south. 5.October 1st is the day ______we celebrete the National Day. 6.The reason ______he was late is unclear. 7.____ is known to all, China is a great country. 8.The book _______________ you lent me is very interesting. 9.The man___________________I spoke to just know is a doctor. 10.This is the only one of his novels _____ has been translated into Chinese. where who/whom/that/不填 who/that whose when why As that/which/不填 who/whom/that/不填 that 完成下列句子 1.这是我昨天买的书。 This is the book____________________________________. 2.我认识那个爸爸是老师的女孩。 I know the girl __________________________. 3.我们去年住过的房子很大。 The house _________________________ is very big. 4.你知道他迟到的原因吗？ Do you know the reason ___________________________? 5.这是一本那么吸引人的小说。 This is such a novel ___________________. 6.像平常那样，他一言不发。 _____________________, he kept silent. 7.正如所报道的，他的父亲是个教授。 _______________, his father is a professor. that/which/不填I bought yesterday where we lived last year whose father is a teacher why/for which he was late as is so appealing As often happened As is reported THANKS! $