14 专题强化训练12 阅读C、D篇强化练(三)-（教师用书）【金版新学案】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习与测试

专题强化训练12　阅读C、D篇强化练(三) (时间：20分钟　满分：30分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) A (2025·石家庄市质量检测) Have you ever had something good happen to you and felt like shouting it from the rooftops? Sharing positive events with others and receiving an enthusiastic response in return has been tied to many good outcomes，including closer relationships and greater happiness.Now，a new study suggests another benefit of sharing the good stuff：more feelings of gratitude. The researchers started by asking 300 participants how often they tended to share good news，and how other people in their lives generally responded to their good news.Then，six times a day for 10 days，the researchers asked participants to report on how grateful they were in the moment，how recently they'd had a social encounter，whether they'd shared good news with that person，and how close they felt to the person as a result. Afterward the researchers analyzed the results to look for patterns.They found those who shared positive events with others felt more grateful in the moment and closer to the person with whom they shared the news.In addition，people with a tendency to share good news and receive enthusiastic responses were the most grateful in the group，overall. Sharing good news calls attention to the good things happening in your life，says Alexandra Gray，study co-author of Northeastern University.For example，you might tell a friend what a great time you had over the holidays，and in recounting what happened，you can re-experience the positive feelings and become even more appreciative. Getting an enthusiastic response to your good news is also important，says Gray，because it makes you feel recognized，and cared for in a way that strengthens your relationship，and also leads to gratitude. Though there's still more research to be done，Gray suggests people not hold back on sharing their good news with others，or on showing enthusiasm when others share good news with them.We all have a role to play in helping positivity spread. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究表明分享好消息除了能带来如更亲密的关系和更大的幸福感等好处外，还能带来更多的感恩之情，并介绍了研究过程及分享好消息和对好消息给予热情回应的重要性。 1．How did the researchers conduct the study? A．By analyzing participants' daily reports. B．By observing participants' social encounters. C．By studying participants' attitudes to sharing. D．By tracking participants' interactive behavior. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Then，six times a day for 10 days...and how close they felt to the person as a result.” 可推知，研究人员是通过分析参与者的日常报告来进行研究的。故选A。 2．What does the underlined word “recounting” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A．Repeating. B． Analyzing. C．Inquiring. D．Recalling. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段“For example，you might tell a friend what a great time you had over the holidays，and in recounting what happened，you can re-experience the positive feelings and become even more appreciative.” 可知，你可以重新体验积极的感觉，变得更加感激，所以是在回忆的时候发生的，故recounting 是“回忆”的意思。故选D。 3．What can we infer about positive responses to shared good news? A．They boost the sharer's self-awareness. B．They serve to confirm the listener's opinions. C．They are more influential if given by friends. D．They make people more connected with others. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“They found those who shared positive events with others felt more grateful in the moment and closer to the person with whom they shared the news.” 以及第五段内容可推知，对分享的好消息的积极回应能让人们与他人联系更紧密。故选D。 4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To discuss the key to strong friendships. B．To encourage people to share good news. C．To compare ways people react to good news. D．To analyze how gratitude improves happiness. 答案：B 解析：写作目的题。根据最后一段可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励人们分享好消息。故选B。 B (2025·山东省潍坊市3月模拟) Imagine a world where food security relies on just a few crops.This is not fiction but our current path.Agricultural biodiversity—the lifeblood of flexible ecosystems—is collapsing due to climate change，habitat destruction，and industrial farming.Over 75% of plant genetic diversity has disappeared in a century，with just nine species now dominating global crop production.Such reliance on uniform crops leaves food systems open to pests，diseases，and climate extremes. Genetic diversity acts as a natural barrier against environmental changes.Different crop varieties respond differently to stressors，providing farmers with options to manage risks.When one crop fails，others can compensate，helping to safeguard harvests and livelihoods.However，as the diversity on our farms drops，farmers have fewer tools to adapt to the growing challenge brought on by environmental change. The fall brings numerous consequences，and human health suffers as well.Global diets now center on energy-rich but nutrient-poor food，resulting in 11 million annual diet-related deaths.And reduced access to diverse fruits and vegetables worsens malnutrition(营养不良)globally. Turning the trend around requires a multi-aspect approach that combines conservation，sustainable farming practices，and scientific innovation.Central to these efforts is the conservation of genetic resources—the seeds，genes，and living organisms that sustain our food systems.The global genebank network developed by CGIAR conserves over 700，000 accessions of more than 3，000 locally important and less well-known plant species.Sending samples out to thousands of requesters worldwide every year，it brings diversity back into communities，fields，and landscapes.We ourselves also need to bring biodiversity back into our fields.Agroecological practices，such as crop alternation，intercropping，and agroforestry，capitalize on the power of biodiversity to enhance soil health，control pests，and improve water use efficiency. Biodiversity is our insurance against environmental uncertainty.But like any insurance，it only works if we maintain it.Today's choices determine tomorrow's food recovery capacity.By boosting conservation and innovation，we can safeguard the genetic foundation of our survival.The seeds of the future are in our hands—let them thrive. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球农业生物多样性的下降及其对粮食安全和人类健康的影响，并提出了通过保护、可持续农业实践和科学创新来恢复生物多样性的方法。 5．What is discussed regarding global agriculture? A．The decline of agricultural biodiversity. B．The mismatch of food supply and demand. C．The lack of advanced agricultural technology. D．The overuse of chemical fertilizers in farming. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段可知，文章讨论了由于气候变化、栖息地破坏和工业化农业，农业生物多样性正在崩溃，全球作物生产中植物遗传多样性大幅减少，所以关于全球农业讨论的是农业生物多样性的下降。故选A。 6．What does the underlined word “compensate” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Suffer from the risk. B．Speed up the recovery. C．Make up for the loss. D．Increase the diversity. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Genetic diversity acts as a natural barrier against environmental changes.Different crop varieties respond differently to stressors，providing farmers with options to manage risks.”以及画线单词句中“When one crop fails，others can ...safeguard harvests and livelihoods.”可知，遗传多样性是应对环境变化的天然屏障，不同作物品种对压力源反应不同，当一种作物歉收时，其他作物可以“弥补损失”，从而保障收成和生计，compensate意思是“弥补；补偿”。故选C。 7．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The role of CGIAR. B．Impacts of farming practices. C．Measures to increase biodiversity. D．The importance of genetic diversity. 答案：C 解析：段落大意题。根据第四段“Turning the trend around requires a multi-aspect approach that combines conservation，sustainable farming practices，and scientific innovation.”可知，扭转农业生物多样性下降的趋势需要多方面的方法，包括保护、可持续农业实践和科学创新。接着介绍了全球基因库网络的作用以及农业生态实践，如作物轮作、间作和农林业等，所以第四段主要讲的是增加生物多样性的措施。故选C。 8．What does the author agree with? A．Immediate human action is vital. B．Future global food supply is assured. C．Buying insurance for crops is a must. D．Traditional genetic seeds are hard to survive. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，生物多样性是应对环境不确定性的保障，我们现在的选择决定着未来的食物恢复能力，我们要通过加强保护和创新来保障生存的遗传基础，未来的种子在我们手中，这表明作者认为人类立即采取行动至关重要。故选A。 C (2025·太原市模拟) Rise with the sun and rest at sunset—this was the way of life for our ancestors.Thanks to artificial light，which improves visibility at night，we can enjoy a much safer society and around-the-clock productivity.For wildlife，however，studies have shown it disturbs animals' natural sleep cycles，affects amphibian (两栖的) reproduction and throws migrating birds off course. New research in Frontiers in Plant Science investigated how artificial light impacts plant-insect relationships.Researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences noticed tree leaves in cities typically showed fewer signs of insect damage than those outside of cities，so they analyzed 5，500 leaf samples from two tree species throughout Beijing.Researchers found more artificial light in a given area meant tougher leaves.And the tougher the leaf，the less evidence of hungry insects.They don't fully understand why，but assume that trees under artificial light at night might be extending their photosynthesis (光合作用) time. “Plants distribute their limited resources，such as nutrients，water and energy，among various functions like growth，reproduction and defense，depending on the environment.Light can affect how plants use resources，” says Ellen Cieraad，a plant ecologist from New Zealand.“Since plants use light for growth，artificial night light could be unnaturally increasing the time trees spend on photosynthesis，allocating more resources to chemical compounds that make leaves tougher.” “If the same applied to leaves of other species，this would be bad news for insects，” researchers said.Changes in plants，and in interactions between plants and animals，can significantly impact the entire urban ecosystem.Herbivorous insects，which rely on leaves for food，may struggle to survive，disrupting the food chain.Fewer herbivorous insects could lead to declines in predators like birds，affecting biodiversity.Insects also play vital roles as pollinators (传粉媒介) and eat decaying plants，helping to break down leaves and returning nutrients to soil.In cities，healthy soil and healthy plant life supported by insects are good for humans，as plants provide shade and reduce heat trapped in cities.Moving forward，researchers are committed to refining their discovery，aiming to guide people to take corresponding actions. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人造光对人类有益，但会干扰野生动物的自然睡眠周期，新研究还发现它会使树叶变硬，影响城市生态系统。 9．What influence does artificial light bring according to the text? A．It toughens tree leaves. B．It shortens animals' sleep hours. C．It illuminates birds' migrating routes. D．It increases amphibian reproduction rates. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers found more artificial light in a given area meant tougher leaves.”可知，人造光会使树叶变硬。故选A。 10．Why is Ellen Cieraad quoted in Paragraph 3? A．To raise a concern. B．To introduce a concept. C．To support an assumption. D．To clarify a misunderstanding. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“They don't fully understand why，but assume that trees under artificial light at night might be extending their photosynthesis (光合作用) time.”和第三段中引用Ellen Cieraad的话“Since plants use light for growth，artificial night light could be unnaturally increasing the time trees spend on photosynthesis，allocating more resources to chemical compounds that make leaves tougher.”可推知，引用Ellen Cieraad的话是为了支持第二段中研究人员的假设。故选C。 11．Which of the following best summarizes the phenomenon in Paragraph 4? A．Time heals all wounds. B．Nature always finds a way. C．A chain is as strong as its weakest link. D．A small move may affect the bigger picture. 答案：D 解析：段落大意题。根据第四段中“Changes in plants，and in interactions between plants and animals，can significantly impact...affecting biodiversity.”描述的现象可知，植物和动物间的小变化会影响整个城市的生态系统，即小的变动可能会影响大局。故选D。 12．What will the following research probably focus on? A．Approaches to enhancing soil quality. B．Ways of improving urban biodiversity. C．Standards for selecting plant species in cities. D．Solutions to reducing impacts of nighttime light. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据前文提到人造光对生态系统的诸多影响和最后一段中“Moving forward，researchers are committed to refining their discovery，aiming to guide people to take corresponding actions.”可推知，后续研究可能会关注减少夜间人造光影响的解决方案。故选D。 学生用书第27页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $