Unit8 Section B How does helping others make a differ知识点归纳2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Section B How does helping others make a difference? 重点词汇及常见搭配 [Vocabulary in Unit 8] 1.女士;淑女(n.) lady 2.先生;君子(n.)(pl. gentlemen) gentleman 3. (狗)吠叫(v.)狗叫声(n.) bark 4.报名(短语) sign up 5.自从;自……以后(短语) ever since 6.成年人(n.)成年的;成熟的(adj.) adult 7.失踪的;丢失的(adj.) missing 8.实用的;实际的(adj.) practical 9.救命的;救生的(adj.) life-saving 10.团队合作(n.) teamwork 11.成功的;有成就的(adj.) successful 12.最主要的是(短语) most of all 13.重要作用;价值(n.) value 14.自愿的;无偿的(adj.) voluntary 15.平凡的;普通的(adj.) ordinary 16.值得;有价值(adj.) worth 17.听众;观众(n.) audience 18.乐意的;愿意的(adj.) willing 19.忙碌的(短语) on the go 20.处于贫困中;生活困难(短语) in need 21.成功(n.) success 22. (尤指家庭中两个成员)年龄较长的(adj.) elder 23.捐赠;赠送(v.) donate 24.口袋(n.) pocket 25.努力;艰难的尝试(n.) effort 26.分发(短语) hand out 27.通晓;熟悉(短语) familiar with 28.才能;天赋;天才(n.) talent 29. (正式、礼貌的称呼)女士;夫人(n.) madam 30.广告;启事(n.)(= ad) advertisement 词汇拓展 1. miss(v.)错过;想念→missing(adj.)失踪的;丢失的 2. practice(n.)实践;练习→practical(adj.)实用的；实际的 3. success(n.)成功→successful(adj.)成功的;有成就的→successfully(adv.)成功地 4. volunteer(n.)志愿者(v.)自愿做→voluntary(adj.)自愿的;无偿的 5. will(n.)意志;决心→willing(adj.)乐意的;愿意的 重点短语 1.对 好奇 be curious about sth 2.以……开始 begin with 3.为 作准备 prepare for 4.(做)某事的关键 the key to (doing) sth 5.……的价值 the value of… 6.乐意做某事 be willing to do sth 7.有一个清晰的目标 have a clear goal 8.坚持(做)某事 stick to (doing) sth 9.完成;执行 carry out 10.给某人发一封邮件 drop sb an email 重点句型 Section B(1a——1e) 1.早在 2008年，我和一些朋友在山上徒步旅行，其中一个人摔倒了，头部受了重伤。 Back in 2008, I was hiking in the mountains with some friends when one of them fell and got a bad head injury. 2.但我们的目标始终是尽可能多救人。 But our goal has always been to save as many people as we can. Section B (Vocabulary in Use 2a——2c) 1.警方已经在附近寻找失踪的孩子。他的父母非常想念他。 The police have searched the neighbourhood for the missing child. His parents missed him very much. 2.我的哥哥在养老院做志愿者，因为他想帮助老人。 My elder brother volunteers at the nursing home because he wants to help the elderly. Section B(3a—— Reflecting) 1.我们希望您愿意自愿帮助他人。 We hope you are willing to volunteer to help others. 2.我们希望您善于表达自己。 We hope you are good at expressing yourself. 语言知识点 Section B(1a——1e) 1. Back in 2008, I was hiking in the mountains withsome friends when one of them fell and got a badhead injury.早在 2008 年,我和一些朋友在山上徒步旅行，其中一个人摔倒了，头部受了重伤。 该句中，injury意为“损伤；伤害”，常指因意外事件造成的身体损伤，通常涉及内部组织创伤(例如扭伤、骨折)。例如： He had a serious injury in the football match. 他在足球比赛中受了重伤。 2. I nearly started crying.我几乎快要哭了。 该句中，nearly意为“几乎；将近”，其近义词为almost。例如: I' ve worked here for nearly two years.= I' ve worked here for almost two years. 我已经在这里工作将近两年。 3. But our goal has always been to save as manypeople as we can.但我们的目标始终是尽可能多救人。 该句中, as many people as we can 意为“尽可能多的人”,其中 as… as sb can 也可以和 as… aspossible进行转换。例如: We' ll finish the task as quickly as we can.= We' ll finish the task as quickly as possible. 我们将尽可能快地完成这项任务。 Section B (Vocabulary in Use 2a——2c) 1. The police have searched the neighbourhood forthe missing child. His parents missed him verymuch.警方已经在附近寻找失踪的孩子。他的父母非常想念他。 该句中, the missing child 意为“失踪的孩子”。此外，miss一词除了“想念；缺失”之意外，还有“错过”之意。例如： He missed the early bus, so he was late for the meeting. 他错过了早班车，所以他开会迟到了。 2. My elder brother volunteers at the nursing homebecause he wants to help the elderly.我的哥哥在养老院做志愿者，因为他想帮助老人。 该句中，elder与 elderly 两词相似，但含义不同。 单词 词性 含义 例句 elder 形容词 年纪 较长的 Mary is my elder sister. 玛丽是我的长姐。 名词 (pl.)长者 Children should have respect for their elders. 孩子应该尊重长辈。 elderly 形容词 上了 年纪的 An elderly gentleman wasstanding there. 一位老先生刚站在那儿。 Section B(3a——— Reflecting) 1. We hope you are willing to volunteer to helpothers.我们希望您愿意自愿帮助他人。 该句中, be willing to do sth 意为“愿意做某事;乐意做某事”,其近义短语为 be ready to do sth。 2. What other thoughts do you have about volunteering? 您对志愿服务还有什么其他想法吗? 该句中，thought为名词，意为“想法”，相当于idea。但 thought一词也可作 think(v.思考)的动词过去式。同学们在阅读过程中要注意辨别与区分。 第 98 页 共 102 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 * Reading Plus 第 1 页 共 102 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 重点词汇 1.环绕(v.) round 2.寻回犬(n.) retriever 3.治疗(n.) therapy 4.抚摸(v.) pet 词汇拓展 1. round(n.)(比赛的)一轮→round(v.)环绕 2. pet(n.)宠物→pet(v.)抚摸 重点短语 1.不久;很快 before long 2.给某人带来片刻的欢愉 bring a moment of joy to sb 3.治疗犬 a therapy dog 4.期待(做)某事 look forward to (doing) sth 重点句型 1.妈妈已经病了很长时间了，而且她常常看起来伤心和疲惫。 Mum has been sick for a long time now, and she often seemed sad and tired. 2.安娜非常友善，愿意和我分享她的故事。 Anna was kind enough to share her story with me. 3.如果我将来足够幸运能拥有一只属于自己的狗，我会像安娜和班乔一样去参加志愿服务！ If I'm lucky enough to have a dog of my own in the future, I' ll try to volunteer just like Anna and Banjo! 语言知识点 1.“Come here! What a good boy!” Those were wordsI never expected to hear from my mum when Ivisited her in hospital. “过来！真是个好孩子！”这是我去医院探望妈妈时从未期待会从我妈妈那儿听到的话。 该句中,I never expected to hear from my mum意为“我从未期待会从我妈妈那儿听到的”，是省略了 that 的定语从句，用于修饰前面的名词words,其完整形式为 Those were words (that) Inever expected to hear from my mum。 2. Before long, she found the answer. 很快，她就找到了答案。 该句中，before long意为“不久；很快”，常用于一般过去时和一般将来时。 3. This made her forget that she was sick, if only for a moment. 这让她忘记自己生病了，哪怕只是一瞬间。 该句中，if only意为“但愿；要是……就好了(尤用于知道所想的事不能发生时)”，常承载强烈的主观情感，伴随遗憾、惋惜或渴望的语气，用于感叹或渲染情感。 第 102 页 共 102 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $