13 专题强化训练11 阅读C、D篇强化练(二)-（教师用书）【金版新学案】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习与测试

专题强化训练11　阅读C、D篇强化练(二) (时间：20分钟　满分：30分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) A (2025·长郡中学考前适应性演练) The last time my husband and I went out for an elegant restaurant dinner，the server came to our table and began to recite a long list of specials，with detailed descriptions of how the dishes were made and where the ingredients had been sourced.Her recitation went on and on，and as she spoke，I became almost more interested in how she could remember all those descriptions than I was in thinking about the food.Meanwhile，I couldn't remember where I'd put my keys before we left for the restaurant. The good news is that not remembering where you put your keys is generally not a sign of dementia (老年痴呆).And on the contrary，being able to remember a long list of restaurant specials isn't necessarily a sign of extraordinary mental ability，either.Memory is far more complicated than the dining out experience could ever show.While most of us are terrified about developing dementia，fewer than 10% of adults aged 65 and older will wind up with dementia such as Alzheimer's (阿尔茨海默症). “Some memory loss is normal as people age，” says Joel Salinas，a behavioral neurologist.“It's not the kind of decline that interferes with the ability to live your life.” And，he adds，“There are areas that actually improve with age.Vocabulary is one.” Jessica Zwerling，a director of the Center of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease，compares the effect of aging on memory to kind of like getting traffic on the brain.“It may take longer to find a word；it may come to you later.The speed of processing can go down，but your hippocampus，the part of the brain most associated with memory，should be functioning.” And the memories themselves are stored in various sections of the cerebral cortex，the outer layer of the brain.“Memory is all these different brain networks working in concert with each other，” says Dr.Salinas. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章通过作者外出就餐的经历引出话题，探讨了记忆的复杂性，并解释了随着年龄增长出现的正常记忆衰退现象及其与痴呆症的区别。 1．Why does the author mention the dining out experience in the first paragraph? A．To clarify the distinct differences. B．To introduce her awkward situation. C．To teach readers how to recite menus. D．To highlight the complexity of memory. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段可知，作者提到外出就餐的经历是为了说明能够记住一长串餐厅特色菜不一定是非凡智力的标志，而不记得把钥匙放在哪也并不是痴呆的征兆，由此可知，记忆具有复杂性。故选D。 2．What does the underlined phrase “interferes with” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Promotes. B． Limits. C．Mixes. D．Acquires. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中“‘Some memory loss is normal as people age，’ says Joel Salinas，a behavioral neurologist.‘It's not the kind of decline that interferes with the ability to live your life.’”可知，随着年龄的增长，记忆丧失是正常现象，结合句中“not the kind of decline”可推知，这种记忆的衰退不会限制人们的生活能力。故画线短语意为“妨碍”，与“Limits”意思相近。故选B。 3．What can we know about aged people with memory loss according to the text? A．They act like an Alzheimer's patient. B．They can't live a normal life independently. C．They are sure to suffer dementia some day. D．They may recall some forgotten words after a while. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Jessica Zwerling，a director of the Center of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease...the part of the brain most associated with memory，should be functioning.”可知，有记忆减退的老年人可能过一会儿能想起一些遗忘的单词。故选D。 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The mechanism of memory loss in brain. B．The brain parts in charge of memorizing. C．The procedures of memory experiments. D．The result of losing memory in brain. 答案：A 解析：段落大意题。通读最后一段对大脑中记忆存储和运作的描述可知，本段主要讲的是大脑中记忆减退的机制。故选A。 B (2025·重庆市第三次质量调研) What do you do as spring sets in? Taking off your warm winter coat，and putting it away? For humans，taking off winter coats is a one-minute task.As it turns out，not all animals are so capable. Snowshoe rabbits live in the mountain ranges of North America，and have a pure white coat during the winter time to match the snowy surroundings and to help avoid being caught.And they take off winter coats for a darker brown fur color to match the dirt and leaves after the snow melts in the spring.Sounds like a great way to escape from their natural enemies，right? However，concern begins when scientists begin looking at how the warming climate will impact the rabbits. There are more and more white rabbits in the middle of a brown habitat，where the snow has already melted away.This is a problem for them，as they are more easily seen by their natural enemies，giving them a “mismatch” problem.Snowshoe rabbits time the coat change in spring from white to brown based on the change in day length，not the temperature or the presence of snow in their habitat.Nowadays，the snow is melting a week on average before the change in day length signals the change in coat color，leaving the rabbits exposed to their natural enemies. Some predictions put the rabbits in up to 8 weeks of a white coat in a brown，snowless habitat by the end of this century.This timeline could spell doom for their populations，as their natural enemies will have nearly 2 months of easily spotting them. Fortunately，scientists have found areas with snowshoe rabbits in color from white to brown in the same place，meaning the timing of the coat change can be influenced by the environment.Snowshoe rabbits reproduce quickly，and if the color change timing is passed down then it is possible for rabbits to change coats accordingly.By protecting areas with variable ones，we can give snowshoe rabbits the opportunity to adapt to the changing climate. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雪鞋兔因气候变暖面临毛色与环境不匹配的生存问题及应对希望。 5．Why does the author mention humans' taking off winter coats? A．To stress climate change is influential. B．To imply animals should be taken care of. C．To show bonds between man and animals. D．To lead to the problem of snowshoe rabbits. 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For humans，taking off winter coats is a one-minute task.As it turns out，not all animals are so capable.”可知，作者通过人类脱冬衣的轻松，引出动物，尤其是雪鞋兔面临的换毛难题，从而自然过渡到文章主题。故选D。 6．What has made scientists worry about snowshoe rabbits? A．They fail to keep their white color. B．They are active in freezing winter. C．They can't get rid of white fur when snow melts. D．They are easily caught by hunters on snowy days. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Nowadays，the snow is melting a week on average before the change in day length signals the change in coat color，leaving the rabbits exposed to their natural enemies.”可知，科学家担忧的是雪提前融化，而雪鞋兔仍依据日照时长换毛，导致它们在无雪环境中因白色皮毛易被天敌发现。故选C。 7．What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4? A．More rabbits will be killed. B．Rabbits' enemies are stronger. C．The rabbit population will shoot. D．The rabbits may die out in future. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“一些预测指出，到本世纪末，雪鞋兔在棕色无雪的栖息地中可能会有长达8周的白色皮毛。这段时间可能会给它们的种群带来厄运，因为它们的天敌将有近两个月的时间很容易发现它们。”可知，长时间毛色与环境不匹配会使雪鞋兔被天敌捕食的风险大幅增加，因此，画线句暗示“更多兔子将被猎杀”。故选A。 8．Which of the following can best conclude the text? A．Natural Selection B．Importance of Colors C．Survival of the Fittest D．Timing of Coat Change 答案：C 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段可知，文章围绕雪鞋兔因气候变暖面临毛色适应挑战，既提到其生存危机，也指出它们通过快速繁殖和环境适应可能延续种群，体现了“适者生存”的自然法则，所以“适者生存”最能概括全文核心。故选C。 C (2025·河南省考前适应性考试) A new study published in Nature Medicine has revealed a significant link between diet and healthy aging.The study focused on how maintaining a diet rich in plant-based foods，along with a low to moderate (适度的) intake of healthy animal-based foods and a reduced intake of highly processed foods，can lead to healthy aging.Healthy aging，in this context，means reaching 70 years old without major ongoing diseases and maintaining good physical，and mental health. Previous studies investigated dietary patterns in the context of specific diseases or people's lifespan (寿命).This research takes a broader view.Frank Hu，a professor at Harvard Chan School，said，“Our study asks how diet impacts people's ability to live independently and enjoy a good quality of life as they age.” The researchers analyzed data from over 105，000 women and men aged 39－69 in the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study over 30 years.Participants regularly filled out dietary question sheets，which were scored based on their following of eight healthy dietary patterns.These patterns emphasized high intake of fruits，vegetables，whole grains，and more.The study also evaluated the intake of over-processed foods，which are often unhealthy. The study found that 9.3% of the participants aged healthfully.Among the healthy diets，those with the highest AHEI (Alternative Healthy Eating Index) scores had a much greater likelihood of healthy aging compared to those with the lowest scores. Another beneficial diet was the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI). Alternatively，higher intake of highly-processed foods was related to lower probabilities of healthy aging. Co-corresponding author Marta Guasch-Ferré stated that research on healthy aging is crucial as staying active and independent matters for both individuals and public health.The lead author，Anne-Julie Tessier，added that there's no one-size-fits-all diet，and healthy diets can be adjusted according to personal needs.Despite its contributions，the study only included health professionals，and further research among diverse populations is needed. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究揭示饮食与健康衰老的关系，还指出研究存在的局限。 9．What did past studies mainly tell us? A．Diet shapes the quality of the life of the old. B．Diet affects healthy aging through food intake. C．Diet determines one's independent living ability. D．Diet patterns can influence how long people live. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Previous studies investigated dietary patterns in the context of specific diseases or people's lifespan(寿命).”可知，先前的研究在特定疾病或人类寿命的背景下对饮食模式进行了调查，这意味着研究关注了饮食模式与特定疾病以及寿命之间的关系。由此可知，饮食模式可以影响人们的寿命长短。故选D。 10．How is the study conducted? A．By analyzing existing data. B．By doing lots of surveys. C．By carrying out experiments. D．By making comparisons. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“The researchers analyzed data from over 105，000 women and men aged 39－69 in the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study over 30 years.”可推知，研究人员是通过分析现有数据的方式开展研究的。故选A。 11．What does the result of the new study tell us? A．Processed foods shorten humans' lives. B．Low PHDI scores reduce aging odds. C．High PHDI scores ensure that one ages well. D．AHEI scores top others for healthy aging. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Among the healthy diets，those with the highest AHEI(Alternative Healthy Eating Index) scores had a much greater likelihood of healthy aging compared to those with the lowest scores.Another beneficial diet was the Planetary Health Diet Index(PHDI).”可知，PHDI是有益的饮食模式。由此可推知，较高的行星健康饮食指数(PHDI)能确保一个人健康地变老。故选C。 12．What does Anne-Julie Tessier say about the new study? A．It holds true everywhere. B．It has certain limitations. C．It suggests a healthier diet. D．It possesses deep meaning. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，Anne-Julie Tessier认为该研究存在局限，只包括了健康专业人员，还需要在不同人群中进一步研究。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $