Unit 5 Presenting ideas & Reflection知识清单 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级下册

Unit 5 Presenting ideas & Reflection知识清单 Part1 单元知识梳理 一、重点单词 1. whether conj. 是否（用于表示选择或对某事不确定）→whether... or not 是否…… 2. unknown adj. 不知道的，未知的→ be unknown to sb. 不为某人所知→ （反义词）known adj. 已知的 3. northern adj. 北部的→ the northern part of... …… 的北部→ north n. 北；北方 4. belief n. 观点 n. 相信；信心→ have a belief in... 对…… 持有信念→ believe v. 相信；认为 5. fully adv. 完全地；充分地；彻底地→ be fully aware of 充分意识到→ full adj. 满的；完全的 6. unlock v. 解锁→ （反义词） lock v. 锁；锁住 7. finding n. 发现，（调查、研究等的）结果→ find v. 发现；找到 8. newspaper n. 报纸 9. writing n. 写作，著书→ writing skills 写作技巧→ creative writing 创意写作→ write v. 写；书写 10. style n. 风格 11. method n. 方法，办法→ a teaching method 教学方法→ a scientific method 科学方法 12. alive adj. 变得兴味盎然，生动起来→ come alive 变得活跃；生动起来 adj. 活着；在世→ stay alive 存活→ live v. 居住；生活 adj. 现场直播的→ life n. 生命；生活 13. argument n. 论点，论据n. 争论；争吵；辩论→ have an argument with sb. 与某人争论→ argue v. 争论；争辩 14. board n. 布告牌，公告牌→ a notice board 布告牌 n. 木板→ on board 在船（火车、飞机等）上 15. model n. 模型→ model plane 飞机模型→ a model of... ……的模型 n. 模范；典型→ a model student模范生 16. planet n. 行星 17. true adj. 符合事实的，真的，真实的→ come true 实现→ truly adv. 真实地；真诚地→ truth n. 真相；真理 18. clear v. 清除；清理→ clear away 把……清除掉→ clear out 清理；丢掉→ clear up 使整洁；清理 adj. 清楚的；晴朗的→ clearly adv. 清楚地；显然地 19. upload v. 上载，上传→ （反义词）download v. 下载 20. whale n. 鲸 21. boiling adj. 很热的，滚热的 22. chemical n. 化学物质 adj. 化学的；化学作用的→ chemistry n. 化学 23. endless adj. 无数的，无限的→ endlessly adv. 不断地；无穷尽地→ end v. 结束；终止 n. 结尾；末端 24. country n. 国，国家→ developing countries 发展中国家 25. anybody pron. 任何人→ anybody else 其他任何人 26. wealth n. 财富→ wealthy adj. 富有的；富裕的 27. hardly adv. 几乎不→ hardly ever 几乎从不 28. belong v. 应在（某处） 29. granddaughter n. 孙女；外孙女 30. softly adv. 轻柔地，柔和地→ speak softly 轻声说话→ soft adj. 柔软的；轻柔的 二、重点短语 1. look for 寻找 2. no longer 不再 3. used to 过去常常 4. unlock the secrets of sth. 揭开某事的秘密 5. carry out 进行；执行 6. carry on with sth. 继续某事 7. belong to 属于 三、重点句子 1. It is running around looking for its next meal. 它正在四处寻找下一顿食物。 2. This species no longer grows in this area. But the find proves that it did 35 million years ago. 这个物种不再在这个区域生长，但这个发现证明，它在三千五百万年前曾存活于此。 3. Scientists used to believe that ants came from the northern half of the earth. 科学家们过去认为，蚂蚁来自北半球。 4. For over 70 years, he explored China to study the country’s plants. 七十余年来，他探索中国各地，研究这个国家的植物。 5. To carry out his research, he spent years in wild mountains and forests. 为了开展他的研究，他在山区和森林中度过了多年的时光。 6. Once, he fell seriously ill while doing field work in Yunnan. 有一次，他在云南进行野外工作时得了重病。 7. With a magnifier in hand, he still carried on with his research for another 10 years. 他手拿放大镜，仍然继续他的研究，一干就是又十年。 Part2 单元语法 宾语从句（1） 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句子中充当宾语成分，用于表达主句 谓语动词所涉及的 “内容、信息或对象”。 特别提醒：及物动词、少数不及物动词加介词后形成的动词短语都可以接that 引导的宾语从句。常接that 引导的宾语从句的谓语动词有：believe、expect、explain、feel、hear、hope、imagine、say、see、tell、think、understand、wish 等。 考点1 that 引导的宾语从句 1. 当谓语动词表示肯定概念，如“希望”、“相信”、“知道”或“说”时， 其后面的宾语从句一般用that 引导。that 没有任何词汇意义，只具有语法功能，多数情况下that 可省略。 例：I think (that) you are right. 我认为你是对的。 I hope (that) you like the gift. 我希望你喜欢这份礼物。 2. that 用于以下情况时不可省略： (1) 当主句谓语动词后接两个或多个由 that 引导的并列宾语从句时，仅第一个 that 可省略， 其余必须保留。 例：He said (that) he would come and that he would bring a gift. 他说他会来，还会带礼物。 (2)当宾语从句前有插入语时，that 不可省略。 例：She admitted, after a pause, that she had made a mistake. 她停顿了一下，承认自己犯了错。 3. that 引导的宾语从句的否定前移 当主句主语为第一人称(I/we)，谓语动词是表示“看法”、“判断”的动词(如think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine 等)时，宾语从句的否定词(not)需转移到主句中，即“形式上否定主句，实际上否定从句”。 例：I don’t believe that he is honest. 我相信他不诚实。 I don’t suppose that he will come. 我猜想他不会来。 考点2 if 或whether 引导的宾语从句 由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来，需将疑问句语序改为陈述句语序(即主语+ 谓语+ 宾语)。表示“是否”时，if 和whether 可互换。 例：I don’t know whether / if he will come back. 我不知道他是否会回来。 He asked me whether/ if I could help him. 他问我是否能帮助他。 注意：在以下几种情况中，只能用whether。 (1)强调两方面的选择，特别是句中有or not 时。 例：Let me know whether you will come or not. 让我知道你来还是不来。 (2)当“是否”引导的从句作介词的宾语时。 例：It depends on whether we have enough time. 这取决于我们是否有足够的时间。 (3)当“是否”后接不定式(to do)时。 例：She hasn’t decided whether to go to the party. 她还没决定是否去参加派对。 总结：宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序。主句为一般现在时，宾语从句的时态可以根据实际情况来定。主句为一般过去时，宾语从句的时态用过去相应的时态，但描述客观真理时从句要用一般现在时。 Part3 单元写作 【写作维度】 本单元的写作项目是“探索大自然”。相关内容通过以下几个方面：(1)讲述自然探索者的故事；(2)介绍探索自然的经历；(3)通过探索经历反思人与自然的关系。 【写作支架/模版】 写“探索大自然的故事” 开篇引出人物 具体描述人物探索大自然的故事 对人物的评价 【句子积累】 一、开头段 ①Most people get interested and ask questions. But one person took his interest all the way to the fields. ② ...was born in... on... ③When we see the hybrid rice, we think of Yuan Longping. ④Have you ever heard of Yuan Longping? 二、中间段 ① Throughout his life, Yuan Longping worked hard to research the hybrid rice. ②To carry out his research, he spent years in the fields. ③Though facing many challenges, he never stopped his work. ④But he seldom thought about personal honour or wealth. 三、结尾段 ①I think we should learn from his spirit of hard work and lifelong exploration and make a positive contribution to our society. ②We should learn from him and study hard. ③Although he passed away, his spirit still lives in our hearts. 【经典例题】 请根据以下要点提示，写一篇文章介绍中国“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平。 要点：1.出生地：北京； 出生时间：1930年9月7日。 2. 袁对大自然和科学展现出浓厚的兴趣。1953年西南大学毕业后，他决定探索大自然，研究杂交水稻。 3. 袁隆平一生都努力研究杂交水稻，并且最终取得了成功。 4.袁隆平因为他的贡献而被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。 5.你的评价。 提示词：杂交水稻hybrid rice 要求：1.词数80左右； 2.要点齐全，可适当发挥； 3.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 4. 条理清楚，语句通顺，语义连贯，书写规范。 精彩范文 Yuan Longping was born in Beijing on September 7th, 1930. He took his interest all the way to the science and nature. After graduating from Southwest University in 1953, he decided to explore nature and do research on the hybrid rice. Throughout his life, Yuan Longping worked hard to research hybrid rice. He worked in the fields and finally achieved success. Though facing many challenges, Yuan never stopped his work. Yuan is also known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice” because of his contribution. But Yuan seldom thought about personal honour or wealth. I think we should learn from his spirit of hard work and lifelong exploration and make a positive contribution to our society. 【实战演练】 上周你们的生物老师带领你们去爬山，探索大自然，了解了不同的植物，并对一些花进行了研究……你开始热爱大自然，决定在未来当一名科学家，探索大自然的奥秘。写一篇80词左右的文章，描述你上周探索自然的经历。 范文参考 My Nature Exploration Nature presents us with endless wonders. Last week our biology teacher took us to climb the mountain to explore nature. We learned about different plants with the help of our teacher. We also studied some flowers carefully. We learned flowers grow and sleep with seasons and that different species live in different places. Nature is full of secrets. We showed great interest in it. This trip inspired me. Now I decide to study hard and be a scientist in the future. I will put more effort into exploring nature. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $