专题01 语法填空 （上海专用）2026年高考英语二模分类汇编

专题01 语法填空 编者按：2026年上海十六区高三二模收集齐全，深度解析，排版整齐。 （一） （2025~2026学年闵行区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Breaking the Streak (连续打卡) Have you ever noticed yourself stuck in a streak on a social media app? Maybe you'repracticing a language daily, or posting your (1)______ (late) achievements for friends to see.These little reminders are meant (2)______ (keep) you motivated, but after a while, keeping upwith them can be tiring. No wonder people start asking: why do these habits form so easily, andcan they actually be broken? Researchers (3)______ (study) social media habits for decades, and it turns out they'redriven by simple psychological rewards. Apps (4)______most users create profiles and interactwith others provide rewards that encourage them to return. Sometimes, it's obvious - a "like", acomment, or a message. Other times, it's quieter - a little moment of satisfaction or feeling (5)______ (connect). Over time, these rewards link the app to certain situations. For instance, (6)______ you tend to grab your phone when you're bored, your brain starts connecting that boredom with opening the app. It soon becomes automatic, and even a notification (通知), a free moment, or your mood can serve as a cue (暗示) for the habit without thinking. The good news? These habits (7)______ (not set) in stone. Since they rely on learned connections, you can weaken them by changing your routine or limiting exposure (8)______ the reminders. Turning off notifications, moving apps out of easy reach, or doing something else instead can all help break the cycle. Understanding (9)______ social media habits work gives you the upper hand. Once you spot the cues and rewards (10)______ (drive) your behavior, you can make smarter choices about when and how to use these apps. 【答案】 1. latest 2. to keep 3. have been studying/have studied 4. where 5. connected 6. if/when 7. are not set 8. to 9. how 10. driving 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了社交媒体上“连续打卡”这一习惯现象。文章分析了此类习惯易于形成的心理机制（即简单的心理奖励），解释了其如何与特定情境关联并成为自动行为，最后指出通过改变惯例和减少接触提示可以打破这种习惯循环，强调了理解其工作原理能让人更明智地使用社交媒体。 【1题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：也许你每天都在练习一门语言，或者发布你最新的成就给朋友们看。此处修饰名词“achievements”，表示“最新的成就”，应使用形容词“late”的最高级形式“latest”。故填latest。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些小小的提醒旨在让你保持动力。固定短语“be meant to do sth.”意为“旨在做某事，目的是……”。故填to keep。 【3题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：研究人员研究社交媒体习惯已经数十年了。根据时间状语“for decades”（数十年来）和主句“it turns out...”所体现的“研究结果至今有效”的语境，此处强调研究动作从过去持续到现在并可能继续，应使用现在完成进行时“have been studying”或现在完成时“have studied”。故填have been studying / have studied。 【4题详解】 考查定语从句关系副词。句意：大多数用户创建个人资料并相互互动的应用软件会提供奖励，鼓励他们回来。分析句子结构，空白处引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词“Apps”。从句中主谓宾齐全（most users是主语，create和interact是并列谓语），缺少地点状语，意为“在……的应用软件里”。因此需用关系副词where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词（过去分词作形容词）。句意：其他时候，它更安静——一种满足感或连接感。此处“feeling”为系动词，后面应接形容词构成系表结构。“connected”作为过去分词形容词化，意为“有联系的，感到连接的”。故填connected。 【6题详解】 考查状语从句连词。句意：例如，如果你/当你倾向于在无聊时拿起手机，你的大脑就开始将那种无聊感与打开这个应用联系起来。此处引导一个条件状语从句或时间状语从句，表示一种假设或通常情况。if（如果）或when（当……时）均符合逻辑。故填if / when。 【7题详解】 考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：好消息是？这些习惯并非一成不变。短语“set in stone”意为“一成不变，铁板钉钉”。主语“These habits”是复数，与动词set之间构成被动关系（习惯被设定），且根据上下文，此处陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态。否定形式在助动词后加not。故填are not set。 【8题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：既然它们依赖于习得的联系，你可以通过改变你的日常惯例或限制对这些提醒的接触来削弱它们。固定搭配“limit exposure to...”意为“限制对……的接触/暴露”。故填to。 【9题详解】 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：理解社交媒体习惯如何运作让你占据上风。分析句子结构，“Understanding ______ social media habits work”中，understanding后接宾语从句。从句“social media habits work”主谓齐全，但缺少方式状语，意为“如何运作”。因此需用连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词（现在分词作后置定语）。句意：一旦你发现了驱使你行为的暗示和奖励，你就能对何时以及如何使用这些应用做出更明智的选择。分析句子结构，“______ (drive) your behavior”是修饰前面“the cues and rewards”的后置定语。cues and rewards与drive之间是主动关系（提示和奖励驱使你的行为），且表示主动、进行或状态，应使用现在分词形式。故填driving。 （二） （2025~2026学年金山区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Can Time-Honored Brands Win Modern Hearts? The Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) has launched the 2026 Time-Honored BrandsCarnival(嘉年华), a nationwide year-long initiative to show famous national and local traditionalbrands. The organizers will hold it during traditional festivals, holidays and big exhibitions,(1)__________(expect) to provide more high-quality products and services and meet people's wish for a better life. MOFCOM data shows China has 1,455 official time-honored brands, (2)__________anaverage history of over 145 years. In the age of global economy and changing consumer tastes,these brands, carriers of China's business culture, (3)__________(face) gheat chances andchallenges. The carnival, therefore. is more than a business show. It (4)__________also serve as acultural bridge, connecting the past and future, tradition and modern life.Famous for great quality and special features, these products perfectly satisfy modern people'sneed for special and high-end goods. Many brands own special skills and secret recipes, which are valuable cultural heritage. Theywill be visually presented throughout the carnival. For example, Tongrentang's traditional Chinesemedicine processing techniques (5)__________ (demonstrate) on site. This will bring traditionaltechniques from workshops to the public and stimulate the willingness (6) __________(learn) and pass them on. (7)__________ makes the carnival distinctive is that it successfully bridges brands and local7culture by recreating historical scenes and sharing vivid stories. It can be elearly seen that, inBeiiing, the carnival restores the commercial scenes of hutongs, (8)______ in Shanghai, itplaces greater emphasis on displaying the unique commercial culture shaped by the city's history.Furthermore, the camnival helps traditional brands integrate naturally into modern life. Manytime-honored tea' houses have developed innovative drinks, and the carnival provides a perfectplatform (9) ______these new concepts can be tested and accepted by the public.(10) ________(spport) by rich experiences and various interactive activities, the "culture +consumption" model injects new vitality into old brands. And it in turn guides the upgrading andprogress of social consumption. 【答案】 1. expecting 2. with 3. are facing 4. can 5. will be demonstrated 6. to learn 7. What 8. while/whereas/and 9. where 10. Supported 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了商务部启动的“2026老字号嘉年华”活动。文章阐述了该活动的目的（提供优质产品与服务，满足人民美好生活愿望）及其多重意义（不仅是商业展示，更是连接过去与未来、传统与现代的文化桥梁）。文章具体说明了活动如何通过现场展示非遗技艺、复原历史场景、讲述生动故事来连接品牌与地域文化，以及如何通过创新产品与互动体验，帮助老字号融入现代生活，最终为老品牌注入新活力并引导消费升级。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词（现在分词作状语）。句意：组织者将在传统节日、假期和大型展览期间举办它，旨在提供更多高质量的产品和服务，满足人民对美好生活的愿望。分析句子结构，空白处所在部分“______ (expect) to provide...”在句中作状语，表示伴随状态或目的。逻辑主语“The organizers”与“expect”之间是主动关系（组织者被期望/旨在……），因此应用现在分词形式expecting。故填expecting。 【2题详解】 考查介词。句意：商务部数据显示，中国有1455个官方认定的老字号品牌，平均拥有超过145年的历史。分析句子结构，空白处后接“an average history...”是对“1,455 official time-honored brands”的补充说明，表示“具有、带有”某种特征，应用介词with。故填with。 【3题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在全球经济和消费者口味变化的时代，这些作为中国商业文化载体的品牌正面临着巨大的机遇和挑战。根据语境“In the age of...”和句子表达的当前持续状态，此处应用现在进行时。主语“these brands”为复数，故填are facing。 【4题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：因此，这个嘉年华不仅仅是一个商业展示。它也可以作为一个文化桥梁……。根据上下文逻辑，此处表示该活动“能够、可以”起到文化桥梁的作用，强调其功能或可能性。情态动词can符合此意。故填can。 【5题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：例如，同仁堂的中药炮制技术将在现场展示。主语“techniques”与“demonstrate”之间构成被动关系（技术被展示），且根据“on site”和上下文，动作发生在将来（嘉年华期间），应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be demonstrated。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词（不定式作定语）。句意：这将把传统技艺从作坊带到公众面前，并激发学习和传承它们的意愿。名词“willingness”后常接不定式作定语，意为“做……的意愿”。故填to learn。 【7题详解】 考查名词性从句（主语从句）。句意：使得这个嘉年华与众不同的是，它通过重现历史场景和分享生动故事，成功地连接了品牌与地域文化。分析句子结构，“______ makes the carnival distinctive”是整个句子的主语。从句中缺少主语，指代“使得嘉年华与众不同的东西”，应用连接代词What引导主语从句。故填What。 【8题详解】 考查并列连词或对比连词。句意：可以清楚地看到，在北京，嘉年华复原了胡同的商业场景，而在上海，它更侧重于展示由城市历史塑造的独特商业文化。分析前后分句“in Beijing...”和“in Shanghai...”，两者在内容上形成对比或并列关系，描述两个城市的不同侧重点。因此需用表示对比的连词while或whereas，或者表示并列的and。故填while/whereas/and。 【9题详解】 考查定语从句关系副词。句意：许多老字号茶馆已经开发了创新饮品，而嘉年华为这些新概念提供了一个可以被公众测试和接受的完美平台。分析句子结构，“______ these new concepts can be tested and accepted by the public”是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“a perfect platform”。从句中主谓宾结构完整，但缺少地点状语，意为“在这个平台上”，因此需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词（过去分词作状语）。句意：在丰富的体验和各种互动活动的支持下，“文化+消费”模式为老品牌注入了新的活力。分析句子结构，“______ (support) by rich experiences...”在句中作状语。逻辑主语“the ‘culture + consumption’ model”与“support”之间是被动关系（模式被支持），因此应用过去分词Supported。故填Supported。 （三） （2025~2026学年松江区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Finding Focus in a Distracted World It is really hard to prevent your mind from wandering. Most people remember (1)__________(tell)to stop daydreaming and focus at school; for adults, maintaining concentration remains a challenge.Therefore, there is necessity for us to understand the science behind focus and recognize the verystrategies (2)__________can make a substantial difference. Scientists, after their exploration of (3)__________our brain's concentration is enhanced, haveuncovered practical strategies for staying "in the zone". According to Science Focus, managing yourenvironment is essential. Silence offers the best conditions for deep concentration. And gentlebackground noise, (4)__________coffee shop talking, also shows effectiveness in improvingconcentration. Furthermore, switching off instant messages or powering down smartphones(5)__________(remove) significant digital distractions and sharpens focus on immediate tasks.Besides environmental adjustments, another effective method involves mental training.Attention researcher Nilli Lavie from University College London has discovered that making tasksvisually exhausting occupies more processing power, decreasing the possibility for distractions. Andthis discovery suggests that (6)__________(strengthen) our ability to maintain attention, we should trainour mind to activate more processing power when facing tasks.More practical techniques are introduced to keep your mind (7)__________(concentrate) on whatyou are doing. Selecting a workspace free from temptation, creating a to-do list ranking tasks clearly,or even chewing gum proves beneficial. Research suggests chewing may occupy certain brain regionsthat are easily distracted, thus anchoring attention more effectively. These behavioral adjustmentswork wonderfully well respectively, and when combined, they can improve focus to a(8)__________(great) extent. Nevertheless, distraction is not entirely negative. Science Focus notes that constant, steady focuswould cause us to overlook potential threats and other important environmental changes. In this sense,distraction serves an essential survival function. The key takeaway is balance: (9)__________we shouldapply strategies to improve concentration, we must recognize that a distraction-free state is neitherrealistic nor desirable. Ultimately, a balanced mental state, (10)__________that allows for both focusedwork and environmental awareness, remains the healthiest long-term approach. 【答案】 1. being told 2. that/which 3. how 4. like/including 5. removes 6. to strengthen 7. concentrated 8. greater 9. while/although/though 10. one/something 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了在当今容易分心的世界中如何保持专注。文章首先指出专注的普遍困难，接着从科学角度介绍了通过管理环境（如保持安静、关闭数字干扰）和进行心理训练（如增加任务视觉复杂度）来提升专注力的策略，并提及了一些实用技巧（如选择合适工作区、嚼口香糖）。最后，文章辩证地指出分心并非全无是处，它具备重要的生存功能，关键在于在专注与环境警觉之间取得平衡。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词（动名词的被动式）。句意：大多数人都记得在学校时曾被告诉不要做白日梦，要集中注意力。动词“remember”后接动名词表示“记得做过某事”。逻辑主语“Most people”与“tell”之间是被动关系（被告诉），因此需用动名词的被动式“being told”。故填being told。 【2题详解】 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：因此，我们有必要了解专注背后的科学，并认识到那些能产生实质性影响的策略。分析句子结构，空白处引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词“the very strategies”。从句中缺少主语，指代“strategies”（物），因此需用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 【3题详解】 考查宾语从句连接副词。句意：科学家们在探索了我们大脑的专注力如何被增强之后，发现了一些保持“处于状态”的实用策略。介词“of”后接宾语从句。从句“our brain‘s concentration is enhanced”主谓结构完整，但缺少方式状语，意为“如何被增强”。因此需用连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：而温和的背景噪音，比如咖啡馆的谈话声，也被证明能有效提高专注力。此处需要引出举例说明“gentle background noise”的内容。“like”作为介词，意为“例如，像”，符合语境。故填like。 【5题详解】 考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：此外，关闭即时消息或关掉智能手机能消除重大的数字干扰，并让你更专注于眼前的任务。主语“switching off instant messages or powering down smartphones”是动名词短语作单数主语，且陈述一般事实，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式的一般现在时。故填removes。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词（不定式作目的状语）。句意：这一发现表明，为了增强我们保持注意力的能力，我们应该训练我们的大脑在面对任务时激活更多的处理能力。分析句子结构，“______ (strengthen) our ability...”在句中作目的状语，意为“为了增强……”，应使用不定式形式。故填to strengthen。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词（过去分词作宾语补足语）。句意：介绍了更多实用技巧来让你的思维专注于你正在做的事情。固定搭配“keep sth./sb. + 形容词/过去分词”表示“使……保持某种状态”。此处“your mind”与“concentrate”之间是被动关系（思维被集中），因此用过去分词“concentrated”作宾语补足语，构成“keep your mind concentrated on...”。故填concentrated。 【8题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：这些行为调整各自效果显著，而当结合使用时，它们能在更大程度上提升专注力。根据语境“to a... extent”和“when combined”（结合时效果更好），此处暗含比较意味，表示程度“更大”，应使用形容词“great”的比较级“greater”。短语“to a greater extent”意为“在更大程度上”。故填greater。 【9题详解】 考查状语从句连词。句意：关键要点在于平衡：虽然我们应该运用策略来提高专注力，但我们必须认识到，完全不分心的状态既不现实也不可取。分析主从句逻辑关系，主句“we must recognize...”与从句“we should apply strategies...”之间存在转折或让步关系，意为“尽管……但是”。因此需用表示让步的从属连词while、although或though。故填while/although/though。 【10题详解】 考查代词。句意：最终，一种平衡的心理状态——一种既允许专注工作又保持环境觉察的状态——仍然是最健康的长期方法。分析句子结构，“______ that allows...”是同位语，对前面的“a balanced mental state”进行补充说明。为了避免重复，使用代词“one”来指代“a balanced mental state”。故填one。 （四） （2025~2026学年浦东新区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Temperatures are warming up with days getting longer, so we throw off our coats and boots and spend time outside taking in the sun’s warmth. Those signs of spring also signal to many that it’s time to conduct a thorough cleaning in their house, a tradition with roots ____1____ (date) back to ancient times, symbolizing the transition from the hibernating (冬眠) winter season to the dynamic growth of spring. “We sweep the floor and polish the surface, and ____2____ these actions represent is that we are honoring a tradition which unites us with past generations,” says Maren Voss, a director at the Museum of the Home in London. Spring cleaning actually arises from various cultures. In Chinese culture, it is customary just before New Year’s Day ____3____ (tidy) up one’s home so that good fortune will arrive. In Western culture, spring cleaning also has a practical history. In the past, homes ____4____ (heat) with wood or coal. And oil lamps lit homes ____5____ electricity was widely used, so dirt built up on surfaces. Here came spring cleaning. However, spring cleaning may have more to do with biology. Some studies suggest more sunlight increases our wakefulness because we produce less melatonin, a chemical that makes us sleepy. Melatonin causes us to become ____6____ (willing) to refresh our space. When the seasons start to shift, feelings of dullness reduce, and we regain energy and feel ____7____ (motivate) to deep clean our living environments. Studies have shown that cleaning has a healing effect, as seen by the new generation of “cleanfluencers” ____8____ are taking social media by storm. Millions of people watch them clean dirty homes and share cleaning tips. What starts ____9____ a simple video watch often ends with viewers tackling their own household chores. If you haven’t visited the gym lately, _____10_____ (start) your workout at home by washing windows and floors. So pick a room, grab some cleaning supplies and begin. Make your living space as fresh as spring. 【答案】1. dating 2. what 3. to tidy 4. were heated 5. before##until 6. less willing 7. motivated 8. who##that 9. as##with 10. start 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍春季大扫除的传统起源、中外文化背景及生物学原因，说明光照影响褪黑素让人更愿打扫，还提及清洁博主带动风气，建议人们动手清洁。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些春天的迹象也向许多人传递出一个信息：是时候对自家进行一次彻底的清扫了。这一传统可以追溯到古代，象征着从冬眠般的冬季到充满活力的春季的转变。此处root与date为主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填dating。 【2题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：伦敦“家庭博物馆”的馆长玛伦·沃斯说：“我们清扫地板、擦拭表面，这些举动所体现的正是我们对这一传统表示尊重，这一传统将我们与过去几代人紧密相连。”引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，指“这些行为所代表的事”用what引导。故填what。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国文化中，新年前夕人们通常会打扫房屋，以期迎来好运。句型It is customary to do sth.表示“做某事是一种习俗”。故填to tidy。 【4题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：过去，人们用木材或煤炭来为房屋供暖。主语homes与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文In the past可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were heated。 【5题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：在电力得到广泛应用之前，人们使用油灯来照明，因此物体表面会积聚灰尘。引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”用before；或表示“直到……为止”用until。故填before/until。 【6题详解】 考查比较级。句意：褪黑素会使我们变得不那么愿意去整理和清洁自己的空间了。结合句意“褪黑素让人困倦，因此更不愿意打扫空间”，用比较级，在前面加less。故填less willing。 【7题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当季节发生变化时，那种沉闷感会减轻，我们也会重新获得活力，从而有动力对居住环境进行彻底的清洁。作表语，用形容词motivated。故填motivated。 【8题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：研究表明，清洁具有治愈作用，这一点从那些在社交媒体上风靡一时的“清洁达人”身上就可见一斑。定语从句修饰先行词cleanfluencers，在从句作主语，指人。故填who/that。 【9题详解】 考查介词。句意：起初只是观看一个简单的视频，但最终却往往会让观众们投入到自己的家务劳动中去。短语start as/with表示“开始于/以……开始”，故填as/with。 【10题详解】 考查祈使句。句意：如果你最近没去健身房的话，那就先在家里开始锻炼吧，比如先擦窗户和地板。此处为肯定祈使句，应填动词原形。故填start。 （五） （2025~2026学年奉贤区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A Risky Inoculation (预防接种) that Changed Russia Catherine the Great set out to define Russia as an extremely important power in Europe. Her rule remained stable ____1____ the year of 1768, when something began to threaten her people and her position — an ancient disease named smallpox. By the 18th century, smallpox ____2____ (become) particularly deadly. One in five people who caught it died. It was particularly dangerous for children, so parents would be advised not to count their children unless they survived smallpox. There was absolutely ____3____ that could be done. People tried keeping patients hot ____4____ (sweat) the disease out or even bleeding them, neither of which did any good. Since the 16th century, there had been inoculation ____5____ (practise) widely in China, the Middle East and Turkey. It involved a person being given a controlled dose (剂量) of the disease. A tiny drop of pus (脓液) from the spots of someone with the disease ____6____ (collect). Then the live virus was put into a cut on the arm of the healthy person. In 1767, a British doctor named Dinsdale published an instruction manual and introduced his way to inoculate safely. And that’s ____7____ he came to the attention of Catherine the Great. In the 1760s, inoculation wasn’t a common practice in Russia, a land ____8____ there was “enormous distrust” against it. Catherine made the brave decision to experiment with treatment first. She put her faith in science and her life in the hands of Dinsdale, ____9____ (call) for him in 1768 to treat her and her family. Catherine’s inoculation went so well that her experience encouraged her people to get inoculated, too. Indeed, her first experiment demonstrated great resolution and firmness of her mind. To her people, she projected an image of herself ____10____ a caring ruler. She was remembered for advancing public health in Russia and saving millions of lives. 【答案】1. until 2. had become 3. nothing 4. to sweat 5. practised 6. was collected 7. how 8. where 9. calling 10. as 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了叶卡捷琳娜大帝通过接种预防天花，改变了俄罗斯的历史进程。 【1题详解】 考查介词。句意：她的统治一直很稳定，直到1768年，一种名为天花的古老疾病开始威胁她的人民和她的地位。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到……为止”，需用介词until。故填until。 【2题详解】 考查时态。句意：到了18世纪，天花变得特别致命。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语By the 18th century可知，句子用过去完成时态，描述过去的过去，其结构为had done。故填had become。 【3题详解】 考查不定代词。句意：根本没有什么办法。根据后文“People tried keeping patients hot (4) (sweat) the disease out or even bleeding them, neither of which did any good.(人们试图让病人保持发热，以出汗排出疾病，甚至给他们放血，但都没有任何效果)”可知，此处表示“没有什么办法”，应用不定代词nothing。故填nothing。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们试图让病人保持发热，以出汗排出疾病，甚至给他们放血，但都没有任何效果。根据句意可知，此处表示“为了出汗排出疾病”，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to sweat。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：自16世纪以来，接种在中国、中东和土耳其广泛实行。本句已有谓语动词had been，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；逻辑主语inoculation和practise之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填practised。 【6题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：从病人身上的斑点上收集一小滴脓液。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据上下文可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时；主语a tiny drop of pus和collect之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，其结构为was/were+done，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was collected。 【7题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这就是他如何引起女皇注意的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句缺少方式状语，表示“如何引起叶卡捷琳娜大帝的注意”，应用连接副词how引导。故填how。 【8题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在18世纪60年代，接种在俄罗斯并不常见，那里的人们对接种“极度不信任”。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是land，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她相信科学，把自己的生命交到丁斯代尔手中，于1768年召见他为自己和家人治疗。本句已有谓语动词made，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；逻辑主语She和call之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填calling。 【10题详解】 考查介词。句意：在她的臣民面前，她树立了一个关心人民的统治者的形象。project an image as… 表示 “塑造……的形象”。故填as。 （六） （2025~2026学年崇明区二模） Dedicated to Dunhuang: A Life Inspired by Ancient Art Famous Chinese artist Chang Shana, the designer behind the decorative mural (壁画) on the ceiling of the banquet (宴会) hall of Beijing’s Great Hall of the People, and her father Chang Shuhong, who was also a famous artist, have dedicated their lives to preserving and promoting the art of Dunhuang. Her passion for Dunhuang ____1____ (inspire) by her father Chang Shuhong, often referred to as the pioneer of introducing Dunhuang art. In 1943, her father, then a promising artist who ____2____ (win) several medals in France, made up his mind to contribute to Dunhuang after reading about the cave art there. It wasn’t long ____3____ he moved to Dunhuang, a remote county in northwest China’s Gansu Province. ____4____ (travel) along rough roads for an entire month, in the fall of 1943, the family arrived at the dusty, yet exciting Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. In 1944, Chang Shuhong founded Dunhuang Art Institute, ____5____ is now known as Dunhuang Academy. He gave up the prospect of furthering his art career, and devoted himself to the protection and study of Dunhuang’s treasures. But this was so hard a task that his wife couldn’t bear the harsh conditions and left him. What’s worse, during the war, the government stopped ____6____ (fund) the Dunhuang Art Research Institute. Nevertheless, Chang Shana and her father stayed to continue their mission. Chang Shana made copies of the murals ____7____ the guidance of her father, researchers at the institute and visiting artists. She learned a lot about murals and ____8____ the styles for the murals had evolved. That experience has greatly influenced her career. Chang Shana later went to the US for further study and when she came back, she turned to industrial art, teaching at Tsinghua University. Chang has completed many key designs ____9____ (base) on Dunhuang murals, including the ceiling of the Great Hall of the People. For Chang, Dunhuang has become an inseparable part of her life. She’s now cooperating with an e-commerce platform to promote the sale of her work ____10____ (make) sure that the thousand-year-old art lives on. 【答案】1. was inspired 2. had won 3. before 4. Having traveled##Having travelled 5. which 6. funding 7. under 8. how 9. based 10. to make 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了中国著名艺术家常沙娜与其父亲常书鸿毕生致力于敦煌艺术的保护与传承的故事。 【1题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：她对敦煌的热爱受到父亲常书鸿的启发，常书鸿常被称为引入敦煌艺术的先驱。主语Her passion与inspire之间为被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为单数，故填was inspired。 【2题详解】 考查时态。句意：1943年，她的父亲当时还是一位在法国赢得过多枚奖牌的有前途的艺术家，在阅读了有关敦煌洞窟艺术的文章后，决心为敦煌做出贡献。根据时间状语In 1943以及语境可知，win这一动作发生在made up his mind之前，是过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had won。 【3题详解】 考查连词。句意：没过多久，他就搬到了中国西北甘肃省的一个偏远县城敦煌。It wasn’t long before...是固定句型，表示“没过多久就……”。故填before。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1943年秋天，这家人沿着崎岖的道路走了整整一个月，到达了尘土飞扬却令人兴奋的敦煌莫高窟。travel在句中作非谓语动词，travel这一动作发生在arrived之前，且与主语the family之间是主动关系，应用现在分词的完成式作状语。故填Having travel(l)ed。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1944年，常书鸿创办了敦煌艺术研究所，即现在的敦煌研究院。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Dunhuang Art Institute，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以使用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：更糟糕的是，战争期间，政府停止了对敦煌艺术研究院的资助。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”，所以空处应用动名词形式作宾语。故填funding。 【7题详解】 考查介词。句意：常沙娜在父亲、研究所的研究人员和来访艺术家的指导下临摹壁画。under the guidance of...是固定短语，表示“在……的指导下”。故填under。 【8题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：她了解了很多关于壁画的知识，以及壁画的风格是如何演变的。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，应用连接副词how引导该宾语从句。故填how。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：常完成了许多基于敦煌壁画的关键设计，包括人民大会堂的天花板。base在句中作定语，be based on表示“以……为基础”，所以空处应用过去分词形式作后置定语，修饰designs。故填based。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她现在正与一个电子商务平台合作推广她的作品，以确保这门千年艺术得以延续。make在句中作非谓语动词，此处表目的，应用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to make。 （七） （2025~2026学年长宁区二模） Blue zones Everyone wants to live a long, healthy life, and so it’s no surprise that researchers are looking into ways to make that happen. One approach is to study areas in which people have longer-than-average lives known as blue zones and see ___1___ these communities do to promote long life. Dan Buettner’s book The Blue Zones introduced the concept of blue zones — five regions spread out across three continents ___2___ people live unusually long and healthy lives. In one early phase of their research, researchers identified these places and marked ___3___ on a map with blue circles, which inspired the term blue zones. After identifying the blue zones, Buettner investigated their cultures, ___4___ (seek) insight into why their people are so healthy and long-lived. His team identified nine common lifestyle practices known as the “Power 9,” which create supportive environments that improve physical, mental and emotional health. ___5___ the details varied, a common feature in the diets of people in blue zones is that they follow primarily plant-based diets. Those who eat meat typically only do so four or five times a month. They also typically either fast regularly or limit the amount they eat. Additionally, they drink wine ___6___ moderation. Exercise is necessary for good health, but people in blue zones generally do not set aside time for exercise ___7___(plan) specifically for fitness, such as going to the gym. Instead, activity ___8___ (build) into daily life as they walk from place to place and do housework such as gardening and cleaning. Many families in blue zones live in homes where multiple generations reside together. This arrangement provides emotional and practical support for both the old and the young. And these communities are organized in a way that enables people ___9___ (find) social support beyond their biological family. In these tight-knit communities, the residents often look out for each other, which in turn ____10____ (strengthen) the social bonds that are essential for a long and healthy life. 【答案】1. what 2. where 3. them 4. seeking 5. Although##Though##While 6. in 7. planned 8. is built 9. to find 10. strengthens 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了蓝色地带概念，分析当地人长寿原因，包括饮食、运动及社交等方面。 【1题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：一种方法是研究那些人们寿命比平均寿命长的地区，即蓝色地带，看看这些社区做了什么来促进长寿。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【2题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：丹·布特纳的书《蓝色地带》介绍了蓝色地带的概念——分布在三大洲的五个地区，那里的人们过着异常长寿和健康的生活。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词five regions，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【3题详解】 考查代词。句意：在研究的早期阶段，研究人员确定了这些地方，并在地图上用蓝色圆圈标记了它们，这启发了“蓝色地带”一词。空处指代上文的复数名词these places，应用代词them作宾语。故填them。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在确定了蓝色地带之后，布特纳研究了他们的文化，试图深入了解为什么他们的人民如此健康和长寿。空处非谓语动词，seek和逻辑主语Buettner之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式seeking作状语。故填seeking。 【5题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然细节各不相同，但蓝色地带人们的饮食有一个共同特点，那就是他们主要遵循植物性饮食。结合句意可知，此处表示“虽然”，应用although/though/while引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【6题详解】 考查介词。句意：此外，他们适量饮酒。in moderation“适度”，固定短语。故填in。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：锻炼对健康是必要的，但蓝色地带的人们通常不会专门为健身而留出时间锻炼，比如去健身房。空处非谓语动词，plan和逻辑主语exercise之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式planned作后置定语。故填planned。 【8题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：相反，活动融入了他们的日常生活，他们从一个地方走到另一个地方，做家务，如园艺和清洁。空处为句子的谓语，根据walk可知，句子使用一般现在时，activity和build之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语activity是单数，be动词应用is。故填is built。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：并且这些社区的组织方式使人们能够在他们的亲生家庭之外找到社会支持。enable sb. to do sth.“使某人能够做某事”，固定短语。故填to find。 【10题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在这些紧密联系的社区里，居民们经常互相照顾，这反过来又加强了对于长寿和健康生活至关重要的社会联系。空处为句子的谓语，根据look可知，句子使用一般现在时，which指代上文整个句子，并在从句中作主语，从句谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填strengthens。 （八） （2025~2026学年静安区二模） Farmers need data to monitor and predict everything that goes into affecting their crops, from drought and flood conditions to soil health and temperature variations. But for many farmers, particularly ___1___ in developing nations, such facts and figures aren’t readily available. The problem is especially worrisome in Africa, where some 60% of the population ___2___ (engage) in small-scale farming. “Africa is still a most data-scarce continent,” says Kate Kallot, CEO and founder of Amini, ___3___environmental data firm founded in 2022. Much of the data is locked in paper files in government offices or only available through extremely expensive satellite providers, she says. ___4___ (fill) in the gap, Amini is collecting environmental data in Africa through technologies like satellite imagery, drones and IoT sensors, as well as from existing studies. The company then analyzes the raw data using artificial intelligence ___5___actionable information and recommendations can be provided for farmers, crop insurers, farm lenders and governments to improve agriculture on the continent. Amini can send ___6___ (automate) texts to farmers notifying them of situations like coming floods or spreading pest outbreaks, and it’s also increasingly using AI to be able to automatically respond to text queries about weather and other conditions. Amini has been working with HP (惠普) and Nvidia (英伟达) so far, both of ___7___ have provided workstations and GPU processing power that have enabled Amini to build efficient AI systems in Kenya. “___8___ (work) with Amini goes toward HP’s efforts to have an enduring impact,” says Jim Nottingham, senior vice president & division president of HP’s Advanced Compute & Solutions business. “It also offers proof of ___9___ HP customers can accomplish with the company’s technology. Workstation-based AI is not just valuable in places lacking local big data centers or having limited connectivity, but also in regions with strict data-security requirements.” The same data scarcity problems exist in other parts of the Global South, such as Latin America, the Caribbean, and Southeast Asia, so it’s likely that Amini’s technology will also have an impact ____10____ Africa. 【答案】1. those 2. is engaged 3. an 4. To fill 5. so that 6. automated 7. which 8. Working 9. what 10. beyond 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了发展中国家农民缺乏农业相关数据，非洲问题尤为突出。Amini借助科技与AI收集分析环境数据，助力农业发展，其技术未来或将惠及更多地区。 【1题详解】 考查代词。句意：但对于许多农民而言，尤其是那些来自发展中国家的农民来说，这类数据和信息往往难以获取。此处为同类异物特指，指“发展中国家的那些农民”用代词those。故填those。 【2题详解】 考查短语。句意：这一问题在非洲尤为令人担忧，因为该地区约 60%的人口从事着小规模农业生产。population作主语表整体，谓语用单数，be engaged in表示“从事”，陈述事实用一般现在时。故填is engaged。 【3题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“非洲仍然是一个数据极度匮乏的地区，”阿米尼公司的首席执行官兼创始人凯特·卡洛特说道。该公司成立于2022年，是一家专注于环境数据的公司。此处firm为泛指，且environmental是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了填补这一空白，阿米尼正在利用卫星图像、无人机和物联网传感器等技术以及现有研究资料，收集非洲地区的环境数据。此处fill作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填To fill。 【5题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：随后，该公司利用人工智能对原始数据进行分析，以便为农民、农作物保险公司、农场贷款方以及政府提供可操作的信息和建议，从而促进非洲大陆农业的发展。引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”用so that。故填so that。 【6题详解】 考查形容词。句意：阿米尼公司能够向农民发送自动短信，告知他们诸如即将发生的洪水或虫害爆发等状况。而且该公司还越来越多地利用人工智能技术，能够自动回复有关天气和其他情况的短信咨询。修饰名词texts用形容词automated，作定语。故填automated。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：阿米尼目前一直与惠普和英伟达合作，这两家公司都提供了工作站和图形处理器运算能力，这使得阿米尼能够在肯尼亚构建高效的人工智能系统。此处为介词+关系代词非限制性定语从句，先行词为HP and Nvidia，指物用which。故填which。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：惠普高级计算与解决方案业务部的高级副总裁兼部门总裁吉姆·诺丁汉表示：“与阿米尼合作有助于实现惠普的持久影响。”作主语，用动名词，首字母大写。故填Working。 【9题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这也证明了惠普的客户能够凭借公司的技术取得怎样的成就。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，故用what。故填what。 【10题详解】 考查介词。句意：同样的数据匮乏问题也存在于全球南部的其他地区，比如拉丁美洲、加勒比地区和东南亚，所以阿米尼的这项技术很可能也会在非洲以外的地区产生影响。此处意为“影响力延伸至非洲以外地区”应用介词beyond。故填beyond。 （九） （2025~2026学年宝山区二模） Notre-Dame de Paris After a disastrous fire, this ancient site is now fully restored. On April 15, 2019, the people of Paris, France, were shocked to see the Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral in flames. The cathedral ____1____ (stand) for hundreds of years, but the fire nearly destroyed it. Hundreds of firefighters fought to save the building, but the fire still did extensive damage. Since then, the building has been closed for repairs, but this Sunday, it ____2____ (schedule) to be open to the public once more. Notre-Dame took nearly two centuries to build, from 1163 to 1345, and even after its completion, new features continued ____3____ (add). Repairs to the representative cathedral were done with careful accuracy, using methods from ____4____ original construction in the Middle Ages. Notre-Dame is an amazing example of Gothic architecture. The builders of Gothic cathedrals thought of their buildings as places where people go to meet with God, so they tried to make the buildings look like heaven. This means the cathedrals all have tall ceilings ____5____ (support) by columns, with large windows that are made of colored glass. As a result, the buildings are filled with colored light, which is intended to call to mind descriptions of heaven that say it has streets full of gold. Images of cathedrals like Notre-Dame ____6____ convey part of their beauty and splendor, but they don't compare with the experience of seeing them in person. In the late 18th century, popular resentment (怨恨) against the French upper class exploded into a revolution. The revolutionaries associated the Christian establishment with the king they despised (鄙视), so they ransacked (洗劫) Notre-Dame along with many other churches. Shortly after the revolution, some repairs were made, but the cathedral was still ____7____ bad shape. The cathedral's disrepair partly inspired Victor Hugo's famous novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame. This novel, much of which takes place inside the cathedral, was so popular ____8____ it inspired a major repair of the cathedral. The architect who planned the repairs took some creative license, adding features rather than ____9____ (restore) the cathedral to its original appearance. But the result was a beautiful building, which for a time was the most popular tourist attraction in France. In 2018 more repair work began, intended to change some deterioration (恶化) that had taken place over time. It was during the repairing project that the fire started. The April 2019 fire destroyed the entire roof and much of the structure's original frame. But a few important pieces were amazingly spared. The fire forced the government to perform more extensive repairs ____10____ had been planned, but the work is now complete. Now people can once again visit this architectural wonder and marvel at its beauty, its history and (for some) its spiritual significance. 【答案】1. had stood 2. is scheduled 3. to be added 4. its 5. supported 6. can 7. in 8. that 9. restoring 10. than 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了巴黎圣母院的历史、建筑特色、经历的破坏与修复过程。 【1题详解】 考查时态。句意：这座大教堂已经矗立了数百年，但这场大火几乎将其摧毁。根据语境可知，stand这一动作发生在“the fire nearly destroyed it”之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had stood。 【2题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：从那以后，这座建筑一直关闭进行维修，但这个星期天，它计划再次向公众开放。根据语境可知，此处表示按计划或安排要做的事，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是it，be动词用is。故填is scheduled。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：圣母院从1163年到1345年花了近两个世纪才建成，即使在完工后，新的特色仍在不断添加。continue to do sth.为固定用法，意为“继续做某事”，add与new features之间是被动关系，应用动词不定式的被动式。故填to be added。 【4题详解】 考查代词。句意：对这座具有代表性的大教堂的修复工作做得非常精确，采用了中世纪原始建筑的方法。此处指代“巴黎圣母院的”，修饰后面的名词短语original construction，应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这意味着大教堂都有由柱子支撑的高高的天花板，还有由彩色玻璃制成的大窗户。support与其逻辑主语ceilings之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填supported。 【6题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：像圣母院这样的大教堂的图片可以传达出它们的一部分美丽和辉煌，但与亲眼看到它们的体验相比，还是有所不及。根据语境可知，此处表示“能够，可以”，应用情态动词can，后接动词原形convey，说明图片可以展现出建筑的部分特质。故填can。 【7题详解】 考查介词。句意：革命后不久，进行了一些修复工作，但大教堂仍然状况不佳。in bad shape为固定短语，意为“状况不佳”。故填in。 【8题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：这部小说大部分以大教堂内部为背景，非常受欢迎，以至于它激发了对大教堂的一次重大修复。so...that...为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：规划修复工作的建筑师发挥了一些创造性，添加了一些特色，而不是将大教堂恢复到原来的外观。rather than连接两个并列的成分，此处与adding并列，应用动词ing形式。故填restoring。 【10题详解】 考查比较级。句意：这场大火迫使政府进行了比原计划更广泛的修复工作，但现在这项工作已经完成。根据more extensive可知，此处应用than表示比较。故填than。 （十） （2025~2026学年普陀区二模） Seeing is Believing Have you ever looked up at clouds on a summer’s day and seen a face looking back at you? Or spotted the “man in the moon” smiling down at you at night? Or noticed eyes and a smile on the front of a car? If you have, you’re ____1____ good company. The name for this phenomenon — our ability to see meaningful images in random places or things — is paredolia. Seeing faces in everyday objects is one of its most common forms. Several theories have tried to explain pareidolia. One is that it is a survival mechanism. The lives of our ancestors often turned to ____2____ (distinguish) quickly between friends and enemies, so our brains adapted to detect faces everywhere. In 2014, Dr. Kang Lee, a scientist at the University of Toronto in Canada who studies how young people’s brains work, ____3____ (propose) a different theory. He said that seeing faces in everyday objects is the result of the brain communicating that information back to ____4____. The brain, in fact, imagines a face and “tells” the eyes to see it. Dr Lee scanned the people’s brains while showing them a series of grainy images, some of ____5____ contained hidden faces. He then asked the participants, “Do you see a face?” Once they were asked the question, people answered yes 34% of the time, ____6____ there was no face. What’s more, if participants reported seeing a face, the visual cortex of their brain-the part of the brain which functions ____7____ (process) information from the eyes-lit up. Dr. Lee concluded that a lot of things we see in the world ____8____ (create) not by our sight but by our minds. ____9____ you know some of the tricks your mind can play, why not take another look up at the clouds and see what you can find? Perhaps a camel or a fox will emerge — or maybe you’ll see someone you know, ____10____ (recognize) in the soft, floating shapes above. And who knows? Maybe you’ll come up with something entirely new. 【答案】1. in 2. distinguishing 3. proposed 4. itself 5. which 6. though##although##while 7. to process 8. are created 9. Because##Since 10. recognized 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“空想性错视”这一心理现象，解释其成因并展示相关科学研究结论。 【1题详解】 考查介词。句意：如果你有过这种经历，那你并不孤单。此处为固定搭配in good company，意为“与众人一样、并不孤单”，所以用介词in。故填in。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的祖先的生存常常依赖于能迅速区分朋友和敌人，因此大脑进化出到处识别人脸的能力。此处位于固定短语turn to后，to为介词，后接动名词形式，所以用distinguishing。故填distinguishing。 【3题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：2014年，加拿大多伦多大学研究青少年大脑运作的科学家李康博士提出了另一种理论。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语In 2014可知，描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以用proposed。故填proposed。 【4题详解】 考查代词。句意：他表示，在日常物品中看到人脸是大脑将信息回传给自身的结果。此处指代the brain，表示“它自己”，所以用反身代词itself。故填itself。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：李博士给受试者观看一系列模糊图像，其中一些隐藏着人脸，同时扫描他们的大脑。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词images指物，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。 【6题详解】 考查连词。句意：一旦被问到这个问题，即使没有人脸，人们也有34%的概率回答看到了。此处表示让步关系，意为“即使、虽然”，所以用连词though/although/while。故填though/although/while。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，如果受试者称看到人脸，他们大脑中负责处理眼部信息的视觉皮层就会被激活。此处为固定搭配function to do sth.，意为“起……作用、用于做某事”，所以用动词不定式to process作宾语。故填to process。 【8题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：李博士得出结论：“我们在世界上看到的很多事物并非由视觉造就，而是由大脑创造。”此处为谓语动词，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语a lot of things与create为被动关系，且主语为名词复数，所以用are created。故填are created。 【9题详解】 考查连词。句意：既然/因为你知道了大脑会玩的一些小把戏，不妨再抬头看看云朵，看看能发现什么。此处表示原因，意为“既然，因为”，引导原因状语从句，且位于句首，首字母大写，所以用连词Because/Since。故填Because/Since。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：或许会浮现出一只骆驼或狐狸，又或许你会在上方柔软漂浮的形状中认出某个认识的人。此处为非谓语动词，someone与recognize为被动关系，所以用过去分词recognized表被动。故填recognized。 （十一） （2025~2026学年杨浦区二模） Latest Gadgets (小器具) on Display The Consumer Electronics Show CES, which took place between 7 and 10 January, gave the world a fascinating look at the technology of the future. The event is held annually and gives companies the chance to show off cutting-edge gadgets and extraordinary machines, some of ____1____ are already in shops. Artificial intelligence AI served as a ____2____ (define) characteristic for numerous items on display this year. One of the stars of the show was the Ropet, a robotic pet that expresses emotions, ____3____ (remember) faces and can chat in different languages. Thanks to a camera built into its nose, it can detect and react to human emotions, and it understands gestures ____4____ a finger to the lips to ask it to be quiet. It could be appealing to someone who wants a pet, but is unable to look after a real ____5____. There were plenty of devices on display that are designed to help people around the home. These included a robotic vacuum cleaner. This kind of thing isn’t all that new, but the Roborock Saros Z70 has an extra feature: an arm with a pair of pincers (钳子) that it ____6____ use to pick socks, underpants and other things off the floor as it moves around the home. Another device meant for the home is the Smart Indoor Garden, ____7____ it looks like something you might see on a spaceship. ____8____ (ensure) that plants grow well in the futuristic-looking capsule, the device creates a cloud of water droplets containing nutrients. It allows people to grow vegetables, herbs and flowers all year round with little effort ____9____  (invest). There was lots of technology that people could wear, too, including several different types of smart glasses. The exhibit also demonstrated _____10_____ wearable technology could achieve in healthcare. 【答案】1. which 2. defining 3. remembers 4. like 5. one 6. can 7. and 8. To ensure 9. invested 10. what 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了拉斯维加斯消费电子展呈现未来科技，AI成主旋律：情感机器宠物Ropet、带机械臂的扫地机器人Roborock、太空舱式智能室内花园及多款可穿戴设备，彰显智能家居与健康管理新趋势。 【1题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：该展会每年举办一次，为各公司提供了展示前沿产品和非凡设备的机会，其中一些产品已经上市销售。该空需要一个关系词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面名词gadgets and extraordinary machines，并指代先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，先行词为表示事物的名词，应填which。故填which。 【2题详解】 考查形容词。句意：今年展出的众多产品都具备人工智能（AI）这一关键特性。该空为名词characteristic的定语，提示词define为动词，其派生的形容词defining意为“典型的；起决定性作用的”符合题意。故填defining。 【3题详解】 考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：本次展会上的亮点之一是“罗佩特”机器人宠物，它能表达情感、记住面孔并且能用多种语言交流。动词remember在句中作谓语与前面expresses并列，句子叙述客观事实应使用一般现在时，that指代单数名词pet作主语，应使用单三形式。故填remembers 。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：其鼻子内置的摄像头使它能够感知并回应人类的情绪，还能理解诸如用手指触唇来要求安静这样的手势。该空后的a finger to the lips是前面gestures的一个具体的例子，应填介词like。故填like。 【5题详解】 考查代词。句意：对于那些想要拥有一只宠物但又无法照顾真实宠物的人来说，它可能颇具吸引力。该空需要一个代词指代前面的单数名词pet作宾语，应填one。故填one。 【6题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：这类产品并非全新的事物，但 Roborock Saros Z70有一个额外的功能：带有钳子的机械臂，它可以在家中移动时使用这些钳子从地板上捡起袜子、内裤和其他物品。该空是that引导的定语从句中的谓语部分，it为主语，关系词that指代先行词pincers作动词use的宾语，主语是单数名词，谓语动词use使用了原形可知，应该是和情态动词连用，此处是表示这款机器人的一个功能表示“它能够使用这个钳子”，应填can。故填can。 【7题详解】 考查连词。句意：另一种面向家庭使用的设备是“智能室内花园”，它看起来就像你可能会在宇宙飞船中看到的东西。该空需要一个连词连接两个句子，空前和空后的两个句子不存在主从关系，为并列关系。故填and。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保植物能在这个具有未来感的容器中茁壮成长，该设备会制造出含有营养物质的水滴云。动词ensure在句中作目的状语，应使用动词不定式形式，并注意句首字母大写。故填To ensure。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们只需付出很少的努力就能全年种植蔬菜、香草和花卉。动词invest在句中作后置定语修饰名词effort，与所修饰的名词为被动关系，努力被投入，应使用过去分词形式。故填invested。 【10题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：该展览还展示了可穿戴技术在医疗保健领域所能实现的效果。该空需要一个连接词引导宾语从句作动词demonstrated的宾语，并指代事物在从句中作achieve的宾语，应填what。故填what。 （十二） （2025~2026学年嘉定区二模） Why Book-to-Film Adaptations Often Disappoint When a beloved book is adapted into a film, fans often experience a mix of excitement and anxiety. They look forward to seeing a familiar story on screen but worry that the film might not live up to the images they have imagined while reading. This reaction arises from how we read. For many, novels are not just stories; they are visual experiences ____1____ (carry) in the mind. Reading involves ____2____ (create) mental images of characters, settings, and events. These images, ____3____ they are general or detailed, form part of the enjoyment of reading. We rarely notice them until there is something wrong with them. Once a film version doesn’t match our imagined images, disappointment follows. We might find ourselves thinking, “That’s not how I ____4____ (picture) it.” Interestingly, this isn’t new. It has existed ____5____ the long history of storytelling. In the 19th century, when illustrations started appearing in books, readers began to feel a similar discomfort. The visual representations in books, such as those in Charles Dickens’ novels, were seen as a threat to readers’ mental imagery. Once an illustration had been seen by a reader, the character or scene was likely ____6____ (imagine) differently. Yet not everyone felt disappointed by illustrations. For people ____7____ struggle to visualize while reading, illustrations could enhance their experience. Around 4% of the population lacks the ability to turn words into pictures, and for them, illustrations in books or films may be more enjoyable, ____8____ they have no pre-existing images to compare them to. For most of us who do visualize, though, the gap between what a film shows and our mental images can lead to disappointment. However, this doesn’t mean the film is a failure. Instead, it offers an insight into ____9____ personal our engagement with novels really is. Therefore, rather than criticize an adaptation, we ____10____ reflect on why it differs from our imagined version and what that reveals about our perceptions. 【答案】1. carried 2. creating 3. whether 4. have pictured##pictured 5. throughout 6. to be imagined 7. who##that 8. because##for##since##as 9. how 10. ought to##should 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要探讨了书改电影常令人失望的原因，核心在于读者阅读时在脑海中构建的私人画面与影视呈现之间的差距。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：对许多人而言，小说不仅仅是故事，更是在脑海中呈现的视觉体验。句中已有谓语动词are，故空处需填非谓语动词，此处修饰名词visual experiences，作后置定语，且carry(承载)与experiences之间是被动关系，需用过去分词。故填carried。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：阅读包含在脑海中构建人物、场景和事件的心像。固定搭配involve doing sth. 意为“包含 / 需要做某事”，需用动名词形式作宾语。故填creating。 【3题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：这些画面，无论笼统还是细致，都构成了阅读乐趣的一部分。固定结构whether...or... 意为 “无论…… 还是……”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境。故填whether。 【4题详解】 考查现在完成时。句意：我们可能会想：“这可不是我原本一直想象的样子。” 此处强调从过去阅读开始到现在，心中一直存在的那个“想象”，与现在的电影画面形成对比，需用现在完成时强调动作的持续或对现在的影响。也可以表示过去的想象，用一般过去时。故填have pictured/pictured。 【5题详解】 考查介词。句意：这在漫长的叙事史中一直存在。用介词throughout表示“贯穿、遍及整个历史”。故填throughout。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦读者看过一幅插图，这个人物或场景很可能就会被以不同的方式去想象了。be likely to do sth.意为 “可能做某事”；且主语character or scene与imagine之间是被动关系，需用不定式的被动式。故填to be imagined。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：对于那些阅读时难以构建心像的人来说，插图可以提升他们的体验。空处引导定语从句，先行词是people，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 【8题详解】 考查原因状语从句。句意：约有4%的人无法将文字转化为画面，对他们而言，书中或电影里的插图可能更令人愉悦，因为他们没有预先存在的心像可以与之对比。后半句是解释前半句原因的原因状语从句，because/for/since/as 均可表示原因。故填because/for/since/as。 【9题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：相反，它让我们深刻认识到，我们与小说的互动是多么个人化。此处是感叹句作宾语从句，修饰形容词personal，需用how引导，构成“How + adj./adv. + 主语 + 谓语！”的结构。故填how。 【10题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：因此，与其批评改编作品，我们应该思考一下它为何与我们想象的版本不同，以及这反映出我们的认知是怎样的。此处表示建议或责任，与上一句的Therefore相呼应，ought to/should意为 “应该”，符合语境。故填ought to/should。 （十三） （2025~2026学年黄浦区二模） There Are No Rules for Success “It’s the Worst Time to Be a College Graduate in Years,” reads a Newsweek headline. For 22-to 30-year old computer-science graduates, employment has been falling. Why? Is it ChatGPT? Late in the economic cycle? No matter, the unwritten social contract for success that ___1___ (impress) upon you — good grades, job loyalty, retirement account — feels completely broken. It may be time to create your own job. Careers ___2___ were once safe are now risky: marketers, some programmers, maybe even lawyers. At the same time, surfing the waves of progress to ___3___ the world is headed is less risky than you think. Progress comes through surprises, not rules, with inventions no one ___4___ (think) possible. The telescope opened the skies. Gene (基因) editing was hard until Crispr technology simplified it. And it’s been less than three years ___5___ ChatGPT shocked the world with what it could do. Machine learning was researched for decades with little result, until back-propagation allowed voice and facial recognition. ___6___ of these were invented by following the rules, but by coloring outside the lines. Ignore those who tell you to take “___7___ (calculate) risks.” It’s the greatness of risk that provides the potential reward. Do you need universities? It is noted that college graduates have the same jobless rate as those who didn’t get a college degree. So why go? Since 2011, the Thiel Fellowship has paid smart young people $200,000 over two years ___8___ (build) new things instead of sitting in a classroom. I asked Peter Thiel how it was going. He pointed to more than 300 fellows who have created $750 billion ___9___ value. No one knows what’s next. The best way to predict the future is to invent it. You’ll make mistakes. You might even fail. So what? If your brain still functions, you can keep ____10____ (go) until you find success that surprises the world. There are no rules. Do your thing. Accomplish something. 【答案】1. has been impressed 2. that##which 3. where 4. thought 5. since 6. None 7. calculated 8. to build 9. in 10. going 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了在当下就业环境变化下，成功没有规则，鼓励人们创造自己的工作、勇于冒险、发明未来。 【1题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：那些潜移默化灌输给你、不成文的成功社会契约 —— 优异的成绩、对工作的忠诚、退休储蓄 —— 似乎彻底瓦解了。本空为that引导的定语从句的谓语，impress这一动作发生在过去且对现在有影响，应用现在完成时，且主语the unwritten social contract与impress为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has been impressed。 【2题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：曾经安全的职业现在也有风险：市场营销人员、一些程序员，甚至可能是律师。空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Careers，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词that或者which引导。故填that/which。 【3题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：与此同时，顺着进步的浪潮走向世界前进的方向，其风险比你想象的要小。介词to后为宾语从句，从句缺少地点状语，用where“……的地方/方向”引导。故填where。 【4题详解】 考查时态。句意：进步是通过惊喜而非规则实现的，有些发明是人们从未想过可能的。inventions后为定语从句，本空为从句谓语，think这一动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填thought。 【5题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：ChatGPT向世界展示其能力以来还不到三年。固定句型：It has been + 一段时间 + since...表示“自从……以来已有多久”。故填 since。 【6题详解】 考查代词。句意：这些发明都不是通过遵守规则，而是通过打破常规创造出来的。根据上文“The telescope opened the skies. Gene (基因) editing was hard until Crispr technology simplified it. And it’s been less than three years...ChatGPT shocked the world with what it could do. Machine learning was researched for decades with little result, until back-propagation allowed voice and facial recognition.”可知，上文列举了多个发明创造，句子为否定句，应用不定代词none，表示“三者及以上都不”，句首单词首字母大写。故填None。 【7题详解】 考查形容词。句意：不要理会那些让你去进行“权衡利弊的稳妥冒险”的人。本空修饰名词 risks，需用形容词calculated“精心估算的，权衡过的”，作定语。故填calculated。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：自2011年以来，Thiel奖学金在两年内向聪明的年轻人支付了20万美元，让他们创造新事物，而不是坐在教室里。本空作目的状语，应用不定式形式to build。故填to build。 【9题详解】 考查介词。句意：他指出，有300多名研究员创造了7500亿美元的价值。in value为固定短语，意为“在价值上”。故填in。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你的大脑仍然能正常运转，你可以继续前进，直到你找到让世界惊讶的成功。keep doing...为固定短语，意为“继续做……”，用动名词作宾语。故填going。 （十四） （2025~2026学年虹口区二模） Old, but Good Listening to new music is hard. Not hard compared to space travel, but hard compared to listening to music we already know. Those of us who have settled into adult life often don’t listen to new music. With work, bills, children and life ____1____ (come) into play, it’s easy to let go of the act of discovery. Eventually, we bow our heads and reach a stage ____2____ most music becomes something to remember rather than something to experience. Most people have all the songs they could ever need already by the time they turn 30. And ____3____ _________ we have an online music platform, we can easily take ourselves back to our youth, when life was simpler. Why jump off a mountain hoping that you ____4____ (rescue) on the way down by your new favourite album when you can stay safe with your old playlist? Why spend time on something you ____5____ still even end up disliking? From music to clothing brands, we love the things we know because we know them, and therefore we love them. But there is a physiological explanation in our desire to seek comfort in ____6____ familiar. It has something ____7____ (do) with our brains. Our brains change as they recognise new patterns in the world, which is ____8____ makes brains useful. When it comes to listening to music, a network of nerves in the part of the brain that processes sounds ____9____ (help) catalogue the different patterns of music. When ____10____ (match) with a familiar pattern, a sound stimulates our brains to release dopamine — the chemical behind some of our strongest emotions. That’s why music can move us so deeply. 【答案】1. coming 2. where 3. now that##seeing that 4. will be rescued 5. might##may 6. the 7. to do 8. what 9. helps 10. matched 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了成年人倾向于听老歌的原因，包括生活忙碌、对新事物的不确定性以及大脑对新旧音乐的反应差异等。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着工作、账单、孩子和生活的出现，我们很容易放弃探索的行为。空处是非谓语动词，with的复合结构中，work，bills，children and life和come之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作宾语补足语。故填coming。 【2题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：最终，我们低下头，进入一个阶段，在这个阶段，大多数音乐成为需要被记住的东西，而不是需要体验的东西。空处引导定语从句，先行词是stage，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【3题详解】 考查原因状语从句。句意：既然/鉴于我们有了一个在线音乐平台，就能轻易重温青春岁月，那时的生活更加简单。本空表示“既然，由于”，用now that引导原因状语从句。也可以表示“鉴于，既然”用seeing that，引导原因状语从句。故填now that/seeing that。 【4题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：当你可以安全地听老歌时，为什么要冒险跳下悬崖，希望在下降的过程中被你最喜欢的新专辑拯救呢？空处在hope的宾语从句中作谓语，此处表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时，且主语you和rescue之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态will be rescued。故填will be rescued。 【5题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：为什么要花时间在那些你可能最终仍然不喜欢的东西上呢？本空表示不确定的推测，意为“或许，可能”，用情态动词might/may。故填might/may。 【6题详解】 考查冠词。句意：但是，我们渴望在熟悉的事物中寻求安慰是有生理学解释的。“the+形容词”表示一类人或事物，the familiar意为“熟悉的事物”。故填the。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这与我们的大脑有关。have something to do with是固定短语，意为“与……有关”。故填to do。 【8题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：我们的大脑在识别世界上的新模式时会发生变化，这就是大脑有用的原因。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【9题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当涉及到听音乐时，大脑中处理声音的部分的一组神经有助于对音乐的不同模式进行分类。本句陈述科学事实，应用一般现在时，主语a network of nerves表示单数意义，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式helps。故填helps。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当与熟悉的模式匹配时，声音会刺激我们的大脑释放多巴胺——这种化学物质是我们一些最强烈情感的背后原因。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词，此处match与逻辑主语a sound之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式，状语从句完整句子为“When it is matched with a familiar pattern”，省略it is，保留过去分词。故填matched。 （十五） （2025~2026学年徐汇区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. By the dawn of the 2030s, the concept of "memory implantation" had shifted from science fiction to reality. No longer a mere fantasy, it had become a sophisticated neural procedure to enhance human recall, (1)_______ (allow) individuals to access detailed, lifelong memories with photographic precision. This was achieved by implanting a biocompatible chip into the hippocampus (海马体) that interfaced directly with the brain's natural encoding processes. The procedure itself was remarkably delicate. It involved mapping the patient's existing neural pathways, synthesizing a personalized memory template (模板), and embedding it through a series of precisely timed electrical pulses. These artificial memory traces (2)_______ (standardize) to integrate seamlessly (无缝地) with the subject's authentic recollections. Once the initial integration was complete, the brain's neuroplasticity took over, strengthening the new synaptic (突触的) connections over a period of weeks. (3) _______ (minimize) the risk of identity confusion, most patients underwent the procedure in a controlled therapeutic setting, (4) _______ a few adventurous individuals chose to do so in specialized private clinics. The adaptation phase was a profound psychological journey. Recipients were initially overwhelmed by the sudden influx (汇集) of vivid, detailed scenes from "lives they had never lived." They (5) _______ suddenly recall the specific texture of a Renaissance painting they had only read about, the exact emotion of a childhood memory belonging to someone else, or the entire lexicon of a language they had never studied. Patients underwent intensive cognitive therapy to distinguish between endogenous (内生的) and implanted memories, and their sense of self, guided by neural synchronization protocols (神经同步协议), (6) _______ (expand) to incorporate this new internal narrative. The motivations for (7) _______ (seek) the augmentation (增强) were as complex as the memories it provided. Many pursued it for intellectual growth. Historians could immerse themselves in primary sources with unparalleled empathy, engineers could access a lifetime of accumulated expertise in weeks, and artists could draw upon a synthesized well of cross-cultural creative inspiration. The ability to directly experience a historical event or a master artist's creative process (8) _______ promised to unlock new heights of human innovation. In education, its impact was transformative. Students could gain a working understanding of complex subjects (9) _______ theoretical physics or ancient philosophy in a fraction of the traditional time, and augmented mentors could tailor educational memories to a learner's unique cognitive style, fostering a new era of hyper-personalized learning. While some critics worried about the erosion of authentic experience or the potential for abuse, proponents hailed it as the ultimate tool for empathy. In an increasingly polarized world, this augmentation was championed as a path to profound mutual understanding. It offered a way to truly walk in another's shoes, fostering a depth of compassion which was previously unattainable—a shared cognitive ground that promised to unite rather than divide, making those who underwent it feel (10) _______ (deeply) connected to the breadth of human experience than those who didn’t. 答案 allowing 2. were standardized 3. To minimize 4. while 5. could/would expanded 7. seeking 8. that/which 9. like 10. more deeply 解析 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕 “记忆植入” 技术展开，介绍了该技术从科幻走向现实、操作流程、心理适应、应用动机、教育领域变革及社会争议，展现了技术对人类认知与共情能力的影响。 【1 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：到 21 世纪 30 年代初，“记忆植入” 的概念已从科幻变为现实。它不再是单纯的幻想，而是一种精密的神经技术，用于提升人类记忆力，让人们能以过目不忘的精准度获取详尽的终身记忆。此处逻辑主语 it（记忆植入技术）与 allow 为主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语。故填 allowing。 【2 题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：这些人工记忆痕迹被标准化，以无缝融入受试者的真实记忆。主语 traces 与 standardize 为被动关系，结合全文过去时语境，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 were standardized。 【3 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了将身份混淆的风险降到最低，大多数患者在受控的治疗环境中接受手术，而少数大胆的人选择在专业私人诊所进行。此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填 To minimize。 【4 题详解】 考查连词。句意：为了将身份混淆的风险降到最低，大多数患者在受控的治疗环境中接受手术，而少数大胆的人选择在专业私人诊所进行。前后为对比关系，连词 while 表 “然而、而”。故填 while。 【5 题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：他们能够突然回忆起仅在书中读过的文艺复兴画作的具体质感、他人童年记忆的真切情绪，或是从未学过的一门语言的全部词汇。此处表 “能够、可以”，过去语境下用 could/would。故填 could/would。 【6 题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：患者接受强化认知治疗，区分原生记忆与植入记忆，他们的自我认知在神经同步协议的引导下得到拓展，融入了这段全新的内心叙事。主语 sense of self 与 expand 为被动关系，结合过去时语境，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 expanded。 【7 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：寻求这种记忆增强技术的动机，和它提供的记忆本身一样复杂。介词 for 后接动名词作宾语。故填 seeking。 【8 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：直接体验历史事件或大师创作过程的能力，有望解锁人类创新的新高度。先行词为 ability，定语从句中缺主语，指物，用 that/which 引导。故填 that/which。 【9 题详解】 考查介词。句意：在教育领域，它带来了变革性影响。学生能在极短时间内掌握诸如理论物理、古代哲学等复杂学科的实用知识。此处表举例，介词 like 意为 “像、诸如”。故填 like。 【10 题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：它提供了一种真正换位思考的方式，培养了前所未有的共情深度 —— 这种共通的认知纽带有望凝聚而非分裂，让接受过手术的人比未接受者更深刻地感受到与人类广博经验的联结。句中 than 提示用比较级，deeply 为副词，比较级为 more deeply。故填 more deeply。 （十六） （2025~2026学年青浦区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. “Unhappy” Horse Drives New Year Sales Boom On 17 February 2026, China welcomed the Year of the Horse, which symbolizes energy and diligence. But the huge success of a faulty toy suggests that many Chinese are not feeling the festive atmosphere. A red horse toy produced by Happy Sister in the city of Yiwu in the east of China (1) ________ (mean) to wear a broad smile, but a factory error meant it hit the shops, wearing a worried look. Because the smile was placed upside down, the horse’s nostrils (鼻孔) (2) ________ be interpreted as tears. Despite the error, the toy went viral on social media. People joked that the crying horse is how you look at work, while the smiling one is how you look (3) ________ work. By mid-February, the owner of Happy Sister said she was receiving daily orders of more than 15,000 units, causing the extra production lines (4) ________ (introduce) immediately. The small workshop, which had struggled with slow sales for months, suddenly found (5) ________ flooded with orders and struggling to keep up with demand. Many Chinese white-collar workers have endured the 996 system, (6) ________ employees are required to work from 9 am to 9 pm, six days a week. Though the practice was banned in 2021 after an employee died suddenly from a late-night shift, long overtime hours are still common today. Jacob Cooke, CEO of an e-commerce firm, said, “Consumer products and internet memes (网络梗) serve as a channel for people to discuss work pressure, a connection showing (7) ________ formal communications often fail to convey.” The crying horse is a perfect example of this, as it gives workers an alternative way to express their tiredness (8) ________ ________ they are criticized for voicing their true feelings directly. Meanwhile, orders for the “crying horse” have poured in worldwide, with its image (9) ________ (expect) to appear on various products. The owner never found out who sewed the horse’s smile on upside down. “Since we can’t figure out exactly (10) ________ mistake it was, we will just give everyone a bonus,” she said. 