专题三 情态动词-【夺冠百分百】2026年中考英语冲刺精讲册（人教版 河北专用）

中考冲刺英语 ☑ 专题三 情态动词 【课标导图】 有词义，但不能单独作谓语，须和动词原形一起构成谓语 基本 特征 除了have to(have to→has to→had to)外，其余情态动词一般无人称和数的变化 表示能力，意为“能，会”，可与be able to相互转化 can 表示请求、允许，意为“可以” 表示能力，意为“不能，不会” can't 表示拒绝对方的请求或不同意、不允许，意为“不可以” 表示否定推测，意为“一定不，不可能”，可能性几乎为零 can的过去式，表示过去的能力，意为“能，会”，其否定式为couldn't 情态动词 could 表示委婉的请求，通常用于疑问句中 表示主观看法，意为“必须，一定要” must 表示非常有把握的肯定推测，意为“一定，肯定” mustn't为must的否定形式，意为“一定不要，禁止” 表示请求、许可，意为“可以"might语气比may更委婉) may/ might 意为“有可能，也许”，表示把握不大的推测might的可能性低于may, 语气较缓和、较委婉) may用于祈使句，表示祝福和祝愿，用法和wish相似 用法 need/ need意为“需要”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中 needn't needn't常用于由must引出的一般疑问句的否定回答 表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告或建议，意为“应该”，其否定式为shouldn't should 表示征询意见，常用于疑问句中 would 表示自愿做或主动提出做某事 had better意为“最好”，其否定形式为had better not have to 意为“不得不”，多表示客观必要 【考情分析】 考点 考向 考题 题型 考频 must表示主观看法的用法 2022,36 情态动词的 5年2考 can表示能力的用法 2023,35 单项选择 基本用法 情态动词表示推测 2024,34 5年1考 144 第二部分|语法专题突破 中考冲刺英语 重难考点突破 重难点一由情态动词引导的一般疑问句的回答 你必须。/不，你不必。 1.由may或mnight引出的一般疑问句，肯定回 4.回答由could引出的一般疑问句时，用can, 答用may/can;否定回答用can't/mustn't。 不用could。 一May/Might I sit here?我可以坐在这儿吗？ Could I use your mobile phone?我可以 Yes,you may (can)./No,you can't 用你的手机吗？ (mustn't).是的，你可以。/不，你不能。 Yes,you can./No,you can't.是的，你可 2.由must引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用 以。/不，你不可以。 must/have to/has to;否定回答常用 重难点二情态动词表示推测 needn't/don't have to/doesn't have to. 1.在肯定句中一般用must(一定)，may/might -Must I hand in my homework this (可能)，could(也许；或许)，其中must表示 afternoon？?我今天下午必须交作业吗？ 推测的语气最强，其余依次减弱。 -Yes,you must./No,you needn't(don't 2.在否定句中一般用can't(不可能)。 have to)..是的，你必须。/不，你不必。 3.在疑问句中用can/could(可能)。 3.回答由need引出的一般疑问句时，肯定回 一Can the red sweater be Tom's?这件红 答用must,否定回答用needn't。 色的毛衣会是汤姆的吗？ 一Need I do the work at once?我需要立刻 -No,it can't.He can't stand red.不，不可 做这项工作吗？ 能。他忍受不了红色。 -Yes,you must../No,you needn't.是的， 备考实战演练 I.完形填空 all night！ Max is my golden retriever,and he's the The vet says Max 9 eat only special smartest dog I know.Every morning,he food for his health.But when I'm eating 1 wake me up by licking my face.I 2 snacks,he gives me those sad eyes.I know I get up immediately,or he won't stop! 10 give him human food,but it's so hard When we go for walks,Max 3 pull to say no! on the leash at first,but now he walks calmly 1.A.can B.may beside me.My mom says he 4 behave C.must D.will well because I trained him properly.Still, 2.A.can B.must sometimes he 5 help running after C.might D.would squirrels if he sees them! 3.A.would B.should At home,Max 6 open the fridge by C.could D.used to himself.We 7 be careful to lock it,or 4.A.can B.must he'll steal food.Yesterday,he found my C.may D.shall homework and chewed it.I 8 rewrite it 5.A.can't B.must 日积月累：A young idler,an old beggar.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 145 中考冲刺英语 C.has to D.needn't Helen,15,from Shandong 6.A.is able to B.must In the letter I wrote to the headmaster,I C.might D.shall want to talk about the responsibility of personal 7.A.might B.could classes.Now many middle schools are trying the C.have to D.would “personal class”system.Students don't have 8.A.must B.need regular(固定的)classes..They6. C.should D.had to choose lessons they want to take.And it is also 9.A.may B.must good for exercise.We don't 7. stay in C.can D.would one classroom all the time. 10.A.wouldn't B.shouldn't 0 C.mustn't D.needn't Most scientists agree the Great Sphinx of Giza was built around 2,500 B.C.But John 微写作—续写 请按照故事的发展脉络，在第三段后续 Anthony West says that it 1. be much older.If he's right,"everything 写一段50词左右的短文吧。 anybody has learned about ancient civilizations would 2. be completely revised(修改)，”he told a magazine. West joined a scientist to do research Ⅱ，短文填空 together.Their research suggested that the A(2024承德围场模拟改编) Sphinx had been worn down(磨损)over the Luke,14,from Jiangsu years by water,rather than by sand and wind. I will give some suggestions about our Wait a minute?Water?How 3. school uniforms.In our school,we students that be?The Sphinx is in the Sahara Desert, 1. wear uniforms every day.But the which has been dry for about 12,000 years! blue,black and green sports suit looks really However,before that time,it was very dark and old.It 2. stand for young and green.If it's true that water wore down the lively spirit.We 3. add some red or Sphinx,West thinks that it 4. have orange colors and make a new type of uniforms. been built centuries earlier. Danny,13,from Zhejiang Whether West is right or wrong,it's I have two suggestions for my headmaster. important to challenge accepted ideas.That's First of all,I think we 4. have more how science progresses. hobby classes in science,such as model plane West gave some advice to kids:If you are making classes and computer programming interested in a topic,read everything you classes.It is really boring to study basic 5. on it.Do your own research.You subjects all the time.And second,I hope we 6. always believe everything your have more P.E.lessons or more teachers have told you.Ask lots of questions, time for physical exercise. and you 7. find your own answers. 146第二部分 语法专题突破 词类 专题一名词（必考） 重难考点突破 重难点一 1.①-s②buses③-es④babies⑤变y为i,再 加-es⑥knives⑦变f/fe为v,再加-es⑧-es 2.①feet②teeth③men④mice⑤women ⑥children⑦Chinese⑧Japanese ⑨Englishmen⑩Frenchmen①Germans ②Romans③Americans④Canadians 重难点二 ①singer②teacher③visitor④inventor ⑤musician⑥magician⑦artist⑧scientist ⑨development⑩kindness①action ②collection③entrance④confidence ⑤warmth⑥safety⑦meeting⑧building 备考实战演练 I.A:1-5 BCABC 6-10 ABAAC 微拓展 1.If I were Terry,I would give the young guy a big hug first.Then I'd say "Thank you so much!You saved our lives.I'll never forget your help."/Maybe I'd also make a handmade card to show my thanks.(开放 性设题，言之有理即可) 2.Yes.Once,I saw an old man struggling to carry heavy bags in the street.I ran to help him carry the bags to his home.I just did what I thought was right at that moment. (开放性设题，言之有理即可) B:1-5 ADCBD 6-10 BABCD C:1-5 CDABA 6-10 BCDBC II.A:1.farmer 2.eggs 3.softness 4.sheep 5.hunger 6.growth 7.differences 8.strawberries 9.product(s)10.juice 11.baby 12.mice 13.expressions 14.knowledge 15.experiences B:1.animal 2.workers 3.introduction 4.cats 5.potatoes 6.birds'7.carefulness 8.foxes 9.importance 10.choice 11.toys 12.manager's 13.kindness 14.responsibility/ responsibilities 15.happiness 专题二 动词和动词短语（必考） 备考实战演练 I.A:1-5 ADBDB 6-10 CABCD B:1-5 CBBBA 6-10 DABCB 微拓展 1-2AB II.1.out 2.out 3.up 4.up 5.after 6.of 7.for 8.up 9.up 10.on 11.off 12.about/of 13.out 14.with 15.out 专题三 情态动词 备考实战演练 I.1-5 DBDBA 6-10 ACDBB 微写作 One possible version: Later that evening,Max curled up beside me as I finished my homework.He would not trouble me anymore-his guilty eyes showed he understood.When I petted him,his tail thumped happily.Maybe I should be stricter with him,but how can I refuse that lovely face?After all,every dog might make mistakes ..and every owner has to forgive them. II.A:1.have to 2.can't 3.can 4.should 5.can 6.can 7.have to B:1.must 2.have to 3.could 4.must 5.can 6.shouldn't 7.can 专题四 形容词和副词（必考） 重难考点突破 重难点一 ①finally②completely③词尾直接加-ly ④easily⑤heavily⑥变y为i,再加-ly ⑦truly⑧去e再加-ly⑨politely⑩widely ①直接加-ly②terribly③possibly ④去e再加-y⑤palely⑥直接加-ly 重难点二 ①longer②longest③harder④hardest ⑤-er⑥-est⑦larger⑧largest⑨-r⑩-st ①bigger②biggest③双写④-est⑤easier ⑤easiest⑦y⑧i9 more beautifulωmost beautiful①more②most⑧more④most farther/further farthest/furthest