专题一 名词(必考)-【夺冠百分百】2026年中考英语冲刺精讲册（人教版 河北专用）

中考冲刺英语 ☑ 第二部分 语法专题突破 词类 专题一名词（必考） 【课标导图】 单数：可与不定冠词a/an连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 复数：可数名词表示>1时用复数，其前不能加不定冠词，作主语时 谓语动词用复数形式 只能修饰可数名词的词（组）：few,afew,several,many,a great/large 1.可数名词 number of,.quite a few等 及其单复数 集合 形式为单数，意义可分为单数和复数，如：family,team,group,class等 名词形式为单数，意义永远为复数，可与the连用，谓语动词用复数 如：people,police等 拓展 常以复数 形式出现 此类名词有：trousers,.glasses,chopsticks,.shoes,.scissors,socks等 的名词 若被a pair of等量词修饰，谓语动词和量词的数保持一致 定义：不可数名词所表示的事物一般不能用数来计算，无形式变化，不能用不定冠 词a/an修饰，主要是物质名词和抽象名词。不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数 物质名词，如：soup,water,.meat,paper,,wood等 常见不可 抽象名词，如：health,love等。注意：当抽象名词和物质名词表达具体 数名词 事物、若干种类或具体结果时，则为可数名词 专有名词，如：China,.Canadas等。注意：专有名词如表示星期的词，为 可数名词 2.不可数 不可数名词的量化表达方式：数词/冠词+计量名词+of+不可数名词 名词 常见表示不可数名词的量的词组：a basket of,a box of,a bottle of等 只能修饰不可数名词的词（组）：little,a little,much,a good/great deal of,a bit of,. a large/small amount of 既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词（组）：a lot of,lots of,.plenty of, all,some,most,any,no,the rest of 有生命的单数名词，如：my sister's book 表示时间、国家、距离等名词，如：China's development 加-'s名词复数不以-s结尾，如：children's homework 表示共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加-'s,如：Tom and Peter's room 表示各自拥有，在每个名词后加-'s,如：Emma's and Allen's bikes 3.名词所-’s所有格 有格 有生命的，如：aunts'work 名词复数以-s结尾，加' 无生命的，如：two hours'walk 名词加-'s:New Year'sDay 节日类 名词复数加-'：Teachers'Day 名词复数加-'s:Children'sDay,Women'sDay 132 (r 第二部分|语法专题突破 中考冲刺英语 一般用于表示无生命名词的所有关系， 有生命的名词 如：the top of the hill -’s所有格和of 表示“关于，有关”，如：a story of love 短语所有格可 o所有格 以互换，如the 表示部分与整体的关系，如：the bottom of the sea girl's name= 3.名词所 表示抽象概念，如：the cost of living the name of the 有格 girl of+-'s所有格，如：a photo of Lucy's 双重所有格 of+名词性物主代词，如：a friend of mine 表示人名、尊称或头衔的专有名词 表示团体、机构或报刊的专有名词 名 表示星期、月份和节日的专有名词 4.专有名词 表示国名、地名、山河名的专有名词 由普通名词构成的专有名词 名词作定语，一般用单数形式，如：history teacher 个别名词作定语用复数形式，如：sports club 5.名词作 man,womanf作定语，如果修饰单数可数名词，man、woman用单数形式；如 定语 果修饰复数名词，则man、woman也要用复数形式，如：men doctors 【考情分析】 考点 考向 考题 题型 考频 2025,33,37,39;2024,41,47,48;2023,42,47, 单项选择， 名词词义辨析 语境选词 5年13考 50;2022,48,49;2021,41,43 完形填空 可数名词 2025,45,47;2024,72,76;2023,76;2022,76; 名词的数 短文填空 5年7考 变复数 2021,77 重难考点突破 重难点一可数名词变复数 续表 1.规则变化 例词 规律 例词 规律 boy→boys 3.以元音字母加-y结 toy->toys 尾的词，词尾直接加-s year->years radio→radios 4.以元音字母加-0结 friend--→friends 规 ZOO->ZOoS 尾的词，词尾直接加-s 曾 interest→interests 1.一般情况，词尾直 则 watch-watches 则 5.以-s,x,-sh,-ch结尾 hour→nours 接加① 变 bus→② 变 的词，词尾加③ answer->answers 化 化 baby→④ 6.以辅音字母加y mistake->mistakes 2.一般情况，以-ce, story->stories 结尾的词，⑤ face→faces -se,ze等结尾的词， knife→⑥ 7.以字母-f/-fe结尾 house→houses leaf--leaves 词尾直接加-s 的词，⑦ 日积月累：A sound mind in a sound body..健全的精神寓于健康的身体。 33 中考冲刺英语 ☑ 续表 续表 例词 规律 例词 迎 规律 则 photo→photos 以。结尾的词在词 不 German→① 表示“某 hero→heroes 尾加-s,但hero, 变 规 Roman→② 国人”的 词尾 tomato->tomatoes 化 tomato,potato等词 则 American→③ 名词的单 加-S potato->potatoes 在词尾加⑧ 碎 Canadian→④ 复数形式 2.不规则变化 中日不变，英法变， 化 巧学妙记 其他后面加-s 例词 规律 重难点二 构词法 派生法 foot→① tooth-→② 后缀 表达意义 例词 man→③ ① 歌手 改变单数名词中 mouse-→④ 从事某 ② 老师 的元音字母 -er/-or woman-→⑤ 事的人 ③ 游客 (特例：boot的复数 ④ 发明家 形式为boots) 精通…… ⑤ 音乐家 -ian 的人 ox→oxen(公牛) 词尾加-en或 ⑥ 魔术师 child→⑥ ⑦ 艺术家 不 -ren -ist 专业人员 ⑧ 科学家 规 sheep,deer,fish(表 ⑨ 发展 则 示鱼的种类多时， 单复数形式相同 ment/-ness 0 善良 变fish的复数为fishes) ① 行动 化 trousers,glasses(眼镜)， -ion 行为、性质 ② 收藏品 clothes,pants,jeans, 只有复数形式 或状态等 ® 入口 shorts,scissors -ance/-ence @ 信心 表示 单复 ⑤】 温暖 Chinese-→⑦ “某国 -th/-(i)ty 数同 ⑥ 安全 Japanese-→⑧ 人”的 豹 名词的 变词尾 ⑦ 会议 Englishman→⑨ -ing 物品，事情 的man ⑧ 建筑物 单复 Frenchman→0 数形式 为men 备考实战演练 I.完形填空 their father went into a 1.Terry was in A(2025安徽中考改编) the back 2 while Mikey was in the front Terry will never forget that day in 1968. seat.Mikey wasn't wearing a seat belt.He Four-year-old Terry Hill and her younger moved over to the 3 seat.As they waited brother Mikey were left alone in the car as 134 第二部分语法专题突破 中考冲刺英语 for their 4,Mikey was playing with the 7.A.woman B.man steering wheel(方向盘).Somehow,he hit the C.boy D.girl gear shift(换挡器).Because their car was 8.A.time B.trouble parked on a small hill,it started moving back C.place D.need slowly.There were cars coming and going all 9.A.stranger B.relative around at that 5. C.classmate D.friend Terry tried to open the 6.However, 10.A.difference B.promise it was too heavy for a 4-year-old girl.She C.influence D.decision didn't know what to do.Just then,Terry saw 微拓展 her dad rushing out of the shop.But running 1.If you were Terry,how would you show right in front of him was someone else:a your thanks to the young guy after being young 7.He reached the car first,put the saved? brake(刹车)on and saved Terry and her brother just in 8. 2. Terry said the young guy"just saw what For over 50 years,Terry has always needed to be done and acted immediately". remembered how the 9 bravely helped In your life,have you ever had a similar them out without thinking twice."This young experience of "seeing and acting"?Share it guy,he runs to the car,gets the door open, simply. moves my brother over and puts the brake on.Everything happened so fast."Terry said, "He just saw what needed to be done and acted immediately.That has made a huge B 10 on me for my whole life. When I was a child,I wanted to be 1.A.bank B.shop someone like my father.My father is a 1, C.hospital D.restaurant and he has taught me a lot.On my tenth 2.A.toy B.part 2 he asked me,"What will you do when you grow up?"I answered the 3 proudly, C.seat D.space “Be a teacher like you！”Hearing this,my 3.A.driver's B.driver father was very happy and said to me,"Try C.passenger's D.passenger your best and your 4 will come true." 4.A.mom B.dad In the fourth year of my college,I C.friend D.neighbor volunteered in a school.One of the 5 was 5.A.hour B.minute ill.She wanted me to take her place for two C.moment D.day 6.I was glad but nervous.My father 6.A.door B.window said,"This is a good 7.I wish you C.shelf D.lock success！”The next day,I was introduced to 日积月累：All things are difficult before they are easy..凡事总是由难而易。 35 中考冲刺英语 the class by the head teacher of the school. help her husband out of the car.Then they The 8 felt very happy.With other 9 entered the 5 hand in hand. help,I did very well. As soon as they came inside,a race car Personally,the 10 has made me even appeared in the parking lot.With its four more interested in being a teacher in the future. 6 open,I saw several teenagers.The 1.A.teacher B.worker young man who was driving it had turned up C.farmer D.doctor the 7 so high that I could hear it even in 2.A.date B.day the coffee shop. C.way D.birthday However,they were not bad guys.They 3.A.competition B.require were just enjoying the music. C.question D.progress A lot of memories came into my 8.I 4.A.idea B.dream could not stop thinking about the people who C.need D.competition have been by my side since I was young. 5.A.student B.students In the real world,everyone is different, C.teacher D.teachers but whether 9 or enemies,we are all still 6.A.week B.weeks part of the same group-humans.When we C.week's D.weeks' disagree with others,why not take a 10 7.A.chance B.excuse back,look carefully and try to understand C.journey D.result them before judging them? 8.A.child B.children 1.A.treasure C.children's D.child's B.accident C.chance 9.A.teacher B.teacher's D.suggestion B.rules C.teachers' D.teachers 2.A.ways 10.A.trip B.education C.secrets D.ideas C.duty D.experience 3.A.notes B.courses c C.risks D.actions Rain was loudly hitting my window 4.A.memory B.attention when I woke up.Holidays are my only 1 C.praise D.support to sleep in,but I couldn't because of the 5.A.shop B.school sound of the rain.My brain was awake and C.office D.hospital full of 2,so I decided to get up and finish 6.A.flowers B.windows my project.I went to a coffee shop and C.rooms D.bags started taking 3 on what was happening 7.A.heat B.phone around me.When I looked at the parking lot, C.music D.movie an elderly couple in a car caught my 4. 8.A.body B.heart After parking,the woman got out and went to C.head D.mind 136 第二部分语法专题突破 中考冲刺英语 9.A.relatives B.friends Our teacher said such 15. C.neighbors D.strangers (experience)helped us learn about nature. 10.A.trip B.walk B C.step D.rest Last Saturday,our class visited the local Ⅱ.短文填空 (animal)shelter to help out.The A 2. (worker)there were very kind Last week,our class went on a trip to and showed us around.We started with a Sunshine Farm.A 1. (farm)showed short 3. (introduce)to the shelter's us around and taught us many interesting daily routines. things. First,we helped prepare food for the First,we helped collect fresh 2. dogs and 4. (cat).Some of the dogs (egg)from the chicken coop.The 3. were so playful that they knocked over a bag (soft)of the feathers(羽毛)surprised us. of 5. (potato)!Next,we cleaned the Then we fed the 4. (sheep)with 6. (birds)cages and refilled their green vegetables.Their 5. (hungry) water bowls.A staff member praised our made them eat quickly！ 7. careful)while handling the Next,we learned about the 6. animals'dishes. (grow)of plants.We also found out the The most exciting part was meeting the 7. (different)in the similar plants. shelter's newest animals-three 8. Then we helped pick up 8. (fox)that had been saved from the wild.We (strawberry).Of course,we ate many.They learned about the 9. (important)of were so delicious. protecting wildlife.The visitors'area had At lunch,we tasted the farm's information posters about how to care for 9. produce),like carrots and pets properly,including the 10. lettuce.The 10. (juicy)of the fruits choose)of the right food for different made them delicious!After eating,we played animals. with the 11. (baby)animals-the Before leaving,we donated some old lambs were so cute！ 11. (toy)for the animals.The And to our surprise,we saw some 12. (manager)speech at the end 12 mouse running away.The really made us think about 13. 13. (express)on the girl's faces (kind)toward all living things.She pointed were scared. out how small actions show 14. Before leaving,the farmer thanked us for (responsible)as pet owners or helpers. our help.This trip improved our 14. It was a tiring day.We all agreed that the (know)about farm life.We felt happy and it 15. (happy)we saw in the animals' was a perfect day! eyes made everything worthwhile. 日积月累：A man becomes learned by asking questions.不耻下问才能有学问。第二部分 语法专题突破 词类 专题一名词（必考） 重难考点突破 重难点一 1.①-s②buses③-es④babies⑤变y为i,再 加-es⑥knives⑦变f/fe为v,再加-es⑧-es 2.①feet②teeth③men④mice⑤women ⑥children⑦Chinese⑧Japanese ⑨Englishmen⑩Frenchmen①Germans ②Romans③Americans④Canadians 重难点二 ①singer②teacher③visitor④inventor ⑤musician⑥magician⑦artist⑧scientist ⑨development⑩kindness①action ②collection③entrance④confidence ⑤warmth⑥safety⑦meeting⑧building 备考实战演练 I.A:1-5 BCABC 6-10 ABAAC 微拓展 1.If I were Terry,I would give the young guy a big hug first.Then I'd say "Thank you so much!You saved our lives.I'll never forget your help."/Maybe I'd also make a handmade card to show my thanks.(开放 性设题，言之有理即可) 2.Yes.Once,I saw an old man struggling to carry heavy bags in the street.I ran to help him carry the bags to his home.I just did what I thought was right at that moment. (开放性设题，言之有理即可) B:1-5 ADCBD 6-10 BABCD C:1-5 CDABA 6-10 BCDBC II.A:1.farmer 2.eggs 3.softness 4.sheep 5.hunger 6.growth 7.differences 8.strawberries 9.product(s)10.juice 11.baby 12.mice 13.expressions 14.knowledge 15.experiences B:1.animal 2.workers 3.introduction 4.cats 5.potatoes 6.birds'7.carefulness 8.foxes 9.importance 10.choice 11.toys 12.manager's 13.kindness 14.responsibility/ responsibilities 15.happiness 专题二 动词和动词短语（必考） 备考实战演练 I.A:1-5 ADBDB 6-10 CABCD B:1-5 CBBBA 6-10 DABCB 微拓展 1-2AB II.1.out 2.out 3.up 4.up 5.after 6.of 7.for 8.up 9.up 10.on 11.off 12.about/of 13.out 14.with 15.out 专题三 情态动词 备考实战演练 I.1-5 DBDBA 6-10 ACDBB 微写作 One possible version: Later that evening,Max curled up beside me as I finished my homework.He would not trouble me anymore-his guilty eyes showed he understood.When I petted him,his tail thumped happily.Maybe I should be stricter with him,but how can I refuse that lovely face?After all,every dog might make mistakes ..and every owner has to forgive them. II.A:1.have to 2.can't 3.can 4.should 5.can 6.can 7.have to B:1.must 2.have to 3.could 4.must 5.can 6.shouldn't 7.can 专题四 形容词和副词（必考） 重难考点突破 重难点一 ①finally②completely③词尾直接加-ly ④easily⑤heavily⑥变y为i,再加-ly ⑦truly⑧去e再加-ly⑨politely⑩widely ①直接加-ly②terribly③possibly ④去e再加-y⑤palely⑥直接加-ly 重难点二 ①longer②longest③harder④hardest ⑤-er⑥-est⑦larger⑧largest⑨-r⑩-st ①bigger②biggest③双写④-est⑤easier ⑤easiest⑦y⑧i9 more beautifulωmost beautiful①more②most⑧more④most farther/further farthest/furthest