专题01 非谓语动词 课件 -2026届高三英语三轮复习专项

非谓语动词 non-finite verb 谓语动词or非谓语动词 非谓语动词的形式 非谓语可做何成分 真题回顾 写作应用 真实情境例题对比分析 to do / doing / done 主语，宾语，表语，定语， 目的状语，宾语补足语，独立成分 近5年考情分析&真题回顾 写作例句翻译&语篇应用 2 谓语动词是句子中说明主语“做什么 / 是什么 / 怎么样的核心动词，谓语动词必须和主语在人称、时态上保持一致。谓语动词展现了英文句子的时态、语态和主谓一致。 非谓语动词是指不能充当句子谓语的三种动词形式（to do, done, ing），它们用来做主语、宾语、宾补，定语和状语。它们不是句子的核心动词，只是来‘打辅助’的。 谓语动词or非谓语动词 3 1.(1). A boy on a bike ______ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.   (2).A boy who ___________ ( ride) beside the bus and waving his arms on a bike __________   (catch ) my attention.   (3).A boy _____ ( ride) beside the bus and waving his arms on a bike _______ (catch ) my attention. 2 On June 30,1894, the fascinating bridge _______ (design) by Horace Jones and Wolfe Barry was constructed. On June 30,1894, the fascinating bridge that ______________ (design) by Horace Jones and Wolfe Barry was constructed. caught was riding caught riding caught designed was designed 3 There are countless articles that __ (tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. There are countless articles _______ (tell) us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. 4. He suddenly appeared in class one day, and ___ (wear) sun glasses. He suddenly appeared in class one day, ______ (wear) sun glasses. tell telling wore wearing 5. (1) Children, when they ________________ (accompany)  by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. (2).Children, when _____________ (accompany)  by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. (3). Only when children ____________ (accompany)  by their parents can they be allowed to enter the stadium. 6. Generative AI tools are of great benefit if they _______ (use) properly. Generative AI tools are of great benefit if ____ (use) properly. are accompanied accompanied are accompanied are used used 7.(1).If you_______( work) hard,  you’ll be admitted into a better university.   (2)._________( work) hard, and you’ll be admitted into a better university.  (3). _________ ( work) hard, you’ll be admitted into a better university. 8.(1) With so many people _____________ (communicate) in English every day, it will be increasingly important to have a good knowledge of English. (2). As so many people _______________ (communicate) in English every day, it will be increasingly important to have a good knowledge of English. work Work Working communicating communicate 9. (1)__________ (absorb) in his writing, the writer lost track of time. (2) _________ (absorb) himself in his writing, the writer lost track of time. 10.(1)When they __________(face) with the sudden change, they didn't know what to do. (2)When ___ (face)with the sudden change, they didn't know what to do. (3) ______(face)with the sudden change, they didn't know what to do. (4) ______ (face) the sudden change, they didn't know what to do. Absorbed Absorbing were faced faced Faced Facing 11. (see) the ancient murals for the first time, we were shocked by their fascinating craftsmanship. (see) from the perspective of history, the ancient murals are valuable cultural relics. (see) the valuable ancient murals, we waited in line for a long time. 12 _____(surround) the ancient city, the green trees make it a peaceful resort. (surround) by green trees, the ancient city looks more charming. When he woke up, he found himself ___ (lie) in hospital and ________________(surround) by a group of strangers. Seeing Seen To see Surrounding Surrounded lying surrounded 13. ____ (compare) Chinese ancient architecture with British castles, we can find many cultural differences. ____ (compare) with British castles, Chinese ancient architecture has its unique artistic style. _____ (compare) Chinese and British styles of ancient architecture, he read dozens of related books and visited mang historic sites. He found it interesting (compare) Eastern and Western art. Comparing Compared to compare To compare to do 目的 未发生 具体、一次性 -ing 主动、进行、习惯性、普遍性 -ed 被动、完成、状态 简单粗暴小口诀👇 主动 / 进行用ing   被动 / 完成用ed     目的 / 打算用to do  非谓语动词的形式 11 非谓语形式 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 进行式 完成式 一般式 完成式 不定式 to do to be doing to have done to be done to have been done -ing 形式 动名词 doing — having done being done having been done 现在分词 -ed 形式 过去分词 — done 非谓语可做何成分 主语 To be a doctor is my dream. 宾语 I like to read English. 表语 My job is to feed the animals. 定语 We have a lot of work to do. 目的状语 I came here to visit my friend. 宾语补足语 She invited me to go swimming. 独立成分 To be honest, I'm disappointed. 13 非谓语形式作主语 1.不定式与动名词作主语的区别 To drop out of school now is not a good idea.(具体的、一次性的动作) Listening to English radio programmes helps me get used to how fast native speakers talk.(抽象的、习惯性的动作) 2.it作形式主语 　　有时为避免头重脚轻,常用it作形式主语,置于句首,而把真正的主语置于句末。 It is essential to practice frequently when learning English. 学英语时,经常练习是至关重要的。 It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。 1、it做形式主语，to do做真正主语： ①It is +adj. of you to do sth. ②It is +adj./n. for you to do sth. It takes (sb.) some time …to do… 花某人...时间做... 2.it做形式主语，doing做真正主语： ①做某事是无用的。It’s no use/useless doing sth. ②做某事是没有好处的。It’s no good doing sth. ③做某事是值得的。It’s worthwhile doing sth. ④做某事是浪费时间的。It is a waste of time doing sth. It’s no use/no good/great fun doing sth. 没用/不好/有趣... It’s a waste of time/money doing sth. 浪费时间/金钱... There is no point doing sth. 没有意义... 1. _________ (grow) up can be a real “pain” for some of us. 2. It is a widely practiced custom for people _________ (enjoy) a bowl of noodles on their birthday as a symbol of longevity (长寿). 3. It takes a seasoned conservationist like Wang a whole year __________(restore) just three to four paintings. 4. Well, ________ (lose) a job, or not being able to find one, almost always causes sadness. Growing to enjoy to restore losing 非谓语形式作宾语 1.作动词(短语)的宾语 只接do do的动词：ask, demand, plan, intend, mean(计划), manage, do/try one’s best, make an attempt, learn, wish, hope, desire, expect, long, want, would like, should like, would prefer(希望；愿意), agree, promise(同意), decide, determine, choose, make a decision, make up one’s mind, offer(主动提出), apply, help, fail(不能；没有), prepare, pretend, refuse, happen(碰巧), afford(负担得起) 只接doing的动词：allow, permit, consider, suggest, advise, keep(on)(反复; 不停), finish, imagine, practise, understand, appreciate, enjoy(喜欢), miss(错过; 怀念), prevent, forbid, escape(避免), include, forgive, pardon, excuse(原谅), dislike(厌恶), discuss, report(报道), admit, mind(介意), risk, can’t stand, burst out, feel like, insist on, delay, put off(推迟), give up, be busy, be worth Attention： need/want/require doing 主动表被动 Our classroom needs_________ (clean). The young tree wants______________ (water). cleaning watering to是介词的固定词组： be used to doing sth 习惯做某事 be accustomed to doing sth 习惯做某事 be devoted to doing sth 致力于做某事 devote oneself to doing sth 致力于做某事 look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事 object to doing sth 反对做某事 be addicted to doing sth 沉迷于做某事; 专心致志于做某事 be equal to等于；能胜任 belong to属于 refer to 提到；指；查阅 get down to开始认真做某事 lead to 导致 介词but/ except(除…外)后用不定式/省略to的不定式！ He did nothing but watch TV. I had no choice except/but to watch TV. Attention! watch watch 1.We just remember the important information which makes it easy for us _________ (make) wise decisions. 2.Although these robots cannot go up and down, they know how _________ (press) a button of an elevator. 3.On that day, the emperor (皇帝) would lead his officials to the suburbs and perform the ceremony of __________ (welcome) the winter. 4.She has created beautiful 3D jelly cakes by _______ (use) seaweed jelly and natural colouring. 5.World Industrial Design Day, a day meant for them, is for teaching people about the history of industrial design and potentially ________ (get) people interested in the profession. to make to press welcoming using getting 非谓语形式作表语 1.不定式作表语 　　不定式作表语通常表示对主语的进一步说明。其主语通常为aim、choice、 decision、dream、goal、idea、intention、plan、purpose、wish等。 My aim is to do well in every subject this term. What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others. 2.动名词作表语 　　动名词作表语,多表示抽象或习惯性的动作,一般说明主语的内容或性质,没有正在 进行之意。表语和主语常可互换位置。 My hobbies are listening to music and playing football. 3.分词作表语 　　现在分词和过去分词作表语时,一般说明主语的性质、特征等,通常可直接看作形 容词。现在分词作表语,多意为“令人……的”,常修饰物;过去分词作表语,多意为 “感到……的”,常修饰人。 This communication process can be challenging . He was alarmed at what he had just heard. 主语+remain  She remained standing though we repeatedly asked her to sit down. The true author of the book remains unknown . Although the area has certainly improved, much remains to be accomplished. 易混易错 1.The study’s aim was __________ (explore) if relationships are related to health problems. 2.Science, to many school-aged children, seems __________ (bore) and difficult. 3. The children’s TV show is so popular because it is one of the few that families can enjoy together without adults feeling _______ (bore). 4.I was trying to stay _________ (focus) on a magazine article that truly interested me, but try as hard as I could, their energy kept distracting (使分心) me. to explore boring bored focused 1.不定式与分词作定语的区别 形式 用法 示例 不定式 表示动作即将发生 I have many assignments to do. 现在 分词 分词动作与所修饰词构成主动关系,常表示动作正在发生 There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more convenient. 过去 分词 分词动作与所修饰词构成被动关系,常表示动作已经完成 The witnesses questioned by the police just now gave different descriptions of the accident. 非谓语形式作定语 知识拓展     to be done、being done、done作定语 a meeting to be held tomorrow 一场明天将要举行的会议(表被动,表将来) a meeting being held at present 一场此刻正在进行的会议(表被动,表正在进行) a meeting held yesterday 一场昨天举行的会议(表被动,表完成) 形式 用法 示例 现在 分词 仅表示动作正在进行,不表示主动 falling leaves正在下落的叶子 fallen leaves落叶 developing countries发展中国家 developed countries发达国家 boiling water正在沸腾的水 boiled water烧开过的水 过去 分词 仅表示动作已经完成,不表示被动 11.不及物动词的分词形式作定语 12.不定式作定语的特殊用法 ①被序数词、最高级或no、all、any、only、last、next等修饰的名词,常用不定式 作定语。 When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve.当你计划日常锻炼时,首先要考虑的是你期望提高什么。 ②当修饰的名词是ability、ambition、attempt、chance、commitment、courage、 desire、decision、effort、failure、moment、promise、right、time、way、 wish等表示企图、努力、愿望、打算、能力等意义的名词或复合不定代词something、nothing、anything等时,常用不定式作定语。 The goal of education is to achieve the ability to apply one's knowledge in new ways.教育的目标是获得以新的方式应用知识的能力。 1.There are plenty of places in the city center _________ (catch) the golden Gingko (银杏) leaves… 2.Mr Ma said recently in an interview, “There are a lot of things for me __________ (learn) from Bill Gates.” 3.Through the old man’s struggle, he shows the ability of human spirit __________ (bear) hardship and suffering in order to obtain greater success and victory. 4.But using writing as a communication tool is an effective way ____________ (strengthen) writing skills at an early age. 5.Compared with other living things, such as pets, plants often require less attention, but they still provide the opportunity for people _________ (raise) something. to catch to learn to bear to strengthen to raise 形式 意义 示例 only to do 出乎意料的结果 I went into the house, only to find the floor cleaned, the dishes dried, and the dirty clothes washed. ...enough to do 足够……能做…… The rock above the seed is not heavy enough to prevent it from growing. too...to do 太……而不能做…… I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself! 非谓语形式作状语 （一）to do做状语——表意料之外的结果 Reading carefully，he found something he had not known before． Reading attentively，he forgot the time for lunch． Working hard, you will surely succeed. Working hard, he still failed in the exam. They stood by the roadside, talking about the plan． A lot of good land has gone with them, leaving only sand. read read work work talk leave （二）doing做状语——所给动词与句子的主语是主动关系 Heated, ice will be changed into water. Asked to stay, I couldn't very well refuse. Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. ask heat give face （三）done做状语——所给动词与句子的主语是被动关系 Entering the room, I found the walls newly-painted． Entering the room，the first thing that met eyes was the newly-painted walls． Badly wounded， the soldier was sent to hospital at once． Badly wounded,we sent the soldier to hospital at once. Being very busy，I could not afford the time to go to the cinema． Being very busy,the film tickets were given to others. Attention： 分词的逻辑主语必须和主句主语一致。 1.They work tirelessly _______ (give) people the best tools of the trade. 2.The bookshelves are shaped like houses, clouds, and even a hot air balloon _________ (offer) them a paradise (乐园). 3.The center offers students different programs designed ___________ (prepare) them for careers in technical fields. 4.…a tiny black tugboat, whose steam engine is more than strong enough ___________ (control) its larger counterpart. 5.The result reveals that open-minded people are more likely ________ (pose) with an object in their profile photos. 6.He was amazed ________ (see) a whole community of creatures swimming in this one drop—tiny beings no one had ever seen before. to give to offer to prepare to control to see to pose 非谓语形式作补语 1. Mother told me _________ (come) back before 10 o’clock. 2. I’ll get someone __________ (repair) the recorder for you. 3. What caused him ___________ (change) his mind? 4.I wish you ___________ (come) as soon as possible. 5. He asked me _____________(do) the work with him 6. We saw them _______(play) football yesterday. 7. The boss made Tom _______(work) long hours to come to repair to change to come to do play work （一）to do做宾补——v(动)+sb.(宾)+to do(宾补) I heard Tom singing an English song in the next room. I’m sorry to keep you waiting so long a time. （二）doing做宾补 sing wait 感官动词（feel/hear/watch/see/notice）sb +doing, 表动作正在进行 使役动词（let/have/make/keep）sb +doing, 表“让某人一直做某事” 1.I heard the song sung yesterday. 2.The waitress asked the American how he liked his steak cooked. 3.I wish my homework finished before five o’clock. 4.I would like to have my hair cut tomorrow. sing cook finish cut （三）done做宾补 1.…new ideas are being carried out that encourage us ____ ______ (step) out of the fast street and reconnect with nature. 2.Campaigners hope this study will persuade the British government _________ (think) hard before it publishes its clean air strategy next year. 3.Ryan invited his grandma ________ (hike) with him, and she accepted his idea cheerfully. 4.There are plenty of breathtaking walks to choose from which will lead you ___________ (discover) Dartmoor’s ancient and rugged (崎岖的) charm! 5.It is pink in colour, due to a plant that causes the salt ____________ (produce) a red colour. to step to think to hike to discover to produce 真题回顾 卷别 具体 考点 2025 2024 2023 Ⅰ 卷 过去 分词 closed （stay ...） recognized (前置定语) 现在 分词 wanting （sb.be left） 动名词 engineering (前置定语) 不定式 to present (hope to do) to give （目的） to bite (whether to do) to be lifted (allow...) 39 卷别 具体考点 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 Ⅱ 卷 过去 分词 inspired 现在 分词 Recalling falling thinking 动名词 visiting 不定式 to discover to find to see to educate to begin 考查重点：动词不定式和现在分词，Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷不定式五年四题，现在分词五年三考。 1.（2025八省联考卷）The goal was two-fold:      56    (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six tongues.  2.（2025全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance      62      (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 3.（2025浙江I月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women    60     (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing. 4.（2025全国一卷）We hope      58        (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism. to celcebrate to discover to rent to present 5. (2025八省联考卷) Chinese plays an increasingly important role in     63      (improve) communication and cooperation between China and the rest of the world. 6.（2025浙江1月卷）“I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean    65     (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 7.（2025全国二卷）If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt      65      (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders. 8.（2025八省联考卷）At the same time, a language and its individual      59      (write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition. returning left written improving 9.【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 10.【2024全国甲卷】Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend____41____（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety. 11.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 12.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___(find)the connection between the two great writers. to give to catch inspired to find 13.【2024北京卷】Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of self-awareness. 14.【2024北京卷】When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and gives us the opportunity _____( make ) right choices. 15.【2024北京卷】 Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. to rest to make knocking 16.【2024浙江1月卷】The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____36____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 17.【2024浙江1月卷】If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs ____43____(design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). to benefit designed 写作应用 语篇写作运用 (2025·广州八校联考) 假定你是校英文报的记者李华，上周五你校学生会在操场举办了一场跳蚤市场(a flea market)活动。请你为此写一篇新闻报道，内容包括： 1.活动目的和过程； 2.活动意义。 46 A Flea Market Last Friday，the Students’ Council in our school organized a flea market on the playground,1. (为了鼓励资源循环利用) and meet individual needs. The event featured students selling various items，from books to handmade crafts,2. (营造出一种活跃的市场氛围).The flea market gained active participation from both sellers and buyers.Many students took the opportunity 3.______________ ______________(清理他们的私人物品) while earning some extra income. aiming to encourage resource recycling creating a lively marketplace atmosphere to clear their possessions Buyers found unique treasures and eco-friendly alternatives to new products,4. (促进学生采用更环保的生活方式). Overall，the event was a success，which not only provided a platform for students to exchange goods，but also promoted a sense of environmental awareness. contributing to a greener lifestyle among students ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1.作主语或介宾用doing——不犯简单错误 运用　(2024·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)在公园上美术课给了我一种新奇的体验，教会我从不同的角度看世界。 典例　(2024·北京)首先，关注中国在过去75年里取得的经济增长和技术进步是必须的。 First and foremost，focusing on the economic growth and technological advancements China has acquired over the past 75 years is a must. Taking an art class in a park gave me a novel experience and taught me to look at the world from a different perspective. 2.作状语用分词生动简练 (1)doing作状语，表示句子主语和该动词为主谓(主动)关系。 运用　(2024·浙江1月)此外，持续的跳跃运动促进血液流动，增强大脑功能和警觉性。 典例　(2024·全国甲)首先，共享单车已经成为城市交通的象征，为短途出行提供了一种经济实惠、绿色环保的选择。 Firstly，shared bicycles have emerged as a symbol of urban transport，offering an affordable and green alternative for short trips. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Moreover，the continuous jumping motion stimulates blood flow，enhancing brain function and alertness. (2)done作状语，表示句子主语和该动词为动宾(被动)关系，或者表示主语所处的某种状态。 典例　(2023·全国甲)孔子，又名孔丘，被认为是中国历史上最重要的人物之一，是生活在春秋时期的中国哲学家和政治家。 Considered one of the most important figures in Chinese history，Confucius，also known as Kong Qiu，was a Chinese philosopher and politician who lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. 运用　(2024·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)我满怀感激地冲向公交车，偷偷快速瞥了一眼向我挥手告别的Gunter。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Filled with gratitude，I dashed to the bus，stealing a quick glance back at Gunter waving me goodbye. 3.表目的，不定式适当提前 运用　(2024·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ)最后，为了使画面更加可爱和吸引人，我还添加了一些美丽的鸟和蝴蝶。 典例　(2024·上海6月)为了健康快乐地生活，烹饪是青少年的一项基本技能，因为自制食物比外卖食物更美味、更有营养。 To live healthily and happily，cooking is a basic skill for teenagers as homemade food is more delicious and nutritious than takeaway food. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At last，to make the picture more lovely and attractive，I also added some beautiful birds and butterflies. 4.having done比after从句光鲜靓丽 运用　(2020·新课标Ⅰ)卖完爆米花之后，他们决定收工回家。 典例　(2022·新课标Ⅰ)在确认了大卫想跑就跑的情况后，我转过身发现他朝我走来，他瘦小的身体随着他的双脚向前摆动而左右摇晃。 Having made sure that David could run if he wanted to，I turned around to find him coming towards me，his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Having sold out all the popcorn，they decided to call it a day and go home. 感谢聆听 $