【答案】1. was meant/had been meant 2. could/might 3. after/off 4. to be introduced 5. itself 6. where 7. what/something 8. in case 9. expected 10. whose 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了义乌某厂家生产的一款“哭泣的马”玩具因工厂失误意外走红，不仅引发社交媒体热议，还带动销量暴涨，折射出当下职场人面临的工作压力，同时该玩具也走向全球，成为一种特殊的文化现象。 【1题详解】 考查固定搭配和时态语态。句意：中国东部义乌市“快乐姐姐”生产的一款红色马玩具本应带着灿烂的笑容，但由于工厂失误，它带着担忧的表情流入市场。固定搭配be meant to do sth. 表示“本应做某事”；结合后文“but a factory error meant it hit the shops”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语a red horse toy为单数，故填was meant；也可表示“在工厂失误之前就本应带着笑容”，用过去完成时的被动语态，填had been meant。故填was meant/had been meant。 【2题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：因为笑容被颠倒了，马的鼻孔可能被解读为眼泪。结合句意，此处表示“可能、能够”，could和might均符合语境，表推测，语气较为委婉，符合上下文逻辑。故填could/might。 【3题详解】 考查介词。句意：人们开玩笑说，哭泣的马是你工作时的样子，而微笑的马是你下班后/工作之外的样子。结合前文“at work”（工作时），此处应表示对比，“after work”（下班后）或“off work”（不工作时）均符合语境，体现职场人与非工作状态的反差。故填after/off。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：到二月中旬，“快乐姐姐”的老板说她每天接到超过1.5万件订单，这使得额外的生产线不得不立即被引进。固定搭配cause sth. to be done，表示“导致某物被……”，production lines与introduce之间为被动关系，故用不定式的被动形式。故填to be introduced。 【5题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：这个几个月来一直销量低迷的小作坊，突然发现自己被订单淹没，难以满足需求。此处指代主语the small workshop自身，用反身代词itself，符合“作坊自身被订单淹没”的语境。故填itself。 【6题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：许多中国白领忍受着996制度，在这种制度下，员工被要求从早上9点工作到晚上9点，一周工作6天。定语从句修饰先行词the 996 system，先行词在从句中作地点状语，相当于“in the 996 system”，故用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【7题详解】 考查宾语从句/名词。句意：电子商务公司首席执行官雅各布·库克说：“消费品和网络梗是人们讨论工作压力的渠道，这种联系体现了正式沟通往往无法传达的东西。”分析句子结构，showing后接宾语从句，从句中缺少convey的宾语，指“传达的内容、东西”，用what引导；也可填something，作showing的宾语，后面省略that引导的定语从句。故填what/something。 【8题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：哭泣的马就是一个完美的例子，因为它给了职场人一种替代方式来表达疲惫，以防他们因直接表达真实感受而受到批评。固定短语in case，表示“以防、万一”，符合语境，体现“表达疲惫的替代方式”的目的是避免被批评。故填in case。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，“哭泣的马”的订单已涌向全球，其形象有望出现在各种产品上。with的复合结构中，image与expect之间为被动关系，即“形象被期望出现在产品上”，故用过去分词作宾补。故填expected。 【10题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：“既然我们无法确切弄清楚这是谁的失误，我们就给每个人发奖金吧，”她说。定语从句修饰先行词mistake，先行词在从句中作定语，即“谁的失误”，故用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 语法填空 编者按：2026年上海十六区高三二模收集齐全，深度解析，排版整齐。 （一） （2025~2026学年闵行区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Breaking the Streak (连续打卡) Have you ever noticed yourself stuck in a streak on a social media app? Maybe you'repracticing a language daily, or posting your (1)______ (late) achievements for friends to see.These little reminders are meant (2)______ (keep) you motivated, but after a while, keeping upwith them can be tiring. No wonder people start asking: why do these habits form so easily, andcan they actually be broken? Researchers (3)______ (study) social media habits for decades, and it turns out they'redriven by simple psychological rewards. Apps (4)______most users create profiles and interactwith others provide rewards that encourage them to return. Sometimes, it's obvious - a "like", acomment, or a message. Other times, it's quieter - a little moment of satisfaction or feeling (5)______ (connect). Over time, these rewards link the app to certain situations. For instance, (6)______ you tend to grab your phone when you're bored, your brain starts connecting that boredom with opening the app. It soon becomes automatic, and even a notification (通知), a free moment, or your mood can serve as a cue (暗示) for the habit without thinking. The good news? These habits (7)______ (not set) in stone. Since they rely on learned connections, you can weaken them by changing your routine or limiting exposure (8)______ the reminders. Turning off notifications, moving apps out of easy reach, or doing something else instead can all help break the cycle. Understanding (9)______ social media habits work gives you the upper hand. Once you spot the cues and rewards (10)______ (drive) your behavior, you can make smarter choices about when and how to use these apps. （二） （2025~2026学年金山区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Can Time-Honored Brands Win Modern Hearts? The Ministry of Commerce (MOFCOM) has launched the 2026 Time-Honored BrandsCarnival(嘉年华), a nationwide year-long initiative to show famous national and local traditionalbrands. The organizers will hold it during traditional festivals, holidays and big exhibitions,(1)__________(expect) to provide more high-quality products and services and meet people's wish for a better life. MOFCOM data shows China has 1,455 official time-honored brands, (2)__________anaverage history of over 145 years. In the age of global economy and changing consumer tastes,these brands, carriers of China's business culture, (3)__________(face) gheat chances andchallenges. The carnival, therefore. is more than a business show. It (4)__________also serve as acultural bridge, connecting the past and future, tradition and modern life.Famous for great quality and special features, these products perfectly satisfy modern people'sneed for special and high-end goods. Many brands own special skills and secret recipes, which are valuable cultural heritage. Theywill be visually presented throughout the carnival. For example, Tongrentang's traditional Chinesemedicine processing techniques (5)__________ (demonstrate) on site. This will bring traditionaltechniques from workshops to the public and stimulate the willingness (6) __________(learn) and pass them on. (7)__________ makes the carnival distinctive is that it successfully bridges brands and local7culture by recreating historical scenes and sharing vivid stories. It can be elearly seen that, inBeiiing, the carnival restores the commercial scenes of hutongs, (8)______ in Shanghai, itplaces greater emphasis on displaying the unique commercial culture shaped by the city's history.Furthermore, the camnival helps traditional brands integrate naturally into modern life. Manytime-honored tea' houses have developed innovative drinks, and the carnival provides a perfectplatform (9) ______these new concepts can be tested and accepted by the public.(10) ________(spport) by rich experiences and various interactive activities, the "culture +consumption" model injects new vitality into old brands. And it in turn guides the upgrading andprogress of social consumption. （三） （2025~2026学年松江区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Finding Focus in a Distracted World It is really hard to prevent your mind from wandering. Most people remember (1)__________(tell)to stop daydreaming and focus at school; for adults, maintaining concentration remains a challenge.Therefore, there is necessity for us to understand the science behind focus and recognize the verystrategies (2)__________can make a substantial difference. Scientists, after their exploration of (3)__________our brain's concentration is enhanced, haveuncovered practical strategies for staying "in the zone". According to Science Focus, managing yourenvironment is essential. Silence offers the best conditions for deep concentration. And gentlebackground noise, (4)__________coffee shop talking, also shows effectiveness in improvingconcentration. Furthermore, switching off instant messages or powering down smartphones(5)__________(remove) significant digital distractions and sharpens focus on immediate tasks.Besides environmental adjustments, another effective method involves mental training.Attention researcher Nilli Lavie from University College London has discovered that making tasksvisually exhausting occupies more processing power, decreasing the possibility for distractions. Andthis discovery suggests that (6)__________(strengthen) our ability to maintain attention, we should trainour mind to activate more processing power when facing tasks.More practical techniques are introduced to keep your mind (7)__________(concentrate) on whatyou are doing. Selecting a workspace free from temptation, creating a to-do list ranking tasks clearly,or even chewing gum proves beneficial. Research suggests chewing may occupy certain brain regionsthat are easily distracted, thus anchoring attention more effectively. These behavioral adjustmentswork wonderfully well respectively, and when combined, they can improve focus to a(8)__________(great) extent. Nevertheless, distraction is not entirely negative. Science Focus notes that constant, steady focuswould cause us to overlook potential threats and other important environmental changes. In this sense,distraction serves an essential survival function. The key takeaway is balance: (9)__________we shouldapply strategies to improve concentration, we must recognize that a distraction-free state is neitherrealistic nor desirable. Ultimately, a balanced mental state, (10)__________that allows for both focusedwork and environmental awareness, remains the healthiest long-term approach. （四） （2025~2026学年浦东新区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Temperatures are warming up with days getting longer, so we throw off our coats and boots and spend time outside taking in the sun’s warmth. Those signs of spring also signal to many that it’s time to conduct a thorough cleaning in their house, a tradition with roots ____1____ (date) back to ancient times, symbolizing the transition from the hibernating (冬眠) winter season to the dynamic growth of spring. “We sweep the floor and polish the surface, and ____2____ these actions represent is that we are honoring a tradition which unites us with past generations,” says Maren Voss, a director at the Museum of the Home in London. Spring cleaning actually arises from various cultures. In Chinese culture, it is customary just before New Year’s Day ____3____ (tidy) up one’s home so that good fortune will arrive. In Western culture, spring cleaning also has a practical history. In the past, homes ____4____ (heat) with wood or coal. And oil lamps lit homes ____5____ electricity was widely used, so dirt built up on surfaces. Here came spring cleaning. However, spring cleaning may have more to do with biology. Some studies suggest more sunlight increases our wakefulness because we produce less melatonin, a chemical that makes us sleepy. Melatonin causes us to become ____6____ (willing) to refresh our space. When the seasons start to shift, feelings of dullness reduce, and we regain energy and feel ____7____ (motivate) to deep clean our living environments. Studies have shown that cleaning has a healing effect, as seen by the new generation of “cleanfluencers” ____8____ are taking social media by storm. Millions of people watch them clean dirty homes and share cleaning tips. What starts ____9____ a simple video watch often ends with viewers tackling their own household chores. If you haven’t visited the gym lately, _____10_____ (start) your workout at home by washing windows and floors. So pick a room, grab some cleaning supplies and begin. Make your living space as fresh as spring. （五） （2025~2026学年奉贤区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. A Risky Inoculation (预防接种) that Changed Russia Catherine the Great set out to define Russia as an extremely important power in Europe. Her rule remained stable ____1____ the year of 1768, when something began to threaten her people and her position — an ancient disease named smallpox. By the 18th century, smallpox ____2____ (become) particularly deadly. One in five people who caught it died. It was particularly dangerous for children, so parents would be advised not to count their children unless they survived smallpox. There was absolutely ____3____ that could be done. People tried keeping patients hot ____4____ (sweat) the disease out or even bleeding them, neither of which did any good. Since the 16th century, there had been inoculation ____5____ (practise) widely in China, the Middle East and Turkey. It involved a person being given a controlled dose (剂量) of the disease. A tiny drop of pus (脓液) from the spots of someone with the disease ____6____ (collect). Then the live virus was put into a cut on the arm of the healthy person. In 1767, a British doctor named Dinsdale published an instruction manual and introduced his way to inoculate safely. And that’s ____7____ he came to the attention of Catherine the Great. In the 1760s, inoculation wasn’t a common practice in Russia, a land ____8____ there was “enormous distrust” against it. Catherine made the brave decision to experiment with treatment first. She put her faith in science and her life in the hands of Dinsdale, ____9____ (call) for him in 1768 to treat her and her family. Catherine’s inoculation went so well that her experience encouraged her people to get inoculated, too. Indeed, her first experiment demonstrated great resolution and firmness of her mind. To her people, she projected an image of herself ____10____ a caring ruler. She was remembered for advancing public health in Russia and saving millions of lives. （六） （2025~2026学年崇明区二模） Dedicated to Dunhuang: A Life Inspired by Ancient Art Famous Chinese artist Chang Shana, the designer behind the decorative mural (壁画) on the ceiling of the banquet (宴会) hall of Beijing’s Great Hall of the People, and her father Chang Shuhong, who was also a famous artist, have dedicated their lives to preserving and promoting the art of Dunhuang. Her passion for Dunhuang ____1____ (inspire) by her father Chang Shuhong, often referred to as the pioneer of introducing Dunhuang art. In 1943, her father, then a promising artist who ____2____ (win) several medals in France, made up his mind to contribute to Dunhuang after reading about the cave art there. It wasn’t long ____3____ he moved to Dunhuang, a remote county in northwest China’s Gansu Province. ____4____ (travel) along rough roads for an entire month, in the fall of 1943, the family arrived at the dusty, yet exciting Mogao Caves in Dunhuang. In 1944, Chang Shuhong founded Dunhuang Art Institute, ____5____ is now known as Dunhuang Academy. He gave up the prospect of furthering his art career, and devoted himself to the protection and study of Dunhuang’s treasures. But this was so hard a task that his wife couldn’t bear the harsh conditions and left him. What’s worse, during the war, the government stopped ____6____ (fund) the Dunhuang Art Research Institute. Nevertheless, Chang Shana and her father stayed to continue their mission. Chang Shana made copies of the murals ____7____ the guidance of her father, researchers at the institute and visiting artists. She learned a lot about murals and ____8____ the styles for the murals had evolved. That experience has greatly influenced her career. Chang Shana later went to the US for further study and when she came back, she turned to industrial art, teaching at Tsinghua University. Chang has completed many key designs ____9____ (base) on Dunhuang murals, including the ceiling of the Great Hall of the People. For Chang, Dunhuang has become an inseparable part of her life. She’s now cooperating with an e-commerce platform to promote the sale of her work ____10____ (make) sure that the thousand-year-old art lives on. （七） （2025~2026学年长宁区二模） Blue zones Everyone wants to live a long, healthy life, and so it’s no surprise that researchers are looking into ways to make that happen. One approach is to study areas in which people have longer-than-average lives known as blue zones and see ___1___ these communities do to promote long life. Dan Buettner’s book The Blue Zones introduced the concept of blue zones — five regions spread out across three continents ___2___ people live unusually long and healthy lives. In one early phase of their research, researchers identified these places and marked ___3___ on a map with blue circles, which inspired the term blue zones. After identifying the blue zones, Buettner investigated their cultures, ___4___ (seek) insight into why their people are so healthy and long-lived. His team identified nine common lifestyle practices known as the “Power 9,” which create supportive environments that improve physical, mental and emotional health. ___5___ the details varied, a common feature in the diets of people in blue zones is that they follow primarily plant-based diets. Those who eat meat typically only do so four or five times a month. They also typically either fast regularly or limit the amount they eat. Additionally, they drink wine ___6___ moderation. Exercise is necessary for good health, but people in blue zones generally do not set aside time for exercise ___7___(plan) specifically for fitness, such as going to the gym. Instead, activity ___8___ (build) into daily life as they walk from place to place and do housework such as gardening and cleaning. Many families in blue zones live in homes where multiple generations reside together. This arrangement provides emotional and practical support for both the old and the young. And these communities are organized in a way that enables people ___9___ (find) social support beyond their biological family. In these tight-knit communities, the residents often look out for each other, which in turn ____10____ (strengthen) the social bonds that are essential for a long and healthy life. （八） （2025~2026学年静安区二模） Farmers need data to monitor and predict everything that goes into affecting their crops, from drought and flood conditions to soil health and temperature variations. But for many farmers, particularly ___1___ in developing nations, such facts and figures aren’t readily available. The problem is especially worrisome in Africa, where some 60% of the population ___2___ (engage) in small-scale farming. “Africa is still a most data-scarce continent,” says Kate Kallot, CEO and founder of Amini, ___3___environmental data firm founded in 2022. Much of the data is locked in paper files in government offices or only available through extremely expensive satellite providers, she says. ___4___ (fill) in the gap, Amini is collecting environmental data in Africa through technologies like satellite imagery, drones and IoT sensors, as well as from existing studies. The company then analyzes the raw data using artificial intelligence ___5___actionable information and recommendations can be provided for farmers, crop insurers, farm lenders and governments to improve agriculture on the continent. Amini can send ___6___ (automate) texts to farmers notifying them of situations like coming floods or spreading pest outbreaks, and it’s also increasingly using AI to be able to automatically respond to text queries about weather and other conditions. Amini has been working with HP (惠普) and Nvidia (英伟达) so far, both of ___7___ have provided workstations and GPU processing power that have enabled Amini to build efficient AI systems in Kenya. “___8___ (work) with Amini goes toward HP’s efforts to have an enduring impact,” says Jim Nottingham, senior vice president & division president of HP’s Advanced Compute & Solutions business. “It also offers proof of ___9___ HP customers can accomplish with the company’s technology. Workstation-based AI is not just valuable in places lacking local big data centers or having limited connectivity, but also in regions with strict data-security requirements.” The same data scarcity problems exist in other parts of the Global South, such as Latin America, the Caribbean, and Southeast Asia, so it’s likely that Amini’s technology will also have an impact ____10____ Africa. （九） （2025~2026学年宝山区二模） Notre-Dame de Paris After a disastrous fire, this ancient site is now fully restored. On April 15, 2019, the people of Paris, France, were shocked to see the Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral in flames. The cathedral ____1____ (stand) for hundreds of years, but the fire nearly destroyed it. Hundreds of firefighters fought to save the building, but the fire still did extensive damage. Since then, the building has been closed for repairs, but this Sunday, it ____2____ (schedule) to be open to the public once more. Notre-Dame took nearly two centuries to build, from 1163 to 1345, and even after its completion, new features continued ____3____ (add). Repairs to the representative cathedral were done with careful accuracy, using methods from ____4____ original construction in the Middle Ages. Notre-Dame is an amazing example of Gothic architecture. The builders of Gothic cathedrals thought of their buildings as places where people go to meet with God, so they tried to make the buildings look like heaven. This means the cathedrals all have tall ceilings ____5____ (support) by columns, with large windows that are made of colored glass. As a result, the buildings are filled with colored light, which is intended to call to mind descriptions of heaven that say it has streets full of gold. Images of cathedrals like Notre-Dame ____6____ convey part of their beauty and splendor, but they don't compare with the experience of seeing them in person. In the late 18th century, popular resentment (怨恨) against the French upper class exploded into a revolution. The revolutionaries associated the Christian establishment with the king they despised (鄙视), so they ransacked (洗劫) Notre-Dame along with many other churches. Shortly after the revolution, some repairs were made, but the cathedral was still ____7____ bad shape. The cathedral's disrepair partly inspired Victor Hugo's famous novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame. This novel, much of which takes place inside the cathedral, was so popular ____8____ it inspired a major repair of the cathedral. The architect who planned the repairs took some creative license, adding features rather than ____9____ (restore) the cathedral to its original appearance. But the result was a beautiful building, which for a time was the most popular tourist attraction in France. In 2018 more repair work began, intended to change some deterioration (恶化) that had taken place over time. It was during the repairing project that the fire started. The April 2019 fire destroyed the entire roof and much of the structure's original frame. But a few important pieces were amazingly spared. The fire forced the government to perform more extensive repairs ____10____ had been planned, but the work is now complete. Now people can once again visit this architectural wonder and marvel at its beauty, its history and (for some) its spiritual significance. （十） （2025~2026学年普陀区二模） Seeing is Believing Have you ever looked up at clouds on a summer’s day and seen a face looking back at you? Or spotted the “man in the moon” smiling down at you at night? Or noticed eyes and a smile on the front of a car? If you have, you’re ____1____ good company. The name for this phenomenon — our ability to see meaningful images in random places or things — is paredolia. Seeing faces in everyday objects is one of its most common forms. Several theories have tried to explain pareidolia. One is that it is a survival mechanism. The lives of our ancestors often turned to ____2____ (distinguish) quickly between friends and enemies, so our brains adapted to detect faces everywhere. In 2014, Dr. Kang Lee, a scientist at the University of Toronto in Canada who studies how young people’s brains work, ____3____ (propose) a different theory. He said that seeing faces in everyday objects is the result of the brain communicating that information back to ____4____. The brain, in fact, imagines a face and “tells” the eyes to see it. Dr Lee scanned the people’s brains while showing them a series of grainy images, some of ____5____ contained hidden faces. He then asked the participants, “Do you see a face?” Once they were asked the question, people answered yes 34% of the time, ____6____ there was no face. What’s more, if participants reported seeing a face, the visual cortex of their brain-the part of the brain which functions ____7____ (process) information from the eyes-lit up. Dr. Lee concluded that a lot of things we see in the world ____8____ (create) not by our sight but by our minds. ____9____ you know some of the tricks your mind can play, why not take another look up at the clouds and see what you can find? Perhaps a camel or a fox will emerge — or maybe you’ll see someone you know, ____10____ (recognize) in the soft, floating shapes above. And who knows? Maybe you’ll come up with something entirely new. （十一） （2025~2026学年杨浦区二模） Latest Gadgets (小器具) on Display The Consumer Electronics Show CES, which took place between 7 and 10 January, gave the world a fascinating look at the technology of the future. The event is held annually and gives companies the chance to show off cutting-edge gadgets and extraordinary machines, some of ____1____ are already in shops. Artificial intelligence AI served as a ____2____ (define) characteristic for numerous items on display this year. One of the stars of the show was the Ropet, a robotic pet that expresses emotions, ____3____ (remember) faces and can chat in different languages. Thanks to a camera built into its nose, it can detect and react to human emotions, and it understands gestures ____4____ a finger to the lips to ask it to be quiet. It could be appealing to someone who wants a pet, but is unable to look after a real ____5____. There were plenty of devices on display that are designed to help people around the home. These included a robotic vacuum cleaner. This kind of thing isn’t all that new, but the Roborock Saros Z70 has an extra feature: an arm with a pair of pincers (钳子) that it ____6____ use to pick socks, underpants and other things off the floor as it moves around the home. Another device meant for the home is the Smart Indoor Garden, ____7____ it looks like something you might see on a spaceship. ____8____ (ensure) that plants grow well in the futuristic-looking capsule, the device creates a cloud of water droplets containing nutrients. It allows people to grow vegetables, herbs and flowers all year round with little effort ____9____  (invest). There was lots of technology that people could wear, too, including several different types of smart glasses. The exhibit also demonstrated _____10_____ wearable technology could achieve in healthcare. （十二） （2025~2026学年嘉定区二模） Why Book-to-Film Adaptations Often Disappoint When a beloved book is adapted into a film, fans often experience a mix of excitement and anxiety. They look forward to seeing a familiar story on screen but worry that the film might not live up to the images they have imagined while reading. This reaction arises from how we read. For many, novels are not just stories; they are visual experiences ____1____ (carry) in the mind. Reading involves ____2____ (create) mental images of characters, settings, and events. These images, ____3____ they are general or detailed, form part of the enjoyment of reading. We rarely notice them until there is something wrong with them. Once a film version doesn’t match our imagined images, disappointment follows. We might find ourselves thinking, “That’s not how I ____4____ (picture) it.” Interestingly, this isn’t new. It has existed ____5____ the long history of storytelling. In the 19th century, when illustrations started appearing in books, readers began to feel a similar discomfort. The visual representations in books, such as those in Charles Dickens’ novels, were seen as a threat to readers’ mental imagery. Once an illustration had been seen by a reader, the character or scene was likely ____6____ (imagine) differently. Yet not everyone felt disappointed by illustrations. For people ____7____ struggle to visualize while reading, illustrations could enhance their experience. Around 4% of the population lacks the ability to turn words into pictures, and for them, illustrations in books or films may be more enjoyable, ____8____ they have no pre-existing images to compare them to. For most of us who do visualize, though, the gap between what a film shows and our mental images can lead to disappointment. However, this doesn’t mean the film is a failure. Instead, it offers an insight into ____9____ personal our engagement with novels really is. Therefore, rather than criticize an adaptation, we ____10____ reflect on why it differs from our imagined version and what that reveals about our perceptions. （十三） （2025~2026学年黄浦区二模） There Are No Rules for Success “It’s the Worst Time to Be a College Graduate in Years,” reads a Newsweek headline. For 22-to 30-year old computer-science graduates, employment has been falling. Why? Is it ChatGPT? Late in the economic cycle? No matter, the unwritten social contract for success that ___1___ (impress) upon you — good grades, job loyalty, retirement account — feels completely broken. It may be time to create your own job. Careers ___2___ were once safe are now risky: marketers, some programmers, maybe even lawyers. At the same time, surfing the waves of progress to ___3___ the world is headed is less risky than you think. Progress comes through surprises, not rules, with inventions no one ___4___ (think) possible. The telescope opened the skies. Gene (基因) editing was hard until Crispr technology simplified it. And it’s been less than three years ___5___ ChatGPT shocked the world with what it could do. Machine learning was researched for decades with little result, until back-propagation allowed voice and facial recognition. ___6___ of these were invented by following the rules, but by coloring outside the lines. Ignore those who tell you to take “___7___ (calculate) risks.” It’s the greatness of risk that provides the potential reward. Do you need universities? It is noted that college graduates have the same jobless rate as those who didn’t get a college degree. So why go? Since 2011, the Thiel Fellowship has paid smart young people $200,000 over two years ___8___ (build) new things instead of sitting in a classroom. I asked Peter Thiel how it was going. He pointed to more than 300 fellows who have created $750 billion ___9___ value. No one knows what’s next. The best way to predict the future is to invent it. You’ll make mistakes. You might even fail. So what? If your brain still functions, you can keep ____10____ (go) until you find success that surprises the world. There are no rules. Do your thing. Accomplish something. （十四） （2025~2026学年虹口区二模） Old, but Good Listening to new music is hard. Not hard compared to space travel, but hard compared to listening to music we already know. Those of us who have settled into adult life often don’t listen to new music. With work, bills, children and life ____1____ (come) into play, it’s easy to let go of the act of discovery. Eventually, we bow our heads and reach a stage ____2____ most music becomes something to remember rather than something to experience. Most people have all the songs they could ever need already by the time they turn 30. And ____3____ _________ we have an online music platform, we can easily take ourselves back to our youth, when life was simpler. Why jump off a mountain hoping that you ____4____ (rescue) on the way down by your new favourite album when you can stay safe with your old playlist? Why spend time on something you ____5____ still even end up disliking? From music to clothing brands, we love the things we know because we know them, and therefore we love them. But there is a physiological explanation in our desire to seek comfort in ____6____ familiar. It has something ____7____ (do) with our brains. Our brains change as they recognise new patterns in the world, which is ____8____ makes brains useful. When it comes to listening to music, a network of nerves in the part of the brain that processes sounds ____9____ (help) catalogue the different patterns of music. When ____10____ (match) with a familiar pattern, a sound stimulates our brains to release dopamine — the chemical behind some of our strongest emotions. That’s why music can move us so deeply. （十五） （2025~2026学年徐汇区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. By the dawn of the 2030s, the concept of "memory implantation" had shifted from science fiction to reality. No longer a mere fantasy, it had become a sophisticated neural procedure to enhance human recall, (1)_______ (allow) individuals to access detailed, lifelong memories with photographic precision. This was achieved by implanting a biocompatible chip into the hippocampus (海马体) that interfaced directly with the brain's natural encoding processes. The procedure itself was remarkably delicate. It involved mapping the patient's existing neural pathways, synthesizing a personalized memory template (模板), and embedding it through a series of precisely timed electrical pulses. These artificial memory traces (2)_______ (standardize) to integrate seamlessly (无缝地) with the subject's authentic recollections. Once the initial integration was complete, the brain's neuroplasticity took over, strengthening the new synaptic (突触的) connections over a period of weeks. (3) _______ (minimize) the risk of identity confusion, most patients underwent the procedure in a controlled therapeutic setting, (4) _______ a few adventurous individuals chose to do so in specialized private clinics. The adaptation phase was a profound psychological journey. Recipients were initially overwhelmed by the sudden influx (汇集) of vivid, detailed scenes from "lives they had never lived." They (5) _______ suddenly recall the specific texture of a Renaissance painting they had only read about, the exact emotion of a childhood memory belonging to someone else, or the entire lexicon of a language they had never studied. Patients underwent intensive cognitive therapy to distinguish between endogenous (内生的) and implanted memories, and their sense of self, guided by neural synchronization protocols (神经同步协议), (6) _______ (expand) to incorporate this new internal narrative. The motivations for (7) _______ (seek) the augmentation (增强) were as complex as the memories it provided. Many pursued it for intellectual growth. Historians could immerse themselves in primary sources with unparalleled empathy, engineers could access a lifetime of accumulated expertise in weeks, and artists could draw upon a synthesized well of cross-cultural creative inspiration. The ability to directly experience a historical event or a master artist's creative process (8) _______ promised to unlock new heights of human innovation. In education, its impact was transformative. Students could gain a working understanding of complex subjects (9) _______ theoretical physics or ancient philosophy in a fraction of the traditional time, and augmented mentors could tailor educational memories to a learner's unique cognitive style, fostering a new era of hyper-personalized learning. While some critics worried about the erosion of authentic experience or the potential for abuse, proponents hailed it as the ultimate tool for empathy. In an increasingly polarized world, this augmentation was championed as a path to profound mutual understanding. It offered a way to truly walk in another's shoes, fostering a depth of compassion which was previously unattainable—a shared cognitive ground that promised to unite rather than divide, making those who underwent it feel (10) _______ (deeply) connected to the breadth of human experience than those who didn’t. （十六） （2025~2026学年青浦区二模） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. “Unhappy” Horse Drives New Year Sales Boom On 17 February 2026, China welcomed the Year of the Horse, which symbolizes energy and diligence. But the huge success of a faulty toy suggests that many Chinese are not feeling the festive atmosphere. A red horse toy produced by Happy Sister in the city of Yiwu in the east of China (1) ________ (mean) to wear a broad smile, but a factory error meant it hit the shops, wearing a worried look. Because the smile was placed upside down, the horse’s nostrils (鼻孔) (2) ________ be interpreted as tears. Despite the error, the toy went viral on social media. People joked that the crying horse is how you look at work, while the smiling one is how you look (3) ________ work. By mid-February, the owner of Happy Sister said she was receiving daily orders of more than 15,000 units, causing the extra production lines (4) ________ (introduce) immediately. The small workshop, which had struggled with slow sales for months, suddenly found (5) ________ flooded with orders and struggling to keep up with demand. Many Chinese white-collar workers have endured the 996 system, (6) ________ employees are required to work from 9 am to 9 pm, six days a week. Though the practice was banned in 2021 after an employee died suddenly from a late-night shift, long overtime hours are still common today. Jacob Cooke, CEO of an e-commerce firm, said, “Consumer products and internet memes (网络梗) serve as a channel for people to discuss work pressure, a connection showing (7) ________ formal communications often fail to convey.” The crying horse is a perfect example of this, as it gives workers an alternative way to express their tiredness (8) ________ ________ they are criticized for voicing their true feelings directly. Meanwhile, orders for the “crying horse” have poured in worldwide, with its image (9) ________ (expect) to appear on various products. The owner never found out who sewed the horse’s smile on upside down. “Since we can’t figure out exactly (10) ________ mistake it was, we will just give everyone a bonus,” she said. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $